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VOLUME IX. GAINESVILLE. GA., SATURDAY, OCTOBER 9. 1897 . NUMBER as. BRING SHORT CROP IS NOW SURE Commissioner Nesbitt Talks of Cotton Conditions. PRICES ARE UNUSUALLY POOR Despite tlie l'r«b .b.iity «>f a Strong- De mand, the Staple Is liringing a Cent Dess Thau at the Same Time Last Year. Importance of saving: First Pickings lie- fore Equinoctial Storms Set In. Department of Agriculture, Atlanta, Oct. i, 1897. cotton. The cotton crop, which a few weeks jo promised to be the largest ever l grown, has suffered a severe backset, lotwithstauuing this indisputable con- lition, as well as the fact that the world’s surplus from the past season is rery small, both indicating the proba bility of a strong demand, prices have opened very low, ruling at least a cent less than at the same period last year. The large surplus of manufactured goods on baud will partly, but 110c en tirely, aocouut for this anomalous con dition of the cotton market. It is cor- taiu that a large supply of cotton will be necessary to meet current demands. It is also certain that the crop will fail short of our August expectations, but it is always a risky business for a farmer to speculate on his cotton crop. In an experience of over 30 years we have found that, generally speaking, it pays better to sell the crop as it is gathered. Loss of weight, and if stored, insur ance, storage, etc., run up the ex pause account very rapidly, and often, as was the case last year, ;though there maybe every reasonable jirobability of higher prices, the farmer [is, in the end, disappointed. The truth Is no advice can be given wnich will suit all cases. A man’s own judgment, lis obligation, his peculiar environment ind financial condition must all exer cise a deciding influence as to when lud at what price he can afford to selL matter of far greater importance just low, and one which he has almost uu- ler his entire control, is to save the irst pickings in nice, clean condition ^before the equinoctial storms damage it f beyond remedy. The earliest, picked r cotton usually sells the best, aud it is [ folly to leave it in the field to waste \ from the bolls, or to beoome stained and I spoiled by rain and wind, if handled [carefully and neatly from the time it is f * ticked from the bolls until it is safely anded at the nearest shipping station, : we will hear leas complaint of the i wretched condition in which American [ ootton reaches the markets of the world. CORN. The general corn crop will also be un- donbtedly shorter than that of last year, [which, it will be remembered, was the rgest ever grown. Corn is now ad vancing and prices will, in all probabil ity, be steady, which is a strong addi tional reason for seeding a full area of fall oats, aud also for saving every part if the corn crop. It has been often Btated in these columns, and in many ither agricultural publications, that a rery large part of the corn crop is actu- lly thrown away by our usual method of allowing the stalks to rot in the lelds. We have been gratified by tne lumber of letters of inquiry on this sub act whioh have been received by the lepartment. All over Georgia attention concentmting more or less on this lportant matter. Iu my own couuty know of two shredding machines re- antiy purchased, one by au individual the other by a combination of farm- Their reports can but be favorable, id another year we hope to see the en- product of our Georgia corn fields iccessfully housed for winter feed. It i probable that corn will maintaiu a jher price the coming year than has led the past season, aud this may in- bee some of our farmers to plan for a rger area in corn. A better policy, jwever, would be to put in a heavy op of FALL OATa the more northern sections of the ite progressive farmers have already led down the area intended for this op. but in" southern Georgia there is 11 sufficient time to add to the nnm- of acres originally intended for oats. Bre is no better stock food than clean, 11 developed oats, aud the fall sow- has this advantage, that the crop by be taken off in the spring, and a of peas or late corn planted and Mured on the same laud, thns real- ig two crops instead of on.e from the 16 area. To get the best returns from Eoat crop, the land should be thor- jjhly prepared aud fertilized and a eral early seeding secured, that the ' its may be well set before cold ither checks their rapid growth. A er plan