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* JOURNAL AND MESSENGER. CLISBY AJJONES, Proprietors. THE FAMILY JOURNAL—HEWS—POLITICS- LITERATURE—AGRICULTURE—DOMESTIC NEWS, Etc.—PRICE $2.00 PER ANNUM. ■■ ' 1 - q.’ i , f <- i. inn... ■ -RS.-M.W iffi GEORGIA TELEGRAPH BULLSIKG ESTABIISIIED1826- MACON, FRIDAY, JANUARY 7, 1881 I ..1 1.1 IS. II, ....... i ' \ ***.1 ' f VOLUME LY-NO. 1 AFTER TUB THEATRE. Ten dollars. Quite a sum to pay For cne abo earns but foyr a day For Just a single evening’s fun— It seems so, now t hilling is done. Three for the carriage, for you'know I never could ask her to go With that swell dress—the shade ecru, And train strong out a yard or two— In a plain horse car. And so nice She looked, 1 do not grudge the price. Three more for seats—down centre aisle And four rows back—just right for style. The curtain rose, now time will pass . While gazing through an opera glass. The curtain fell. Once more we stood Outside, and then the thought of food Itself presented. She said yes, She felt quite hungry. You can guess That what we ate, with just a bit Of rosy wine to season it, Used up that other four. Time sped. I took her home. Good night was said. Then to my own home came I straight; And here 1 sit and meditate. The cash 1 had four hours ago Is gone. I’ve naught for it to show. Have I regrets for it? Not one. ’Twas lolly, but, by Jove, ’twas funl —Boston Post. 1 — The Needs of the South. . Hou. Emory Speer, of the ninth con gressional district of this Slate, has been •caught in the’toils of the ubiquitous report cr, and the following Is taken from the Chicago Times. Mr. Spegf, In speaking of the material advantages of Georgia, was asked the following questions: “What are these questions of material advantage?” “For instance, the IarifT question and the tax on cotton machinery. There is a great industry whicli we can build up in the South. Our climate Is wonderfully adapted for the manufacture of cotton. The raw material grows right at the door of the factory. There is not a day in the ? car that our streams are clogged by ice. straight and labor are cheap. Cotton spins much bettei in our climate than it does in a colder climate. -We could add millions of dollars to our income every year if it were possible for us to MAXUFACTtjfeE T^B COTTbN WE GBOW into clotli or even thread. Yet it seems Impossible for us to get any relief, even in removing the duty from cotton ma chinery, which virtually amounts to a pro hibition on the purchase of machinery abroad. My idea of the iiist duty of u Southron Representative is so to act as to « et as much and as speedy relief as possi- lefor the material interests of the people whom he represents. What I mean to say is this: I do not want the demauds of tho party to preVSut me from getting as much substantial relict as possible for our people. The Union will need fifteen millions of new spindles, with accompa nying machinery, it is said, in the n£xt twenty years. Now, ought we not be per mitted to buy where we can buy the cheapest? If one who contemplates cotton manufacture can buy in England for one dollar what will cost two dollars to buy • here, ought he be compelled to buy at home, or else abandon the enterprise which ho contemplates? We want this load fhken off. We want other relief of a similar character, and I think this Is the specd.est way to get rid of any feapof the solid South. If onr interests arffdiversi- fied, we will have diverse politics; but if we are always kept by the policy ol the government H AX AOIUCOr.TTJBAI.AXD I’ASToltAI. PEO PLE, it will not be surprising if we have same ness of interests, causing' sameness Of political thought.” ‘•In what spirit do the people .of the South regard the election oi General Gir- field, and what hope, if any, have they that the policy of the new administration* will tend to advance their material,' political and social interests?” “I think there is a very general disposi tion in the South to be entirely reconciled to General Garfield’s election. lie is con ceded to be fairly elected, and many of us have testified to our opinion of his high intellectual and individual cliaracterln such a way that the people have great confidence that Ids administration will be a very successful one. I think General Garfield can do a great deal toward bring ing politics into a normal condition down there by heeding the opinion of our rep resentative Southern men. I do not mean to say that I expect that he will pay much attention to tlie ultra-Bonrbons, but" to such Southern thinkers who believe that there is a future for the South, even under the amendments of the constitution which were at first so obnoxious to our people. I allude to_^_. aval HEX AS SEXATOn BBOWX, I take him as a type or a very large class of our people. If all of the offices of the administration down tbero are to be con ferred on partisans, there will be very little encouragement to a liberal and in dependent spirit. That there is such a spirit there is evidenced by my election and that of Senator Brown. Senator •Brown voted for Grant after the war. No man in tlie history of our State, from the day Oglethorpe landed at Yamacraw Bluff, was so bitterly denounced as was Gov. Brown, yet be was elected to the United States Senate by a two-thirds vote of the Georgia Legislature over General Lawton, a genuine type of the Southern chivalry, a gallant Confederate officer, and one of the meet distinguished men of our State. This is another instance, I think, of a very decided progress in liberalism and independentism on tho part of tlie people of the South. _ Of course we cannot offer an alliance with the Re publican party, because in many things wo differ from the Republicans; but I think we can offer a liberal, independent and progressive legislative conduct.” “What is tlie condition of the- colored element of the South?” “It would be a very happy thing to U3 if the educational bill, which has passed the Senate, would pass the House, f here Is A OIIEAT DEAL OF ILLITERACY In the South, and we need aid from the government to educate the pcple. This education, in roy own State, would bo di- vided with rigid rightfulness between tlie colored and white people. The State Legislature of Georgia votes the same amount every year to the University for the colored youth as It docs for the uni versity for tlie white youth of tlie Slate. I liave seen crowds of little children at tlie •common schools being educated by the colored teachers educated at the State University. There js great hope Fulness in my mind about the condition of tho negroes. They Are gaining property, and the children, es pecially in towns and villages, are being -educated. We belt^-a that A GENERAL SYSTEM OF EDUCATIOX •there would In a few years redound Yery greatly to the prosperity of us all.” “Is It true that there is a disposition to deprive tlie negro of the right ol suf frage unless he votes the Democratic tick et r udice of this kind. Of course, where there have been divisions in the people which were written in blood, as were ours, it is a long time before the scars heal over. Take, for instance, the English and tho Scotch of to-day. They