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THE DAWSON WEEKLY JOURNAL
by PERRYMAN & fuCKER.
Jjtooa aSUdiln ionnul,
Published Every Thursday.
j'KßJUS—Strictly in Advance.
Three months 00 75
Si* months >1 25
On* year M 00
Rate* of •Advertising :
One dollar per square of ten lines for the
first insertion, slid Seventy-five dents per
square for each subsequent insertion, not ex
ceeding three.
Oae square three months f 8 00
ons square six months 12 00
One square one year 20 00
Two squares three months 12 00
Two squares six months 18 00
Two squares one year. 80 00
Fourth of a column three moths 80 00
Fourth of a column six mouths 50 00
Half column three moths 45 00
Half column six months 70 00
One column three months 70 00
On* column six months 100 00
Liberal Deductions Jttade on
Contract
Legal Advertising.
Sheriff’s Sale., per levy, $2 50
Mortgage Fi Fa Sales per square 6 00
Citations for Letters of Administration, 3 00
•* “ “ Guardianship, 800
Dismision from Apministration 6 00
“ Guardianship, 4 00
Application for leave to sell land, 0 00
Safes of Land, per square,. * 00
dries of Perishable Propcrtv per squ’r, 8 00
No l ices to Debtor* ami Creditors 3 50
Foreclosure of Mortgage, per square, 2 00
Kstray Notices, thirty days, 4 00
Jloit tl'ork of every description e»e
cniedwith neatuess and dispatch, at moderate
rites.
RAIL - ROAD GUIDE
(••nlliwaleni Railroad.
Wit. UOI.T, Pres. | VIRGIL POWERS. Sup
Leave Maenn 5.15 A. At ; srrive at Go'em
huu 11.15 A. At ; Leive G’oln-bus 12 45 P.
At ; at rive at Macon fi 20 P At.
Leaves Macon 8 A At ; arrives at Eu
(aula 5 30, P M ; Leaves Euf.tula 7 20, A 11 ;
Arrives at ilacmi 4 50, P M.
ALBANY BRANCH
Leaves Suiidiville 1 46, P M ; Arrives at
Albany 8 11, P M; Leaves Albany 9 35, A M;
Arrives at Smith villa 11, A M.
Leave Cuthbert, 3 57 P M. ; arrive at Fort
G tins 5 40 P. Jf ; le ave Fort Gains 7 05 A
Jf.artive at Duthlocrt 9.05 A. At.
iHacoii «fc VTc'tcni Railroad.
A A. WIUrF. President.
]!. WALKER, Superintendent.
PAY I'ASSESCJKR TKAIN.
Leaves Macon . . . 7 80 A. M.
Arrives at Atlanta . • . 1 57 P. M.
Leaves Atlanta . . . 6 55 A. 11.
Arrives at Macon . . . 1 30 P. M.
NIGHT TRAIN.
Leaves Macon . . . 8 45 P. M.
Arrives at Atlanta • . 4 50 A. M.
Leaves Atlanta • • 8 10 P. M.
Anivea at Macon • . • 125A. M.
Western & Atlantic Railroad.
CAMPBELL WALLACE, Sup’t.
pay passenger train.
Leave Atlanta . . • 845A. M.
Leave Dalton .... 2.30 P. M.
Arrive at Chattanooga • . 5.2a P. M.
Leave Chattanooga . . 8.20 A. M.
Artirs at Atlanta . . . 12.05 P. M.
NIGHT TRAIN.
Leave Atlanta . . . 7 00 P. M.
Arrive at Chattanooga . . 4.10 A M
Leave Ci'atianoog* . . 4 30 P. M.
Arrive at Delton . . . 7 50 P. M.
Arrive at Atlanta . . , 1 41 A. M.
gusitttjSiS <6arAs.
DRS. HODNETT & PERRYMAN
HaVLVG formed a co-pa rtner.'hip in the
practice of Jfedicine, offer their Pro-
IVasional services to the public, and as expe
rienced Physicians in all the branches
tbeir profession, confidently anticipate that
their former success will insure a liberal share
of practice.
The cash system having been established
in everything else, all bills will be considered
duo as soon as a case is dismissed.
Orricx—Until further notice, in the front
room of tho “Journal” building, upstairs.
W. H. BODNKTT,
J L. D. PERRYMAN.
Daweon, Qa , June l;t|
DR. It. X WARNOCK,
Ot FERIa his Professional srrvices to the
citizens of Chickasawhatchee and its
viainily. From ample experience in both
citril and Military practice, he is prepared to
treat successfully, cases in every denartment
of hi* profession. ' jin]6’Cßif
C. B. WOOTEN,
ATTORNEY AT LAW,
liateson, Ga.
J*nl« 18(58 It
®. i gcm.it wild c. clitilan,
GURLEY & CLEVELAND,
A TTORiYEVS A T LA IP,
•Vlffonf, Itakfr C’oienltfi Ga.
I. ll PLANT & SON,
Rankers & ISrokers,
(Office in Tiret National Bank Building,)
Ent.„nee on Cherry st.. MACON, GA.
