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VOLUME V. NUMBER 44.
HOUMANIA ENTERS
I EUROPEAN WAR
■Battle On The Border Follows When
I Balkan Nation Comes In On
I The Side Os The Allies
I may shortenthe conflict
■ The Roumanian Offensive Is Aimed
2 At Two Important Cities
| In Transylvania
S London. —Roumania has thrown in
I her lot with the entente allies by de
■ daring war on Austria-Hungary and
■ almost simultaneuosly Germany has
■ announced that she is at war with
■ RouYhania. Already the troops of
■ King Ferdinand are seeking entry into
H the plains of Transylvania through
II the eastern Carpathians toward Kron
■ stadt, the chief city in Transylvania,
■ and in the direction of Harmannstadt,
I evidently in an endeavor to press to
1 the northward through Transylvania
. toward the Bukowina and Galicia bor
‘ ders and to take in the rear the Aus
tro-Germans trying to hold back the
Russians.
. Roumanian Army Numbers 900,000
It is estimated that the effective*
strentgh of the army which can be
mobilized by Roumania is about nine
hundred thousand men, including ten
regiments of Red Hussars and ten
of Black Hussars, with artillery ag
gregating 480 seventy-flve-millimeter
guns, 160 field guns, belonging to the
reserve and a number of heavy guns.
The action of Roumania may force
-Greece to enter the war on the side
of the entete allies. Dispatches from
Athens indicate that popular feeling
is stirred deeply by occupation of Gre
cian territory by Bulgarian forces, al
though this move was sanctioned by
the Greek government.
Fifty thousand Greeks joined in a
popular demonstration August 27 be
fore the residence of former Premier
■Venizelos, an ardent supporter of the
entente allies. The former premier
urged that a committee be sent to
King Constantine to warn him not
to use his influence in the forthcom
ing general election, because the re
sults would be “destructive” and to re
quest him to give the present govern
ment, which favors a policy of neu
trality, full of political authority, at
the same time preparing the army for
“a possible rupture of existing condi
tions."
Roumania’s Action May Shorten War
Paris. —The entrance of Roumania
into the war was received with popu
lar rejoicing in Paris. For the first
time in many months the newspapers
were permitted to publish extra edi
tions and in half an hour all Paris
had learned the news and the city
was beflagged with- the Roumanian
•colors. The declaration had been ex
pected in France hour by hour for
three days. The general belief in
France is that Roumania’s action will
tend to shorten the war. Some of the
more optimistic military commenta
tors predict that Turkey will be crush
ed within six months and that Austria
will be subjected to unbearable press
ure, but Parisians have observed the
failure of many predictions and are in
clined to wait calmly.
18 VILLA BANDITS SHOT
AS SOON AS CAPTURED
Cody Os One Os The Bandits Hung
Up In The Plaza As An
Object Lesson
Chihuahua City, Mexico—ln a fight
with a band of Villa followers at Cor
ralitos, close to the Durango line, the
forces of General Domingo Arrieta
took 18 prisoners, who were immedi
ately tried by a drumhead courtmar
tial and shot, according to official re
ports received by General Trevino.
The body of the notorious bandit,
Ferniza, found among the rebel’s slain,
was taken into the town of Matamo
ros, near Torreon, and hung up in
the plaza as an object lesson to Vil
la sympathizers.
None of the prisoners taken in this
fight or those taken in the action at
Satevo a few days ago* was able to
say whether or not Villa is still alive.
Colonel Campos of the Arrieta bri
gadew as dangerously wounded.. It
was at Corralitos that General Igna
clq Ramos was killed by Villa’s men a
short time ago.
Conspired To Kidnap Harriman Boy
Salt Lake City—Ransom of SIOO,OOO
was to be demanded for Roland Harri
, man, son of Mrs. E. H. Harriman,
by three men under arrest in St. An
thony, Idaho, in connection with an
alleged conspiracy to kidnap the 16-
year-old son of the late railroad mag
nate, according to word received here.
Authorities say two of the men have
confessed that the plan was to blind
or otherwise disfigure young Harri
man it the ransom was not paid up
promptly. The threatened railroad
strike kept the Harrimans in Utah.
