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About The Irwin County news. (Sycamore, Irwin County, Ga.) 189?-1??? | View Entire Issue (April 9, 1897)
THEIR KEN I' a a llow a Lapp Protect^the Animals From Eskimo Dogs—Reindeer Solved Alaska’s Transpor¬ tation Problem. ^ T I y HERE So much are has reindeer been known in Alaska. for , three or four years, for the *6 Government bought them from the Siberian deermen and put them there. And the reindeer are flourishing and multiplying. That is the report that comes from the far North from the men who were put in charge of the deer and told to teach the Eskimo how to use and raise them. This verdict of success with the rein¬ deer is thought- to mean great things for Alaska. Just now there’s little to eat in the biggest part of that big country up North. Get up above the Aleutian chain of islands that make stepping stones for giants half way across to Asia, or go over the mount¬ ain wall that faces the coast of South¬ ern Alaska, and food must bo got fiom the outside, if it’s to be had at all. Little or nothing can be raised, wild animals are scarce and cattle couldn’t live there even if there was anything for them to eat. But the reindeer pastures—they’re immense! There are 400,000 square miles of land covered with the fibrous white moss, and all on earth it is good for is to feed reindeor. The pasture lands run back a thousand miles or two from Bristol bay and stretch across the Yukon and far to the north—even to the ever frozen region of Point Bar- row. According to the calculations of Sheldon Jackson, there is pasturage for 9,200,000 reindeer on the Bad Lands of Alaska, and as reindeer are worth $9 or 810 apiece there is a chance to do a very respectable busi¬ ness in the stock-raising line in that •A \ ■i s .--f (t m 1 * I if I m m . h> (a 4 1 SP ’• mmmm t DEFENDING REINDEER AGAINST DOGS. desolate country, if only the reindeer flourish and multiply. But there have been great times in getting the reindeer his footing in Al¬ aska. He was an assisted immigrant and had to be protected against all sorts of dangers besides those found in his native country. The main dangers feared were from the Eskimo dogs, the hungry Eskimo himself and the loss that would come from neglect of un¬ skillful or careless herders. The Eskimo is little removed from a wolf. He is hungry and savage and the reindeer is eatable. Consequently there was trouble. The Eskimo dogs are thick about the station and Eskimo villages. Dogs are a part of Eskimo wealth, as the only pack animals of the frozen north up to the arrival of \.i \\ m s §7 il! 1 LOADING REINDEER. the reindeer, but are easier to get than to feed. So when the reindeer were brought to the Teller Beindeer Sta¬ tion at Port Clarence the Eskimo dogs made Rn attack on the herd. They were out for game and had to be driven off again and again before they learned the lesson that it was not good to at¬ tack the herd. Then they gave their attention to the sled deer that were kept about the station for hauling. For a time even the presence of men failed to restrain them. One or two deer driven by themselves were too tempting, and for weeks they were liable to be assailed by a howling pack of ki-yis. The station had bronghv a party of Lapps to take charge of the reindeer, however, and the Lapp knows how to deal with dogs. The Lapp carries a knife with a blade ten <jr twelve inches long,and ha3 a handy habit of using it. A witness to the conflict tells how the Lapp deals with the dogs: of “The Lapp was driving a pair deer. A dozen great Eskimo dogs 7 / N - : Wa . II C 1 -ft.* X m 11 u 1 HNrS iV M I $ Os? 'V MILKING THE REINDEER. thought the time had come»for fresh meat and gave chase. Before the Lapp knew what was coming, sled and reindeer were surrounded and the dogs were leaping and barking before the frightened creatures. The Lapp gave a series of shouts that frightened the dogs for a moment. Then in the moment of respite he leaped from the sled, ran to the heads of the deer and threw them with their backs on the ground. Then straddling them and holding their heads erect with his left hand he drew his great knife in his right. The reindeer could not rise. In their position they could hardly struggle, and the Lapp was ready for battle. He had hardly got into posi¬ tion, though the operation had taken but a moment, when the dogs were on him again, eager for reindeer meat. With one sweep the Lapp cut at the first two dogs. There was a wild howl of pain, a dripping of blood and the two leaders lost interest in the fight. The other dogs were nothing