WU't purchase and sell Bonds, Stocks,
." Gold, Silver and Bank notes, and make
investments for parties, as tliev may direct.
I. C. Plant, Morris Kitchcm, New York,
Koriht B. Plant. june4Sm
BVrNTGON’S hotel
(Opposite The Paeeenger Depot.)
ttACOT, - - orORCIt.
J ® open for the reception of visitors.
~ Having spared no expense in furnishing
this Bouse new throughout, and determined
that the Table and Bar ahall be inferior to
n "°* in ths South, I feel confident that I can
°k F eWI patrons and the public all that
•hey can wish in a Hotel. CMH and see me.
J. 1,. BYINGTON,
febJOßna {.ate of Port Valley, Ga.
Dawson Business Directory,
Dry Goods HI ore tin nits.
I )RATT, T. .1. Dealer in all kinds of
1 Dry G oods. Main Street.
OK R, ItltO W N * CO., D. alersTn
Fancy and Staple Drv Goods, Mam st.,
under “Journal” Printing Office.
SI ESC 1,, S. HI. A ItltO., Dealers
in Foreign and Domeatlc Dry Goods,
Cothing, Boots, Shoes, Hats, Trunks, &0.,
3rd door from Hotel, Main st.
IOVEESS * GltirFlH, Dealers
J in Staple Drv Goods and Groceries.
nOKEKTA, .fi. W. <V CO., Deal-
IA era In Fancy and Staple Dry Goods,and
Groceries, North West corner Public Square.
]) EE *• l„ ES, XV. .Tl., Dealer in ,S’ aple
and Faucy Dry Goods, Loyless 1 Block,
Main street.
PULTOH, J. A., Dealer in Btcon,
Flour. Meal and Provisions generally, at
Sharpe & Brown’s old stand, M tin st.
HOOD, B. 11., Dealer in Groceries and
Familv Mioolies generally, next door to
'Journal” Office, Main st.
fAREER & SIMMONS, Grocery
VT and Provision Dealeis, South side P ub
lie Square.
A MS Alt fti, Dealers
in Groceries and Provisions, opposite
/’uhlic Square, Main st.
A LLXAHDER A. PARROTT,
x A Dealers in Dry Goods, Cvroeeries and
Provisions, 2nd door from lintel, lift in st.
\I/OOTE.H, Will., Deale, in Groce
v T ries and Jhovtsions, Loyless Block,
Main street.
loYEiES***, J. E., Dealer in Groce
A rie-* and Provisions, Jfain st.
T 1.. Tl< Kill A BKO., Gro
-11 • cers and Commission J/.-rcbauts, Jfain
Street,
Druggist.
f t IJCATII ,4 *l, C A., Druggist and
Physician. Keep* a good supply ot
Dings and Medicines, and prescribes lor all
the ills that (i sh is heir to. At his old stand,
the Red Ding Store, Main st.
Wit lehoMses.
PULTON, ,B. A., at Sharpe & Brown’s
1 old stand, Main street.
IOYEESS ft GiRIFFINi, ’Whip
.j house and Commission Merchants, Jfain
street.
HlilliiK't-r.
WU,ET.4HISt»N, iMESS HIOL
II EEC, keeps constantly on hand the
latest styles of Ha's, Bonne's, Dress Trim
tilings, Ac , Loyless Block, Jfiin st.
AA'ateh licptlirer.
VIXEN, JOIST P., will repair
Watches, Cloeks, Jewelry, Jfu-ic Books,
Acco U ; ons, Ac , always to fie fount} at his
old stand, on Notil, side of Public Square
Livery klnblcs.
P.IRHI'HI & MS tSS3»E, R.le and
1. Livery Stable, Horses and Mules for
sale and hire Horses boarded. North side
Public Square.
| )It l.\CE, V G. at .1. K. , Sale and
l Livery Stable, and dealeis in Horses and
Mulis. Carriages, Buggies arid Horses for
hire. Horses boa tiled on reasonable uruis
at their new Stable on Main at.
Tobaccojiist.
I EAVES, AA r . TANARUS., Keeps constantly on
J hand, nil grades of Tobacco, at Alexan
der A Parrott’s, Main street.
Gutiymith.
SMITH, J. O. S, Dealer in Gtins,
_ Pistols, Cape, Cartiidges, and spotting
goods gene ally, Main st.
Snluon.
WARI>, PAIKICK, Dealer in fine
VV Wines and Liquois, Cigars, &c , J/iiiist.
Tannery and Mioc Shop.
LKIC, W. W., Shoe A/mulactorv, on
South side Public Square.
Cabinet §liop.
R AHMUi.tBGKU, KOGEUS &
CO., are prepared to make and tepair
anything in the Furniture line. South side
Public square.
HEwSSTca
FACTORS
and
Commissi on Me r cli ant s,
OFFICi No 3 Stoddard’s Lower Range,
July 30 tl SAVANNAH GA-
Correspondent at Dawson, Ga., S. Tt VY KSTO.N
D. It. Adams, Os Eatonton, Ga.
H. K. W’nshburn, Os Savannah, Ga.
A A. Adams, (Jt Amerieus, Ga.
