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EARLY AMUSEMENTS SHOWS EXfOYiCU IS\ \EW York ers A'li cximED h:aus ago. Queer Relic i Exhibited by IVnle, the Artiftt, in Philadelphia—\Yli? John Bonn in B repine n Shopkeeper. From ihe New York Post. Every one ]*ho has read the funny say ings of Arte nus Ward remembers that wonderful stt .w of his which he humor ously described as eonsisring of “three moral bares, a kangaroo ( a amoozin’ lit tle Raskal) — 1 t'woukl make you larf yor r self to deth tp see the little cuss jump up and squeal),* rax figgers of G. Washing ton” and sej eral other worthies. The “amoozin’ lit >le kangaroo” was produc tive of many it laugh, but, of course, no one thought < f asking for the show. Yet had the hum* rist lived a century before Ids time, and In all seriousness N made the same an noun* ment, he would have been rewarded by groups of curiosity-seekers willing to pap their money and see the show, howeve • meagre it might be. It took very little io amuse our ances tors. The be! innings of Barnum's fam ous museum dn<l the many less, r lights of the lime variety can be traced far back In our country’s history. MonstrosHes, both animate and inanimate, have ex cit ed the curios! jr of human nature in all ages, and the settlers of our thirteen col onies were ever ready to pay for the priv ilege of seeing peculi iri:ks of (ha; -ort. While we may not be surprised, there fore, that such curiosities attracted at tention, it is amusing to see how much respect was paid to objects which arc now considered commonplace. A lion or a monkey was a posltixe luxury, and our native animals'bf the woods, <uch as the elk and the moose, were frequently ex hibited. As late a- 1705 New Yorkers con sidered it a great treat to see * live Afii- n lion, and his good qualifies, supple mented by a crude wood cut, were ex tensively advertised in the papers of the day. Mr. Joseph Hobby was the owner of the “sovereign of animals,” as the ex hibitor was pleased to call him. The lion was kept In a “new and elegant cage” in Chatham street, and to quote the words of the clever showman, “Great at tention has also been paid in providing a healthy and pleasant situation for those ladies and gentlemen who may favor the* proprietor with their presence. This no ble animal is between three and four feet high, measures eight feet from nostril to tail, of a beautiful dun color, between 6ix and seven years old, and is uncommonly strong built. His .legs and tail are as thick as those of a common-sized ox. He was caught in the woods of Gbreo in Africa when a whelp, and brought from thence to New York. He is as tame as any domestic animal whatever, and is really worth the contemplation of <he cu rious. Price of admittance, two shill ings.” When Monkeys W ere : Scnrcitj. The scarcity of monkeys i< apparent from an advertisement in the Providence Gazette of Feb. 4. 1792. “Natural Curios ity. A monkey about three weeks od, to be seen at the house of Peter Daspre, at the south end of this town. This sing ular little animal meri s the attention of every curious person, as it is perhaps the first of the kind ever seen in Norfh Amer ica. Its face and ears are white and very much resemble those of the human species!” For half a dollar apiece the in habitants of New York in 179; could gaze upon an elephant kept in a small house on Lower Broadway. Children were per mitted to view that natural wonder for half price, and i' was expressly stipulat ed thnt “nobody is allowed to give any thing to the elephant but his keeper.” Philadelphia hod the honor for several yeers of possessing the only museum of curiosities in the country. I* was known far and wide as Pe do's Museum, and its proprietor was the famous portrait paint er and engraver, Charles Willson Peale. He started his museum in 1784. The pe-r - fled bones of a mammoth lately un< irth ed in Ohio laid the foundation of Ills col lection. The newspapers encouraged h’.s efforts, and while some good things were obtained from time Jo time, it is amusing to look back and see the simplicity of some of his great attractions. In a li 4 of additions in June, 1790, wo find a live American swan, an East India goose, “that curious animal the Opposum. with nine young ones.” a pair of -Mogul sup pers, a piece of 'he Hostile, the sk n. dressed, of the log and thigh of an In dian killed by Gen. Rul ivan's troops in their Western war. <tho fingt r of a famous officer in the Bri ish army, executed in Philadelphia for murder: a land crab from Jamaica, the foot of an Africa deer, and a copy cf the Alcoran in Arabic. P< file'll Movhu* Picture* nnd Trans pa rciieieM. Ore room was ftltsd ui> n? a ri ture gallery, in which many cl' h s own i> iin igs were hung. He also devised a sys tem cf moving pictures, and on special occasions exhibited transparencies, illum inated pointings of prominent Americans, which were very p pular for many years. \ After Washington's death Peal • drup and ills museum In lilack and exhibited a transparent painting of Washington, which, wo are told, “drc w a lurg con course of spectators." Penh’s