Newspaper Page Text
6
ABOUT THE SEED BUSINESS.
IT* MOIUOII UROWTH l> THE
LA9T TWENTY -FIVE YEARS.
Tkr First Iteenrded lair of herds In
Tilts I uunirj Was In 17R.1 Ra
Over IWMOKI Irrra Ira I’lanlrd In
I'raa lluar*Thr Rise of thr To
mato.
From the Washington Star.
The wonderful development whlrh has
been made In thla countt, during (he past
few year* In every line of enterprise la
nowhere belter Illustrated than by an In
vestigation recently completed under the
auaplcet of the United Slates government
by A. J. Pieter* of the division of bot
any. Department of Agriculture. Mr.
Pieters examination* were to ascertain
la is nlHiut seed selling, seed growing
and seed testing, of which the public
are up to this time unaware.
The many things learned by Mr P’.eter*
led him to conclude that the development
of the seed business of the country forms
me of tlie most Interesting chapters in
American horticulture, and that from
email beginnings In the later colonial
.•ertods thr business has grown so that
<o-day Ita value Is measured by millions
of dollars.
Al first the business was carried on In
email shops, where a few boxes of seeds
hsred a corner with codfish or a shelf
with calicos and Umlts. but (lie lime has
irrlved. says Mr. Pieters, when It claims
for Itself immense warehoust sand busi
ness establishments whose Interests ex
end to every quarter of the globe. The
tade has grown with the country, and It*
eaders have Influenced a popular taste
ror good vegetable* and flue flowers, cre
itlng and Stlmulatlnw a demand which
only their enterprise could suffice to meet.
The first sale of seeds In this country,
o fsr ws Is known, was made at New
rt. R. 1.. In 1763, by Nathaniel Rlrd.
sxok dealer, and the assortment was lim-
ited to that of onions, recently Imported
com Ixmdon. In New York city hemp
ind tlax u*,| was advertised for sale ns
•srly as 1765, and garden seeds In 1776. Rut
Itoston was the chief city for the sole of
rarden needs, ns II was the commercial
enter nt that time. In the Ronton On
train of 1767. six out of twenty-six ad
vertisers were dealers In seeds. Some of
•he*** did not advertise other good*, bu:
a Is rtoublful whether they were seed
dealer - exclusively. William Davidson,
the gardener in Sevan Star lane, offered
In 176*. seeds of fifty-six varieties of veg -
--tables and herbs, and of one flower, th
.a.rnation Home of hi* price* were .
follow*: Lettuce, 8 to 4 penc-c per ounce,
cabbage. 9 pence to a shilling per ounce;
c.iultflower. 3 .-hilling* per ounce; carna
tion. 4 shilling* |a>r ouiu-e. Mont of the
other vegetable and herb need* range-1
from - pence to a shilling per ounce; pete.
Karly < iold- n Hotspur anil Early Charl
on, were worth 24 shilling* the bushel, or
td pence per quart. I)avl.l*on dealt In
lends Wholesale and retail for rash.
The war for independence. Interrupting,
is It did, the regulnr channels of trad.-,
■nterfered with the lm|*>rtltk>n of seed*
dial the few garden seeds offereil during
his tlm- were either imported from Hol
■nd or were taken from prise *h!|* Im
mediately after ih* war there was a re
vival of the trade In seeds, and In 17M
John Adams, Hosanna Henkin nn-1 Busan
ti.l 31 aitm all advertised seeds Just im
parted from Ixxndon.
One of the first seed men of the pres
ent century was Hernar.l McMahon, gar
dener. seedsman and author, who. In I*7o,
opened a serai siore In Philadelphia A de
scription of his store, whlrh has been
preserved, throw* light on the enndMlon
of the trade at that time and It Is as fol
low*; "His store was tn Second street,i
below Market, on the east side Many
must still be alive who recollect Ms bulb
window, ornamented with tulip glasses,
a large pumpkin and a basket or two of
bulbous roots.
"Behind the counter officiated Mrs. Mc-
Mahon. with some considerable Irish ac
cent. hut a most amiable and excellent
disposition, and withal an able saleswo
man. Mr. McMahon was also much In
the ssors, either putting up seeds for
transmission to all parts of this country
and Rurope, writing his hook or attend
ing to his correspondence; and In one
corner was a shelf containing a few bo
tanical or gardening books, for which
there was then a very small demand; an
other contained n few garden tmple
meors. such as knives and trimming scis
sor*. a barrel of peas and a bag of seel
ing potatoes, an onion receptacle and a
few chairs, and the room, partly lined
with drawers containing seed*, constitut
ed the apparent tock In trade of what
was one of the greatest seed stores then
known In the Union, and where was
transacted a eonslderable business for
that day."
In the fall of Orant Thorburn he
r*n to eel! need* In New York, and sub
sequently built up a substantial business
During the next quarter of a
century seed store* were opened
In Baltimore, Boston :m>l Charlea
ton, B C.. aa well aa In Phila
delphia and New York, nnd there waa a
ronsid-'rable trade In Shakers' seeds.
These Shakers' web were popular aa ear
ly aa I*l*. They were sold hy regular deal
er*. and were peddled about the country
tn the Bhakere’ wagon* The population cf
the Polled Stales had Increased from a
little more than three muttons of whites
In 179 b to ten and a half millions In I*3o
While most of the trade between IKS) and
l*sh was local or wholesale to country
dealers, a chance took place with the ad
vent of the locomotive The lamer hotires
reached out for wider Helds, made acces
sible by railways, and new Arms spring
up In every city of considers bln size The
rapid Increase In railways not only open
ed up a vast and flourishing country, but
facilitated transportation In the Host and
ma le possible the Immense development
of the- mall trade.
Thirty yaars ago one hundred letters a
day wa considered a large business To
day Nome houses receive over six thou
sand letters a day during the busy season.
Firms that twenty years ago employed
only one or two clerks now employ a hun
dred during the winter months. Through
out the West the seed business has flour
ished. and there ta a house In Wisconsin
whose trade has Increased MO per cent. In
the past fifteen years. A single ware
house of one Western Arm now has be
tween eeven and eight acres of floor space.