daunted by the fate of the first and still pressed forward. The Lapp swung his knife back and forth with loud cries, and at every swing some dog was yelping with pain and retiring to give his comrades a chance. By the end of a minute there were but two or three dogs on the active list, and with a final whoop the Lapp frightened them into retir¬ ing to a respectful distance. The Lapp stepped aside and released the reindeers' heads; in an instant they were on tneir feet, He leaped into the sled once more and in a few sec¬ onds only a cloud of snow flying into the air told where he had gone.” In case the dogs pluck up spirit for a pursuit after a first failure, the Lapp repeats the process of disposing of his foes until enough have been killed or wounded to put an end to farther at¬ tacks. In the Port Clarence region only one dog was killed, though the Eskimo village looked for a while like a hospital for wounded dogs. The Lapps were always victorious, and no reindeer were killed. After a round of battles and a proper amount of slashed skins had taught tbe dogs that reindeer were private property there was no more trouble. The dogs around the present reindeer station pay no further attention to them, As the reindeer enlarge their circle to reach other villages, however, the process of education has to be repeated. It will take some years and a good many sore hides to teach the canine popula¬ tion of Alaska that there is a close season for reindeer. The herds are safe from the natives. The only reindeer meat that has gone flown their throats has come from a number of reindeer that died from sickness. The Eskimo apprentices, not being particular about such trifles as the cause of death, promply appropri¬ ated the flesh and all else that was chewable about the deceased deer, and made a holiday feast. Five reindeer were killed for food for the whites and the Lapps in the first winter. The others fared well. The danger of lack of food melted away on the test. There is plenty for the increase of centuries. The troubles that come from untrained herders is being gradually lessened. The Eski¬ mos are skillful enough, but they learn from the Lapps. Milking, however, was a trick that the Eskimos had some difficulty in acquiring. Before the Lapps came some experiments had been made, and the first time that the Lapps attempted to begin the opera¬ tion on a cow she started like a flash, leaped the fence, a herder and ran away. On inquiry it was learned that the customary way of milking had been to lasso the se¬ lected cow, throw her down and while three men held her on the ground the fourth drew the milk. The cows bad apparently acquired a prejudice against the operation, and it took nearly a year to convince them that milking was a haimless, pleasant exercise in no way to be regarded as a signal for a riot. According to the enthusiasts the domestic reindeer are going to solve the transportation problem for Alaska as well as the food problem for the Eskimo. The dog teams are expensive carriers and not efficient- cither, Al¬ aska is a laml of magnificent distances, with settlements hundreds of miles apart. The dog teams can travel only fifteen to twenty-five miles a day, can carry only a few hundred pounds, and no food for their support must be packed, they cannot make very long journeys. Reindeer can travel farther in a day, draw much heavier loads, and in camp can forage for themselves. So the reindeer team, the sled and the Lapland harness will soon become as typical of Alaska in the frontpages of the school geography as of Lapland. But just now there is a call for a few thousand more reindeer. If they can be secured the herd will increase at a rapid rate. Just now it is slow, as there are only five or sis hundred cows at the stations. So it will be some time before the 9,200,000 reindeer will darken the Alaskan snows and strain the capacities of the Alaskan moss pas¬ tures.