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THE GEORGIA BIRD LAW
What Birds Should Be Killed
and Those Protected.
WENT IN EFFECT JANUARY 1, 1904
A*
Hon. John C. King, County School
Commisioner of Floyd County, Send*
Out Very Important Letter and It
Should Receive Careful Study.
We heartily commend the action of
Hon. John C. King, School Commis
sioner of Floyd County, in requesting ’
the teachers of said county to read to
their assembled schools .com time to '
time the following important Georgia j
■ Jaw. It would be well for every teach
er in the entire Stale to do likewise, i
The following are designated as !
game birds and may be killed in their I
season; their eggs must not be taken
nor their nests disturbed;
Wild turkeys, pheasants or grouse,
prairie chickens, patridges, quails,
doves, woodcocks, snipes, plovers,
rails, mudhens, coots, gallinules,
swans, geese, brant, river and sea
ducks, surLblrds, sand pipers, tatlers,
curlews.
The following are designated as In
jurious birds and ntny be killed at
any time; and their eggs and nests
destroyed; but only the owls and
hawks named, for all the others are
Charmless, and the farmer’s friend:
Great horned owls, sharp shinned
hawks (commonly known as little blue
darter), Cooper's hawk (known as the
big blue darter, or chicken hawk),
crows, crow blackbirds, field larks,
English sparrows, ricebirds, jackdaws,
cuckoos or raincrows.
The following are some of the com
mon and familiar birds that are classed
as useful insect-eatiug, or song-birds,
and cannot be killed at uuy time,
There are many others:
Barred or round-headed owl, all
hawks, except two; all cranes and
herons, all sparrows, except English;
all woodpeckers, all finches, all vlreos,
all warblers, bee martin (king bird),
bluebird, bluejay screech owl, bullbat
(chuck-wills-wldow), butcher-bird the
shrike), catbird, cardinal (redbird),
Cedarblrd (waxwing), hummingbird,
Indlgobird, joree (ground-robin) king
fisher, martins, mockingbird, ovenblrd
(wood-thrush), orchard oriole, rose,
breasted grosbeak, robin, redwing
blackbird, rusty blackbird, snowbird
(chickadee), swallow, scarlet tanna-
ger, thrush, wrens, yellowhammer
(Dicker).
The penalty for violation of these
.laws is $5.00 or thirty days In jail,
or both, for killing, catching or having
in possession alive or dead, any'pro-
tected bird or part therof, or any nest
tr eggs of part thereof, and this ap
plies to each bird killed, or caught, and
to each nest and eggs taken or de
stroyed, but any person is allowed to
have any bird as a pet, provided it Is
not sold or exchanged or transporter
out of the State.
A certificate may be granted for a
period of one year at a time, by the
Commissioner of Agriculture, to any
person over fifteen years of age, to
collect birds, nests or eggs for scien
tific purposes, provided such person
has been recommended by two well
known sc^ntific men as being of good
character and fitness to be intrusted
with such privilege, and such person
must file with the Commissioner of
Agriculture a properly executed bond
in the sum of $200 as an evidence of
good faith.
“There are less than half the num
ber of birds I nthe United States to
day, that there were ten years ago.
As the birds have been killed off, in
sects have Increased. The damage to
crops, gardens and orchards in 1902,
caused by insects, as estimated by the
United States Department of Agrlcul
ture amounted in the United States
to more than three hundred and fifty
millions of dollars.”
GA. DEPT. OF AGRICULTURE.
LETTERS ON AGRICULTURAL
CHEMISTRY BY THE STATE
CHEMIST.
Letter No. 7.
yielding both nitrogen and potash to
the plant, but it is much too expen
sive to buy in this form; it is there
fore better, or rather, cheaper to buy
nitrate of soda and muriate of potash
separately, and then mix them togetli
er, when we will accomplish practical
ly the same results from a fertilizing
standpoint, and for a smaller outlay of
money, than if we bought the same ele-
rnents In form of nitrate of potash. Ni
trate of soda is such an Important
salt for fertilizer purposes that I will
go into some little detail about it.