are one people, but the Scotch people perhaps have more pleasant memo ries of Bannockburn, where Brace over- threw Edward, than have the English people. It is not unnatural that weshould preserve the same memories. Our peo ple cheer ‘Dixie’ a little louder in some audiences, perhaps, than they would the ‘Star Spangled Banner,’ bnt still there is au entirely GOOD FEELIXG TOWARD THE GOVEBX- MEXT, and determination that we shall hare for the future an indestructible Union. Wherever in my canvass I declared for an indissoluble Union of Indestructible Stales the crowd would cheer heartily and with great enthusiasm.” “What is the condition and character of the emigration, and wliat is there to in duce emigration to the South ?” “I judge only of the emigration into my district. I know of sixty Northern men from Western New York there who are in a very thriving condition. They have improved the old plantations which they bought at cheap rates, until they have very rnnch increased their value. I talked recently with several of these gentlemen, who are men of fine intelligence. They speak very hopefully of their condition. They are making a great deal of money in making hay from onr Bermuda grass, which grows there in great profusion, and which, until the arrival of these men, was thought to be of no value whatever and a positive blemish to tlie places where it grew. But these men, will) character istic enterprise, are making money from it. In the upper part of ray district there is a great deal of Northern capital em barked in GOLD MIXIXO. There is not a section of the country so inviting to emigrants as the upper portion of my State. The climate is delightful tlie year round; fiuitsof all varieties grow there in the richest profusion; cot ton is being grown now to the very foot of the Blue Ridge Monntains, while be fore the war there was very little of it grown in the section where I live, sixty miles south of that point. Our water power is wonderfully valuable, and, if we had an infusion of Northern energy and capital in our section, the country would soon assume the appearance of the best K rtions of Ohio and Pennsylvania.. We ve a magn'ficent future before us, and there is a strong dispo.ition among tlie people to turn away from tlie old ideas and to reward liberalism in politics.”— BLAKELY. Christmas T^M nud Plenty of Fun. Blakely', Ga., January 3. Editors Telegraph and Messenger:— I must beg space in your valuable paper for the public expression of a few facts concerning this pretty little vihage which nestles cosily lnj.be thick forests of South west G corgi?. Much regretting the necessity of spend ing even a portion of tlie holidays here, we bad concluded to hybemate through them, but having heard of tlie graud suc cess of the Masonic festival at the court bouse, oalast Monday night, and tlie great beauty of tlie Methodist-Christmas tree on the night following, we could not fore go an irresistible inclination of witnessing tbe Baptist Christmas tree exercises, which took pla$e on Wednesday night, tlie 20tb.» _ At atj/arly hour, accompanied by par ents and teachers, the throng of bright children, who were to be the chief bene ficiaries, commenced pouring in, and ere long tbe house was crowded with a con course of people, as well dressed and in telligent as any city congregation in the State. The handsomely-decorated walls of tlie largo court room retlected evidences of the. unquestionable taste rutd refine ment of Blakely’s young ladies. From floor to ceiling in the centre ol* tbe room rose the most beautiful Christmas tree we ever beheld. Burning tapers beamed in beauty from its number less branches, and hundreds of beautiful presents hang m rich profusion from its evergreen boughs. As if In commemora tion of Christian liberty, countless flags, the insignia of American freedom, un furling their, silken folds, waved a happy welcome from its wide-spreading arms. Indeed, that gorgeous tree, surpassing in splendor anything of the kind before in Blakely, bearing as it did tlie sweet fruits of Christian affection, seemed the pano ramic antitype of Paradise. But enough of {this- Suffice it to say no little face went from that room saddened with dis appointment. If, in the future, It shall ever be our happy privilege to spend the Christmas holidays in Blakely, we shall not hyber-' nate, but make the most of every hour wo can spare to spend in that enlightened community. Asking pour pardon for this intrusion, I subscribe myself four transient friend, Jacob. The Christianoy Scandal Washixotox, January 4.—Tbe local papers of this city publish to-day, under a New York telegraphic heading, a series of letters purporting to have been written last spring and summer by Mrs. Chns- tiancy to Edelberto Giro, whose name is coupled with liera in Minister Christiancy’s divorce proceedings. These letters are of a very affectionate character, and contain many appeals to Giro to come forward and testify for her protection against the charges made by Mr. Christiancy’s coun sel in regard to their alleged improper in timacy. Accompanying these letters are also several written to a Mr. Jackson, whom she Implores, as a friend of Mr. Giro, to exert his influence to induce the latter to come forward and save the woman he had compromised from the consequences of what she terms “a thoughtless.but great imprudence.” This evening's' Star publishes an inter view with Mrs. Christiaucy, in which she admits the authenticity'of the letters, but explains them as follows: Giro was in love with her and had repeatedly asked her, personally and by letter, to get a divorce from her husband and marry him (Giro). She had steadfastly refused, whereupon Giro at last became violent and threatened that If she did not promise to marry him, he would rain her character by saying that sho (Mrs. Christiancy) was tlie woman wlio bad once visited bis room at the St. James Hotel]in this city. To pac ify him she finally promised to marry him, but after ho returned to New York she wrote him recalling her promise. He continued, however, to urge its fulfillment with threats. When Mr. Christiancy began divorce proceedings against her on tlie ground of alleged improper Intimacy with Giro, Mrs. Christiaucy, under the advice of friends, wrote Giro tlie series of letters now published, her object being to prevent liim (by pretending to he in iove with him) from carrying out his threats and to “I can only speak of my own section, induce him to give truthful testimony for There was no interference with them in | ] ier protection.' the exercise of this l ight. But really ] — this movement of the new South as against ; .Tajik* dONBOB, for two terms-1 rest tlie Bourbon element is a guarantee that! dent of lb* United Stat.died “after six the negro shall have a full vote and a fair i yeats of penury and distress, as John y one >. I Adams wrote in iris diary. >obody got “Is there really a prejudice in the South j up a presidential relief fund for him nor .against the North as a section ?’’ I offered him the presidency of a mining “I don’t think there is any special prej- • company or a canal. MRS. MARTHA TUCKER’S LETTER TO SAMANTHY, Macon Tbroosh an Old Lady’s Ejrea. Written for the Tel graph a nd Messenger. Macon, Ga., January 4,1881. v My Dear Samanthy: You have, no doubt, by this time mentally accused your old aunty of, as Mr. Morley would say, a failure to perform, and probably my delay in writing you, according to promise, has been sufficiently long to justify your ac cusation. Tbe troth i, however, my dear Samanthy, I have tarried in my intentions tiiat I might the better please you when they were fulfilled. I found my dear sister’s house fnll of Christmas guests, and, vgltlle I bare tried not to show it, I must confess myself but poorly pleased with affairs here. Every thing is so different from dear old Elm wood. Comfort seems to be sacrificed to convenience on all sides, fur w hile the house and its furnishing are elegant, there is a want of enjoyment about it truly re markable. I miss the old tea-kettle and my hot brick, and when I speak to a ser vant be only bows and looks as if be thought I was crazy. It is breakfast at ten, dinner at three and supper at nine- hours that don’t suit an old lady who lias forty years fed the chickens and herself at daylight, dined at noon, and gone to bed with a cup of tea at eight—that is, when she .didn’t eit up for whist. And then Urn parties, dances, theatres and amusements are endless. It is enough to paralyze one with astonishment. The only man I have yet seen to like is Mr. Morley, a sharp, shrewd, funny law yer, who seems to delight In the weak nesses of others. He and I have become firm friends, and I fear I am gradually adopting many of his pet theories about people and things. He is a good friend, and takes me out whenever I care to go, wbicb is not often, for everybody thinks I must put on my best black silk dress, tfveu to cross tiie street. Macon is a smart sized town and plen ty of business is done here. But you want to hear about society, and I have kept my eyes open to inform. The most remarka ble tiling I have observed in society Is the lack of conversation; or maybe it would be best to say shallowness. There is none of that good old talk you and your father and mother and Judge Pitts and I used to bare. Why! Ihavonot heard a word said about tlie influence of the weather upon housed vegetables, or tlie massacre of the Huguenots, or the persecution of the early Christians, or tlie burial place of Moses since 1 came. All those beautiful stories about old Italy, and tlie early Brit ous, and tbe Druids, liave been laid aside for ever it seems, and tlie Lord only knows what people here do talk about. Mr. Mor ley says that conversations have degener ated here terribly in tbe last ten years. No one reads bools, awl of course they can't converse about them. National politics is an unknown realm, a species of south pole, that nobody seems to want to invade. Public men outside of tlie city limits are hardly known by name, much less by their record. Miwl you, Samanthy dear, I am speaking only about tbe fashionable people, because I haven’t met the other yet. They had what they called a German the other night, and nothing must do but what I must go and see it. I heard Mr. Morley talking with a bright-faced girl. He said something about Gambetta, and when she asked if he had ever been heard of since he sailed up the Nile to discover the source, he laughed aud told lier “No. It was now generally conceded that be had been cat en up by tlmgrizzly bears. The poor thing sighed and said that Asia was a horrid country, and she didn’t seo why people would keep going there. But that’s just like them all. Why, the other night I sat behind Mollie in the theatre, and heard her talking to a nice looking'youug fellow that wore kid glovfis. I never was so mortified in my life. There is a pic ture on the curtain there of Venice, and they got to talking about it. Here is ex actly wliat they said, for Mr. Morloy wrote it down as soon as we got home. They had run out of talk, when he looked at the curtain and said: “Don't you suppose they found it hard work ferrying tlie horses about town, Miss Mollie? I don’t see bow they man aged it—with such little boats.” I listened, expecting to hear her tell him they didn’t have horses there, but the little goose said: ‘Ohl 1 read somewhere that tlie horses of Venice were winged. I should think that wings would be vety necessary there unless the horses had web leet or fins.” Both of them giggled and then he said: “I expect llial was tlie way of it. I re member now that there is a picture of Venice at home, showing where one of them had lit on a high column.” 1 thought Mr. Morley would roll oil' the scat, hut 1 was so mortified that I cried. By this time tlie curtain had gone up, and a wo man was telling her sweetheart good-bye on the stage. Seeing me wiping my eyes, tlie young man nudged Mollie and said: “The old woman can’t stand the racket; guess she’s from the country.” Mollie flush ed up but didn’t say anything. She was as much ashamed of me as t was of her, but Mr. Morley had got tolaughingagain. I believe tbe man will die laughing. He says bo always enjoys such conversations; that when they are done, be feels as good as if he had taken a vapor bath. But he is not perfection either. He faced me down that it was David who saw the burn ing bush, and I faced him down that it was Moses. But bless your soul, .Saman thy, do you know when I got tlie Bible to prove it, I couldn’t find the place to save roylife? And then be laughed at me and went off. The next day I showed it bitn in black and white, and lie actually con tended that be bad named Moses from tbe first, while I said David. I might have been mistaken, but I can’t see how it possiblo. But I have come to the end of my paper and must atop. Don’t let the turkeys roost in tbe woods, and tell Judge Pitta that they don’t play whist here. They play a game called “cassmo,” and every body talks so you can’t remember tramps long enough to play. Goodbye, and write soon. Your affectionate aunt, Mautha Tucker. P. S.—The weather is cold here. M. T. The Democrats of the forty-fourth Con gress entered upon a policy calculated to secure this soil of government. When they cut down tbe expenditures they struck at all the most alarming tenden cies, from centralization of power to petty official larceny. That policy woii the ap proval of the people, and ought to be faith fully pursued. ’ Frugal and Simple. The Sun deliveers itself of the follow ing : “I am,” said Thomas Jefferson, “for a government rigorously frugal and sim ple.” Tho followers of Jefferson will find their account In being honestly and con sistently for tbe same tiling. Tbe phrase quoted embraces all tbe government that is necessary to tbe weli being of tbe coun try. Frugality is the parent Of official honesty and accountability, while extravagance in expenditures is a parent of corruption and centralization. A frugal and simple government col lects only such taxes as are necessary for the performance of its own functions,such as the administration of justice and tbe common defense. It raises no fund for commercial or industrial enterprises; takes nothing from the people to give away m the form of sudsldies. A frugal and simple government cuts down its civil list lo tlie number absolute ly required for tlie public business maintains no army for which it has no oilier employment than that of overawing tlie peopie or their representatives. It is never tlie victim of ring jobbery and plun der, because its revenues are too slehder or too well guarded by law to tempt the thief. Fatal Fire. New Yoke, January 4.