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MPeople
“GATLING GUN” PARKER
capture and the retention of San Juan hill possible. More than that, his
modest little detachment effectually halted the operating of a formidable
battery that might easily have put many of Shafter’s fieldpieces out of action.
In short. Lieutenant Parker showed the military world for the first time
just what the machine gun could be relied upon to do in the hands of capable
men. He anticipated and actually predicted the part that the machine gun
has played in the present struggle in Europe.
Long before the war with Spain Lieutenant Parker grasped the tactical
value of the machine gun, and became so insistently an advocate of the
weapon that he talked about it upon every possible occasion.
He drew up plans for a suitable carriage, so that the machine gun,
ordinarily equipped with only a tripod, might have the fullest mobility and
keep right along with the most advanced troops.
So persistent was Parker in riding his hobby that other army officers
thought him something of a bore and sometimes avoided his company. But
his enthusiasm and theories have been fully justified, first by the work of his
machine-gun detachment in the Spanish-American war, and now, even more
fully, by the developments of the great conflict in Europe.
VARDAMAN ON “FLUNKIES”
James K. Vardanian, United States
senator from Mississippi, has said
many biting and even bitter things
during his public career, and the other
day he took occasion to pay his re
spects to a certain class of citizens of
Washington, in the course of an elo
quent plea for better citizenship made
before a mass meeting in Alexandria.
“There are more flunkies to the
square inch in Washington than I ever
saw in my life,” declared the senator,
“and I verily believe that if you would
stuff a colored laborer’s overalls with
straw and label the effigy ‘congress
man’ or ‘senator,’ you would soon have
half the population crawling to it.”
Senator Vardaman said that a pub
lic office should be honored, but that
the man in that office should be hon
ored in accordance with his worth.
Honest, fearless, patriotic men and
women are needed at the ballot box
today, Senator Vardaman told his audi-
ence, and if mistakes have been made in the past they may be righted in the
future. The speaker expressed the fear that “in this nation dollar is the god
and commerce the religion of too many.”
J DEMOCRATS’ PUBLICITY MAN
small contributions for the campaign from great numbers of people. The
scheme netted the committee more than SIOO,OOO. His excellent publicity work
that year led to his selection for chief of that department in this campaign.
MADDEN, LONG LOST BROTHER
Martin B. Madden, congressman
, from Chicago, is not only wealthy. He
is also quite handsome. Nevertheless
he is not satisfied with his physical
make-up. He would be much better
pleased If he were built along more
original lines. The trouble with him is
that he looks like too many people. He
makes a specialty of being a ringer for
the long-lost brothers.
On an average of once a month he
gets a letter from someone who has
seen his picture and claims him as a
brother thought to have been lost at
sea or strayed from home years and
years ago
One day. he heard from a woman,
who said she had a locket with an
* “M” on it, and containing a boyhood
picture of her long-lost brother that
looked exactly like the one of Madden
in a Chicago paper. Madden was
obliged to tell her that his congres
» sional duties are too pressing to allow
him any time for being a long-lost brother this year. Thia is only a sample
incident, and Mr. Madden is getting somewhat “peeved.”
Surprise and concern were felt
when it was learned that a United
States army machine gun had failed
to work during the raid made by Villis
tas on Columbus, N. M. Promptly the
war department set about preventing
a repetition of that breakdown by
sending to the border the army’s ma
chine-gun expert, Maj. John Henry
Parker of the Twenty-fourth infantry,
variously known in the service as “Gat
ling Gun Parker” or, more intimately,
“John Henry.” Major Parker has a
noteworthy record, because he is the
man who demonstrated the possibili
ties of the machine gun.
This happened 18 years ago, dur
ing Shafter’s campaign, which cul
minated in the fall of Santiago de
Cuba. The man in the street may not
be aware of it, but Lieutenant Parker
—for such he was then —has been
credited with turning the tide of bat
tle at a critical period and making the
When the joint finance and execu
tive campaign committee of the Demo
cratic national committee selected
Frederick W. Steckman as director of
publicity for the national committee in
the coming presidential campaign, it
picked one of the most experienced
and popular of the newspaper writers
and correspondents in Washington.