Museum was originally in a small building adjoin ing the house on the southwest corner of Lombard and Third streets. In “802 the state of Pennsylvania allowed the museum to occupy th upper rooms of j the old S ate Hdu- in Philadelphia In I*2o it was incorporated under the name of fhe Philadelphia Museum Company, wUh Benjamin Franklin Pcale as mali nger and Titian It. Pcale. the youngest son. curator. Charles Willson Pcale died in 1827 at the good old age of 8S years. HU last work was a full-length portrait of himself, painted a the age of 83. which | is now in the Philadelphia Academy. Several years before Pcale began to cn tfrloln his ne'ghbors with his c llection of curiosities, a quaint ehaiacter was en deavoring to give intellectual entertain ment to the inhabitants of New York.. This was John Bonnln, who exhibited a philosophical optical machine, camera ob scuras, and gave numerous lectures. His most prosperous ynr was 1750, and he ev idently made his Influence felt, as a fav orabl •■* •wsixipe" shows: "The common topi< ' dicnu •• here since the coming of 1 Bonnln n r entirely changed. In stea ** the common chat, nothing Is scarf mentioned now but b • iro t en tertaining parts of I'u o c v• u j >• r rep- . resented so live y in M* T ’ ■ ' uri us Prospects.” Fnf r*’Mir f r !• Bon nln, he soon found t s r 'i. 1 not make a financial success In iif from m-re in tellectual ablli is, and in May h became a shopkeeper, giving bis reasons for rh’s step in the most open-hearted manner. "John Bonnln. Hereby gives notice to his Friends and Wellwishers that, af*er having tried many different, ways to sup port himself and family, though with the utmost Honestly and Fare, yet not being attended with desire*r success, has now by the assistance of some Merchants, opened a stor** in Frown Street, in th*' house where (’opt. Howit lately lived, near Mr. Abraham Loit’s; Where may be had Rum. Sugar and mod kinds of European goods usua’ly sold in shops. As ( his creditors, he is fully persuaded, are such from a sincere and hearty Disposi- ; tlon to serve him. and as therefore h rt has his goods at 'he most easy his kind Customers moy depend on buying of him at the lowest pv’ce*. and for their Encouragement they shad be wekom to view his famous Optical Machine Gratis." In 1773 o fine young elk was exhibited in New York at sixpence for a grown person and threepence for a child. The advertisement stated that It is "an ani mal hardly before seen in this city. hi< colorn are grey, yellow and black, he is twelve hands high, his horns arc two feet long, hoof like a cow, his back like a deer and hind parts lik* a horse. He is well worthy the attention of all lovers of natural history and every other curi ous person.” John Rawdon. a hairdresser in Broad meet. New York, during the sumo year exhibited an electrical fish at the modest charge of two shillings. In describing this peculiar fish John Ravvdon says it has •'the surprising power of d.irdng a shock "THE POPULARITY OF Afiollinaris JL ("THE QUEEN OF TABLE WATERS’’) is chiefly due to its irreproachable character.” The Times. “ DRINK NOTHING but Natural Mineral Water, such as Apollinaris, free from all vegetable poisons.” Boston Journal. through a circle formed by a large num ber of persons, in the same manner that the electrical phial does in the Leyden experiment; by this power it likewise kills small fishes when put into the water with , it before it devours them. It has been shown for some weeks past to many hun dreds of curious persons of all denomina tions in the city of Philadelphia, and has given great satisfaction; many ingenious experiments have likewise been lately made with it by a committee appointed for that purpose by the Philosophical So ciety.” \ Gratifying Spectacle. The Tom Thumb of the last century was a queer litile fellow known throughout the country as the American Dwarf. He was exhibited to admiring throngs for i several years, and in January, 1798. when he arrived in Philadelphia, his presence was h:raided in the following elegant manner: "Just arrived in Philadelphia, the fam ous American Dwarf. Those who delight to trace Nature in all her works, who have a curiosity to behold uncommon pro ductions, are informed that <the surpris ing Hr tie genius, Calvin Philips, born in P.ridgewater, Mass., may be seen for a short space from nine in the morning to live in the afternoon in a private room in the house of Mr. Moor, corner of Fourth and Chestnut streets, sign of the Half Moon and Seven Stars. This min iature of man is 7 years of age, twenty six inches high, weighs twelve pounds, is active and manly, and allowed by every one who has seen him to be the most gratifying spectacle ever exhibited in the linked States. Those who have never seen this little hero and with the highest gratification, must improve the present opportunity previous to his departure for Europe, where such a phenomenon has never appeared ,and they will be convinc ed tha* Swift must have seen him In vision when he described the Intrepid General of the Armies of LilliouL The parents of this remarkable child being in indigent circumstances, it is hoped that n generous public will more freely con tribute lq his assistance. Admittance for grown persons 25 cents; children, half price.” In 1771 a female dwarf -53 years o’d and twenty-two inches in stature was to b? seen in Boston at the Widow Bignell’s house, next door to (he King’s Head Tav ern. “She is willing to exhibit herself as a shew,” one newspaper informs its readers, “to such gentlemen and ladies os are desirous to gratify their curiosity for one shilling lawful money from each person.” Another human curiosity that attrae<ed wide attention in 1760 was a boy said to resemble a negro in all respects but in color. He w r a.