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Talk with farmers
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XI1KV ARK l'K(iKI) TO PI.AN'T A
still LARGKR acrkamk
IN (inAIX.
A FINE YIELD OF WHEAT
»Ir. Bridge*’ 'tothod* of Cultivation
1’rodttce Good lipatills—-Air. (.ox *
Kxperiiucnls Also Successful.
Nov. 15, 1900.
Last year the farmers of Georgia put
mere land in wheat than ever before
and were rewardod with a rich harvest
of golden grain. We again urge o still
larger acreage of wheat and other grains,
Tbo raising of all the home supplies is
the road to independence. With every
thing in tlio way of necessary food raised
at home, the farmer need not
uneasy about the price of cotton. If it
is high, his profits are good; if low, he is
not. burdened with debt. It will *oon be
too late to plant wheat. Whatever is to
be done on that line must be done at
once Mr. W. J. Bridges of Spalding
county, who on 4 acres last spring made
an average of 85 bushels of wheat to the
acre, says that “wheat should never be
sown until after the first big frost in
November, for then it will stand more
successfully tlio ravages of the fly or
small grub that begins at the root find
saps tlio vigor from tbo young shoots."
As Mr. Bridges has made such a suc¬
cess of wheat growing, we give his
method in his own words:
“As to the land that I planted In
wheat this year, I gave it a heavy coat¬
ing of manure in the spring and then
planted it in cotton. After I had gath¬
ered the crop, I rippod out the stalks
and then turned the land over with a
two-horse plow, following that with a
cut away harrow, then rolling it with a
heavy roller. My wheat was then put
in with a drill, using about 400 pounds
of a special high grade potash fertilizer
at the same time. Iu planting the
wheat I put in 105 pounds, or 1 bushel
and 3 pecks to the acre.”
He used the blue stem variety of
wheat, aud before planting soaked it in
blnestone, putting a pound of it into
enough water to wet the wheat thor
oughly. It takes about a gallon of wa¬
ter to every two bushels of wheat. The
blnestone should bo dissolved iu boiling
Water. Tho land on which ho made
this largo yield is a gray, loamy top soil
with an undersoil of stiff red olav. On
It! acres which lmd been planted in
wheat for three consecutive years Mr.
Bridges made an averago of nbont 44> k
bushels to the acre. His wheat wa*
made on uplands.
Mr. Thomas H. Oox, who, on 4
acres of land in Washington county,
made 38 bushels of wheat to the acre,
says that his laud was a light gray and
that ho sowed 2 bushels of tho blue stem
variety per acre broadcast and plowed
It as deep as he could with siugl*
plows, using as a fertilizer about 78
bushels of cottonseed. He sowed lit!
crop the middle of November and gath
ered it May 20. His land was elevated
but well terraced.
Mr. W. F. White, who, on 4 nero!
In Jotios county, made an average of 24
bushel* to the acre, Wrote to the Depart¬
ment of Agriculture that. Ills land wa*
what is known ns red land, clay subsoil)
that lie broke up this laud with a one
horso Haimau stock, using a common 4
inch turn plow. He used 26 bushels of
cottonseed to tho acre, and sowed 1
bushel of wheat to tho aero on Nov. 16
and reaped May 18. He sowed blue
stem broadcast, plowed wheat in with
4 inch turner mid ran over land with
Thomas’ smoothing harrow, Before
planting he soaked the wheat for 24
hours in a solution of li^ pounds of
blnestone to 6 bushels of wneat, keeping
it well covered under water for tho time
mentioned, and then rolled it iu slacked
lime.
RYE.
lion. J. M. Smith of Oglothorpe
comity, than whom there is no mors
successful planter in Georgia, regard!
rye ns a very important crop, both fot
winter grnziug aud for cutting in early
spring before other crops come on al
green feed for cattle, mules and horses.
This same land Is then in fine condition
to put into corn and peas; or, if desired,
it can be well fertilized and planted in
cotton, of which, if seasons are propi¬
tious, it is possible to make a fp.ll lats
crop. Whenever it is desired to make
two crops on the same land, it should
be well fertilized each time. If it is not
desired to use this laud for hay, it can
be grazed until late iu the spring and
the sod turned under to make a good
soiling for a future crop. Where this ii
done, almost any crop, which follow*
the rye, will do well
BiRIJEY.