than increasing the area be to increase the productive ca tty of the land by thorough prepara- : and high fertilization. WHEAT. ietober is usually the great wheat ring month, exoept in the far south, ire most of the wheat " is sown November. If we could regulate this ar accurately we should pefer to Just long enough before frost to get rheat well started, otherwise there Br tint the dreaded fly may de- lie stand. The high price of it may tempt some farmers to plant 1 largely than usual, but we think a mistaken policy, because our are not especially suited to wheat lmost without exception, will pro* . better paying crop of - oats, even > high prospective price of wheat. Blayed and then hurried, and eon*, itly careless preparation and seed- rhich so often causes both ttfhse to be disappointing. Although Bar's crops are not yet all gath* re may now regard our farming ions for another year as well Wheat* oats aud other fall j and grasses, though seeded now,, essentially to another year, and 1 included in our plans aud esti- for ’88. BEFORE COLD WEATHER. 1 cold weather sets in, examine d barns and put' in all needed A small leak unheeded now a damaging, even a de agent af ter the crops are a our mild climate the need ° “ Dot 8 0 impor- l lati . ttlde8 . where the i northern winter make it im* farm animals be oare- nom the cold weather. Bnt even here we have some cold days in every winter, and the careful farmer will see that his animals are not exposed, to cold draughts or biting winds. Nail on all loose boards and get everything abont the farm in neat and convenient order for the winter months. The living house, outbuild ings. fences, ditches, terraces, all usu ally need a few touches. It is particu larly important on all laud sown in grain that arrangements are made for rarryiug off all surplns water. Noth ing is more injurious to a grain crop than to allow water to stand on the land. FILLING SILOS AND SAVING SHREDDED FODDER. In packing the green crops in the silo do not be in too great haste to complete the work. The whole mass will be iu better condition if the filling is done every alternate day. If oue is careful iu filling aud packing the corners, and if, after the silo is filled and tramped the contents are covered with a layer 12 or 15 inches iu depth of cott-ouseed hulls, chaff, straw or other similar substance, and this well sprin kled with water, there need be no fear that the whole will not consolidate and seal np the silage, effectually preserving it from injury. In saving the shredded fodder, that is either the bare stalks shredded, or stalks, leaves aud tops all shredded together, great care must be exercised to have the fodder free from dampness, that is from rain or dew. No matter how dry the stalks may appear outwardly there is always more or less natural moisture inside, but this will not prove at all in jurious, if the shredded fodder is care fully packed and the air thus excluded. The natural moisture will cause the mass to heat, but this will improve rather than injure it, provided it is left undisturbed until the fermentation ceases. If disturbed before the heating is over, it will cause the mass to mould. We are yet novices iu this new method of shredding or curing fod der, but each year will add to our expe rience and skill until the process be comes finally entirely perfected. A gen eral adoption of this plan will work a revolution in southern farming. The question of abundant forage will be for ever settled, aud more stock and better stock will be a comparatively easy achievement. DEMAND FOR SEED IRISH POTATOES. Conditions indicate that there will be a good demand next .spring for southern fall grown Irish potatoes for seed. The drouth and potato bugs in some sections, and long continued wet weather in oth ers, have greatly injured the general crop. Be careful iu saviug the crop to take out all diseased or damaged pota toes and put np in banks just as sweet potatoes are protected. Let them ma ture as far as pos-ible before digging, but don’t allow them to be iujared by severe cold. A slight frost will not hurt them. R. T. Nesbitt, Commissioner. THE CONDITION OF CROPS. COTTON. 