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Gospel Work and the Salvation
Army Warriors.
Perhaps the most, extraordinary
religious work of the present day is
that which is done by the enthusiastic
who ar<; banded together
American Hats.
persons wno are
under the name of the Salvation
Army. Uncouth in their manners,
almost rlotousin some of their demon
strations, yet thoroughly in earnest
in their purpose, these promulgators
of the gospel have made their mark (
to an pxceni, which is to Bay the
least, astonishing. When they began
operations they were regarded as
a lot of wild eccentrics hardly worth
noticing. People who took the trou
ble to take any notice of them at all
said that they might do their pr aying
and parading for a few weeks or
months, but that as soon as the nov
elty of it was over the whole move
ment would collapse. The very con
trary of this has proved to he the case.
In England, where they have their
headquarters, they have not only ac
quired a foothold but have to some ex
tent amassed wealth. When two or
three years ago a delegation of th e
army came to this country, it was
heralded with considerable flourish of
trumpets and beating of drums. It
was agreed by many good people that
as the churches had not up to that
time succeeded in bringing in and
converting all the ungodly, the new
agency ought to have a chance. As
soon as the militant band landed on
our shorss and began the struggle
with the powers of Batan it succeeded
more in making itself a laughing
stock than in anything eUe. From
time to time new members have come
from the other side of the water and
have joined the ranks. The character
and qualifications of these seem to be
much the same as of the advance
guard. They seem to delight in sprig
military style and the putting on of
soldierly titles.
They call a prayer meeting a “knee-
drill.” If they are going to hold a
meeting in the streets, they speak of
it as an encounter with Satan. If they
make converts they say that tiny
have given the adversary of souls
hard knocks on his head, or thrusts
in his ribs. Their imagery is coarse,
and they set at defiance not only the
rules of grammar, but the customs of
reverent worship. In their hymns
they combine the style of the negro
minstrel and the low variety show,
seasoning it with a few theological
expressions and quotations from Scrip
ture. They make a specialty of their
belief in the personality of the devil,
and incorporate in their ditties as
much of this as they put into rhyme .
For instance, they siug :
The devil and me,
We Oin’t agree;
1 hate him
And he hates me.
This is not only for the musical de
votion of a praver-meeting in a hall,
but they roar it out marching through
the streets. Some of the “hymns” are
rich in personalities For instance,
when a drunken and dirty tramp has
signified his desire to lead a new life,
they are ready for his case with some
thing which begins
“Out of the gutter we’ve picked him up
Notwithstanding all the oddities
and eccentricities of the Salvationists
they seem to have done good to a
class ot people whom ordinary church
work lias never reached. As to the
extent of this benefit, or its perma
nence, there are all manner of con
flicting opinions. The open question
is whether they are not doing quite as
much harm iu bringing religion into
contempt by their vulgar and irrever
ent ways as they are doing good to the
tramp and others whom they bring
under their influence. Yet there is a
disposition to wish them God-speed In
their own way of doing good, if any
good whatever can come of it.
Value of the Sunflower.
The sunflower is worshiped by the
Chinese; and deserves the devotion of
materialistic people from the fact
is tne most useful of all vegeta-
i 'r<un its seeds Is made oil un*
aed as a lubricant and soap uu •
Jed for softening the skin. Sun-
oil is greatly used fcr adultera-
salad oil, and it burns longer
any other vegetable oil.
I Sunflower cake is more fattening
in lim-eed cake, its flowers supply
best bee food, and Its leaves are
ih used for aduleratlng tobacco,
yields a finer fibre used in
and the best yellow dyes
lese are produced from its
Several acres are to be laid
sunflowers in the Thames
year.
Duriug my recent travels in America
I have been at times fairly over
whelmed by the contemplation of
some of the head-coverings I have
seen, and more especially among the
“supplementary” classes, if I may
call them so, of the American people.
