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I — WEEKLY NEWS ANALYSIS
Ample Food Supply Forecast;
U.S. War Dead Over 308,000;
Protest Russ Use of U.N. Veto
1 Released by Western Newspaper Union. ”
(EDITOR’S NOTE: When opinions are expressed In these columns, they are those of
Western Newspaper Union’s news analysts and not necessarily of this newspaper.)
In midst of battered ruins of Munich, symbolic of shattered dreams
of Naziism, former bund leader, Fritz Kuhn, walks streets in search of
job. Deported to Reich after the war, Kuhn has settled with his fam
ily in the Bavarian birthplace of national socialism.
FOOD:
Production Outlook
Though the peak in famine ship
ments will be reached within the
next month, export requirements
throughout the next year will re
main large because of small carry
overs in foreign countries, the de
partment of agriculture reported.
At the same time, the department
stated that domestic supplies should
■remain at high levels, though less
meat will be available and grain
conservation will be required to
spread stocks for U. S. and foreign
use.
• Approximately 21 billion pounds
of meat will be produced, assuring,
consumers of a per capita consump
tion of from 135 to 140 pounds, some
10 pounds below this year's aver
age but above the prewar figure.
Despite an expected 4 to 8 per
cent drop in egg production and ah
8 to 12 per cent decline in poultry,
supplies should fill both domestic
foreign demands.
Continued high production will as
sure civilians of about the same
percentage of dairy products dur
ing the next six months while gov
ernment demands for foreign relief
shipments of cheese, canned milk
and dried milk will largely be met.
Supplies of processed foods and
vegetables during the next 12
months should equal or exceed
those of the last year but dried
fruits may be scarcer.
The continued shortage of fats and
oils will persist and domestic con
sumption probably will be limited
to the 1945-’46 level.
CPA:
Goods Flow
Settlement of the status of OPA
was expected to result in a flow of
farm commodities and manufac
tured goods to the nation’s markets
to relieve the huge pent-up postwar
demand.
Heavy shipments of hogs and
rattle were anticipated by the
department of agriculture, which
even predicted a temporary
meat glut. Because of govern
ment price supports, however,
farmers were assured of near
ceiling returns.
Increased quantities of manufac
tured goods were also expected, with
many producers releasing large
stocks previously held back for final
settlement of OPA pricing policies.
Cessation of an 8 hour and 20
minute filibuster by Senator
O’Daniel (Dem„ Tex.) paved the
way for final congressional con
sideration of the house-senate
measure extending OPA for an
other year but providing flexible
controls to assure producers and
distributors of adequate profit
margins.
Food pricing authority would be
transferred from OPA to the depart
ment of agriculture, with the latter
directed to maintain control only on
items in short supply. All subsidies
except on copper, lead, zinc and
sugar would be terminated April 1,
1947, with government payments cut
to one billion dollars for the period.
CASUALTIES:
Complete Report
While New York with 31,215 killed
suffered the largest number of
army casualties during World War
11, New Mexico showed the high-
UNCLAIMED FUNDS:
To States
Large sums of money are turned
over to state treasurers annually be
cause persons have failed to claim
funds due them, the Council of State
Governments reports.
In New York last year, more than
$200,000 in pari-mutuel winnings un
claimed by bettors was turned over
to the state. Unclaimed race win
nings in Illinois go into a veterans’
rehabilitation fund.
est fatality rate of 4.77 per cent,
the first complete casualty report
released by the war department re
vealed.
Dating from May 27, 1941, to
, January 31, 1946, records listed a
total of 308,978 dead and missing
out of more than 10,000,000 men and
women mobilized for an over-all fa
tality rate of 2.98 per cent.
Having contributed the largest
number of personnel, the more pop
i ulous states suffered the greatest
losses, Pennsylvania following New
York with 26,554 killed and Illinois
close behind with 18,601; California,
17,022; Ohio, 16,827 and Texas, 15,-
764.
■, Heavy losses inflicted on a nation
al guard unit in the Philippines
early in the war contributed to New
Mexico’s high fatality rate. With
2.20 per cent, Maryland had the low
est rate.
FOREMEN:
Unionization Rucked
Brought to a head by John L. Lew
is’ determination to organize super
visory employees in the coal mines,
the struggle between industry and
labor over unionization of fore
men wound up in federal court
with the Jones and Laughlin Steel
corporation fighting the move.
