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About The Rockdale banner. (Conyers, Ga.) 1888-1900 | View Entire Issue (Feb. 2, 1899)
REPLIES TO INQUIRIES INFORMATION AS FURNISHED BY THE STATE DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. POINTS ON MANY SUBJECTS Best Months to Sow Wheat In North and Middle Georgia, Probable Peach Output, Etc. m£!tH, Question An™.™ —Please publish in your to Qoa*tion»" torn. formulae for making composts, and also for mixing fertilizers. Answer. — The department takes pleasure in answering the above re auest a* it shows a disposition to di minis'll the cost of your guano bills, and it i* to be hoped that the same intention exists in the mind of every farmer in Georgia. formulae for composts. Stable manure................ 600 lbs Acid phosphate................ 800 lbs Cottonseed.................... 400 lbs Kainit........................ 200 lbs or Stable manure.. 750 lbs Cottonseed meal 160 lbs Acid phosphate. 800 lbs Hardwood ashes funleached)., 300 lbs or (stable manure.............. . 900 lbs Acid phosphate.............. . 800 lbs Nitrate of soda............. . 100 lbs Muriate of potash ........... . 60 lbs Kainit, or hardwood ashes... . 160 lbs Total. 2 000 lbs To mix, put down a layer of friable manure 2-4 inches thick, on tliat j . a a thin layer of cottonseed, or mo .l, or nitrate of soda, on that a layer of kainit or ashes, and on that a layer of acid phosphate. Repeat the layers until the pile is as high as yon want it, aud then cover with 6 inches of dirt to prevent leaching. Wot each layer thoroughly as you go along. If too much heat should develop wet thoroughly again, The compost will be ready for use in si:; to seven weeks. Before hauling to tho field cut the pile down vertically with hoe* or spades aud mix thoroughly. A GOOD MIXTURE FOR COTTON, CORN, ETC. Acid phosphate (16 per cent available)................... 1 000 lbs Cottonseed meal (8 per cent am inonia) t; <(> b 3 Kainit (12 per cent potash).... 400 lbs - Total 2 000 lbs FOR SAME ON SANDY SOIL. Acid phosphate (10 per cent available)................... 900 lbs Cottonseed meal (8 per cent am¬ monia) ... ............... 600 lbs Kainit (12 per cent potash).... 600 lbs - Total 2- 000 lbs FOR PEACH, PEAR AND PLUM TREES, Acid phosphate (16 per cent available)................... 900 lbs Cottonseed meal (8 per cent am¬ monia).................. ... 600 lbs Kainit (12 per cent potash).... 600 lbs Total. 2 000 lbs Mix thoroughly with hoes or shovels, on a tight floor, making sure to pound up the lumps you are certain to find iu the kainit. By mixing the fertilizers yourself you will save not less than $2 per ton, and #ucli wqrk euu be done under shelter on falny days. — State Agricultural De¬ partment. IVacIi Output lu Georgia. Question— h poach culture in Goor gia likely to bo ovordauo? Answer— I think not. It is true that the acreage of peaches will be greatly increased by this season's planting, ami that the demand for peach stock can with difficulty be filled by the nursery men. There will not. however, bo a greatly increased acreage of bearing W#o#, and the corresponding incre ;s. in additional n,„k., S . and popnlan »f thtwi. pdach. will nano than offset tho increase. Thor 1 iru-.*t be a largo planting annually to keep up tho present acreage, as peach trees are short lived and many die each year from various causes. It is probable that fully one-third of the trees planted this sea ■on will never come into bearing. To grow peaches profitably requires greatest attention. Proper cultivation and fertilization, careful pruning and treatment for insect pests and diseases, are necessary to success, aud at least one-third of the orchards of the state do not receive such attention, aud they go down. The San .Toss scale has caused the destruction of over 100,000 trees dur ing the past season, and probably as many more will be destroyed before tho winter is over. If the borers are neg lected for two or three years, and dur ing that time the trees produce a heavy crop, the drain made upon their vitality by the borers and the production of the crop, will cause a large proportion of them to die. Intending planters should not bo dis couraged by these statements, for they are encouraging to those’who intend to give their orchards the proper care Money can be maile in Georgia by the intelligent fruit grower It is estimated tw *!