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8
THE WOMAN IN WHITE.
MIE IS A REFRESHING VISION TO
THE HEATED EYE.
Some Pretty ('Onrrim in Dress for
Women AVbo Try Autumn Moiin
taln ( limbing—Wonderful Oppor
tunities Offered by file Shop* Jn*t
Now In the Way of Silk Sale*, nml
Advice in to IV lint the Wine
Wornnn llnyn for Future 1 ne.
New York. Aug-. 17.—The- haunts of
fashion are very gay with wash dre??‘* g
exclusively, or dreset's that would w ish
were they not so encrusted with really
precious embroideries and costly lores or
expensive ribbons. On the whole, the
golfing girl only js sincere in her protes
tations of simple utility as to dress. She
i
Worn by plucky girls who spend August climbing mountain*.
goes on the fair green in white, chiefly,
and if ahe affects a touch of color, it is
Just a touch, and to pink or green she
give© her preference. There is a sketch
of a typical, bare-headed, washable put
ting champion ess given this week that
brings out strongly the points her ad
mirable type so loves to emphasize. She
Is all in white, save for tiny green lines
etriping her French linen shirt waist.
Her skirt Is of white jeans, one of the
new wash skirtings of this season ond her
necktie is in the coachman's plastron
shape of white linen birdseye. In her
Suggestions for late summer dressee.
cuffs are little green enamel links ami
there Is no doubt that she Is u refreshing
vision to the heated eye as she floats like
a cloud over the green links that serve
to set her off.
The Itliakl Girl.
The woman 1n white has a rival and
only one. Ph'- Is the girl who affects
mohair and golfs In very Interesting 1
Khaki brown, blue and green mohair
gulls, nil strapped end etitched. and she
argues that she is as pleasant a figute
to contemplate and far. far less expen
sive. Her light weight, cool gowns
shed the dust and grime, while
the pique sylph is the bondwoman of her
laundress. It is a well-known fact that
the amount of money and cajolery neces
sary during a single summer to persuade
one's washwoman to keep one’s white
wardrobe up to the mark, would suffice
to purchase a house and lot. When at one
summer resort last month the nine ma
donnas of 'the tub struck work, not for
higher wages, but for a needed rest. 10
per cent, of the young ladiea of the hot**l
were obliged to remain in their rooms un
til the laundresses’ rest was over and
wringers and irons were hard at it again.
This is not the way with the mohair
clad maiden, for her shirt waist and her
tain o’ahanter are made of the same goods
as her skirt, and. though her apparel is
guaranteed to wash like a tea cup, it only
goes to the tub once in the season.
For flic tiirl Who Climbs.
Up to the mountain fastnesses, when
mohair and pique arc laid by for the easy
Joys of a climbing toilet, some interesting
vagaries of fashion are made manifest.
For instance, it is a novel bit of coquet try
to wear mountain dresses of gray blue.
Twilled French flannel, the skirt cut and
finished like a golf petticoat and heavily
corded with six close set cording* at the
top of the deep hem. . This skirt comes
barely to the knees, while the bloomers
beneath fit over them with straps and
buckles, clasping the leg Just below the
knees. These bloomers are not very full
nor does their fullness fall so far over
the strap as to obscure the fact that it is
In reality a wash ellk garter which holds
the bottom of the bloomer and top of hose
firmly together, and at the outside of the
leg a small quaint buckle of brilliants
twinkles.
Pometlmrs the buckles are square,
sometlmts oblong and very often heart
shaped, and to set off their brightness,
ihe garter Is of black or dark blue. Of
course, the metal setting of the brilliants
has to be occasionally rubbed up with a
THE MORNING NEWS: SUNDAY, AUGUST 10, 1900.
powder to preserve it from the dust of
long tramps up the hillside.
t oqiietricx for IlntherK.
Dozens of pretty girls who dearly love
the water, but none the less mean to pre
serve the whip ness of their arms, wear
sort-sleeved b.ith ng dresses, w th long
white or black li le gloves, and a girl in
white with blai k hr sand glov sand a
back head handkerchief i? a str.king,
and not In the 1-ast, an unattractive ob
ject.
