The Waycross herald. (Waycross, Ga.) 18??-1893, November 19, 1892, Image 4

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C03XISSI05ER NESBITT i of Ororgla Wkal Has EXPERIMENT STATION. In many quarter* complaints have been made against the station on the ground that the expenditures were too neat for the amount of good done. These complaints are generally based on the snpiweitioo that the fund tliat sup ports the station is appropriated by the state, when, in fact, it is derived from the t,-eneral government, and it does not appear to me reasonable that any part of onr people should wish not to receive, or permit the fanners to re ceive. the Wnefit from an appropriation made by the United States. Aa re quired liy law, the essential part of the work of the station has been reproduced in the reports of this department. That many of these experiments are valuable there can 1** uo doubt, if the results of systematic cnltnre and fertilization The c officio chairman of the board of directors of the station. The board, which is ap point**! by your excellency, is made up of successful farmers from each con gressional district in the state. The efforts of these gentlemen have been to make the station beneficial to every class of farmers, and to illustrate to our fanners what can lie done in certain brandies of agricnltnre. As the head of the department, my voice in the affairs of the station is only impera tive in ease of a disagreement resulting in a tie lietween the other directors, but the present policy of conducting the station has lieen agreed upon after gen eral consultation among the directors. The establishment of a dairy and theex- l*eriments in tobacco I especially advo cated, a ’’ *■" “*■ iU ‘ other wholesome and nutritious items among his family supplies. In. almost every thickly settled neighborhood, one of the factories might be started on the co-operative plan, several farmer* com bining, and one of their number thor oughly posting himself in all the neces sary details of the work. At the Ex- penment station the factory is in daily operation, and any one wishing instruc tion will be welcomed and given every facility for learning the lmsinese. There is nothing complicated in the process, and any uau or woman of ordinary in telligence can, in thirty days, learn everything necessary for carrying on the work. To give some idea of the re quirements I quote from some notes which were kindly furnished me by Captain Redding, the director, in re sponse to some questions which I had asked. I also give his letter, bearing directly on this subject: Experiment. Ga.. Aug. 27. 1892. Hon. R. T. Nesbitt, Commissioner of Agriculture, Atlanta, Ga.: My Deak Siii—In response to yours of the 23th, I enclose “Notes on Cheese making in Georgia.** which you may find useful. You may add that the cheese made the present summer at the station dairy has lieen in great request, selling readily at the dairy at 15 cents per pound—the whole cheese. Wherever it has been I tested it lias given satisfaction. Mr. Wing says that the conditions here in Georgia for cheese making, are more favorable than in Ohio, where he has been making cheese all his life. Very truly, R. J. RedDINo, Director. NOTES ON CHEESE-MAKING IN GEORGIA. 1. Character and cost of building: Any cheap outbuilding, or mere shed, will anslver all purpose* for making cheese. It is only necessary to be dry and comfortable for the operator. But the curing room should lie tight and close, yet capable of ventilation. A good 8x10 pantry, or storeroom, such as may lie found in most well-built farm houses, would answer. 2. Fixtures, machinery, etc.: A cheese vat, consisting of a wooden box lined with tin. with a small fur nace underneath; a press with one or more screws similar to a cider-press > healhty s rat no worm. _ prolific, and fur nish' the finest “marbleized” hams. For a general stock hog they can hardly be surpassed. They, too, are inclined to be carnivorous, and should not he brought into too intimate relations with young fowls, lambs and kids. The Es sex are emphatically lot hog*. They are •low and uncertain breeders. They ar* somewhat sluggish, and always Hi. They are gentle, kind and indisposed to extensive foraging. They can easily he made to weigh 150 to 25b pounds when one year old, a size admirably adapted to the table wants of a farmer on a small scale. tiding t „ > show the capabili ties of Georgia outside of our previous agricultural policy. The line now being pursued will. I believe, result in great benefit, and I hope onr fanners will en deavor to profit iiv the experience of the fann established for their benefit. A word in this report as to the way in which tlio station was established may not be