= as white as a European, with curly wool. In 1746 tinhabitants of Phi’ode!phia were politely requested to view “for a groat apiece, an ox. weigh ing 1.892 pound.’ the first of that size ever bred in this province, at David SekiH’s. at Spring Garden.” The ingenious young man who wrote the following attractive advertisement for a New York paper in 1796 would have made his fortune at <ho present day as a theatrical press agen*. “Miss Newsham. having for these six months past been the admiration of all who have beheld her. proposes on Thurs day afternoon next at Mr. William Post’s in Yiney stree-t, to afford her admirers an opportunity of taking their last sur vey of her substantial personal qualities. Mr. Post's is directly behind the Bull’s Head in the Bowery. To prevent mis taken notions, the public are respect fu'ly informed that Miss Newsham is an Eng lish cow, bred by Mr. Robert Heaton, af Newsham, in Yorkshire, and fatted by Mm at Throgg’s Neck, near Westchester. Her beef will be exhibited in the Fly Market on Saturday next." These early amusements form an inter esting chapter in the history of \ h° life and customs of our ancestors a century ago. With practically hut one theater in four or five of -the leading towns, it was only natural that apparently trivial objects of interest should tome'imes at tract attention. the GLACIERS OF ALASKA. Some Grenier Tlian Those of Swltr e^rlnnd—\ct What They Were Once, Though. Henry Gannett in Bulletin of the Ameri can Geographical Society. J The entire coast of Alaska and Its is ards, firm Dixon Entrance to the Aleu tian Islards, is mountainous. The land everywhere ris<s abrup ly from the sea to summits ranging from three thousand to eighteen thousand feet high. The moun tain slopes are very seep, the higher s mnjits are extremely rugged, and thou sands of them are totally inaccessible. Level land near the coast is almost un known, except at the heads of the fiords, which continue In ar.d as valleys or can yons with pfeci: itous walls. The most prominent fact connected with the coast region of Southern Alaska, in ched of the noithwest ccast of North America, frem Puget Sound to the end of the Alaskan peninsula, Is that its fea tures are almost wholly the product of glaci'l a Mon. Net only are its fiords the abandoned channels of glaciers, but its hi Is and meuntains w\re shaped by them, and so rcc. nt is the retreat of the gla ciers that but little, if any, of the work of the atmosphere and of streams is thus far to be seen superimposed upon the g acial wtrk. There is probably nowhere on earth an equal ar a in which the re -1 ef features arc so pure v the product of glacial eroFion and in which aqueous ero -5i r has done fo 11. tie. The remains of ihe enormous glacial syst m which at on n t me covered praeti ally this whole area are now cxifctrnt In the form of hundreds of glaciers. Whi e these are pjgmies in comparison with the r progenitors, scores ( f th m exceed in mag dtu e the celcbrat ■ and ones of Swl;z* r ami Tak n as a whole, the region is one affording unequalled facilities for studying the work of gla ciers, both in action and by their accom plished resul s T.-.e fiords present everywhere the char acteristic cress section of glacier-cut . w..rl the bottom, which is nearl> Fv I, giving the common F-shaped section. The fioors of the guiges of branches are com monly nt a higher level than the main fiord, so that th y open upon it at alti tudes of htir.dr ds or even thousands of le t above it. This ph nomtirn, so near ly univfrsaLand so str.ktrg, has only re cently been noted. At the time these branch gorges were formed, the surface of the ice in them and in the main gorge was necessarily at the some level, and the difference In ele vation of the fioors of the gorges meas ured the difference in the thickness of the ice of the main and branch gorges. For if the surface of the ice in the branch were for any considerable time fit a higher level than thut of the main gorge, the former would cut its gorge down, so as to bring the surfaces on n level. It la furthermore manifest that the surface of the ice in the side gorge could not exist at a low'er level than that of the main gorge, as in that case the latter would overflow into it. Hence the gorges of the main and branch glaciers repre sent e status which persisted for a long time, ar.d the recession of the glacier must have been accomplish*) rather