The entire supply at present comes
from the western coast of Chili. It
extends In a narrow strip of land run
ning north and south for about 2G0
miles, at an average distance of about
14 miles front the ocean. The coun
try where it is found is a desert, it
never rains there and the whole region
is bare of vegetation and destitute ol
water. The nitrate rock is called
“Caliche” (pronounced Ca-lee-chay)
and the best quality has the following
composition:
Sodium nitrate 50 percent.
Sodium Chlorida 20 per cent.
Sodium sulphate 0 per cent.
Magnesium sulphate 3 per cent.
Insoluble matter 14 percent.
Sodium lodate, sodium ni
trate magnesium chloride,
magnesium nitrate,, potas
sium chloride 1 per cent. 1
100
The average quality of “Caliche”
contains from thirty to forty per cent,
of sodium nitrate, and the poorest
quality worked ranges from seventeen
to thirty per cent, sodium nitrate. The
“Caliche" ocurs from six to ten feet
below the surface of the ground, and
the vein or stratum varies from a
foot and a half to twelve feet in thick
ness.
The process of extracting and sepa
rating the valuable nitrate of soda
front the rest of the “Caliche” is done
by means of water in which the ni
trate of soda dissolves, and from which
it Is crystallized. A description of the
process would be tedious. Suffice it
to say that a costly plant is required
for the purpose, and that the work is
so well done that the product when
finished contains about ninety-five per
cent, nitrate of soda, which is equiva
lent to 15.G5 per cent, of nitrogen, or
nineteen per cent, of ammonia. An
enormous and annually increasing
amount Is shipped every year. The
amount exported every yeur to Europe
and America is ubout one million tons.
ANIMAL PECULIARITIES.
NITRATE OF SODA.
Cottonseed-meal, blood, tankage,
etc., which I have described to you in
the last letter, are known as “organic”
sources of ammonia, or rather of ni
trogen. Habit is so strong, you see,
it is hard to get rid of the use of that
word ammonia. Nitrogen is much
the better term for our use. Besides
the organic sources of nitrogen we
also have what are known as the “in
organic” sources. I have explained
in a previous letter fully the meaning
of these two terms, but lest you may-
have forgotten. I will stop a moment
to say that an organic substance
may be either vegetable or animal,
thus a leaf, a seed, a piece of meat or
of skin are organic substances. An
inorganic substance is the opposite of
these, and is mineral in its nature. A
piece of rock or of iron is inorganic.
T'ne chief inorganic source of nitro
gen, ,hen, is nitrate of soda, also com
monly called “Chili Saltpetre;” salt
petre because it has many of the prop
erties of real saltpetre, which is ni
trate of potash, and Chili because it is
imported from Chili in South America.
Nitrate of potash or true saltpetre
is a very valuable fertilizing compound,
Character of Nitrate of Soda and Meth.
of Use.
The material has a great number of
uses besides its use as a fertilizer. It
is used in the manufacture of nitrate
of potash, which Is needed to make
gunpowder and fireworks; It is also
used to make nitric acid, is an essen
tial in the manufacture of sulphuric
acid, upon which the whole superphos
phate or acid phosphate Industry de
pends, besides a greut many other man-
facturing processes. Its great impor
tance as a fertilizer depends upon its
high percentage of nltrcWfen and its
complete solubility In water, thus be
ing already In the form of a nitrate,
the form In which plants prefer to
take most of their nitrogen. Tho ni
trate of soda being readily and freely
soluble in water, is ready for appropri
ation as plant-food us soon as it is put
into the soil. Hence, it is evident
that tho best way to use it is by ap
plication as a top dressing Immediately
before or after a rain, usually in the
spring, when the plant is up and needs
a good send-off to develop growth of
stalk and foliage. Used in this way,
the results are very sure and very
striking.
Flah and Crab* That Can Imitate
Their Surround Ini*;*.
Many insects, birds, animals and even
fish and crabs ore wonderfully clever
imitators. They will take upon them
selves the color, shape or position of
their surroundings so perfectly that
neither friend nor enemy can discover
tluylr whereabouts.
There is a fish to be seen in the kelp
beils about the Island of Santa Catalina
which lias a clever way of making it
self invisible. The body is slender, with
u pointed head and prominent eyes.