The corporation’s legal action was
intended to block government ad
ministrators of its four mines in
western Pennsylvania from negoti
ating an agreement with Lewis’
United Clerical, Technical and Su
pervisory Employees of District 50
of the United Mine Workers. Al
though excluded from the UMW it
self, some 135 foremen were de
clared eligible for membership in
the UMW’s branch by the National
Labor Relations board.
Behind the employers’ fight
against unionization of foremen is
its contention that supervisory per
sonnel function as a part of man
agement rather than as workmen
and their attachment to a labor or
ganization would result in the latter
influencing employment policy.
U.N.:
Veto Issue
Russian application of the veto
power three times during one ses
sion of the United Nations security
council added to the growing con
, cern expressed over this privilege
j reserved for the Big Five in the
I U.N.’s postwar proceedings.
In employing the veto three times,
Russian delegate Gromyko not only
rejected a majority proposal permit
ting the U.N. assembly of 51 nations
to discuss the question of diplomat
ic relations with Spain, but also
turned thumbs down on a decision
determining when he could use the
special power.
As in previous cases when Gro
myko had applied the veto, Russia
was outvoted on the question at
. hand, receiving support mainly
’ from its puppet Polish government.
. No less than 7 of the 11 security
, council members, including the U.
. S. and Britain, opposed the Reds.
1 Australian delegate Evatt ex
pressed the strongest resentment
. against the Reds’ free use of the
veto in scotching U. N. action inim
ical to Russian diplomatic interests.
Particularly reflecting the pique of
small nations to the big powers’ veto
privileges, he snorted; “If we per
-1 mit these methods and tactics then
E we will have no right to exist as a
■ council. We are losing dignity and
self-respect.”
Suggests Atomic Money
Atomic energy development may
1 lead to a new and more stable mon
etary system based on uranium in
-1 stead of gold. Professor Farrington
Daniels of Chicago suggested.
Professor Daniels explained
i that a given quantity of uranium
or its by-product is equivalent to
a definite number of kilowatt
hours of energy having a poten
tial value comparatively free
from price fluctuations.
THE HOUSTON HOME JOURNAL, PERRY, GEORGIA
NEW NATIONAL ANTHEM
WASHINGTON.—Gen. Joseph P.
McNarney, who is doing a better
Job as commander of occupied Ger
many than most people think, likes
to sing. And when he comes up to
Berlin for his regular visits with
the other Allied commanders, he
always engages in a song fest with
the Russians.
As a result, the Russians have
adopted a new song which they
virtually regard as the Ameri
can national anthem. They sing
it on any and all occasions.
They think it brings pride and
pleasure to the hearts of Amer
icans; and the Red army in
Berlin, at least, is anxious to
please Americans.
Actually the song may bring
great! pride and pleasure to General
McNarney, but other Americans
privately are getting a bit weary of
it. The Russians have learned the
English words, and to the tune of
“The Stars and Stripes Forever,”
here is what they sing as the new
American national anthem:
“Three cheers for the Sam Jones
Junior high school,
The best junior high in Toledo.”
The fact that they have learned
the words illustrates a point which
some of our top-bracket statesmen
don’t always realize—namely, de
spite our difficulties with the Soviet
government, we have no quarrel
with the Russian people. Not much
has been said about it, but relations
between the American and Soviet
armies in Berlin have been extraor
dinarily good. At first, the Russians
were suspicious, didn’t want any
fraternization of their troops with
ours. But that suspicion has large
ly disappeared. The Red army is
a large, unwieldy, badly disciplined,
very human cross section of the
Russian people, and that part of the
Red army which is in Berlin likes
Americans,
PRUSSIAN JUNKERS
Robert Murphy, political adviser
to General McNarney in Berlin, has
secretly sent a bitter complaint to
the state department because the
Russians have redistributed the es
tates of the Prussian Junkers in
the Soviet zone of Germany. The
Russians have broken up some 10,-
000 large estates among about 275,-
000 peasants. Despite the fact that
the Potsdam agreement specifical
ly called for breaking up large es
tates, Murphy has warned Wash
ington that this land reform in the
Russian zone is endangering the
western type of democracy we want.
WE DIDN’T DEFEAT JAPAN
Most people won’t believe it, but
in Czechoslovakia, a country not un
friendly to the U. S. A., the people
have no idea that the United States
had anything to do with defeating
Japan. They think it was Russia
that did it all.
Reason is that the Russian
radio and propaganda machine
has done a skillful job of propa
gandizing the Czechoslovak peo
ple, while we have done abso
lutely nothing to counteract it.