Barley is generally sown about the
same time with rye. Although it is
generally better to tow both of these
crops earlier, yet for late winter and
spring i>astare they may be sown in
November, especially iu the latitudes of
.Middle aud Southern Georgia. For win¬
ter pasture nothing is better than bar-
?ey sowed broadcast. 3 bushels of seed
■to the acre. Any good or well fertilized
■oil, not too wet is suitable for burl
On this land of sod it should be o’.owed
iu and harrowed. Wuen land is poor
or, from as it is sometimes called, exhausted*
»*J to 75 bushel* of it seed
should be Sewn broadcast The faerlev
feed ibetu thru be W wm ^
»Uf,n%a»r. a in* will grsatly increase th«
pas’arag* and grain. Another plan,
which will work equally well, is, after
sowing the barley to pat on a top dress
ingof lanyard manor* or cottoaseed
meal and harrow it in. Barley need*
rich land, and yet it will pay well even
ou rather poor land. It is better, prob
»bly, than anything else for winter pas
Mirage. After it has been grazed upon
and mowed, it renew* its growth rapidly,
04T*.
Krery practical farmer knows that on#
of th* most useful crops is oats. At
little expanse thovaid greatly in making
the farm salf sustaining. Not only are
they 0 »e of the best forage crops, but
'
1Jke b11 rh9 other .small grains, whenever
cultivated, they add materially to th*
f erti i,fy of the soil, giving to it a good
j^j-t of the plant food which it so much
need*. On the same quality of lands
crop nt oftt * w jn 0 frsn yield double that
Q j Bny orbgr grain.
Every farmer who haa not yet sowed
j,j s ottta should hasten now to put them
in.
Gratifying reports are coming in from
every section of the state concerning th*
diligence of the farmers in sowing their
small grain.
Theroisagood prospect of even alarger
production of wheat and other small
grain in the next season than in the last.
corn seed.
Now is a good time to collect your
corn seed for future planting. Be care¬
ful to select only the best ears, tho»<
that will secure the In*** results in quan¬
tity and quality. The most successful
crop will follow Tr the best prepared
land planted wit! seed.
THE ’
Carefully p ! > •■>an
ure collected ‘
aud horse lo
future use.
filled with 1 c\ p. r* ’
other straw t 44 t' .
the proper time -.-.r
farm that helps to fei... u a
enrich it with plant foou, > * 1,4
daring the fall and winter m,
that yon may have an abundant
of the best aud most lasting of all fort;
listers.
O. B. Stevens, Commissioner.
CONCERNING WHEAT.
The State Agricultural Department
Answer* a Question.
Hon. O. B. Stevens, Commissioner oi
Agriculture, Atlanta, Ga.:
What do yon consider tho propet
depth for sowing wheat?
No better reply to the above question
can lie given than to relate the experi¬
ments made several years ago by M.
Moreau of Paris, who formed 13 beds in
which ho planted 150 kernels of wheal
at various depths, with tho following
results:
At depth Came up No. heads No. grain!
7 inches. 5 68 888
15 140 3,620
20 174 8,813
4t„ 40 400 8,000
4 H’ 93 73 92 700 J 18,834 16,500
9 8 5 128 1,417 86,434
SJi 130 1,600 84,849
140 1,690 S3,480
1*4 143 187 1,060 35,830
1 1,601 36.073
H C3 520 15.5*7
on surface 30 107 1.000
The above table corroborates an opin¬
ion previously expressed hy this depart¬
ment that wheat should not be planted
at a depth greater than 2 to 2i a ' inches,
—State Agricultural Department.
BERMUDA GRASS.
Best Method of Cnlttvatl ig and liar*
vo.ting the Same.