I lie gonetin
EIGHT-HOUR DAY CONSIDERED
EFFORT BEING MADE TO FIND
SOME WAY BY WHICH R. R.
CRISIS MAY BE AVERTED
Problem Most Important Ever Pre
sented In The Industrial History
Os The Country
Washington.—ln an effort to aid the
presidents of the country’s railroads
to find some way in which to accept
an 8-hour day for their trainmen and
avert the threatened strike, President
Wilson conferred with President Hale
Holden of the Burlington, Daniel Wil
lard of the Baltimore and Ohio and R.
S. Lovett of the Union Pacific. It is
evident that most of the railroad ex- .
ecutives have come to believe that
there can be only one way of prevent
ing a strike and that is by accepting
the 8-hour day plan. The chief effort
in their own conferences is to find
some scheme by which an 8-hour day
may be put in operation on all the
railroads at the least added expense.
Many suggestions along this line have
been made by presidents, but no one
of them has proved feasible when sub
mitted to the acid test of operating
officials. At the conclusion of their
conference with the presidents and
managers, Hale Holden, president of
the Burlington and a member of the
committee of eight, gave out the fol
lowing statement:
“The railway executives who have
met here at the request of President
Wilson are proceeding as rapidly as
practicable with their work. It must
be understood, howeevr, the problem
with which these men are wrestling
is the most important and gigantic
ever presented to any body of men in
the industrial history of the country.
They cannot, therefore, consistently
with their duty to their security hold
ers, their employees, or the public,
reach a final conclusion regarding
what action they should take without
much discussion, study and thought.
Their deliberations, participated in by
practically 100 men suddenly called
together from all parts of the United
States, require time. If our deliber
ations seem to proceed slowly it is due
to the facts that I have mentioned.
For us to act hastily would be a be
trayal of the great responsibility we
owe to all parties concerned, and, most
of all, to the public.”
HOME PORT HAS BEEN
MADE BY DEUTSCHLAND
German Supersubmarine Arrives At
Mouth Os Weser From The
United States
Berlin. —The merchant submarine
Deutschland arrived at the mouth of
the Weser on August 23, according
to reports received here. The agen
cy sending the report says that the
Deutschland arrived on the afternoon
of August 23 and anchored before the
mouth of the river. All on board were
well.
The Deutschland, a German super
submarine, built for carrying merchan
dise, arrived at Baltimore from Bre
men on July 9, with a cargo of dye
stuffs and mails. Her arrival was
hailed in Germany as the beginning
of a regular submarine merchant ser
vice between the United States and
Germany, which would be able to defy
the British blockade. It was announc
ed that she would be followed shortly
by the Bremen, a sister ship.
Ochoa Kills Guard And Then Escapes
El Paso, Texas. —Manuel Ochoa, the
Villa general who surrendered Juarez
to the Constitutionalists last Decem
ber, under a grant of amnesty, has
been captured in this district by Mex
ican customs officials, but escaped af
ter killing one of his guards, accord
ing to reports received by General Gon
zales at his Juarez headquarters.
Ochoa, who had been a political refu
gee in El Paso, crossed the Rio Grande
about thirty miles below here with five
followers with a view to joining the
revolutionist, Mariano Tames.
Shot Two Policemen Before Killed
Kansas City, Mo. —Resenting at
tempts to eject him from the apart
ments he was occupying, Dr. Fred M.
Larkin, collector of ancient and cu
rios weapons, opened fire with a pis
tol upon two policemen and in an ex
change of shots that followed Larkin
was killed, Philip B. Neff and Glenn
Marshall, patrolmen, were probably .
fatally wounded and Mrs. Maude
Echord, living in a nearby apartment,
was slightly wounded
Villa's Prestige Gone, Pershing Says
1 Washington.—ln a telegram to the
war department General Pershing re
ports that Francisco Villa when last
heard from was making his way south
into Durango with a small following,
and that the opinion was general that
his prestige was gone and that he
never again would become a serious
1 factor in Mexico/ General Pershing
says that until recently Villa had been
secluded in the mountains of southern
' Chihuahua, where he was driven last
1 April by American troops after the
Columbus assassination.
