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DEMAND FOR CONVICTS
Greatly Exceeds Supply—l,437
Overs Have Been Asked For.
MANY REQUISITIONS MADE
Prison Commission Prepares Table
Showing That Counties Will Take All
Convicts State Can Supply.
Atlanta, Ga. —Secretary Goodloe
Yancey of the prison commission has
compiled a table of the counties that
have made requisition upon the state
for felony convicts, to be worked on
the public roads after April 1, 1909,
when the 'lease system will expire.
The table is interesting and estab
lishes beyond the shadow of doubt
that the demand will far exceed the
supply.
Fifty-four counties have made for
mal application, and the following
summary is based upon their requisi
tions:
Total number of convicts wanted,
1,855.
Actual number counties are entitled
to under quota, 448.
“Over*” desired by the 54 counties,
1,437.
In other words, the 54 counties want
88 per cent of all the convicts the
state expects to have in the peniten
tiary next April.
The number of “overs” requested is
58 per cent of the whole number to
be disposed of under the law.
Of the 54 counties heard from 42
want tlieir quota and more, while
only 12 ask for their quota alone.
Chatham and DeKalb counties are
the biggest bidders. The former, un
der its quota, is entitled to 71 con
victs, and it wants 129 men to make
the total number 200. DeKalb county
is entitled to only 21 men, but she
wants 1779 “overs,” so as to have
a road gang of 200 men.
The appended table is self-explan
atory :
County. Quota. Overs. Total.
•Baker ........ 7 .. 7
Banks 11 15 26
Bryan 6 8 14
Bulloch ........ 22 .. 22
Burke 25 20 45
Camden ........ 8 17 25
Chatham 71 129 200
Campbell 10 .. 10
Clarke ...... ..18 32 50
Clayton 10 20 30
Clinch 9 11 20
DeKalb ...... ..21 179 200
Dougherty 14 26 40
Early ...... ..15 10 25
Elbert 20 30 50
Emanuel 18 .. 18
Glascock 5 15 20
Green 17 .. 17
Hart ..'.... ..14 6 20
Heard 11 20 31
Henry 18 20 38
Houston 23 .. 23
Jasper 15 20 35
Jefferson 18 42 60
Jenkins .. 10 10 20
Johnson ..... . .11 9 20
Jones 13 .. 13
Laurens 26 74 100
Lee 10 10 20
Lincoln ....... 7 .. 7
Lowndes 20 30 50
Macon 14 20 34
Madison 13 12 25
Mitchell 18 12 30
Monrod 21 40 61
Morgan .. .. .. .16 40 56
Muscogee 30 20 50
Newton 17 7 24
Oconee 9 6 15
Oglethorpe ..... IS .. IS
Pike 19 11 30
Putnam ..13 25 3S
Randolph 17 18 35
Richmond 54 .. 54
Rockdale .. v . .. . 8 7 15
Telfair 10 15 25
Troup 24 .. 24
Turner 7 33 40
Walton 21 .. 21
Warren 11 9 20
Wilcox 10 .. 10
Wilkes 21 10 31
Wilkinson .... ..11 15 26
Worth .' ..13 40 53
University of Georgia, 50.
Brooks, Clav and Macon have ap
plied for misdemeanors, but no felo
nies as yet.
STATE FACES M DEFICIT.
Incoming Administration Confronted
by Serious Problem of Debt.
Atlanta, Ga. —When the new state
administration assumes charge of af
fairs next June, it will face one of
the most colossal financial deficits in
the history of Georgia.
Captain R. E. Park, state treasurer
of Georgia, estimated that the deficit
confronting the treasury will not be
less than SBOO,OOO, and may reach
$1,000,000
Provision to meet this burden, in ad
dition to the regular state budget of
something like $5,000,000, must be
made by the Joseph M. Brown admin
istration, and the legislature which
meets next June. Just how it is to
be done is causing deep apprehension,
on the part of the lawmakers.