amiss. The land was do nated by the jieople of Spanding county, and the" state has appropriated $15,000, expended principally for improvements <»f a permanent character, ns the government appropriation permits only a small portion of its annual appropria tion to lie used for that purpose. The ten thousand dollars came out of the fees arising from the inspection of ferti lizers. mid so was no addition to the general tax. The station is operated and maintained by |15,000 annually set aside by congress for that pnrp<ise. The change in the law in regard to the . fees of oil inspectors furnishes a source of revenue from these inspections. The object of the law is to prevent the sale of oil nnd other explosive substances of so low a grade that life and property would lie endangered. In addition to this the department has been able to secure oil of a better burning finality where poor oil lias lieen shipi»ed in the state. The object and aim of the department in sending out seed is not as some sup pose. simply to furnish seed for ordi nary farm and garden purposes, but to and a thermo; for a dairy of less than $!•>:». 8. The process of cheesemaking is, briefly, as follows: The night’s milk is kept in a cool place until morning, when it is mixed with the morning's milk and all ponred into the cheese vat and heated up to a temperature of eighty-four degrees. A small quantity of prepared reilnet (ren- netine) is then added and the milk is constantly but gently stirred (to prevent the cream from rising) until it com mences to thicken. In about forty min utes the milk will liecoine solid, it cur dles (you would call it clabber, or sweet about the size and shape of dice—by means of the enrd knives, which is done in a few moments. The heat is then in creased until the enrds show a tempera- to cause the pieces of curd to tract, thereby expelling the whey. The whey is then drained away, and is used to feed pigs, young calves, etc., being fattening food. The curd is now salted at the rate of one-half onuco of salt to the pound of enrd. and the latter is enclosed in a press cloth and put into the cheese hoop encourage the r WAYGROSS HIGH SCHOOL. THIS SCHOOL WILL. BEGIN ITS EIFTH YEAIi The Furth Mnday in September. W. P. LEE Additions have been made to the building, which is now ce il pressed until the whey pel led, which will be iu abont twenty minutes. The? cheese is now removed from the press hoop, the press cloth re-.- . -- „ . , . moved, nnd the permanent doth “ban- y inspectors. lie glanced at dage” put on. anil then returned to the The trades unionist operatives of Lon don belonging to such guilds of artisans as the Amalgamated Society of Engi neers, the Carpenters and Joiners, the Bricklayers, are the aristocracy of labor, better off on the whole than the other workmen of Europe, as well off as the best of those working in the United States or Canada, inferior in their social position among the workmen of the world only to those of the Australian colonies. The problems which we can not solve in London concern the skilled laborers and the women workers, for even skilled or half skilled women are ground down by competition to wretched wage. There are skilled needle women em ployed on •‘fancy” apron making paid 2s. Gd. for twelve dozen, able to make fonr dozen in a day by good work. The matchbox makers receive 2‘£d. for 144 boxes, they finding the tow and paste and fuel for the drying that is needed in damp weather. They work hard for twelve to fourteen hoars a day, and their earnings avenge Gs. to 7s. a week. Sackmaking, tobacco sorting, paper bog making, book folding, rag sorting are on the average no better paid, and there ore in London in these and similar em ployments and in confectionery factories vast numbers of women earning but from 10d. to Is. a day, although they have to display some skill.—Sir Charles Dilke in Harper's Weekly. An Interesting Phenomenon. An amusing story is told in connectior with Professor Henry, of the Smithso nian institution, who died some fourteen years ago. It is told by a gentleman who once traveled from Montreal to Bos ton with the professor. He says that while they were waiting for a steamer the professor was talkative and commu nicative in liis quiet way, and was full of incidents of travel and adventure. Soon the steamer appeared in sight, and while she was approaching ns the professor sat upon the wharf, looking dreamily at her. Presently he aroused himself and said: ‘•I see a peculiar sparkle of the waves near the side of the steamer, where the tun shines upon her.” (It was almost sunset.) “1 wonder what the cause of it is? 1 have seen phosporesceut light be fore, but never exactly like this. And see, there it is also upon the other, the darker side of the steamer. Well, cer tainly that is very curious!” We all looked. ludeetl it did seem remarkable. First upon the bright side of the steamer and then upon the dark side wonlil appear these enrions flashes of light and disappear almost instantly. They seemed to come at regular inter vals, and it was a strange amt beautiful sight. Our reveries were presently disturbed by the approach of one of the customs with some Lookin at #400 PUPILS.