rap idly, as otherwise the branch would have THE MORNING NEWS: SATURDAY, JUNE 0, 1‘)0(). had time to cut deeply Into the wall of the main gorge. On the Alaska coast are seen fine ex amples of these gorges in all stages, from rhose wherein the main and tributary gorges are boih filled with moving ice, ond the gorges are in process of forma tion, to those in which all the gorge*!, main and branch, have been abandoned by ice—and of these perhaps the most strik ing are* those where the ice in the main gorge has retreated beyond the mouth j of the tributary, which now descends in cascades of ice over the lip of the main 1 gorge. Fine examples of this were seen j in Russell Fiord, and in Port Wells. I Prince William Sound, are several small glaciers formerly tributary to that in the head of the inlet, which are now cascading down the walls of the fiord Into the water, from which the main gla cier has retreated. The sti.lightness of the flordrt, the. defier Lions in their courses product?*) by the junction with large branches, also stamp them unmistaka bly as glacier cut. There are no glaciers of magnitude in the islands of Southeastern Alaska, al though their relief forms were throughout carved by glaciers. The large living gla ciers are confined to the mainland. Gla iehs e\i t in the mountains border ing the coast from Dixon Entrance west ward nearly to the enrl of tl e Alaska pen ltistt-a. but east of G acier bay none of them descend to the sra. although many are cf great magnitude, among them the Patterson on Frederick sound and the Davidson in Lynn canal, both of which nearly roach the sea, doubtless not long ’ago were discharging iceN rgs into it. The existing glaciers of the Alaskan coast may be grouped in two classes, those whoie fronts r ach the l ea and discharge icebergs, and those which do not. The first may be called living, 'he latter dead Of the former, the exp dition saw and examined no fewer than tWenty-two, in cluding six in Glacier bay, the Muir, Grand Pacific, Johns Hopkins, Reid. Char ion ir and Hugh Mutt r; the Crillon, from the Fatrweather range; three in Yakutat bay and Russell Fiord, the Hub bard. Dalton and Xunatak; and twelve in Prince William sound, including the Co lumbia. in Columbia bay, the Harvard. Yale. Smith, Bryn Mnvr, Yassar and Welle.-ley in Fori Wells, and the Harri man. Surprire, .Serpentime, Cataract and Wash ng - on in H arid man fi--.nl. Of the latter cla s, there a e many hun dreds, ranging in size from the Great Malaspina. a lake of ice sixty miles by thirty, and fed by s ores of ice st earns from/the Si. Elias Alps, down to 1 ttle streams flowing (Jown the mountain gorges two w thrje miles only in length. Among the many interesting* questions propounded by the glaciers was that of their present movement, whether it be advance or r:*ce son That in past times they have greatly rcced and is shown by their abandoned channels, the fiords which make up the entire Ala.-kan coast and by the tl rd shap'd valleys which character ize the irsh re topography. | Examination if the* ne ghborhood of ex isting glaciers shows that on the whole they are, with few exceptions, still reced ing. This recession is pr bably not. regu lar or ccntinu.u-, since every winter show Si an ad vance and every summer a recession and since a year of heavy snow fall inducts a temporary advance, while a hot or dry year p oduces an abnormally large recession; still all signs indicate, in the case cf every glacier examined, with o-e exception (the Cri!l :n). that on the whole they, are still retreating. The stretch of bare, nak and lrn 1. both of val -1 y and mountain slope, not yet covered with vegetation, extending outward from ihe gjacier front, is in itself sufficient evi dence of this retreat. Jn the case of Muir Glacier, which is the beat known, the amount cf recession has been directly measured, sioce the fr nt of the glacier has been mapped at differ nt times by Muir. Reid and Wright. Here we find a recession of two mil s in che last twenty years, and a reduction in t 're level of its surface of three hundr and f et in the same lime. The glaciers of Alaska take various forms. The simple form of a stream of ice flowing down o mountain gorge, with .‘ributayks from neighboring gorge?, is common. But the greater glaciers usually take the form of a lake of ire occupying a broad valley cf a plateau, fed by streams of ice from the surrounding mountains, and drained by outlets in one. two or more directions. Of this type, the Muir is a fine example. Tt occupies a broad valley hav ing a gentle i-!ope to the south, cast and west; is fed by streams from the moun tains on the north, east and west, and has three outlets, by the Davidson Gla i r to I.ynn canal, by a glacier to tie west arm of Glacier boy, whiio the largest outlet D by what is popularly known as Muir Gla cier southward to Muir Inlet, a branch of Glacier bay. Of this type, too, are the great ice fields on either side of the Fair weather range, that on the northeast being drained into Glacier hay by several outlets, and those on the southwest side discharging