They do. by the way. make very pretty
head dresses for bathers, and why they
never thought to do s> before is a mys
tery r.o wcm.rn ran solve. Hitherto sea
nymphs bought oiled silk mob caps, over
which they tied such handkerchiefs as
thMr taste sug.esteJ. This season in the
shot s they sell the most chic and be om
ing water proof capotes that give cne the
susi ii n that they com l - from Trcuvil e
or Dinurd by way of Pari-. The water
pro f frnrre cf the cap tits the head
closely and then on this is disposed p-ach
red wash si k in loops and foils, con
cluding in a bow and ends in front, or a
The golf girl in white jeans skirt nnd shirt of green and white.
lovely Persian patterned handkerchief is
twisted with infinite taste about an oiled
silk crown, its ends brought to the ciown
of the head and gathered into a quaint
top knot. Some of these caps have orna
ments cut from pale pinks, or rich red
coral, and some, let it lx? softly whis
pered. are fringed at back and front with
inexpensive curls that soften the framing
of the face, and yet save the wearer’s
ow’n valuable and possibly straight hair
from injurious contact with the water.
Wlmt to Huy in the Dog Day.
The emptiness of the shops and a sup
ply in actual excess of the demand has
run the price of foulards down to a point
where the best of these always attractive
silks is within the reach of any woman.
The very fact that the merchants are
sacrificing this stock seems ominous of a
marked change in the manufacture of
light silks. Very evidently, foulards have
run their course, n novelty on us. Be
that as i.t may, a good foulard is a valua
ble possesion, and now is the time to
make $2 cover the ground of six. and if
anybody won'ts to know what to do with
a soft silk, let her cast her eye on the
group sketch of which the chief figure Is a
girl in soap bubble patterned foulard.
The charming silk waist is see on a yoke
of white muslin relieved by ruchings, and
white muslin flounce** adorn the bottom
of the skirt. A skillful amateur could
very easily make a gow'n on this model
with her own hands.
There is another prominent dress in this
group that shows into what agreeable
conceits w f hi<e serge can be wrought.
Some of thebe' serges have a strong in
fusion of silk in thin warp or woof, and
they are made attractive with switchings
it white or in colors.
Some Xew Centnry Styles.
They say, the wise ones, that this first
autumn of our new century is going to
be made notable with novelties. We are
booked to wenr arrange dress waists cut
very like the coats of men's evening suits,
with what are called shawl rovers, .and
tremendously long tails, somewhat on the
atyle of Directory coats that can be re
called as very much the mode ten years
ago. We are also promised shorter skirts
and wider hat brims, and sleeves show
ing plainer and closer on the shoulder and
bigger and fuller down by the w'ris't.
Amid thoee rumors is one to the effect
that red in many tones will be the winter
color for the gruesomcly appropriate rea
son thnt this has been a year of bloody
wars. All these are but rumors, however,
and whn't stands as a fact is the success
ful invention of n new goods called elec
tricity vloth. because it owes its being to
the genius of <mr new-found force. It Is
a cloth with a pile like velvet, and is
bound to have a larger following than has
been given to the popular panne, which
this new goods is not in the least like.
Guy I'nrasol* for Walks nml Drives.
In their various manifestations, the
check, and four other novelties are faith
fully set forth In an accompanying pic
ture. AI the top of the panel a newr
flounced sun-shndo is given. This is com
posed of four full deep frills of white
silk muslin, on a white frame and
every frill edged with a clear corn flower
blue FAttn selvage. Parasols of the same
type can be had in pale green with deep
! loaf green satin or water* and selvages, and,
though the idea of the beflounoed sun
j shade has been used often before, its
execution this time is quite Individual to
our season. Below the shelter of flounces
is another sun-shade shield of flowered
| chiffon frllis, running at the base of
[ heavy satin points that extend from the
ferrule end down. This is the popular
parasol for a grand out-door occasion,
and its prototypes figure conspicuously
on Newport lawns. Two hardy show win
dow blossoms l*-low these are made of a
new material, b ovy oiled Japanese paper,
In rich cream tones and fancifully fig
ured In very Nipponesque designs. They
resist the effect of sea air and the color
devouring glance of the sun. You can
e’en bathe them in the briny deep and
their shining skins of oil save them from
the least harm. That ia why the inex
pensive summer girl affords two or three
of ihem, because they coac very little
and some pf them are os artistic as a
good piece of real old blue, or a mus
mes kimona. Mary Dean.
IHINEAb POOR FOLKS.
The Proportion Is n Thousand to One
iu the Flowery Kingdom.