—San Francisco Examiner, THE MODERN PARLOR. Wherein It Differs From That of tho Past—Its Proper Furnishings. The improvement in public taste in this country during the past few years is shown in few ways more strikingly \\\ m. M nil JPI ■ ) & rs aPERSPEOTIVE VIEW, than in furnishing of the parlor. In the olden times, when houses were heated with Jiffionlty by open fire¬ places or little wood stoves, it became the custom in winter time to shut off the portions of the house that were not needed for living purposes for economy of fuel. The parlor was not a necessary place for family use, as the household generally gathered for com¬ fort in the kitchen or dining-room. Therefore the parlor was the first room to be closed on the approach of winter, and the last to be opened on the advent of summer. It is scarcely a generation ago, and well within the memory of persons of moderate age, that the par¬ lor was darkened day and night, hold¬ ing no attractions for members of the household. The most crying fault in the American house of moderate di¬ mensions is still that the parlor is made too formal, and is not given the true home atmosphere. From the architectural arrangement of most detached houses the parlor is rarely one of the best lighted rooms— nor is there any need that it shonld be —nor is it generally as well provided with artificial heat. For these reasons it is a mistake to furnish in cold tones, such as white and gold. Delightful as the contemplation of such a room is, it is not comfortable nor home¬ like, nor is it worth the time and pa¬ tience it requires to preserve it in the midst of a full-fledged nest of young Americans, n The color soheme is the most im¬ portant part of furnishing; there should be a certain warmth in color¬ ing, and this will rarely be found in gilt papers or moquette carpets. If the rest of the house be simply fur¬ nished the parlor can still be elegant with matting and rugs on the floor, rattan or bamboo furniture and mus¬ lin curtains. The only important thing is to tho different pieces of fur¬ niture in one room of similar style and effect, and to have the decora¬ tions correspond with the furniture so as to give a good general etleot—t he details are a matter of preference. As most houses are laid out the parlor has at least one long, blank wall, and perhaps two—to make these attractive is the supreme test of furnishing. A few large pictures hung several feet above the line of vision is the usual treatment—and the result is depress¬ sing to a degree. The wall should be covered as fully as possible with pio- pining R. I a'x. I <•' jell Ubf»»y Kitch,r* rrz :t— i,i! <«!! «|i Jiffl s li r*r ’,or MS* iX’SXIl* \ 1 Vero.r>dA, 7’wide etrst moon. tnres, and plenty of small ones should be interspersed in order to give diver¬ sity and informality. The mantels should be well filled with objects of art, and none of them should be triv¬ ial. Above all there should be plenty of books in the book case; not ponder¬ ous gift books, blazing with gilt and stamped leather, bnt books to read and books that are talked about. It should be remembered that there are no better aids to furnishing any living room, than a supply of prettily bound books. The accompanying plan provides a parlor of attractive shape and size that lends itself to the treatment indi¬ cated above. The woodwork is painted a deep cream and the walls, coral; the floor is stained a deep red brown, or cov¬ ered with “old rose” or “dark copper” Oo. v Bed R. pS f\ li’X 1 C| *. ia-frMfli VfC cV Bed R Se«R IO.X. ib It* ntn 'H lo. ■a 0 *WI £ C i Bed iL HI iSklfc* A SECOND FLOOR. felt, which helps to lighten or soften the effect of the decoration, and can be overlaid with rugs. The general dimensions of this de¬ sign are: kitchen Width, through library and thirty-three feet ten inches; depth, forty-six feet six inches, including veranda. Heights of stories: Cellar, seven feet; first floor, nine feet six inches ; second floor, nine feet. Exterior materials; Foundation, stone s first story, clapboards; second story, gables and roofs, shingles. Interior finish: Two coats plaster, hard white finish ; maple wood floor¬ ing; trimming, North Carolina pine; staircase, ash. All interior woodwork grain tilled and finished in hard oil varnish. A careful selection of colors for minting have been selected by the architects, the plan and accommoda¬ tion being one of unusual merit. The cost to build is $4000, not in¬ cluding mantels, range and heating apparatus. 1897. —Copyright A MODEL HAESFKAU. Quiet Tastes and Domesticity of the Empress of Germany. It is stated by a writer who is in a. position to know, that there is no snobbishness about Augusta Victoria, Empress of Germany. All through the German Empire the Empress is cited as a model hausfrau. She never interests herself in matters of State, but gives her whole attention to her - J§K L A ii UM % V, mm mmM Warn ? i : I I I 1 >j fLf ■ 'll m / Kb Sul V r V J I mi m NEW rORTBAIT OF THE GERMAN EMPRESS. large family of children. About the only affairs outside of the royal home in which she interests herself are her charitable works, which she jierson- ally attends to. Augusta Victoria was not accustomed to luxury when she was a girl, and it is all tho more cred¬ itable