Mr. Steckman, who was born in
Princeton, Mo., thirty-six years ago,
first went to Washington about 1904 as
correspondent of the St. Louis Repub
lic. For some years now he has been
a political writer for the Washington
Post and besides has covered the capi
tol and the White House for the New
Orleans Daily States. However, he be
gan his newspaper activities when he
was less than ten years old.
In 1912 Mr. Steckman was in
charge of the Chicago headquarters of
the Democratic national committee,
and it was he who devised the plan of
THE BULLETIN, IRWINTON, GEORGIA.
I SIN OR I
SINS
By REV. J. H. RALSTON
Secretary of Correspondence Department,
Moody Bible Institute of Chicago
III—- I
TEXT—Depart from me; for I am a sin
ful man, O Lord.—Luke 5:8.
There is no indication that, when
Peter used those words to the Lord
at the sea of Gali
lee, he had com
mitted any par
ticular sin for
which he was es
pecially repentant.
This suggests the
inquiry as to
whether we
should distinguish
between sin and
sins.
In the popular
conception a sin
is any violation of
God’s law; sev
eral such viola
tions would be
called sins. When
we are studying man as a sinner be
fore God, should we have in mind indi
vidual sins, or something back of them
that we may call sin?
Reform Not Sufficient.
This inquiry is quite important from
the fact that we hear a great deal
about the sins of men, and little about
their sin. The pastor or evangelist
very frequently urges men to get right
with God, and in doing so he often
cries: “Quit your meanness;” “Get
on the water wagon;” “Stay at home
of nights;” “Stop your ‘gossiping,”
etc. The result of such exhortation is
in very many cases prompt obedience
to the exhortation of the preacher and
the life is greatly improved. What
has taken place? Practically nothing
more than reform, and there is no
guaranty that it will be permanent.
But are these individual transgres
sions of law all that is in the mind of
the Spirit, speaking in the Bible? In
many places in the word of God sin
is spoken of in such connection that
the individual transgression can hardly
be in mind. “In sin did my mother
conceive me;” “God be merciful to me
a sinner;” "There is a sin (the par
ticle is not in the original) not unto
death;” “I am a sinful man, O Lord;"
“O wretched man that I am! who shall
deliver me from the body of this
death.” In none of these, and many
more might be cited, is there any ref
erence to particular sins; the clear in
timation is that there is something
back of the individual sin: a state, or
condition, or tendency that is properly
called sin.
Sinning the Law of Life.
When it is said “The soul that sin
neth it shall die,” we are not to un
derstand that a single sin is in mind,
any more than when we consider the
words “He that is born of God sinneth
not” In the latter case it is not a
question of a man committing some
particular sin, as may be easily learned
from an intelligent study of the
original language. In the American
Revised Version that text is trans
lated “Doeth not sin.” That is an ap
proach to the correct idea, but a bet
ter expression would be “Does not
practice sin.” That is, sin is not the
rule of the man’s life. “The soul that
sinneth it shall die,” does not mean
that a man who commits a single sin,
or indeed many of them, necessarily
dies on that account, although he will
suffer penalty, but it means that the
man whose law of life is sinning, will
die.
Paul doubtless had sins which trou
bled him, but he saw something back
of those particular sins and cried out
“Who shall deliver me from the body
of this death?” We can hardly think
of using extravagant language in that
connection if he had only in mind re
lief from some particular transgres
sion; but if he saw that his whole na
ture was changed, he could very rea
sonably cry out “I thank God through
Jesus Christ our Lord.”
As long as man only has his eye on
his individual transgressions and
thinks of freeing himself from their
evil effects, he- is only getting the
merest part of the blessing of salva
tion through Jesus Christ. His prfiy
er for pardon is good, but would be
much better if he could pray “Create
in me a clean heart, O God.” He is
then getting at the root of the matter
for he readily sees that if the fountain
is pure the stream will be pure.
A New Heart Needed.
Regeneration is fairly well present
ed by both ministers and evangelists,
but it needs more emphasis than it is
receiving, and if a proper distinction
could be made between sin and sins,
there would be more thought of the
need of the new heart and there would
be no satisfaction nor rest until that
is secured.