Following the conr-e of empire wei to
ward I found that, after leaving the
mulatto Stats, I passed tbriugh the
red Indian to the Chinese on the
Pacific and then, going south, trav-
ersed the Mexican till I came to the
negro, and through him get hack
again to the mulatto. As a matter of
ethnological geography this division
of the States was sufficiently interest
ing, but an additional interest accrued
from looking at it from the hat stand
point. As a general rule, it may be
accepted that hats ara made only f< r
white men, and that the supplement
ary classes wear them after they have
been thrown away, and that the negro
as a general thing, only arrives at a
hat alter it his been thrown away
several times. Nobody but a negro
cherishes a very old hat.
The Chinaman, it may be, buys a
second-hand hat, and, after ironing
the brim out flat, wears it with de
cency. A red Indian begs or et^als
one, and, alUr cutting out a hole in
the crown, stufls the orifice with
feathers and walks round the camp
with much complacency. The mu
latto, having found one lying about,
washes it, ties a blue ribbon round it
and wears it on Sunday. But the
negro meets with the o!d hat and
straightway pub* it on to as much of
his head as it will cover. He doos not
try to improve it or to ornament it.
When he fir.-t saw it lying in the road
it was “an ole liat,” but once his it
becomes a new possession, and never
grows any older until he finds anothe r
And in America, scattered up and
down the States, there is a prodigious
number of them lying about, especi
ally in the West, and most especially
in the mining districts. It seems to
be a point of honor among miners not
to wear second-hand hat*, fcr if they
choose they certainly need never buy
one. Perhaps they suspect old hats to
be only some stratagem of the enemy
to get them into a quarrel over the
claim, either to it or ti something else.
At any rata, whatever the reason, they
never touch them any more than a
coyote will tiuch a dead Mexican.
[The Mexican, by the way, eati so
much red pepper when alive that, the
coyote will not eat him when dead.
So they say.] The “colored man,”
however, doss not frequent mines, or
he might revel In a new old hat every
day. He prefers civilization, and the
result, in the matter of his head-cover
ing, is very striking. His apprecia
tion of the independence of American
citizenship leads into the most com
plete recklessness. There is nothing
that he will not put on the top of his
head—provided there is only enough
of it to assure him that it once formed
part of a cap or a hat, and that he can
balance the fragments on his head.
In Texas and Arkansas his origi
nality excels itself, he turns anything
into a hat. I saw a negro sitting on a
woodpile, near Marshall, with the lid
of a luncheon basket on his head, and
tied around his chin with a red ribbon.
He was a simple person, for he ac
cepted the remarks of my companions
in the kindliest spirit possible, and
told us that he had “another hat* 7 at
home. This was only his working-day
hat. The Indian has very marked
tastes, for he prefers the “Stove-pipe”
hat; If without a crown po much the
better. Next to this is the gray felt,
the light color having superior facilities
of adornment. He begs for fragments
of ribbon or for the metal oruameuts
used as trade marks on cakes of chew
ing tobacco, and trims the crown
with them, while he adorns the brim
with fringe of his own contrivance.
The labels ofl sauce bottles make a
chaste ornament for hats of this kind.
The Chinaman is a pronounced utili
tarian. He understands, however,
the real object of a hat in a climate,
and does not hesitate, therefore, at any
width of brim. When working in
the sun, as I saw them in gangs on
the Southern Pacific Line, he wears a
construction that looks something
like a laundry basket. Speakiug
roughly, hats increase in brim as
security to life aud property diminish.
It was a man without a hat that
stabbed Buckingham. This is true
all the world over, whether we are
among the wide-turbaned Kookas in
India, the flat-hatted banditti of Italy
or the oow-hoys of Arizona and Texas.
The umbiageous brim of the hat of the
Arizona cow-boy—“the white In-
d'an,” as he is oalled, and he is indeed
often more terrible to meet than the
red—is the flag, a* it were of his in
subordination to laws. He is no re-
spectnr of limits, and expresses a
general abhorrence of discipline by
the license which he takes in hats.
A nair.iw brim Bavors to him of a
cramping civilization. He refuses to
be cribbed up under ordinary head-
gear. Nothing is too wide for him.