—A fire occur red this morning in the rear of 35 Madi son street, in a four-story tenement house. Nine lives were lost. The victims are: Ellen Sheridan, aged forty-three; Katie Sheridan, aged fourteen; Maggie Sheri dan, aged five; Martin Sheridan, aged three; John Walsh, aged thirteen; Thom as Cassidy, aged six; Charles Cassidy, aged eight, a girl named Egan, aged two, ana Mrs. Sheridan, age unknowu. Several persons were injured—among them James Cassidy, Mary Egan and Charles Walsh. Another account says at S:15 this morn ing a fire broke out In a tenement house iu the rear of James Doyle’s liquor store at 35 Madison street. It started at tbe bottom of the stairs that furnished the- only mode of exit for the tenants of the five-story building, barring outside fire escapes, and in less than five minutes swept through the stairway, to the roof, cutting off the escape of a score of persons. Suddenly imperilled, the tenants made rush for the roor, but tbe scuttle was firmly hooked and would not yield. The ascending flames drove them back in their rooms and a scene of tho wildest confusion ensued. Men and women threw their children from the windows and jumped after them, although the flames swept across tho yard aud caught their clothing. When the firemen mastered the raging element the dead bodies of nine persons who had been burned were taken out, and several wbo were injured in mak ing their escape were sent to Chambers Street Hospital. Tbe scene was tliat.of a dreadful holo caust, the like pf which has not occurred in tills city since tlie tenement house lire in Canuon street over a year ago, and tlie dreadful Turner Hall calamity about the same time. It is approached through a narrow alley, hardly wide enoughto al low the passage of a portly man, between two tall tenements, Nos. 35 and 33, Mad ison street. In front of No. 35 is James Doyle’s liquor store. Its back door opens directly upon the narrow hallway iu the rear of the tenement, whore the start was, given to this morning’s fire. I’lumbers were busy at the foot of the stairs thawing out frozen wa ter pipes, and for this pur- 8 osu used a gasoliue apparatus. iy some means it was upset and the in flammable material ran out. There was a blinding flash and then an explosion that blew in the door of the saloon. In an in stant tbe black smoke went up a long stairway, impelled by a draught of air setting towards the open windows in the. top story. Tbe fire tmding vent through the open doors and windows of the Bit- tenanted ground floor of the bouse seized upon the shutters, window frames and wooden floors of the balconies out side, licking them up like so much tissue paper, and reaching upwards towuids the floors where tlie frightened men huddled together, afraid to venture out upon tho lire escapes that seemed to lead into tlie very jaws of death. Eight families occu pied the house, two ou each floor. On tlie second floor, the Eagans and Mul- doons had, at tlie first aiarm, escaped through the windows. Mis. Marthy Ea gan, widow, and her four grown children, Margaret, Thomas, Joseph and John readied tlie ground in safety by a quick jump. Sirs. Muldoon, who is over eighty ycais old, was less fortunate. Seizing her two grandchildren, Annie, aged ten, and Katie, aged seven, she sprang from the lire escape, but In tho fall sprained or broke her leg aud crawled away with much dif ficulty. On the floor above, Mr. R. C. Reagan, who lived alone, escaped with his neigh bors, the McKenna family, likewise by jumping. James, aged nine, Hugh, aged four,and tlie baby were thrown through the window by Charles, their eldest brother, a lad of fifteen. The mother, Mrs. Mc Kenna, was sweeping in tbe yard when the fire broke out. Sho rushed to tbe stair way but was met by a solid sheet of flame, and realizing tlie danger of her cbildren roused them by shouting before they knew of tlie approach of the deadly visi tor. “Jump, Charles; throw them down,” tbe agouized mother cried, and stretched out her aims to receive them, as three littl heads looked over tho window sill beside their brother. The lad measured the distance with his eye—it was more than twenty feet—and shrank from the ven ture with dread of instant death; but smoke was already filling the room and pourlngthrough the window. Tno children now cried and stretched their hands to ward their mother. The baby’s call, “ma ma, mama,” was heard above tbe roar of tbe fire and tbe clamor in the streets. Tbe mother cried, “Charlie, for God’s sake jump I” and tbe boy flung the baby into her aims. Tho other cbildren followed, himself leaping last. AU reached tbe ground in safety. On tbe fourth floor lived tbe Cassidy'family aud the Eagans, another family, but of tbe same namo as those on the first floor. In the fifth and topmost story, Mrs. Ellen Sheridan was at breakfast with her four children. New York, January 4.—The men in tlie Sheridan family, as in all the others bad gone to their work. At tbe firs’ alarm Mrs. Sheridan ran to tlie door, and seeing tbe hallway effectually blocked turned to tbe window. Tbe flames there met her also, and iu despair she rushed to the scuttle on the root. It was .firmly lacked, and her strength, desperate as she was, did not suffice to open it. Return ing to her room she closed tbe door on the advancing fire, but it was too lato, as tbe rooms wero filled with smoke, and growing more dense every moment, in which the woman and her children groped about, vainly seeking a window. They were found dead, evidently choked before the flames reached them. Tbe Cassidy family had attempted to escape by the roof, but failing, they readi ed the windows and flung themselves out. Only two of them, Charles and Thomas, boys of six and eight years, were left. They were suffocated, and when found their clothes were burned off. Of the Eagan family, all were saved except a little girl of two years. They escaped by throwing themselves Into tbe yard, but Mary Eagan was badly injured in tlie fall, and was taken to the hospital. The whole was over in less time by far than it takes lo tell it. The yard was filled witli the writhing bodies of scorched and injured women. The police aud Bre men quickly removed these and made heroic efforts to gain the upper floors, whence issued tbe cries of those yet im prisoned. They were beaten back each time. Officer Thos. Barrett reached the second floor on a fire escape, and assist ed in the rescue of two children before be himself wae compelled to jump for his life. In half an hour all was over, and the bouse stood scorched, blackened and dripping from roof to cellar with tbe torrents of water that bad flooded it. The damage to the house is estimated at $3,000. The building is tbe property of Mrs. Eagan, a wealthy resident of an up town street, and was a fair type of hun dreds of structures in the city, in which the poor are huddled without sufficient means to escape In case of fire. Important Letter of Gen. B. P. Alex ander to the Bailroad Commission ers. Louisville, December 17.