God is as able to make the fountain
of life pure as to pardon the individ
ual sins. While a pure life is pleasing
to him, it is not that which he asks
man to give to him, rather his heart,
“Son, give me thine heart.” One of
the sweetest promises that we have
in the Biole, is in the Old Testament
and has an application here: “A new
heart also will I give thee and a new
spirit will I put within thee; and I
will take away the stony heart out of
your flesh and I will give you a heart
of flesh.” God is most honored as
we seek for the widest and the deep
est blessings that the plan of redemp
tion through Jesus Christ offers.
SECRET OF SUCCESSFUL POULTRY RAISING [
—■ II ■
I
Cull the fowl on the left; keep the one on the right.
The long body, deep chest, broad head, and short beak, together with the
bright eye of the cock on the right indicate good strong constitution.
The short body with long legs, and narrow head and chest indicate
weak constitution in the bird on the left.
(By H. L. KEMPSTER. Missouri College
of Agriculture.)
The secret of successful poultry rais
ing is to cull. Breeding stock should
undergo a most rigid selection not on
ly for type but for constitutional vigor
for unless a bird has a good, strong
constitution it cannot be an economi
cal producer. Weak chicks are more
liable to disease, they are not as good
egg producers, nor do the birds grow
and fatten as economically.
A good constitution is indicated by
a broad, deep chest, long body, active
disposition, keen bright eye, a broad
head and bright colored comb, glossy
plumage and a very well curved beak.
Birds which have any tendency to
ward the elongated heads, commonly
known as “crow heads,” should be
eliminated from the breeding pens.
Females that have heavy abdomens
and excessive fat so that they bag
down behind should be sent to the
market for they are generally poor
breeders and always poor producers.
The bird which is the first off the roost
in the morning and the last to go on
to the roost at night should be used.
Any bird which has been sick at any
time should not be used in the breed
ing pen. The time to begin to select
breeders for the next season is when
the chicks are hatched. Those birds
which show a tendency toward weak
ness should be marked at the time
this weakness is noticed in order that
they may never find their way into the
breeding pens. A system of marking
BEST GRAINS FOR CHICKENS
Barley, Wheat and Corn Tested at
California Station and Found to
> Be Equally Valuable.
The chicken’s digestive system is
quite different from ours, especially
in one particular, the gizzard. You
have all eaten it and know what it is,
but have you ever seen it taken from
the bird's body when dressing it for
table use? If you have, you know it
is full of fine stones and pieces of grit.
These are used to help grind up the
food and get it ready for use in the
body, so we must see to it that our
flock is furnished with plenty of grit.
This should always be kept within
easy reach of the birds.
It is always a question as to what
grain will give the best results as far
as egg production is concerned. At
the California experiment station they
tested barley, wheat, and corn and
found them equally valuable if other
feeds were used to supplement them.
This being the case, it is possible to
use the lowest priced grain. If wheat
is fed, the soft wheats or the shrunken
grain that is not used for flour may
be used. However, don’t ever feed
musty or spoiled grains. Some people
crack the corn before feeding but this
does not pay except with very young
chicks. It is a good practice to feed
a finely ground mash every third or
fourth day in place of the regular
grain feeds. This may be fed wet or
dry, but care should be taken to see
that it is evenly ground or the birds
will pick out the coarser particles and
waste much of the finer part. It is
well to provide fresh meat from time
to time and this may often be fed
finely ground with the mash. When
using it be careful that it is fresh and
not spoiled. '
RATION FOR LITTLE CHICKS
Youngsters Should Be Fed Liberally
of Wheat Bran and Middlings—
With Other Feed.
Wheat bran and middlings are
very good for the little chicks. They
should be fed liberally of it, but care
should be exercised that the ration
is balanced up with other feeds. If
it is fed alone no good results will be
accomplished, but, on the other hand,
Injury to the little fowls is likely to
occur.
CARING FOR HATCHING EGGS
They Should Be Gathered Often
Enough to Guard Against Chill
ing or Any Other Injury.
Eggs for hatching should be laid In
clean nests so that there Is no neces
sity for washing them and removing
their protective covering.
They should be gathered often
enough to safeguard against chilling,
overheating by other hens sitting on
them, soiling or any other Injury.
the birds should be used to enable
the owner to tell the age of his chick
ens. This can be done by toe-marking
the chicks with a punch when hatch
ed; or the mature birds may be leg
banded in the fall. The fowls for the
breeding pen should be selected from
the one and two-year-old stock in or
der to secure the largest and best eggs
for hatching. In fact the experience
of the Missouri agricultural experi
ment station shows that in economical
egg-production few hens over two
years old should ever be retained.
