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Land of Promise
(TO AND FROM)
By Rev. C. O'N. Maktindale.
ARTICLE LXIX.
ENGLAND.
In London, the Great British
Metropolis.
From the Tate Gallery we drove
j volent to “monastery” (Latin
monasterium), while the prefix
“West” indicates its position west ;
of London. It is not a Cathedral
now in the episcopal sense of “a
church situated in a city which
gives its name to an episcopal see
( Kr. siege, ‘seat’), and in which a
bishop has his raised seat or
throne (Gk. K a thedra) assigned
to him. St. Paul’s is the Cathe
dral of London. For a brief space
in its long history (A^), 1540 to
1550) the ‘Abbey’ wi^Rhe cathe-
direct to Westminster Abbe), said dr;d 0 f a d ; ocese 0 f \^fctminster.
rightly to be "the most interesting p or a f ew years afterwards (under
building in the world.” the lines of Edward VI , it was dec]arL , d by
Waller in large measure explaining Act of Parliament to be‘a Cathe-
wh y ; I dral in the diocese of London.’ It
‘•Tlmt antique pile behold, suffered many losses at the time.
Where royal heads receive the sacred ,p eter was robbed to pay p au ,.-
It. B tveH them crowns, and does their Hut with these exceptions, its en-
ashes keep; tire independence of all episcopal
There made like gods, like mortals tliere control, the Pope alone excepted,
they sleep, was ds m0 st cherished prerogative
Making «he circle of their reign com- \ ^ days Qf its mitred Abbots,
Those^uns of empire, where they rise and its ‘extra-diocesan’ character
they set.” has been carefully maintained to
Here all the reigning heads of! the present date. The “Abbey,’
England from William the Con-! strictly speaking—that is, the
queror down to Edward VII have ! Monastery—disappeared in the
been crowned. Yet these are but reign of Henry VIII. But though
the nominal kingsof the race com-! the name survives, its legal title is
pared with the other potent char- ; ‘the Collegiate Church of St. Peter
acters whose lives are here mem- in Westminster,’and this designa-
orialized by burial or monument tion it has borne in all legal docu-
from time to time. Of it Sir Wal- j ments since 1560, when Queen
ter Scott has written: Elizabeth (the foundress of West-
“Here. where the end of earthly things minster School) replaced the Ab
Lays heroes, patriots, hards and kings; I hot and Monastery, which Queen
Where stiff the bond and still the ton- J M ary had restored for a time, by a
beth, of English renown. Here is this tribute to his fame excite an
Sir Isaac Newton,whom his friends emulation of his truly glorious
called “the whitest soul they had j achievements,"
ever known,” and there is Charles England, by her memorials to
Darwin, the natural evolutionist, 1 great living and doing, has thus no
Here is Thomas Babington, Lord little contributed to inspire the
Macaulay, with stone hearing the minds and hearts and energies of
words: "His body is buried in her children to lofty aspirations
peace, but his name liveth forever- and high endeavor in all worthy
more:” and there is Major Andre, 1 directions.
hanged by Gen. Washington as a j Under expert guidance we visit-
spy. Here is a monument to Sir I ed with care the main portions of
" John Franklin, with the epitaph 1 Westminster Abbey, including the
by Tennyson: 1 Royal Chapels and Tombs, being
"Not. hern; the White North lias thy favored by fine weather while so
hones; and thou, doing. In connection with Rev.
Heroic sailor soul, II. n Bcl)| ]) , ) ( an United
Art passing oil thy Imppier voyage now
Towards no earthly pole.”
While the concluding words on
the monument are: "This nioiiu
ment wns erected by his widow,
who, after long waiting and send
ing many in search of him, herselt
dcparteil to seek and find him in
the realms of light.” Very striking,
is it not?
Here sleep Tennyson and
Browning, Chaucer and D»yden,
Presbyterian of California, and
some ladies, by persistent effoits
we also finally succeeded in secur
ing admittance to the Jericho Par
lor and Jerusalem Chamber—so
historic for being the place where
the first translation of the Bible
took place, where the Westmin
ster Assembly of Divines tramed
the Westminster Confession ol
Faith and Catechisms, where the
Old Testament Revision Commit-
Edmund epenser and Joseph Ad ...
,,, tee sat, where the Crown jewels
dison, Charles Dickens and "Rare J
.. , . ^ • , 1 , . iAe kept twenty tour hours pre-
Ben Johnson, David Livingston \, ' . „ } , *
,, . , - ■ J ceecRng the Corona'ion of a Sov
and Sir John Herscnel, and a host x?
, , . ereigti/anii associated
of others of varying notability.
Here is statesmen’s row as well as
poets’ corner, of which latter, the
illustrious essayist, Addison, in
"Spectator," said: “In the poeti
cal quarter I found there were
poets who had no monuments,”
Among the latter might be men
ereign.'and associated with such
great names as Henry IV., Sir
Thomas More, Dr. Robert South,
Sir Isaac Newton, and Joseph Ad
dison, etc.