>.. ' -v, b glowers alone . have net tea over $1,000,000 during tho past sea aon. One party sold four cars of peaches for $6,468, and his entire shipmeute amounted to 90 cars. Some growers re¬ ceived poor returns on account of bad handling, poor packing and rascally commission merchants, but good fruit, well handled and properly shipped, gave very satisfactory returns. I be¬ lieve there will never be an over pro¬ duction of choice peaches.—State Agri cultural Department. Mules With the Stagger*. Question.—T wo of my mules have died with staggers. Is there any rein edy for it. and what causes it? Aksw.;i,-T here are two varieties of “ ; «*»»% “ “‘" d ' and au cpy staggers, according to the symptoms displayed by the sick animal, In blind staggers the animal rushes around recklessly, running against or falling over any obstruction in his way. In icepy staggers the affected horse or mnle appears dull and stupid, standing qu c,iy .ith lowered head, or perhaps with its head pressing against a fence or wall. The disease, however, is the same in both ases, and being a brain disease, is v cy hard to relieve or control. Some of the horse books assert that it is caused by over gorging, but from my own ex "iice I am sure it is brought on by 'ing damaged or rotten corn. It is th- general sentiment among farmers th;;: there is more damaged corn this yt ,r than they ever know before, at tri: triable no d-ubt to tho continuous rains of last summer. Numerous com ji; ii ts of this disease are coming to this dej j tu) :i!i, aud I fear that the loss on * tl \ ; score will bo heavy throughout the state. areful In feeding horses that and they mules get be J very to sec no damn god are likely to meet 1 corn, or you V]t h losses from this very fatal disease. ; Y.'i-.-n i b s disease is fully developed lit t , , r noaiihir c m be done to save the r ; but if upon its first appearance pro; jr tn ] r ut is resorted to many ( ; can be cured. The treatment con E; . t . j u promptly bleeding the animal freely, and giving a good dose of salts or od _ [f t bl . medicine does not act in t-vo and a half dr three hours the dose ghoul ; 1-e repeated. Prevention, how cv ,. r _ s ijettcr than cure, therefore yon should use every care’to keep damaged ( , ,, n (iU t of the horse stable.—State Ag rieultural Department. Wheat Sowing In Georgia. Qrr. on— Is it now too late to sow wheat? i . -.wiin—Good crops of wheat have i , „ 1V j j u t do middle and northern k tn ;i of tho state sowed as late as the middle of January. You should have sowed about the middle of Novem ber, provided the cold weather had by that, time destroyed the Hessian fly, which is very apt to ruin a wheat crop sowed before frost. To hope for a fair crop, planted at this late date, your ground must be rich, either naturally or by the liberal use 0 f fertilizers. Prepare the land with extra care for the reception of the seed, and do not fail to broadcast from 60 to 100 pounds of nitrate of soda to the acre when the spring growth com mences. Theu with a favorable season yon may make a fair crop of wheat. Be sure to follow your wheat crop with pi s sown broadcast; they will not only you a splendid crop of hay, but williso enrich your soil with nitrogen, the most costly of plant foods. PEAR BLIGHT. Bout1iex*i& Treatment For Lc COnt« anil lvieffer Pent* Tree*. Wlu n a pear orchard is badly blight ei, the owner writes to everybody who claims know anything ou tho subject, and every one will write him to prune prune, prune, when really the truth ia that the in ore he prunes the worse will be the blight. When on orchard isbadly blij 3, the thing to do is to let it alone : 1 mvletoly as possible. Don’t prune a > dou’t plow it or do anything else *° ,r tbat wiJ1 ® ,imT,lc1e tbe Tha ^ '.ro'certainly ia bad s**pe for two i et them alone till tbs trees make J d ' d “ n "SiU^l.h « r .»wth Don't nnltivntn thu » • , , In- a , m K,l»l. ;re goad f«rm& Apply broad ‘ 500 pounds of each to the acre. 1 . v.: 11 do good; more will do more ! ‘1 wit in lightly, say three or inches. This should h« den* ia the w tween Dec. 1 and Jau 16. If u arlier, vegetation is too much in the way. If done Inter, there will he q JipJ 1 f causing the .trees to bloom too e.r.. May give the orchard another alien, most advantageously pUlaJ dona c. :awny h„„»w. .bowl uuh depth as before. The season ■ c -rive ' the ’ same fertilizers a and - ,. lWe plowing#. , . If ,, the trees are j r vigorous, leave off the May plow ID:,*. When you have starved out the blight find have got tlie trees to where they niase but s all growth annually, v * l is will be just before you commence tho 4 fertilising and plowing described lUC u u is i. the tat t<me unit tonrnne to prnne, prune, Drnue , Don t prune with a knife or : i, but with a saw baw off the ^ blighted limbs, the straggling i X hafiug limbs aud the very t o Cut them half in two, •» the tree neatly one-half. * , , aancal3y: ,, . f 1T t — ‘ ..ar w**as weeds"er^turn^nnd^r'“n or turn unaer • .