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EARTH’S DEEPEST HOLES.
MTIHtI. CIMW* n THE nrt;AN
nr.os .%nr kivk wii.ki ni.ni*.
*orprising Variations of I nt©r
ground Tempera turc*--In <s o nir
sputa the llent h Cirrnt, nn! n Lit
tle Morr Diguing Will llcncli Ihf
|*o Iti t Whew \\ nirr Will Hull—||y
lowering \\ nter Into Thear
Drptha * tea in Mn> lie ninim.r.l for
t'o an mere In I I'tirposee, entl Thus
the Itarth's Inlrrnnl llent He fut
to tat —I nee | In i tied < oolneaa ot
Mlehlunn'i I upper >linr-( until*
floaia In Hie Depth* of tlie Oeenu.
Copyright lftO by Thro Watcis.
Dark In the days when people realty
thought It possible to dig a hole through
tne earth to Chi a. there used to be mtirh
t .- ulatlon over What would become of
a m an who hapiened to fa 1 Into the hole,
nou *1 he atop tailing down after a while
and begin to fall tip to the other ride of
the *a:th. or would gravity keep him
oscillating bark and forth like a pendu
lum slowly coming to ret? Now non** n
nl a? thia ma\ seem, we are actually
a pro© • King a condition w hen a some
what similar que>ton must be
Several holes have been dug deep enough
into the earth to encounter physical con
iipii irafnpipiinrHT i m
"• jj ■ m; 1
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mli 1111 n 4 ill WrnSw/ P
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if-000 • a**<jFtcT
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; ! t USHUriBIM mSTMIT / CALUMtT 4 HECUA
SAfT ViCCfttT ;
5000*.
: Jpj
J>"U it HOV.ITI *.700 Hi' ' V ■/.
Reg 110 . (The Bln k Mirks Show Delation of Deepest Hole©).
dltlons very and fferent from those usually
foutd on the surface. Some of those holes
are in the form . f w*lls which arc a mile
deep in the older rock. Others extend even
farther <lwn Into s*lt beds and furnish
this most widely u*< i flavoring commo
dity S fll others are mines which men
work at a level as deep as that of the
wells And in the ocean-I<l there are holes
•a deep that if the highest mountain in
the World weie to be dropped into Hum
there wou.d slid be plenty of room for
•hips to sail safety over their summits.
Near Pittsburg, 1 ha* been
dug S,VC f*et deep tnat is. j.‘*2 feet more
than a mil**. Near Wheeling. W. Va .
hey are sinking a well watch is now with
in a few hundred feet of a mile deep. A*
ast report they had reached the t.D-0 foot
Itvcl. At tfp reni e.g. near Berlin, Ger
many. ih' or driving a hole in gypsum
- . :■ # 1
it Is getting deeper every .lay. At B hla
ilahsrh. n. r l.cipxl*. they me taking salt
from i we I which is ev n deeper than
the I'l:sburg w*ll. Th s hole is H.fSa feet
deep The Bed Jack t shaft tf the Calu
met and Me- la mine In the Ljske Superior
copper district is . mile dep nnd men
wo:k in the shaft N arby, the Tamarack
mine ha> a ha n *rly n> deep as the
Bed Jacket Bu? at larujc owltx. near
Iletbftlk, in Ivietem Fllosia there ,* a well
.x~. I
jT\ (S' \C3 ( v j
wer TV'ib /
Hutu* <*® C;s **••* N| o*m \ y |yf fk \
jpp
\ . V J y k / B V \ (
\y / r X JL *| -/ e****4. \ j
\ \ BicHftiH fj ) Q \ J
j L J ••*•••* . / / n*imh \y/
Diagram *hov. Ing rrlatlv, depths of ahafta. *
which 1 5 now 6,700 feet deep, or exactly
vc hundred feel more than a mile and a
quarter They ate Mill hurliiß aiul it la
lue Intention to go down 8,800 feet or one
at i mo-tt.li.l miles, when some Ititerest
h'lt relentllle <xi>erlment* will be made.
I i.queMlonablv tide la now the deepen
artificial hole in the world.
