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Land of Pi'omiae.
(TO AND FROM )
l!y Rf.v. C. O'N. Maktindai.u.
ARTICLE XX.
TURKEY [Continued]
I 5! Syria
northeast of the
(El-Leja; and Auranitis,
last, the modern j sceaea a in) customs all about. The
to the college, though having no organic
southeast of llatataea, including relation to any Mission or Board,
the mountainous district of the having its own board of trustees in
Hauran and the pi tin to the west New York and its own field board
of it. The Greek towns to the of dirtctors in Syria, as far
as its
n*. arly
i ian»
di its nionc)’ from l’resby
ami Presbytetians too who
Beyrouth and its
rons.
the
ted from El Yemen or South Ara
bia, the land situated to "the
right”, the Turkish appellation
for Syria being Suristan. The
division of the country by the
'l urks was into fi ve pashalics: A!
eppo, Tripoli, Damascus, Said (af
terwards Acre), and Palest ne.
This distribution, however, lias
been modified no little as centu
ries passed; so that the divisions
at this time are these: bust, the
vilayet of Aleppo, with 3 sanjaks
of Aleppo. Marasl , and Urfa. Sec
ond, the independent sanjak of
/or. Third, the vilayet of Jb-irut,
including the co si south ol the
mouth ol the Orontcs. the moun
tain district of the Nosairi and
Lebanon to the south of Tripoli,
east of the Jordan, Damascus, Ge-' finances a e concerned, has gotten
rasa, Philadelphia, etc., along will
Scythopobs, to the west of thejt
Jordan, formed a moreor less pe(- are famous tor their loyal and gen-
eious support of regular Presbyte
rian work both at home and
abroad.
Its distinguished lorn.er I’resi
dent, Dr. Daniel Bliss, was origi
nally a member of the Syrian Mis
sion, which is under the Northern
Presbyterian Board. It has 647
students from all over the East;
seventy four per cent, of whom
this last year piid their way to the
utmost piaster. It was in the beau
tiful Assembly Hall, in which we
were publicly received and accord
ed welcome addresses by President
Howard Bliss and his venerable
lather and others, where the late
lamented Dr. Maltbie D. Babcock,
ol N. Y., preached his last sermon.
Its students arc professional lead
ers, men of affairs, officials in
government service—many under
Envi- manent political unit under
name ol Decapolis.
The whole of this region of Sy-
According to the best authority, ria and Palestine, so far as the Le
the Arabs call Syria Esh-Sham, vantine coast is concerned, may
and include under tnat name Pal be divided into three sections; pro-
estinc (Filittin), the designation ! ceeding from the north to south:
Esh-Sham signifying the land sit First, Syria proper, or the Leba-
uated to “the left” as disertmina- non District, reached by the port
of Beyrout, or Beirut. Second,
Phoenicia and Galilee, reached by
the port of Haifa, or Caifa. Third,
Samaria and Judaea, reached by
the port of Jaffa, or Joppa.
While the great body of our
Cruise went on down the coast
either to disembark nt Haifa, or
lower yet at Jaffa, a goodly num
ber of us left the ship at Beyrout
or the trip up and over the Leba
non Mountains to Baalbek, theno
across the Anti-Lebanon Moun
tains down to Damascus, the re
nowned Syrian capital, and on
horseback thence through the full
length and breadth of the Holy
Land to the Holy City of Jcrusi-
lem and beyond. The ship stop
ped long enough at Beyrout, how
farther the town of Beirut and the lover, for all aboard go ashore and
country between the sea and the
Jordan from Saida to north of Jaf
fa. It is divided into 5 sanjaks:
Lanikiyeh, Tarabulus, Beiru*, ‘Ak
ka [Acre |, and the Bclka. Fourth,
Lebanon, south of Tripoli to the
north of Saida exclusive oi the
lown of Beirut, forms an indepen
dent saniak, administered by a
governor-general. Fifth, the vil
ayet of Snriya [Syria] comprises
the country from llama to the Hi
jar.. The capital is Damascus.