If he could he would put a prairie on
his head.
But, leaving minor pointi about
hats for larger ones, what a wonderful
amount of a man’s respectability rests
in his hat! Tolry the experiment,
lose your hat over the bridge on a
windy day aud walk a few blocks
without oue. A1J the rest of your
cl< thes will not save you from the
ptr-tonalities of the juvenile public, nor
the unconcealed ridicule of the more
adult, ft is no use to remind the
street boys that Julius Caesar never
were anything on his head. If you
put your umbrella up you only make
matters wc rce. The man who has lost
his hat is the general joke of the mo
ment.
The New York Girl
No girl in the whole country—not
even excepting the firmest of strait
laced New-Euglauders — is half so
carefully guarded a< the New-York
girl of to-day. She is watched with
the most elaborate care aud cultivates
a reticent manner that places her in
Ismailia.
IsmaUia is a remarkable place, even
impressive in spite of its smallnesp.
Many of its gardens are a Kew with
out its glass houses. Its principal
street, facing the lake, and containing
the Khedive’s Palace and a large num
ber of well and tastefully built houses,
is a really handsome one; aud in
course of time, aB irrigation is extend
ed and the natural wealth of the laud
is developed, Ismailia itself will grow
in size and beauty, and establish some
claim to be regarded as a miniature
Paris. But fcr the present its imme
diate surroundings are more suggest
ive of savagery than civilization. The
glaring, hot, soft-powdery sands in
vade its outlying quarters, like inlets
from the sea. There is no gradual
transition from cultivation to sterility,
from life to death—you step oat of a
doorway and put your foot upon the
great desert stretching away without
a break to Suez and the equator,or in an.
other direction to Arabia and the Dead
Sea and the far limits of Syria, or in a
third, with only a slight break, to
Libya anil the Pillars of Hercules.
But turn to yet auothi r direction, and
Ismailia assumes the appearance of a
great seaport of Europe or America.
Eighty large vessels, laden with
ar uies from England, from India,
float on a lake luminous with the re
splendent blue of the Mediteiranean.
Like a seaport, too, Ismailia is ooly-
glot; and on its crowded wharf,
where soldiers and horses and muni
tions of war are landing day and
night, one hears not only Euglish and
French and Italian and Greek, and
the native Arabic, but Tamil ^nd
Telugu from Madras, Marathi from
Bombay, Hindoo from Bengal, Oordoo
from Northern India, and Punjabi
and the semi-Afghan dialects of the
Northwestern frontier. So many are
the races of the world which own the
benign sway of England, aud are
ready at a moment to send forth their
hosts over a thousand leagues of sea to
execute her bidding. “Every school-
boy’’ knows that on the Euglish Em
pire the sun never sets; but few
schoolboys, young or old, ever realize
the foremost row of discreet woman
hood. In particular are the street
manners of New York girls and
women admirable. Men who yield a
seat in a car or stage to a lady here a^e
often incensed because the only ac
knowledgment Is a haughty and al
most imperceptible inclination of the
head. But the seat is the woman’s by
right, and a little reflection will sho.w
any man that in a vast city full of
presumptuous fools and conceited
cockneys, a reticent and reserved
manner is the only safeguard.
The same woman, in noticing a
friend or acquaintance on the street,
will greet him with the frankest of
smiles and the most cordial manner in
the world. The manners of society
girls are severe. The gushing era has
passed by, and the “thoughtful and
occasionally vivacious” era has ar
rived. They talk about everything,
and hold their heads well up in the
air. The girl who looks shy, droops
her head or lowers her eyes when ad
dressed by a man, is voted very bad
form ; and, as the carriage is very up
right, the prevailing manner of society
girls is charmingly frank and earnest.