A rich Chinaman wears silk, a poor one
cotton. Since the proportion of rich to
poor is about one in a thousand, it fol-
lows that the growth and manufacture of
cotton are vital necessities. It is thought
cotton culture was begun in the thirteenth
century, the plant coming in from India,
where it has been known for 2.000 years.
In spito of her unequaled agriculture
China does not raise cotton for export—
nor in fact enough for her own needs. In
the growth and manufacture of it. as in
everything else, the aim is not. as in these
United Slates, to save hand labor, to use
as much of It as possible. There are no
powor-gins for taking out the seed. In
stead. the Chinese use the little hand-gins
very like those still to he found in the
homespun regions' of the Appalachian
Smart sun shades.
chain. The gin Is nothing more than a
couple of small wooden rollers, made fast
in uprights affixed to n bench. They are
turned by a wooden crank, revolve one
against the other, and free the cotton of
seed by drawing the lint through the nar
row space i>etween. The lint is fed to
them by band, and It taken a long and
steady day’s work to gin five pounds of
lint—which means twenty pounds of cotton
111 the seed.
The cotton U carded simultaneously {w ith
0
\ L~{ * GUARANTEES g
0 LIEBIG
company’s “S7fi&? r |
BEWARE OF m JC/ST AS GOODS* |
the ginning. A second man stands at the
end of the bench beating the clean cotton
with the tee-kung. or earth bow. into big,
flaky "bats.” These bats the women spin
in various ways. Sometimes they use the
old-fashioned spinning wheel. Much often
er it is something approximating the an
cient distaff. The spinner twirls it stead
ily. walking around and around as she
twirls, thus winding the lengthen
ing thread into very long hanks. If it is
epun and run into broaches or quills, they
are often reeled with a hand-reel. Chinese
Industry indeed is an inveterate as Chi
nese economy. Women usually work at
such reeling while they stand at gossip in
the alley-ways between their houses. If
there is no reel handy they will be stitch
ing upon a shoe-sole, always a salable ar
ticle. Bare feet are unknown in China.
Even a beggar wears shoes, though he
may have no other clothing than the head
bowl. which serves both as a hat and to
hold out when there is a chance of alms.
Nothing is wasted in China. Even grass
and wheat roots nre pulled up, washed,
dried and used for fuel. Scraps of paper*
and cloth are pasted together to make
the in-soles of shoes. Bits of wood are
glued to build up either n board or a
post. Women spinners and straw-plaiters
earn two cents a day. The spinning,
though, is most commonly like the weav
ing at the hand looms, only a part of un
paid household labor. Machine-made
cloth and thread have of late come to
bear heavily upon the cotton workers, but
that fact Is in a degree offset by the.
growing import of raw cotton. Still some
of the light yellow hand-made fabric,
known the world over as nankeen, from
the city of export. Nankin, is shipped
abroad. It 1s made from a peculiar yel
low staple cotton, hence not dyed. The
same yellow staple cotton is grown and
manufactured by Arcadians in Louisiana,
but The fabric is so coarse it does not
compete with the Chinese one.
Five dollars a year will clothe a Chinese
husband and wife something more than
decently. Underwear is unknown—so is
fitting a garment. The only measures
taken are from the hip to the ground,
and from the middle of the breast to the
finger tips. Fashions do not change.
Winter garments nnd bedding are wadded
with cotton. Once a year they must be
ripped apart and washed, padding and all.
How needful is economy may be judg
ed from a few figures. Unskilled laborers
are paid upon nn averafge 7 cents a day.
Masons, carpenters and stone cutters,
here as elsew’here, The aristocracy of la
bor. get from 25 to 50 cents a day. Work
begins at sunrise and keeps up until
dark. Notwithstanding all which strikes
are virtually unknown, and the Chinese
laborer is the happiest and most contented
in all the world.
FLOGGING ENGLISH ROYS.
They Hove No Sense of Personal In
jury When Thrashed.
London, Aug 10.—Public opinion has at
various times expressed itself against the
corporal punishment of boys as degrading
and brutalizing, but the use of the birch
rod has at all times been considered an
important factor in the imparting of
knowledge in all the great public
schools of England.
The system of flogging, like fagging,
still exists though in a lesser degree than
in former years.