—Governor James M. Smith, Chairman Georgia Bail- road Commission, Atlanta, Ga.: Dear Governor— In looking over the official report of the commission to the Legisla ture, I see myself recorded as having ex pressed tlie opinion that six per cent, div idends would be a reasonable return for stockholders in railroads to be allow ed to receive for tbeir invest ments. I cannot recall ever having given expression to such views,- or ever before having been called upon even to frame or express an opinion upon tho subject, and I am sure your honorable body has either been misinformed as to my views, or have misunderstood some statement or expression which I have used in some other connection,but cert ainly not intended to convoy the opinion which has been accredited to me. If I were called upon for such an opinion I certainly would not fix the dividend, which any railroad cor poration should bo allowed to receive, at less than 10 per cent.; and I think the fol lowing considerations should justify even a larger dividend than that, to-wit: In the first place, as property invested in railroads benefits all the community in a far greater degree than property invested in mercantile business, and even far more than that invested in manufacturing, a community, 1 am sure, receiving all tlie benefits of cheap transportation and in creased values of lands might look with equanimity upon dividends, at least as great as the ordinary profits derived from mercantile and manufacturing invest ments, even those that are exceptionally profitable. In tbe second place, the enormous amount of money required to build rail roads, places tbeir construction generally beyond tbe power of single individuals,’ who must combine in corporations, and withdraw tlieir money from other invest ments to put it in railroads. Of course there would be no encouragement to capi talists to make this use ot tbeir surplus means, unless they are allowed the privi lege of increased eamiugs from tlieir in vestments. To limit the dividends to lower rates would be simply to put a pen alty upon investing in a railroad, which surely should not be tbe policy of the State. In the nest place, the building of a railroad is usually a matter of some years. Money invested In a railroad stock is usually unproductive of any div idend for a much longer period than money invested in mercantile pursuits or any manufacturing enterprises, and should upon tiiat ground alone he entitled to yield better returns after it lias passed through the unproductive period. I think, therefore, that no reasonable man can complain if tlie stockholders of a railroad receive for-tbeir iu vestment a larger re turn than the average of good investments iu either mercantile or incnutacluring enterprises. Now, wh.at are tlie average returns of such investments? The legal rate of in terest allowed iu Georgia, to men who take no risks, but lend money upon am ple security, and without a single day of unproductiveness, is 8 per cent, per an num,. Successful manufacturing enter prises pay all tho way from 10 to 20 per cent, and the average successful merchant clears on his capital embarked irom 15 to 25 per cent, per annum. At lerst those are tlie figures given me by friends in trade. Iu this connection there should be considered tho contingencies to which railroad capital is subjected—which are certainly as great as the contingencies af fecting either'mercantile or manufactur ing enterprises. Money once invested in a railroad caunot be moved. The build ing of a competing line may destroy its value, and there is no help for it. But a steamboat may go to another river, or a merchant may remove his stock of goods to another market, or a manufacturer his machinery to another site, which may of fer better opportunities, aU with compara tively little expense. Again, the principal calamity which can befall a merchant or a manufacturer is fire, agaiust which lie can insure. But every railroad company has daily at - risk the lives or limbs of thousands of travelers whose safety depends upon tbe sobriety, skill and faithful performance of duty of hundreds of employes, aud upon the strength of thousands of wheels and axles, couplings, rails, ties, spikes and all the myriad appurtenances oi a complete railroad. The only insurance against an accident which may involve a year’s earn ings Is In a careful attention and watchful supervision of all these matters, under all circumstances, rain or shine, storm or calm, heat or cold. No human care or foresight is adequate to absolutely insure safety in ail these risks. Iu addition to the ordinary dividends to its stockholders, every railroad should be allowed to earn a surplus fund, to take care of dividends when these accidents come, as well as when short crops aud financial crashes overtake them, in com mon with all other Investors,'except those who lend tbeir money at $ percent, amply secured. Perhaps I may say in addition, also, that, as building a railroad does not force anybody to use it, but still leave tbe com munity in possession of all tbe transporta tion facilities wbicli it bad before tbe road was built, unless they voluntarily abandon them.it should really be no matter of con cern to the community at large, whether tbe railroad turned out a very poor one, and paid Its stockholders little or nothing, as some manufacturing and mercantile enterprises do, or whether it should turn out a small “bonanza” and make its stockholders rich, as somo other mercan tile aud manufacturing enterprises do. But, at least, I hope your honorablo body will understand that 1 have never intended to be understood as saying that I considered 0 per cent, a reasonable maximum dividend to be allowed to rail road stockholders. • Very respectfully and sincerely yours, E. P. Alexander, Vice-President. while onr imports, mostly from England, were $1,170,000. These are facts.” Such facts completely upset the theory of New Englaud protection. Tbe argument iu favor of the present tariff ou the ground that the laboring classes are benefited by It is a taking oue, but is exploded by the fact that Canada is becoming depleted of her best laboring population because of the reaction of promises held out to it iu view of her highly protective system, and especially by the remembrance that it was during the existence of the present tariff that the laborers of this country were in greater distress, and the complaint was more general, than ever. But it is hard to root out old Ideas on this subject. Harder atill is it to bring about a change under such leadership as established this system of “legalized robbery.” Neverthe less the time has fully come to try it. For tiiat reason every revenue reformer is wel come to the front from whatever camp he comes. The Pullman Comuanv Floored. Baltimore, Jan. 3.