Charlton County herald. (Folkston, Ga.) 1898-current, May 28, 1908, Image 6
. g VXS s’2}‘3s‘?l{’ e S P "‘. - £7 A i"}‘»‘ ; & \42 "{‘ S 5 (Y 3 3 s " ; ‘ _ (U v Well-Cecred Hay. " Teed the brcod mares liberally, but not to excess. They should have the best quality of well-cured hay, oats and bran. Moldy hay that has been heated in the mow or bale, musty oats and bran that has soured, will not supply the proper nutriment for producing stake winners.—Horse Breeder. . Care of Mares, ™ ' Pregnant brood mares should re ceive special care from now until they drop their foals, They should take exercise in the open air every day. It is not sufficient to turn them loose in a large yard or paddock and leave them there. They should be kept moving. Some mares when heavy with foal are so sluggish that will not even walk around the yard unless some onc is present to compel tzem to take cxercise, This duty should not be entrusted to reckless boys. TLe exercise shonld not be violent.-——American Cultivator, 3" To Ripen Cream, " Cream left to itself will become sour spontaneous. This is the resuit of the growth of lactie acid bacteria, which feed upon the milk sugar and as a final process convert it into lactic acid. Other forms of bacteria are also present in cream; some have lit tle or no effect in the ripening pro cess, while others, if allowed to de velop, produce undesirab’e and often obnoxious flavors. To cultivate and develop those “wild” ;irms is called ‘spontaneous’” ripening and is often attended with uncertainiy. Good but ter making demands the use of a “starter” either home made or pure culture, The former should be made of selected skim milk.—l3pitomist. T I R ————————— R ——— TRAP TOR SHEEP-KILLING DOGS, f———— e HeiL O \\ | shl’ : ""'-—"i.-s.'\\ A ? [ I’&; wlB . ’ \‘\._\‘.{ 3 \v. ‘v:’,‘\.‘ ‘fi ’ ) ‘v‘ ; i‘\':\m"' Y Vg 5" LAY ALY E LR R Y W Ao et AN \\\\\‘ A R£e AT YIS W YT L 2 RV AL S s R S R N ; \S\:‘{\\\‘.mw ---.:u\ AW - :4..&' A\ ] 3 »\\ if ks . . \ | L et B ! W e e N AL 5% ~ - LR LY \ % \ \,'- 5 RA\ AT p kg " - B -“’“N‘A - RS B Y ] ™ Q .'j‘ 3 N 0 T e " 5 m\ B e, ’ Y % R¢ i . } el ‘\ - T TAN N o rreiereen g [C——— : _vvl T A - . v - £ Y In the meadow or fleld where sheep are pastured during the day, is a small lfin’ which is divided by a cross fenee and covered on top by strong ®lats, Wwo gates are made so that they will swing open of their own ac cord and remain so, unless held closed or fastened. The gate is furnighed with adatch by which it is fastened when closed. This gate is intended to admit the dog into the part of the pen A when he is attracted to it by a sheep confined for the purpose in the other part of the pen B. lln the A | part of the pen is a heavy board reaching across it. One edge of this board rests upon the ground against two pegs, which keep it from slipping back | ward, The other edge is kept up by means of two shaky, slender sup ports. A rvope is fastened to the upper edge of this board and to the | gates so that one-half of it when the board is propped up, allows the gate I A to swing open and the other half holds the gate B shut and thus keeps | the sheep confined. The trap is now set. A dog seeking entry into the pen | finds the gate open and rushes over the board, thus knocking it down. The | gate A is closed by the rope and fastened, while the gate B is allowed to swing open and set the sheep free. L The Scourge of the Hog Grower, With a geod piece of farm land to start with, few live stock industries present greater attractions than hog raising; but there is always the spec tre of cholera, and once started in a locality it is likely to sweep away the majority of the hogs. Hogs have made the fortunes of many farmers; hog cholera has ruined many others. It was found from statistics compiled some years ago that in llowa about eighty-five per cent. of the hogs were destroyed in droves attacked by the disease. The Bureau of Animal In dustry went to work to find a serum which would render hogs immune, At that time two kinds of the disease were known—hog cholera and swine plague. In a series of experiments the use of the Government serum ren dered about eighty-five per cent. of the hogs immune, In other cases it had practically no effect. Further investigation by the scientists of the bureau discovered a third distinet type of cholera. All three —hog chol era, swine plague and the new dis ease are due to blood destroying bac teria. A new serum was formulated, made from the blood of immune hogs combined with that from diseased animals, This was patented by the department in the interest of the farmer, and is believed 1o be an ab solutely effective hog cholera preven. tive. “"We have experimented with this new serum,” said Dr. A. D. Melvin, the chief of the Bureau of Animal In dustry, “and it is