The cause of the concern of the al
ways conservative state treasurer and
the newly elected governor is pre
sented in the following table;
Loss from the hire of con
victs $250,000
Loss from liquor revenue .. .. 24(1,000
Increased appropriation for
common schools.. .. .. .. 250,000
Appropriation for 11 districts
agricultural schools 77,000
Normal increase in appropria
tions 30,000
Total $847,000
THROUGHOUT THE STATE
The state department of entomol
agy, after four years of experiment,
has succeeded in producing a hybird
type of cotton which resists the rav
ages of the black root fungus, gener
ally recognized as the worst of all
cotton pests, with the exception of the
boll weavil which is not known in
Georgia. It has taken long and expen
sive series of experiments to produce
this resistant type, but this important
work has at last been accomplished,
and the department announces that it
has a limited amount of the seed on
hand. Samples of the seed will be sent
to representative farmers throughout
the state, their names being neces
sarily limited on account of the recent
farmers’ institutes that have been held
in various sections.
Information of an experiment about
to be made in raising sea island cot
ton in California was contained in a
letter received by Commissioner of
Agriculture T. G. Hudson from Robert
H. Harris of Holtville, Cal. Mr. Har
his stated that an association has
been organized for the purpose and
that about seven thousand acres of
land will be planted in Egyptian cot
ton of the Texas variety. He express
es the opinion that the cotton raising
experiment in California will prove a
great success.
According to a list compiled by Sec
retary Goodloe Yancey of the prison
commission, between sixty-five and
seventy counties have applied for con
victs under the new law to the num
ber approximately of one thousand
eight hundred. The counties which
have already sent in requisitions for
convicts number only about half of
those in the state, and do not include
Fulton and many of the larger coun
ties. From prescent indications the
2,500 felony convicts of the state will
all be employed upon the public roads
of the various counties and there will
be no “overs” to dispose of.
The membership of the commission
to investigate the advisability and
feasibility of extending the Western
and Atlantic railroad to the sea with
the aid of convict labor, was complet
ed by the appointment by Governor
Smith of Honorable Paul Trammel of
Dalton, and Honorable W. H, Burwell
of Hancock. Tbe "overnor had form
erly appointed Honorable J. R‘. Gray
of Atlanta, and George Dole Wadley
of Monroe county, as members of the
commission. As announced at the
time of the passage of the bill, Presi
dent J. J. Flynt appointed Senators J.
D. Howard of Baldwin, and C. W.
Brantley of Laurens, as members of
the commission. Speaker John M. Sla
ton named Messrs. Hooper Alexander
of DeKalb, Joe Hill of Bibb, and H. J.
Fullbright of Burke, as members of
the commission.
The citizens of Wadly voted almost
unanimously to grant to R. L. Perkins
the right to operate electric lights
and waterworks there, Mr. Perkin 3 is
the lessee of the Wadley Yellow Pino
Company’s plant at this place, and
the light and power will be generated
at his mill plant just outside Wadley
city limits.
Mr. W. A. DuPre, a prominent bus
iness man of Marietta, has on exhibi
tion a fine specimen of an American
’ eagle that measures eight and a half
feet from tip to tip. This eagle was
killed by four school boys who were
out hunting near Marietta. The eagle
came down and was .making an effort
to capture the bird dog of the school
boys and all the boys immediately
opened fire and after shooting four or
fie times each, finally succeeded in
killing the eagle. This is a fine spec
imen and is one of the few eagles that
hae been seen in Cobb county for a
long time and is the only one that has
been killed in the county.
Savannah has developed what Is
thought co be a brand new swindle. It
is nothing more nor less than the col
lection of city taxes on personal prop
| erty from new comers to the city. The
scheme seems to be to watch the col
umns of the daily newspapers to see
j where new arrivals live and to then
present themselves as city tax collec-
I tors who want to collect money for
j personal property. The scheme has
worked very well in one or two in
stances and it is not known how many
unreported cases there are. Mayor
Tiedeman will make an effort to have
these petty crooks run down.