1' Since my last report of Sept. 1, disas ter has overtaken this crop all over the state. Rust aud shedding aud drouth have done their work, aided iu some counties by caterpillars, and I think it a fair statement to say that the .prospec tive yield is 25 per cent off from what it promised to be a month ago. I have been iu ail sections of the state during September, I have observed the crop closely myselff~and I have talked with experienced farmers from many coun ties. and I ventnre the assertion that Georgia will make no more ootton than she did last year. In addition to this disaster, the price has declined more than a cent a pound in the same time, aud our farmers are now face to face with a small orop and the price in most cases below the cost of production. The crop is being rapidly gathered and on many farms where rust appeared, early picking is practically over. Should good weather continue for a few weeks longer the crop will all be gathered, as there is very little top crop auy where in the state. CORN. Fortunately this crop is good, gener- erally, though a few counties report short on account of local drouth. It is fortunate that our farmers will have but little corn to buy, for there will be little or no money left in their hands from the sale of their cotton. I advise every farmer to save his corn carefully and allow none of it to be wasted, for corn promises to be higher in price next year than it has been for a year or two past. OTHER CROPS. Rice is reported good from the coast counties, where the bulk of the crop is raised, and no severe storm having oc curred in September most of it is now safely harvested. Sorghnm and sugar cane have made fair crops, though the latter has been retarded in growth by dry weather in the early snmmer. The brop of peas is good and they should be gathered iu spite of the pressing de mands of the open cotton. Peas sold this year iu Atlanta from $1 to $1.25 a bushel, and every farmer that has them should at least save his seed, if no more. A great deal of fine fodder aud hay has been enred and housed, and this good work sbonld still go on wherever rains have kept the grass greeu and nutritious. Groundpeas and sweet potatoes are an average crop, and will go a long ways towards fattening the killing hogs, particularly in South Georgia, where groundpeas are largely planted for this purpose. STOCK Are generally reported healthy and iu good condition, and with plenty of corn and fodder are likely to continue so. Some reports of cholera, but less than usual _■ Sand Vafteh. Question.—I tried a small plat in Sand vetch as an experiment, but it spread so close to the ground that I am couvinced on a large scale it would be au exceedingly difficult crop to gather. I believe it is as valuable as crimson clover, as a winter crop it is better adapted to dry soil and if this difficulty can be overcome it will become oue of our most valuable crops. Gan you sug gest a plan for successfully saviug it? Answer. —It has been found that if ▼etch is seeded with wheat or lye, the latter will hold it up, and prevent it ! from spreading so close to the gronnd. It is richer iu albuminoids than clover and stands the winter equally as well, but it should be cut before it beoomes too woody. —State Agricultural Depart ment. .• ■ . , ; fl § AGRICULTURAL DEPARTMENT Workings of This Branch of the State Government. HOW IT HAS GROWN SINGE 1890 sag ? 41 § fl Chang.-8 That Have Raen Made bJ the Present Commissioner-— Nearly a Million Dollars Turned Into the Treasury Nor the Benefit of the School Fund—Some Interesting Facta and Figures. Question.—J am a farmer, and like thonsauds of others, feel interested in the work of the Department of Agri culture. In your monthly answers to questions give me some information ou this subject. Is the department an ex pense or a source of revenue to the state? This is not strictly an agricult ural question, but it is strictly business, aud the farmers want information on it. Answer 1.—Answering your specific question first, the State Agricultural Department-, so far from being au ex pense to the state, has paid into the treasury, for tlia benefit of the sohool fund, something like $753,009. At first the inspection tee was 50 ceuts a ton. The fertilizer business bad not reached its present magnitude, aud it was thought that 53 ceuts a ton would about pay the expenses of running the depart ment. The idea of a revenue from this source was not then thought of. But the sale of fertilizers increased very rapidly, aud the inspection fee was con sequently redo e t to 10 cents, au amount so small that the seller cannot claim any additional price forme fertil izers and vet it protects he con-truer and in the aggregate ti-.o d partxu4.’»i puts into the treasury a c on- a ina.i profit. That is after ev-ry «-vp-nss Inspector’s salaries, Inspector's expen ses, tags, hott:es, esprasi char res. pun lications, salaries of commissioner, his' clerks, state chemist and two assistants, have all been paid, the state ;S a gainer by between $20.0.00 .and $30,000 each year. This result has been accom plished by the exercise of the utmost care and economy in the management of the affairs of the department. The business of the i nice has increased tre mendously since J 800, when the present commissioner took charge. 