Qurstionh. — We have 150 acres of
good meadow land in Greeno county, 60
or 76 acres of which are well sodded to
Bermuda. The remainder is not yel
elenred, aud and heavy is covered lergrowth with some i>ig
trees un and a lit¬
tle cane. Bermuda being indigenous to
the soil, we believe that wo would only
h»T# to clean up the laud aud cultivate
it a year or two before it would be aj
good land hay all laud as one would want. This
i« subject to over* nv, and we
would be pleased to have y<uir advice.
1. Will it ba better to let the. grass re¬
main, cultivate it, and iuvprovo it, or to
plant the land iu corn ?
9. If we let the grass remain, what is
the best method of cultivating Bermud*
gnu* on this kind of land?
3. If we have an overflow just when
the grass is ready to cut, is it better to
cut it as soon as the water recedes aud
the ground is bard enough and give ths
new crop a quick start, or try to make
hay of the grass that was overflowed?
4. is gras* that has been overflowed
and cut as soon as the water is off good
for anything?
Akswkr*.— 1. Knowing the reputa¬
tion of Greene county for grasses and
the large yield of Bermuda grass hay,
we do not hesitato to express the opin¬
ion that if your land is well set with
Bermuda it is worth as much perhap!
as any other crop that can be grown on
it. We are borne out iu this opinion by
the Rev. O. W. Howard, a recognized
authority on grasses. We would sag
gest that you let the 69 or 75 acres al¬
ready sodded remain in Bermuda. Cleat
the remaining acres of meadow land. It
might be well to put them iu corn fot
one or two rears. If, however, yon are
able to remove the stmupsat ouce, it
might be better to use the whole 160
acres of meadow laud for Bermuda al
once
9. The best way to cultivate Bermuda
prM * t *' nt ls sodded is to plow,
1011 * H l smoat b y° ur k* nd * so that it
** * s cveu p“»ribls. A good for
t * ll ** r for 8 rA *s is ordinary
coWonsew ^ me*’., which oontains from It
l ° M ^ °* nt ° f P ho *P horio Mid, 9 to I
PW * Bt awd 9 to 8 per oral
of potash. The best compost Is mad«
from barnyard manure, acid phosphate
and kaicic.
3 and 4. In case of the overflow ef
grass by water we hare this to ray: If
the overflowing water remains only a
abort while there will be no material
damage, if the grass is not left soiled
and muddy, but, if the water remain* r,
day or two and leave* the grass dirty, it
will not in that condition be good
atoclr unless it ba i*nti through a
corn shredder, which will remove the
dust and dirt, to a gfe.it extent. But, if
after a iew days’waiting, a good rain
should wash the grass clean, it would
make good bay after all. However, it
is generally best to cat grass that haa
been overflowed soon a.ier tars water re
cedes And the land dries out. In no case
would we mix hav which iias been over
flowed with a crop of undamaged hay.—
State Agricultural Depa rtmen t,
AS TO THE HESSIAN FLY
INSECT HAS MADE ITS APPEAR.
ANCE IN SOME SECTIONS
OF GEORGIA.
NOW TOO LATE TO FIGHT IT
Its Ravages on the Present. Orop Can*
not Be Stopped—Mot hod For Its
Extermination.
Hon. O. B. Stevens, Commissioner of
Agriculture, Atlanta, Ga.:
Dear Sir— Under separate cover I am
mailiug you a sample of my wheat,
Which up to a short time ago was look¬
ing very well indeed, but for the last
week or two it shows an evidence of
' -Me blight. Upon examination I find
-sect in the stem of the wheat be
of the ground and where
eral roots are found. I am
oat this insect is damaging my
>d would like for you to inspect
• i-aiid write me what it is and
i lie done in the matter.
. i:k.—T his insect has been re
. r<> the State Entemologist, Pro
r W. M. Scott, and ho pronounces
it to lie the Hessian fly, a woll known
wheat pest found all over the United
State*. It is now too late to prevent the
ravages of this pest upon the present
wheat crop. The treatment for this in¬
sect is preventive. The Hessinn fly is a
small, dark colored insect, resembling
somewhat the small mosquito. There
are two destructive broods, one appear¬
ing in the spring, and working at of
near the lower joints of the wheat,
Causing the stem to break down in all
directions, a condition commonly desig¬
nated ns “straw formed grain.”