Stockholders of the former Bank of
Waycross have announced that the re
organization and re-opening of the
bank was now practically assured.
Several have canceled their stock and
| subscribed to the new stock. Colonel
j W. M. Toomer and Colonel L .A. Wil
son were authorized to appoint a com
j mittee of five to confer with leading
bankers in Atlanta, Savannah and
Jacksonville in the formulation of a
plan for the re-organization to be sub
mitted at a meeting in Waycross De
! cember 5.
W. R. McCants of Winder, Ga., has
been named by Governor Smith as a
trustee of the North Georgia Agrcul
tural college at Dahlonega. Mr. Mc-
Cants is a well-known business man
of Jackson county. His appointment is
for six years for October 1, 1908.
An incident of interest to the medi
cal and scientific world occurred at
Eatonton when grave diggers, in dig
ging the grave of Major William A.
j Crawford, unearthed the corpse of an
infant brother of the deceased perfect
ly preserved after sixty-two years’ in
terment. The grave was opened by
headstones being misplaced and the
grave diggers struck the glass plate
; covering the metalic casket with such
force that it was dislocated and the
features of the corpse revealed. The
facial and physical features were re
markably preserved, even the teetn
and h&ir, with the exception of being
very dark. The headstone bore the
[name Flournoy Gatewood. t- a
THE PULPIT.
AN ELOQUENT SUNDAY SERMON BY
THE REV. H. MARTIN, PH. D.
Subject: The Abundant Life.
W
Brooklyn, N. Y. —Sunday morning,
in the First Church of Christ (Disci
| pies), the pastor, the Rev. Herbert
: Martin, Ph. D., preached on “Religion
; and Life.” The text was from John
j 10:10:“! came that they may have
! life, and may have it abundantly.”
! Dr. Martin said:
j Christ came not to teach a theol
i ogv primarily, if at all, but to give
' life, more life. He came to give life
j to others rather than live a self-cen
tered life. I came that they may have
| life. He came to give life here and
1 now. His emphasis was upon the
present life. He that hath the Son
i hath life. Life in the future is a
| corailary to present life. To have life
; here and now is the only guarantee,
j the only possibility of future life.
The value and need of religion for
I the present life are being emphasized
j to-day as at no time since the early
j Christian era. This identification of
1 religion and life tends to make re
ligion a normal phenomenon in hu
! man experience. Religion has long
suffered because of its almost ex
clusive other-world emphasis. Its re
moval to the future as the proper
sphere of its activity, its other-world
! advantages caused men to regard it
| as an abstract, vague and unreal, and
] to treat it as having little practical
1 benefit for the present. Under such
j conditions religion would he disre-
I garded, or, if accepted, it would be in
j an almost altogether objective way as
a precautionary measure, and thus
| never become a vital element in the
program of daily life. The normal
man is intensely interested in the
present, and in the sweet by-and-by
only as it is related to his present
interest. If religion is to cut any
real figure in this life it can do so only
as it links itself to and identifies itself
with his present interests. And this
religion is capable of doing, and is
doing. The Master identified Himself
with the life of the people; in fact,
He came that He might give life to
the people.
