Houston home journal. (Perry, Houston County, Ga.) 1924-1994, November 22, 1945, Image 2

Houston home journal., November 22, 1945, Image 2

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Newspaper Page TextBARUCH PREDICTS INFLATION WASHINGTON. Elder States man Bemie Baruch revealed some interesting figures on inflation re cently in an off-the-record session with 14 younger congressmen at his Shoreham hotel apartment. Baruch’s prediction was that the nation was hell-bent for inflation —and soon. Piecemeal increases in wages, profits and the cost of living have been uneven, Baruch said, with wages lagging behind. For that rea son he no longer favored his prewar idea of a freeze on both prices and I wages. Our only hope, said the el- | der statesman, is that we can weath er the next six to nine months with out running into serious inflation. If we do that, our chances of a strong recovery from the war boom are good. “The huge pent-up demand for products which we will see dur ing the next nine months is a very serious threat,” said Ba ruch, stressing the importance of holding prices down. He amazed his listeners by say ing that he is completely opposed to tax reduction of any nature at this j time. “Not only does the govern- | ment lose needed revenue, but it is an unhealthy thing for our general I economy,” argued Baruch. Rep. Andy Biemiller of Milwaukee ( asked what Baruch thought of the statement by General Motors’ pres- ] Sdent C. E. Wilson that if wages are ( raised 30 per cent, prices must go up 30 per cent. Baruch talked at some length on the general question of ris ing prices, but gave no direct an swer. Finally, Biemiller repeated ; his question. “I’m afraid I can’t agree with Mr. Wilson,” Baruch said. WAGE NOT PRICE INCREASE “Isn’t it true that industry can give a 30 per cent wage increase i without having to raise prices more than about 7per cent?” Biemiller persisted. "You are approximately right,” Baruch agreed. “I believe the fig ure you may have heard is actually BMt per cent.” Baruch also told his guests that he felt we were making a mistake in speeding manpower demobilization. “With the world in its present situation,” he said, “it seems to me it would be wiser to proceed slowly with de mobilization, in order that we not weaken ourselves at a time when power is apparently still an important thing.” He agreed also with an idea pro posed by one of his guests, Estes Ke- i fauver of Chattanooga, to have cab- ' inet members and other high of ficials appear on the floor of con gress where they can be questioned by congressmen. Such a practice would make for much greater co operation between the executive and legislative departments, Baruch said. Present in addition to Biemillei and Kefauver were Representa tives Albert Gore and Percy Priest of Tennessee, John Sparkman of Al abama, Mike Mansfield of Montana, Henry Jackson of Washington, Jer ry Voorhis and Chet Holifleld of Cal ifornia, Bob Sikes of Florida, Mike Monroney of Oklahoma, Bob Ram speck of Georgia, and Jamie Whit ten and Arthur Winstead of Missis sippi. • • • CHURCHILL IN DEFEAT Winston Churchill recently told friends how he felt after his defeat ' in the British elections. The first few days after his defeat were ter rible, Churchill confessed. The very next morning he arose and fretted because there were no diplomatic ca bles to read. Through the war, his first morning chore was to read the top-secret military and diplomatic cables from all over the empire; and he paced up and down intermittent ly for days, fretting because there were no cables coming in and be cause, though he felt things were going wrong, there was no one to whom he could send cables to straighten things out. "Finally I went down to the south •of France,” Churchill confessed. "They treated me well there. I painted several pictures and they fed me some wonderful food. But still I couldn’t get over this idea of no cables coming in and no cables going out. Each morning I fretted when 1 read the papers. But finally one morning I felt better. It sud denly dawned on me that I wasn’t prime minister any more and it | wasn’t my worry, and I’ve felt bet ter ever since.” Note Churchill’s health is touch and go. His doctor has ordered him to cut down on his food and drinking. • ♦ * SENATE ELDER STATESMEN Here are the ages of the elder statesmen of the senate: Bankhead of Alabama, 73; George of Georgia, 67; Thomas of Idaho, 71; Willis of Indiana, 70; Capper of Kansas, 80; Reed of Kansas, 74; Barkley of Ken tucky, 68; White of Maine, 68; Walsh of Massachusetts, 73; Bilbo of Mis- ; sissippi, 68; Murray of Montana, 69; McCarran of Nevada. 