directly into the Pacific. On the shoie of Prince Williom sound aie many examples of this type, great fields of Ice in the Interior dis charging a t the coast by comparatively narrow outlets. A third type Is that Illustrated by the great Malaspina Glacier, the king of all the Ala-knn glaciers, a lake <>f ic . lying on a gentle slope open to the sea. The Mal aspina is frd by many streams of lee fnm the St. Ellas Alps, spreading out in o this great which wanes away mainly by melting, since only n small part of its front of sixty miles reaches thf* sea and discharges bergs. In places the surface of this great ice lake I covere 1 with sol! and gupportfl a rank growth of vegeta tion. Here are flowers in profusion, and forests of spruce growing above the ice. THE IIA YON PIT’S HISTORY. Where It Got Its Nn me*—Thrilling; Stories of Its I ne, From the Ixmdon Globe. It is rather curious tbai the weapon first called n bayonet had nothing to do with musket or rifle, but was simply a short, fiat dagger. Three hundred years ago it was described as a small pocket dagger, ar.d again as a great knife to bung at the girdle like ft dagger. Lingard. the historian, writing of a battle fought in France In 1133, says that the Eng i-h cotnamnder, "was slain as he liy on ho field, with a bayonet—meaning, no doubt, the kind of weapon we lusv* Just de scribed. British soldiers did rot carry a bayonet of th# 4 modern kind as a p„ir< of their equipment till the times of Charles 11. That not very warlike monarch or dered by royal warrant that the soldiers were "to have and to carry on bay nit or r.rear knife.” In tho. <■ days the "gioat knife" wa- a kind of las/ resource. The bayonet in ib< first form could on y be u?<d by having its handle screwed sol dly into the musket barrel, ther by completely blocking the muzz.e; so l was not until (he ammunition wns exhausted, nr unt 1 the enemy w-r. so < l.e th t there was j not sufficient tlnje tor the somewhat lengthy and complicated process of re charging the clumsy old muzzle-loading muskets—it wen not till then that the bay onet was brought into play. Our friends, the enc my. however, before long taught u* how to lurn the weapon to better account. Whll the bottle of Ham llUes was- in progress, in May. 170 ft, some kcen-eyod observer on the British side no- Are Causing No End of Trouble in China. Our ,Bona=fide 25 Per Cent. Cut In Men’s High Grade Clothing and Perfection of Fit “WORRIES OUR COMPETITORS,” BECAUSE WE LIVE UP TO OUR ADVERTISEMENTS. Worsteds, Cheviots, Cassimeres, the favorite sack style, 3 or 4 button and high cut vests; fabrics are stand ard and made up with the individuality and character that you’ll note in all our suits, in a veritable host of de sirable patterns. $25.00 SUIT3, 25 PER CENT. OFF $*8.75 $22.50 SUITS, 25 PER CENT. OFF 5i6.87 $20.00 SUITS, 25 PER CENT. OFF $15.00 SXB 00 SUITS, 25 PER CENT. OFF SUL6O $16.50 SUITS, 25 PER CENT. OFF $82.37 SXS.CC SUITS, 25 PER CENT. OFF $11.25 $X3.50 SUITS, 25 PER CENT. OFF $ 10.12 $X2.00 SUITS, 25 PER CENT. OFF $ 9.00 SXO.OO SUITS, 25 PER CENT. OFF $ 7.60 ' $ 7,50 SUITS, 25 PER CENT. OFF $5.62 BOYS 3 AND CHILDREN’S CLOTHES AT 25 PER CENT. DISCOUNT. Vestee Suits, Russian Blouse Suits, Single and Double-breasted Siiits, all sizes, in pure Worsted, Cheviot and Cassimeres, all this season’s styles, stronglv made, sewed with silk. 25 PER CENT. OFF ON MEN S AND BOYS' STRAW HATS. Men’s Flannel Suits at SIO.OO Men’s Crash Suits at $1.75 and up Bovs’ Wash Suits at 75c anil ,up One Price ticc 1 that the French infantry were ablo j (o charge with the bayonet imnv diately 1 they lad tired their volley, ml waiting to screw their "knives" into the muzzles of their muskets. When the battle was over the Marlborough’s victoi i jus troops held ihe field, some of the firelocks aban doned by ..lie foe in their flight were pick ed up end examined, and it was found that the bayonet was secured by a circu lar band of metal clasping the barrel, a simple arrangement which left the muzzle perfectly clear. The won 1 r is that such a clumsy .j>roce.-s ass ifftning the >o’.id handle of the bayonet into the mouth of the musket was * ver adopted, at all. Our military authorities, however, were not above taking a hint from the enemy. :>n 1 ihe English bayonets were soon fitted af ter the French manner. There has been some discussion ns to the origin of the word "bayonet.” The com monly received explanation is th .t the weapon takes iis name from the city of Bayonne, in Southern France, where the bayonet is supposed to have been lir.-t usitT. This D likely enough, although there is no direct evidence on the point, and il is a I.