Rut In this race far Imo the earth - * core
'h-r* are other competitor*, other well
h l~s which are not quite us deep as theee
■ r.ee hut which are prcsslt. them
ird They arc moMly In Gerbiany. At
U.th, near Aliona. there I* a hole 4,1*8
!•■ deep. At Eu near Strasafurt. they
hive gone down 4.311 feet At l.ubxin
i Me uietihutg, they are *i!H dlgclog at
' ft L At Sennewlt*. pear llnl'.e. 3.641
h-t |.,. been reached. At lnowra*law.
I - ' n and ills are working at 3.631 f>et.
while at Frledrlchaaue, near Afcheraleben.
they have punched a hole In the earth
3A3 fr- t deep At Si. loUI. Mo., we have
• well which will stand comparison with
these German wells. It t 3.513 feet deep
All of these wells are over half a mile
•hep and several of them have passed
'he three-quarter mark,
tonft 11 lons ICncnnntereil In the
Reptile.
Many of these deep holes have been
•“ado th. subject of scientific lnvestiia
t ns imd tuej are widely Separated,
Individual characteristics have been ett
ir.tered In e.icli Vet then Is o vety
*'nerai vo-re'.a ion In all which stands as
tcnee not only, of the pres, nt internal
' i iilton of th* earth, hut also of Its ace
>ese holes ehow In fact that In sump
I c* the earth at a mile or so below
i 1 e surface is ns hot as the boiling oomt
! alcohol; at other places men work a
He under the surface In n temperaturo
■ 70 degrees Kahrenndt. a heat not great,
et than that of an average Ne w York Jutni
When th* Savage mine In th* Com
atork I/O-K* was ronn*' ted at the half
i tube level with the Gould St Curry mine,
the tcmpeiature of the connecting gallery
tanged from >37 cl * greet at one end to
14© degrees at tne omer.
At (he bottom of that five mile pit in
‘the o can \v i h v.iwn- be wn the
*Jvermadecr ar.d th. Friendly Wands, th*
t mperature stays always near the free*
lng point of wa*er There are many of
these deep ocean holes m which the tem
pt ratur* Is very low And while the lack
of In at Is mduc *•! by the water and it*
tr ssure it yet bears a certain relation
to the -onditlon of deep h les in the con
tinents when th. go:.era effect on the
eotih'g cruM Is cor.. v ldered. For when the
theory of the earths Internal heat ;•
loc k(d <t superficially it weukl .*r.-m tha'
t.* deep ma i'lts .should be v. ry h t
and full of boll.ng water. since they are
m-arer to tho centre of th earth than
tin other point. Hut in this matter of
temperature there is much to be said con
certing the conducting pro|* rties of the
r*ck n which the hoes are sunk Also,
r must be noted, at what depth below
. level each hole s arts
I'ttftftllilr I tlllty of Utah Snhterra
■irm Tempera (are*.
As these wells all got hotter nnd hot
ter as they are driven deeper and deeper,
the outc.me tugg sted is, that as soon
n> a B irti'l-r.t depth Is leached, natural
suwiti wl.l bo encountered or if the well
he dry, water ran te pumi*od in and re
turned In the form of ma:ktAble varvxr
There 1 i.othlng chimerical in this Idea
sin e many bi Id rgs in e.cral parts of
the wor.d ate ht-ai. and with naturally warm
•*•<•11 wat<>r. The hospital at Orvnelle and
■area factories In Wurtemberg ar* nota
ble examp •• Abo, tin* irr'vwr showi
hi tv luat from the earth's Interior may
Itibnlfest It*. If' forcibly on the surface,
llent’e temperature measurement* are he
ll K mule In all the wells *s they ore
drtl I In thie country the li* at Increases
< n the average übout one degree for every
sixty feet of depth It was so In the Pltts
l.ury well, Ihe temperature of which was
, i -or William llallook
cf Columbia College Tills was originally
merely un or llnory oil well put down by
the Forest <>ll C mpany. Several thousand
feet had been drill* I before the oil sand
li. .-an to y!> ld uniclent . ommerdal re
• iirns and then they bad gone so far and
the iul- showed such a decided rise In
teth|s rature II n decided to dedicate
ih well to science. So the drilling was
continued and Professor Mallock was ask
el 10 make a test. Meanwhile as a mem
ber of the r. 8. Geological Survey, he h'l
been coniluctlng some mea.urements In
the well near Wheeling Me was thus
able to compare one with the other.