#' The building is well furnished throughout. The coTps of teachers have been ad ded to and strengthened, and the aim has been to get Tbe Very Best Instructors Regardless of Eipense. No School in Georgia Holds a Higher Bank for Thorough ness in the Branches Taught Waycross is very healthy and board may be obtained at REMSONHBLE RHTES. i of national reputation Rates of Ttiltioxi Low. For further information apply to the undersigned. H. W. REED, Pres. Board of Education, or J. M. MARSHALL, Sec’y. Board of Education, Is supplying the public with ♦ Groceries, Hay and Grain, Canned Goods, AND EVERYTHING KEPT IN A FIRST-CLASS GROCERY. A Fine Line of Tobacco and Cigars. NEXT DOOR NORTH < T. E. Lanier's Jewelry Establishment Quality First-Class. CaU and be Convinced. PRICES THE LOWEST. -w. P. LEE. » of well, selected seed, test the” value of different varieties, direct the attention of the farmers to other brandies of agricnltnre. so that whether certain Jfops can lie grown profitably can lie ascertained, nnd to introduce seed thnr have lieen tested and found of superior value. LITERATURE. The reports sent out by the one to give the farmer* information, not only on the condition of the crops and the proepect yield, but also such informa tion as will lie useful on the farm, the department endeavors to make these reports timely and we would be glad to receive from fanners succiuct reports of experiments or unusual results ob tained by certain methods of culti ation. At any and all times the department in willing to give any information at its command, or communicate with the department nt Washington when neces sary to ascertain any matter abont which there may be an inquiry. It is onr desire to make the department beneficial to the fanners outside of the supervisions of inspections, and by every means at our command to advance practical agricnltnre. In this work we ask the co-operation and support of the farmers of the state. lUt«r Making In Georgia. RY HON. R. T. NESBITT. COMMISSIONER OK AGRICULTURE OP GEORGIA. From th • Southern Cultivator. . On a recent visit to Griffin, while at tending the meeting of the board of directors of the experiment station, I was very much interested in examining into the details of the cheese-making experiment now being tried there. This industry has never been thoroughly tested in Georgia. Indeed, it has Been supposed heretofore that the difficulties, climatic and otherwise, here surround ing successful and profitable cheese- making. were too numerous to be easily overcome. But a careful review of these difficulties, and a somewhat ex tended study of the farm experiment, has convinced me that the beginning of this industry will open another source of income to out formers, and its bene fits will be felt, not only in the actual cash it may bring in, but in the improve ment of onr stock and lands as well. The establishment of cheese factories and creameries in every neighborhood where they con be supported means a steady and reliable market for milk, much of which is now wasted. It also means more and better stock, and in the natural sequence of farm economy there follows more green crops, more and bet ter home manure, and, crowning ad- Iol “ e , w . „ vantage of all, improved and improving j new avenues of work and fur- lands mshes fresh sources of income, is a The arrangements for a cheese factory, I blessing, and we need all the help which unlike sortie other of the smaller indue- h cmnbtnatinn* mav afford ns. hoops and pTess. where it is pressed with the full force of the press screw and a three-foot lever—the firmer the better. The cheese usually remains in the press until next day. or say eighteen hours, when it is marked with date of making and placed on a shelf in the cur ing room to be tnrned over every day and rubbed with the hand. The curing room should lie kept at abont the tem perature of seventy or seventy-five de grees by opening windows and doors at night and closing up during the day. The cheese will be ready for nse in from three weeks to several months, ns may be determined by the maker during the process of making. 