IRWINTON, WILKINSON COUNTY, GEORGIA, FRIDAY, SEPTEMBER 1, 19 J 6.
ITALY DECLARES
WAR ONGERMANY
Swiss Republic Used To Transmit War
Declaration As Diplomatic Relations
Were Already Severed
WAS UNUSUaT PROCEDURE
Italy's Allies Have Been Urging Her
To Act For Some Time—Act
Clears Situation
Paris.—A dispatch from Rome gives
a communication published by the Ste
fani agency and addressed by the Ital
ian government to the Swiss govern
ment. It requests the Swiss govern
ment to inform the German govern
ment that Italy considers herself at
war with Germany from and after
August 28.
Statement From Berlin
Berlin. —The following official an--
nouncement has been made here:
“The Italian government has declared,
through the Swiss government, that it
considers itself from August 28 at war
with Germany.
Italy’s Act Cleary Situation
London. —Italy and Germany have
been drifting steadily toward war. In
fact, Italy’s formal declaration
amounts to little more than official
recognition of a state of affairs which
already existed. The declaration be
came inevitable when Italy recently
sent troops to Saloniki to co-operate
in the campaign on the Macedonian
front, as Germany is directing the op
posite forces, and has troops on this
battle line.
Her Lot Entirely With Allies Now
Italy’s position has been anomalous
since she withdrew from the triple al
liance and declared war on Austria.
Although by this act she arrayed her
self against her former allies, Ger
many and Austria, she remained of
ficially at peace with Germany until
now. Germany exerted every effort
to induce her to remain neutral, send
ing to Rome as ambassador Prince von
Buelow, one of the ablest statesmen
of Germany. The prince for some
time averted war beteween Austria
and Italy, and when he saw a rupture
was inevitable he negotiated a special
agreement, under which in case of war
between Austria and Italy, Germany
and Italy pledged themselves to re
spect the properties and lives of their
respective subjects in each other’s do
mains. This meant for Germany a
guarantee of many millions of dollars’
worth of properties in Italy and for
Italy the safety of thirty thousand
Italian subjects in Germany.
RUSS DRIVE RESUMED
IN THE CARPATHIANS
Fresh Advance Is Reported Near The
Hungarian Border —Another Of
fensive on Dvina River
London.—Despite bad weather there
has been considerable fighting and a
renewal of mine warfare along the
British front in France. London re
ports the capture of 200 yards of a
German trench north of Bazentin-le-
Petit and a further gain northwest of
Ginchy. Berlin say that British at
tacks south of Thiepval, northwest of
Pozieres and north of Bazentin-le-Pe
tit were without success.
Paris records only the repulse of
German attacks along the line held
by the French. These attacks were es
pecially violent in the Vaux-Chapitre
wood of the Verdun sector, in Lor
raine and in the Apremont forest
The Russians, for some time inact
ive in the Riga region, again have
started an offensive. However, their
efforts to cross the Dvina river south
east of Riga and also near Friedrich
sadt failed, according to Berlin. On
the remainder of the Russian front no
important fighting has been reported.
In the Carpathians, Petrograd chroni
cles a fres hadvance of Koverla moun
tain, near the Hungarian border.
Culberson And Wilson Win In Texas
Dallas, Texas. —Returns from the
“run-off” primary for the Democratic
senatorial nomination gave United
States Senator Charles A. Culberson
a majority of approximately 67,000
.votes over former Gov. Oscar B. Col
quitt, his opponent for renomination.
Returns gave Senator Culberson 155,-
410 votes and Colquitt 88,435.