2, The work of the chemical depart ment has more than doubled. Iu 1889- 90 there were 533 analyses; iu 1898-97 1,058 analyses, aud the number of brands increased from 410 to 1,178. Oue of the first changes made by the pres mt com missioner was to bring the chemical de partment to Atlanta The laboratory is now in the capitol and all the analyses are conducted there.'" 3. Inspecting is no longer done in bulk at the factories. The system of inspecting inaugurated by the present commissioner is the best of auy state in the Union, although the inspection fee of 10 cents is the smallest of any state. Inspectors are forbidden to take samples uutil after tbB fertilizers leave the factories. They get their samples from farmers' wagons, on the cars, in the merchants’ ware houses, etc,, but always after the goods have left the hands of the manufactur ers and are on sale. By this method the entire state is oaref ally covered, and it is an extremely difficult matter to sell spurious goods in Georgia. But for this careful and thorough inspection the state would be flooded with worthless fertilizers and the farmers suffer in con sequence. A Another reform inaugurated by the present commissioner was the reduction of the annual pay of fertilizer inspec tors from $1,500 to $1,000 each, and in stead of keeping a large force on duty all the time, only four are appointed for the full time, the others are employed during the busy season, and when the pressure is removed, they are discharged. Thus, though the sale of fertilizers and the consequent work of the inspectors have both increased tremendously, the eost is about, the same, and until the unprecedented- sales of fertilizers the past season, the cost of inspecting was actually less than formally. 6. Under the present administration of the department, the pay of the oil - spec tors has been so reduced that whereas formerly the state did not re ceive one eent from this source the pres ent commissioner has been able to put $85,000 into the treasury after all ex penses have been paid. 7*-Although the office work of the department has doubled and trebled since the present , commissioner took charge, the office expenses are several hundred dollars less each year now than then. The increased work is done by the same number of clerks, three, and their combined, salaries have bean re duced from $1,500 to $8,720, an annual reduction of $780 in clerk hire. Until last year the saving in clerk hire was over $l;tX)0 each year, but owing to in creased work aud responsibility the sal aries of two of the clerks were raised. 6. Besides the “Monthly Talks and Answers to Questions,” which' are pub lished by the weekly press through out the state, the commissioner has prepared and issued thonsauds cf pamphlets and books, giving informa tion as to the, resources of Georgia. These books and pamphlets have been sent throughout the north and west, but so great has been the demand for them that it has been impossible to fully meet it. _- , 7. In the matter of buying tags the commissioner has been hampered by - foot that the state printer daimed its this as oue of hie. perquisites, and in this he was sustained by the printing committee. Notwithstandsng this fact, the commissioner demanded a reduc tion in the price and succeeded in re ducing it from $2.00 to $1.60 per 1,000. Finally . he appealed to the attorney general and was advised that he could make the purchase wherever he pleased. Proceeding on this authority he entered into negotiations for obtaining the tags cheaper, and then advertised for sealed bids. The first firm whioh received the contract failed to comply with the terms, so also the second, and after a third ad vertising for bids the contract was finally awarded to the Denison Manu facturing company, at 45 oents per 1,000. —State Agricultural Department. Subsolllng Land. Question.