I call this an improvement over the
maidenly simper that formerly pre
vailed. It is difficult to analyze the
subtle delicacies that make a woman
fashionable and in proper form. One
thing I notice Is the custom of itera
tion which most girls cultivate. For
instance, if you say to a girl: “It is
very warm,” she does not smile and
simper: “ Perfectly dreadful, I never
suffered so in my life,” or “ I am quite
consumed,” but she looks at you ex
pressively, and says, with the same
emphasis that you have used: “Yes,
it i3 very warm.” Again you say :
“ Mrs. Brown’s death was a great
shock.” The answer will not be a
sudden burst of adjectives expressing
her grief, nor will she say: “It’s bo
dreadful!” but the simple formula:
“Her death was indeed a gr<?at shock.”
the shade. The piano is left almost
entlrelv to the Wagner enthusiasts,
who form an extensive, and exclusive
clique, and are known personally as
“Parsifals.” The New York girl Is
ftlso wildly enthusiastic in matters of
art, from Kensington embroidery to-
Bartholdi statues. She paints on
everything—dlk, velvet, marble, tiles,
plaques, walls, wood, stoue, dress ma
terials, hosiery, furniture, and her en
thusiasm for working in clay is great.
She seldom or never produces any
thing from the plastic mud, but her
soul soars, and she is enabled to wear
a square pasteboard cup and a huge
bib with Queen Elizabeth shoulder-
puffs Then, too, she is a prodigious
worker at private theatricals,charades,
and dumb-crambo—if that’s the way
it’s spelled. In private theatricals no
end of trouble is taken, and money is
lavished iu the most reckless manner.
Scenes are painted, temporary stages
erected in ball rooms, orchestras em
ployed, and skilled dramatic teachers
retained for weeks. The most elabo
rate tableaux are given with a rich
ness of costuming never approached
on the professional stage.
The New York girl leads a busy life,
and, on the whole, rather a happy
one, and taken all in all, she is about
as charming as any other girl on the
bosom of the earth.
the full force of the proposition ; 4 on
the shore of Lake Timsah, in full view
of our fleets of stately ships, amid
multitudes of English soldiers, of
8 poys aud Sowars, on their way to
inner Egypt, within hearing of the
strange sounds of so many tongues,
the familiar saying repeated itself
with the strength of a revelation.
Horse Trading and Theology.
The Schoolmistress and Stocks.
A Hudson river farmer who wanted
a better horse thau he possessed drove
into Yonkers one day with his nag,
and hunting up a certain citizen who
had the sort of horse he wanted, the
farmer stated his desire to exchange,
and added: “I understand that you
area Christian man?” 1“Yes, sir.”
“Belong to the Bapti
“Yes.” “One of the d
lieve?” “I am.” A trad
and the farmer dro ye ho
new equine. But in the'
three days he returned a
“See here, deacon, what
man are you ? You never tol
that horse I got of you had
and ringbones and heaves?”
believe I didn’t.” “Well, yo
pretty Christian, you are
friend,” placidly replied the goc
“if you can And it anywhere in the
good book that a deacon In the Ba*
tist Church must point out the defects
in his own horse where a sinner Is too
ignorant to see for himself, I’ll admit
my sin and trade baok. Come in and
we’fcbunt for the passage J”
Church?”
ons, I be-
was made,
with the
oourse of
begun:
d of a
ne that
avins
I fiud it difficult to illustrate ray
meaning fully; but in gemral the
conversation of a New York girl is
simple in language and profound in
accent. Her craz* for the Euglish does
her tiie greatest harm. Iu her struggle
t > get the Euglish accent, she lays
herself open to ridicule. She is guitly
of calling street car “trams,” and says
such things as “I cawnt dance any
more,” or “I can’t dawuce any more,”
combining the American and English
in a most hybrid and entrvating way.