69; Bailey of North Carolina, 72; Moore of Okla homa, 74; Green of Rhode Island, 78; Austin of Vermont, 68 and Mc- Kellar of Tennessee, 76. WEEKLY NEWS ANALYSIS Plan to Remove Food Subsidies ; Atom Bomb Figures in Allies' Postwar Diplomatic Movements Released by Western Newspaper Union. .., , (EDITOR’S NOTE: When opinions are expressed In three columns, (hey are those of Western Newspaper Union's newt analysts and not necessarily of this newspaper.) Wi I Hh!v" No longer capable of doing heavy labor, and sick, diseased and dis pirited, German prisoners of war released by Russians trek through Ber lin on their return to homes in the west. SUBSIDIES: Time Removals j Designed to hold down living costs during wartime, government subsi dies to food producers and proces j sors will be gradually removed to | lessen the impact on the civilian price structure, Stabilization Direc tor John C. Collet revealed. Tentative plans call for the aboli • tion of subsidies on vegetable short ening by December 1, 1945; cheese, not later than February 28, 1946, and the $1.30 rollback per 100 pounds on pork not later than March 31, 1946, with the remaining pork pay ment scheduled to go not later than June 30, 1946. In addition, subsi dies on canned and frozen vegeta bles, dry edible beans, prunes and raisins will be terminated at the close of the 1945 crop year, with dairy production, fluid milk, feeder cattle, beef, sheep and lambs and flour payments expected to be ended not later than June 30, 1946. j With the department of agricul ture estimating the cost of food sub sidies for the fiscal year ending next June 30 at $1,798,000,000, payments on slaughter of livestock are ex pected to total $535,400,000; dairy production, $534,000,000; flour, $190,- 000,000, and beef cattle, $40,000,000. LABOR-INDUSTRY: Discuss Bargaining j Backed by AFL Chieftain William Green and representatives of man agement, burly John L. Lewis of the ’ United Mine Workers ripped the CIO proposal to tie wages into the pres ent labor-industry conference in Washington, D. C., and demanded that talks be confined to establish ing machinery for settlement of dis putes. In spearheading the opposition to the CIO proposal based upon Presi dent Truman’s wage policy, Lewis asserted that the problem of pay should be left to collective bargain ing and not strait-jacketed by any formula based on cost of living. In granting employees increases and adjusting their price structure, em ployers will be governed by compe tition to assure reasonable costs, Lewis said. Even as the 36 labor and manage ment representatives pitched into their task, trouble brewed in the automobile and steel industries, with the CIO asking the government to intervene following collapse of nego tiations with General Motors and U. S. Steel corporation over wage in creases to maintain wartime take home pay. ARMY: Step Up Discharges Mostly European vets originally marked for redeployment to the Pa cific, 50-point enlisted men present ly home on furlough or on temporary duty in the U. S. have become eligible for discharge, the army re ported. At the same time, the army an nounced that no enlisted man with 21 or more months of service since September 16, 1940, will be sent overseas for permanent duty except for language specialists, regular army personnel and volunteers. Also exempt from overseas as signment are officers who have 33 or more months of service, or med ical officers with 30 months, except for those who have chosen to remain on active duty, are regular army men or are classed as scarce spe cialists. Nurses who are 30 years of age or have 12 points will not be sent overseas. GRAIN SUPPLIES: The bulk of the supplies of wheat available for export in 1945-46 is in North America, the department of agriculture reports. With exports from the United States currently 1 estimated at 300 to 325 million bush els, shipments from Canada may be about as large. Under favorable transportation, ’ marketing and handling conditions, ; somewhat larger exports would be possible from the United States though shipments from Argentina may fall short. THE HOME JOURNAL. PERRY. GEORGIA FOREIGN AFFAIRS: Atomic Talk The red-hot question of sharing the atomic bomb featured the recent diplomatic news as the U. S., Britain 11 ' and Russia contin- A ued their polite tug- p: ; | of-war for favorable K positions in the con- nft' j struction of the f postwar world. fjpifr''' (k Russia’s tough lit- <n tie F’oreign Minis- He JL jM ter Vyacheslav Mo- J|| lotov started the ball rolling in an Vyacheslav address on the eve Molotov of the 28th anniver sary of the Red revolution, declar ing that in this scientific age no such discovery as the atomic bomb could long remain a secret, and that eventually the Soviet would have it. Telling the world that possession of the atomic bomb should not be used as a diplomatic weapon in ob taining advantages, Molotov also said that its real effectiveness for preserving peace has yet to be tested. Indirectly answering Molotov in Britain’s house of commons, the equally tough Foreign Minister Er nest Bevin declared that it was entirely f proper for Britain, Canada and the U. S. to proceed slow- I ly on the question of sharing the atomic 4* 1 bomb in view of its tremendous poten j tialities. In finally HHHHHI determining the bomb’s disposition, Ernest Bevin he asserted, states men and not scien tists should make the final decision because of their closer acquaintance with political conditions. In addressing commons, Bevin rapped Russia hard, stating that Britain had met every territorial de mand of the Reds only to find them increasing their claims, particularly for control of North Africa and Eri trea on the British lifeline to the east. Meanwhile, Secretary of State Byrnes projected the U. S. into the international pic ture with the reve lation of this coun- Mmt'' try’s support of an ..