Along the back is a continuous frill,
which is tile dorsal tin, while, opposite,
the anal fin is equally ornamented. The
fish vary in color. Some are amber, oth
ers orange or vivid green, while some
have two hues combined, dark and light
green or olive and yellow. These pecu
liarities of form and color render the
fish marvelously like the kelp leaves
among which it seeks protection.
A number of these fish were placed
in the tanks of the zoological gardens,
where they might be observed. They
showed great uneasiness, some of them
even leaping from the tank. Another
tank was prepared, where the natural
surroundings of the fish were imitated
as nearly as possible. A branch of mn-
croe.vstls, with leaves hanging in the
water, was suspended over the tank.
The most uneasy of the fish were placed
in the new home, ami their change of
feeling was soon evident. One swam at
once to the kelp leaves and poised It
self, head downward. Another, with
head poised upward, became a remark-
aide Imitation of the hanging leaves in
shape and color. The fish made no
further effort to escape.
Another inhabitant of the kelp bods is
an olive green crab, which clings to the
under side of the kelp tangles. This
crab also showed great uneasiness
when It was placed In a tank. When
the kelp wus introduced It crawled up
on It and was at once almost invisible,
so much did It resemble the kelp leaves.
Another crab makes itself look exactly
like u rough stone. When it is alarmed
it draws up its legs and appears a bit
of Inanlmute stone.
Several deep sea spiders which had
been found at a depth of MOO feet were
kept in a tank for several weeks. When
taken from the dredging net they were
a dark brown, though presumably the
spot where they came from was so dark
that they eould scarcely hove been seen.
Yet even tills type of apparently slug
gish life hud sufficient intelligence to
realize that in the light of the tank it
wus a conspicuous object, so it began
to add seaweed to its back, Tho sea
weed was plucked, then passed to the
mouth and finally attached not to the
hack, but to the point of the shell above
the mouth so that It fell over the back
like a gorgeous plume, making the crab
very conspicuous. But when it was
startled the plume of seaweed would
point iipwurd and the crab would be
come a rock with a tuft of seaweed
growing upon it, well calculated to de
ceive the most observing enemy.—New
York Herald.
Sulphate of Ammonia.
One other Important inorganic
source of nitrogen Is the salt known as
sulphate of amonia. tl is produced
chiefly as a by-product in the manu
facture of illuminating gas from coal;
the gas coals all contain a small per
centage of nitrogen; when subjected
to a dry distillation in retorts, the ni
trogen is driven off In the form of am
monia gas, and is finally absorbed In
sulphuric acid, from which it is crystal
lized as sulphate of ammonia. This
prouuct usually contains about twenty
and one-half per cent, of nitrogen,
when purified, but if sold unpurifled,
as brown sulphate of ammonia, It may
not contain more than eighteen per
cent, of nitrogen. Sulphate of am
monia is freely soluble in water, and
has tills advantage over nitrate of so
da, ttiat it does not leach out of the
soil so readily as nitrate of soda does,
and may therefore be applied with
other fertilizers in tho fall to fall
crops without fear of serious loss
through leaching during the fall and
winter. I have not mentioned all of
the various kinds of nitrogenous fer
tilizer materials, but have sketched
briefly the principal ones, from whicl.
nearly ail the commercial fertilizers
sold in the State of Georgia are made.
The next great class of fertilizer ma
terial we discuss will be the “phos
phates.”
JNO. M. McOANDLESS,
State Chemist.
Dill Not Go to Itooiit.
A matter of fact mind, like Mrs. Sal
ter’s, is a comfort to the person who
has it and a never ending delight to
the person’s friends.
“I suppose you went to bed with the
chickens while you were away,” said
one of the neighbors ufter Mrs. Salter
had returned from her vacation visit to
u furm.
“No, Indeed,” said Mrs. Salter Indig
nantly. “They were very neat, quiet
people, though they’ve never had city
advantages. We hail rooms In tho
front of the iiouse, on the second story,
and the chickens slept somewhere at
the back of the house. We never saw
them after sunset, and we were there*
nearly three weeks. I um sure farming
people are often more particular than
we hu've been led to suppose.”-
Youth’s Companion.
1850 Fifty-Fifth Annual Statement. 1905
Aetna Life Insurance Company
artford, Connecticut.