In the way ot fun, New York girls!
have everything from prayer rugs to
fencing; but always withiu the strict
est bounds of propriety. The prayer
rugs are genuine importations from
the East, and have most of them been
used by Mahommetans. Tne fashion
is not new, but it has been revived of
late until no girl considers her chamber
furnished unless one of these heavily
•woven, heartshaped little rugs lies
at her bedside. They fence to a lim
ited extent. Colonel Monstery, who
was in San Francisco some years ago,
and may still be remembered there,
has several classes at young ladies’
houses. They fenoe with the single
stick and confine themselves to up
and down movements. ^‘It doesn’t
pay t) have them thrust,” said the
colonel the other day, because as soon
as one of them makes ft pass they both
run away,” But lawn tennis is their
great field, and New York girls rank
at the head of the list as exptrt
players. There are private tennis
courts whereve r the grounds will ad
mit it, and the armories of the city
are utilized to the utmost by tennis
clubs. There is great rivalry among
the girls, not only in point of skill,
but costume. They look stunning, in
snug-fitting Jerseys and short skirts,
and move as gracefully as when roller
skating. The number of horse-women
iu New York never fails to astonish
strangers. The riding habits are
made by tailors, aud are marvels of
close lilting, and the horses are full-
blooded. The girls ride well, and
there is no prettier sight than a com
pany of twenty or thirty of them
seamperiug through the Park at a
furious pace in the early morning,
with a squad of sedate grooms in the
rear.
At home the New York girl plays
the piano a little, and the harp, banjo
or violin a good deal—that is, the last
three instruments, and particularly
the_vM iu i are throwing the piano In
“Guess I won’t go to school to-dav,”
said a Carson urchin with an Appeal
in his hand. “Why not?” “Concor
dia has fallen ofl ten cents and I don’t
dare show up until it pick* up again.”
“What have the fluctuations of Con
cordia got to do with your studies?”
“A good deal,” answered the boy.
“My teacher has a hundred shares of
the stock, and when it falls off a few
cents we all catch it heavy. I keep
mj»eye on the list, and when tin re’s a
break you bet I don’t go to school. I
play sick. Golly ! how she basted me
the time Mount Diablo busted down
to $2. When it was selling at $20 she
was as good as pie.
“I was the first feller that got on to
the break and told the boys of my
class that it she didn’t sell there’d be
the devil to pay. I heard Uncle Fra
ser say that it was a good deal short,
and I never slept a wink for a week.
I grabbed The Appeal the first thing
e very morning ; when I saw her keel
down to $16 I skipped to the hills.
My ! how she did bang Johnny Dob
son round that moruing! I was in
hopes that the blasted mine would
pick up, hut the water got in the lower
levels and I knew we were in for it.
She licked somebody for every dollar
it dripped. After it struck $8 it
picked up a little and we had time to
git. My mothtr’s been paichin’ my
pants now ever since the big break
Sierra Nevada, and if the
on’t take & ?urn sc
quit the*public i
on a rs
An unfortunate
in a goodly supply of fresh
cellar of the house was inf{
rats, and these had no sooner^
ered the whereabouts of the eggs than 1
they determined to replenish their
own stores below stairs with them.
How was this to be effected? The
cellar steps were steep aud long, and
tbe eggs were brittle. But the rats
had their wits about them. One large
rat turned himself onto his back,
clasped an ef|? firmly between his four
paws, and then allowed his numerous
friends to push and pull him in this
position to the top of the cellar steps.
Oa the first step a crowd of rats were
in waiting. The rat with the egg was
pushed over the edge by those above,
and received ialo the open arms of
those below. This operation was re
peated until the egg reached the cellar
in^safety, and was stowed away in the
rats’ larder—a glorious trophy of in
genuity and perseverance. Many an
egg had disappeared in this mysteri
ous way, and at last the good house
wife, suspecting that rats were in some
way at the bottom of it, hid herself by
the cellar st«ps and watched. She saw
the whole performance, and said she
could scarcely credit the sight of her
eyes, so marvelous was the sagacity of
these little creatures.
ScALLorED Oysters.—“Adelaide”
writes: “The recipe for soalloped
oysters in the Household Notes is not
complete without the liquor of the
oysters and a little milk (If the bak
ing dish will contain it) added. These
I know are neoessary to a good dish
of soalloped oysters, having learned
by experience that they cau be spoiled
without sutfioleut liquid in whioh to
bake them.
*