‘ u r ro P ' 5t “7 vegetehle growth, i omi count blight a blessing, for you ^ 'll have studied the requireaueota of p ; ;,r trees aud supplied their needs, saya ii. \Y. Etcne of Georgia in Tho Rural Nov Yorker. OLD BLUNDER THAT FARMERS SHOULD AVOID IN THE COMING YEAR. RAISE SUPPLIES AT HOME Time Hus Arrived to Stop Relying ou a Crop Which Sells Below Cost or 1 ro uc ou. - Atlanta, Jan. 1, 1899. *>» ^ginning ot tb. ns and 1898, with all its hopes and dis appointments, is a thing of the past. It will bo well for each of ns at this time, before we commence our work for the year, to take a calm and thoughtful view 0 f the situation, and then to act as become sensible men. What, then, do we find to be the con clition of the average Georgia farmer at this time? After working 12 months to make and gather a large cotton prop, be a ny money left from its sale? I Ba y emphatically no. Those farmers are fortunate indeed who have been able to pay the debts incurred by them in mak i ng t b e last cotton crop, the vast ma jority having unpaid accounts against them either for guano, meat, corn or goods of other kinds, Has the average Georgia farmer a gu pp ]y of corn, oats, hay and fodder, w ith which to feed his stock of every kind until he can make another crop? Has he plenty of homemade meat and floor aud syrup, with which to feed all bands on his farm for the next ten months? Are his mules, and horses, and catt j e) and hogs, and sheep in good or d er and well cared for, nowin the midst of a cold, long winter? Has he an abundance of poultry of all kinds, W ell housed and well fed? Has he plenty of good milk and butter from graded Jersey or Holstein cows? Has he a rich garden from which he can daily gather the winter vegetable toadd to his bill of fare? To all these ques¬ tions I must regretfully answer no. Aud yet I assert positively that all these are within easy reach of every land owner in Georgia who will throw off the curse of all cotton growing, and return to the ways of our fathers. Shall we continue to grow and sell cotton below the cost of production (to the great delight of the balance of man¬ kind, who care nothing for our suffer¬ ings) until total ruin overtakes us, or shall wo make a united and determined effort to raise our own supplies in abun¬ dance, and thus make our cotton crop an absolute surplus? I see no hope for onr farmers save to adopt the latter plaii and stick to it regardless of the price of cotton. Don’t delude yourself with the idea that your neighbors will diminish their cotton acreage and there¬ fore you will increase yonrs in the hope of getting a good price. There could be no greater mistake of judgment than this, as tho selfish farmer so acting will find to his cost at the end of the season. If Georgia made no cottoii this year, the loss would doubtless bo made up by the yearly increased acreage of rich cot ton lands brought into cultivation west of the Mississippi river. We had better prepare oe,selves for a tog period of low-priced cotton, for the outlook prom ises nothing else, and being prepared, wo can better endure such a calamity. For » years we have relied ... eo.to alone with which to purchase every thing else. During that time we have made not less than 20,000,000 of bales, Worth at a moderate estimate, fully $800,000,000. What has become of this vast amount of money, which, if kept at home, would have made us one of tho richest states in tho Union? It has all gone to pay the farmers and manufac turers of the north and east for supplies of various kinds, every item of which we could and should have produced within our own borders. Suppose we had made only 10,000,000 bales in the past 33 years, and in addition had prodnced a11 the SUppHeS that ' ve ^ ftve ^ ou8dt from