-.'Jp Allied commission ll* to guarantee free j access to the Black or Mediterranean seas through the vi tal Dardanelles and Bosporus straits. « JHI and the release of Italy’s territorial Sec . Byrnes views. By calling for an Allied commis sion, Byrnes favored revision of the present Montreux agreement en trusting Turkey with control of the strategic straits, but countering the Russian demand for military bases along the vital waterways to assure free passage. In submitting its territorial views, Italy agreed to readjustment of its French and Yugoslavian boundaries and establishment of Allied bases in its former North African colonies, but asked for retention of certain Near Eastern possessions of econom ic value. All these diplomatic problems, plus consideration of the question of Jewish immigration in British con trolled Palestine were reportedly part of British Prime Minister Att lee’s scheduled discussions with President Truman. AID POLIO VICTIMS More than $1,000,000 in epi demic aid has been disbursed by the National Foundation for In fantile Paralysis so far this year, with more than three fourths going to Illinois, No. Car olina, New York and Virginia. Principal expenses of National Foundation chapters include hospitalization and transporta tion of patients, purchases of special equipment and salaries of doctors, nurses and other pro fessional personnel. CHINA: Battle On Full-scale civil war loomed In China as negotiations between com munists and nationalists bogged and | the Reds took to the offense in an effort to prevent Chiang Kai-shek’s forces from infiltrating into their northern strongholds. | As a result of the outbreak of hos tilities, the U. S. decided to with draw American troops from the scenes of combat, the Yanks having been used to aid nationalists in tak ing over former Jap-held territory. Removal of U. S. units did not sig nify any reversal of policy in sup porting Chiang, however, with re ports that the administration would continue to offer him material aid. j Thus did the threat of civil war, following close upon V-J Day, damp en long-suffering China’s hopes for a period of peace and tranquility in | which to unify the nation politically jand lay the foundation for economic development and modernization. FINLAND: Try Leaders Charged with refusal to mediate differences with Russia and prose cuting war on the side of the Axis instead, eight prominent Finnish leaders were arrested by the new | government and scheduled for early trial in the people’s court. In the unprecedented movement of j a country to punish former leaders for their official acts, Vaino Tanner, dominant Finnish politico of 1941, was accused of failing to take ad vantage of a U. S.-British offer to mediate with Russia that year. Tanner again was named for fail ure to accept a U. S. proposition to conciliate Finnish-Russian differ ences in 1943 along with former President Risto Ryti, Foreign Min ister Henrik Ramsay, Prime Min ister Edwin Linkomies, Gen. Rudolf Walden, and Finance Minister Tyo ko Reinikka. POLITICS: No Trend Continued Democratic domination of the big cities and Republican in roads in small municipalities marked the recent election results and offered little clue to a political trend prior to the all-important con gressional elections in 1946. Most significant feature of the bal loting was the ClO’s failure again to capture the mayoralty in Detroit, Mich., motor car center of the U. S. and United Automobile Workers stronghold. Calling upon the unor ganized residents of the city to rally for an impartial rather than a labor dominated administration, Mayor Jeffries won re-election over CIO Candidate Frankensteen by a com fortable margin. Maintaining their dominance over the big municipalities, the Demo crats handily won the mayoralties of New York, Boston, Pittsburgh and Cleveland, while Republicans won back Buffalo, N. Y., and New Haven, Conn., after more than a doz en years. Sets Air Speed Record Exciting possibilities for speedy post war air travel were opened with the record breaking performance of Britain’s jet-pow ered Gloster Meteor piloted by Capt. H. J. Wilson. Smashing the former official mark of 481.84 miles per hour set by Capt. Fritz Wendel of the German air force in 1939, Wilson averaged 606 miles per hour in four runs over a 1.86-mile course at Herne Day, England. At Wilson’s rate of speed, excited statis ticians figured that a plane couU travel non stop around the world in 41 hours ; from Los Angeles, Calif., to New York City in 3 hours and 59 minutes; from Chicago, 111., to Panama in 3 hours and 49 minutes, and