—In the United States Circuit Court this morning, in the suit of tlie Pullman Palace Car Company agaiust the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad Company, for Infringement of the patent of complainants by the railroad company, incising Pullman sleeping cars on their roads, and praying an injunction against tlie railroad company, Judge Bond filed the opinion of the court refusing to grant the injunction. In the same court, in the case of D. K. Stewart vs. the President and Directors of the Chesapeake and Ohio Canal Conipa- ny, praying that defendants be enjoined from any further control and management of the canal, and asking (he appointment of a receiver, Judge Morns read the de cision of the court refusing to appoint a receiver. . . The New American Cables. The republication here (in London) to-day ot the cable correspondence be tween Mr. Pender and Mr. Gould con cerning the two new American cables con tracted for by Siemens Brothers, says the London correspondent of the World, has caused much excitement among those in terested in cable stock. Dispatches from New York bring the information that tlie subscriptions to.the new American cable corapauy are about equally divided be tween the leading owners of tbe American Union Telegraph Company and a syndi cate of tbe largest customers of the ex isting cable companies among tlie merchants aud bankers of New York. This information greatly disconcerts Mr. Pender and his friends, who cannot un derstand how Americans should be capable of tbe audacity of entering into a serious competition with the “interna tiunal leviathan” in tbe business of ocean telegraphy. They now begin to perceive that tlie business of swelling a cable stock opt of all proportion to its business by taking over successive enterprises with an eye to a grand cable mouoply may be overdone. The intensity of arctic gold.— The chronicler of Lieutenant Schwalka’s recent expedition in search of the remains of Sir John Franklin records some inter esting facts regarding the great cold of the Arctic regions. The lowest temperature met with by tbe company was 103 degrees below the freezing point, or seventy-one degrees below zero, Fahrenheit, a degree of cold almost impossible to imagine by tbe people of more temperate climes. Tbe effects of such intense cold upon tlie hu man system were not' so marked in the case of the lieutenant and his companions as might be supposed, and even during a month in which the average temperature was sixty-five degrees below zero the health of the parly remained unimpaired. The men adapted them selves as much as possible to the habits of tbe natives, feeding largely upon blub ber and fat meat, by which tbe vital beat was sustained. Plenty of game was found by the adventurers, wbo were able to secure with their repeating rifles enough reindeer at oue time to last them for several days. The difficulty of ap proaching these animals was often very great, for in the still, cold air tlie step of a man npon the snow could be heard two miles away, and the grating of the sledge runners resounded like the clashing of tempered steel. The Boston Traveller has hit upon a very sensible plan to give poor women work and money, and we would not be surprised if some of them will take the hint. It is excellent. The Traveller says:. “If some women who want bread, not tbe baliot, would set up a mending estab lishment to repair tlie clothhigof business men Who have no one to do it for them, she might originate a new industry for whicli there is a great demand. There are thousand of men in this city who have no wives, mothers or sisters to give that little stitch in time which a wardrobe constant ly requires, to sew on the prorerbial but tons, darn the rent, which is tlie accident of the hours, or to adjust the fit of a ready made garment, which usually needs a lit tle attention. Now here is an employ ment for women for which the demand is simply overwhelming. It requires no cap ital to begin. There is no red tape about it. A five-cent thimble, a paper of nee dles and a half dozen spools of thread will start tbe enterprise. It will require no advertising. The first customer will be perfectly sure to advise his fellow-suffer ers as to where this new enterprise is lo- 1 oca ted. Once established, needed belp could be. employed, and arrangements made to receive all work that caine.” “Legalized Bobbery." It U pleasant to notice that thoughtful •a in various parts of the country, now that General Garfield is assured of his are turning tbeir attention to the fol ly and injustice of tbe present tariff. Since party feeling has abated and party success is no longer in jeopardy a good many Re publicans are beginning lo wake up to the need of tarifil reform. The last Democratic candidate fur Governor of Massachusetts characterized the present tariff as a “legal ized robbery.” An examination of it will justify tlie characterization. A Republi can writer—Mr. Sherman, of New York— shows by facts and figures that “the fos tering hand of protection has cost the United States one-half of ita shipping, one-half or two-thirds of its com merce and one-fifth of Us manufactures, saying nothing of tbe enormous loss occasioned to tbe largely dominant agricultural class.” As respects the manufacturing interest, claimed to be specially benefited by tbe present tariff, he says: “Our exports of cotton goods in 1879 were only $10,850,000, and were actually less by over 100,000 than in 1880. The exports of cotton goods from Englaud in 1879 were $60,000,000 more than In 1860. The mere increase of the annual rate ot exports from England was nearly six times as great as the whole of onr exports. As to cutlery, the whole of onr exports to about enough for one Sheffield store— > >’* ... Hla%' J® DEATH OH THE CABS. A Northern Lndr Mm *b the Ours Between Hardaway and Albany. Yesterday morning tbe passengers in the sleeping car of the Savannah, Florida and Western railway train, en route to this city, were the unexpected and sym pathetic witnesses of a scene that was so sad in its nature and peculiar surround ings as to cast a gloom over ail, strangers though they were to the dying one and tbe loved ones around her. Mr. G. W. Blake, of Chariton, Iowa, was returning home with his sick wife from Florida, whither she bad been taken in the last stages of consumption some five weeks ago, hoping a change to a mild er climate would restore her former health, or at least prove or some benefit. She was accompanied to Jacksonville by her tl;ree cbildren, tbe eldest of whom is a bright boy of twelve years, aud tlie youngest a little prattler of only seventeen months. Tbe mother and children were afterwards billowed by tlie fond husband and father, wbo, finding that his wife was growing weaker every day, and being ad vised by physicians that she must surely die, resolved to return home with her, as she preferred to die there. They left Jack sonville on a through sleeper on Thurs day afternoon, and were nearing ibis city on their journey when the death scene above rclerred to occurred. Mrs. Blake was taken with one of the severe spells of coughing which characterize the disease of consumption, and rapidly sunk under it. Being very weak, she died like one asleep. Captain J. S. Kneiler, tlie efficient and noble-hearted