—Will you please answer t^e following questions ? _L Have you ever tested subsoiling land ? What was the result ? 2. Would you advise subsoiliug land with a fine sandy soil about 10 inches deep? runs together aud gets hard in a dry time. Subsoil is solid red clay. 8. Would yon advise, subsoiling dark gray and red olay lands (solid red clay subsoils) 12 to 16 inches deep? 4. When is the best time to subsoil, andhow often? 5. Are you sure that it pays to use acid phosphate and kainit on light sandy lands for corn, ootton, oats and peas ? 6. Do you advise the use of acid phos phate and kainit with cottonseed on sueh land for oats to be sowed in Octo ber ? There is a fair crop of pea vines on the land 7. When aoid phosphate and kainit are applied broadcast at the time peas are planted and all covered at once, is the fertilizer immediately available? 8. Where peas follow oats would a liberal application of phosphate and kainit to the oat orop pay as well as to divide application between oats and 9. Where uotton is planted after peas would a liberal application of phosphate and kainit to peas furnish phosphoric aoid and potash enough for cotton ? Answer.—1. I have tested subsoiling land iu southwest Georgia for corn and doubled the yield. I have a friend in Jefferson county who, this past winter, turned his land with a large 4- horse plow and followed in the same furrow with a snbsoiler palled by five horses, breaking the stiff subsoil to a depth of 18 to 20 inches. He writes that he is well pleased with the result, the cotton planted on that land being ahead of everything iu that section. 2. Tea. 8. Yea 4 Now is a good time to subsoil (Oct. 1), and any time will do through the fall and winter when the ground is not wet. When thoroughly done the effects will be visible for three or four years, and frequently longer, according to the character of the subsoiL 5L I am sure that it pays to fertilize all crops, if done judiciously, and nitro gen is usually needed as well as phos phoric acid and potash. & While the pea vines will furnish some nitrogen for the oat orop, I would advise the use of a complete fertilize* for them, particularly as you are desir ous of building up your land while you are making crops. 7. Most of the fertilizer is immedi ately available, and the rest becomes so gradually. The potash iu the kainit is all available (of course in the presence of moisture) at once, and so of what & termed the “available phosphoric acid” in. a fertilizer. There is usually some phosphoric acid termed unavailable, which, grad daily becomes available by the action of certain .properties in the soiL — 8. If yon wish to bring up your land rapidly you should fertilize each crop well . 9. Of course, a portion of the phospho ric acid and kainit would remain in the soil to be taken up by the ootton crop, bnt as I have said before, if you wish to tiring your land to a high state of fer tility each crop that you plant should be well fertilized.—State Agricultural Department. Flan For Kesplag Sweat Potatoes. Question—Please publish in your monthly » swers to questions a good, cheap, practical plan for keeping sweet potatoes ? Answer. —-The following plan is cheap and practioi l, and if followed you will have so trouble to keep your potatoes through -the winter: Dig your potatoes the first bright sunny day after the vines have been touched by frost. Han dle them carefully, rejecting all that are cut or bruised. Don’t throw them in piles while digging, as is customary, for by this plan many are bruised, but simply place them by. the side of the furrow as they are plowed up. Iu the evening gather them up, placing care fully in baskets holding from one to two bushels, and haul to the point where yon wish to bank them. Make a bed of dry pine straw 10 or. 12 inches thiok, and cn this place from 20 to 25 bushels of potatoes in_as steep a pile as possible. Then cover the pile 5 or 6 inches deep with pine straw, and do no more to them until the weather gets colder. Build a low shed over the bauks suffic ient to keep the rains entirely off. Be fore cold weather cover the entire bank with 7 or 8 inches of earth, aud your potatoes will keep until spring, The important points are these: Bank no bruised or cut potatoes; keep the bauks perfectly dry; put on enough earth to prevent the oold penetrating, but not until the potatoes have gone through a sweat and dried off.