most promising, It is a little too early to drclarve that it is infallible, and it is in no sense a oure, where the hogs already have the disease. But it seems to bhe a sure preventive, and where any of the three hog cholera diseases breaks out in a community, the idea would be to inoculate all the hogs in the neigh borhood, 'This is not such a great . undertaking if done as soon as the pigs are littered. From our experi " ments thus far it appears to absolute 1y to immunize the animals treated. ‘The bareaun is co-operating with the various experiment stations for the manufacture of the serum and fur ther experiments with the treatment, with a view to stamping out hog chol era in any locality the minute it ap pears.” — Guy E. Mitchell, in the Farmers’ Home Journal, : arm— 4% The Profitable Brood Sow. TFor fall pigs breed the sow in April or May. Early pigs bring the best prices. Breeding stock should not be fat, but should be in thrifty condition. If the sow is thin and poor the litter will be a disappoint mcnt, Such pigs will prove hard feeders and slow to make profit. The period of gestation .is normally 115 days, but frequently less. It is a good rule to expect the young in a week less than four months. Choose a thoroughbred boar if one is obtain able. Do not let yourself be beguiled icto the belief that a scrub or a grade is of anything of like as great value. Cnoose good stock every time, and you will invariably have better pigs and better prices for them. Experi enced swine raisers think nothing of carrying a sow ten or fifteen miles to a choice male. The second day of heat is bhetter than the first. The period of heat lasts three days. After a single service the sow should be re moved at once, and kept alone for two days, where she cannot even hear other swiae, When driving a distance, see that the sow has a comfortable 12d in the wagon and is not hungry, Small ropes may be tied to her forward feet and passed through holes in the bottom of the wagon body to keep her from making trouble and requiring a rack. In severe cold weather she should have a blanket thrown over her, At the end of twenty-one days watch the sow and know whether she | has been successtfully bred. To breed ’ and rear swine is not difficult, but care and watchfulness are necessary| parts of the work. Let no beginner | be discouraged at a few losses, if he will but learn from experience. A few litters of plump, rollicking pigs at good prices will make it all up to him.—William O'Brien, in the Amer« ican Cultivator. | Raise More Sheep. Prosperity in the sheep business during the past few years has attract ed a good many farmers to the busi ness who never owned sheep hefore. The great majority of them diseov ered to their surprise that there was more money in sheep than in any oth er kind of live stock they ever raised. ‘They also found that the sheep were ‘vaiuable in keeping down the weeds and fertilizing the farm, As an all around farm animal for profit there is nothing that compaves with the isheep. We often hear farmers say as an excuse for not having sheep ‘that they “don’t understand them.” Well, if this is true, then the quicker they get acquainted with the fleecy tribe the better it will be for them. Sheep are by nature sociable and easy to get on friendly terms with, so the matter of introduction is easy.' There is plenty of room in all the cen tral Western States for five times as many sheep as are grown at the pres ent time, If farmers would put more time in sheep culture, and less at something else they would profit more. The dog nuisance is, of course, a handicap in some places, but if sheep were generally raised, the com bined efforts of the sheepmen would {Boon put the unnecessary dog out of business. It will be hard to combat the dog successfully when such a large amount of farmers raise the lmangy curs instead of sheep.—Shep {herd's Criterion. ‘ e ———————————— ‘ “Stay in bed twenty minutes after {you awake,” adrises a French savant. , - PEARL STRINGING AS A BUSINESS Oppcriunity to Create a New Vocation in the Care of Gems and All My Lady’s Jewelry---A Chance to Add to a Slender income, - A very valuable string of pearis should be restrung every month one would be on the safe side, for there is always the danger of the silken cord rubbing against a dia mond brooch at the back of the eoliar and one or more of the delicate strands being broken, thus making the waxed threads too thin to hold together for many days. Yet many Women cannot bear to part with a costly chain or a handsome dog col lar just at the height of the season’s gayety, for the most expeditious Jew eler would not be able to return the pearls in less than three or four days at least. There is also a certain rigk in losing sight of a rare string of pearls for the