- * possible that the word 1 derived, as a diminutive, from n old French word, "bayon," which meant the arrow or shaft of a crowbar. The transfer of the name, with the added diminutive termination of "ette.” from the long point ed arrow to the short stabbing dagger, wou’d be natural and cosy, but the matter is of no great importance, and it is cer tainly not worth dogmatizing abojrf. It may be noted, by the wav, that the vulgar pronunciation of "bayonet.” or "bagnei"—"Now. gen’Vmen, 'fail on,’ as 'he English sold to the French when they fixed bagginets,” remarked Mr. Weller at the picnic—is of very long standing,*and was originally of the highest respectabil ity. A dictionary maker of 17)1. Benjamin Martin, after defining the word ns m< fin ing "a short ua.gg- r, having, instead of a hilt, an hollow lion handle to fix it to the muzz> of a mu-quet, now used instead of a pike.” on to say: "We speak the word Bagonet.” Another lexicogrophc r of a few years Infer remarks, somewhat naively, that th- bayonet, "when ammuni tion is spent, is no bad resource." A vary early example of the now vulgar pronun ciation may bo found In th# London Ga zette of 1692. whore, in No. 2.74*2, "haggo nettes and nil other arms ’ are mon.lon'd in an official notice. Anl a little l iter, in a book published about 1700. the author ship of which has been attributed to De foe. some peaceful person plaintively pleads: "I came not Into the world to be cannonaded or hngonetted our of it." The weapon, however, has pushed a great many peaceful folk, as w 11 as bs more le gitimate prey, out of the world. No army, of course, can claim a mon opoly of <he use of the bayonet, but it has been peculiarly associated with the heroic doings of British Infan ry on many a hard-fought field, and In many a strug gle in the immlnen deadly breach. At Waterloo it was < he bristling lines of bay onets girdling 4be Invincible squares of infantry that the French found It vain to attack. Again and again ihe French cavalry surged against tho;e seemingly solid Islands of men and steel, but could make no lmprevi!on on them. More re con* y, at Abu Kl-a and on other Egyp tian battlefields, the gallant dervishes who survived the fire of rifle* and Maxims foun l the Hn of ••> Of et* ala t n 1 Im pregnable line of defense. Asa weapon of offeree, too, as will as of defense, the bayone* has proved of wonderful effect In Britlsch hands. Other enemies <han Boers have found it difficult to face th* "cold steel" at dose quarters. H r Henry Havelock, describing a small action dur ing the mutiny struggle In India, when three of the enemy’s guns were strongly posted behind a lofty hamlet, well Jn rench#d. ;-a.w rha he ordered the sev enty-eighth Highlanders, • to advance. "Never," h* wrote, "have I witnessed conduct more admirable. They were led by Ful. Hamlltcn. and followed him with surpassing steadiness and gallantry under a heavy fit'*. As they approached the vil lage they cheered and charged wi h the bayonet, the pipes sounding 'h' pibroch. Need l pd 1 thil the en- my fled, the vl’- 1a go was taken, and the guns captvrc 1?” The combination r#t bayonets and bag pipes was Irresistible. The gilt * ring steel did similar work on many of the Peninsular battlefields. At the sanguinary struggle of Busaco the hold of the British oil (he height which was tl\o main object of the French at tack was secured by th“ charge ordered by Crawford when in Napier’s graphic phrase, "eighteen hundred British bay onet* went tu*arkllng ove r th • brow f the hill.” A few days hmforc tM battle was fought, a singular tncHb n had oc curred. When a single Irish soldi* r at-1 tacked the French Army wit it h'.s bry lonctl It was toward the ctid of the fighting on the Coa, and practically the ~ SAVANNAH whole of the British Army had retreat ed across the river. Among the last to come down to the bridge was Ulsterman, named Siewar4, called the "Boy” because he was only nineteen years of age, though of great stature anl strength. Throughout the action he had fought bravely, bur w hen he reached <he bridg* h* # refused to pass. "Turning round," says the historian, "he regarded the French wdth a grim look, and spoke aloud as follows*. ‘So, this is the end of our boasting! This is our first battle and we retreat I The boy Stewart will not live to hear rhat said.’ Then, striding for ward in his giant might he fell furiously on the nearest enemies with the bayonet, refused the quarter they seemed desirous of granting, and died lighting in the midst of them!’’ ORIGIN OF GHOST DANCING. < Irennistniice* That Lcil llie Indian to %dott Thin Furious Fusion*. From the New York Hun. Ghost dancing among the Sioux Indians is a thing of the past. The Messiah craze, which led to fierce batilings with the whites in the years gone by, has died out. Such was the unanimous opin ion of the ranchmen and former Indian fighters who were nmong the delegates to the recent Nebraska Republican State Convention. Among these delegates was one who w.is neither a ranchman nor an old Indian fighter, and yet he knows more perhaps of the history of the sense less craze that lured to death many of the braves of the north west tribe* than does any of the ranchmen. This man is Gen. L. W. Colby, for five years briga dier general of the Nebraska militia, but now a lawyer of Beatrice. It was Colby who led the state militia to the f rob tier in the winter of 1890-91, when ghost dnne- Jng was at Its worst, and the connection with that campaign prompted him to in va ligate the reason for the Indian out break and