MORGAN G. BULKELEY, President.
The leading Insurance Company in New England, and the Larg-
estin the World Writing
Life, Accident, Health and Liability Insurance
January 1st, 1905.-
Receipts in I 904.
Premiums -♦12
Interest, rents and from other sources. 11,
Total Ineomein ii)04 $15
Disbursements in 1904.
Death Claims $2.
Matured Endowments 1
Death and Indemnity (Accident and Liabil
ity) - 1
Dividends to Policy Holders .
Surrendered Policies
Commissions to agents . 1
Agency Expenses, Medical Examinations
and Miscellaneous Expenditures
Dividends on Capital Stock (Life).
Dividends oil Capital Stock (Accident ) ..
Taxes
Total expenses (Accident and Liability
Business).. .. 1,
,8(18,1)23 77
0(12, H3I1 ill)
,11111,55(5 7(5
8111), 58(1 (51
528,085 00
.281,1)22 (13
721,023 02
540,1180 71
,007,-178 2(1
050,870 311
200,000 00
50,000 00
851,088 04
410,452 47
Total Disbursements in 1004 10,758,855 00
Excess of Income over Disbursements in '04 5,172,700 80
Paid Policy Holders in 1904
$6,971,793 55
Total Paid Policy Holders from
Organization in 1850 to Janu
ary 1,1905
$145,918,246 86
Life Insurance issued, revived and paid
for in 1004 $28,850,007,00
Life Insurance in force January 1, 1005 21)7,5104,7110,00
Accident Insumnoc in force Jail. 1, 1005 217,230,101,00
Number of Policy Holders Jan. 1,1905 225,011
Assets.
Heal Estate acquired by foreclosure
(Hfloe Building
(lush on band mid in hunks
Stooks and Bonds
Mortgages seeurud by Beni Estate
Loans on Collaterals .
Loans scoured Policies of this Company
Interest due and accrued Dee. 31, 1004
Premiums m oonrso of collection and
deferred Premiums (net)
Market value of Securities over cost, less
sets not admitted ($55,7-18 07) net
Agents Balances and Bills receivable
$ 173,104 74
400,000 00
7,070,023 30
24,400,880'90
82,080,317 72
1,051,304 02
3,801,504 08
818,782 05
074,112 08
As-
2,318,700 55
55,145 57
$78,000,178 81
Total Assets, January 1, 1005 ..
Liabilities.
Losses and Claims awaiting furl her proof,
ami installment claims not yet duo (Life) $ 305,147 00
Losses and Claims awaiting further proof,
and not yet duo (Accident and Liability) 588,727 00
Surplus Besorvo for special class of Policies
and dividends to Policy holders not. yet duo 708,020 37
Premiums paid in advance and other Liabili
ties.. 01,003 85
Reserve on Life. Endowment and term policies.
4 per cent, standard on Old Business and 8 b,
per cent, on Policies issnd since 1900, 01,858,788 00
Loss value of Policies of Ro-insur
anoe, $40,000,00 . 01,817,814 00
Special Reserve, in addition to the Reserve
above given, 3,104,780 00
Unearned Premiums on accident and Liabil
ity insurance 1,274,844 28
Special Reserve on Liuhilitv Insurance 100,000 0i>
Total Reinsurance and Special Reserve
mid all other Liabilities . _ .. 07,140,538 10
Guarantee Fund in Excess of requirements by
Company's Standard 0 555,040 03
Total Liabilities Jan. I, 1005 73,000,170 81
Guarantee Fund in Excess of requirements
by Standard of Connecticut and otiiur
States . 8,850,420 05
Great Gains in Business in 1904
Increase in Assots $5,028,310 10
Inoreaso in Guarantee Fund ovor re
quirements - 883,881 10
lnoreusuin Premium Income. 1,135,008 00
Increase in Total Income .. . 1,372,082 20
Inoronso in New Life Insurance issued and
paid for ... $2,225,105 00
Increase in Life Insurance in Foroc 14,001,802 00
Increase in Accident Insurance in Force 8,018,020 00
Increase in number of Policy holders 11,048
F. M. BRYANT, District Manager,
Newnan, Georgia.