Before the beginning of the century only
three seed farms had been established In
the United States, though for many years
seeds were grown by farmers and market
gardeners. The present development of
garden ecds began when David Lnndreth
• Atabllehed a small aeed farm at Philadel
phia In 17*4 At first but a few acres were
cultivated, and these were mostly occu
pied by the nursery. As the hustn-s*
grew more land was added, until In iWO
gome t(P acres were under cultivation near
Philadelphia alone. The Clalrmont seed
Bardens, near Baltimore. Md., iippll-l
some of tbs dealers of that city about ISM
and probably earlier.
The opening of the fivll War found the
country still largely dependent upon Im
ported garden seeds. The heavy taxes
and the premium on gold raised the prices
ot all Imported seeds to such an extent
that the dealers began to look anxiously
for n home *ut>piy. This condition sttmu
lited home production and as many seed
farms were established between 1M) amt
1870 a* during the thirty years before the
war. • Veel
Since the close of the war the business
of seed growing has rapidly Increased.
Notwithstanding some lmi>orterx of aeed*
declared In I*B7 that American seed grow
ing was a mvth there were at that time
more than 2,<Du acree devoted to raising
vegetable and flower seeds, and about
ekv years later It was estimated that
the t t and area then devoted to growing
garden seeds was about 70 acres. Of
th-ae 3 000 In the state of New York pro
duced peas and beans
The census oj UW snowed ibet there
wrr® In the United •end farm*,
conultving m rta, ct which &>.tn7
were actually pr< ducln# *cd crop*. Tin
productin of icd l Kil l incrtMi-Iriit. and
It Ih staled on good authority that
• t
Alone, and half as t any to b> an < In IS #
wo Import®*! half our wrinkled sorts; n w
wo supply rhu twg at root and import
only In case of failure • f the crop
Flower seed* are eaten*tv*l> grown in
California, where then* Is cultivated
great assortment of varieties, and while
marly ail klnda flourish, there Is so much
hard work and clove application ueceaeary
tluit we have not been *b> to su •
fully compete with Europe o* most things.
Hwect peas, nasturtiums, cosmos, ver
benas. jtetunhi* and aster# ar* quite ►a *•
ce*i*fully grown, aial tins a*el trade now
looks to t akfornln for of the sweet
(teas and a great many nasturtiums.
t4outhtn California has several very
prominent growers of fine double petunia*
and other |>i|i.t.<. The ru|4d advanee of
the California f*swt pea > • and In popular-
Ity la m>t mar velour A beginning was
made In this line In a m<*l**rate way
about IMCi, when then were not over a
dozen varieties listed. At first about a
quarter of m acre was grown; now one
grower alone h<o grown from 180 to ’>
acrew of them each year for tlie past five
years. aixl there ar no less than l£f v
rletUs In his complete list. This grower
has Introduced tnor* than hnnty varie
ties of great merit in the last three
years, among them the famous race of
"Cupfciw ” Ho ImiKjrtant a factor have
the i 'allfortd sweet pea grow* rs ber*ome
to the seed tride that some thalers go
there annuali> from the East to Inspect
the growing crop® md to hunt for nov
elties In the sweet pea line. Flower seed®
are grown In it numb r of places through
out the United Hint*--, hut only a portion
of the tral- I suppihd with home-grown
seeds. OutsKle of California limited
anioort's of (tower seeds are grown, the
ktrsts is-ing aster*, phlox, pe
tunia, verbenu. portul.ica, Inznla. balsam,
hollyhock, pansies, sweet |M-a. begonias,
• arsl some green house plants.
It Is Interesting to tw*e the history of
the tomnto. Its gradual rise In |H>pilarlty
*mtl the rapidity with which new var -
ilec app*'at*l when once Its |**4itton w.e
.assured originally no American 4*or>tri
butlon to horticulture. It was first used
a. a for*! by the Litln races of teurop*.
In New Orle.inw they were used in catsup
ns early ns 177!#. but in the English colo
nies tom • toes were planted only a* om •-
merit*, under the name of “love uj|.;v."
In IKK. however, they began to be popu
inr us fooil. In IM7 there were six or
seven varieties, but there wis not mii'h
difference between them By IWi hun
dreds of o re.- were planted with this veg
etable In (he vl unity of I’nlkek Ipd*
tone. Ih UW‘. the tomato tv as a unlver
-l favorite. It hut become a commercial
staple. earn! 1.000 acre® are said to have
le#-n devoted #o its cult Iva: kg) in the
neigh rliood of Fhlkidi Iphtu I Hiring
that year the Tllden appt irel and at once
t*k first rank In the next five years
the Moupay. Foanl. Eureka. Cook's Fav
orite. I lost on Market. Dlxey, Crimson
Cluster and General Grant were introduc
ed. She General Grant being the best *,f
the numlwr and a really good tomato.
From six varieties |n I*o the number in
crease*! to thirty In IW*>. m.| in IK.v Amer
ican seedsmen catalogued 212. vari* tie* of
t multi
The development In the varietbs of
Mower* grown from ***ed. If not conspti'U
°“s. baa f*een not !♦• remirkaW* In. I ted
It nviy be paid that in the entire history
to equal the phenomenal Improvement in
the nweet pea.
In the United Htate* reputable see*U
rmn have tested for germlnatkn pr \mh y
since ih** flrsf s-ed firm was started. The
stat** experiment stations have for a long
tlm** don*- something In practical ere I
testing. Among other s atlons that have
contributed to the work ir Arkansas.
Cornell. New York. Delawor®. Illinois.
Indlma. lowa. Maine, Massachusetts.
Minn* s vtn. North Dakota. New Mexico.
Pennsylvania. Hb>de Island. South Caro
lina. Hourh Dakota. Vernvait and Wis
consin.
Th<* le(>artment of agr culture has con
ductel ii small trial ground for th** last
three years at Kens gton Md . In con
nection with the seed laboratory. Here
siiidlcs of varieties are mad®, all the ob
tainable varieties of cn*' kind being
grown for one or mo e seasons, and care
ful notes and plnuagraph* taken Unde
termined weed seG* found In Imported
grasses and forage plants are also plant
ed and the plants grown to maturity.