From the Augusta Chronicle and Sentinel.
great speech
OF
HOIK. ROBEKT TOOMBS
AT
Atlanta, Ga., July 23, 1868.
Mr Toombs, alter thanking the aud
ience for their kin ly gseotings. and
congrutulat ng tho country upon tho
presence on the occasion of so great and
I enthusias ie it multitude of her het-t cit
izens, proceeded to any hut few na
tions have vvhol y escaped the rnv.ges
and ruin of war usually inflicted by the
insolent and triumphant invaders; few
l er s nli, the sterner and hitter corse of
I c j v il w 'nr. The histories of the great-
I est and the most enduring nations of
the earth are tilled with defeats ns
well as victor ee, sufferings as well
ag happiness, shame and reproach as
well as honor and glory Puritioati n
in the crucible of adversity, in the tiery
ftirnace of indivi toui and national suf
ferings, seems to be the price of the
penalty of national greatness Through
this testralion have passed the nations
whose power and genius have govern
ed, whose es atence has blessed, and
w hose wisdom still guides aud directs
the world ; through this testration have
passed the ilustrious men whose
names have passed tho illustrious meg
DAWSON,
yrln.se until-8 li.r o lioon cillinnizeti !> y
mtttikind, tho masters of fortune and
the fntes, the favorites of ull the gods,
the few immortal names which were
not born to die. The heroic struggles
of the great and the good, tho brave
and true men of the world, in nil ages
and countries, in the face of the great
est and •asters, in behalf of home and
country and (he rights of mankind, are
the noblest legacies left by the past to
tho present general ion ot men; they
are trophic* of which poor humanity
may we I he proud--trophies worthy
to be laid at the leet of Jehovah
T hat is a bright page in Homan his
tory which narrates that when thou
sands of her most gallant and distin
guished youths were slain, her veteran
legi ns broken and scattered, and 'be
victorious enemy was marching upon
her capital, marking their pathway by
tiro and sword, with nothing to re'ard
his progress but a stern old warrior
and patriot wh se chief resources lay
in his unconquerable wilj..the Homan
Senate met and first ordered propitia
tory secrilic s to the gods and then
voted the thanks of Home to the de
feated leader of her armies for no 1 de
spairing of the Republic From that
hour th • star of Hannibal “culminated
from the Equator.” Ihe people im
bibed the spirit of the conxerip lathers;
courage and hope drove out tear and
despair, und Home was Baved. Men
and women o'. Georgia, you, too, de
serve the thanks of your c umtry for
tne evidence you give this day that
you have not despaired of the Repub
lic, tnough despoiled, plundered, and
manacled, your spiiits are unbroken
and that you yet have heart and mpe
to make new sacriti es, ye-, all sacri
fi, es to regain your lost liberties anu t .
redeem your country from bondage,
ft has rarely happ lied in he annals
of time that any people were ever call
ed Uj on to gr.ipple with so gteal a cri
sis as that which is now impend ng
over the people of the Confederate
Slates. Alter aga Int but unsucces
lul conflict in the noblest and ho iest
cause loi which patriot t lood was ever
shed—the cause ot inalienable rights
of man, the liberty of a free people,
and the sovereignty ot tne Sta es—nt
the end ot four years these people
fund th .mselves surrend tred to vic
torious foes whose armies embraced
ail colors, and tongues, and races of
men under the sun, tigli ing under the
flag ol the United States The terms
which were granted to the vanquished
neither won their gra itude nor excit
ed ti eir admiration Trio manner in
w hich th se terrnsJiuve been observed
has even t xcited the indignation of the
biave and the generous w tioee conduct
courage, and blood achieved the con
quest. ’Those w hose b aoes glittered
m tne foremost ranks of tho 'Federal
army on tho battle tie.d, with a yet
higner and nobler courage, scorn the
base uses to which the victory has
been applied, and now demand that
the rights of the vanquished shall be
respected that these wrongs shall be
redressed, and that justice shall bo
done.
This means peace—-honorable peace
—peace built upon the deep founda
tions of eternal justice. This demand
came none too soon for the piublic saf ■
ty. Ihe avenging Nemesis winch fol
lows in the train of conquest is already
confronting the viotois in the shape of
the Kudieul party. Horn in sectional
ha-red, which it has ever assidious
|y cultivated; nurtured by the evil pas
sions which that hatred engendeis,
reared to is present dangerous pro
por-ions by the lawlessness et civil
war an J ihe general disorders of tho
times, this monster has become the
great danger to the whole common
wealth. Its thirst for power and plun
der bus not even been fatigued, much
less appeased, by its tyrannies, i s rob
beries, and its ruin ofthe South ; there
fore, to gratify these unholy passions
it has conspired to seize supreme pow
er by trend and foice, and to erect a
military despotism upon the rums of
c, nst'tiitional liberty. Jo oppose thess
dangers, the Democracy of the United
S ates recently met in the city of New
York, aud with them also assembled
the represen atives of millions ol citi
zens, who hitherto claimed no special
alliance with that party as a political
orguniza ion. It and men have conspired
to overthrow Irt e Constitutions ; good
men hwvu united to preset ve them,
and, under too flag ol tho Democracy,
invite your co operation
The Democracy have arranged this
faction heioru the grand i que» o the
nation for high crimes and misdemean
ors. Y«m are itusem led as a part ol
that grand inquest to hear ihecba ges,
specltlcalions ant proofs, and to give
true deliverance bmweeli the criminals
and the conn ry. lhe declaration of
pi iucip es adopted by tho Convention
t.as tho great merit ot clearness and
cer ainty upon all the issues which are
h.», Iv to enter into tbe political canvass.