The method of taking the temneraftire
was slmpie. Sclf-reg!lerlng thermometers
were placed In Iron buckets three feet
..u*: end three Inches In diameter. A
bucket holding thermometers was hung
on ihe end of a steel wire and let down
Into the hole 24) feet, when another bucket
was tied on and the lowering was con-
tltiutal. M* asurements were thus mads at
various depth* It was tedious work and
w boh th* lower depths were reached It
required nearly an hour to get the bucket*
let k to the surface once* the measure- '
ment had been made. On the way down
In the nttsburg wall, natural gas was
encountered, lappe I and used for a time
to drive thti machinery that worked the
drills. In this Insane* the well furnish-
I power to dig Its If out.
Meantime Prof.*.or llallock *rnt to
Germany for the measurements which
were being taken In the Schlndabach and
the Sperenberg well* under the dlreciton
of Mr. E. Ininker of Halle and In the
end he was able to furnish a table of
measurements of the four wells:
t>ecent
Temp. for
Name Temp- at ech
o( at Hot- degree
„ U. Depth. Top tom. Fnhr.
ftpe rentier* 417d 47 8 11* 6 *6 -ft
tvtdadahaeh .... 6740 61. I*6-6 66-
Wheeling 4500 61.3 110 3 76. ft
al WHO ft.
Pittsburg 6'*6 U. 1 71.5 ft
All of these wells have now been sunk
lower: therefore according to the average
rote of Increase the Sperenberg ought to
measure approximately 134 degrees ai the
bottom, the Sehladabach 143 degrees, the
Wheeling 116 deg'ees; the Pittsburg 138
degree*, and according to the German
average, the Parushowlt* well which has
rot yet been reported would ehow a tem
perature nt the. bottom somewhere be
tween 166 decrees and !60 degr •’
Fahrenheit- It would not take very much
m „re digging before the heat of thee-
K ,lls could lie utilised. All thine* being
equal the Pittsburg well At UOOO ftw
should develotie a temierature grvat- r
than that of bolUng water, especially am
THE MOUSING NEWS: SUNDAY, NOY£MHEII 11. 1000.
th© heat Increase* more raplltty as tho
hole gets deeper.
Hut these wl h wrre all bond In whit
might b© called (he rormwl crust of tne
earth, where the strata lie m Situ. Had
they been dug in W .omlng. In tho Ge>-
ser Basin, for li.sta; ce. It is able that
iiNini or very hot wau r wou >l have l*-en
encountered not nary feci b w the eur
/ua e, far fei all, th g-yser is one of
nature deepest hobs, si; •< it connects
In one way or unothei with the Internal
heat of th© aid therefore w* b.*\*'
a ©c*rt of Indlcadon now m.i artin- ul
deep hole m.ght a t if nee I* were driven
dowr. far enough to form a vent for th
heat of th*’ arth. On the other hand, had
cne of the well.- be. n driven and *wn under
Ml hlgan, thr ugh the copper beds, it
pruib> that e\en lnOOu fe would not
b * t-t a t rr.p.-ra ure oo hot for breathing
pjfl* tes let Jo. etc pro ue t>n * fVt am
Tills to the lay mind must appear strange
. \ ew of the fact i. Ht t e i n is fl!
of copper bearing reck and !h#reh*re ought
to conduct heat readily. Nevertheless It
Is a fact that these- rocks do not conduct
th© heat. Th© temperature of the lowest
Calumet and ll* la "liaft never gees far
from 70 degrees Professor Agassis buri*d
thermom# t- rs at various depths in tne
mines and *.<t very little variation ITo
f.s-or Pierce * f llarvatd obtained some
* übs of ro- k from th** lowest h vel an 1
hy means of an electric thermostat twiwi
their heat-conduct irg properties which
were rep. Tied to be small In comp*!eon
with those ->f s me oth* r r-k Ills Idea
In this case, however, leans m re t. Mn
ipproximat.on of heat conductivity o'
rock In general. In the *rd to form an rstf-
mate of the earth's age, since If the cool*
Ing rate of all rock Is known then taken
111 relation to thickness It would he possi
ble to determine approximately haw long
It has been since the exterior of ihe earth
was molten The deep wells fumlsh data
In this connection alsp.