to her that she has not been spoiled by her change in circum¬ stances. Her father was Duke Fred¬ erick of Schleswig-Holstein Sonrter- burg. It was an obscure and shabby little court there, and Augusta and her three sisters well knew how to practice all the little domestic econo¬ mies which the families of impecuni¬ ous German nobles are so often com¬ pelled to resort to. Although a duke’s daughter, she learned to bake and sew and darn and make over her own frocks. But, the day arrived when Prince William, destined to become kaiser, visted the court of Primkenau. Prince William looked with admiration on the modest and comely Augusta Vic¬ toria. It took him a short time to^ make up his mind that she would make an ideal wife. He returned for a sec¬ ond visit, and was a suitor for her hand. They were married at Berlin amid pomp and display. She has now been married about sixteen years. Some of the more brilliant women of the royal German family, such as the Emperor'B sister, Charlotte of Saxe- Meiningen, and t his mother, the Em¬ press Frederick, regard Augusta Vic¬ toria as dull and stupid. But her ambition is only to be a devoted wilo aud mother. Cost of Garbage Burning. The oity of Lowell, Mass., with a population of about 80,000 inhabi¬ tants, burns its garbage for about eighty cents a ton. The cost of operating its plant for one week, during which 100 tons of garbage was burned, was $811.75. Burning at the rate of 100 tons per week, the cost of operating such “• furnace is about $4200 per year. MAPLE SUGAR CAMP. INGENIOUS WAY OF CODUKCTING SAP FROM THU FOREST. Wooden Gutters Are Run Through the Sugar Orchard—The Most In¬ teresting Process Is “Sugaring Off’ f -Yield Per Tree. N 1850 the maple sugar production of Vermont was 6,349,357 pounds, and 5997 gallons of sirup. The production steadily increased, until in 1889 it amounted to 14,123,921 pounds and 218,252 gallons of sirup, valued at 81,248,856. The improve¬ ment in quality has been most marked also, for, though there is a great deal of adulterated maple sugar, the makers stoutly maintaiu that it is adulterated by dealers. There are nearly 15,000 sugar makers in Vermont alone, and there are probably as many in the is other States in which maple sugar made. The industry, therefore, is one of very respectable dimensions. A properly conducted maple sugar camp iu Vermont is well worth see¬ ing. Many improvements have been introduced during the last few years. In the centre of the “orchard,” or “bush,” as it used to be called, is a commodious aud well-equipped sugar house, in which the utensils are stored when not in use. The process of sugar making, as now conducted, is practi¬ cally as follows: First, two or three men “tap” the trees. One goes ahead, and with a three-eighths-inoh bit makes an incision about au inch deep on the lee sido of the tree. A second man inserts a round, double tin spile or spout, about three inches long, in the aperture. The spout not only conducts the sap, but has an arrange¬ ment for suspending the bucket be¬ neath it. Lastly a man hangs the buckets, which are either of wood or tin. Gathering the sap has been much simplified. The old way was to hitch a team of stout horses to a short sled carrying the “'holder,” a large wooden tub, holding several barrels, in which the sap in the buckets was poured. Now leaders, or wooden gutters, are run all through the orchard,, empty¬ ing into a large storage tank at the sugar house. In a brick framework in the sugar house is set an iron arch with a square, iron chimney, For a large orchard of 2000 trees the arch is about five by twenty feet in area, ttfo- and one-half feet deep in front, and ten inches deep- at the chimney end. In this arch are set the evaporators, a deep boiling pan in front and four smaller and shallower pans farther back. The bottoms of the evaporators are deeply corrugated, nearly doub¬ ling the surface exposed to the heat. The boiling is done rapidly, as rapid boiling improves the quality of the sugar. The sap flows from the tank through a hose with a strainer at¬ tached into- a regulator, which allows only a certain quantity to flow into the evaporator. At a certain point tho sap is drawn by a siphon from the large evaporator into one o-f the small ones, the scum and settlings being left behind. In- the last pan the liquid is evaporated to the sirup of commerce, weighing eleven pounds to the gallon. The most interesting process ia “sugaring off.” The birup is slowly boiled in a large pan until the experi¬ enced sugar-maker knows it is “done.” The pan is then lifted off,and the mass