Undoubtedly the most striking
ly uncommon monument in the
Abbey is that of Lady Elizabeth
Of those who fought and spoke and sung;
Here where the fretted aisles prolong
The distant notes of holy song,
As if some, angel spoke again,
‘All peace on earth, good will to men
If ever from an English heart,
Olil here let prejudice depart.”
Pronounced by Mr. Freeman the
most glorious of English churches,
and “the one great church of
England retaining its beautiful
ancient coloring undestroyed by
so called ‘restoration,’" it is im
pressive without and lovely within.
We experienced the force of Ed
mund Burke’s remark: “The mo
ment I entered Westminster Ab
bey, I felt a kind ot awe pervade
my mind which I cannot describe;
the very silence seemed sacred.”
Dean, Canons and other officers.
! . . The present church is the
i work not of one generation but of
five centuries.” (Dean G G Brad
ley, D. D.) One portion parti
cularly, Henry VIl’s Chapel, is for
exquisite loveliness and architec
tural splendor, absolutely without
rival in the world.
It is now one vast mausoleum of
English greatness, without a peer
in the world, and might well be
termed Great Britain’s “Temple ot
Fame.” Nowhere else on earth
have the ashes of so many really
great personages been brought to
gether as here; and many buried
elsewhere are memorialized in
monuments erected in this edifice.
As Dr. W. W. Moore remarks:
Or as Lord Macaulay styled it, it (<The main attraction of Westmin-
is “the great temple of silence and | ster Abbey jg nelther itg architec .
reconciliation, where the enmities tura , glory nor Ug connection with
of twenty generations lie buried. 1 the crownin£ of the nation . s
One feels as Sir Waiter Raleigh !
sovereigns, but the fact that it is
the chief sepulchre of Britain’s
great men. Not only is the build
ing ‘paved with princes and a royal
tioned William Shakespeare, John Nightingale, an “epigrammatic
Milton, Gray, Scott, Burns, etc. conceit,” which on its erection ere-
On the marble slab over Living- a * ed a perfect furor and has evet
the words - j sbice been :he most popular at
traction in this
ston s remains are the
Brought by faithful hands
land and sea, here rests David
Livingston, missionary, traveler
and philanthropist. Born March
1813 at Blantyre, Lanarkstine; through
over | ... ..,.0 great edifice. In
the lower part of the sculpture
Death in the form of
19.
a skeleton
figure is represented as breaking
the iron doors of the
the ledge above
1, 1873, at Clistambo’s I K rave * grasping
with one bony hand, and with the
died May
Village, Ulala. For thirty years
his life was spent in an unwearied I olher raised in the act of hurling
effort to evangelize the native 1 his dcad| y dart at ,he lad y shr,nk *
races, to explore the undiscovered in S ba <* into the arms of her hor-
secrcts; to abolish the desolating j ror 8tricken husband (on the up-
slave trade of Central Africa,where i ,er ! ,art ot the sculpture) who
with his last words he wrote: ‘All frantically but in vain strives to
I can add in my solicitude is may! sh,e,d her P erson from lhe stroke-
heaven’s rich blessings come down , Kat'mates widely vary. While
on every one-American, English, Wesle y 8aid il was tbe in
or Turk, who will help to heal this lhe Abbe V as exhibiting “common I
open sore of the world.’ ” i sense amon « hea P 8 ot unmeanin S
But occasionally as one reads stone a,ul marb >«;' A >la» Cun-
the inscription over somebody’s I nin g ham > though praising the fig-
dust, the words of Pope are sug-1 ure8 ’ anatomy, says: “The Death
gest( , d . j meanly imagined; he is the am-
....... „ , mon drybones ot every vulgar tale.
“Friend, for your epitaphs I'm grieved; 1 1 n
Where still so much is said, I R was n °f 30 * bal Melton dealt
One half will never bo bolieved, with this difficult allegory. We
The other uevor reud.” ^are satisfied with the indistinct im-
Also the lines composed by j age he gives us. The post saw the
Matthew Prior for his own tomb, r ifficulty, the scultor saw more"
but not allowed by Dean Atter-; While Horace Walpole styled it
bury to be inscribed thereupon: j "more theatric than sepulchral;"
“Tome 'tis given to dye, to you 'tis Washington Irving, allowing the
Kiven grouping’s execution with fidelity
To live: Alas! one moment sets uh even, j . . .. .. , :
impartial is tke will of 1 and spirit, views it as more horn-
> ble than sublime, asking: “Why
Mark how
Heaven I"
By the way; we should have
mentioned in our last article the
memorial monument to Major
Charles George Gordon in St.