Ileeps In the hand 1 inter the Se,
Among other theories concerning iho
Calumet rock It Is suggested that perhaps
the proximity of the water of l.nke Pup
arlor has a cooling effect on Ihe copp r
mine, Lew temperatures are eharnrter-
Istlc of all the subaqueous de-p holes
Reside the chasms In the ocean bed the
holes In the Jond are as pin punctures
for more than half of the wnola tea
floor lies two mllee below the eurfice of
the water, one-eighth of this later ar-.a
Is depressed below three miles. This eighth
Itself U seven million square geogrnphl a
miles In extent and contains arete or
rather twsins which dip In placet over
flve miles below the surface These las’
almost unfathomable holes In the ocean
bottom occur only In three places; or at
least only three soundings of live mile
or more have been made There may he
others of rourse, even deeper which have
as yet remained undiscovered. The deepest
of three holes exists In the South I’eelfl'
to the cast of Ihe Kermadccs. It Is ; a
fahoms deep or S.W fie; mure than five gw>-
graphlcal miles. The sounding that went
to Its bottom repre*. nts the farthem
reach of humankind toward the center of
the earth- Vet wliat came back with th
rod was meagre in v.ew or what m chi
have been exported. A little g oblgrrlna
ooze, a little of that curious ret ray
which covers nearly half of the sea Door,
a few manganese nodules, some minute
mugnciig spherule* of eo-mle origin ihat
was all; these aul the positive assurance
of Intense darkness .and bitter old Th
ocoze. was what was left of animal car
casses sweeping downward through r*n
> tuples, the clay was the plastic t*mrsnt
of even earlier periods; the spherul a
were representatives of m-deorle par-lcl--*
which had plunged through Immeasurable
distance from ‘outer dark to Inner dirk."
Volcanic debris, oxides of t-on, zeodltc
crystals, manganese nudulo* and r m > ns
of whales and sharks are ehnn uerl* li
of these deep holes. One haul rf a trawl
In the Pacific brought up from a d.-pth of
nearly three miles, many bushels of man
ganese nodules, 1600 sharks theeth and
30 fragment* of the hone# of whal-s. Hut
| beyond these, all other obje is which
I might be expected to drop from the sur
face aro wanting. It Is o>t surprldna
however, in view of the terrible pr *ure
I ot the water at these great depth* Noih
lug not e*pelally adapted for It eoild
' withstand It. It Is c.ilrultl'd that ai one
mile beneath the surfs e the i res sure of
i the water on all Side- df an object Is
tone lon to the square In, n In yew of
this It was former.y supposed Hat t e
j pressure at the lowest dept * must b
great enough to turn the bon tn to stone,
j Hut the dredge shows this to be untrue.
Habitant* nf the Extreme Depths.
; The Ash that ilVe In these deep holes
are soft and gelatinous, the only condi
tion In fact w hleh would save them from
! the effects of the pressure. The water
permeates their soft structure and counter
acts lla own pressure. As suggested above.
It Is very cold n the deep hoies Professor
Agassis mentions how cold the ooa© from
he U.com feels—-how cold mud nearly
fr©*<* his hards stiff under the broiling
m It gave him an le© fr he i • re
fr.g at ion and he lowered a bottle of
wit c n a |y miles under watet t"r th.
putpos. i * fresting It It am** up cold
* n uch to h sure, but full of muddy Milt
water which had forced Its way through
| the < ork
Forty-three areas hove I* en found on
the sea bottom lying deeper than thr*-**
m.ies Fight
n.’ ■ Th - - .ire Nar * Pe p tfi the North
A l *n:u\ K s- IKrp ic the Autarc b- Web
•! Deep In the Banda Sr a t alb ngrf
Tus arora anl So;-nn Deep- in the North
Pacific and Aldrich und 11 < a:d* Deeps
in the South Pacific Three of these *••* p*
■ rt \* - mile hob- Th \ are Al-lri-li
Tm- iron* md Weber V* s Hut th* V <i
r ch deep h le is the -■ p f st a* was stated
above \ et, *• p us It w In spite of the
fart that Mount Everest, th* highest
mount un .n th-* wrori.i, if dr. pp. l jn *
I the hole wouki sink out of sight in toe
ocean, that little pinnacle called Sun I
Island standing sqtMurt | *> this live milt
h !• I ah © to rear It* head Jso feet above
th© surface of the s* * IncklentalD this
nv.-ys a vlv and i*tea of th* cO’ trast natur
t ©hi© to make in the matter of high hills
and deep bole? Th*<v \\ aters.
till IMU >r. t’OH\ FOB \ I.IVIKG.
