Newspaper Page Text
VOLUME 111. NUMBER 5.
■fOUNG BUILDERS OF PANAMA CANAL FORTS
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r • Secretary of War Garrison has designated a board of ranking officers to
i report on the defenses of the Panama canal, the construction work or which
is being done by these young lieutenants of the engineering corps, George R.
Goethals (right), son of the chief engineer of the canal, and Albert H. Acher,
son-in-law of Col. H. F. Hodges, also one of the canal commissioners.
GOOD FOODWASTED
Suet a Very Valuable Article for
the Table.
Usually Thrown Away or Used for
Soap, It Could Be Rendered and
Put to Most Excellent Use
in Cooking.
Washington, D. C. —Reports from
some of the food specialists of the de
partment of agriculture indicate that
in certain sections there is a serious
waste of a valuable food due to the
fact that many housewives do not ap
preciate the value of suet in cooking
and do not know how to use it. As a
result many throw good food suet in
to the garbage pail, or else in rare
cases use it with meat trimmings for
soap making. Many are unaware that
suet possesses the same food value as
lard, and if properly tried out is a sat
isfactory substitute for frying pur
poses, for shortening, and in making
savory fats. Apparently some of the
cook books have misled the American
housewife by stating that suet is good
only for soap making. In Europe,
however, this food is carefully kept
and rendered, and in Germany, suet
and lard are used interchangeably for
frying and shortening.
Suet is the hard fat about the kid
neys and loins in beef and mutton
which corresponds to the fat of hogs
from which leaf lard is made. Those
who do not know how to render it ob
ject to hardness of suet and to its spe
cial flavor. Fresh suet, however, can
be so rendered as to make a soft, us
able fat, practically free from any dis
tinctive flavor or odor.
The following is the simplest meth
od for trying out suet:
“Remove the skin and lean parts
from beef fats, and cut into small
pieces. Put It into a saucepan and
I WILLINGHAM’S WAREHOUSE |
| COTTON FACTORS I
jU Corner Third and Pine Sts.
| MACON, GA. |
|MWV Mules, Horses |
HL R Bought, Sold and Traded
| Cuano and Groceries |
the Ihlhth
I cover it with cold water. Place it on
the stove uncovered, so that the
steam may carry off any disagreeable
flavor. When the water has nearly
all evaporated, set the kettle beck and
let the fat slowly ‘fry out.’ When the
" fat has ceased bubbling and the scraps
of skin are shriveled, allow the scraps
to settle at the bottom of the kettle,
strain the fat through a cloth and set
it away to cool."
p This fat is so valuable in cooking
that housewives will do well to save
all suet from their meat and fry it
out.
For those who want a mixture of
1 suet and leaf lard the following recipe
■ will be found useful:
t “Take two parts of suet and one of
’ leaf lard, finely ground, and mix to
> gether. Render this with whole milk
- in the proportion of one-half pint milk
; to two pounds of the mixed suet and
i lard (Render means to melt down or
- to clarify by melting). The suet and
s lard mixture may be finely divided by
f passing it through a meat grinder, and
t may then be heated in a double boiler,
i when the fat will be quickly released
■ from the tissues, and when allowed to
- cool will form a cake on the surface
5 of the liquid which may be easily re
-3 moved.”
i This fat has a good odor, color and
1 texture, and is softer than the suet
, alone. It is useful for frying and the
t shortening of foods with high flavors
t and may be used with fair results in
: shortening such things as baking pow
der biscuits It is useful for cooking
- vegetables either alone or with the ad
i dltion of a little butter.
3 The popularity of fried food in many
3 families is due entirely to the fact
- that the fat has been burned in cook
- ing. Fat when heated to too high a
i temperature splits up and may form
- substances which have an irritating
■ effect on the throat and may cause di
gestive disturbances. Fat in itself is
-a very valuable food and if it is not
scorched should prove a healthful rath
i er than an objectionable article of
1 diet. A slightly burned taste and sim
-1 ilar objectionable flavors can often be
IRWINTON, WILKINSON COUNTY, GEORGIA, FRIDAY, JANUARY 30, 1914.
removed from fat by putting into it j
thick slices of raw potato and heating |
it gradually. When the fat ceases to I
bubble and the potatoes are brown, the I
fat should be strained off through a j
cloth placed in 3 wire strainer.