It gives on no uncettaio sound, the
old SSmbboletlis of liberty ate again
pioccluimed us living principles; what*
wver else may he lost, ‘ tho supremacy
ol the civil over the military power,’’
• Magna Chart, r,” trial by jury, the
Constitution have survived tue conflict
ol arms, and still live, at least, in tho
heart of the Democratic party 'I liese
are principles wh ch concern the col
)ec iv * body of the w fade people. I
will not altemp , on tt,is occasion, to
review ail the questions of principle
and policy submitted by the Conven
tion to the judgment of the people, but
shall confine my elf mainly to the ex
amination and defense of the one w hich
most vitally aftec s your interest nnd
the happiness of your posterity. We
have now bu; small concern with the
questions arising out of the public
debt, except so far as the mode of pay
merit may effect tho general industry
of the country, and we prefer to leave
ah disputed questiun» wm, those who
■ contracted the debt. /
The one great question which with
you awu'lowcd up tho rest wag the va
lidity of a series of edicts commonly
known a* the Congressional plan ol re
construction. The recognition of these
measures by the Democratic party was
impossible. Every Democrat in both
Houses of Congress had voted against
them and declared them unconstitu
tional and void ; the Democrats in nil
the State Legislatures, in local conven
tions, and in every form of party ac
tion, had stamped them with just con
demnntion ; yet, although die country
had a right to expect it, the unani
mous declaration of the National Con
vention that these “acts” (so-called)
were usurpations, unconstitutional,
revolutionary nod void, sent a thrill of
j y ti rough the millions of hear sand
brought counties- blessings upon the
bends of the noble representatives of
the feci less and Ind mailable Democra
cy. The n-tirpi rs until then, had
hoped that these gigantic wrongs, be-
ing once uecurnpli.-hed, might find se
curity in their magnitude, or toleration
in the pretended dangers of their erad
ication. This grand declaration of the
Democracy di.-pe’s a I such illusions.
Let it be confirmed by the pe pie of
lie United States, and all the.-e mis
erable nto kerica called reconstructed
States, erected by fraud and force
again-.' the consent of the people and
in defiance ot the Constitution, will
[ ass away—| erish without u struggle.
Tl is plan leaves no room for differ
ence of opinion nr action among patri
ots, wlne is immediate evils tail wi h
crushing weight up n you, sis ultimate
effects will “equally disastrous to con
stitutional liber y and free uovernni nt
in every prt of the Republic. It eor.
tains no principle, or policy, no pur
pose or ohj et to commend it to your
approval, nothing to mitigate your
B'ernest hostility to all of its provisions
In the ten States subject to their oper
ation th se edicts defeat all the right
ful purposes 'o set-arc with govern
merits w. re in ti'uYed omon; men,
nbo ish all securities to fife, liberty and
properly, all rights, all remedies, all
laws whatsoever, fitter civil or milita
ry. The Constitution and ins* of the
United States, the aws of nations,
tho Constitutions and laws of
the States all fuii before them, and
they erect in lieu thereof a ape ties of
military despotism hitherto rare in the
annals cf human crime ; a military tbs
potism freed from th forms of rni itary
udministiution, and without the r. -
straiuts of military or any o her law
whatever, organ zed anarchy upheld
an! adm nistereil by bayonets.’
These aie neither llie ordinary nr appropri
ate iimlrumentalities lor the construction ot
reconstruction of good Rocei n.iienl; that re
sult would be wholly iticoceisun' with the
g-Hnd design of the an:hoi solt ; is pyramid
ol iniquitlrs. 2’me g,aiid de-ign ii ilie pres
ervation and perpetuation of despotic power
in the hamis of the present dominant faction
in the United Stales. The difficulties in (lie
wav of this great work were not fully appre
ciated, or, peiliaps, foie.-een iu its inception.
Its authors seemed clearly to perceive that
no umouut of tyranny or torture, reward, or
punishments could induce the white popula
tion of the Iriomh lo c insumate the ruin of
public liberty. The <Aper inieut in Ttnnessee
had demonstrated that white men who had
faltered at the commission ot no other politi
cal crime recoiled from patricade. It became
necessary toirnpiove even oil that inly mod
el of a perfi ct commonwealth whitbihe Ilid
ical party had, as yet, constructed. Its main
delect rested at its foundation ; a sufficient
r.mount of ignorance, vice and pauperism
could not be luuna among the meanest ofthe
white race toin-urelts secuiity. These w ic
to be found in unlimited supply among ihe ne
gro race. Therefore, absolute negro supre
macy was decreed to be the comer sioue ol
the Cong essional plan of reconstruction, the
foundation rock of Radical despotism. The
simplest and most direct mode of reaching
negro supremacy iu the “iate rebel States,”
au ione it. entiie harmony with the genius ol
ihe plan, would have been to have eulrtn
chised all of the negro aud disfranchised all
ol the white race.