\ Georgia tilrl \% lo € leara a Fairly
Ills Income Yearly,
*.’ Yolk, Noy. 9 1 cleared S:.IW en
my mral U?t year and now *m putting
In a second set of stones in hopes of b*
lng able to AM the orders (hat I have
token for my winter trade ’* The speak
er was Mis? Bertha Hopkins, and she ha*
for she last two years made a specialty
of supplying water ground corn meal to
a large number of pdtrons, mostly In
Georgia and Carolina
“I began my prvttnt business si the
death of my un le mors than four year*
Ago. and for two years scarcely mad*
enough to pay exi*en?.>M** she continued
•’At his death he left me a child s share
of hi* not too lastp property, which
chanced to b© an old-fashioned water miM
It is situated in a planting community
and has always done* th© gnu.ling for all
th** plantation* for mile* around.
**ln my uncle* da> and for the first
two >*.irs that I had It tn* grinding was
don© In th** old way. Of the corn brought
in t>e ground we received one pk k fr.*m
every bushel 1 had to employ a miller
and was always a tome little exosn*e
in keeping th© dam uiwl machinery in or
der. so, of course, was forced to l Ist owe
of th© earn taken a* toll. For the first
two vear* I followed*my urn 1* s example
and ©old It a? corn or meal to ray neigh
bor* at the market price for bolted meal
The Wi*t of those two year*, however, b*
leg a good cbm crop for this section of
the state, I found great difficulty In get
ting rid of th* toll, and at hist determined
to make a trip i* the nearest town, which
l* some twenty mile* away, and see which
• *oui*l be disposed of to the greatest *l
vantage, corn or meal. 1 had collect?l
over 10) bushels and was sadly in n* ©i
of money.
' At breakfast th© morning after my ar
rival, the proprietor of th© ho;*! w her*' 1
stopped said to me: ‘Ah. Miss Bertha, if
I could only get sotn© of th© good water
groan ! ne.il that was ground At y-ur mill
when I was a boy I talkve I would never
eat any other broad.*
“'Tou can #• t it,' I told him ‘I am
using the same slopes snd thr* ssme ma
chinery that was uarvl at that time, and
my miller has been there for more than
twenty years. What wht y<ai pay me for
flye bushels?*
'IT pay you fio tor ten bushels. If mi
will premise to keep nv- supplied for two
yearn It once my patrons taste that meal
I could never ijti.fy them with the com
mon boiled stuff that we buy now It Is
ground to faat and the corn Is heat'd to
such an extent lha: the taste Is killed out
of 11. I will guarantee to pny dould the
market pr! >■ tor the bolted stuff, and will
make a reputation for this hoiel and for
yopr meal.' A
"Meal, the fine bolls I kind—which as
ovary ..at knows is as much like tint
.•round In an nib fashioned water .mill os
II lanana ripened In cod storage In New
York la Ilk* thoae plucked ripe from th.
Ire*—was sel Ing for 71 cen's a biiane,, oo
I was ready enough to lake th* hotel pro
prletor's offer. Then going out amongst
grocery men I found that they were .-ne
and nil ready to take my meal in sell on
■ rtnminlon. The hotel man hnyl effere I
me double that for which the tmllsd was
celling lit Ihe maiket, and I determined
that 1 would try to gel the same price
from the general public, although many
of the merchants assured me that I would
not succeed.
"Then I went horns ar.d wet to work 'o
fill my orders I went ro the mill my
self and stood at the miller's side and su
perintended the grinding as well ns Ihe
orking and branding, so anxious was I
drat eterythlng should be }u*t as It ought
Then I shipped the number of bushels
ordered and waited tha result with whai
Impatience any one who has spent more
money on a venture than they can safely
afford to lost can Judge. It has beci
Ihe agreement with the grocerymen that
at the iul of the first two week, they
would wrlie me a stateqient of their .-a e
and tell me what they eonsiderrd the out
look.
"In less than a week after th# meal wr*
put on sale I had letter* from two of the
best merchants asking for another ship
ment and containing checks for a I th -
tncal that they had received. Uefore the
end of the second month I was buying
orn to nil orders for meal and have b- on
doing so ever since. .