other states, “ « »« -« '» bntt.r off by *400.000,000 (ban wo arc at present? The entire property of the state, cities included, is now but a little over $400,000,000, and the farmers of Georgia ought ~ alone to have been richer h _ thi . t am011Jlt ’ h „ d thev y not been de!ud ® d by th , ° * ,, ll aotton fallacy . „ - ^ ok around f ou iu 3 ’our different communities and note the successful farmeas of your acquaiutau.ee; invaria bly you will find them to be the men who "ai.ed have diversified their So.L crops and ,bcir aappb,,. or section ” can ’brosner -prosper that that relies relies entirely entirely on one crop. Kansas tried it with wheat, uutil most of ber farms we remortgaged ruin' 11 ew - a utter ‘ 11111 ' itls . said, by the “hen . the cow.” ana Now, with diversified farming, she is again on the road to prosperity. I write as a farmer to farmers know, in g and appreciating appreciating the tne difficulties difficulties in in the way, but I believe they can all be overcolue bra ' persistent [ and determined ., T , p 1 lt „ / „ 0 " ' means advise the abandonment of cot ton culture, for we have no other money crop upon which we can with absolute certainty . depenu; . -sit-i but I do urge upon, ana p! ' ead ,nth each ana e J el 7 l3mer iu the state, to plant no seed of cotton, until he tuts planted such an acreage of 1 • ‘ p 1 3 * °w on lii« land, that, let the season be dr - v ° r wet, ho will bo assured of ftbnn daut and varied provisionerops. In ad- dition to tr, this li- let p nroner P® attention be given to the raising ot stoc .. I kinds, particularly cattle, hogs and poultry. With proper management, it is easier and cheaper to raise a pound of pork or , pend of any kind of peltry, than « i B to raise a pound of cotton, and yet a pound of pork is worth as much and a pound of poultry from two to three times as much as a pound of cotton. The papers stated that Atlanta alone used 10,000 turkeys on day, and I venture to say that nine tenths of them came from Tennessee and Kentucky. What a commentary on onr method of farming ! A . good , , beginning . has . , been __. made in the right direction in the sowing of the largest wheat crop probably in the late history of the state. A fair crop of fall oats . , has also . , been planted, T , , , but . the or>T _ age should be doutiled or trebled with oat delay. Prepare to plant a good corn crop, not to. than ... unmo.otk. plow; and be sure to either field peas in your corn at the last plow ing, or dron them on, or by the side of the corn rows at the the second second plowing. nlowinfi- Then prepare not less than five acres to the plow for such crops as gronndpeas, po tatoes, sugarcane, millet, etc. After that ’ rmt p *ph nerpq ’ ‘ -,- u i no more in cotton, regardless ot who may advise you to the contrary. A crop like this will give you L 25 acres to the plow, and that that is i- enough nn( rh fn.- foi Nnrrh liorth Pemrfa Georgia. though in Middle and Sou Georgia, a few more acres might be cultivated in corn or groundpeas. Rnv Buy as a q little littif, guano miann as possible, nnssible but but use all the homemade fertilizeis that you can get together between this and planting time. ’ btop buying i hoehandles, v„ ashelves, l i hames and other things that jou can and should make at home on rainy days, Never "e'er go t0 to town town wFh %>ldl an ° empty mpty wagon, but always carry something to sell, if only a load of wood. Buy nothing on credit if you can pos siDiy siblv avoid avoid it Better better suffer suffer some some pri- pn vations than go in debt. If we would be independent and perous, wo must farm on the lines sug gested. No other road will If ad us out of the woods ii* which we are now al* most hopelessly lost—but if we will fol low low the the course course I I have have endeavored endeavored to to blaze out, we will in a short time be a happy, prosperous and contented people. In the laudable effort to become self sustaining, all must lend a hand. The merchants mswimniQ ami and Hia the landlords lmdini-riamn can greatly aid m the good work by not insisting tliat their customers and tenants shall plant a large cotton crop in order to get cnnnlips P P * ■ This pnnran ' 5 ’ inriiortn L r,nr p sued, has resulted . greatly *. .' m increasing the cotton acreage, to the serious in j»o-I me, „e« a, rnto-ol ah hands concerned. If they would try the opposite