The breeding stock should be sep
arated from the general flock. It is
an unnecessary expense to breed from
the entire flock because of the extra
male birds which will be necessary.
It is also a poor practice to breed
from the entire flock because some of
the birds do not come up to the keep
ers’ ideal of chickens, and for that
reason should not be used. The worst
fault of the usual method of breeding
are (1) the use of inferior males, (2)
the breeding of immature or poorly
developed stock; (3) the breeding
from the entire flock, poor as well as
good; and (4) the selection of eggs
from the general egg basket. The
farmer should aim to select a few of
the best females and then mate to
them a good, vigorous male. A few
hens properly handled will produce all
of the eggs necessary for hatching
purposes, will eliminate the need of
using additional males and will pro
duce much better progeny.
PREVENT GAPES IN CHICKENS
Disease Constitutes Unanswerable Ar
gument for Keeping All Houses,
Yards and Roosts Clean.
(By H. S. EAKINS, Colorado Agricultural
College, Fort Collins, Colo.)
Gapes is caused by wormlike para
sites which become attached to the
mucous membrane of the windpipe
and more often affects young chickens
than older ones. The wings are
drooped, head extended, the bill is
frequently opened, and a wheezing
sound is heard as the chicken is seen
to be breathing will difficulty.
Treatment is worth while in some
instances, but the main thing is pre
vention. The eggs of the parasites
are expelled from the mouths of dis
eased chickens and may gain entrance
direct into other chickens or the eggs
getting into the soil may be ingested
by angleworms and these being eaten
by fowls will cause them to become
affected. Magpies and other birds may
transmit the disease. This disease
constitutes another unanswerable ar
gument for keeping chicken houses,
yards, pans and roosts clean at all
times.
FAVOR DUAL-PURPOSE FOWLS
Heavier Breeds Offer Many Advan
tages to Beginner as Well as to
Established Breeder.
In keeping fowls the kind kept has
a great deal to do with your success
at the business. One should strive to
produce lots of eggs and at the same
time have birds that make good table
fowls. There are several breeds of
this kind, -which are Plymouth Rocks,
Wyandottes, Orpingtons, Rhode Island
Reds, or any of the heavier breeds,
and they offer many advantages to the
beginner as well as to the older breed
er. This is mostly a question of taste
Spr each individual poultryman.
These larger breeds make excellent
table fowls after the laying season is
over if not wanted to carry over to
the next season.
ERADICATE LICE ON FOWLS
Soft Earth, Mixed With Ashes, Affects
Hens’ Opportunity to Get Rid of
Blood Suckers.
Droopy chickens, eyes closed and
feathers ruffled do not all indicate
disease. Better look around the prem
ises and see where the lice are begin
ning to crawl out. Pick the fowl up
and look closely about the fluff on
hips, at base of tail around the vent,
and nine chances to one you will find
the real cause numerous blood-suck
ing parasites.
Soft earth stirred up in the scratch
ing shed, mixed with fine stove ashes,
will afford the hens an opportunity to
rid themselves of this pest. Better to
dust each individual and assist them
to drive the pest away.
| JNIBMONAL
smsmi
Lesson
(By E. O. SELLERS. Acting- Director of"
Sunday School Course of the Moody
Bible Institute, Chicago.)
(Copyright, 1916, Western Newspaper Union. >
LESSON FOR MAY 28
THE COUNCIL AT JERUSALEM.
LESSON TEXT-Acts 15:1-86.
GOLDEN TEXT—For freedom dldl
Christ set us free.—Gal. 5:1.
The events of this lesson are out
standing in Christian history. Paul’s
appeal to the Gentiles and the large
number of them who accepted the Gos
pel made most acute the question,
"Must Gentile believers become Jew
ish proselytes upon accepting the
, Christian faith and be governed by
Jewish law and customs?” It would,
be exceedingly interesting to divide
a class and let them debate this con
troversy stated as follows: “Resolved,
) That the Mosaic law should not have
been imposed upon Gentile Chris
; tians.” The date of this council was.