briefest time, as at even the most reliable and far-famed establishment there may be unwit tingly employed some one who will take the opportunity when restring ing a necklace of substituting a cley erly manufactured pearl in place of the real gem, the ‘‘pearl of great price,” or perhaps of substituting be tween the diamond clasps an entire new string of apparently perfectly matched true pearls, and so marvel ously can pearls be imitated that it may be many months before the fraud will be discovered. A real need, therefore, that has been felt for many years by all who possess costly jewelry, is for some means of having the different neek laces, bracelets, chains, brooches, etc., kept in order without having to re linquish them for an indefinite time Just when they are most wanted for various balls and reeeptions. Strange as it may seem, not until this last year did it ever oceur to anyone that for a means of eking out a not too ample income no task could be pleasanter than to take up as a profession the stringing of pearls and polishing up and even resetting of precious gems. With one or two lessons, any girl or woman could easily learn the art of pearl stringing, and, the knowledg® once acquired, a field will be at once open to her among her friends, while her list of patronesses is sure to increase rap idly, for as yet there will be compara tively little competition to encounter. As the Koran says, “Thy friend has a friend, and thy friend’s friend has a friend,” and so the conscientious worker will soon build up a thriving business among her friends and ac quaintances and through them among Aheir friends and acquaintances, and 80 on, with the-infinity of an endless chain, 4 As a regular profession, this string ing of pearl collars and necklaces could really be made decidedly prof itable. From the pearl stringing s, business could easily grow into th{ more difficult art of cleaning and pol ishing jewelry and of examining brooches and jeweled chains regular ly to see that the stones are all free in their settings, and with a tiny Jbincers many a piece of jewelry can be rescued from an extended visit to the jeweler's. There are numberless little side issues that can be taken up by the professional pearl stringer, all of which will net large returns on the price of the necessary few lessons in learning first-hand just how the work is done. Many girls and women are now learning themselves how to restring their own pearls and how to keep their jewels always bright and lus trous, preferring, now that they know that one or two lessons will make it possible, to take sole care of their valuable jewelry., Small cases, in wood, leather, silk, or silver, fitted with all the necessary soaps, sticks, and chamois cloths for cleaning and polishing precious stones, are now to be had, and especially during the summer or mid-winter vacation, when one is apt to be far away from any reliable jeweler, do these cases prove their usefulness. In the world of fas- ‘ hion it is considered quite as neces sary for the jewels to be bright and scintillating as it is for every article of dress to be absolutely fresh and spotless. The handsomer the jewel the more does it deserve to be kept in perfect condition, while a less val uable pin, ring, or bracelet will not show up for half its worth if it be not kept always clean and bright. A curious fad of the present day is the wearing of good imitation pearls by women who possess superb strings of real and almost priceless pearls. Naturally there is a certain risk in always wearing the costly string, but there can be little object in possessing a valuable c¢ollar or necklace of pearls and then constant ly wearing the imitations. So wide spread has this fashion become among women who can and do own the real pearls that many wear dur ing the day time pearls that are but gross imitations, and yet could they not afford to own the real thing they would consider it close to the line of vulgarity to wear a piece of imita tion jewelry. It all revolves back to the old truth: She who can afford the costly gem can afford to wear the imitation, but she whose income is known to be small need never strive to acquire a string of pearls, for they will never be given the credit of being genuine, another illystration of the verity, “To him (or her) that hath."—New York Times. < el | Literature's Lost Legion. ~ “There’s a legion that never was listed” among books as well as among men; books that have been ' contemplated but never written—a i literary regiment of wraiths and ghosts.