from Chicago to Mexico City in 2 hours and 46 minutes. NAZI SPY: Tipped Off FBI Asserting that his only intention in accompanying saboteurs to the U. S. in 1942 was to get out of Germany, a Nazi spy disclosed the whole en emy plot for damaging U. S. plants and facilities and terrorizing civil ians to the FBI, leading to the early roundup of the entire clique landed t by submarine. Let off with 30 years imprisonment for his disclosure and testimony at j the trial resulting in the execution : of six of the saboteurs and a life sentence for another, the spy, George Dasch, named the other conspira tors and furnished information s which enabled the G-men to cover 1 their movements and track them down in New York and Chicago, 111. ! In detailing the saboteurs’ mis sion, Dasch told the FBI that the TV A was marked for destruction j along with important industrial j plants, the Hell Gate bridge in New York City, Ohio river locks, and im portant railroad trackage. In addi tion, the saboteurs planned to ter rorize civilians by planting time bombs in depot lockers and crowded stores. FIBER SOURCE: Never grown in the western hemi- j sphere before Pearl Harbor except | experimentally, abaca—from which Manila rope is made—is now being produced in quantity on five planta- ' tions of 27,500 acres in four Central American republics and Panama, the state department disclosed. Western hemisphere production of abaca, which was obtained largely from the. Philippines before the war. may aggregate 25 million I pounds this year and from 45 to 50 million pounds in 1946. See Internal Crisis |K| 1 Affecting Russ Policies Report Army Looms as New Power as Factions Clash Over Broad Participation in Postwar World Affairs. By BAUKHAGE News Analyst and Commentator, WNU Service, 1616 Eye Street, N.W., Washington, D. C. What’s happening inside Russia? Where there’s smoke, there’s fire. Vehement denials of the death of Marshal Stalin were followed final ly by admission that the man who had more power than any czar could I boast of was weary. That he was well, but that he was shedding some of his responsibilities. It is interesting to note the reac tion in this country. The wishful thinking of those who first an j nounced the death rumor over the j air and in print was not reflected in official Washington. The very day before the first story appeared a high government ( official expressed the opinion in my hearing that the hope for understanding be tween the United States and Russia depended largely on Stalin. This was after the long series of disagree ments beginning with the breakup of the Foreign Ministers’ meeting in London, the refusal of Russia to take active part in the United Nations Food organization meeting in Que bec, the objections to various moves made by the members of the United Nations Executive Council. Every where “Russia objects” seemed to be the one answer which Russia’s representatives had to offer to the suggestions made by the American and other governments. When the real history of the in ternational conferences, beginning with the Moscow conference which Secretary of State Hull attended, through Yalta and Potsdam, is writ ten, I think it can be shown that Stalin, frequently against the advice of his councillors, was the one who broke the deadlocks and proposed or accepted compromises which were made necessary by his own col leagues’ stubbornness. It will be recalled that when the invitations to the meeting at San Francisco went out it was announced that Russia would not send her for eign minister as head of the delega tion, but would leave that post to Ambassador Gromyko in Washing ton. This made a bad impression, for it looked as if Stalin were damn ing the affair with faint support. However, after the American news papers sounded off gn the subject, Stalin had a change of heart—Or per haps the death of Roosevelt, which occurred in the interim, affected his course. Molotov was duly assigned to the job. Molotov proved no simple prim rose and more than once, it is re ported, Stalin’s intervention had to be sought to grease the wheels. There was another occasion—just which one is not revealed—when the work was completely stymied and finally the President made a direct appeal to Stalin to accept the sug gestions of the majority on a point that appeared to have hopelessly deadlocked the meeting. This time, against the counsel of his advisors, who were holding out, Stalin put his O.K. on the request. Isolationists Bloc Grows There is reason to believe that this “no vote” attitude of a number of the Soviet leaders who opposed what many have considered too deep entanglement in international affairs, which has been in evidence for a long time, finally wrecked the Foreign Ministers’ conference. As early as the time of the San Francisco meeting there were hints of a growing “isolationist” opposi : tion inside Russia. Word reached certain members of the conference ! by a roundabout way, but from a | thoroughly reliable source, concern ing the status of former Foreign Minister Litvinov, Russia’s