• A. D. 50 or 51, and the scene is laid
• first in Antioch of Syria and then in
> Jerusalem.
i I. A Division of Opinion (vv. 1-6)..
■ Luke does not name those who agi
> tated and precipitated this contro
> versy, but clearly indicates how the
• Holy Spirit dealt with the situation.
I "Is a man justified by fath, or by the
> works of the law?” is a similar ques
tion with modern application. The
' Holy Spirit, to avoid a rupture in the
1 yet weak church, directs that Paul,
i Barnabas, Titus (Gal. 2:1) and “cr
i tain others” who are not named,
• should carry the question to the apos
l ties and elders in Jerusalem. Those
f to whom they went were “of reputa
• tion” (Gal. 2:2), the “pillars” GaL
t 2:9) and they received the delegation
t from Antioch in public (15:4), also
> heard Paul in private (Gal. 2:2).
11. The Argument, (vv. 6-18). It
’ will not do to be harsh in condemn
> ing Paul’s accusers. The Pharisees
’ felt deeply their position. As God’s
5 chosen people they were marked by
* circumcision. Jesus, the promised Mes
- siah, was a Jew. Social, religious,
* and racial differences are hard to rec
r oncile in one church today. But little
1 was asked of the Gentiles in contrast
> with all they received. Entrance to
church membership would not be too
' easy if circumcision were imposed as
a test of their sincerity. Peter brought
. forward the plea before the council
k that God had given the Holy Spirit to
* the uncircumcized Christians, “and put
no difference between us and them,
purifying their hearts by faith” (vv.
8,9). God bears the same witness
today to those who refuse to be bound
by Mosaic traditions as regards the
1 seventh day and other such details.
, Paul’s argument was that God had
3 wrought signs and wonders among
3 the Gentiles and thus set his seal
3 upon his preaching of salvation as.
3 apart from legalistic works (v. 12).
3 Read in this connection Gal. 2:16, Ti
, tus 3:20, 8:3, 10:4, and Phil. 3:9.
3 The apostle James presented the third
argument in connection with the ver
-3 diet he pronounced. It was that it
. is according to Old Testament Scrip
-3 ture that God will take a people for
. his name from among the uncircum
-3 sized Gentiles as well as from among
3 the law-keeping Jews (vs. 13-17).
1 With Paul this was a vital question,
, and we can at least imagine his feel
-3 ings as he puts forth a life-and-death
r struggle for the truth. As Peter re
-3 minded the people of the occasion
. when “the Holy Spirit came upon Cor
nelius and his household” he caused
j them to keep silence.
ill. A Wise Decision (vv. 19-29). It
was James the Just, brother of our
* | Lord, the writer of the epistle and
* the bishop overseer of the church at
Jerusalem, who rendered the decision.
In his argument (vs. 13-18) he saw
in these Gentile converts reported by
Barnabas and Saul a fulfillment of
the prophecy of Amos, and to use the
’ language of today he “made a mo
tion,” viz., that these Gentiles be not
disturbed except in such matters as
’ would tend to more fully separate
them from the heathen idolatry they
had just left, (a) “Pollution of idols,”
j 1. e., flesh offered in the sacrifices (b)
“from fornication,” the immorality
’ connected with the pagan worship of
Aphrodite .and Cybele which actually
’ consecrated vice, and (c) “from things
strangled,” for the heathen did not,
t as the Jews did, look upon the blood
, as life, the seat of the soul. The
’ church readily agreed to this motion
and took such precautions as were
needed that no misrepresentations of
their decision be carried back to Anti
) och. This consisted of a spirit-led
choice of piessengers and in a written
> statement of their decision (vs. 22, 23).
IV. The Result in Antioch (vv. 30-35).
Great joy greeted the conclusion of
this question.
1 It produced pleasant harmony in
3 place of discord and in place of the
• irksome bondage of the law it gave the
- joyous liberty of the Gospel.
’ Jewish legalism gave way to Chris
i tian liberty. Judas and Silas, Spirit
. filled, gave much profitable exhorta-
I tion and instruction.
Silas after reporting to the Jeru
salem church (v. 32) seems to have
■ returned to his new-found friends
> (v. 34) and later became, along with
i Patil, a missionary (v. 40).
’ Thus the evil Paul’s enemies
1 thought to accomplish worked out to *
the good of all (Rom. 8:28).