In the time of Queen Elizabeth and dur
ing her residence at Windsor Castle, sev
eral hoys ran away from the school to es
cape flogging, and the subject w’asi dis
cussed at the royal table In the presence
of the great Queen, by Lord Burleigh, Sir
Richard Sackville and the celebrated
Roger Ascharo, whose famous treatise on
discipline, “The Schoolmaster,” was the
result of the discussion.
Sir Richard Sackville at the same time,
declared that “an over zealous master had
driven all love of learning from him by
fear of beating.”
This severe discipline is not displeasing
to English parents who look upon a sto
ical demeanor a a a very important part
of their son’s education.
After a famouns rebellion at Eton some
years ago, England’s greatest school (by
reason of the number of illustrious men
she had sent forth), when the boys had
wreaked their vengeance on he whipping
block, and fled from the school in a body,
their parents, members of some of the
greatest families, insisted on some of tho
leaders returning to receive the inevitable
flogging before the inevitable expulsion.
English boys will stand flogging, and
have no notion of Injured personal honor
on that score, no matter what modern
theorists may hold, and many of them
would prefer a thrashing to tim laborious
task so frequently imposed on them.
Eton sent forth more of the subsequent
ly “illusiirlous” under the twenty-four
years of the iron rule of I)r. Keate,
known os the "flogging master.” than she
did at any other period of her existence.
This head master of Eton could not be
described as a Rugby boy once desig
nated the greatest of modern schoolmas
ters. The iad wrote to his father: “I
shall be home next week. I did not do it.
1 know' who did. Of course I can’t peach,
but, if Dr. Arnold knew it I shouldn't
have to go. He’s a beast, but he’s n
Just beast.” Tho letter was sent to Dr.
Arnold and there tvas no expulsion; which
is the most terrible event in the life of
a public school boy, as nil the universi
ties, ho army, the navy, the church are
all closed to n guilty pupil who has been
expelled from school. Thus the follies of
a boy are more heavily visited them tie*
sins of a mail. Dr. Rente gave no quar
ter and was not over particular about
Identity, consequently a boy occasion
ally suffered unjustly. The expediency
with which Keate did execution was .
matter of some pride amongst the schol
ars. On one memorable occasion, when
eighty of them absented themselves from
roll call, without permission, in order to
attend one of their t>oat suppers, he flog
ged the whole batch of them promptly,
vigorously and effectively between mid
night and 1 p. m.
Kinglnke. who was one of Keate’s pu
pils. described him as “a great scholar,
an eloquent poet. <i capital teacher, and
he humorously adds, “one whom you could
not hold lightly—for he had the pluck cf
ten bnttaliotiM and had flogged half tho
ministers, secretaries, bishops and gen
erals of the country.” If the succes# of
a school may lx* judged by the number of
aristocratic scholars, it may Iw* of inter
est to note that “this dispenser of woe”
numbered amongst hi* pupils, sixteen
dukes, fifteen marquises, more than fifty
earls, two prime ministers, with viscounts,
barons, and baronets by the dozen, and
flogged pretty much the whole lot.
—For some time post tvorkrnen have
been engaged in pulling down the mound
on the north ride of Cardiff castle, and
constructing a maasslve wall on tne site
of the Homan foundation, end now three,
quarters of the northern rampart has
been laid bare. The discovert*# made
tend lo throw n great deal of fresh light
upon the condition of Cardiff castle in
Roman times.
ROYALTY AND CIGARETTES.
El BOPEAX ai EEXS WHO SMOKE AS
A MATTER OF- COI RSB.
Their Majesties of England. Russia,
Germany, Holland, Saxony and
Sweden, Are Sternly Opposed to
the I • of Tobacco Ly Women—The
Frlucens of Wales Officially Sanc
tioned Cigarettes of Sandringham
by Offering Them at a. Woman’s
Dinner, and Princes* Louise Makes
\o Secret of Her Devotion to the
Soothing Weed.
Washington, Aug. 17.—Her Majesty, the
Queen of England, has an intense horror
of smoking, for men quiie as much as
lor women. The weed is prohibited at
Windsor Castle and at Balmoral. The
lady has been known to cause her secre
tary to address letters to various cabinet
ministers complaining of the aroma of
tobacco with which official documents
submitted for her signature were impreg
nated.
Her august son, the Prince of Wales,
pays her but few visits on this account.