Reason we haven’t told our side
of the story is that congress has
hamstrung the state department on
shortwave broadcasting. The house
appropriations committee cut the
heart out of the state department’s
appropriation for propaganda, espe
cially radio broadcasting.
• * *
MAILMAN SULLIVAN
Too little attention is paid in this
politics-ridden capital to the quiet,
unassuming officials who consistent
ly do a bang-up job.
One of them is Assistant Post
master General Gael Sullivan.
Coming from Chicago and trained
under Mayor Ed Kelly, Sullivan at
first looked like a pure political ap
pointee. In six months, however,
he has become one of the most ef
fective members of the little cabi
net.
CAPITAL CHAFF
Both the Chinese Nationalists and
the Chinese Communists are burst
ing to learn what’s in the script for
“The Life of Dr. Sun-Yat-Sen,” a
new movie to be made by Producer
Lester Cowan. Perhaps General
Marshall could use oriental curios
ity to persuade both sides to get
together. . . . Assistant Secretary of
the Navy John Kenny is the latest
to knife President Truman’s atomic
control policy. Kenny testified on
Capital Hill that he was personally
in favor of giving the military great
er control over atomic energy—
which was directly contrary to his
commander-in-chief. . . , British
Tories are urging ex-Prime Minis
ter Winston Churchill to resign as
Tory leader of commons and devote
himself solely to writing his mem
oirs. They seem to feel he can be
more useful in private life.
♦ • *
MERRY GO ROUND
It got little publicity, but Presi
dent Truman pulled an A-l man out
of the navy when he made Comdr.
Jim Reynolds a member of the Na
tional Labor Relations board. Rey
nolds is brother of famed War Cor
respondent Quentin Reynolds, has
been doing a good job handling the
navy’s labor relations. . . . Harold
Ickes had his first censorship dif
ficulties when the Washington Star
didn’t like what he wrote about Sen
-1 ator McCarran of Nevada, and
omitted that particular column.
DIRECT FROM BIKINI:
An Eye Witness Account
()l \Grn l i r 1 H » I n
Damage from the atomic bomb test blast is shown here as the
light carrier USS Independence is pictured burning shortly after
bomb explosion.
By WALTER A. SHEAD
WNU Washington Correspondent.
ABOARD USS APPALACHIAN,
OPERATIONS CROSSROADS.—
From a military standpoint the ex
plosion of the fourth atomic bomb
was a huge success but as a spec
tacle worth traveling 8,000 miles to
see it did not live up to its advance
billing. From the standpoint of ef
ficiency and precision the plutonium
bomb was dropped squarely in the
target area. The advance weather
predictions held true. It was
dropped on time to the second. The
air drones were sent through the
cloud area and shepherded back by
their mother ships. The boat drones
were sent into the area of radio
activity and brought back via radio
control. The cameras clicked and
the instruments built especially to
measure the results of the blast
worked.
But to those of us here aboard
the Appalachian, who had been ori
entated and lectured day after day
for the past two weeks, who had
interviewed scientists and scien
tific writers, the bomb burst and
the atomic cloud were a disappoint
ment.
The recapitulation of the damage
showed the troop transports Giliom
and Carlisle sunk; the destroyer
Lampson capsized; heavy damage
was done to the submarine Skate,
the light cruiser Pensacola, the car
rier Independence, the Jap cruiser
Sakawa, and the German pocket
battleship Prinz Eugen. Light to
negligible damage was caused on
the Jap battleship Nagata, the bat
tleship Nevada, the oiler No. 160
and LCM No. 1, Small fires were
started and later extinguished on
the destroyer Wilson, the Pensacola,
the transport Briscoe, the Nevada,
the carrier Saratoga and transports
Niagara, Bladen, Banta, Butte,
Cortland, Bracken and Faun and
the battleship New York. Heaviest
damage was caused on the Inde
pendence and the fire which burst
into flames on her stern was more
dramatic to watch than the bomb
burst insofar as this writer was con
cerned.
Because the atomic cloud did not
reach the heights achieved in previ
ous drops was not considered as
reflection upon the efficiency of the
bomb. Reasons for the relatively
low cloud given were that water ab
sorbed much of the heat energy and
the difference in atmospheric struc
ture caused a slower rise.
It may be that those of us who
stood along the starboard rail of
the Appalachian were expecting too
much. We had been led to be
lieve from many sources to expect
drama and adventure and excite
ment. Let me assure you there
was no drama and certainly no ex
citement. I confess that as I pulled
the polarized plastic goggles over
my eyes as we heard the signal
“bomb away” I did feel excited
and tense as I awaited the blast.