Czar Answers Wilson About Poles
Petrograd.—Emperor Nicholas re
plied to the message sent last month
by President Wilson to. the heads of
European governments, urging thei^
co-operation in measures to make pos
sible the forwarding of food supplies
to the starving people of Poland. The
emperor expressed appreciat ion of the
effort of the American people and said
he regretted that nations at war with
Russia would not agree to a plan for
provisioning the Poles. He assured
the president of his willingness to co
operate. |
LONDON RAIDED DY AIRSHIP
EIGHT PERSONS KILLED AND
MANY INJURED IN AEROPLANE
RAID ON ENGLISH CITIES
Several Fires Caused, But Property
Damage Resulting From Bombs
Very Slight
London.—Eight persons were killed
and thirty-six injured in a Zeppelin
'raid, it is announced officially. One
hundred bombs were dropped. One
Zeppelin reached the outskirts of
London. The statement says that fur
ther reports show that five or six en
emy airships raided the east and
southeast coasts of England. Two
or three raiders came in over the east
ern counties and dropped over thirty
bombs without causing any casualties
or damage. Another raider attempted
to aprpoach a seaport town, but be
ing heavily fired on by anti-aircraft
guns, was driven off to the eastw-ard
after dropping nineteen bombs in the
sea without reaching their objective.
Southeast Coast Visited; No Damage
Another airship which visited the
. southeast coast also came under a
heavy fire from anti-aircraft defenses
and was compelled dto unload her car
go of bombs in the sea without doing
^ny damage to life or property.
Outskirts Os London Raided
Another raider succeeded in reach
ing the outskirts of London, where ex
plosives and incendiary bombs were
dropped, and it is regretted that cas
ualties occurred among the civilian
population as follows: Killed, three
men, three women, two children; in
jured seriously, three men, four wom
en; injured slightly, four men, seven
women, three children. In addition,
one soldier was seriously and fourteen
slightly injured by broken glass.
Several Fires; Promptly Put Out
As far as can be ascertained some
forty bombs were dropped. Most of
these fell either on small property or
in the open, but an electric power sta
tion was slightly damaged and engi
neering works were somewhat damag
ed by fire. Several small fires occur
red, all of which were promptly extin
guished by the London fire brigade,
several persons being rescued from
positions of danger by firemen.
SUBMARINE BREMEN REPORTED
CAPTURED BY THE BRITISH
U-Boat Caught In a Steel Net In The
Straits Os Dover—Two Ger-
mans Lost Lives
New York. —An officer of the British
merchant marine who arrived here
aboard the White Star steamship Bal
tic, is authority for the statement that
the German submarine Bremen has
been captured by the British and 33
of her crew made prisoners. The Bre
men, according to the account was cap
tured in the Straits of Dover in a steel
net on August 2. Two members of her
crew lost their lives.
Another Submarine On Way To U. S.
The Bremen, it was said, while en
meshed in the net, was sighted by a
British patrol boat, her stern under
water and her bow high above the
surface. After endeavoring for a time
to extricate the wreck, the patrol boat
steamed away for Dover with her pris
oners. According to the officer quoted
the British government has maintained
silence in regard to the capture, as an
other German trans-Atlantic submarine
—the Amerika —was said to be on the
way to the United States, and it was
hoped to capture her also.
Flies Nearly 770 Miles In Nine Hours
Newport News, Va.—Victor Carls
trom, flying a twin motor combination
. land and water machine here, set a
world’s record for distince in one day,
carrying one passenger. He made 661
miles in eight hours and forty minutes.
Captain Baldwin, head of the Atlantic
coast aeronautical station, states that
Carlstrom will receive seven thousand
dollars, for his flight Carlstrom at
tempted to make 700 miles in ten
hours, but carburetor trouble delayed
him nearly an hour, while an hour and
twenty minutes were consumed in put
ting gasoline in the tanks. The ma
chine was brought to a stop only twice
during the flight.
The “Dry” Special Making a Tour
Chicago. —The “prohibition special”
car, carrying J. Frank Hanly, the pres
idential candidate, and Dr. Ira Lan
drith, candidate for vice president, on
their tow months’ tour of the country,
will stop at approximately six hun
dred towns, it was announced here at
the national headquarters. ♦
Plan Tax To Check Paper Prices
Washington. — Senator Hitchcock
(Dem.) has prepared an amendment to
the revenue bill intended to check the
soaring price of news print paper. He
states that he will bring it up in the
senate when certain sections are up
for debate. Paper selling at S4O a ton
and under will not be taxed. When
the price passes S4O a ton a tax of $1
a ton will prevail until $45 a ton is
reached, when the tax will increase to
$3 and mount up gradually until a tax
of S4O a ton prevails on paper selling
| for more than ninety dollars a ton.