He is an inveterate smoker, and is sel
dom without a cigar between his lips. The
one reason why he leases a mansion every
summer at Ascot for the race week at an
expense of $20,000. merely for the few days,
is because Her Majesty declines to loan
him her castle for the time, unless he
promises that there shall be no smoking
cn the part of himself, his friends, or his
attendants.
Of the Queen’s daughters, only the
Princess Louise smokes regularly, but the
Princess of Wales and the Princess Maud
of Denmark, are accustomed to indulge
in an occasional cigarette.
Tt was in 1882, that cigarette smoking
among ladies received official sanction—
'he Princess of Wales put them on the
table, or had them passed with the cof
fee, at a dinner given to women only.
Queens nnd Their Tobacco.
Eleven Queens use tobacco. The Dow
ager Empress of Russia, Queen Olga of
Greece. Queen Olga of Wurtemberg, the
Queens of Hungary and Belgium, the
Queen Regent of Spain. Queen Amelie of
Portugal. Queen Marguerite of Italy, Car
men Svlva. the Roumanian Queen, Queen
Natalie of Servia and the Queen of
Egypt. The late Empress of Austria used
to smoke thirty cigarettes a day. The
Queen of Ttaly is said to have declared
that her cigarette is more essential 10 her
comfort than anything else in life; she
always smokes in solitude.. The Quoen
of Spain, when at work, is seldom with
cut an Egyptian cigarette between her
Hp* or in a box close at hand. Tt is
the special privilege of “Bubi” (young
Alphonse XIII) to light the cigareTtes for
his mamma. “When the little King be
comes old enough to reign over a nation,
he will have no Havana.” The Dowa
ger Empress of Russia only smokes in
her boudoir. Queen Natalie is devoted
•to the weed. The Queen of RoumanJa
carries a little golden- box filled wiih cig
arettes. The Queen of Portugal gets her
cigarettes from Dresden: her mother, the
Com* ess© le Paris, is addicted to mild
Havanas of delicious flavor, and she is a
source of considerable fortune to her
dealer in smoking outfits, as she usee
only those which are most rare and
costly.
Queen Olga of Greece, who Is a Rus
sian Grand Duchess, and Queen Olga of
Wurtemhurg, also a Russian, are mem
bers of royalty who burn cigarettes. I*
is quite a matter of course in Russia that
ladle* smoke. The members of the court,
however, have been requested by the
Czarina Alexandra Feodorovna, not to
smoke in her presence—a request which
is equal to a command. Her Majesty
also objects to seeing men smoke, and
Ihe Czar, since his marriage, is not near
ly so devoted to his well-known meer
schaum pipe, so familiar to all the Rus
sian court. The Czarina inherits her ab
horence of taboceo from her mother, the
Princess Alice-. Other royal ladies addict
ed to the weed nre the Queen of Hungary
nnd Henrietta of Belgium.
A Royal Pipe.
The Queen of Egypt—or the wife of the
Khedive—smokes a narghile water-pipe,
which is more picturesque than a prosaic
cigarette. She has a narghile of great
magnificence. The bowl is of engraved
took crystal, mounted in chased gold,
fashicned in the form of a lotus flower.
The tube is concealed by a deftly wrought
netwerk of pink si k an I god thread
while the amber mouth piece and gold
plateau are one mass of sparkling jewels.
It is in the Orient, indeed, that smok
ing has developed into a fine art. The
ladi s of the Zenana are restricted to gos
sip, coffee and tobacco, and nowhere else
arc these things brought to such a stan
dard of perfection. In the Turkish harem
the women inhale the fume s of yellow
“Jcnidjie,” or “Kirilschillar,” ar.d nib
ble ‘‘rahat-lakoum," or bonbons.
An offset to the eleven august ladies,
cci u; ants cf thrones, who smoke, are
the eight majesties who do no:; the
Queen of Er gland, the Czar inn, the Em
pr ss and Dowager Empress of Germany,
the Queen of Saxcny, the Queen of Swed
en. Quten Wilhelmina and the Dowager
Queen Kirma of Holland.
Less August Smokers.
Of grand ladies, of more or less exalted
position, who are in the census of smok
ers, there are the imperial archduchesses
of Austria, who smoke to their h arts’
content and in the most public manner;
the Prncees of Bavaria, many of the
great ladies of France, as the Duchess
d’Ages and the Duchess de Mallle; the
fashion of smoking was set in France by
the btnpr ss Eugenie, more than a quar
ter cf a c< ntury ago. The Empress, like
all Spaniards, w as always happiest win n
puffing clouds of fragrant smoke. During
the Napoleonic regime, there was scarce
ly a corner of the Tuilleries, Ht. Cloud or
Compiegue, which was not rtdolent with
fumes of tobacco.