But it was determined by the assembled
wisdom of the paity that the plan (ould gain
iu safety w hat ii lost in simplicity and bold
ness, by tempering audacity with craft, ami
force with fraud. Hence they endeavored to
combine the while and the black elements in
Buch proportions as would give color lo the
claims ol assent to the plan by the white,
witaout endangering the complete aßcendan
cy if lire black lace. This was a point ol
great importance, and of some difficulty ; all
the complex machii.eiy of tile edicts was
adopted for adjustment. Tins solution was
sought in giving suftiage to all of the blacks,
and a limited puitiou ol the white people.
Tne natural rule of exclusion would seem to
have been, to have excluded the leaders ot
the Civil war, the civil and military ollioors
who gui led, drected, and upheld ibe Govern
mcni, and the boldest and bin vest ol its de
lond ra Such men had cer,aiuly the heat
chilli to be inscribed on this “roll of honor.’
While many such names are to be found on’
it not a s ngleotie was placed there for those
reas. ns Neither Mr. Davis nor Gen. Lee ate
excluded by reason ol tbeir propositions in,
or sei v ces, to the Ootifeuerate States ; they
are excluded solely ou the additional ground
that thev held ofli e under the Uuited Slates
bclore die war; the rule being that the bold
j„.. ol some S ate or Federal office beloie the
war is a necessary ingredient of disfranchise'
meul It seems to h .ve been considered lha
this rule would include a class softie early nu
m.rous to p.eseivr neg.o ascendancy, and at
the fame lime, sufficiently virtuous and tntel-
I teut to be unfit ms tumeuts ot tyranny
But to provide against me possioilily ol any
mistake on this decisive qu- anon ol numbers,
or any other unforeseen difficulties or oin s-
Sions Which might binder, delay, or defeat ttie
read/.toon ol the hopes of its authors, “this
nlan ’ was protected against tho dangers
which constitutionally beset ordioary iegi.-la
tion I< was placed under the special guar
dianship of is fathers, the leg.suHVe and par -
merit decreed that its po.t.le, “Hae the gates
of hell, should be always open, during the
parturition of this monster. Taieniat soltci
mde has been fully vma.e.ied b, the result,
ft has cost two extra sessions of Congress
and man* supplemental bill* to perfect the
scheme Other difficulties en.bairase, and “this
plan” of reconstruction. The president lieu
already declared his opposition <■" “ m able
and elabora e veto messages. The: command
of the military forces of the Un < ■ aud the
nower of appointing executive officers the
mstruments pLe.l in his hands by tb. b0,.-
Sou to iosme the faithful exeeut.ou ol
the laws were wrested from him, aud be waa
in effect deposed. The Supreme Court mtgh.
be called ou to examine into tnc cor.fo mny
,f these edicts to the organic law ; .1 seemed
reluctant 'o admit, that, die CaMtirutlnn was
either dead or dorntan', and therefore it was
not to be trusted with this question; the
agents of reconstruction were invested with
judicial as well as ex ocutive power, and com
manded to refuse obedience to all interference
with their acts by soy civil sulhoiity who
ever. The Courts were closrd. Congress et -
acts, expounds and executes the law?, and be
comes the embodiment of a perfect despot
ism the apology put fortli for these mens ires
by their authors i«, that ‘the late rebel States’
are not under the United States ; that they are
conquered .provinces, and that, therefore,
Congress has the absolute right to govern
them according to its own will and p'easure,
without any other restraint except that which
may bo imposed upon them by the
lawsof nations This involves tho prop
osition upon which ilia; be inq o*ed
upon them by the laws of nati ms.—
'1 ins involves the proposition upon
which ulono these measures can bo
austrined, that Congress is the solo ex
ponent of the will of tho conquering
people, and may rightfully make, ex
pound, and execute all laws which
they may deem necessary and proper
enforcing that will the rights to
w hich. just war give? birth belong to
tho nation Every nation exerc’scs
these, as well as ail other rights she
may possess, ace rding to the forms of
prescribed by herself. The rights ol
the nation cannot be exeercis and by any
one person, or any number of p, rsotm
what-ver, except by authority confer
red by the nation.