CRUISER MEMPHIS
DRIVEN UN ROCKS
Great And Sudden Ground Swell In The
Harbor Os San Domingo Was
Cause Os Wreck
TWENTY LIVESJERE LOST
The Memphis Is Os 14,500 Tons And
Carries A Complement Os Nine
Hundred And Ninety Men
San Domingo.—The United States
armored cruiser Memphis was driven
ashore on the rocks of the outer har
bor by a great and sudden ground
swell. Many lives were lost, as a
result of the disaster. All fires under
the boilers of the Memphis were ex-"
tinguished by the inrush of water. The
United States gunboat Castine man
aged to escape by putting to sea.
Twenty Lives Lost On Ship
Washington.—Rear Admiral Pond,
at San Domingo, cabled the navy de
partment that the armored cruiser
Memphis, swept upon the rocks by a
heavy sea in the harbor there, would
be a total loss, and, although it was
said that all on board would be saved,
twenty men returning to the ship from
shore leave in a motor boat, were
drowned. The admiral's dispatch said:
Ship Total Loss
"Memphis driven ashore by heavy
sea, San Domingo city, west of light
house, at 4:30 p. m. She is lying close
under bluff; has lines ashore and is
getting crew off. Heavy sea came up
suddenly and ship was unable to get
up steam in time to save herself.
Twenty men of liberal party drowned
on way back to ship. Castine (gun
boat) dragged close in, but did not
strike and got out to sea. .No other
casualties known. Memphis will be
total loss. Expect to save everybody
on board.”
Ship Had Been Warned
Admiral Benson explained that the
construction of the Memphis was such
that she probably would withstand a
great amount of pounding, allowing for
rescue of those aboard. He said he
was puzzled over how the accident oc
curred, since officers of the ship had
been warned early of approach of a
tropical storm.
Memphis a 14,500 Ton Ship
The United States cruiser Memphis
formerly was the armored cruiser Ten
nessee. Her name was changed May
25 last. Recently she has been doing
duty in San Domingo waters in con
nection with the revolution. The
Memphis is of 14,500 tons and has a
horsepower of 23,000. Her comple
ment is 990 men. She is the flagship
of the cruiser force of the United
States Atlantic fleet.
ROBERT FAY MAKES ESCAPE
FROM FEDERAL PENITENTIARY
With Cleverly Forged Passes, The
Noted German Bomb Thrower
Got By The Guard
Atlanta, Ga —Robert Fay, German
conspirator, sent to the United States
penitentiary here for a term of eight
years, following his conviction in New
York on charges of conspiracy to de
stroy vessels and cargoes, together
with William Knoblock of Baltimore,
who was serving an 18-months’ sen
tence for using the mails to defraud,
escaped from the federal prison.
Attired in the blue overalls, the uni
form of the prisoners, and with the
aid of a cleverly-forged pass, the two
men succeeded in passing two guards,
one a prisoner-guard and the other a
regular guard, and made a clear es
cape.
Fay had been in America six months
at the time of his arrest and convic
tion in New York. He is a man of
culture and had made numbers of
friends at the prison.
528 Families Needy In Flood District
Charleston, W. Va. —Reports receiv
ed at relief headquarters here show
that 528 families with a total member
ship of 2,433, are destitute in the re
gion devastated by the flood in Cab
in Creek three weeks ago. These
people live in twenty-one towns,
where many houses were damaged and
in some instances entirely destroyed.
Groceries to the value of four thou
sand dollars have been distributed,
but much more foodstuff is needed
by destitute families.
Allies Advance On The Balkan Front
Paris. —The French are making
progress toward the Ljumnica river
and the Serbian army is advancing
on Vetrenik, says a war office com
munication on operations in Macedo
nia. Strong Bulgarian attacks north
west of Lake Ostrovo were repulsed
by the Serbians. The statement says:
There is nothing new on the Struma
line. .There have been lively artillery
actions around Lake Doiran and on
the banks of the Vardar, where we de
stroyed the Marzenci aviation field
w est of Lake Doiran.