The same hopeful sign is discovera
ble in the educational world. Com
pare the curricula of the schools and
colleges of other days with those of
to-day and how evident is the differ
ence. Education as preparation for
living in the far future, even of the
present life, does not and never did
appeal to the normal mind unless the
appeal was effected through a liberal,
application of physical force. Since
the days of Rousseau education as
| mere preparation has gradually and
I beautifully fallen into disrepute. Ed
] ucators have discovered the practical
ly complete absorption of the child in
the present. They have discovered,
furthermore, that even the young
child must live while being educated,
and that as such it must enjoy certain
rights. As a result of these discov
eries education is no longer a mere
formal process whose goal is utterly
remote from the present life inter
ests. Education aims to equip the
student for present living since he
must live while he is in process of
being educated. You cannot take a
boy of fifteen years and educate him
for some position at thirty and ex
pect him to fill that position satisfac
torily if you wholly disregard the fact
that he lives and must live from
fifteen to thirty. Modern education
takes note of this and seeks, while
looking toward the future, to qualify
the student in the largest way to live
the fullest life in the present days and
by so living will he be able to realize
those future expectations. In addi
tion to form, education gives content,
or better, to-day minds are formed
and fashioned by giving them a con
tent. Education and religion seek to
vitalize the present and out of it to
make possible the future. Their aim
is one, inspired by the Master, to give
more life.
Jesus came with life for the peo
ple and brought it to the people. He
sought the people. He went out af
ter them instead of waiting for the
people to come to Him. His life was
one of faith in God and service to
and among men. He came to min
ister, and did minister. He came to
give life and He gave it every day.
The life of men was being enriched
and ennobled as He gave Himself,
His life to them each day. The giv
ing of His life on the cross was, from
this point of view, the final act of
| that life which was, par excellence,
i the life-giving life. Organized re
! ligion is beginning to go out after
and to the people. Churches have
| long since ceased to be built whose
| entrances are guarded by iron gates
j and padlocks. “Strangers welcome,”
! that condescending phrase, does not
! appear so frequently on our church
signs. Religion has girded herself
; for service. She is working in the
Young Men’s and Young Women’s
Christian Associations, and is found
in settlement and slum work. Her
voice is heard in the factory noon-day
meetings, on tbe street corners, in
j the theatres and in all the busy
haunts of men. Organized religion is
hearing the Master’s voice, is catch
i ing His inspiration who said, “I came
that they may have life.” So of edu
l cation. It is being given to the peo-
I pie. It is no longer the peculiar
i privilege of the few. The people are
being sbught out and compelled to be
educated. Education is fer the peo
ple and is being given to the people.
Education aims to give more life
to the individual, and more life for
more individuals. It is true that
knowledge enlarges one’s world and
contributes to his survival. His hori
zon is widened, his ideas and ideals
are enlarged, he discovers a deeper
meaning in things, life takes on other
and better aspects; in short, he pos
sesses a larger life. This larger life,
more life, is becoming possible for
more Individuals. While this is true,
there remains yet much to be desired
ip our public schools, high schools
and colleges. Let us remember that
in our system the higher the grade
the fewer the pupils; that out of one
hundred pupils who enter public
schools only twenty-five stay long
enough to read and write; that only
twenty out of one hundred stay longer
than the fifth grade; that less than
one out of one hundred who enter
our public schools graduate from the
high schools; that a small proportion
of high school graduates enter col
lege, and that a small percentage of
those who enter college remain until
graduation; all this in the face of
the fact that our system is graded
largely toward the university. If ed
ucation gives life it should give more
life to a greater number of Indi
viduals. Jesus taught that the ninety
and nine that were safe within the
fold could not furnish an excuse for
the neglect of the one tl .t was away.
With these things in mind should we
rest content with that system which
saves the one to the neglect of the
ninety and nine?
To produce such a result, no one
cause Is adequate. It has been fre
quently said, and with truth, that the
course of study does not have suf
ficient vital contact with the life and
interest of the pupil, and consequent
ly, because of Its lack of Interest for
him, fails to hold him. Rapid pro
gress, however, is being made in our
own city toward the correction of
such undesirable conditions. Anoth
er cause, more deep-seated and more
serious, is the growing commercial
spirit of the day. The dollar is the
circle of life. Men sell the.r own
souls and put under tribute their
children’s for dollars. There Is great
need for resolute struggle against
the allurements of dollars. Too many
altars are being builded to the god of
gold; too many souls are being sacri
ficed upon these altars. It is hard,
yes, well nigh impossible, to trans
mute commercial ideals, dollars and
cents Into more abundant life.