All the perious of Congress are de
rived fiom the constitution of the Uni
ted State a, and all of is acts, whether
intendel to operate within or without
its limits, whether over the corquerors
or the conquered, rest upon no other
legitimate authority. The laws of na
tions cannot change the organ c law of
the conqu r..rs, The organic l&w of
the Uuited States confers no executive
or judical power on Congress; its exer
cise of either is mere usurpation, bind
ing upon no persons whatever. If ihe
will of the conqueror be truly tho only
law of the conquered people, the same
law requires that wiil to be legally de
cs red. The judicial tribuala alone
have the right to deciJe*ut)un the validi
ty of these acts, whether or not they
arc liws, and the power is conferred
upon the President “to take care that
the laws be fathfully executed.” These
acts annul the powers ol these two co
ordinate and partments of the Qovtrment,
aud are therefore unconstitutional and
void, at-.d bnir g voi 1 they cannot declare
the will of the nation, and are theroforc
equally condemned ty the laws of na
tions It is not true that none but ley
al cit z us can claim the ben lit of the
laws of the ro quering nation. The
traitor can < nly be tried according to
the laws of tho country claiming his al
legiance ; the pirate, though the declared
enemy ot all mankind, can only bo tried
and punished according to the laws pre
l-eribid by the country of bis captors.
j Thus ir is clear that if the Constitution
•if the United States gives no rights to
the “late rebel States,” it certainly pla
ces serious impediments iu the path of
Radical tyranny.
This effort of th - Radical party to es
cap: the obligr'ions of the Constitution
strips them of til pretence of justifica
tion for the war. The posaitioo assum
ed by them and tbe whole war party in
tha North was that the Uuiou was in
dissoluble by tho terms of the c impact
for any cr.u cs whatever, and that, any
»Dd all efforts to dissolve it were merely
insurrec ion and rebellion, which subject
ed ail who aided and abetted thorn to
the pains and p mal ies of treason, and
C.rgrrss dcc’ared their of j ct« and pur
poses in waging war against us in tbe
following resolution :
“ Resolved , That the war is not waged
on our party in any spirit of oppression,
or for auy pur p >so of conquest, or for
interfering with tbe rights or established
institutions of these States, but to de
fend and maintain the supremacy of tho
Constitution, and to preserve the Union
with all the dignity and rights of the
several States unimpaired ’,
This resolution was adopted unani
mously. It is the only justification of
tha vrar which has ever been off red to
the public by the Government of the
United States. It is but a logical con
clusion from tbe cardinal principles ol
•he war party. If the late civil war wa;
only a rebellion it did not annul the
Coustitut on and laws of tho Uuited
Sra es iu the Con fed era e States. Tney
were neither dormant, displaced or sus-
I>euded. Their exetcise was simply re
sisted by i legal violence, and upon tho
suppression ot this illegal violence, tl ry
were as much the supremo laws of
Geuigiass of Mawsaebuiotln, they were
mas lull lorce aud opperation at the
end as in the begtuing of (be war. This
tneory was uuiversady announced aud
accepted by the Government and people
of the United States during the war,
aud seems to be still adhered to by its
xecutivc and judicial departments
Under it 11 a.tors, odd Da punished, tut
punisbmeut ohly by tho judgmeut of
their peers acd according lo the laws of
•he land. These laws secnrtd them
trials—spetd v, publ c, -.mpaiiial triale--
trials by jo J itidictnicni f .und in
t e district where the alleged crimes
wero committed, under it ooufiscatious
might take place, but confiscations after
inal and convicttoD, coutiscatious aceor-
Utug to the laws ol the land. Iu short,
According to this theory, the Uu.on was
Ui-V r dissolved, it was alr.aiy eous uot
ed and needed no reconstruction. But
the Radical party did need it.
Its iucompetenoj, its oorrujtion, its
venality, its tyrantes, its treaohery to
the Caucasian race, its patronage ol
vice and fraud, of crimes and ciimmals,
its crimes against humanity in its eff rts
to RuUcrt a.l the safeguards < f pets yual
security, and lo uproot the foundations
I free government, had strictly forfeited
all its claims to public confidence- It
then dctirminod to hold the supreme
p .vver in ite of the people. 1 hes*
I const- uction edicts wepc the first fruit s
lof this wicked conspiisoy, tiT* boldest
experiment upon the ititclligenco and
patriotism es the people. It is true
the timo was inauspicious, hostiiitie bad
ceased, tho acquesoenee of the people of
the South in the existing ot things was
oompl'teand universal. The laws of
the United States ware os safely admin
istered aud as quietly obeyed as they
had ever been before tbe war ; Conven
tions had been called, what are called
State Constitutions were formed under
the dictation of the Federal authorities,
and made to oonform to the new order
of things, aud was aequisced in the peo
ple Elections had beoc held, Senator*
and Representatives were elected and
uent to Oongre-s, and tho work of estab
lishing “practical rel.ti ms” seemed
accomplished. There appeared to be
no impediment in tbe way of restoring
the Union, except this Ilid ctl faction
ft, was very plainly perceived that.,
however niuoh this geneial pacification
might benefit the country, it would be
death to Kudioalism, nut a singlj elec
turial from this faction ciul i be safely
counted ou from tho Futomac to tea
liio (iraude. Tbe North was faltering,
tho South was los’, in the extremity of
their fortunes the conspirators, having
the absolute control of both branches
of Congress, dettrmiued to iuu or rum
the Republic. It. was difficult to find a
pretext sufficient to warrent the strio-
ttonl policy winch their necessities de
rnaudod. They were compelled to
seize upon a street riot between a few
negroes and white men at New Orleans
wt.ioh occured some) eight mouths before,
as the sole justification for tli6 subver
sion not ouly of the existing government
aud a 1 tbe laws of Louisiana, but alsi
tbe governments anil laws of nine other
States aguiust wham they could nut
even find the excuse of an assault aud
bat'ery upou a loya* Alric.tn. The edicts
are issued, ten States are pro.laimed
conquered provinces, and the will of
Congress declared to be th ir only law.