—Book Monthly, : FARMING IN TUSCANY. By E. K. PARKINSON. Bordering the west coast of Italy and protected from the cold north wind by the Apennine mountains, is the province of Tuscany with Flor ence as her chief city. On the slope of the Fiesole hills, overlooking that beautiful city on the banks of the Arno, is the farm of a retired Eng lish merchant, and in the Pall Mall Magazine he gives a charming de scription of farm life in that ta‘ away country. ? . The farm is considered a large one, but as the manner of measuring in Tuscany is so different comparison is difficult. About a third of it is put into wheat each year and the number of bushels sown is the meas ure of its size. The grain is sent to the local mills to be ground into flour and the straw, chopped up and mixed with grass, is eaten by the oxen. : The farm work is all done by a pair of beautiful white Tuscan oxen, whose strength is prodigious. He tells how he once saw a restive ox, who was ahout to be shod, by one kick floor six men who, with a rope passed round a tree, were tugging at his hind leg. And yet their agility is extraordinary ‘as any one may see who watches a pair, with their necks joined together by the yoke, turn round in a space that would barely suffice for a pony.” The mode of plowing on the deep hillsides among the vines and olives would amaze the traveler. j Wooden Plows in Use. { The plow which does duty in these orchards is a block of wood hewn out of an oak stump, with its tip shod with iron. A friend who wasl visiting Mr. Caulfield expressed as tonishment that an Englishmafl should continue to use such a mon-! strous lump of wood. So he pro-! cured for him the latest thing in American plow and volunteered to guide it himself. “With some diffi-‘ culty the yoke was adjusted, and the oxen, not accustomed to such a light weight behind them, started off at a gay pace, which soon lifted my friend off his feet and left him waving about at the tail of that plow, like river weed stirred by a swift eurrent. How ever, it was not for long. There came a crash, the oxen stopped short, and we found that the plow had stuck fast in a stout olive-root, and would never be itself again. There ended my first, ~nd last, trial of an iron plow. I have gone back to the old plow, whose convex bottom enables it to slip over any live rock or root that it may meet.” How the Farms Are Worked. In Tuscany the farms are worked on the following system: The man who owns the farm and the man who works it share the profits and losses —the cynics say that the whole of the former go to the candino, and the “landlord has all the latter. The rules governing the system have never been reduced to legal terms, but the unwritten law of custom is never questioned. These rules vary considerably from district to district, following, however, one broad line. The landlord is responsible for all‘ capital expenditure and improve ments that may be regarded as per-\ manent, the making of new walls and vineyards, the providing of stakes for ‘ vineyards not yet in bearing, the pur- . chase of live stock and of long-lived farm implements, such as wagons] and plows, which remain his own property; while all annual expendi ture and up-keep are shared equally. The landlord, moreover, is morally bound to provide food for his conta dini in the case of a bad year, and is allowed to recoup himself from the next fat year. He has, on the other hand, various small privileges and dues, chief of which is the right to employ his contadini for his own purpose at Iless than the current wage. On the whole, he says, the sys tem works well for both parties. The farm year begins with the sowing of wheat. The land is plowed in September and October, and as soon as All Saints’ Day arrives—no good farmer ever beginsg before—the contadino goes out to scatter his seed broadcast over the field, which is an operation requiring more skill than may appear. No sooner is the seed covered up than there is digging or pruning to be done. ‘‘Care, however, must be taken not to prune when the moon is young; for as Pietro says, the new shoots would then remain always tender at the tips—only the olive's hard wood does not require -this precaution.” : Gathering Olives. The olives now change from green to dark purple which gleams in the sun, and the women are set to work to pick up the berries, which the November gales have shaken down. (The olives which give the oil are not the same as the green ones that ‘one eats; these are gathered in the early fall and pickled with lye.) The olive-picking is long and toilsome, particularly the part assigned to the women, who have to collect all the fallen berries—and very cold work it is for them when winter is on, Their little earthenware pots full of hot ashes barely thaw their numbed fin gers, and their pcor knees ache for days after. Then men climb the trees with a basket strapped in"front of them, apd, drawing the laden branches towards them, strip them of the fruit with an action as of milking a cow. The olives