The vilayet is divided into to san-
•.tfes of Hama, Damascus, and 11a
uran. Si$Fh, Jerusalcr.t ,r n ” in
dependent sanjak under a mtitc-
sarrif of the first class. At the
head of each vilayet is a Vali or
governor general, whose province
is divided :nto so many depart
ments —sanjak, liwa presided
over by a Mutesarrif; each de
partment again is divided into so
many divisions—kaimm aka ml ik,
knda—each under a Kaimmakam;
the divisions again contain dis
tricts [mudiriyeh, nahiya) under
Mudirs, and these again arc divid
ed into communes. The area of
ancient Palestine, which once dr-
take short excursions in and out
of this the most important corn-
commercial town of Syria and the
most important seaport on the
coast of Syria, and more European
than any other city of Turkey in
Asia, being the sixth city of the
Empire and practically the centre
of the Oriental hook trade in l’al-
stinc and Syria, the population
numbering about 130,000 of whom
only a small percentage are Mu
hammadans. "The Greek Ortho
dox church is by far the most nu
merous, and is closely allowed by
the Maronite and then comes the
Greek Catholics who are largely
represented. There are twice as
many Romanists as Protestant,
about 1,500 Jews, and 2,500 m'isal-
laneous Christians." It now
boasts of being the only Syrian
town having a large and safe har
bor between Port Said and Trip
oli, and place ot export for all the
Damascus trade. The ruins oi a
picturesque Crusading Castle are
to be seen on the margin of the
sea near the harbor.
Situated on St. George’s Bay,
its foreshore covered with dwell-
Religious Tra
abcut $15,000,
Tract Society
American Bibl
keep the wheels
summer, and
finished Bibles
in
t ociety owns
the American
1,ood; while the
(Society's orders
|ying winter and
storeroom for
nearly always
empty.. One s imagination must
tak-- a wide fight completely rour.d
the earth to kno w whither all the
Bibles go. The two largest
presses can turn out 50,000 per
twenty every
annum, or over
working hour. If called upon to
do so, the output <~'"ild soon be
doubled to 100,00c; ar,d even then
we could wish this record tenfold
more. The Bible in whole or in
parts is found for sale in 70 dif
fered forms. Thelpublications of
the press in the liitest catalogue
are just 700; and ;
Bibles, these publi
77>coo pages plus
other 7,000 (91.0
Christian literatui
foundation it has
over 700,000,000 pag
two ibitds of which
of (>o( ! Eighteen
1 hundred and fortv-t
1 pages < f the Word
the British in Egypt—preachers, prime
teachers; and in all ranks of life Dec. 30,
they are the coming men of the Brth
Levant. Its spiritual aim is clear, wherein
“The opportunities for re igious Mcili
work and influence in lh<- college onfy trea
are unbounded. If they do not in ’.ra
correspond with the usual and con
ventional opportunities, they are
not the less real; perhaps they are
all the greater for being different
from the ordinary means of ap
proach. To discover and to utilize
these opportunities in such a way
as to make impressive and urgent
the supreme importance of living
one’s life according to God’s plan
and in the spirit of Jesus Christ,
this is our great task, this is our
great privilege. Here, as becomes
a great Chrjctlair institution, our
cc.’Lge must lead. Here must her
true success be estimated, We are
bound by our very name to set so
high, so noble, so broad, so ecu
menical a type of Christianity be
fore our students, and through
them before the world, as to en
able them, as fearless students of
science, as ardent lovers of litera
ture, as eager investigators of
history, as wise disciples of phil
osophy, to hold to all that is fine,
and chivalrous, and noble, and true
spite its waste places must have 1 ings of red-tiled rooves and walls
had 340 to 4S0 per square mile,is at j of salmon, pink, blue or green col-
present occupie 1 by about 650,000 j or, and backed by groves of mul-
inhabit.mts or nearly
to the square mile.
63 persons berry and pomegranate, and farth-
i er up with sloping hillsides terrac-
In the time of Christ the whole led for cultivating corn and vines
ol Syria, exclusive ot trie Jewish
territories, formed a Roman prov
ince under the name of Syria.