Our course of study may well need
revision, may require a radical change
in content. But our greatest need is
larger and truer ideals established
firmly in the hearts and minds of our
boys and girls. A greater emphasis
must be placed upon moral and ideal
thap upon material and commercial
values. The voice in defense of the
child’s inalienable rights, his heritage
of moral and religious ideals, should
ring deep Into tho hearts of parents.
Parents need to learn that the dollar
is not the goal of life, that the child
is more than the victim of a parent’s
base ideals; that he is nltrre than a
money-making machine. They need
to learn that the child ha 3 a self-hood
to be developed, a soul to be cultured,
and a destiny to be achieved. To
take a child out of school and compel
him to earn money is to deny him his
rights, is to degrade him. For
parents to do so is selfish, brutal, im
moral. I repeat that one of the great
est‘evils that threaten our nation i 3
our too complete allegiance to com
mercial ideals. Our mad rush for
gold makes us a nation of individuals
rather ■ than a democracy. Christ
says, “No man livetli unto himself.”
In New York it sometimes seems as
though every man reversed that prin
ciple. Individualism is a menace to
the life of the republic. There is, as
never before, a crying need for
parents and teachers to exalt moral
and spiritual values; a need to de
throne the god of gold and to re
enthrone the God of old; a need to
engrave upon the very physical and
spiritual fiber of tho child’s nature
the exceeding, the incomparable
worth of moral character. Parents
themselves need to possess and prop
erly estimate these ideals and then to
instill them and give them first place
In the hearts of their children. Such
ideals of truth and righteousness, im
plying as they do a profounder sense
of social obligation, will contribute in
the highest degree to the enrichment
of human life, to a more abundant
life.
Mighty possibilities are resident in
the teacher’s vocation because of the
material with which he works. Eter
nal consequences follow therefrom.
The true teacher spends little time
waiting for pay day to come. His is
a worthier work than that of a mere
wage earner. He is a maker for
social betterment, not a mere hire
ling. As with the preacher, right
eousness is his concern;, with God he
is a co-worker. That our teachers
might feel that they are called of God
and are doing God’s work, there was
a Man sent from God who was named
Teacher. He Himself says His mis
sion was to give a more abundant
life. That was His mission, that was
His religion, that was His life. The
religious aspect of the teacher’s work,
the religion of education, if you will,
is a subject worthy of more thought
than it has received.
While there is an imperative need
for teachers with ideals, we must not
forget that the ideals must be of pos
sible attainment.. We need, then,
sane teachers, teachers balanced by
perspective. False ideals, ideals be
yond the realm of the possible, held
up before the young, defeat the
teacher’s purpose. Hold up before a
boy an impossible ideal, making him
struggle toward its realization until
one day its utter absurdity dawns
upon him, and with what result? His
cherished idol falls and with it there
come tumbling down all his ideal con
structs. In this day when our coflege
presidents are little more than money
gatherers, when our school principals
are little more t''an clerical workers,
there is a positive need for teachers
with lofty ideals, but ideals within
the realm of possible achievement.
Impossible ideals made for lawless
ness rather than for righteousness
and the betterment of life.
We need, finally, to rediscover the
meaning of life, to learn that a man’s
life consisteth not in the abundance
of the things that he possesses. We
need to rediscover the fact of God,
and that in Him we live and move
and have our being. He is the source
of our life and to find Him is to find
fuller life. There is need to re-em
phasize the fact of Christ as the Re
vealer of the true life which is the
life of service. The life of the world
' has received a new impulse In Him.
His faith and practice were that the
only way to find life is to give life.
Christ gave His life in deeds of loving
service oven unto death that the life
heritage of humanity might be en
riched. He thus emphasized in teach
ing and in life social obligation. For
Him every enriched life was an in
creased social asset. From Him we
learn that the inheritance of life into
which wo have come must bo shared
with our fellows and passed on to
others enhanced in value by reason
of our participation. To give life is
to make life more abundant. /
PROMINENT PEOPLE.