The Infanta Eulalie smokes, ns those
who had the pleasure of meeting her
when she was In this country, can tes
tify. Of exquisite little Spanish ciga
rettes she had n supply, and what they
lacked in size they made up in strength.
Her smoking outfit was dainty to a de
gree—n lovely gold box with grotesque
carving*, set with diamonds and rubles to
hold the cigarette, a tray with dainty pat-
Cures Dandruff, Falling Hair,
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CURE GUARANTEED
even offer oil other remedies have failed,
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A CHICACO MAN WRITES:
fittl Pnrnll At# . Chlrjwo, Mny lft. INW.
I u#el "Cok Dandruff Cur® 1 ' for b#l<lna #ul
two wrick* u-Iriif ffi hair bcyan to grow. ln*id®of# I
w‘*kt< tny hea'l wui. c®r®d with hair A two cured my
i.ititfht*r of tho worst cm® of dandruff lruagmahl®.
I . r.l). KOlt'l E.
ForHnlo by all Druggi-t# and Marlter#. Trt a
tiiwon imlr nn<i Scalji Troublt*® free on rr quaat
A f Itft rtIKH <‘Oaa - A lllt MgO
He war® of Imitations.
Tba only hair preparation admitted to
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For #n!a by Lslpprnan Broai., Columbia
Jjrug Cos. mj.d ICnlgUi’• and bavau
da.
CANCER
Sufferers from this horrible aju,
nearly always inherit it not
from the parents, but may be from soa
remote ancestor, for Cancer often ra ?
through several generations. Thislwf
poison may lay dormant in the blood id
years, or until you reach middle life, tj,, r
the first little sore or ulcer makes its
pearance—or a swollen gland in ef
breast, or some other part of the hod
gives the first warning.
To cure Cancer thoroughly and pema.
nently all the poisonous virus must be
eliminated from the blood—everv vettjol
of it driven out. This S. S. S. does,
is the only medicine that can reach deej.
seated, obstinate blood troubles like this'
When all the poison has been forced oa
of the system the Cancer heals, and tS
disease never returns.
Cancer begin soften in a small wav, as the
following letter from Mrs. Shirer’shows ■
A small pimple came on my jaw about aa i o .v
below the car on the left side or my face,
me no pain or inconven- K
eince, and I should have A
foreotten about it had it fa
notbegun to infiame and
itch; it would bleed a itv-, - ;
little, then scab over, but v-v ,
would not heat This w
continued for some time, WJ
when my jaw began to uSdSsmLlg An
swell, becoming very 4J.
painful. The Caueer be- jfe
gan to eat and spread, Jjfif
until it was as large as a hS /Hf
half dollar,when I heard IffiUK.
of S. S. S. nnd determin- 'tHk
cd to give it a fair trial, Vt "SyjiaijKsfiil?
and it was lemarkable ' u).
what a wonderful effect ~ f.
it had from the very beginning: the sore bega nfa
heal and after taking a few bottles dUapoeam?
entirely. This was two years ago ; there are stS
no signs of the Cancer, and my general h*atlh
R. Shzrer, La Plata, Mo!
blood and tbe
our Iree book on
Cancer, containing valuable and interest
ing information about this disease, and
write our physicians about your case. Wfi
make no charge for medical advice
THE SWIFT SPECIFIC 00..'ATlftMTA. CA.
ties for receiving the ashes, a match
safe of exquisite workmanship, a vase
form filled with cigarette holders, end
a vestal lamp of lovely shape and de
sign.
In the reign of Louis XIV court ladies
were fond of smoking tobacco, and al
though the “Grand Monarch” disliked the
weed extremely, his daughters did not dis
dain to avail themselves of its sola
When they became wearied of the eti
quette end gravity of the court, they
frequently indulged in revelry in their
apartments after supper. On one occa
sion. when, at a late hour, the Dauphin
had left the card table, he heard a noise
ir. that part of the palace, end went to
find the cause. To his amazement, he
found the ladies smoking nnd laughing,
and discovered that they had borrowed
their pipes from the officers of the Swiss
guard.