KERMIT ROOSEVELT TO WED I
Daughterd of U. 8. Ambassador to Be
Bride of Ex-President’s Sec-
ond Son.
Richmond, Va. —Letters received
here from Madrid by friends of Am
bassador Willard reported the engage
ment of the ambassador’s daughter,
Miss Belle Willard, to Kermit Roose
celt, son of CoL Theodore Roose
velt.
The wedding, it Is said, will take
place in the spring, probably here
In Richmond, the home of the Wil
lards.
Miss Willard, Kermit Roosevelt and
his sister, now Mrs. Richard Derby,
were guests of the Willards on a long
motor trip through Virginia and end
ing at Hot Springs a little over a year
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Miss Belle Willard.
ago. Miss Willard was one of the
guests last winter at the wedding in
New York of Miss Ethel Roosevelt to
Mr. Derby.
Kermit Roosevelt, second son of the
former president, is twenty-four. Since
the summer of 1912 he has been in
Brazil and is now an officer of the
Anglo-Brazilian Iron company in San
Paulo. He is tall and well set, and
has won honors as an athlete.
He Interrupted his studies at Har-
On
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Kermit Roosevelt.
vard in 1909 to accompany the colo
nel on the latter's African hunt as
photographer to the expedition.
In the fall of 1911 he resumed his
studies at Harvard and was gradu
ated in June, 1912.
Training 120,000
Citizens To Be x
Soldier^^O
jmmmm T was that blazing hot first
Iday of July, 1898. Shaft
er’s little army was tear
ing its way through the
■■mmmi tropic jungle and up the
vkjdgSfe heights toward where lay
the Spanish riflemen de
fFp)] fending Santiago de Cuba.
At what since came to
be known as “Bloody
Bend’’ in the path of the American
advance there was a break in the
foliage. Directly in the line of the
Spanish fire it lay. And so thick was
the jungle that the advancing troops
had to cross this open space.
• * *
Untrained in warfare, many un
trained even in what is now regarded
as primary principles of combat, brave
but untaught and unprepared as
Americans ever have been in the
earlier stages of their wars, the new
enlisted men from New York and
Michigan and Oklahoma and Arizona
and ail the union met here the su
preme iest.
Scores fell before the enemy’s fire.
What was needed most was intelligent
leadership, and skilled leaders were
woefully few. The sacrifice of life
went, on, for lack of knowledge to
cope with an unexpected military sit
uation.
There came on the scene First |
Lieut. Albert L. Mills, First United ,
States cavalry, holding rank as cap
tain and assistant adjutant general of
volunteers, and attached to the staff
of General Shafter. Four years at
West Point and 19 years as a subal
tern officer of cavalry serving in the
far west —hard, studious, working
year. -umted with natural capacity
and fitnes ~ had made him a cool, re
sourceful. skillful, trained military
leader. He knew the business of war. |
At once he began to bring order out
of chaos. He showed the men how :
to take cover. He directed a return ’
fire. The advance, temporarily check- !
ed, was resumed.
Then a Spanish bullet crashed
through his head. It tore away one !
eye and temporarily blinded the other.
But he refused to leave the spot where
he was so urgently needed. Sight
less, a bloody bandage wound about
his brow, be remained and continued
his work ,of directing the troops as
they came along.
The scene has been perpetuated in
picture and in written description. It
..stands out as one of the most vivid
and splendid incidents of the war of
1898.
■“For distinguished gallantry in ac
tion near Santiago de Cuba. July 1, ■
1898, in encouraging those near him .
by his bravery and coolness after be- ,
I ing shot through the head and entire- ;
!ly without sight.” That Is the nota- |
I tkm on the record in the war depart
< ment in explanation of the award of '
I the congressional medal of honor to
this officer.