The dormant stage of the insoct re¬
mains iu the stubble until fall, embedded
in the outer surface of the straw at or
near the outer joints, and protected by
the leaf sheaf. The full brood of the
adult fly emerges from the dormant or
“flax seed" stage, and the period of its
active flying or swarming varies with
the latitude and season. Tho eggs are
deposited on the leaves of the whont, on
Wheat sown early enough to be up be¬
fore the ending of the period of its
activo flying. Tho maggots hatching
from the eggs descend beUeat-h the leaf
sheaves to the base of the plant near the
top of the ground, and nud-r' the
ground, where they feed on the juices of
the tissue, and cause tho infested plant.)
to have a stunted, dark green or brown
appearance, and prevent the infested
shoots from’producing good heads of
grain next spring. The insect passes
tho winter iu the “flax seed” or “winter
dormant stage,” and the adults emerge
in the spring at periods varying with
tho latitude, altitude and season. Hence
we could not advise the sowing of wheat
iu tho section of Calhoun until after the
first good frost in the fall. The object
should be to sow as early as possible iu
the fall to get rid of the fly, and soon
enough for the wheat to got a good start
to prevent winter freezing, hence you
will see that just when to sow your
wheat is r very importnut matter to be
determined, nud the latitude, altitude
and the season play an important part.
But after all the experience and good
judgment of the planter must dictate
just when to sow his grain.
REMEDY SUGGESTED.
The remedy for the Hessian fly is:
1. Rotation of crops, planting the
same laud every three years after a clean
crop, as cotton.
3. After tho grain has been gathered
in the spring, in the full all the stubble
and refuse of the field should be raked
together and eflectually burned.
S. Some recommend late sowing as a
remedy to avoid the evil, since, if de¬
ferred until after the fly has laid it!
eggs the wheat escapes the first brood.
This, however is objectionable in re¬
spect to the crop not being thus able to
obtain a good start before the frost
comes, ami consequently, being liable to
winter killing.
4. Pasturing the crop with sheep for
a day or two, or mowing off the tops of
the plants aud feeding to stock iu order
to destroy the eggs, together with the
use of the roller, are means often em
ployed. Wo consider, though, burning
the stubble the most effectual remedy,
aside from that of giving host chanoo to
the crop to obtain a vigorous growth be
fore these pests make their appearance.
6. Another remedy recommended
is as follows: Sow a narrow strip oi
wheat around each field in August or
early in September, and defer as long as
rh6 poison svllf permit the sowing cf
the wheat from which the crop i* to b!
obtained. By this menu* the wheal
S0W n in the strip will make l*s appear
p.nce .flr.-t and most, of the eggs of th<
fly wi n ba i-yd npo a it. After tbit
pf . r i 0 d it should be plowed nndei
very deeply that fho eggs may be de
gt royod, and the latter wheat tlym sown.
The oarer drip may then be included
B i* a This method is said to bo vert
successful. It will destroy the fly arid
prote( , t the wh*at at. the sum- time,
Hoping this will prove satisfactory I art
Yours wry trntr,
Departm ON'T of Aonrctn/rtm*.
Atlanta, Ga.
DAIRYING IN GEORGIA.
Outlook Is Jlor« Knconraglng Ti>a<i
Ever IJefjre.
The dairy outlook for 1900 is more en¬
couraging in Georgia than for any rim*
in the past and those now engaged nt
the business may well enter upon the
new season with more than ordinary
confldenoe. Never before has this state
had more enthusiastic man at the fore¬
front of the dairy interest. They ar<
reaching out for new methods and hot¬
ter equipment in every branch of thi*
great industry. The dairy herds ar<
being continually improved. It is tru*
that there are yet many poor cows fonud
in the dairy herds, but the day of th*
“scrub" cow is rapidly passing.