crack | diplomat, who negotiated the re sumption of relations with the Unit ed States after the long hiatus fol , lowing World War I. At one time it was reported that Litvinov had been purged. This was not so. But what had happened was that the “Russia objects” element had managed to shelve him because of his more lib eral views. This apparently was the beginning of what many called a “palace revo lution,” and which some people be lieve is now flaring up into full flame. The story of the events which led up to the Litvinov affair has never i been confirmed, but it is reasonable BARBS . . , 6y BouHoge The Salvation army gave service to 225,000,000 servicemen during the war in their clubs, hostels and mo bile units. But I’ll bet they didn’t surpass those doughnuts they served us in World War I. * * « Two hundred and seventy million dollars worth of highway projects, frozen during the war, are now start ing to assume that it is true. In brief, there was a split in the all-powerful “Polit-Bureau” of the Soviets. The Political Bureau is a small body chosen from the central committee of the Communist party, which is the government’s policy-forming entity. This body is composed of powerful Soviet leaders and it exerts a great deal of influence. According to the reports touching on Litvinov’s position, the Polit-Bu reau was sharply divided into “isola tionists” and those who looked upon the of the world with a less jaundiced view. At that time Stalin was said to be walking a tight-rope between the two and choosing care fully toward which side he would lean. Litvinov, who believed that Russia could not live by herself and who had always encouraged a sym pathetic attitude toward the outside world, had been completely shelved for his ideas. Little more was heard of these rumblings until after the end of the war, when the Red army became the symbol of Russian salvation. Then it appeared that the isolation ist Russia, the big-army Russia, the Russia which wouldn’t take anything off anybody, had a new and power ful backer—the officers (and per haps some of the rank and file as well) of the Red army. In any case, we know that the high officers of the army received all sorts of perquisites, rewards and privileges, which only the highest of the high receive. Red Army Strong Factor The assumption on the part of some observers is that with the as cendancy of the Red army element, not only the isolationists, but the Communist party as a whole, lost influence. There has always been jealousy between the two, though, of course, their membership overlaps in many cases. You will recall that at the beginning of the war civilian commissars were attached to army units and they censored all orders issued by the officers. This proved to be not only highly unpopular with the military, but also impracti cal. The civilian commissars were then withdrawn and only those with military training were appointed. Their authority, in effect at least, became merged with that of the military. j- Now the high army officers are recognized as occupying virtually the same plane as the high party officials. Just where Stalin stands as a re sult of this change in the fabric of Russian national policy it is impos sible to say. It has been rumored that he has relinquished his function as commander-in-chief. It has also been rumored that he is ready to drop out of the picture completely and choose a successor. In that con nection it was hinted that General Zhukov, Russia’s Eisenhower, was afflicted with a “diplomatic illness’*, when he suddenly gave up u widely advertised trip to the United States* which it was said he had looked for ward to with considerable zest. This might have been a signal that Russia was drawing further within herself. Some believe that it indicated that Zhukov was the chosen successor of Stalin and that, until a new regime was firmly established, the Soviets would maintain a negative policy in foreign relations. ln any case, it is clear that^the Russia objects” policy was inaugu rated for some reason and naturally, since in the past Stalin had always been the one who was able to play ball with the Allies, at least to the point where progress seemed to be made toward working agreements, Washington is by no means anxious to see him fade from the picture. Meanwhile, the one hopeful view which is being taken of the Russian situation is that it may be that there is some kind of a change taking place within Russia and that the present policy of stalling means nothing worse than a necessary marking time on the part of the So viet leaders until the outcome is settled. And then there is always anotnet reason which pops up as an explana tion of almost anything these days— the atomic bomb. The air transport command re cently took 24 queen bees from America to France. This is a record for transporting royalty. • ♦ * Is the sun burning up your crops? There are plenty of surplus bomb ers no good for anything else which could fly in formations and squirt out enough water to make clouds— we’re told.