course, extending aid and credit only to those who make their food sr.ppl.es, bow differ... and how gratifying would be the result. I ap peal particularly to the merchants, who, by their insistence on a large cotton before oredi. weld be oalebded, have piactically killed the goose that laid the golden egg. ” Let them “face about” and refuse credit to their cue tomera who may contemplate planting ft large cotton acreage. If such a course should be adopted and carried out, it needs no gift of prophecy to foretell that a vast amount of poverty and snf fering would be banished from our State. I am more than willing to help on this good cause by every means in my power, f^ 16 greatest reward that the con duct of this department could offer me would be the satisfaction of feeling that ^ degree, ad a > dad m . restoring ^ though to in the a very suffering small ““‘f' — ptospemy which .hoy once enjoyed. G. B. otevens, Gommissioaer. 7 ~ ~ °', wr ,e * OKt ' Start 0 . ... the plows as soon as possible, ... and finlsh sowing wheat and oats. Take advantage of every day when the ground is i„ suitable condition and speed the ploW) that you may be ready to plant the vario „ s crops at the proper time, Subsoi ] ( or at ]east double furrow as muc j 1 o£ y 0nr laud as possible, particu ... “* “T “«?’ S< " Sh , ”“ aUa " u ” artane * Arrange ior a good garden by heavy manuring rC and deep , = j nd * in m bouth c n „»n Georgia plant th ° hardler Tegetab es the latter part of the month. Daring the many days that jt will be too wet to plow, repair the fences, gates, terraces, etc. Make your ?0Uip0Sti; mis your fertlhzers; . ... haul , 3eaTes and keep ^ stoek ^ eU ^ed; gQod bomemade handles iu all your . , fz!* d kpo „ I f tnwn m„. much of this month is often inttered away in comparative idleness, many f arii! p r3 thinking thev hare plenty *„ of ti , d in . vhi( , h to nr(1 ‘ * * , , ^ ^or p^untiiiaTj , .. mid . tueu ,, suouiG . _ ,, keli* niarv aud Mareh verv wef> plaaling time wifi catch them unprepared. „ Kainti , M neater „ Th»n _. „ Muriate- , , “Throughout the entire south wo Bot j c6 a tendency among farmers to purchase kamit in preference to the other salts of potash, we presume be cause it is lowest in price cer ten, ” re marks a writer in Texas Farm and R“<f "At™ n toiulf a. US :-y„„ than a tea of muriate sr $ 45 ; wriie the freight on each would h> the sane, the former would contain but 240 pounds Of pure potash to tho tcu. while the iat ter is half potash, or 1.000 pounds to the pea Ub the sewe et economy, if from lift other cause, ibis Is.lit* tt$t «kos*.4 k<- - .llC. S4r, QUERIES AND REPLIES INFORMATION FOR FARMERS AS FURNISHED BY COMMIS , - sTFVFNS * * ---. UQ5iT 0 N VARIOUS SUBJECTS _ 0llt „ c „„ Be B „ stored, tae Eradication of Ber inuda aud Other Grasses. Georgia Question.—I have am just a bought new comer to and a farm in Cobb ’ county. f One | ^6^“^ ? grow Eh of p nes> alld ti e i alJ d is s;u d to be worn our. Can this land be re scored, and if so how? It lias a clay subsoil. Answer.—N o laud in Georgia is “worn out,” it it has a clav ' subsoil, and the top goil is not all wash d away . B y continuous planting of a single crop the plane food preferred by that crop may be so reduced in the soil that good re suits can no longer be attained. 0r a long snccessi0!1 of clean culture crops—such as cotton—might so exhaust the humus in the s< «£»£* nQt mean that the ]and is wom ont by au y means, for judicious cropping for a few years will make it fertile* My ad vice is to cut down the pines at once and burn them on the land. Then break the ground c!ose and deep> and afterwards harrow in a bushel of “Burt” oars to the acre, harrowing in with the onts *100 pounds of a good, complete fer tilizer. As soon as the oats are bar V0sted bl . oadcasi; and p i ow ; u ; to 5 pecks of field peas to the acre, turning under with the peas 200 pounds of aide phosphate ^ * and 100 pounds * of kainit. his wm insnre flne f an(i a g COci ot - Y j ueg the peas when ripe, but let the vines remain upon the land. About Nov. 1 tTiru nud “ r the dead pea vines and sow . fejj of Georgia raise d rye to the to be turned under in tiie spring J before it runs up to head. The turning under of the pea vines and rye ^ will furnish sufficient humus to ^ tov , arrallt the p i antiug of a co v n or cotton neeZf cron afterwards Huimm is the great most of onr lands that have been cropped so long in cot ton, and-without its presence the appli cation of commercial fertilizers is money thrown away. A judicious rotation of crops, in which the sowing of field peas should always hold a f prominent place, nt exhausCi( u of humusin the soil, and would diminish the amount of gocalled worn out land in Georgia.