Paul’s, underneath which after his
name have been placed the words:
•‘At all times he gave his strength
should we thus seek to clothe
death with unnecessary terrors
and to spread horrors round the
tomb of those we love? The grave
should be surrounded by every
thing that might inspire tender
ness and veneration for the dead,
puts it, in his "History of the i
World:’’ “O eloquent, just and
mighty Death! whom none could ,
advise, thou hast persuaded, what. race > their memory a mingling of
none hath dared, thou hast done; grandeur and of shame> but the
and whom all the world hath flat- uncrowned glories of the nation,
tered, thou only hast cast out of tbe true and p Ure and gjf t(jd( lie
the world and despised, thou hast t bere a s well as under our feet, or
drawn together all the far-stretch- are commemorated in stone before
ed greatness, all the pride, cruelty QUr eyes » Here are kings and
and ambition of man, and covered q UeenS) statesmen and historians,
it all over^ w ' tb these two words, p 0ets and p reacberS) philosophers
Hie jacet. and generals, inventors and ad-
Is it any wonder then that
Wordsworth declares:
“Through the aisles of Westminster to
„ roa !“,_ tl . . ,,,,,, skeptics, sea captains and civilians,
Where bubbles burst and folly’s dancing 1 1
foam e ^ C-
Melts if it cross the threshold.” Contrasts strike one at every
“Westminster Abbey” is short- turn. Here is a statue to Glad-
mirals, essayists and missionaries,
explorers and reformers, scientists
and naturalists, humorists and
to the weak, his substance to the j or that might win the living to vir-
poor, his sympathy to the suffer
ing, and his heart to God. He
saved an empire by his warlike
genius, he ruled vast provinces
with justice, wisdom and power,
and lastly, obedient to his sovere-
tue. It is the place, not of dis
gust and dismay, but of sorrow and
meditation.” The grim realism of
the monument can be imagined
from the fact that “a robber who
broke into the Abbey one night,
ign’s carrimands, he died in the was so horrified byDeith’s figure
heroic attempt to save men, wo in the moonlight that he dropped
men and children from imminent 1 his tools and fled in dismay from
and deadly peril. ‘Greater love the building. Roubiliac, the
hath no man than this, that a man sculptor, himself, while engaged
lay down his life for his friends.’" upon the work, frightened his s-r-
There also we saw the statue of ving boy one flay at dinner by
John Howard, the great prison dropping his knife and fork, and
reformer, with these words be
neath: “National prisons were im
proved upon his suggestion in
every part of the civilized world
starting forward, his eyes fixed on
vacancy, with an expression of in
tense fear.
Next came that immense Tudor
which he traversed to reduce the Gothic pile, the Houses of IMrlia
sum of human misery. From the rnent, made ot Yorkshire magnesi-
nanu
asteries was
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Havamifth, Hit., April 25, 11)05.
Mi. W. A. Malone, District Manager,
Aetna Life Insurance (Jo.,
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V"'
1 1. 11
... -I litc
ened from the fuller phrase “West- stone and there one to D Israeli, throne \o the dungeon his name an limestone (already crumbling)
minster Abbey Church,” the Here is Lord Lawrence, “who was mentioned with respect, grati- requiring about #10,000 a year for
Church, that is, of the Abbey of feared man so little because he tude, and admiration. He expired proper repair, casting fifteen mil
Westminster; the “Abbey,” as we feared God so much, and there a t Cherson, in Russian Tartary,on lion dollars, and creeled some fit
now call it, being up to the year John Gay, who has besides I ope s the 20th of January, 1790, a victim ty years ago.) It is imposing,
1540, in the teign of Henry VIII, epitaph the unseemly lines, his to the perilous and benevolent at- elaborately ornamented, and quite
the church of a great Benedictine own writing tempt to ascertain the cause of and majestic; covers 8 acres, has 1;
monastery. Formerly such mon- “Life is a jest, and all tilings show it ; find an efficacious remedy for the courts, 1,100 rooms, and the fac
called abbeys from I thought so once, but now I know it-. plague. He trod an open but an ade along the'Thames for 940 feet
unfrequented path to immortality is adorned with statues and shields
in the ardent and unintermitted of all the English Sovereigns. The
exercise of Christian charity. May oldest and most historic part is the
being ruled by “abbots” (or ab Here is the beheaded Mary,
bats, from abbas, Syriac for fath- Quten of Scots, and there close
er). The v/ord “minister” is equi- by is her bcheader, Queen Eliza-
famous Westminster Hall ("1097)
and there are three fine towers
(Victoria, Middle and Clock,j 340,
300 and 318 feet high respective
ly.) From the Princes’ Reading
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( where sits the body that is now
stripped of power; th-- Peers’ Lob
by, Peers’ Corridor, Central Hall;
thence into the House of Com
mons’ Corridor, th*- House of Com
mons’Lobby, and the House of
Commons itself ( where sit the real
representatives and rulers of the
British Republic; less magnificent
but rich of interior withal.
Attention was also called to the
redecorated St. Stephen’s’
Westminster Hall ;’* ’
long by 92 feet high, c
wonderful roofing of ! ,IU8,)I * l,y
splendid hall, forme 1,1
. „ rlom’* Fain
ivngh’nd s most ai,, y , ,uni rub-
Here," as Stedman f 10 ) 1 “IT'j-
I cc , r- ,r(1 ,ellrl
laco, btrafiord, (jitiy damp-
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