conductor of tlie train, did all in his power for the dying lady, aud was afterwa:ds very kind to the bereaved husband and cbildren. Learuingthat the family were Episcopalians, and that tbe deceased was a consistent member of that denomination, Captain Kneiler, as soou as be arrived in tbe city, proceeded to tbe rectory of St. Paul’s church, and apprised tho Rev. Mr. Pond of tbe death aud cir cumstances. This was all tiiat was nec essary, for soon a parly of such kind and benevolent ladies ol fc't. Patti's church as Mrs. L. E. Welch, Mrs. W. E. Mitchell, Mrs. Nelson Tift, Mrs. Fannie Nelson and Mrs. T. D. Dupont, were ou their way to where the sleeper had been left on a side track near tbe passenger depot. These la dies took charge of tbe remains of tbe dead stranger, neatly dressed them, and saw them laid into the handsome metalic cas ket wliicli tbe bereaved husbaud had pro cured in which to carry them to tbe fami ly home in Chariton, Iowa. Owing to an accident to the engtno which carries the northern-bound train from this city to Smithville, no train went out on tlie Southwestern road yesterday, and Sir. Blake had to lay over. He will proceed on his sad journey homeward on the 12:15 train to-day. He and his now motherless children have our sincere sym pathy in tins, their greitest of all affiict- ions—to him tlie loss of wife—to them the loss of mother!—Albany Neics and Ad vertiser. Cold Weather Eighth-Four Years Ago.—Col. Moses White has called pur attention, says the Knoxville Tribune, .to the following communication in the Knoxville Gazette of January 8th, 1787— tbe first paper printed in the State. The item was furnished by some one living near the mouth of Little Tennessee: “For a few weeks past the weather has been colder than ever experienced In tlie memory of tbe oldest inhabitant. On tlie evening of tlie 22d of December the Ten nessee river was entirely ires ofice; on tlie morningofthe 23d ice was moving down in great bodies, and on the 24lh tho river was passable for foot and horse. On tlie 25th (Christmas) Mr. Silas Flinsuiore, agent for tbe Cberokees, and Samuel R. Davidson, commanding at Tellico Block House, gave a dinner on tbe ice to a com pany' of ladies and gentleine... (Contigu ous to the place of entertainment two quarters ot a bear was barbecued, and tbe ice was found of sufficient thickness to bear fire sufficient to liave roasted an os.” Rev. Gbouhdfea Jim. — This old Yineville worthy, who for to many years has dispensed his sassafras beer and parch ed groundnuts at his well known stand in tha suburbs of the city, on New Year’s day, safely passed bis 85lh birth day. The genial face of the old man and his pleasant smiles are familiar to hundreds of the community. The old preacher still holjlsforth every Sunday, aud faithfully carries with him into the pulpit the well thumbed Teetament and hymn book,which he at least goes through the motions of reading, S He has considerable knowledge of the criptures and is a harmless, honest and respectable colored citizen. Long may he continue to live and serve his juvenile ail the wex'ld'in'iSTS waw'onhr $«&,66b-^ Mernis, wbo all love him, with tbeir fa- Moscular Men. Among tire Greeks the successful ath lete was crowned with laurels and loaded down with wealth and honors. When Egenetus, in the ulr.ety-secoud Olympiad, triumpbantingaines, entered Asrigentum, his native home, he was attended by au escort of three hundred chariots, each drawn by two white horses, aud followed by the populace, cheering and waviug banners. Milo six times won tlie palm at the Olympic and Pitbian games. He is said lo have run a mile with a four-year old ox upon Iris shoulders, and afterwards killed the animal with one blow of his fist, and ate tho entire carcass In one day! So great was his muscular power that he would bind a cord around his head and break it by the swelling and 'pressure of the veins. An ordinary meal for Milo was twenty pounds of meat, as muck bread, and fifteen pints of wine. Polydamus, of Thessalia, was of colos sal height and prodigious strength, aud, it is said, alone and without weapons, killed au enormous and enraged lion. One day, it is recorded, be seized a bull by its bind feet, and the animal escaped only by leaving tbe hoof in tbe grasp of tbe athlete. The Roman Emperor Maximinlus was upward of eight feet iu height, and, like Milo, of Crotona, could squeeze to pow der the hardest stooe with his fingera aud break tbe leg of a horse by a kick. His wife’s bracelet served him as a ring, and Ills every day repast was sixty pounds of meat aud au amphora of wine. While a prisoner in Germany, Richard I. accepted an invitation to* a boxing match with the son of his jailer. He re ceived tlie first blow, which made him stagger, but recovering, with a blow of bis fist he killed his antagonist on the spot. Topham, also au Englishman, born in 1710, was possessed ot astonishing strength. His armpits, hollow in tbe case of ordinary men, were yritli him full of muscles aud tendons. He would take bar of iron, with iu two ends held in bis bands, place tlie middle of the bar behind bis neck, and then bend the extremities by main force until they met together, and 'bend back tbe iron straight again. One night, seeing a watchman asleep iu his box, be carried both the man and bis stiell to a great distance, and pul them on the wall of a church-yard. Owing to do mestic troubles, he committed suicide in the prime of life The fameus Scauderberg, King of Alba nia, who was born in 1414, was a man of great stature, and bis feats of sword exer cise have never been equaled. Ou one occasion, with a scimitar, he struck his antagouist such a blow that iu force cleaved him to the waist. He is said to have cloven iu two men who were clad iu armor from head to foot. Ou oue occa sion tbe brother aud nephew of a certain Baliabau. who had been canvicled of cru elties toward the Albanians, were brought to him bound together. Transported with rage, he cut them iu two with oue stroke of his weapon Maurice, Count of Saxony, tho hero of Foutciioy, inherited the physical figor of his father, aud was especially noted for his surprising muscular power or “grip,” in his bauds. Ou one occasion, needing a corkscrew, he twisted a long iron nail round into tlie required shape with liis f.ugers aud opened a half dozen bottles of wine with it. Another time, stopping at a blacksmith shop to have his horse shod, be picked up a number of new horseshoe* and snapped them in two as readily a* if made of glass, much to Die disgust of the smith. If history is to be believed, Pbaryiius of Crotona, could jump a distance of fifty- six feet- The exercise was practiced at the Olympic games and formed part of tlie course of ilie Pentathlon. Strutt, au bne I is h authority ou games aud amuse ments, speaks of a Yorkshire jumper French work published In Pari* fa 174#, eutitled “Tbe Tracts Towards tbe History of Wonders Performed at Fain,” men tioned an Englishman, who at the fair of St. Germain in 1724, leaped over forty people without touching oue of them. I« our own day ve are familiar wfth any remarkable exposition* of strength and endurance. Dr. Winsbip, with tbe aid «f straps, lifted a weight of 3,500 sounds, and with tbe little Unger of Ids right hand oouid raise his body a considerable distance from the ground. THK MACON AYR BRUNSWICK. ■■ » ♦ Tbe Allsits Extessaiem Will be BwfM U. W. G. in Ik* Con*iit»ti«n ] ! / : I had a talk with Mr. B. T. Wilson t/ y. day, and asked him what he intendeds! do about tbe Macon and Brunswick road. “Why, we intend to build it right through so as to get to Atlanta. Our en gineers are now at work, and as soon as they report we will push the work right along.” « “When do you think yoa will get tl * work ?” “I should say early in the spring. Of course these things cannot be rushed ahead, but £ am satisfied that we win throw the first dirt before April is over. Wo have fully determined to extend the road promptly. It is our contract to da so, hut outside of any contract it Is our In terest lo do so.” * “What route will you take?