is turned into tubs, holding from ten to a hundred pounds. If it is to be made into cakes it is stirred longer, till it becomes dry enough to retain its shape. The whiteness of maple sugar does not determine its price. It is due somewhat to the difference of soil and the amount of rain that has fallen into the sap. Pure maple sugar is a browish amber in color,with a tine grain. If the grain is not fine, and if there are airholes in it, it has prob¬ ably been adulterated by cane sugar, glucoso or clay—by some wicked deal¬ er, says the maker. The average yield per tree is about two pounds per season, the season lasting from four to six weeks, until frosty nights cease and the buds be¬ gin to swell, when the sap tastes strong and ceases to flow.—New York Led- per. The Brazil Nut Toil is a Puzzler. As the South Water street dealer in fruit and nuts scanned the object closely he thought that it might be some freakish cocoanut. Its appear¬ ance was similar to a cocoanut, and it was as hard as a cobble stone. Its ex¬ terior was made to assume an antiqua¬ ted appearance by several earthquake- like cracks. There was an opening in it about the size of a hole bored by a gimlet,. A peep into the hole revealed nothing but more mystery to the dealer. He shook the object and heard a dull, rattle box sound. Then ho asked what it was. The representa¬ tive of several large eastern grocery houses, who had offered the object for inspection, laughed. Then he stopped smiling and said: “How little you know about things in which you are directly interested. You are tbe sixth nut dealer who has given up naming the thing. One fel¬ low ventured the guess that it was a sham bomb. Tho thing is a pod, and came from ‘Brazil where the nuts come from.’ In faot, the nuts come right with it. It is a Brazil nut pod. The rsttle'that you heard in it was caused by eight or ten of the nuts coming together. The nuts are ar¬ ranged inside the pod just like the sections of an orange, and if you would take one of them out it would take a month of Sundays to get it back, The pod as you see it is just as it was when taken from the tree down in Brazil.” Over 400 diamonds are known to have been recovered from the rains of ancient Babylon. ’Many are uuottt, but the majority are polished on one or two side?. RET. DR. JONATHAN WIIITELY’S WIDOW STRICKEN WITH PARALYSIS. Hut She linn Itenn Cured—.T.oiig Mtiy Slie Live ami Loni; Live the Remedy to Which She Owes Her Life. From the, (fazette, Meadville, Pa. The following Interesting Interviews con¬ cerning (he efficacy of Dr. Williams’ Pink Pills tor Pale People, have lately been re¬ ceived at the office of this newspaper: The first embodies a conversation with Mrs. M. A. Wnitely, Whilely, the widow of the late Kev. Jonathan D. D., an eminent div.ue of the Methodist denomination. Mrs. Wliitely spoke ns follows: “I consider it my duty lo tell for publica¬ tion the immense benefit I have derived from Dr. Williams’ Pink Pills. Throe years ago I for was months. stricken I by paralysis, last advised and lay helpless Dr. was at to try Williams’ Pink Pills, which alter many mis¬ givings I concluded to do. us I had lost faith in all medicines. The first box helped me much, and the continual useof the pills has worked and is working wonders. To-day I have driven twelve miies without fatigue. i)r. X cannot say too rnuoh in praise of Will¬ iams’ Pink Pills for they have done me a world of good.” Mr. John W. Beatty, who is a contractor and builder of Meadville, of the highest re¬ spectability, “Although says: have passed the of I meridian life, I am glad to be able to say that I have but little or no use for medicine of any kind, But my wife is not so fortunate. During' the last few years she has been a sufferer from ilropay and tlisease of the heart, and at time 3 suffered greatly. A few months ago she be¬ gan taking Dr. Williams’ Pink Pills for Pale People and lias been greatly benefited anil by their use. She experienced a numbness coldness in her limbs and at times could scarcely walk by reason of poor circulation of the blood. All these unpleasant symptoms have disappeared and I confidently hope to see her a well woman ere long. X will also take the liberty to speak for a brother-in-law of leyvillo, mine, Q. W. Mycr, who resides at Shenk- Mercer County,. Pa. So great was his affliction by reason of erysipelas in the lace and a general breaking down of the sys¬ tem that last winter he was given up (o-die. Dr. Williams’ Pink Pil ls for Pale People have made bim a new man aud he is as one res¬ cued from the very jaws of