picked from the trees are kept separate from those that are picked up on the ground, for the lat ter, being generally covered with ' earth, yteld an oil inferior in tasie, The olives are not allowed to re main long before they are taken to be crushed. The great stone mill is set in motion by an ox which walks round and round the fixed stone ba sin or “plate’” and makes the upper stone revolve till he is tired and his comrade takes his place. The olives are divided into two parts. The first is crushed till the olives are turned ;lnto an oily mash, which is then stuffed in bags of cocoa-nut fibre called ‘‘cages’ and put under a screw, and the oil forced out. While the first Jot of berries are heing pressed the second lot are crushed, the pro cess is gone through twice with each lot and the result is an oil of the first quality. Second quality oil is made by turning boiling water on the olive ‘“paste’’ and grinding and press ing once more. The oil is left to clear until the dealers come up and, digging into the oil & fore-finger, which they gravely suck, proceed to make an offer. 5 Blessing the Oxen. In February comes St. Anthony’s day, a great day for the patient oxen for it is their saint’s day, and the village priest is coming to bless them. Their stables are given such a cleaning that at first they do not recognize them and refusze to enter; while their own white coats are rubbed as spotless as a cat’s shirt front, till they gaze inquiringly at the little colored picture of the saint pinned above their manger, and won der what it all can mean. The priest arrives and hurriedly recites the blessing, sprinkling them with holy water and they only wince a little as the drops from the brush fall on their still sensitive skins, for they seem to understand. Harvest Days. : The peasants around Florence have an old custom called ‘Lighting up the corn,” which they all respect. On Shrove Tuesday, as soon as night falls, all the contadini sally forth and with lighted wicks in their hands, make a complete circuit of all their fields in which the young wheat is growing. And as they walk they chant these lines: “Corn, corn, don’t ’ee blight, Here come I to give ’ee light. In the plain, And on the hill Let every stalk a bushel fill, A bushel full, a bushel fair, A little loaf to every ear.” It. is a most picturesque sight to see the hundreds of little lights over hill and valley as far as the eye can see, and To feel that each light is in the hand of some one who is offering up a very genuine prayer, even though it be a Pagan one. . In the latter part of April the olive-trees show_ the first signs of flower-buds. The earlier they appear the better is the chance of a good crop. The old Tuscan saying is that if the flower-buds show in April you will have barrels full as compared with pint measures full if they do not show till May. On Easter day the farmer brings his landlord a present of a fine live capon and a dozen eggs, which are considered his perquisites and are never forgotten. In June the little figs appear, which ripen in August. At the same time the wheat begins to turn and the farmer’s life is one constant round of work but fortu nately for him Italy has many saints’ days .which are invariably observed as holidays. The grain is all cut with a sickle and every one reaps for dear life that the grain may be gathered while the good weather lasts. Then comes threshing, which is done with flails and the winnowing with shov els. No sooner is the harvest over and a little rest enjoyed than comes the gathering of the grapes. On vintage day the farm is open to every one to help with the picking. The grapes are thrown into tall wooden tubs, as they are picked, and there pounded till the few grapes left are swimming in the sweet ‘“must.”” The ox-cart carries these tubs just as they are into the vat, where in a few hours’ time they will be fermenting furiously, bubbling like a geyser and sending up great puffs of crimson froth. The juice remains for some days in the vat till fermentation has almost ceased, then it is drawn off and the skins pressed for the wine which they still hold. The wine is put into butts which have first been thoroughly fumigated with sulphur, and there it reposes until it reaches a ripe old age. After the wine is safely stored | away, the peasants have a great sup per, with music and merry-making. So the year goes, sometimes nature is kind and a balance is carried to the right -ide of the books, but in the long run if sufficient is made to cover all expenses and at the same time provide a comfortable living, the farmer considers himself fortunate. Too High. As to the cost of living, there is room for debate on some features, but none on the following, all of which come too high: The fees of re ceivers, the purses to prize fighters, the salaries of grand opera singers, the price of a carriage ride, the tip expected, or exacted, at luncheon time. A sweeping horizontal reduction, say, of about two-thirds in each case, would come somewhere near a norma) adjustment.