—State Agricultural Department. OF INTEREST TO State Agricultural Department Answers Questions. MUCH INFORMATION FURNISHED The Canada Pea and Its Culture—Certain Care For the Hog Cholera—How to Keep Sweet Potatoes—Fall Flowing of Light Lands In Georgia—Saud Vetch. Weevils In Corn, Eto. Question.—Please give me a remedy, if there be any, for preventing weevils from destroying corn unshucked. Answer. —There is but one efficient agent by the use of which you can pro tect your corn, and that is the bi- sul phide of carbon. I have urged the farmers for two years to try this, and some of them have done so with great success. Georgia will house a fair crop of corn in a short time, much of which will be lost or rendered worthless by the depredation of weevils. When your corn is housed place on top of the pile in shallow vessels or poured on cotton waste, bi- sulphide of carbon, at the rate °f 1 % pounds of the bi-sulphide to every 100 bushels of corn if the crib isr very open, or 1 pound to the 100 bushels if the. crib is tight. The bi-sulphide quickly vaporizes, and the vapor being heavier than the air descends through the mass of corn, permeating every nook and corner, and killing all insects that it reaches, as well as rats and mica. The bi-snlphide is a colorless liqnid with an unpleasant odor, and is a powerful poison, and can be bought at almost any drug store for 20 to 30 cents a pound. There is a much cheaper grade called “fuma bi-8ulphid9,” which is said by those who have tried it to be quite as effective as any. Bear in mind that the vapor of this liquid is very iuflamable v and that no fire, not even a lighted pipe or cigar, must be taken anywhere near it. This danger exists as long as there 'is any odor of the bi-sulphide, aud may continue for two or three days. The gram will not be injured either for eat ing or for planting purposes by this treatment. Some of the weevils being protected by the shucks from contact with the vapor, will escape the first ap plication, bnt a second use of the remedy in three or four weeks will kill these. Shelled corn or wheat or peas may be saved from weevils by placing in a hogs head or barrel and applying a propor tionate amount of the bi-snlphide as above described. I will be glad to hear the result, should any farmer try the remedy. There is no danger in its use if you will bear in mind that the mate rial is very poisonous and very inflam mable, and that if you use a largei quantity than recommended you will be likely to injure the grain for planting purposes.—State Agricultural Depart ment. Apples For Market. Question.^-! live in Gilmer county and have some good land, both valley and hill land. Would it pay me to plant an apple orchard for market ? If. yes, will the valley or the hill side be best for the purpose ? - Give the names of some good varieties of apples for this section. Answer.—I have no doubt that an apple orchard of properly selected vari eties, cared for as it should be, will pay handsomely in your county and in any other oounty in neartheast and north west Geargia. The foothills of the Ozark mountains in southern Missouri aud northern Arkansas produce splendid crops of superior apples which are ship ped to jail parts of the United States, and I see no reason why your section should not do' the same thing. Apple trees require a good soil, and if your a few of them possibly possessed some merit. Not one of them,, however, up to this time has proved a sure cure, and many million dollars continue to be lost annually by hogs dying of cholera. It is not the custom of this department to advertise the merits of any medicine, but I deem the matter of soT much im portance to our farmers that I will now depart from the custom, and say to you and other farmers that I believe hog cholera can be cured by a medicine put up by Mr. R» P. Dodge of 74 Frazer street, Atlanta. Ga. His testimonials as to the wonderful results of the use of his cholera remedy are, many of them, from as good men as we have iu Geor gia, some of whom I know personally: They assert most positively that their sick hogs were at once cured, and the spread of the disease stopped by the use of this medicine. I have not tried it on my farm, simply because I have had no cholera among my_hogs, but I cannot doubt the testimony of men whom know have tried it, and I take this means of advising any who are losing hogs from cholera to write to the above address for the remedy. I hope I am not mistaken as to the efficacy of this medicine, which, as I view it, promises. . to be a boon, not only to the farmers of Georgia, but of the entire country. Mr. Dodge is now in the northwest, but will soon be in Atlanta, and he offers to go to any part of the state where cholera exists' aud demonstrate that he onn cure it, and this he proposes to do at his own expense.