Many of these prove to l*e se* ds unknown
In the l T nled Htatis. and the department
can thus to some extent k* rp Informed
of the weeds now being Introduce! Into
this country.
WIM rilTI HIM! C AMM.K*.
Advances That Have Hern Miule In
Che Industry.
From the Scientific American Supplement.
The discovery of gns lighting nnd im
provements in lamps have done much to
curtail the manufacture of candle#, but
It Is yet n vast Industry. An estimate
of the eonaumptlon in elite United States
places It at 22.000.000 pounds annually.
Candles ore still the staple Illuminating
medium for the poor of large cities and for
all clmwe* In small towns nnd villages
where there ore cither Insufficient or no
gas work*. Country hotels ami taverns
are large consumers, and the preference
of natty people for randies over lamps,
as portable lights keeps up a constant
demand tn all sections. Candles likewise
are the true aristocrats among illumina
tors. and the renaissance In art taste
which hoM* no illumlftntlng medium to be
quite so beautiful and effective as the
candle for dinner tables amt party nnd
ball rooms calls for an extensive manu
facture of fine gra-h-s Now. It is not
the beauty of the polished brass or sil
ver candelabrum alone which makes ap
peal lo the aesthetic Judgment, for. ex
cept the yet Imperfect electric light, no
illuminator can give so pure and while
a light as ii perfect candle. The linnet
fruit of science applied to the once home
ly Industry Is the stearic acid mold can
dle of to-day. which Is not only quite a*
handsome In appearance us the wax can
dle. but burns with equal brilliancy and
purity, and Im* to a great extent usurped
the place of the more costly light. The
mines of the far Wes* share with the bou
doirs ami salons ami dining rooms of the
East In the consumption of the beet of
these candles. Avery large proportion
of the lineal grades gm* to Nevada.
Colorado and the other mining slates and
territories of the Pacific *h>i>o. the high
temperature of the mine demanding a very
hard and pure candle. The old candle
would be entirely useless here. foV tuliotv
melts ot from 90 degrees to ltd degrees
Fahrenheit, amt the temperature of the
Friend
ivatTHIS wonderful f*'
. dMaailpw ■ liniment which B.
—4 ££i ha* helped *o
rmany women through the
Vedu-aBl dreadful ordeal • f chlld
birth, is well named It Is
a friend tndee t And It
We do
MBNA kr.-w , . Whi r. . faith
f at!* u< and • ha* n. t <J. ne
RfWS; ...J • mf.r e And th
Usnuse.ulm, I: will do
! swa< —l*7- I *:i •he danger a
■■l of pregnnn.v, wdl make
■kHI *•
■ni ruing
"■ e ' *' V- -. : pr
■■Cl
iMFITII Igure Is- t that bnoc ' u
■m
HSSS3' • Mnlhoj-'m / rlond ■'
rEjssHR the drug -tore.
f ‘ r I* M-r bottle.
VI BBAW.IID RI&UAI0B CO.
V V y Atleete.be.
X Write tor our tree illostrstci P
book, " Before Hal,y I* Bom"
THE MOKNING NEWS, SATURDAY, SEPTEMBER 1. 19€0.
llteially live* up to It* nsm*— ktd-Wkr. soft, pliable, yet flim. net
THOMSON’S
“Glove-Fitting” Corset
, Turn it over sad see bow lt’ made,
t i, rj*-~ **am* run around the body.
M lli J IF-'- ur Vcnlilgting Corset,
EpA - >e—*l llff uXh*±~%nihl (TrsAo Mark Register, dl. mails cf Im
"+**Snr;*l p rtl netting, stripted w.lth *jutll. a.d
• I trtinm*d w.th lac® and taby rli>l n |l uj
’ / I.Uht >, a f.-,th-r V t .*>• as ths
fjfl stror.g-st. Hi* dv< m Uluatratcd cits*
n-1/ Oco C. Balt heller &Co.,J4a Uroadw ay.N. V.
For sale by all leading; dry goods stores.
t h e BEE HIVE,
N. SCHUTZ,
st. Julian and Whitaker Streets,
The Newest and Much Wanted
Ladies’ and Gentlemen’s Furnishing Goods
Priced Specially Low for This September Selling.
R.ulies' White I’olkn Dot Hose 10c
I-i l- Ht.ilnleea Tan Hose, double
heel ami toes 10c
ladlM' Itlack Cotton Hose, high
spliced heel* and loe* 9c
lasdles' Ul.uk laice Dial* Hose, full re*-
ii.ar m.Mle. perfect shaped l*c
Infants’ I,l*l ellose 10c
la. lies' lilhhcd t.auxe Vest* 3c
Dadlr*' White I,lnen Collar*, up-to-date
shape* 9.
!.;idh>' Sal in rttm-k Co!iara So
lio>.-' H.llln Windsor Tie*, light and
dark colors Sc
de, p mines of N'ev.iila ofie reschea, 13>
d*rees and even 13> degrees. A food
"'carle n. id riri.ll- will withstand a tem
perature of from 15 degree* lo 10 degrees
more than ibis.
ih- eteorle arid candle, whlrh Is now
the principal randk- of traile, represents
tie* high-water mark of the progress In
randk inuking which Isgan seventy years
ago. I nlilie Its |a lull live preileressor,
the tallow -Up. It Is a prorlurt of st'lenllffc
*"*dv. and one of the many trlumps of
philosofihlr chemistry. The movement
which i ff.--<rd a complete revolution In
the Industry, and ran a rapid growth aft
er once It wns narito!. was an outcome of
the discoveries of M E. Chevreul. tho
French > hemlst. published to the world In
Ix3, In hi* book. “Recherche* sur le* Corps
Gras d'Orlglne Animate." In It lira the
foundaibai of all our prevent knowledge
of ih. chemistry of fatly oils, a rut this
knowledge Is the starting point of modern
can.llemr.klng Chevreul established the
scientific fad that, as a rule, all fatty
oils, loth liquid and aolld, are neutral
comjxxunds of glycerin* and the so-called
fatly acids. In candle fats these acids
are stearic and oleic.