"Af the end of that Amt year I had suc
ceeded In Introducing my meal Into the
wholesale ■ well as the retail trade of
twenty towns and cities In Georgia ir.d
South Carolina but I hod learned < nough
to follow the advtoe of a very suepes ful
merchant and sell no nr,re or, c mans
ion. 1 sold direct to the trade last g *r
and have met with none of the small wor
ries that annoyed me the Arst year.
"Although I am putting In another sit
,<1 stones 1 do not intend that tbev sh ill
is tamed on bit faster than iha old ones,
ot that la Just the polltt that makes mi
meal so much more valuable than ihat
ground by the mill wlih modern michin
ery. Meal ground slowly and n I >o Are
Is better flavored and more nutritious
than that ground as tine as dust and so
fast that the corn to flred an I be,- m*
dead and taaleles*. That I* the r-asin
why no many of the food stuff* ,-f ,o- liy
are so tmi'-h Inferior to that of former
years. It Is manufactured too fast. In th,
hurry to tnak- It as inexpensive as pos
sible I ut only th- best corn and s-e
that the stones are kept at a c-r aln d*
lance apart and never go above a state-1
speed. 1 am |tr.lcuiar to gee that ev ry
sack sent out Is exactly a.< r, ptu-#en *,)
I have followed the example -f th. ;th r
of our country as a miller and thV
together with th* earnestness with w-hl h
I have push**! my meal, 1 , 1 think, th
reison Ihat 1 have met with su h re ,dy
success." Lafayette Moleiws.
p p P . a wonderful medicine; It gives
an appetite. It invigorate* and strength
en!. P. P. P cures rheumatism and al:
pains In the tide, back and shoulder*,
knee*, hip*, wr.sts and Joints p. P. p.
cure* syphilis In all It* various stages,
o, ulcer-, s res ami kidney romp.alnt P
p P. cures catarrah, eczema, erysipelas,
all skin dis. a e- and merrur'ai poi-onlng,
p. p. p cures dyspepsia, chronic female
.omplaint- and hroser.-down constitution
and loss of manhood P. I*. P th# best
blood purlfler of the age, has mad* more
permanent cures than all other blood rent,
,dies. Idppman Bra#., sole proprlators.
Savannah. G* -ad
Abbott's East tn-lls Corn Pain! corea
every tkue; It takes off th* corn; no |ia,ti.
cures watts and bunions and Is con. ,' liel
to be a wonderful corn euro. Bold by all
druggists.—ad.
A CONSTITUTIONAL A
DISEASE. I
AND MUST BE TREATED THROUGH i ~A ;
THE BLOOD. LOCAL APPLICATIONS • ~A' . IW~
USELESS AND EXPENSIVE. -ft
There i< an inner shin or lining that protects the |
more \ it.it parts of the !*hlv, an-1 thmixU of similar struc- ** ti • \
liter skin is much more delicate and sen live \ J ’ ‘ * \ I**'
k l: Ik. ■ . ~ jjlM-p
hrr. • tlic name mucous membrane. Heir. ■ abundantly . ' USAgfs /* i v"v* •- L
1 w :li tier\ I- and .: infl.inim.t v '3 \ 1 > ' _
ti nor juin quickly spreads over the entire Mirf.i cof e* M ;. A \ ’• wTn7
th;. diate \etin- This i. why Catarrh, which usually | pVr’v.. • .‘oIIJ t
iflainmation of them it. so . V •' JV}
vc.iird and dangerous An .X v V ivf- \ \>\’
hi iv.',*.
st. in.; h .and V Incvs 1 < in? often attacked. Many di.se.kses ' *Hy 1 i
due entucly t> a -atarrh.il condition of the system are . \ V
di.ijjno ! and tical das somethin}' els- The foul score- \ %vyi Ir 1 .
ti"iisdi*-p] ji)t lack int-> the throat find their wav into the N \
stomach, an-l a most stubborn form of dvspepsia is the
result. The f-d taken into the stomach sours there is a uTm.EBS AND EXPfNBIVE.
sense of bloating after eating, severe pains in the stomach
or bowels are frri|iient. and weakness an-l a pencral run down con-lition of the s\ stem so- >n follows. The poisonous
matter that is absorbed into the blood is conveyed to all parts of the body, and th-* inu-. les and l-ones a- he almost
as severely as in Rheumatism. Catarrh is not a simple di oa-e, or one requiring local remedies only, by any
means. It be-ins most often in the nose, lice a use the mucous membrane there is exposed to the poisonous atmos-
phere. We rail it a cold in the head at fu->t;
there is constantly a dull headache with a
thin, watery discharge from the n->sc, As
the inflammation increases this discharge
beeo tn e s thicker
HAWKING a t , “ l '* rv --tT.-nvive.