—State Agricultural Depart ment. . Fall Flowing: For Light Lands. Question.—You have written a good deal about fall plowing of our Georgia lands and I want to know if it will do to pfew bur fight lands in the .‘fan.. and let them lie all winter? Won’t they wash worse than if let alone ? Answer. -—Although fall plowing on light lands may not be as beneficial as on those of heavier quality, we would prefer plowing to leaving them alone, much of the water from winter rains will sink into the subsoil and if proper arrangements by .terracing ami ditching have been made to oarry off the surplus water, little damage will result from washing. A better plan, however, is to cover these bare lands with some win ter crop, as crimson clover, (peculiarly suited to light lands) rye, vetch, eto. These orops assimilate the elements of plant food already in the soil prevent the lands from washing and the neces sary preparation for them aerates the soil and helps it to conserve moisture. During the winter our teams should never be allowed to stand idle when the laud is in right condition to be deeply broken. Two reasons that farmers are unsuccessful with crimson clover are that the seed are put in too late and the preparation is imperfect.. Some times poor seeds are planted and some times they are not covered deep enough. If not sufficiently covered they will either be washed off by heavy rains or a light rain followed by diy weather will cause them to sprout aud then perish. Where a harrow can be used it does the work very nicely, if the teeth axe sot at an angle of 45 degrees, or a roll er will cover the seed, crush any'clods and leave the land in nice condition.—State Agricul tural Department. Fertiliser For Wheat. Question.—Please give me a good fer tilizer for wheat, to be sowed on land from whioh I have out a heavy growth of pea vines? Answer. —Some farmers contend that a pea crop will furnish enough nitrogen for a wheat orop. but pay experience dif fers from this, and I would advise you to use a fertilizer containing 8 per cent phosphoric aoid, 8 per cent ammonia and 8 per cent potash. In the spring •when the wheat begins to grow off, you tadmobb. Mr. Cook, who has been quite sick for several weeks, is able to be up again. Cotton in this section is cut off nearly half, and corn is off con siderably. Mr. Walker Coker and Miss Nancy Lipscomb were married last week at the residence of Rev. J. C. Otwell. They are- receiving the congratulation of friends. Forty snakes have recently been killed on the Merritt place. This community takes the cake when it comes to snakes. Mr. Felton Walker has returned from a trip to Clayton county.. PENDERGRASS. We have had some frost. The cotton will soon be out of the farmers hands. The saw and hammer are mak- mg things hum m Pendergrass now. Several new buildings are going up. The Monroe Guano Co. is hav ing a new ware house built here for the storage of cotton seed and hulls. ▼alley land is well drained it will be j ™ 3nlt * *7 gmag it » most suitable for them. At the same j d re *si n 8 of 50 to 100 pounds nitrate of time if your hill sides are not very steep l 8oda ' Ub sure to prepare a good eeed and are fertile, as I know mauy of them are, they will answer very well for the purpose. They must be terraced, how ever, so that the soil will not wash away. The following are some varie ties that will do well iu. your seotioHf Wine Sap, Yates, Terry, Shockley, Ben Davis, Southern Greening, Fall Pippin,. Etowa, Eduard, Mra Bryan, Grimes Golden Pippin. Remember that, apple treesTxequire cultivation and -attention, and without these they will not prove profitable. They draw their sustenance from the earth, and if you rob them oi their food by planting other crops ou the land you will get a poor return from them. Of course, when the trees axe young you might plant peas or clover or some similar orop among them, bnt in no case put a grain crop on the land. 1 have often seen this done to the great We are still hopeful of getting our new school building. It will very likely be built on the bond system, at a cost of something near $4,000, and will be provided with the very latest improvements. Cards are