Stearic add Is a crystalline substance,
unctuous to the touch, but not greasy. It
melts at ■■ temperature a little short of
JM degrees and when burned through a
wick gives out a white and clean light.
Oleic acl.l la liquid nt common tempera
ture*. and wns the cause nt the melt
ing nt the old tallow candles at a tempera
ture 7* degree* lower than Is withstood
by pure etearlc acid. The glycerine
bn*.' caused them to burn yellow and to
smoke with an offensive odor. The dis
covery of the chemical properties of these
constituent elements of randle fat led with
a eingle step to the fundamental Idea of
the Improvement In candle making; olelc
acid and glycerine are deleterious to the
candle, and must be removed; and all the
at. P- since taken—and they followed hard
on the heel* of the tlrst—have looked to
the doing of this In the meet expeditious
and cheap manner, and the perfection of
the molding machinery.
Naturally the tlrst processes were
rh.mica’, bu! they put a great obstacle
of costliness In the way of the manufac
ture. v. hi h alne st proved fatal The
early industry, after surmounting the
difficulty by combining mechanical means
with chemical In separating and purify
ing the fais. again came near suffering
shipwreck from another cause. It was
found by the French chandlers, to whom
lielongs much credit for developing as
w.-ll as originating the modern method,
that tho stearic acid on cooling In the
mold crystal!!* and and the oandles became
unsightly, brittle and uneven of combus
tion. The remedy appeared to lie In break
ing the grain of the add. and this was
done by the Introduction of powder.
Unfortunately, white arsenic was the
p wder chosen, and the result was so
• • * . - W- = 1i U ll,*t t 'heve
il nurtiuiv itijtat t • ■
real's discoveries wee brought Into dis
repute. and the early |>art of atearlo add
randle making was almost annihilated
It tter study found a simple nnd harm
less remedy to lie In lowering the tm
perature of the acid before pouring It
Into the mold and In heating the mold to
receive It. Improvements wre also suc
cessively made In the methods of pre
pirin* the fat. and whin, finally. Amer
ican Ingenuity was brought to bear upon
the mechanical side of the problem, a
mochln- was ileveloped out of Bleur de
I’.rs-x s last-century mild that has mar
velously simplified .md cheapened the
nmnufa lure of candles The purification
of th. fat had d>ne much to Improve the
combustion, and the smoke had been
abolished; th. flame, too, had become
much brighter and clearer, and the snuf
fing of the wick had become less neces
{y for the combustion being mope per
fect the wick, whose only duty Is to
conduct the oil to be flame was more
nearly consumed. A little attention to tho
making of wick* soon banished the snuf
fers and the snuff tray to the curiosity
shops of the antiquaries
The old-fashl m. and wick* wsre simply
twisted fambaerre* conceived the plan
of palling them with one strand lighter
il- i th' 1 others In the candle the wick
I- ..pt stinight by the hardened fat. but.
•
a*rand draws the end cf the wick over
10 on. side i-o that It Is brought In <-on
t i ( with the outer envelop, of the flame
where the combustion Is most perfect be
cauc of the literal supply of oxygen
r< iv .Ifr m g *r. nod thtls the wick
Is continue usly consumed.
Tin: I* OK KLlß*#
One Stable Will Keep a Loras Yelh
hnrhood supplied With Them.
Harvey Sutherland In Aluslee's.
••If you burn Inaect powder In on old
♦ln pan It will kill mosqultoe*. A person.
I mention no names, tried It to kill fllee
1 1 made the house smell like Fourth of
July, though quieter. The tiles atm about
their business a* usual, und never so
much ns coughed. Two or three alighted
on the edge of the pan. •Hello!’ said one
•What’s this? Something new? Bay,
Where W.ts you yesterday? I was lookin'
for you nil over.' It never feaxed them.
Lavender flowers, they say. will dlxcour
age flies. Don't you believe It. They
won't do anything ot the kind. At the
soda fountains, though, where otherwise
the sweet slop* would attract flits, by i
die millions, the druggists scatter essence j
of n*-afrn It Is rather amusing to I
watch a fly salt In the door and make
for the counter. 'I-emtne see now." you
■ m almost hear him say, *1 think I II
take vauUUi kt-etts—' and then be
Gentlemen's Beamless Half Hose, tan*
ai .l black 7c
Gentlemen's Boild Color and Fancy
Striped Half Hose, pure combed Egyp
tlan yarn 10c
Gentlemen's Imported Unbleached Hal
hrlggan Half Hoi, 10c
Pilling A Madeley's Olyirpia Half Hose,
seamless, double soles, double heels
and toes .....124*c
Gentlemen's Bleached Ralbrlggan Un
dershirts jsc
Roys' Fancy Percale Shirts, collar at
tached aoc
Gentl,-men's Matin Teck and Four-in-
Hand Ties 19c
strikes that sassafras ami crlee; 'Fuel Lw
me out of here qukk!' Flies do not like
sassafras at all. ft Is rather an Insistent
perfume, and I do not know that I mv
self should rare for It for hreukfist.
luncheon rind dinner for weeks and weeks,
all through flywlim
Hear the conclusion of the whole mat
ter. The armies of flies are to be dts
ccmflt.d only by mucking the base of
supplies It Is an old saying that If you
kill one fly. forty will come to the funeril.