Was he any more brave than scores
and hundreds of others who partici- [
pated in the operations at Santiago? '
Probably not, but he, better than so !
man}' others, knew how to do the job
which the American forces had set *
out to accomplish on that day. It ■
was his knowledge, his military skill. |
quite as much as his coolness and .his i
disregard of his own sufferings, that
brought him distinction.
The government at Washington,
these lessons fresh in its mind, con
cluded that the man who had done
what Mills had done at Bloody Bend
was the sort of man needed to train
future army officers. So, advancing
him to the rank of colonel, the war
department in the autumn of 1898,
when his one remaining eye had
healed, sent him to West Point as
superintendent of the finest military
academy in the world. There he re
mained for eight years.
In 1,904 he was advanced to the
grade of brigadier general. Now, after
two years of departmental command
in the Philippines and three years of
like duty in the department of the
gulf, general Mills Is back at his old
occupation of supervising the training
of young Americans tn the business
of war.
But it Is in a larger field. Instead
of directing the Intensive training of:
several hundred prospective officers of .
the regular army he is in charge of '
the federal activities that assist the
National Guards of the various states
In attaining military proficiency. Ap
proximately 120,000 National Guards
men are the material with which he
is working. It is a larger force than
the regular army.
Something ingrained in the fiber of
English-speaking peoples makes them
opposed to the maintenance of large
standing armies. They ever have pre- i
ferrod to put their dependence in a i
citizen soldiery. But modern condi-1
tions, the invention of intricate and
powerful new engines of war; the
need, as revealed by studies and ex
perience of military sanitation; the
development of new and swift meth
ods of transportation—all these have
changed the character of the soldier’s
business. He must know more today
than ho ever knew before. The idea
of the soldier as mere “food for pow
der” long ago became obsolete. A
higher training is required.
Our little standing army, therefore,
i is today regarded more as a training
■ school and a model for the larger mili
| tary force that will be necessary in
i our next war than as the country’s
chief land defense dependence. From
the citizens must come the big fight
ing force. ।
In our every war we have sent un
trained citizens into the field at the
beginning. The resulting loss of life,
largely because of the ignorance of
how to live under military held con
ditions, has been shocking. The finan
■eiAl loss in prolongation of the war.
; in temporary setbacks, in expense of
। improvising field armies from nothing,
j in pension rolls, has been stupendous.
■ Lack of preparedness was the cause.
Preparedness, then, is the aim and
I purpose of the military authorities of
j the United States. They are trying,
so far as congress and public opinion
will permit, to profit by the awful les
sons of the past. They are trying to
make the regular army a perfect mili
tary force and to make the National
Guard, otherwise the organized mili
tia, just as well trained as any body
of citizen soldiers can be trained.
Results are being achieved.
There has been an organized militia ’
of sorts ever since this became a
constitutional republic. The organiz- j
ing of it ever has been in the hands 1
i of the states, however, and the states
i have had varying ideas of what sort i
|of a military force should be main-.
i tained in the guise of organized :
I militia,
| The war of 1898 showed up the de
fects of our military system in a glar-
I ing fashion. This resulted in the
passage of the new militia law of
1903, known as the Dick bill, really
j organizing the militia force. By this
I act larger federal assistance was given !
’ to the militia of the states and a larg
j er measure of military efficiency re- :
quired of those forces in return for '
I that aid.
In 1908 the law was amended and
! improved. A national militia board,
i consisting of militia officers appointed
by the secretary of war, was author
ized to advise with the war depart
ment on militia affairs. And also the
division o? militia affairs in the war
department was created to handle the .
subject
• • *
It is this division which Brig. Gen.
Albert I. Mills now beads.
Federal aid is now extended to the
organized militia or National Guards :
of the various states to the extent i
of about $5,000,000 a year. Os this i
about $2,500,000 is expended for arms,
equipment, camp purposes and maneu
vers, about $500,000 for the promotion
of.rifle practice, something like $600,-
000 for ammunition and more than
$1,000,000 for supplies.