Richard Croker decided to leave
Ireland for a visit to the United
States.
President C. W. Eliot, of Harvard,
resigned, and his resignation, to take
effect May 19, 1909, was accepted.
Howard Gould won the honors for
chrysanthemums at the first day of
the National Flower Show in Chicago.
Seth Low succeeds James R. Morse
In the presidency of the American
Asiatic Association, now eleven years
old.
Dr. Sven Hedin. the Swedish ex
plorer, says that he has discovered
the true sources of the Bramaputra
and Indus.
DeLancey Nicoll, attorney, of New
York City, said that Howard GouM’s
income had been cut. down $300,000
and was now only $400,000.
One of the be ct known mining men
in the country, Walter Fitch, has re
signed as superintendent of the Cal
umet and Hecla properties.
Duchess Alexandra Victoria of
Schl°swig-Holstein was married in
Berlin to Prince August William of
Prussia, fourth son of the Emperor.
R. W. Gilder, of the Century, said
that the Kaiser article was not. with
drawn because of anything in it likely
to cause International complications.
Kenyon Cox, tho painter, is aiso
an accomplished writer. He is a son
of General Jacob D. Cox, Secretary of
the Interior in President Grant’s first
Cabinet.
Amid great ceremony the Czar of
Bulgaria convened the National As
sembly for the first time since claim
ing regal dignity, and was enthusias
tically cheered by the people.
Henry P. Davidson, vice-president
of the First National Bank of New
York, and Professor A. P. Andrews,
members of the National Monetary
Commission, have returned from an
official trip to Europe.
LADOF. WORLD.
There are signs of a revival In tho
lead and slate industries of Wales.
A union labor club was formed at
the last meeting of the San Francisco,
Cal., laundry workers.
Typographical unions have been
formed in the colonies of Earbadoes,
British Guiana and Trinidad.
Printers’ unions have been started
In the sister colonies of Trinidad,
Barbados and British Guiana.
Organizers in the anthracite field
of Pennsylvania are endeavoring to
rehabilitate the miners’ union.
retail clerks of San Francisco,
Cal., will start an employment bu
reau for the benefit of members.
No one in Spxony is allowed to shoe
horses unless he has passed a public
examination and is duly qualified.
fn the shipbuilding trades on the
Mersey and Tyne there are 20,000
fewer men employed than last year.
An Oklahoma farmer insists that
a man can live on nine cents a day,
provided he uses the products of his
farm.
The strike of chauffeurs against the
New York Taxicab Company has been
settled, both sides having made con
cessions.
For strike benefits, 2118,332.70
was paid out by the United Brewery
Workmen of America for tho two
years ending August 31, 1908.
Machinists of San Francisco, Cal.,
qnd of Oakland have under consid
eration a proposition to form a dis
trict council of lodges of machinists.
At a meeting of the United Hebrew
Trades Union, of New York City, it
wa3 decided to affiliate with t'ne
Workmen's Circle, the national He
brew labor federation.
Henry Abrahams, secretary of the
Boston C. L. U., recently predicted
the five-hour workday in the shoe
making business of New England
within a very few years.
CHINESE TREATY' PLANNED.
United States arid Japan to Respect
Independenc eof China.
New York City.—The Herald gives
prominence to a dispatch from Tokio
thar a report is prevalent in thee high
financial circles close to the Katsura
ministry that Secretary Root and Ba
ron Takahira are negotiating a new
treaty between the United States and
Japan, the chief terms of which are
that the high contracting parties shall
respect the integrity and indepen
dence of ihe Chinese empire.
The Prophetic Eye.
Barber (looking for business) —Ex-
cuse me, sir, but your hair is going
to come out soon by the handful.
Jaggs (who was out all night and is
going home to face his wife) —You
(hie) shpose I don’t know (hie) that?
—Bohemian. ,