out announcing the coming marriage of Mr. W. T Appleby and Miss Hallie Adams, which will occur at the home of the brides parents, a few miles below here, next Tuesday evening. Stov Jackson, one of our jolly boys, has taken up his abode in Harmony Grove, aud has procured a position with Wilson & Bennett. Mrs. A. R. Braselton of Jeffer son, is visiting her daughter, Mra. J. S. Brooks this veek. Mr. Neal Loveless, a brother to our townsman Mr. J. S. Loveless, who has been making his home in Florida for the past ten years, is on a visit to his old home, much to the delight of his many old friends and acquaintances here. It is probable that he will return to Georgia to live. Miss* Lula Appleby returned home Sunday, from a two weeks visit in Harmony Grove. Messrs. McElhanuon and Daniel of Winder, Messrs. Williams and Matthews of Jefferson, and Mr. Homer Stork of Harmony Grove, were among our visitors last Sun day. h . ,~v flowery branch. A shooting scrape occurred jnsfc outside the incorporate limits of the town on Saturday night. John Watts shot Frank Bennett. Watts is gone and Bennett is re ported as doing well. Miss Wortie Montgomery of Gainesville, is visiting friends here this week, and will begin school on October 25th. The Trustees of the Flowery Branch School have elected Prof. Allen Wilder of Forsyth, Ga., as principal of the Flowery Branch High School for 1898, with Miss. Wortie Montgomery as assistant. The school building is progressing very finely and will soon be com pleted. ^ H Mr.| J. T. Hodges has been thing of the ctativation and habits of '■ hnildine some chimneys for Mr. J. the Canada pea? I have hearai that j Dniiai g J they will grew through the winter and A. Mooney this week, be ready to out for hay by the middle of spring. Are they considered good feed for stock? Answer.—We have as yet had at the south very few experiments with the bed for the wheat by thorough breaking and harrowing of the soil before plant ing. Much of our small grain crop is planted iu a careless, slipshod manner, resulting in unsatisfactory crops. We may as well expect “to gather figs from thistles” as to hope for a bountiful crop of wheat from poorly prepared land. Even if the soil is rich, the yield will not be what It should be unless the gronnd is properly prepared before planting-the seed.—State Agricultural Department. ___ Gnnadn Fens. Question.—Can you tell me some- Mr. Wallace Brown is working on Mr. W. W. Cooper’s house. The fever patients in and around detriment of fhe orchard, the corn ovl ... . , ... wheat or oats robbing the trees of the Canada pea. The hay is known to be are all improving, very elements that they needed for theis a vei T fine for cows a!ad sbeep,. as cases reported, development. If you will plant an ap r “ T * ‘ pie orchard as I have suggested aud give it the same care that the peach grower of South Georgia, or the orange grower 7- r f and no it is rich in protein®. It h as be«m_sng- gested that the crop be sown in October on land.of average fertility. 'Plow and 1 work fine, then sow the pea&at the rate of two bushels to the acre. !Chay should be covered deep, at least 4 or 5 inches. If the peas are killed down, by severe cold they will come up again and be ready for cutting' about May. A good plan lis to sow these peas and oats ou the same land. First plow in the peas _ to the depth of C.or 5 inches, about a Question.—Is there any cure for hog bushel to the acre, then harrow in the cholera? I see some advertised iu the papers, but will they do what they claim? Answer.—Various remedies for this very fatal disease have from time time been published to the w of them were no doubt worthless, of Florida bestows upon his trees, 1 have no doubt that in the long run the apple orchard will prove as profitable as the others By all means try it, if you only plant one or two acres.—State Ag ricultural Deapartmeut. ' A. V - . ' ■ ■ ■ . . ' .... Ho* Cholera. oats, about the same quantity of seed. The crops will mature together and the hay be much finer than otUn alone, the -oteine in the peas making a well bal- d ration and a good substitute for mseed meal or bran.—State Agri- ral Department ^Mr. J. A. Mooney went to Friendship and Clinchem for Tax Collector Charles last week. Slfis Just try a 10c. box of Cascarets, the finest liver and bowel regulator eyer made. . Prepared for Ginning. ' Mr. J. T. Hargrove is ] cotton, He is: and can gin twenty get their cottor 11 i* on seed Mr. work.