The historian Josephus [ Bell. Jud.
iii. i 5 1 inlorms us that these Jew
ish territories were divided into
the following: First, Judaea, in
eluding Idumaea. Second, Sama-
ar.d olives, with the mountains
I snow-capped in springtime in the
distance, lies Beyrout on the site
of the Berytus of the ancient
Greeks and Romans. From the
j third to the sixth centuries it was
a renowned seat of learning,and is
; now rapidly regaining the reputa-
Juring the
1903. •
time ai.
to tell of
Missiuna:
’ing indoor
m i n is: e r i n;
r t from the
It
,ons contain
000 and an-
pi pages ol
Since its
>ted in ai
more than
_• the Word
lion seven
> thousand
God were
Mr ending
li
fail us
r splendid
work—not
utients bui
r i suff.rvrs
paining and
S tliis region,
listic arm of
4>y say here
in crowded clinic
Industrial Schools in
And as to the Evan;
the work, wc can si
that "outdoor preaching is re
stricted by law and the customs
of the land, but in churches,schools
and private houses, or about the
tents ot missionaries touring, good
audiences can be secured. The
people are usually friendiy, and
there is more indifference than
hostility. ’ And the educational
method has been popular and suc
cessful for a public school system
is lacking, and the people are
anxious to educate their bright
children; and of course this gives
those Christians in charge of such
institutions great opportunity to
make the impress of the C uistian
religion felt;, and while all their
pupils may not become Christians,
yet the type of teaching through
which the scholars are put will
contribute no little to the redemp
tion of the Empire in God’s good
many other excellent scholastic in
stitutions. 1
As soon as we passed through
ria, which extends to the north of ,tion it once possessed for learning
Shechem as far as the north mar- ,and literature under the influence
gin ot the plain. Third, Galilee, 1 of the American College and its
the region farther north, consist
ing of lower, south, ,'tnd upper
north ‘Galilee. .Fourth, Peraea,
•the country beyond’; to the east i the wicket gate and doors of the
oi Jordan, extending from the Jor-! custom house on the dock, and
dan to the district of Gerasa, Jer-; with some misgiving had surren-
ash, and Philadelphia, 'Amman, dered our passports and caretully
and from the Arnon, Wady el-Mo- labelled baggage to the officials,
jib, to the district of Fella, Khir-' we took carriages driven by hur-
bet Fahil; though in the wider rying Jehus to the chief front of
scqse Peraea extended as far north
as the Hieromyces. Fifth, the te-
interest, the Syrian Protestant
College, whose 16 or more up-to-
trarchy ot Philip, which included date buildings with professional
schools would adorn any Ameri-
l higher learning;
Gaulanit s, the modern Jolan, ex
tending east trom the Lake of Ti- can institution
berias and north as far as Hermon; occupying a 40 acre
Batanaea, farther to the east, the with a magnificen
modern En N. : Traction it is, to westw;.: '. n the
in all religions and to discover the j time.
secret of the uiverse in Christ’s | A British company supplies the
attitude toward God, and man,and | city with water from moder n res
ide. A suspicion of latitudinar-
lanism must be met by the con
vincing power of a Christ-like life,
and a fear lest old foundations be
unsettled must be met by the un
shakable victory of a consecrated
lifer" Our Beyrout Female Semi
nary, accommodating more than
200, is under the manigementof
Dr. H. H. Jessup’s daughter, and
is accomplishing a like work for
the girls of the land, being design
ed by its founders "as one of the
agencies for evangelizing Syria by
benefitting intellectually and
spiritually the pupils brought un
der its instruction, and indirectly
to carry light and blessing through
them to their homes and the cir
cles of their influence.”
In connection with the Presby
terian Mission in Beyrout and the
extensive educational system
throughout the whole region of
Syria the Publication House does
a notable work; the press supply
ing all neighboring missions and
the people with Bibles, education
al text-books, religious reading,
scientific works, and a standard
literature in pure and elegant Ara
bic to all using that language,from
Morocco to India. The facts are
these: The Beyrout Press today
long the latter line to Alepf
where ju-icti* n will be made witj
the Konieh-Baghdad Railway
Not far teyor.d the city on tl
smooth facer *.f the ro:ky wall
near the Nahrel-Kelb (“Dc
River”) fi swing through a will
and majestic gorge, are to be seem
Cuneilorni Inscriptions and'
Sculptures rock cut, three Egypt-,
ian and six Assyrian sculptured
tablets; one of the Egyptian ao-
propriated by the French for an
inscription commemorating their
occupation of the country in i860;
while on the old road between the
bridge and the top of the pass are
one Latin and two Greek inscrip
tions additional. Next wc climb
over the Lebanons to Baalbek.