We aro finding out that only tire ber-l
breods are worth the keeping, and Geor¬
gia is now pivting upon the market
gome of the best butter found in th*
United States. We were gratified t<
learn at the re ’out meeting of the Dairy¬
men’s association at Grifiiu that au ex¬
hibit of Georgia butter won the siivet
medal in a contest with the world’s but¬
ter at the Puric exposition. The butt*!
was made at the creamery in LaGran re.
E::-Governor Hoard of Wisconsin, wht
has made dairying a life time business,
was present at the Griffin meeting, and
delighted his audience of more than 6(H
dairymen from different sections of out
state, by saying that ho could see n<
reason why Georgia should not forage W
the front of the dairy states of thl
Union.
If the Georgia legislature will novt
give the dairymen an up to date veteri¬
nary surgeon, and make provision fot
the enforcement of the dairy laws non
on the statute books against the manu¬
facture of bogus butter, we see no rea¬
son why Georgia may not within tin
next decade make long strides toward
the fulfillment of Governor Hoard’s pre¬
diction. — State Agricultural Deport’
meat.
Ml To THE PATENT may our PATENT aid. be seeured Good Address, RECORD, by Idou
Subscriptions Bnltiniort, Mi.
to The Patent Beoora . COner *annm
A FRICANA will cure Constipation snd
is a wonderful Liver Medicine. Try I*
r*
Georgia
Railroad.
For information as to Routes.
Schedules, and Rates, both
i 2ZTJ& OlVuft a ill FnieU.
write to either of the undersigned.
You will receive prompt reply and
reliable, in formation.
C C Me VILLEN, A G JACKSON
G A Pass. Dept. GP A.
G H WILCOX, S A.,
Augusta, Gn.
S K Magi II, C. D Cox.
Gen’l Age. Cen’l Agt,
Atlanta. Athens.
W W ardwick, W C McMillan
Gen’l Agt. S. F, & r A.
Macon. Macon.
MR Hudson, W M McGovern.
T. F. & P. A. Gen’l Agt.
Atlanta, ca. Augusta
Ltunber l’ox* Sale..
j am prerared to fill lumber bills
on short, notice. If you need lumber
see Roy Swann or
M L Wood.
H. H. MCbONAL & SON
^-RESIDENT DENTISTS.^'
All work guaranteed to please
Office up stairs over J. II. Al
mand & Co’s, store.
Conyers, . . . . , . Ga
CITY SiRBER SHOP
HENRY REAGAN
PROPRIETOR.
^. v SliOp IS Comfortable.
Mv towels are clean,
My tools are alway8 keen,
My attention is respectful,
My aim—to please all.
Give me a call when you need
up.
Meat v
ew
1 have opened up a meat market in Corn r store iv
in Night building.
\kl\W keep n'\pa,
sausage
pr\cee.
\ soV\c\PY'r\ 'U '^Tro -
aste-otthe 'peoo\©_ 111 %
Give me o QeilL
■i
M. I. fea^ s
Wse
HEAD¬ -r QUARTER
■i
rx> i; spectacle:
ajxd EYE GLASSES
*0
The Galley Drag 1 Company
Bf§i£9S3
NEW STORE,
EB8BB3
I have opened a fancy and family grocery store in the cd
ner store room recently vacated by Carter and Street, in tj
D M.Almand building.
I respectfully invite the pepl<
to call on me and give me a portioi
of their trade,
I Will appreciate rV*\
»
patronage. 4,
% NP RICHARDSON,
77 l! W
f:
*r» -A
iL &
Owing doing to the Monroe crowd of shall work vsj
are at we n *
be able to open our photograph Nov ga 2 j
lery at Conyers until abont
When we do come you may expel
better than pictures ever known and for less in conyeij inon^
was
JORDAN & GOODMA
-T
STYLISH MILLINER) i
-Having bought out Mrs. Genie Hay
good’s millinery business I expect to otter
to the people, this season, a handsome line
of new and stylish millinery at low priees
It shall be my aim to please all custo
iners and I invite all to call and see me.
=====!
--1 have engaged Mrs. J. A. Guinn as
trimmer and feel sure that perfect satisfac
tion will be given all. Hoping to ha\e
your trade, I am
f
RESPECTFULLY,
Miss Lena Bishop.