i have already cluwu yuu that what
evi r may be the rights of the conquerors
over the conquered people, these rights
belong to the eoiitjuoring nation—not to
any parieular branch of ihe Government
which they may have established—aud
chat these lights can only be exercised
according to the fundamental law of such
people, mat ihe fundamental law—the
Goustitution of the Uuited States—docs
not these powers upou Congress, aud
that the attempt by (J ingress to exercise
them is a sheer usurpation, imposing no
obligation upon either the conquerors or
tbe eoLqucred to übey tbeso arbitrary
edicts
I propose, in the next j lace, to inquire
what arc the rights of the conquerors
over conquered pc >ple, by the laws of
nations. Tbe assumption by this ignor
ant and infamous faction, au i their still
more ignorant and infumous allies in
the South, that conquest alone places
the lives, liberties, b nor and property
of the vatquishcd at tbe absolute dispo
sal of tho conquerors, has dj other
fiundation than the baseness nod turpi
tudo of its advocates, and ts a Itbt 1 upon
Nature and Nature's God. It is neither
sustained by principle or authority, aud
is condemned by all just men und ap
proved writers upon tne laws of nations,
1 rorn Cicero to James Longs treat, and
excluding the latter, there is »"
|,ruJtco current ut authority against this,
wicked perversion of public law. To
ame the excep ituis a painful one, not
that he is unyautboiity upon this sub
j -ot, but bccauso I would nut have him
tarnish his own laurels. I respect his
Courage, honor his davutioDS to a just
cause, aud regret his errors. It is true
that there have heretofore been wars,
sod such may occur again, whero the
principle contended tor by these conspi
rators and their allies may be justly ap
plied, and I wish to save the exception
to tbe general principle tor the bench;
of iboje whose crimes oserve, and whose
conduct provokes lis rigid enlorccmeni.
Such arc the rights ol war (not of peace}
agnust pirates and robbers, and other
outlaws, whose atrocities mark them as
cn uii sos the human race, and exclude
them, by the ludgcmcut of mankind,
from tbe ben- fits of the ivws of nations.
What condemnation, what punishment
couli ho greuv enough lor those oom
mundeiß of our aiatlas, th so lead, is of
our c .uusels wno thus cUaruclcrizcd the
late war among the States? What lower
deep can they find in this world or tbe
next.
The liws of nations, though wanting
iu tuo certain y of municipal laws by i
lesson of rui horttative tut ;r rotation,
ate H<t 1 iawr, they ate the ltwa ot nations
and ot G and ; divtue laws, the rock of
ages is their corner stone, and the golden
ruie is Ui.ir standard aud exponent.
Th y fix limi ts lo tLe rights of conquest,
and cstabiuh ruhsfor luu government
ot the cot queued beyond which he can
uitpass, without placing himself out
stdo of their protection. Tbt* ruie
measures his rights by ‘-the justice of
bis cause, aud h s necessary aelt-ioteuse. j
'L’uu wot id had no need to be told by j
the wise and good in nos Greece and j
liirne, by Put! udoil aud Groiius, Hur- i
latnaiqui, Vattei, and all other approved I
publicist's, “that tie who eugag s in war I
and rivt-s all ot his ju*t rtghts from the ■
justice ot LisjCauie, and itat wuoever,
loerefere, lakes up aims withoui just |
cause, can have no lights whiltvor;
that every act of hostility (e commits is I
an act of ii justice p* (Va te, book 3,
chap. 11) that ail of his victories are |
murders, and that ail ot his acquisitions
arc robberies.” That “it is curtain that j
no conquest ever auihonied a conqueror j
to govern any people lyi auuieally.” j
(Butlamsrqui, p. II) That “the most J
absolute sovereignty gives no right to
oppress those who nave sutrend fed ; ’
tuat ‘.the most absolute ctnqueror must
govern hs o nqu s s accord ng to the
ends f r vvhica c.v 1 g vernmeuts were
o.tabiished' among tn .n. (^Vattt 1, bool;
I 3, cb»}>. 13.)
Yol. 11l No, SO.
J hat “piiv*to ptrprty is tot to
so zrd by ibo victors.” That «*il dc*
pntisin is unlawful, wrong, wicked aa
imposes no obligation of obodieno* upon
any boman beins;’’ finally that “r«*ia
tance to tyrants is obedience to God.”
These are but tbe teachings of reason
and revelation, tho clear utterance of
nature and nafure’sGod, ringing through
ail climes and centuries, and proclaim
ing justice as * suproma law binding
upon both uien and nation*. Lrs us
b iro no more of th so treaahorou* bab
blings about the rights of the conqueror,
from those who dared not defend hi*
cause, and who seek to cover up their
own sham ful apostacy by libels on the
benefactor* of the human race and im
putations upon the wisdom, justice and
goodness of the living Gad. Tbe rights
of tbe conqneror being thus shown to be
limited by the justice of his cause sad
his necessary self defense, let’us exam
ine for * moment how stood tha question
of right between us and our opponents.