Three Iwtle skirmishes xvlth fly poison amt
st.' ky paper are useless. To fence our
selves in with screen* is hardly worthy
of civilised people It is like living In
forts besiege,| by snvagee It k< arum
time* said (hat the old-fashioned house
keeper who Is forever cleaning up Is both
ered With few insect visitors of any kind,
low I put up nn umbrella against the
storm of Indignation sure to break over
my head by declaring that the most scru
leiloun cleanllnras will no: avail when
there Is n stable near. One stable will
o P . * * ar * r neighborhood amply sup
Piled with flies daily in the season. It
,hrowln * •he manure, tn
b h lbh h a y . tn,<> '' ,m an< * covering
It With quicklime to kill the eggs and
roj'**. but where on* man is thus care
rul nine hundred ami ninely-olnc will
not lake the trouble Ro great has l.en
...a SK*"” ° r ln, ‘ ' ml ‘ey-car, the bicycle
automobile that every one has
01 invention to
He ue horseless travel, but we sh-nl
look long ami look in vain for the d.,v of
cowless milk. Till then we shall have ro
an.L h r ,, I ,hlnk '' ,h ' rnil " the superior
fmJTn n ° rM " for • h, ‘ so!" (>f hi*
foot In the contemplation of what we In the
:“l y °f <wtv self-conceit, ca.l Thelow!
a n <>ur -ncal Ignorance of
ml,. h b U *” n °‘ Mnow J"*' how
rooiish and no-account the male |* 1,,,,
marker Bbly ' nf ’ r ,t "" h " '•
marke.il> deflclent as usual, seeing that
ranch*’” " r,> *° <■'<'' together that they
I?gn t/T ° th< ‘ r Th "' - -l"W * had
sign. If jouseeanybody wlih eyes close to-
Zj;; i : e £: nt,,M ,n tMnk
The fly has two sorts of eves, the big
sbiTor'Th 'Z: r'J • bunph ° t
H-. n L h for knocking .-.hot!, In
*?*'**• simple eves on the top
of the head for use In a poor light cew
iZ., J re J" lnL i,-or Into ee
etasles of admiration ovci the creature
that has 8.000 eyes cm each *(,}.. of n ,. a ,,
It might tie well to remember that they
are not of much account, in case of old
files kept over winter, the compound
eyes rave In and gel broken, yet the fly
seems to get along and And food. One kln l
pr**ntl<tnan varnish***! ov**r th* nimH**
eyea and plucked off the wings of gome
m# *\ found that h** mt<ht ho)*) u
candle close enough lo burn the compound
eye* of <ne Hy before It had a suspicion
that anything out of the common was
going on In daylight he look a knitting
needle and brought It up In front of the
fly close enough to touch Its antennae be
fore It dodged. If the knitting needle
was brought up on one side, Mr. Fly pick
ed up his sticking plasters quite lively.
"Most respectable Insects have two pairs
of wings, but a fly has only one pair, with
a scallop on the rear edge of each, show
ing that In earlier days II had 'opener*.'
even If they went Into the discard later.
These scallops are called 'halters ' or bal
ancers. and It Is the theory of some that
they help to steer the <v. They say that
when the starboard balancer Is cMpi-d
off, the fly goes hard a-atarhoard. and vice
versa. Hut under each of these wales Is
a globular process, with a long tube
fringed with cilia, believed lo be sensitive
to odora. These globular processes pump
air Into the nervures or veins of the
wings and keep them taut and stiff, for
Ihln though the wring may seem, it Is
really a double texture. I‘erhaps clipping
off the balancer lets the air out ot tho
wing and so disables It. A fly la able to
saunter along through the air at the rate
of five feet a second, but when It Is In a
■■articular hurry It can go about thirty
live feel a second, which Is a two-thirty
gait. Its wings beat the air at about the
same rate of vibration as the piano siring
K. first line of the treble staff; but that
Is not Us only* means of audible expres
sion. When It gels excited and cannot
break away from the fly-paper It mikes
Its thorax vibrate at a higher pitch. You
have heard that t’ampanlnl could sing
high C with chest voice. He could not.
but a fly with Its feet atuck fast can."
An Acoaatlc Phenotncnou.
From the Chicago Record.
Perhaps the greatest mystery In Yellowy,
stone Park Is an acoustic phenomenon
that appears near the continental divide.
Early In the morning, usually soon after
daybreak, at Shoshone Lake, a strange
sound Is heard in the air. It begins softly
In the remote distun e, resembling the
singing of telegraph wire*, some have
said, or the peculiar whirr of a trolley
car. It grows kni.br and louder ns It ap
proaches the hearer, then decreases af
ter It has passed him, and dies away In
the opposite direction. The sound lias
been ewmpared lo various familiar things
by different people who have heard It.
Prof. Forbss. for exampl-, say* that It
reminded him of an aeoilan tmrp Ed
ward Linton compared It to the humming
of a swarm of bees; others have likened
It to the sound of the music of di-tant
bell*, and the Imagination of many ob
servers ha* found various forms of com
parison. but the phenomenon Itself wo*
never had a satisfactory solution. Its
weird character comports with Its pic
turesque surroundings, end even the most
practical and hard-headed man visitor
must feel a sense of awe In the presence
of this remarkable song In lha air. The
easiest explanation Is to attribute the
sound to thr rle.trie currents In the at
mosphere
I.KIMI t lltt ITT RAt EM.
Final Da, Wound tp With Mnme I■-
lercsttug Features.
Providence, K. 1.. Aug. 31.—The hn.il day
of the Grand Circuit racing wound up
win-. Ih. U.-i two heats being rwa off tn
the dark. In thr unfinished 3:X> trot.
Uady Geraldine, the local favorite, won
after wring the llfth heat. Dan W’cat
l.trtd won the 311 pace. In which Btack-r
Taylor was the favorite. Roster was the
favorite in the 2.17 trot and won In a
six-heat lace which was concluded In
datknes*. Summaries:
2:30 trot, purse $2 uun. Uady Geraldine
won second, third and sixth heat* and
ta,<; Joe Watts, second; Maggie Ander
son. third Joe Watts won the fourth and
fifth heat# and Maggie Anderson first
hr at Time 2:l2V*; 2.114; *:!*; 2:144. 2.124:
2:124.
214 paring, purse fl.ooo. Dan Westland
won In three- straight heats; Slacker Tay
lor. second; Fred W.. third. Time 2 CSV,.
217 'rat. purse 11 .ran. Roster won sec
ond. fifth and sixth heats and race;
Ortana. second: Fhillp E . third. Ortana
won third and fourth heats. Philip E first
heat. Time 2:15; 2:124; 2:134. 2:144. 2:154:
2:174-
2:17 pacing, purse lI.tMP. George won
tlrst, se.xxmi and fourth heats and race;
Ituna, second; Haha. third. Ituns won sec
ond heat. Time 2:094; 3:104; 3:1*4; *ll4
GOOD CARD AT NHBKP9HEAD.
( onvoy, the Hot F'avorlle, Won the
Mapphlre Slakes.