—New York Mail. The women of Russia and the men of Japan are the most expert needles workers in the world, R SS R RIRR R ¢ 5 F e S R S D R e Ly Wis et SEALI onh S : R E - el R o \ N el ! R AN S a 0 Rt B IO o N S RS N R “r»v-}._,_"*:':;;:;zj.{;‘:i:- N RN RN NR N R RN AN N B ONERY R RN 15&:,:..;Eg:;:;f;:’;i:i;i.;';:;j:j.{:{:}:;:.:5.;:;;;-'g};}g{:}:{:gi@;z& - NN MR N RN o R R R | G R ?\.{*}‘“Q‘%-\&%Q" i 5 R T TR R S RO \{C\S“\\\\\*K\Q-&\ §.§\ S RN SO N SN R N ‘?§¢ il e BRN R 4 AT o RN B ,:_:;z'z;?;.--,..:.-:2:;:‘:5;.'53" ; O S . %,*34 R\ IS RR B ¥ R ’ N N '_.":_::::'.‘...__:.:;:-:f' N | = %wwf W] 5 . &;#l:l:-':izl:I:i:f:i'?":"' % SRR B SNty 2 C:EE:::E"\'a:?:i:“\':-:‘ j ONRO G L SOPHIA {&s «%‘3\%&%@}3 2 N 3\\ N v HEALTH VERY POOR--- | RESTORED BY PE-RU-NA. Catarrh Twenty-five Years : ---Had a Bad Cough, Miss_Sophia Kittlesen, Evanston, Ill linois, U. Sp A, writes: “I have been troubled with eatarrh for nearly twenty-five years and have tried ;lnez}t;y cures for it, but obtained very little “‘l‘hen mi' brother "advised me to try Peruna, and I did. “My health was very poor at the time I began taking Peruna. I\Py throat was very sore and I had a bad cough. “Peruna hascured me, The chronie catarrh is gone and my health is very much improved. “I recommend Peruna to all my friends who are troubled as T was.” PERUNA TABLETS:—Some people pre fer tablets, rather than medicine in a é)uid form. Such people can obtain Peruna tab lets, which represent the medicinal ingredi ents of Peruna. FEach tablet equals one average dose of Peruna. Man-a-lin the Ideal Laxative. MARUFAGTURED BY PERUNA DRUG MANUFACTURING COMPANY, COLUMBUS, 0 S e B S R R Rapid curtain should follow every exhibition of ill temper. Mrs. Winslow’s Soothing Syrupfor Children teething,softens thegums, reducesinflamma tion, allays pain,cures wind colic, 25ca bottla There are many subwayg in the ground plan of politics, Capudine Cures Indigestion Pains, Belchinfi, Sour Stomach; and Heartburn, from whatever cause. It’s Liquid. Effects immediately. Doctors prescribe it. 10c., 25¢., and 50c., at drug stores. Time for Them to Grow. A Dballerina whose dancing has tak en America by storm praised in New York Amerjcan railways. “How splendid, how fast your rail ways are,” she said, with her slight French accent. ‘“You have no slow trains, have you? Ah, with us it is different. . “Once in the spring on one of our London suburban lines a train stop ped and a passenger leaped out gnd entered a field gayly. ““What are you going to do?’ shout ed the guard. “‘I am going to gather a nosegay,’ said the passenger. “‘But, said the guard, ‘there are no flowers thereabouts.’ “‘I know, said the passenger, tak ing a packet from his coat, ‘but I have a packet of seeds here.”” A Candid Answer, Here is an incident that really oc curred in a school in a Massachu setts town: A little girl was discovered in the waisle between the desks performing antics, when the teacher, who had stepped out of the room for a few minutes, after first requesting the children to be orderly, returned. “Why do I see you there and not in your seat, Nelly?” asked the teach er. “Because I did not see you coming back,” answered Nelly promptly.— New York Times. DR. TALKS OF FOCD Pres. of Board of Health. ‘““What shall I eat?” is the daily in quiry the physician is met with. I ' do not hesitate to say that in my ‘ judgment a large percentage of dis ease is caused by poorly selected and improperly prepared food. My per ' sonal experience withthe fully-cooked food, known as Grape-Nuts, enables me to speak freely of its merits. “From overwork I suffered several years with malnutrition, palpitation of the heart and loss of sleep. Last summer I was led to experiment per sonally with the new food, which I used in conjunction with good rich cow’s milk. In a short time after I commenced its use the disagreeable symptoms disappeared, my heart’s ac tion became steady and normal, the functions of the stomach were prop erly carried out, and I again slept as soundly and as well as in my youth. “I look upon Grape-Nuts as a per fect food, and no one can gainsay but that it has a 2 most prominent place in a rational, scientific system of feed. ing. Any one who uses this food will soon be convinced of the soundness of the principle upon which it is man ufactured and may thereby know the facts as to its true worth.” Read “The Road to Wellville,” in pkgs. ““There’s a Reason.” Ever read the above letter? A new one appears from time to time. They are genuine, true and full of human interest. 3