SI.OO A YEAR
STATE ITEMS
CONDENSED
Atlanta. —That the receipts of the
Atlanta postoffice for the month of
August will show a gain of approxi
mately $20,000 over the corresponding
month a year ago, is the prediction of
Postmaster Jones.
Lithonia.—Mrs. C. F. Skinner, wife
of a farmer living about one mile
from Lithonia, threw her two-year-old
son in an old abandoned well about
a hundred yards from the home. She
is supposed to be insane.
Barnesville. —First Lieut. John K.
Jemison of the coast artillery, who has
been detailed by the war department
as instructor of military science and
tactics at Gordon institute, will re
port ready for duty by the opening
of the school on September 12.
Abbeville. —During a thunderstorm
recently lightning struck the barn of
N. P. Wilson, living four miles west
of Abbeville, burning the barn, a mule,
a calf and a lot of corn, oats, fodder
and other feedstuff. The loss is about
two thousand dollars, with no insur
ance.
Atlanta.—By a majority of 4,109 Asa
G. Candler was elected mayor of At
lanta in the primary. His majority
was larger than the total vote polled
for Jesse W. Armistead, his opponent
in the race. Mr. Armistead polled 3,-
712 votes. The total vote cast was
' 11,-533.
Athens. —Another set of heirs and
another alleged mother for the late
James M. Smith, millionaire farmer,
have been found, it is said, in the in-
I tervention filed before Judge Jones
iat Gainesville. The case has already
been fought out over a dozen coun
ties, before a dozen judges, county,
state and federal.
Americus.—At their own request
over seven hundred Confederate vet
erans viewed the National cemetery
at Andersonville. The feature was not
included in the program, but a spon
taneous desire to view the famous
spot of the Andersonville prison caus
ed the entertainment committee to ar
range for 150 automobiles.
Macon. —Itinerant agents for labor
will have to pay a license fee of SI,OOO
to the city of Macon before they can
solicit any kind of labor here, under
an ordinance adopted by the mayor
and council. The ordinance is fram
ed to stop agents from the north who
are making heavy ' inroads’ on the
south's negro labor.
Americus.—Just about dark one af
ternoon lately a body found lodged in
' the middle of the Flint river, three
miles south of the bridge, between Og
lethorpe and Montezuma, was identi
fied as that of Walter H. Wade, the
prominent young Leslie business man
who had been mysteriously missing
since the night of August 17.
Atlanta. —According to an Atlanta
I man, who has just returned from a
visit to Arthur, Tenn., a beautiful pel
ican was killed on a farm near there
a few days ago. It was a large
bird—white, with black tips on the
wings—which maesured seven feet
from tip to tip. Its bill measured 12
inches in length and it stood five feet
high.
Dalton. —The Dalton lodge of the
Knights of Pythias is being revived,
here. Several years ago, the lodge
was one of the largest of the secret
orders represented here, but rcently
th membership has been indifferent.
William H. Lopold, grand keeper of
records and seal, has made a visit
here, and more than a score of the
members are interested in putting the
lodge on the footing it formerly held
here.
Americus. —The long line of veter
ans, official ladies and citizens
brought the reunion to a climax when
the parade circled and passed in re
view before the newly elected com
mander, Major Martin V. Calvin of
Waycross and the retiring commander,
H. T. Davenport of Americus. As each
brigade passed the band the rebel
yell joined "Dixie” in high enthusi
a^m.
Quitman.—One of the largest meet
ings of representative farmers ever
held in Quitman convened at the
court house to hear the reports of
the sixteen farmers and business men
who went through the boll weevil ter
ritory of Alabama on a tour of inspec
tion. It proved that if there have been
any doubting Thomases among the
farmers on the boll weevil subject,
they are now fully awake to the peril
this pest threatens.
Atlanta —Out of the ten counties or
dered by Judge John C. Hart, state
tax commissioner, to increase their
returns to conform to the general
state average, but four, rGady, Bul
loch, Jeff Davis and Hart, have filed
protests for arbitration within the
time limit as specified in the general
tax act. The remaining six counties
accepted the order and expect to com
ply with its provisions. Within the
next few days the arbitrators for the
। counties involved and the state arbi
trators will meet to decide on a third
member, who shall act aa umpire