N w York, Aug. 31 —There was a good
attendance at Sheepshtad Ray to-day. the
card being attractive. The chief event
was the Sapphire a'akrs In which Coo
voy ww a hot favorite, and won In a
driving flnhsb from Bcllarlo In the turf
handl ap. Jack Feint was the oho ce with
lady Massey, a strong second choice, as
Sloan was upon her. Potente made the
running with I-atly Ma-sey and Jack
Point clore behind Up the back stretch
Sloan get Into a p> cket. but he got out
of It In the stretch and won by a length
and a half by goed rbllng. Summaries.
Flrei Race—Five furlong* Onduras. 5
to 1, won, with Inshot. 3) to 1. and Id to
1 second, and Duerana. 4 lo l third. Time
1 DO 1-5.
Second Race—Six furlong* Annoy. 13
10 5. won. with Zeemora, 6 to 5 and 1 to
2 second, and Chanticleer, 5 to 2. third.
Time 1:15 1-5.
Third Race—Sapphire stakes. Convoy. 6
to 5. won, with Del arid, in to 1 and 3 to
I. second, aid Six Shooter, 7to 2. third.
Time 1:06 3-5.
Fourth Race—One and nnr-rtghth miles.
Kavontua. 7 to 1. won. with King Rram
he. 3 to 1. and even second, and Bomb
shell. 9 to 5. third. Time 1:53 3-5.
Fifth Race—One mile OPa, K to 1,
won, with Fleuron. TO to 1 and 15 to 1.
second, and Silver Garter. 15 to 1. third.
Time 1:41.
Sixth Racr—Turf handicap. mll and a
quarter I only Mrsssy. * to 2. won. with
Potente, 6 to 1 and 2 to 1. second, and
First Whip. sto 1. third Time 2DS3-6.
REH'LT* Ot THK DIAMOND.
Brooklyn l.ost an I nlnterestlnu
tinme tn Philadelphia.
Brooklyn, N. Y„ Aug 31 Both Kennedy
and Bernard were retired In the second
Inning to-day for giving too many free
passages. Howell and Dcaiahue each
pit idled well, save In one Inning. The
game was uninteresting. Score:
r.h.e.
Philadelphia 0 4 4 0 0 0 0 1 0-9 10 1
Brooklyn ....0 2002000 o—4 7 3
Batteries— Bernard. Donahue and Mur
phy; Kennedy. Howell and Moduli#. At
tendance, 1,200.
Chleaan Played Poor Game.
Chicago, Aug. 31.—The Chlcagos to-day
probably played the worst game of the
season, making several more mlspkiye
than ran -be shown tn the error column.
Attendance 1.800. Brore: R. 11H
till ago 0 10000000—1 49
Cincinnati ...1 0 2 4 0 2 1 1 0-11 12 2
Batteries—Taylor. Bresnahan and Dex
ter; Scott and Kehoe.
Boston Won Finally.
Boston, Aug. 31.—Boston won easily to
day. Taylor's bases on halls proved
rosily. Attendance. 1.500. Score: It U K
Boston 0 0 2 1 1 0 1 0 x-5 7 0
New York ....Q 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 I—3 5 3
Batteries—Nichols and Clark; Taylor and
Bowerman.
at. I.nuts Bent Pittshnrw.
Pittsburg. Aug. 31—St. Doul* won the
game In the first Inning on three hits, two
bases on balls and an error by Beach. At
tendance 2,1000. Score: R.H.E.
Pittsburg ...1 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 1— 5 14 3
Bt. Dolls ...5 2 1 2 0 0 0 0 A-10 18 1
Batteries Chesbro. Tannehlll and
Bchrlver; Powell and Robinson.
Other Games.
At Buffalo—Buffalo. S; Chicago, 8.
Al Cleveland—Cleveland, I; Kansas
City. 1.
Second Game—Cleveland, 4; Kansas
City, 3.
At Indianapolis—lndlanapols, 2; Mil
waukee. 4.
Second Game—lndlanapols, 3; Milwau
kee, 2.
At Detroit—Detroit. 8; Minneapolis, 1.
At Toronto—Toronto. 10; Syracuse, 4.
At Montreal—Montreal, 2: Rochester. 5.
At Springfield—Springfield, 7; Worces
ter, 9
At Hartford—Hartford. 2; Providence, 2.
Beaufort Court Kelt Week.
Beaufort, 8. C., Aug. 31—The fall term
of 4he Court of General Sessions convenes
here on Monday, Sept. 3. Judge R. C.
Watts of the Fourth circuit will preside.
The county Jail Is well filled with male
factors, nil negroes.
A Beer Cheek In Ills Stomach.
From the New York Sun,
John Lane of 20) First avenue lost a
brass eheck good for one leer, and he
siißi'ects his 11-yrar-old boy Dennis.
Dennis Is known to have gene through
his father's trousers' pockets yesterday
looking for money, and soon afterward
he became seriously 111 His father missed
the check and then questioned the boy.
who said he thought he must have swal
lowed It. Dennis was taken to Relievue
Hospital, where the doctors said they
would have to u*e the X-ray to locate the
check a* a preliminary to a surgical op
eration.
DR. STEDMAN’S
Teething Powders
The Famous Aid to Nafe and
Painless Teething.
r#Fd by moikors the trftrld fj*+r for nearly 50 wart.
PK.HTKDMAX ha vine oprnrtl m branch ofllr* In
AmtrUm.coimklrraUir reduce* 111*tx*l of th+ Juatir
cr>brat*d powd#r. They put up *o ytllcw wrap
pers Tb* Irmdtr mark, affum Uuc*t,
TRADE^^^j^^MARK
It on rxorj n*ckt ixl on rrory powitor. without
whk*h noi)4* la iranutiH* A packet ronutnin( nlo
pt>wflF.-w. as cents At your dntnrtat a. or auuWw!
on ronHpt of prten. Hond for hookt•<
.stttiman't Merorp Jturtor ” Add' aa
J- A MffirWALTER.
Wot iaKHMa *t., Uemaalaa a, Pllla., |*a
Sold by LIPPMAM BROS., Bavtr.nab, Oe.