death.” Mr. Prentice Fry, of Meadville, testifies as follows: “My wife and daughter have- been failing In health for some time and the treatments of physicians in their cases have beou fruit¬ less, 80 much has been said of Dr. Williams’' Pink Pills for Pain People that I resolved to iry them, and myself aud family will always bo-glad that Providence threw such a medi¬ cine in our way. The pale faces and wasted cheeks of my wife Olid daughter have disap¬ peared,, and the ruddy glow of health has re¬ appeared. Pen cannot record my feelings in the matter, and all X can say is that X trust al t who are bowed- do wn by the heavy hand of physical infirmity will learn that there is a remedy that cures and places suffering humanity where they cun enjoy this earthly ’ existence. God bless the maker of Dr. Will¬ iams’ Pink Pills for Pale People.” Dr. Williams’ Pink. Pills contain, in-a con¬ densed form, all the elements necessary to give new life und richness to- the blood andi restore shattered nerves. They are an un¬ failing specific for such disease ns locomotor ataxia, partial paralysis, St. Vitus’ dance, sciatica, neuralgia, rheumatism, nervous headache, the after effect of la grippe, palpi¬ tation of the heart, pale aud sallow com¬ plexions, all forms of weakness either iu male or female. Pink Pills are sold by all- dealers, or will be sent post paid on receipt of price, 50 cents a box or six boxes for $2.50, by addressing Dr. Williams’Medicine Com¬ pany, Suhenecta-ly, N. Y. Reflections of a Bachelor. There never was a married woman -who would admit that no other man ever asked her. There isn’t anything more pitiful than when a woman gets an idea that the gas company is cheating her, and sets out to watch the meter.—New York Press. Love is like mush. It has lots of nourishment, but nobody but a pig likes it without molasses on it. A girl is never really in love with a man until she thinks of Mm when she says her prayers at night. A woman can never be very bad after she has on-ee learned that her little child measures its ideas of God by her. No-To-liac fo-r Fifty Cents. Over 400,000 cured. Why not let No-To-Bac regulate or remove yoilr desire for tobacco? Savee money,, makes- health and manhood. Cure guaranteed.. 50 cents and $1.00, at all druggists.___ Courting a deaf girl! must be exceedingly embarrassing-. Old you ever try it? Mrs. Winslow’s Soothing Syrup for children teething, softens the gums, reduces inflamma¬ tion, allays pain, cures wind colic. 25c. a bottle. When bilious or costive, eat a Cascaret* candy cathartic; cure guaranteed; 10c., 25c. State, of Lucas Ohio, County,, City makes, of Toledo, } that ss. he is the Frank J. Cheney oath senior partner of tho firm of F. J. Cheney & Co., doing business in the City of Toledo, County and State aforesaid, and that said Arm will pay the sum of one hundred dollars for each and every case of catarrh that cannot be cured by the use of Hall’s Catarrh Cuke. Frank J. Cheney. Sworn to before me and subscribed in my {: Iff osance, this 5th day of December, A. SEAL i860. A. W. Gleason, > Notary Public. Hall’s Catarrh Cure is taken internally, and acts directly on the blood and mucous surfaces of the system. Send for testimonials, free. F. J. Chknky & CO., Toledo, O. Sold by Druggists, Pills 75c. Hall’s Family are tbe best. Just try a 10c. box of Cascarets, tbe finest liver and bowel regulator ever made. I could not get along without Piso’s Cure for Consumption. It always cures.—Mrs. E. C. Moulton, Needham, Mass., Oct. 22, K J4. Cascarets stimulate liver, kidneys and bowels. Never sicken, weaken or gripe; 10c. Questions Answered. The following answers are guaran¬ teed by a Philadelphia paper to have been made at the graduation exercises of one of the leading grammar schools of Boston: “Name a fruit which has its seed on the outside.” “A seed cake.” “Name six animals of the arctio zone.” “Tljree polar bears and three seals.” / “What sfte the last teeth that come to a man?, “False teeth.” “Whayis yeast?” “Yeast is a vege¬ table itself fiy/ng oji to anything.” about in the air, hitching “Nfjine and locate the five senses.” “The eyes are in the northern part of the face and the month in the south- ern.” “Explain ‘flinch’ and use it as a sentence.” “Flinch, to shrink. Flan-, nel flinches when it is washed.” Printing and Publishing. A young lady explained to a printer the difference in printing and publish¬ ing, and in conclusion said: “Now, you may print a kiss on my cheek, but you must not publish it.” With that he locked the fair form in his arms so that it woulij not pi and went to press.