4. In the south the months of March, April, May, Jnne. August, September and October ore tbe best cheese making months, but cheese may be made at any season. Usually cheese is made in spring, summer nnd fall, and butter in w _ profitable tc sell milk than either butter or cheese; but milk will keep only a few hours, and cannot be sent long distances. There fore the milk market is easily glutted. Butter-making is the better way where a large number of cows is kept and the local market not reliable for milk. Generally cheese-making will be found more profitable than either when operating with a good sized herd. G. In Georgianine and one-half pounds of milk are required to make one pound of cured cheese. 7. As before stated tbe curds may be manipulated a) to make a long keeping or abort keeping cheese—say from three to four weeks to six months may inter vene between making and marketing according to the will of the maker. When a cheese becomes ripe, or ready for eating, and it is desired to hold it for a better market, it must be kept in a cool room—if summer time in “cold storage.” At the last meeting of the board of directors of the Experiment Station, it was determined that at the state fair to beheld iu Macon"in the coming Octo ber. the station cheese factory shall bo in daily operation. Many persons who could not otherwise have an opportunity of witnessing the practical working of such a factory, can there study every item of labor, experience, etc. The field is open to any enterprising person, and I trust such will take hold and make it remunerative to themselves and to the farmers. Every enterprise which tries, do not require any considerable- outlay of capital, and while neatness and core are essential, the conditions are such that cheese of excellent qual ity can be successfully made at far less risk titan -wlu .-e the milk is sent any distance to market, or where butter is tbe product. Iu the first case, that is where the milk is marketed at any dis tance. there is the danger of souring, particularly in mid summer. In the such combinations may afford t Three Dreed* *f Swlao." A recent bulletin issued by the Louis iana Experiment Station gives the fol lowing results of their experiments, with three lireds of swine: There has been more demand for red Jersevs than for either of the other two. The Berkshire and Essex seem to be in about equal favor. The red Jerseys are great consumers with rapid growth and full development in flesh and fat food moouJ. that is, where tbe proluct is to ; , be butter, the variations of the cream j consumed. They are hardy, good rust- os to quality and quantity, owing some- i lew and prolific, raising os high as three times to weather conditions, or other , Utters per annum. With an abundance circumstance* equally beyond control. ; of food they are rapid pork makers, often cause disappointment. In keep- j They ore, however, ommverous, and tag cow* for cheese-making, the factory t will eat a chicken, lamb or kid, when- being established, the farmer sells milk j ever permitted. This is a serious ob- at so much the pound, which is returned j jection to thesmoU farmer and his good pric. tafixrf; tb» curiosity and then said, them flashes?” “Yes,” replied the professor, rousing himself from his absorbed meditation ot the phenomenon; “1 wonder what they are.” “Oh,” said the inspector carelessly, “them’s hot ashes they're throwin out of the ash pits.” The professor was nonplused for a moment. Then he recovered hi* senses and said quietly, “Well, well, live and learn—live and learn!” and laj«sed intc silence.—Youth’s Companion. A Serious Casa. Uncle Silsvs was a very honest and pious old colored man who preached on Sundays nud had a great influence foi good upon the others in the settlement. During one of his revival seasons, among a dozen or so at the mourners’ bench Was a black boy called Eph, about twenty year* old and for a long time unregeuerate. Uncle Silos was greatly rejoiced to see him come forward, and at once went to him. Eph was crying. “Hain’t no use in my comta up,” he sobbed, “l’se sinned away de dayob grace.” “No, you ain’t, brndder," protested Uncle Silas. “Yonamde kin whatde Lawd wants to save. All you got to do is to gib up sin.” •Tse dun dun dat, Uncle Silas,” sobbed Eph. “but dey ain’t uo salvation fer me.” “I done stole fou’ chickens las* week.” confessed the penitent Dai’s all fuggib, Eph’m." ‘But dem two was you’n, Uncle Silt*. Dem fat pallets you low’d so much sto* by, Uucle Silas.” Wba’ dat?” exclaimed Uncle Silas Silas,” .obbed Eph. Uncle Silas beK*me solemn and stern. “1 reckon, EphTn,” he said slowly, “you* case needs advisement wid pra’r. I ain’t sho dat we wan ter be clutterin up de kingdom of bebben wid chicken thieves, an you better stay right moTiers’ bench till de meetta am done, and we kin dezamine you state obsin for pert icklers.”