Pain
Ii you suffer with pin—any kind of pain—keep in
mind that pain is but a symptom, not a disease; that
what you must fight is not the pain but its cause; that
liniments and oils for external application are almost
worse than useless. To overcome the cause of pain,
internal treatment is necessary.
Pains, whether in muscles, joints, head or elsewhere
will disappear when you purify and enrich the blood
and strengthen the nerves.
There is one remedy that has been successfully em
ployed in thousands of cases —
Dr. Williams’ Pink Pills
for Pale People
Rheumatism is a disease of the blood; Neuralgia
is the prayer of a nerve for food; Sciatica is but rheu
matism under another name. Dr. Williams’ Pink
Pills for Pale People can be used with the greatest
success in any of these troubles because they attack
the disease in the blood and drive it out. Proofs as to
the efficacy of these pills are found in thousands of
testimonials from grateful people who have been cured.
At dnwrt*t or iim*t from Dr. William® XoilciM Oa., HrhmMtadf,
N. Y.. pulp*Jd ocs rvccipt ot prto® M ctou pvr box ; • boxes. ILA
( OLdiltF.D ODD fTl.l.imr RIOT.
One Vlnn Killed nail Several Others
Dndly W imuded,
Columbia. S. C., Aug. 31.--When the
smoke and dust cleared awny from a
rbu at .1 colon I Odd Fellow.-' picnic tear
Helton, to-d ly. George llalcman x.us
found dead, Lawrence Williams desper
ately wounded from a pistol shot, Henry
Washington knocked out with a rock and
tl hslf-doxen others with lesser Injuries.
The surviving Odd Fellows scattered and
the ringleaders an* Itelng pursued.
Primary for Ordinary.
Louisville. Ha., Aug. 31.—0n account of
the vacancy tn the office of Ordinary,
caused by the death of Judge Wootlen.
the Democratic Executive Commlttre met
here to-day and ordered a primary for
Sept 21 to till both the unexplrrd and full
terms. There are six candidates In the
field.
Ilnync Was Discharged.
Amerlcus. Oa.. Aug. 31.—A telegram re
ceived here 10-nlglil from Preston, Web
ster county, stabs that in the committal
trial of K. It. llayne there this ufternoon.
charge.! with misappropriating funds of
the Whitley Grocery Company of Amerl
cus. the defendant came clear.
PROPOSALS WAITED.
PROPOSALS?—SaIe of U. S. vessels
Nentuckee and Cheyenne.—Sealed prai*<-
sills will be received at the Navy Depart
ment until noon on the 27t!> day of Sep
bmher, 1900, at which time and (dace they
will be opened, for the purchoee i>t the
U. H vessels Nantucket, appraised value
115.(lOU, and Cheyenne. a|>pralsed value
15.000. They will be sold for cash to the
person or persons or the corporation or
corporation* offering the highest price
therefor above the appraised value there
of. A separate proposal for each vessel
bid upon must be submitted in a scaled
envelojie, uddrraacd to the Secretary of the
Navy, Washington. D. C.. Indorsed "Pro
posals for the purchase of the U. 8 8.
'' (naming th* vvseel for which offer
is made), and each proposal must be ac
companled by a rot Is factory certified check
for not less than 10 js-r cent, of the
amount of the offer. On application to
the Navy Department, form- of bid* and
bond*, together with th* t*rms and con
ditions of sale, also a primed llet giving
general Information concerning these ves
sel*. will he furnished. The vessel* can
be examined at any time after the 25tt
day of Auguet. IMP. by apidytng lo tho
commandants of the Navy Yard, ls'sxu.
Island, Pa., and the Naval Station, I*oll
Royal. 8, C.. where they now respective
ly He. They must lie removed from the
limits of said yard and station within
such reasonable time as may Im* Axed by
the Department. Th* Department re
serves the rlgfit to withdraw either or
both of the aisvve named vessels from saie
and to reject any or all bid*. F. W
HACKETT. Acting Secretary of the
Navy. Aug. 22. 190).
LCUAL NOTICES.
GEORGIA. CHATHAM COUNTIvI
Wtierens, Robert B Reppard. has ap
plied to Court of Ordinary for letters of
administration on the estate of Albert
Evans, deceased.
These are, therefore, to cite and admon
ish all whom It may concern, to be un,|
appear before snbl court, to mike objec
tion (If any they have), on or before the
first Monday In Ootolier. next, otherwise
sold letters will be granted.
Witness, the Hon. Hampton L. Ferrlll.
ordinary for Chatham county, thin, the
31st day of August, 1900.
FRANK E. KEILBACH.
Clerk C. 0.. C. Cos.
GEORGIA, CHATHAM COUNTY-
Whereas, Henry F. W Slink, has applied
to Court of Ordinary for letters dlemis
ory us administrator, on the entate of
Henry F Wllllnk. Sr., deceased.
These are. therefore, tn c|t ami admon
ish all whom It may concern, to be and
apiiear before snhl court, to make objec
tion (If ony they have), on or before tha
first Monday In December, next, otherwise
sawl letters will be granted.
Witness, the Hon. Hampton L. Ferrili.
ordinary for Chatham county, this the
21t day of August, 1900.
FRANK B. KEILBACH,
clerk C. 0.. C. Cos.
GEORGIA, CHATHAM COUNTY—
Whereas. George 8. Johnson has applied
to Court of Ordinary for letter* dismiss
ory as administrator on the estate of Ste
phen Johnson, deceased.
These are. therefore, to cite and admon
ish all whom It may concern to be and
•appear before said court to make objec
tion (If any they have), on or before the
first Monday tn December, next, other
wise said letter* will he granted.
Witness, the Honorable Hampton L
Ferrlll. ordinary for Chatham county, this
the 31st day of August, ]fk*>.
FRANK E KEILBACH.
C>rk C. 0., C. C.
GEORGIA. CHATHAM COUNTY
Whereas, Henry C. Heutsler has applhd
to Court of Ordinary for lettera dlsmle
sory as executor of the will of Richard A.
Raltz. deceased.