— State Agricultural Department, Pay From Mills and Butter. several Question.—I can sell the gallon, milk from I cows at 20 cents a or can sell the butter made from the same 30 cents a pound . whio h will pay the best? Answer,—T he sale of the milk will bo much more profitable than the sale of the butter at the prices mentioned, The milk from an average dairy cow ^ m oontaln £rom 3 to 5 per cent, of tint ter iat One pound of butter fat will make a little more than 1 pound of but ter. Therefore it would take 33}^ pounds, or 4 gallons of milk testing 3 per cent of butter fat to make 1 pound of b , jtter j t wou j d take 25 pounds of milk, or 3 gallons, testing 4 per cent of p .‘ ’ f^ 1^7“,|KSi/! . con ( . Qf bRt r would ta t, to make 1 pound o£ butter. You thus get in tho first place SO cents, in the second 60 ’ 5S*U?^«6ata5hS!.'S eacd case would only bring you 30 cen ta, of course, in making the'butter, you would have the buttermilk left, £ vatoto «»£« f odowdlg tab ; e g j ve tde exacl; Bum . ber of pounds of milk required to make iat Fa t in Milk. 1 ib Batter. 2.8..............................81.1 ££;;;;;;:;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; i © ?? 8.4 .............................. 25. iO 3.<i..............................24.2 ' !.... 4 4-© ........ 21. 4 ^................. ■ 1| CG ...!.,.....!............ ! h* 5 . 0 17 **• 5.4..............................16. >-* ............................. d P o!!" "!!!! *!!! 11!!!!!!!!!!:!! Imb 1 P r* miik i5 A quart of weighs 2. pounds. —> state Agricultural Department. , raiT „._ taa , to take one of my best fields in spite of all my efforts to get rid of it. give me directions by Which 1 oan ester. minafe itf ' Answer. -If tho grass is • confined , to °ne field I would not try to eradicate it, bat 'Tf aId rat ber ^^nrage its growth, fhe^eaSe h rirT ^st paTtum^e thk“t von'could possibly have for all kinds of stock and would iu that way pay yon better than any laud op your farm Our farms ia this state have too little land feed. feed, teed, ior »,“ 12 d months 'Mf !ote m thq T ear - to the detriment^of oqr pockets and injury of our stooa, that are never so he8 Uhv as when on a good pasture. If yon are determined to get rid of the Bermuda grass the folldwmg plan will answer the purposes, living as you do in North Georgia: As a freeze will kill the Bermuda grass roots, you should at once bring them to the surface by running un1e? f hea > ' nth a turning plow, just deep enough . to get under the roots. After a freeze, harrow the ground “Bart” thoronghiv being and sow iu oats, the variety preferable at thi3 late date iu the season. As soon as you harvest the oats, sow down in cow P® as T je raie °f five to six packs to the acre. ^ Xii© , s ra s s “so roots that through Bscaosd tlie thl ze wm be shaded spring aud summer by the oats and poa vines 'hat most of fhoiu will die °at ad the remainder will be very muca cateebied. Bright suamino ia essential for a vigorous .rowth of thia grass, and continuous shade results ig its certain death. second If necessary, repeat th-j^ treatment the ft year, h oaiy turning g -rdr T ,?s t0 i .f snrface after each . KS' era hears tha: ]> a grass. — state Agriouitui® Be linens. ever thf [“antmg'a^ be strewn along it. ground middles, I advise the u^o W*** pea, dropping one every L 3 mcnes. Planted with the , broken they will take ap ’ bnt ln m J experience you ^ stand. They should planted get a th he in s Way immediately after corn. Many, however, prefer P ellin the peas, and in that r- 6 i 3 should be done two ® l>hn ^Z to th wml ^ Some farmer differ with me in ,„1 1 “' planting regard o b earl y of the aim , lea ,■ 10ned but '- crops, from long oh earT” 0 / 1 ° f resnlts am satisfied that 1 crop gives the head of t yield Gr eai should ' care be u««rt 'thoro • is°* , 8ee d com, as ^ amount of damaged corn thk* season much of which is bar 1 t to a detect with. i . f , . i ,, 00 kj ug ears hav^^^ntt^f ve a rotten 117 cob, with 01 » the ■ discolored GU cannot be too and ctlnR careful in Y- S ®if se ed as the en t} ’ \ R b kiddie and Aua uSSnf upper portions , dS of th$ Dfr ^ate . tna „ o same general directions P ou ing will that f os app.y, save thetim# „n^ P a 1 !