In their use of the fragrant weed, the
Japanese have displayed a supreme re
finement. The roughest coolie, equally
with the lady of rank or the minister of
state, are all content with n tiny pipe,
which does not hold enough to- make even
Queen Mnh sneeze. Into a bowl tht size
of an acorn, cup. they insert a little roll
ed pill of the fine-cut leaf, thrust it
into the glowing charcoal, and inhale just
one fragrant whiff of blue smoke. Then
they shake out the little burning plug,
and load up for a second ippu-ka. The
habit of smoking a great pipeful to the
bitter er.d is incomprehensible to the
Japanese.
Much fancy and fashion are displayed In
smoking gear. Ladies carry their pip-'$
in long silk-embroidered cases, and
tobacco in a silken pouch attached by a
silver or jeweled clasp. The pipe itself
may be a commonplace article in reed
and brass, or a work of art in silver vc
gold, elaborately chased and enameled.
THE SALT l\ THE SEA.
There Is nn Incredible Amonnt of It,
nnd It Got There Very Simply.
From the London Express.
A certain nervous child is reported to
have wept on first seeing the ocean, and
for no other reason than that there was
“so much of it.”
There is. indeed, no lack of see on this
little planet of ours—nearly three times as
much aalt water surface as there is dry
land. And the salt in it is an almost in
credible quantity. Roughly speaking, f
you take the salt out of the sea you
deprive it of n thirtieth of its weight. On
this/ basis one-thirtieth of the entiio
weight of all the sea water in the world
is salt, and ns salt and water bulk about
the same, we may estimate also, that, by
bilk, one-*thirtieh of the huge mass of
the oceans is pure salt. What does this
bring to us?
Taking the 130 odd million square miles
of the five oceans to average e mile and
n half deep, we have in them alone 200.-
000,000 cubic miles of salt water. A thir
tieth of this should give us the bulk of
the salt contained in the great waters of
the globe.
Rounding the figures, we get something
like 7,000,000 cubic miles of salt. If It
were all taken out nnd spread over the
surface of the six continents they would
l>e covered l with its snowy powder to
depth of twice *he bight’of fit. Paul’?.
To put jt another way, if all the ear*h
were salt water, there would be enough
of the flavoring principle in it to maks
two moons of solid salt but very lit.le
smaller than our present satellite.
But these comparisons are almost too
huge for handling; let us take something
smaller. Tin* rolling waters of the Eng
lish channel are familiar to all Londone r -
How much salt is there in them? Close
upon a hundred cubic miles. Made into
a convenient block and swung over tno
metropolis by a giant derrick, it would
grind London lo dust.
How dil all this salt get into the Eng
lish Channel—how did that 7.000.C00 cubic
miles of U get Into the five oceans? ft
is a big question, nnd it has n wonderful
answer—art answer that goes hack to the
beginning of things. When the earth was
a half-cooled body all <b* water now’ ur*on
it was floating about the hot surface in
mighty clouds of steam. As the enrth
went on cooling its chemical processes set
free vast masses of what the chemist
knows as chloride of sodium, what we call
common salt. This lay on. the ground in
a kind of fros’ty deposit. When the earth
got cool enough the floating clouds ca*n®
down in a deluge tha.t may have lasted
for ages, nnd, melting the salt deposit'*
as they rolled over the ground In count
less rivulets, swept with it into the deep
es4 hollows of the earth’s surface ana
formed the salt seas. So the sea has
always been salt. But the pnlt in the
is not all the Salt there is In the world-
There is n largo quantity in the rocks
and the /v>il, a fraction of which is oar
tied year by year into the oceans by tj 1 "
rivers. Yet the ocean Is not getting s&ft'
ler. This is because the sea
take up salt into the structure of theb
bones and shells, and when they die an
leave those lo He upon the ocean bed
suit remains locked up ns It were * a *
trre D a famous accountant, and bn lan- f
out her profit and lowa to the utterm°
fa rthing.
—T>e has been discovered for old ipß*'
car spring. It has been found that these
often contain enough carbon to P* rrT ? 1 ’;
of making cold chisels. Forging Into t
necessary rm Is ensy and the adding'
al carbon required may I** added by th
cementation proceas. Cold chisel# ma
fn this way coat half s much
high grades of steel which were forme *
Ay ucedi