The result of the new laws has been
to bring the National Guard force into
closer and more intimate relation with
the regular army, to make it more
: uniform In organization, discipline and
' equipment and to establish standards
। of efficiency, to which all elements are
j working.
General Mills himself, in his erect
carriage, grizzled hair, stiff, gray, mili
tary mustache, firm jaw and strongly
lined mouth, is the Ideal soldier. In
speech he is careful and fieliberate. in
action sure, determined, rapid. “A
strong character” Is the estimate of
| the observer. It is a correct esti
mate. One known, without the study
■ of his life and habit of thought that
! demonstrates the correctness of the
I theory, that he is a man of high
i Ideals, spotless life and simple creed
■ of right and wrong.
I “Why do we have an organized mill*
i Ha?” was the question put to General
; Mills one afternoon in his office.
“As viewed from the standpoint of
I the national government, we have an
I organized militia to take part with the
i army as the first line of defense in
; case of any national emergency,” re
: plied the general.
“To maintain ourselves,” he contin
। ued, “until the great mass of volun
; teers which is certain to be needed to
i carry on any war with a foreign pow
! er can be enlisted, organized, equip
| ped and trained.
"The organized militia is to be dio
' tinguished from the unorganized mili
tia. The latter embraces the man
hooa of the country. Since 1792 every
| male citizen of the United States be-
I tween the ages of eighteen and forty
, five, who is physically sound, has been.
' a member of the unorganized militia.
I "The organized militia includes the
; National Guards of the several states.
, Its rep'irtsd strength is 120,000. The
law of 1903 mak-.s this a more formid
able arm than its prototype ever was
before. The war department recog
nizes it as a potent force which, with
proper support by congress, can be
made a real national military asset.
Only those elements of the National
, Guard which participate in the federal
appropriations and conform in organi
> zation, armament and equipment with
■ what is prescribed for the regular
army are recognized by the war de
partment as part of the organized
militia. This takes in, however, al
most all the so-called National Guard
i organizations in the country.
“The policy of the war department
’ is to make the organized militia an
efficient force for national military
i purposes. The department is without
[ authority to increase the strength of
the organized militia, it being within
i the province of each state, under the
i constitution, to determine what sized
j force it shall have. The purpose of
the department is to seek to mako
effective the intention of congress, as
expressed in existing laws, and assist
the states in so organizing, arming,
equipping and training their National
Guards that these independent forces,
when needed, can pass, without reor
' ganization. smoothly and easily into
the federal service.
* * *
I “The division of militia affairs is
the machinery through which the war
’ department exercises its supervision
i over and discharges its responsibili
ties to the organized militia. The di
vision is one of the four co-ordinate
branches of the office of the chief of
staff of the army. Its duties are com
prehensive. They fall naturally into
| two classes. One is administrative
; and the other instructional.
“Administrative embraces all the
details connected with the supervision
' of disbursements of federal funds, the
i organization of the National Guard
• in the various states, and their equip
! ment with arms, ammunition, uni
‘ forms and camp equipage generally.
“The alm of the instructional ef
forts is to assist the states in securing
a trained and efficient field force. Un
der the constitution the authority for
training the militia is in the hands of
the states, but it must be of the kind
that is prescribed by congress for the
army.
“With this in view, there are as
signed to each sta.te specially qualified
and selected officers to do duty as in
spector-instructors, assisting the states
in this practical way, and enabling
them in the matter of training to keep
in touch with the most modern meth
ods pursued in the army.
“The result of federal assistance af
forded the organized militia is that it
has greatly increased the efficiency of
the force. It is progressing so well
along these lines that, with continued
assistance by congress and a recogni
tion of that assistance by the states,
the nation will have a dependable field
force, certainly one infinitely better
than any new organization, filled up
with untrained citizens, could be
pected to be.”
81.00 A YEAR