It came as I saw it, well above
the horizon, a huge orange ball.
It might have been a fireworks
display on the Fourth of July, al
though not near so dazzling. I
watched the cloud appearing like
nothing more than a huge cherry
ice cream soda. Cream white on
the surface but deep inside the
hues were pink and rose, and it
boiled and seethed up through a
cumulous natural cloud which hid
it from our view. I felt a slight “pft”
in my ears but felt no heat blast.
Seconds later the sound of detona
tion came like a distant peal or
roll of thunder that’s all, but then
we were 18 miles away.
Ten minutes after the blast the
cloud had mushroomed up to a
height of 26,000 feet and was ap
proximately 12,000 feet across the
Precision Marked Operations Crossroads
By PAUL FELTUS
When “Dave’s Dream” took to
the dawn sky on Kwajalein Atoll,
the long-planned and vast machin
ery of the Army Air Forces role
in Operations Crossroads began to
move with the precision of a great
war mission.
The operation had been planned,
but this time there was a new
thrill of anticipation for they were
dealing with the force of atomic
top. The trade winds soon broke it up
and it was pushed westward where it
gradually leveled off and dispersed
as our ship steamed slowly along
the seaward side of Bikini island.
We could see the ghost fleet in
the lagoon through our binoculars.
Fire amidship showed on the Sara
toga. The Salt Lake City was
ablaze. There appeared to be a
small fire aboard the Nevada. These
fires made a smoke haze over the
lagoon, but it soon cleared away and
as I look toward the lagoon now
there is little indication of a fire
anywhere.
We are changing course now, fol
lowing the Mt. McKinley, Admiral
Blandy’s flagship, apparently with
the intention of entering the lagoon.
Television receiving sets in the
ward room of the Appalachian reg
istered the blast from cameras in
stalled on the island, .then they went
out of commission.
The carrier Independence likely
suffered more damage than any oth
er capital ship to its superstruc
ture and all planes which were atop
its flight deck were carried away.
There was superficial or superstruc
ture damage to other ships of the
73 in the target fleet but to me the
pathos of the thing was emphasized
when I saw the sturdy masts of the
old Nevada brilliant in its orange
paint, standing there still staunch
and true despite the atomic bomb.
There was no wind, no waves and
no thunderstorm. No trees were
damaged on the island. There was
no tidal wave and no earthquake.
In fairness there was no prediction
from the navy or army officials that
any of these things might happen.
The navy frankly said they didn’t
know what would happen. These
wild predictions were made by sci
entists or scientific writers. Also,
in all fairness to the officers of joint
task force No. 1 the bomb, which
looked so small to the lay writers,
may actually have been big.
Scientifically of course there can
be no adequate judgment of the re
sults until the instruments have
been read, the damage on the va
rious ships actually determined and
measured. In the light of the ob
jectives, the navy and the army had
in mind the actual effect of the
bomb on naval construction, navy
and army material, armament, ord
nance and other equipment.
Admiral Blandy, commander of
< the task force, issued a statement
, in which he said he was highly
pleased with the whole operation;
with the bomb drop and with the ef
ficiency of the bomb. There are sev
eral aboard the ship who saw the
Nagasaki bomb drop and the drop
at Los Alamos, N. M. They de
. dared this bomb appeared to be
[ smaller, judging from the flash and
[ the atomic cloud which in the case
of Nagasaki soared to a height of
, about 55,000 feet.
There is no doubt that the force of
; this terrible energy is like nothing
. ever known on earth before but
[ the distances out here are so great
: that the energy was dispersed and
r dissipated over a vast area. For
i instance, at Nagasaki the area of
; total bomb damage was in six
t square miles, or an area of about a
i mile and a half radius while the
} distance of the Nevada from the
’ shore of Bikini lagoon was about
. three miles. And the lagoon itself is
- 10 miles across and 25 miles long,
r It must also be remembered that
i as this story is written for trans
mission in time to get it to you
; there has been no actual assessment
i of the real damage. There may be
- more as we enter the lagoon and can
; visually assay the damage.
energy.
The schedule for every one of the
hundreds of planes and ships had
been timed to the second. Every
body knew just what to do as the
command plane headed for the tar
get area of Bikini lagoon.
The vast network of communica
tions was set in motion. The weath
er man had said, “This is the day,”
and General Ramey had said, “Let’s
Go.” Then the planes began to
roll.