* “My impression is that we will hnlld directly to Atlanta. I undershsnd that tlie distance to Atlanta direct will be only ninety-three miles, and it will take sixty- live miles of building to get to Covington. So that we would only have twenty-eight miles further to bnild to get into Atlanta by a direct line of our own. Of course I do not know tiiat these figures are official and correct, but they appear to be reliable. If they are, I should say that we would build to Atlanta. As I understand it, there is a common route as far as Montt- cello, and that in either event tbe road will go direct from Macon to that point.” Colonel Wilson exhibited a lively in terest in the future of the Georgia \Vest- ern—and with reason. A glance at the map will show that when he has a line from Brunswick to Atlanta, he must break across tho country and connect with his Memphis and Charleston system. On his private map I noticed four routes care fully pencilled for tlie Georgia Western— and while none of them are built it was a comfort to see them even projected on pa per. Colouei McGhee vice president and manager of the Wilson & McGhee systems, in discussing the condition of tbe South, said: “I never saw such prosperity as we have In East Tennessee at present. The whole country Is teeming with produce of all sorts and it looks as if the material wealth of that favored section was ex haustless. Our trains are loaded to their capacity all the time. Indeed, It would be impossible for our roads to earn anoth er dollar than they are now earning, with ' tlieir present rolling slock. They are car rying all that tlie cars will hold and the engines can pull!” The British Cabinet. The Loudon correspondent of the World telegraphs ou Friday: “A most important meeting of the cabinet wili be held to-morrow. It is understood that it will be devoted entirely to tbe considera tion oi Irish affairs. The form that coer cion wilt take in Ireland will oe tha priiw- •? cipal question discussed. Chief tary Forster arrived in town from Irelr to-night, and it is hoped by sensible ft of all parties that his mind may at least have been made up iu regard to tlie policy which the government should pursue. His vacillation in dealing with the Irish question has been the means of repeatedly impeding tbe action of tlie ministry, and has gone far towards placing them in a false attitude before the country. COERCION AND THE LAND BILL SIDE BT SIDE. | Tlie impression gains ground that the government will decide to introduce measures far coercion colncidently with tbe new hkid bill. A Hew Southern Bonto to the Sea. Within a few days past a new Southern route to Charleston and tbe sea has been organized by tlie purchase of tha Ken tucky Central Railroad and the formation of connection, Ihps described by tits Cin cinnati Gazette: ■ The new route to the sea will: be over tlie following liue; By tbe Kentucky Central to Lexington, and over an exten sion of the Central to Livingston, Ken tucky, where the road will connect with the Louisville and Nashville Railroad, thence by the Louisville and Nashville to the Tennessee State liue, where the new trunk line is to connect with the Knox ville and Ohio Railroad, which i* to to extended by tlie Atlantic, Mississippi and Olii > Railroad, which controls it from Its present, terminus, CareyvilW, Tnnntsro*. to the junction at the State lino specified, tbeoce by the Knoxville sad Ohio, Atlan tic, Mississippi and Ohio, and CtostsstoR and Augusta Railroads, to Ctortnetoo, South Carolina, forming an nil Mohan trunk line through tbe 8outh to tho At lantic ocean. The probability is that i be new road will enter this city ovei the Pennsylvania railroad bridge, at the foot of Butier street, though, as lit. Natter jokingly remarked, perhaps tbe Southern Railway might like to have tbe new road come in over its bridge. Is the opinion of Mr. Nettor the new road will to in a better position to command the Southern trade than the Southern Railway, because of tbe combinations which wilt be made with the PiUaburg, Cincinnati, and St. Louis, C., 1.; St, L. and C., and other roads running north, east and west from tliis city. In a financial point of view, Mr. NeUcr considered the investment oue of ilia best of tbe day. Tbe road was now paying 4 per cent., and be expected to see the stock recently purchased quoted at par within a year.. vorite parched “plndars.” age ofeighteen leaped, without the aid of a springinc-bo*rd,over nine horses ranged side by side. He cleared a cord extended fourteen feet from the ground with one bound, crushed with Ins foot a bladder suspended at a height of sixtee^i feet, and on another occasion he lightly cleared a large wagonoovored with an awning. Colonel Ironside^ who lived in India early in this century, relates tiiat he met in his travels an old white haired man who with one leap sprang over tho back of an enormous. elephant flanked by six Who Can Tell.—Can any one tell why men who cannot pay small bills can always find money to buy liquor and treat when among friends ? Cau any one tell why it is that some mothers are'always ready to sew for tto heathen Ubeu tlieir own cbildren are ragged and dirty ? Can any one tell how men live and sup port their families wbo have no income and no work,while others, who are indus trious, are half starved ? Can any one tell why four-fifth* of tto young ladies prefer a brainless fop, under a plug hat, with tight panta and a shot coat, to a man with brains ? Can any one tell how young men who are always behind with tbeir landlords _ ^ r __ can play billiards, nigbt and day, and al- named Ireland, whosh powers were mar- L w *> - * be ready for a game of cards when velous. He was six feet high, and at the’ "weney is at stake? , — Can any one tell why a man wbo is al ways complaining that ho cannot afford 1b f subscribe for the local newspaper, and every week borrow it Irom bis neighbor, can afford to attend every traveling shear that comes into town P sti The Chattanooga Tunes of the fltii s*j% country produce is dreadfully scared to that dty, it being very difficult to buY> potato, cabbage, egg, or pound of better. These articles are reaching wjsp fWWSh camels of the .largest breed. A curious Eggs are difficult to obtain iff saj? prices-