—Detroit Free Press. Queer Feed. The hedgehog figures frequently in sylvan repasts, though he is hardly big enough to be sent to table as a pigce*“fle resistance. The primitive manner of cooking it supersedes tbe most costly re finements of elaborate batteries de cui sine. The elephant's foot, or rather the slice below the pastern, which is a fa mous dainty in eastern hunting camps, is treated on precisely similar principles, which shows that the simplest cookery of all nations has much in common, like their folklore. Shakespeare’s British hedgepig, like its cousin, the porcupine, is shrouded in a plastic tenement of clay. Then he is laid to temporary rest in a bed of smol dering cinders. When supposed to be done to a turn, tbe dwarf pig is dug up, and then the prickly skin is detached with the splitting of the case of clay. All the generous juices, with their bou quet, have been confined and transfused. —London Saturday Review. HAPPY!! NO NAME FOR IT! This Gentleman has found the most extensive and complete es tablishment of any kink in Way- cross. A regular MULTTJMIN PARVO. Where they make anything in wood from a Pine Plank to an to an Elaborate Sideboard in the highest style of art. GOOD SOLID ICE . Delivered at your door or shipped \ in any quantity, anywhere. ELECTRIC LIGHTS For Street, Store or Dwelling. We refer to the Satilla Manufacturing Company, WHOSE OFFICE AND WORKS ARE IN WEST WAYCROSS. Fancy Furniture, Moulding, all kinds of Wood Carving aud Turning. Two immense dry kilns. Bone Dry Lumber Dressed and worked. Sto\e wood at your door at $1.00 for for two-lioTse wagon load. Agent for Fay’s manilla bnilding paper. ». GOT STUCK By not going to J. T. PALMER’S Shoe Store. money or • market Brunswick and Western Railway. Time Table. In Effect Hay 8th, 1882. Subject to Change Without Notice. From Brunswick to Albany. BEAD DOWNWARD. From Albany to Brunswick. 10 10 10 30 sll 20 f 3 20 345 4 30 2 10 225f 8 36 s 8 11 2 40 f 8 41 0 40 055 slO 25 10 45 11 15 11 35 11 45 11 55 fll 07 fU 10 sll 29 fll 43 11 51 312 07 f!2 25 ...Eleven Mile Turnout... .........Waynesvilie......... -Atkinson ............Lulaton - — Nahunta — Hoboken - Schlatterville—...... WAYCROSS Waresboro— Millwood McDonald- -Kirkland .... Westonla— ....- W illacoochee— . sl2 09 Alapaha- .......—Brookfield........... , .Sumner— Poulan........ ............ Isabella............ ........ Willingham.......—. Daria— 165 Mile Pout Junction 3 00 Albany... Don’t fail to come and see my shoes aud get my prices before buying. I sell Laird, Schober & Mit- chell’s Fine Shoes i^^adies J. T. PALMER, Owens Block, 3d door from cor. K. Took, Jb.. Manager. Give me a trial nml 1m> convinced. R. B. KEENE, Plumbing, Gas Fitting, TIN. SHEET IRON ANI) COPPER WORK- STEAM FITTING A SPECIALTY. TIN ROOFING AND JOB WORK. dealer ik Pumps, Pipe, Steam, Cai* anil Water Fitting. Wells Driven at Short Notice, and Every Well GUARANTEED. Plant Avenue, Near Canal W aj’cross, G eorgia. E. H. CRAWLEY, Sr, HEADQUARTERS FOR GILLON & HUDSON, FOUNDERS AND MACHINISTS, - • WAYGROSS, GEORGIA. IT AVING added all necessary Machinery to onr shop, we IT are now prepared to do all kinds of casting, repairing and general work-on Locomotives. We also carry in stock Stationary and Saw Mills, Piping, Belting, Pulleys, Hangers and Brass Cocks of all kinds. We make a specialty of SYRUP MILLS AND KETTLES. ALL WORK GUARANTEED. GIVE US A TRIAL AND BE CONVINCED. EJlIllaSSSS- his only cars i* to produce the milk in qualities. They are excellent foragers, nlll _ sufficient Quantities to oar him tar ths and when crossed on the native give. 1 Prtmttwg * Specialty. CASON & MILLER, Groceries, Hay, Grain, Flour and Butter are Specialties. Court House Square. Waycross, Georgia Furniture, Stoves, Dry Goods, Notions. ALSO A COMPLETE LINE OF SHOES, HATS, CROCKERY AND HARDWARE. As I desire to give the people the benefit of my cj,«h trade, all Furniture and Stoves will lie sold low down for cash, will do well to state that they intend to pay cash, Prices. IX BF. PLEASED TO PRICE QOOTVH AT ANY TIME. Parties desiring to purchase these good* as to get the lienefit of Cash Court House Squai’e. Western Furniture Co. BABY ENJOYS SOLID COHTOST m “PATENT PALACE SLEEPING COACH.” The “Palace Sleep. . ig Coach” adjust* itself automatically ^Furniture, Bedding, Carpets, etc. ever ready soft, cool teat, or bed. It lengthens 1* inches, a for older children. Tbe “Palace Sleeping Coach" will quiet the „ Installment Plan, amiable; thus shaping iU destiny, temper, char acter, success, health and haffmesst o home. »*H home, like thee there is no place, ill when cheered byjaaby’s happy fort nothing Coach.’ smiling fact. And yet in bliss ant A Patent”l*alace Sl< Special Prices For Cash. HERSCHKOVITZ BROTHERS. December 26-tf