J «IMPROVE D ~W^'^,
UNIFORM INTERNATIONAL
SUNDAY I
chool Lesson
By HAROLD L. LUNDQUIST, D. D
Of The Moody Bible Institute of Chicago
Released by Western Newspaper Union.’
Lesson for July 14
Lesson subjects and Scripture texts se.
lected and copyrighted by Internationa)
Council of Religious Education; used by
permission.
JESUS AND SUPREME
LOYALTY TO GOD
LESSON TEXT—Exodus 20:3-6; Joshua
24:16, 22-24; Luke 14:25-27.
MEMORY SELECTION—No man can
serve two masters: for either he will hate
the one, and love the other; or else he will
hold to the one, and despise the other. Ye
cannot serve God and mammon.—Matthew
6:24.
The first three commandments
bring man into the presence of
God, where he is taught how to
worship God in spirit and in truth.
“The first commandment (Exod.
20:3) bids us worship God exclu
sively; the second (vv. 4-6) bids us
worship him spiritually. The first
commandment forbids us to wor
ship false gods; the second forbids
us to worship the true God under ,
false forms” (Farrar).
We shall lose much of the value
of our lesson if we confine the ap
plication of it to Israel. We miss
the point if we think only of the
gods of wood and stone which the
heathen worship and fail to apply
the truth to any and all idol wor
ship of our day.
The loyalty to God of which our
lesson text teaches may be sum
marized in four words. It is a loy
alty of
I. Purpose (Exod. 20:3).
Jehovah means, “I will be what
I will be,” or “I am that I am,”
(Exod. 3:14). His very name de
clares God to be the self-existeht,
eternal one. How infinitely gracious
then is the use of the word “thy”
in Exodus 10:2! He—the great I
AM—is my God, a personal God.
It must be our constant purpose to
worship him only.
There are many things concern
ing which we do not speak dogmat
ically. There are even Christian
doctrines about which spiritual and
earnest men may honestly differ,
but regarding God we say with ab
solute assurance and complete ex
clusiveness—there is but one true
God. If he is what he claims to be,
if God is not to be declared to be
a liar, then it is beyond the realm
of possibility that there could be
any other God.
Hear it, men and women of Amer- »
ica who in an enlightened land and
age bow down in heathenish wor
ship “before the god of gold, the
god of self, the god of wine, the
god of success, the god of fame, ♦
the goddess of pleasure, the god of
licentiousness.” The one true God
says, “I am Jehovah. . . . Thou shalt
have no other gods before me.”
11. Performance (Exod. 20:4-6).
What is in the heart must show
in the life. The second command
ment calls for the undivided devo
tion and worship of man. It
expressly forbids idolatry in any
form. The injunction is twofold. (1)
Men are forbidden to make any
material likeness which to them
represents a being to be worshiped.
It matters not whether it be an
image of what men believe God to
be like, or the image of an angelic
being, a heavenly body, in fact,
“anything that is in the heaven
above,” or on the earth, such as a
man or animal; or under the wa
ter, such as a fish. (2) If such ob
jects have been made either by our
selves or others we may not bow
down to them, nor render any serv
ice to them. Let us all examine our
religious ceremonies and practices
in the light of God’s commandment.
Observe that obedience to this
command brings rich blessing to
“thousands” (v. 6), whereas dis
obedience is a curse not only to the
man who disobeys, but also to his
descendants.
HI. Promise (Josh. 24:16, 22-24).
Before the aged leader of Israel
came to the close of his life he»
called leaders of the people, whom
he had led in the taking of the
Promised Land, and urged them to
continue in the way of faith and loy
alty to God.
TTiey promised rather readily, bu
he made clear to them that God
was not interested in lip service
They were to prove their promise
by putting away all strange god:
This they agreed to do. Wherein
they failed, they suffered defea
and wherein they kept their prom
ise, God blessed them. We may
learn from their experience.
IV. Practice (Luke 14:25-27).
It is not always necessary to
choose between our natural affec
tions for those near to us and our
loyalty to Christ, but if the time
comes for that decision, Christ must
come first without question and
without hesitation (cf. Matt. 10:37).
The word “hate” (v. 26) does not
carry with it any thought of malice
or personal dislike. We know from
other scriptures that we are to hon
or our father and our mother
(Exod. 20:12). The one who fails
his own is declared to be worse than
an infidel (I Tim. 5:8).
The point is that no personal loy
alty or responsibility is to stand in
the way of our devotion to Christ.
Our own lives must be counted as
a glad sacrifice to him as we take
up our cross—in the crucifixion '$
self-will and devotion to his will
1 (see Gal. 2:20; 6:14),