The Federal Congress, from tbe first
day of the war to this hour, has never
made au allegation of wrong or "Infhry
committed by us against tho United
States; they place their justification of
the war solely upon tbe ground" jtotMro
sought to withdraw from thetJnßn.
This was true, and we bold, justifiabie.-
I‘a*-ing over, for tho sake of not reviving
o’d animosities, the causes of separation
which we alleged justified arid demand
ed i , it is salficLnt to say tl nt tl claws
of tiations, as expounded by the D.da
ritieu of Independence, fully jultified
the seceding States in cstablLhrog for
themselves anew and independent gov
ernment. Tho crime, if auy, wa* com
mitted by tboso who made war topreveot
the exercise of this right, a right clearly
admitted by all parties before tbe oonr
puct. 1 the Uniuu was lormea. Secondly,
the States were sovereign aud indepen
dent at the tunc of the iormatiou of tbe
coufederati m, and did not surrender
their sovereignty or independence ty
the Constitution. Ido not intend lo
repeat tho arguments on this poiot
which I have so often made before yog.
My object on this occasion being dblj
to show that w_ have not committed any
such crimes by withdrawing peaceably
from the American Ur-Lnas should put
under the “banucr of tho empire aud
exclude us from tho benefit of the laws of
nations. Tha right of each State to
judge Lr it.se.f if tho infraction
ol tho CjU titu ion, and tkn
mods aud tnauoerof redress, was plainly
affirmed by Mr. J,ff rson iu the first of
atcries of resolutions drawn by him ana
adopted tic Kentucky Legislature iu
1798. The resolution was accepted as
a true exj.Lnatiou of the Constitution,
from 1801 to the beginning of tbe Ist*
war, by the grear maj irity of the Amer
ican paople It was incorporated in tho
Deni, era ioNat.onal platform from 1844
to 18GD, and repeatedly sanctioned by
large in > j rities of the people. Can it
then be said that, for the exercise if this
right thus affirmed and sanctioned by
the law. of nations, we are justly oon—
demne ito the deprivation of all oivil
rigli b, ou'lawry, and chains, aud that
c josum matron of all evi s, negro suj r- m
aey over us.' Yet this is the proposition
which the Rad ca.s and
must establt b W »oey can justify
namcal rule in tho S.:uth, and thetr
C o-gr s ional edicts.
I have thus shown that fhete rocisures
can derive no justifioatioo, support, or
apology from ei her Ibe Constitution of
the United States, the laws of nations,
or the acts of tho peojls of the Coe fed
erate States ; they stand, therefore, in
tbtir naked def rmi'.y, open to the in
dignant g *5 of ull honest weD, Tyran*
uy an 1 malice exhausted their ingenuity
in the conception. 13y the aid cf a mil
itary dictator, ctnaten ly fitted to execute
tbem through the agency of bayonets,
stuff.-d ballot-boxes fraudulent registiiee
and returns, they have accomplished
their appointed work. A mockery, cap
led the OoLs itution of the State of
Georgia, lias been imposed upon the
pc plo, which makes all good govern
ment impossible as long sr it stands.
An ignorant and unprincipled adventu
rer has been installed under it as tho
Chief Magistrate ofthe State, clothed
with imperial power over the interests
aud destinies of this people, who is aB
ready prostituting the power and patron
age best .wed on him for that purpose,
in buying posts of Ijooor and trust for
his c -opperatora, in corrupting the ju
diciary iu rewarding pr fligato followers
j i.i atiempiitig io imimidate aud debauch,
the pe.-j.’e themselves in order t> per
petuate the faction to whore base meas
ures alone he owes his e.evasion.
All these, and many more such wrongs,
have been infiic’ed upon you without
your consent Your content a lone ca«
give the least validity to the usurp
ations Let no power on earth wring
that consent from your manly bosoms.
Take no counsel of fear—it is the
meanest of masters, spurn tbs tempta
tions of office and goid from the pol
luted hands of your oppre'sorp, he who
I olds his own sepulchre, at the price of
t'ties : chains, owns a heraaoof shame. AH
honor to the National Democracy who
br.va rben iu their might to strike off
th. se f. t ere from your limbs. Y’ou,
oteand all, owe it to tlem, to yourselves
your posterity, and your country, to
rush to tbeir standard, aud labor with
them in this great, work of deliveran-a
and liberty. They have thrown widd
the portals of admission; “forgetting
all past differences of opinion, they in-*
vi'e all to unite in the present great
struggle for the libertios of the people.”
Come, unite Wfth them, Y r our eouatrjr
says come—duty sa;s come—liberty
says come—the c >untry is in danger
let every freeman hasten to the rescue.
. The D.esident of the Loyal L-agA*
!in E ! ytown, Albatre, is {p.jail fptt
[dealing bacon.