the basis of the queer Illus ions that prevailed in the tribes. Ghost dancing, ac cording to Gen. Col by, was nothing more nor less than nil adaptation of the frenzy dances of the whirling dervishes of Turkey and Egypt, an exercise undertaken for the purpose of placing the physical being in n state of exaltation wherein the spirit gains Intimate communion with the dead, and with the Messiah. It Is curious fact, attested by the better-educated Indians, that this idea of n Indian Messiah was an adoption of the Christian Idee of the Saviour, doubtless traceable to the teach ings of the early missionaries. The ex pected advent of an Indian Messiah has been among the traditions of the Indians of North America almost from the be ginning of their contact with the whites, an*) when the failure of crops in and 189) left the* Indians without the subsist ence upon which they depended—the gov ernment failing to furnish all of the sup plies demanded—their minds naturally #urn*) to thoughts cf the Messiah’s ad vent. In the summer of 1890 the idea became widespread and was followed soon after by the announcement that the Messiah had actually come. Medicine men from the Shoshones, the Sioux. principally Brules, the Cheyennes and the Arnra hoes Journeyed into the desert of Nevada and there claimed 4o have se*n the Indian Christ. When they returned (hey told great tribal meetings what they had reon—a man with bend bowed in sorrow an I with scars on wrists, feet and face. He told them of tils coming 4o redeem the tyMter roce from sin and suffering, of the cruelty that race had practiced upon him, ef his crucifixion, suffering and death Ho instructed them in morality and tough? them certain religious dances and songs, the ghost dance among them. The medi cine man told them that they had boon punished by the white races for evil deeds done by their forbears, but that • heir t'nv of travail was about ended. They said that be had fold them that all the dead Indians should return to life; that the gnat herds of buffalo. onte!oi>e, e k . i I wT.d horses were to be reincar nated; that hereafter, the white man would be unable to manufacture guniiow der or bullets that would penetrate the dress they were to assume; that he would cover the earth with thirty feet of ad ditional soil, well sodded and timbered, under w’hich the whites would be Suffo cated. and that any white men who es caped would ts* turned into small fishes In the rivers of the land. All that wat asked of the Indians was that they bo Mevc and organ!***. 1 These medicine men described the Christ ns a man of forty year a of age. They said he gave them certain signs where with to work miracles, end these they lntd tested and found effective. One chief prof esaed to have seen and talked with his son. killed years before in war. The Yncn and women began make holy shirts ond dresses. White muslin was used. Bine and yellow stripes were placed on the back and front. On many were rude pictures, some of eagles find some of buffalo. Eagle feathers wen* worn on the shoulders, sleeves and head. Nothing made of metal was |>ermltted ex cept guns. First a man stood in the cir cle of dancers, then a woman, until a large circle was formed. They danced round ond round till, one by one, the dancers grew tired and dizzy. They fell to the ground and foamed at the mouth, then lay as dead. When they returned to consciousness they to’d of wonderful things they had seen an 1 heard. The song they sang while dancing was in the nature of a chant, with some vnrlotloVut from h monotone. Emphasis was given nt about every second beat of common time. The refrain was at times a wall, which, once heard, the old-timers say, was never forgotten. Al times the song would be on Incoherent, disconnected con versation between the Great Spirit and the glfost dancer, supposed to take place after the latter, hiving fainted from ex haustion and mental had mounted upon wbngn and entered Into tile realms of the sun. Twenty miles from the Pine Ridge agen cy about 2.000 Indians gathered, many of them belonging o the hand of the fam ous old medicine mail. Sitting Bull. They believed *h? Indian millennium would come with the next spring when the new gross appeared. Soldiers were hur ried from all parts of the country. They herded the Indians into the agencies, and pursued the wandering hands of fanatics into the Bad Lands, and there proved to them that their ghoet ehlrt was only pointed muslin find Incapable of turning the bullet of the white man. The ghost dance was h 1 for six days and nights at the beginning of every new moon, by eompiand of the Messiah. Month after month in IS9J, the dance was kept up. I!v the influence of the agents and the Indian police, back* and by the soldiers, ail of the Indians except the Sioux were brought under control. The Sioux were numerous and defiant. They refused to quit dancing and treated the agenta* or ders with contempt. The collision came at Wounded Knee creek, on Dec. 29. Several companies of sold’crs had sur prised and capture<\ Big Foot’s band, the leaders in the deviltry of the times. They