£ f®:L later ,.^ Ild later “swa ‘ A: 1 r . *u« 1 r tremes of the state. When the monn. a 11 s ?° lc ‘ ! 1 J* 5 rea ched ground peaj , a , ^ , Pe profitable “® ^ id p fu sh i >u ld , a be saDs ^ted crop, and f them. The advice - to 7 feet c » as rows f 0 , corn, of conrse, applies only to uplands, 1M UT er and creek bottoms will beal “a® , . o a y cane should a so be planted t „ tbfl j^st be deeply of this broken month. and 1 he well ground fertilized shonl^ fo* lS “ 1G stalks are long cni . J® 4 the the whole l! \ ldant in 3 p ’ ece f f stalks lap, , for one-third of their length. By tin* pian you wiu^ get a, better stand. Commercial fertilizers are best fcf BU " ar ca | ie , as stable manure heavily apphed gives the syrup a dark color aul an unpleasant taste. Tnere is very lit. pi ont in making s *iup to scij w at lo to 18 cents a gallon, as at P r6s o^ t; but if greater care were used, resnltmg in a fine article of syrup, and tne same should be put up m half-gal. and gaiAon umi^, attractively * belleve cane-growing could t» ” lade Y ery P rof;tabic , ' rhe ma P le 6 ? ra 3 from the norm is put , up m this way, aad re;ui ’ ‘>’ se better h® fo. than high prices, best thongli noc a our eanj s >' r ’ a P- J-ne.e is great room tor inn P r °Nement here. Irish po atoes shon'4 be planted thu inenth, also all hardj garden vegetables, bhould a cold snap threaten atter they are up, cover lightly with straw or leaves, which will afford ample protection. Don’t fail to mak« every effort to have a good garden, fot no other ground on the farm will pay one-fourth as ntnch on the investment will a fertile and well-cultivated garden, It is to be hoped that you have given ample care to your stock of varionl kinds during the severe weather through which we have passed. A good thick as bed much of straw appreciated or^ leaves by under your stock shelter, aur* J ing cold and wet winter nights, as yon» own comfortable bed is by yourself. merciful man is merciful to his beast, and will ®J ® ur improvident farmers will permit nerrnil their cows to stand all night m a wet lo; drawn up in fence corners, shivering with cold and hunger, while their hogi oKb^tbUTnS old outhouse, S3 in the dust under some This picture is not overdrawn, but catt be seen in every neighborhood in thl SS ot SfafSSto h&* better care of your animals, you best sell them to some neighbor wh® will care for them. This nnstreatmen g.S?43KS2 and will quickly disappear, when ot® people learn that there are many arm ^itlL^^e'aLunfof weTw^thot thre® that we have had during the past months has very much delayed th# work of the plow, but we must not ott ou““ wd? wh en tooV™. Thi would be almost certainly fatal to tk# cr0 p that follows and might diminish the productiveness of such land for mV ^ayftod plenty attention, of 1 work whether on his plaos ith# requiring his gained by wet or dry, and nothing is plowing the land when not in prop# ^sap'plies not only to The the passage^ top^ but the subsoil as well the plow through either, when iWtSZTS&SZlSStSS 1L ^“ toTclop “ E. « Commissioner of Agrieoltnrft Rise of Foam In Churns. Question.— Why is it that sometime in churning foam will rise in the enura and it will take hours for the butter to “come?” Answer.—O ne of the best autkoritiei on the subject gives the following rev sons for the condition you mention: 1. The temperature is not right— nl* ually the cream is too cold in the chnrn. 2. The cream may have been kept to# long- “strip* . . 3. The cream of a “farrow” or per” cow may be causing the trouble. 4. The cream may be too thin—6” rid of some of the skim-milk. 5. The cream may be too thick-ado# little skim-milk or water. 6. Tho churn is too full. To make good butter the cream whe* churned should have temperature 1 a between 55 and 75 degrees. If the tea* perature is below 55 degrees the butte* will “oome” readily, and if ab °T* I not degrees tho product is apt to be a w butter. Overchnrning ^ spongy mustbj to be guarded against, and care taken to stop the churning at the where the butter separates itself 0 the milk. Otherwise the granular » and character of the bu pearance have_ will be lost, and you will fatty product—State Agncult partmenk ___