ODDLY NAMED TOWNS
QUEER TITLES THAT DOT THE MAPS
OF UNCLE SAM.
Not Old Age.
“Wecl, John, how are you today?”
asked a Scottish minister on meeting
one of his parishioners.
“Gey weel, sir; gey wool," replied
John cautiously; "gin it wasnn for j
the rheumatism in the rleht leg.”
“Ah, John, be thankful, for there Is
no mistake you are getting old like the ‘
rest of us, nml old age doesn't come ■
alone.”
“Auld nge, sir,” returned John. “I
wonder to hear ye. Auld nge has !
naethlng tne dne wl’t. Here’s my
ither leg jlst ns auld, an’ it’s soond nri’
sooplo yet.”
Ilnril Cane For Wrcckort,
Looking over the storm swept Pent-
land firth, with its dangerous rocks and
fierce currents, I remarked to the Ork
ney pilot, “Tills must be a great place
for wrecks.”
“Wracks, man!” he shouted. “There’s
mony a brnw farm In Orkney got out
o’ wracks, but tho Breetish govern
ment has put a leethoose hero and a
leethoos there, and yon,” pointing to
the double lighthouse on lb*- Skerries,
“yon’s twa. There is no chance of
, wracks for a puir fisher body noo.”—
Cornhill Magazine.
Had a I.onsr I.adder.
Little Dot (seeing some workmen on
I a tali spire)—Oh, mamma, there go
some folks up to heaven. Mamma-
Heaven Is a long way above that stee
ple, my dear. Little Dot— I guess it Is,
’cause they’s taking a ladder up with
them.
Early Cotton.
The invasion of the cotton states by
the cotton boll weevil renders more
• important than ever before careful
; studies of the early varieties. It has
j been found that only the earliest va-
; rieties can be profitably grown in In-
j fested regions even when all other
j known methods of combating the wee-
! vil are employed.
StoJciHm Worthy of tlic; Nmne.
Younger Bister—What is stoicism?
Elder Sister—Stoicism is the ability to
congratulate the fiancee of the rnan
you wanted to marry witliout showing
any disappointment.—Cincinnati Com
mercial Tribune.
A torn Jacket is soon mended, but
hard words bruise the heart of a child.,
—Longfellow.
Till. Nomenclative Peculiarity I.
Not Confined to Any One Part of the
Country, hut I.endH Itself Impar
tially to All Section..
The names of some towns In (lie Unit
ed States probably cause tlielr inhab
itants. considerable vexations when
away from home, says the Chicago
Chronicle. These mimes have ccrtuin
peculiar meanings in everyduy talk and
ns soon as they ure mentioned they are
apt to prompt troublesome questions
by funmakers. For example, the man
from Alone, Ky., might have to ex
plain to a stranger living In New York
how he eould do business If lie were the
only inhabitant and bow the excise
laVvs were enforced If the barkeeper,
the toper, the policeman and the magis
trate were all one and the same and in
ease there were more than one person
In Alone if all were bachelors and old
maids. Citizens of Lonely, N. (’., and
Lonesome, Ky., would encounter much,
the same sort of questions, and all, of
course, would finally be asked If they
were once Jersey commuters.
If a man hailed from Affinity, N. C.,
he would naturally bo supposed to be
married and bis borne life an tmpiinc-
tunted chapter of bliss, lie would be
expected to wear as wide a smile as the
citizen of Joy or Happy, Tex., or I’aru-
(llse, Colo., with a temper us subdued
as the Inhabitants of I’urlty, Minn.
What would happen, however, If the
man from Affinity should meet a man
from 'Peace, Ala., would, indeed, be
problematical. They might, after the
fashion of some westerners, boom the
merits of their respective towns with
such ardor that at last these representa
tives of Peace and Affinity would come
to blows. They might at last develop
as much disrelish for each other as the
citizens of Cream, Wis., who should
chance to take dinner with a citizen of
caviar, X. J. On the other hand, they
might become as chummy as the towns
men of those three towns in the states
of Colorado, Oregon and West Virginia
which all hear the name of Crook.