These are. therefore, to cite and admon
ish all whom tt may concern to be and ap
pear before said court to make objection
(If ony they have), on or before the Sth
day of December next, otherwise said
letter* will be granted
Witness, the Hon. Hampton L. Fer
rlll. Ordinary for Chatham County, this
the 31ai day of August. IPO.
FRANK E. KEILBACH.
Clerk Ct. Ord > , C. Cos.
Rheumatic
oSciatic or
Neuralgic
LEGAL NOTICES.
• hkoit'GiA." "^rATHXxr~(WN‘T'r
Anna Miller ha* applied to the Court of
Ordinary for a twelve-months' support for
herself out of the estate of Stmp* >c Sill
ier. deceased. Appraisers have made r.-
turns allowing same.
These are. therefore, to cite all wtem
It may concern to appear before said < rt
10 make objections on or Itefore the Hr 1
Monday In September, next, otherwise
same will be granted.
Witness, the Honorable Hampton L.
Fcrrlll, ordinary for Chatham county thix
the 10th day of Augttsi. ll*
FRANK E KEILBACH.
Clerk C. 0.. C. C.
Georgia' Chatham county
Whereas Julia Kmmu Bmlth he applied
to Court of Ordinary for letter* dl-mlf
ory as executrix of the will of John I).
Bmlth, deceased.
These are. therefore, to cite and admor*
Ish all whom It may concern to be and
appear liefore said court to make obJe> *
Hon (If any they have) on or before lbs
first Monday In November, next, otherwise
said letters will be granted.
Witness, the Honorable Hampton I.
Ferrlll. ordinary for Chatham county, this
the 31st day of July. 19H0.
FRANK K KBILRACH
Clerk C. 0., < C
GEORGIA. CHATHAM COUNTY
Whereas Janie Elmore haw applsd to
Court of Ordinary for letters dksm sory
as administratrix or. the estate of llel'la
Elmore.
These are. therefore, to cite and admon
ish all whom It may concern to 1- and
appear before said court lo make objec
tion (If any they have) on or before tbe
tlrst Monday In November, next, others 1 e
said letters will he granted.
Witivse, the Honorable Hampton L
Ferrlll. ordinary for Chatham county, this
the Jlst day of July. 19H0.
FRANK K KEILBACH.
Clerk C. 0., C. C.
GEORGIA. CHATHAM COUNTY-
Whereas M. A. O'Byrne haa applied to
Court of Ordinal y for letter* of adminis
tration on the estate of Ellen Morgan. d> -
ceased.
These are. therefore, lo cite and n Inwn-
Ish all Whom It may concern to be and
appear l*fore said court to make objec
tion (If any they have), on or ls*fore the
first Monday In October next, olherwlso
sabl letters will lie granted.
Witness, the Hon. Hampton L. Fr
rtll, Onllaary for Chatham County, this
the 3!*t day of August, lsnn.
FRANK E. KEILBACH.
Clerk Pt. Or*!'. U ■
GEORGIA. CHATHAM COUNTY-
Whereas M. A. O'Byrne has applied *o
Court of Ordinary for letters dlsml**ory at
administrator on the estate of Chris Mar
-’-ly, deceased.
These are. therefore, lo cite and aimed.
I*h all whom It may concern lo tie and ap
pear before said court to make objection
(If any they have), on os before the ilrd
Monday In December next, other*-)* soil
letter* will be granted.
Witness, the Hon. Hampton L. Fer
rlll, Ordinary for Chatham County. i!J>
the 31st day of August. IN>
FRANK K. KEILBACH.
Clerk Ct. onl y. C. Cos.
“GEORGIA" CHATHAM COUNTY-
Whereas, Joslah T. Clarke ha* applied to
Court or Ordinary for leiier* dlumlssory
a* guardian of the property of Eugene •>
Clarke, formerly a minor.
ThMe are.therefore to cite and 8 j® ‘
nil whom It may concern to lie and op
pear Iwfore said court to m ike obj-etlnu
Ilf any they have), on or before th-' hr*'
Monday In October nexi, otherwise ***■
letters will be granted.
Witty.ja, the Honorable Hampton L ”•'
rill, Ordinary Tor Chaiham county. thl*
the 31st day of August. 1900.
FRANK E. KEILBACH.
Clerk Ct. Ord'y c Cos.
“oEORGIaT CHATHAM OOUN'TT.-
Annie Klckltn has applied to the
Ordinary for a twelve months' *u|>P’ rl
herself and minor child out of ihe •'? >
of Joseph Fleklln. deceased. Appr* *
hava made returns allowing same
These are. therefore, to die all who
may concern to appear before said ™
to make objection on or before the
Monday In October next, otherwise *•
will be granted. .
Wltnese. the Honorable Hampton "
Ferrlll. Ordinary for Chaiham county.
■he 31st day of September. 19 , ‘ > .
FRANK B. KEILB A* H
Clerk Ct. Ord'y C. Cos..
“GEORGIA. CHATHAM c ° rN '/j
Where..*, Jordan F. Brooks has
to Court of ordinary for letters, dism
sory as ndmlnlstor. e.t.a.. on , *' e 1
ot Mlntle Orahnm. deceased.
These are. therefore, to cite a**) * 1 j
Ish all whom It may concern. t<> b
appear before said court, to make 4> 'U
tlon (If any they have), on or before
first Monthly tn December, next, o*
Wise said letters will la- granted.
Witness, the Hon. Hampton L. r> ■•*
ordinary for Chatham county, this.
31st day of August. 1900.
FRANK E. KEILBACH.
Clerk C. 0.. C. 1 0 .
"GEORGIA. CHATHAM COUNTY-
Whereas. Jordan F. Brooks ha*
to Court of Ordinary for letters, diem "
■ory a* administrator on the •sts*''
of Clinton O. Anderson, deceased
These are. therefore, to cite otl a dm-* '
Ish all whom It may concern, to be re '
appear before said court, to make oM*'
tlon tlf any they have), on or before ir
first Monday In December, next, other
wire said letters will be granted.
Witness, the Hon. Hampton L. Fern- 1 -
ordkiury for Chef him county, thle. 1
31st day of August. 1901.
FRANK E. KEILBACH
Clerk C. 0.. C. C-