were lined up while a search of their tepees was made for arms. This proved fruitless and a pemonnl search was or dered. The first detachment of search ers was shot down by the Indians, who had their guns concealed beneath their blankets and ghost shirts. There were 14b bucks and 230 women and children in the band. The signal for hostilities wns given by the medicine man grabbing a handful of earth and flinging it above his head. The soldiers were of Custer’s old command and soon rallied. The In dians retreated to their tepees after they had locst fifty-two men. Before the battle ended 116 Indians. Including Big Foot and sixty or seventy womeji and chil dren, hiding In tepees, were killed. The soldiers hud twenty-five killed. This demonstration of the worthlewsness of the shirt as armor had a power ful effect upon the other dancing Indians, an) they sullenly submitted, after weeks of protest. The ghost dunce belief died hard, however. So alluringly <tid the Messiah's Idea present the future to the simple-minded braves that they were loath to give It up. The following year ghont. dancing wns again started, but was soon stopped by the Indian police. FRENCH CLARET WINES, and GERMAN RHINE and MOSELLE WINES and FRENCH COGNAC BRANDIES. All these tine Wines and Liquors are imported by us In glass direct from the growers In Europe. Our St. Julien L'la.vt Wine from Everest, Dupont A Cos of Bordeaux, France, is one of tne;r ep. ciultie , and one at extremely low price. The Chateaux Ltovil.e, on# of th#lr superior Claret Wines, well knowa all over the United States. We also carry in bond Claret Win## from this celebrated firm in casks. Our Rhine and Morelle Wines are Imported from Martin D#uU, Frank* fort, Germany, are th© beat that com# to the United States. BODENHEIM is very fine and ch#ip. NIERSTEIN also very good. RUPEBHEIM very choice. ****** RAtJENTHAL. selected grapes, very elegant. LIEBFRAIfMILCH, quite celebrated. MARFOHRUNNER CABINET elegant and rare* YOHANNIBBUROER is perfection. > .•PARICUNO IlOrK HPARKUNO MORRT.I.K. GPARKLINO MTJBCA TELLE. anil FINE FRENCH COGNAC BRANDIES. Special Branditi are Imported direct from France by u, tn cares and casks. LIPPMAN BROTHERS. AND Plain Figures. Periodically since then have the follow ers of the craze sought to revive this dance, but each time it was sternly re pressed. The end came last year w'hen only a score of believers in all the Hloux could be got together. Then, and then only, was it finally abandoned. GREW ms OWN t mhih;ll% STOrKf' Infinite I'niiiH n Hf. LoniMnn llestow eil I poii n Maple Sapling. From the New Orleans Times-Democrat. A guest at one of the principal hotel* yesterday xhlbited n curious and beauti ful umbrella handle to a party of admir ing friends. It was a crook of silver ma ple wood heating the natural bark and Its or nament con&Dted of three heavy gold bands, or rlnys, encircling the shaft at equal distances. What made it remarka ble was the self-evident fact that th* hands had been put on when -the branch from which the handle was made wiw part of a living tree and much smaller In diameter. ’Th< wood had grown through and around the confining metal and bulged out at either side, producing an odd and striking effect. "It took me four get the mate rial ready for this umbrella handle,” said the proud owner. "I live in the suburbs of Si. Louis and have several fine maple trees on the premises. In 1893 the idea occurred to me and I had tv jeweler maks me these three rings, which I slipped over a. small branch and tied at the proper distance with cords. I had to select a very diminutive branch, beea/ise other wise the twigs would have prevented tha rings from going on, and I picked out one pret4y high up so it would be out of the way of pilferers. Then I waited patiently f r nature to clinch tho hands by process of growth. I said nothing about tbe experiment and the family of ten wondered why in the world I climbed that tree so often. lam a traveling man and whenever 1 returned from th'* road I would lose n<S time in taking a look at mjr prospective umbrella handle. It was slow work, however, and the fall of 1897 had rolled around before r finally cut tha branch. Then I turned It over to an ex pert. who kept It ten months longer, sea soning and polishing it and bending th# upper end into ;l crook, which was done by a pro-css of steaming. The result is what you sec. lam convinced It Is the only thing of Its kind in the world, and I take good care to keep it away from umbrella thieve#.*’ Itlnck Hernia on Face—So Lure, No Buy. Your druggist will refund your money It Pqzo Ointment fails to cure you. 60c. —ad. ' ~ Cider. We have a nice line of cider in bottles, pure and genuine, from the celebrated establishment of Mott & Cos., of New York. The Ruspet Flder and the Crab Appl# Cider are very good. Llppman Bros., cor ner Congress and Earnard streets, Sa vannah, Ga.—ad. I Grnylicard. "Graybeard cured me of Catarrh of th# head which had clung to me 35 years. Mrs. Khoda Dean. Ballinger, Tex.'* Graybeard is sold at all drugstores fot sl. Ueapesa Druj* Cos., Props.— ad. 5