Any one coming from Eye, N. C„
could hardly expect to Join the New
York police force and find tilings con
genial. If he was a native of Lax,
Ala., or Blind Bay, La., on the con
trary, Ids duties as it metropolitan blue-
coat might prove congenial. If lie said
he was from Sodom, O., lie would most
likely be told that Ids own town must
need his services more. If lie replied
that it didn’t, he might lie recommend
ed to try to get a position in Pluto.
Miss.
r Near the Greene river In Kentucky
and several miles south of Lewiston
there is a town by the name of I’lg.
It has never been recorded In any his
tory of the United States whether the
characteristics of the people of Pig are
nny different from those of the people
of Lamb, Ill., or Ohlcklcs, Pu, Tills Is
certainly to bo regretted. It would
certainly be Interesting to know If the
worthy burghers of Pig are any moro
happy and contented than other human
beings, whether they linve such Ills as
Insomnia, nervous prostration or mel
ancholia,” whether there is any sale in
Pig for appetizers, and what tho good
people do on Fridays.
Should a womun from Itlg Foot,
Tex., or Antiquity, O., advertise for a
husband it Is safe to say she would not
get as many answers as a woman from
Beauty, W. Va. The man who hailed
from Jug, Ala., might have more dif
ficulty lit being elected to the White
Ribbon society than bis contemporary
from Dry Town, Cal. The native of
Magic, Ala., would no doubt be wel
comed by certain Wall street officers
where a citizen from Fairplay, WIs.,
would find the door shut. Should the
woman from Alamode, Ga., or Fash
ion, Gm., meet a woman from Jays-
villc, O., the two might get. Into such a
controversy that at the end they would
both bo believed to be natives of Loon-
eyvlllo, N. V. The citizen of Fossil,
Ore., unlike tbc citizen of Quick, Neb,,
would :io doubt feel very much at
home In Philadelphia, and for much
the same reasons tho representative of
Fact, Kan., would find ii congenial at
mosphere In Boston. Vegetarians
should go to Grass, S. D.
Any one might think that Ice, Ga.,
would become it more popular summer
resort than Hell Hole, Colo. A Jury
made up of men half of whom were
born In Japan, Mo., and the other half
In Uussla, N. Y., would be pretty sure
to disagree. At any rate, they would
not cull in a man from Jingo, Term., for
a peacemaker. Should the girl from
Loapyear, Tonn., become dissatisfied
with things at home there is little dan
ger of her settling In Bachelor, Mich.
Neither would the man from Langor,
Minn., think of moving to Jump, O.
A man may travel from Dan to Beer-
sheba nowadays and think It a very
short Journey. There Is a Dan In Ken
tucky and u Beorshelm over the line in
Tennessee. Neither Is the trip from
London to Pekin a long one In the
United States. Ohio contains both a
Pekin and a London, and It is not a
long journey from Whisky Buttes,
Mont., to Seven Devils, Ida.
■ ■ • Ata ■■
Peniston’s
Drug Store
Orane’s Spring Medieiue.
Oruno’s Kidney and Bneknohe
Ourp.
Orane’s Cough Cure.
Crime's Headache Relief.
Crane's Cholera and Dinrrliooa
Mixture.
Crane’s Family Liniment.
Crane’s Eczema Onro.
Crane’s Liver Powders.
Crane’s Pile Halve.
Crane’s Liver Pills.
Crane's Female Relief.
These ore Stondurd Prepara
tions end ore Sold and Recom
mended at
S Peniston’s
\ Drug Store.
...While Barber Shop...
C. T. BAILEY, Proprietor.
Only first-class white bar
bers employed. Prompt, re
liable, courteous attention
■'Old service given all custom
ers, at the usual prices. Wo
have the only electric mas
sage machine in the city.
Give it a trial ; it does the
work perfectly.
Some men drink whisky because
they like it, some because their
friends drink it, and some because
they know the devil wants them
to do it.
Cleaned for Action
When tho body is cleaned for action,
by Dr. King’s New Life Pills, you can
tell it by the bloom of health on tho
cheeks; the brightness of the eyes; the
firmness cf the flesh and muscles; tho
, buoyancy of the mind. Try them. At
j J• T: Reese’s and Dr. Paul Peniston’s
Drugstore, 25c.