To be continued. 1
PILES
‘‘I linve attflc-Teri with 1nU * for thirty-*!*
Otic year Apo mst Ap^il 1 I taking Cascairti
for o'lriFtiputfoTi. In tho onnm- ;>f n weH; I notlc^l
tlw nil* ► hfjfcftn to di*.bppcar ami rt, tlx* rnd of *. *
w«*» k* they old not trotibh* me nt all. CnK.*ar*tt
'. nr woudrra fnrtr». I ran « ntlraly mr. 1
ik** a new mau.’ Oeorf iirj<lt*r, Napoleon. O.
ftoj ,
Best For
The Bowels
v f mv uuwero ^
BssasaiKito
CANDY CATHARTIC
I*ever S
ipid In hqlk.
Guaranteed to
i'ftlntnh’.**. Patent. Tn*te Gore) Do Otvj.L
n, Weaken f r Grip**. H»<\ n.V .Mr N« v »r
“hr genuine tablet stnn u* . COO.
nre or yrur inn nay hack.
Sterling Remedy Co., Chicago cr N.Y. 503
ANNUAL SALE, TEN MILLION BOXES
Ours, Yours and
Uncle Sam's Favorite•"
THE CENTURY
Rural Mail Box
v tin.- p. o. rvpt.
t-p.U <>( it in th'ihighest
1 kir-.,e‘ t, niofit access-
iai) Fox on the market.
'I he L-cst is always the cheapest.
Send for Circulars.
MAI T. UY THE
CENTURY POST CO.,
Tccutrtceh, P.tich.
eh Rural
ervoirs near the Dog River, while
a French company supplies it with
gas. The French and English
tongues are very widely used, the
latter chiefly in the American
schools and college and the fine
British Syrian schools and mis
sions. The climate is salubrious
and delightful, especially in the
winter and spring, though some
times becoming very hot in sum
mer, yet even then tempered by
the sea breezes and contiguity to
the heights of Lebanon, with its
summer resortsfrom 3,000 to 5,000
feet above sea level. All the great
religious sects and their schools
are here represented; and the old
crusader church of St. John is now
a Mosque. But few antiquities,
save in the way of broken columns
and slabs are found about Beyrout;
and the bazaars, while good, are
yet poor as compared with those
of Caffo and Damascus.
Beyrout has handsome Turkish
soldier barracks and a good garri
son, an English postoffice and In
ternational Telegraph offices, and
railway station for the Beyrout-
Damascus-Hauran line at the
Port. This road from Beyrout to
Damascus is nar-ow guage, but
from Reyak (the junction) the line
BILIOUSNESS
A N D •
constipation
CURED BY<
THEDFORDS
BLACK DRAUGHT
Because the liver is
. neglected people suffer
•with constipation, biliousness,
headaches and fevers. Colds attack
the lungs and contagious diseases
take hold of the system. It is safe
to say that if the liver were always
kept in proner working order,
illness would r>e almost unknown.
Thedford’s Black-Draught. > so I
successful in curing such sickness
because it is without a rival tv a '
liver regulator. This great family I
medicine is not a strong and
drastic drug, but a mild and
healthful laxative that cures con
stipation and may be taken by •
mere child without possibleI
harm.
The healthful action on the liver |
cures biliousness. It has an in
vigorating effect on the kidneys.
Because the liver and kidneys do I
not work regularly, the poisonous
acids along with the waste from
the bowels get back into the blood |
and virulent contagion results.
Timely treatment with Thed- 1
ford's Black-Draught removes the
dangers which lurk in constipation,
liver and kidney troubles, and will
positively forestall the inroads of!
Bright's disease, for which dis
ease’ in advanced stages there is I
no cure. Ask your dealer for a
25c. package of Thedford's Black- J
Draught.
tract of land is worth no less than $90,000, an-j ;over the Lebanon range to Baal-!'
view to the its stock (bound and unbound) an-j bek, Homs,
a znu Oriental other ;*90,0 o. Of this stock the gunge;
and Hamath is fu’l
retention being to pro
mT TY$KlMIYCHRI
Makes Kidneys and Bladder R<gM