x vv s'-* the air passages are
AND obstructed, com -
rni-TTiKTr I" Uin^,h ' 1
SPIT I ING. to bt, ,the through
the mouth. Wht n
the irritation extends to the throat lU< n
ehitis and even Consumption of the Lung*
begins When thcdelir.ite machinery of the
car isattai ked and the soft tx>nes destroyed,
partial and frequently total deafness follows.
The Catarrhal patient makes known
Ilia presence bv continual hawkinu ami spitting, in the effort to expel the tlik-k glutinous matter that collects in the
throat. As the membrane and tissues of the nose are<aten axvay. the sense of smell is gradually lost, and the victim
of this disjjustinf; disease is not able to detect even the foul odors that arc so offensive to those in Ins presence.
There is no limit to the damage brought about by Catarrh when neglected, or when local application*
alone are depended upon for a cure. Inhalers, sprays, ointments, powders, tobacco remedies, cigarettes, etc.,
can do no permanent good ; such treatment only reaches a small portion of the diseased surface, wnile the parts
most affected are left untouched. Some people have cotne tq regaid Catarrh as incurable, and have lost faith in
all treatment. Others, living in a climate where the disease is common, expect it and patiently endure it.
Catarrh is a constitutional, a systemic disease. The Wood, contaminated hv the poisonous matter that reaches it
S fiom so many sources, keeps up the irritation, the symptoms
n ’ W ' vorsp ’ an n °thjng hnt a thorough cleansing and
n n ft n' Don’t experiment longer with things that can st best
*1 give only temporary relief, and arc not intended or expected
to reach the cause. S. S. S. cures Catarrh by removing for
' y ever the cause. The depraved and vitiated Wood is made
P ■ M ■ healthy and pure, the circulation strengthened and quickened,
h • n M the new, n< h blmxl that reaches the diseased membranes
heals the inflammation nnd stops the di charge. S S. S. tones
U p the stomach, aids digestion and assimilation of food, and
stimulates every organ to increased activity ; the foul discharges from the mucous membranes are checked and
promptly carried out of the system.
S S. S. is guaranteed purely vegetable, and the safest and best Wood medicine. There are no minerals in
it. and the roots and herbs of which it is composed arc selected for their purifying and tonic properties. It
requires some effort on your part to get rid of this disgusting disease. Don't expert it to get well of its own
accord, or waste time on useless and expensive local remedies, but write us all about your ease and our physicians
will give you some valuable advtre and rentier every assistance tiossible, without anv cost to von whatever*
Hook on Wood and Skin Diseases free THU SWIFT SPHCIFIC COMPANY. ATLANTA, UA.
THE NEW PHILIPPINE CABLE.
nit: rn RNMinr. mhhi to m:of> iibh
WOH K 1% Tilt: I*|. %>|>.
•he Tnrrles 02.*. Miles of 'hlr, M? of
Whirl* Were Maiiiofnrlnrecfl In Thl
Coanfry—lion the 4 lle Is fon
sfriirteil .% *ilninrlnr Insert
faille first ro> er iml the fnar<l
Apalnst Its AttaeUs lltltlrulty of
l.nsliia n f alile on the I neven and
I nrlinrtel Oeemi lied—The Preseut
llnterprlse IftU l > to Itesult In
Infornintlon <f Value to NitvUa
tors— ,%d<* mlnroiis History of the
Burnside.
Bun FrJiwJpen. Nov. 9—Within a
•hart tlm* the work of l.iviri:
the |nter-l!*lati ctbl In the Phlhi>tlM“9
wJll ho bffun. For torn a time the tlifll<*ulty
of communication hetn. *n the laianda h<i.*
hanu>erH Am* rienn operation#
IT I* T**H
of Itw Table Tonk.
In the rohtllpptrum en<i ha* bf rn the sub
ject of romplJtint to th* rnrn* nt from
Gen. Ot In, Gen. Ma Arthur aift other of
rter it w.h obvious ihat wma method
of quirk dommur.l .wi"i ir.at hr put Into
upcmtlon, an the dispatch* * earned hy
the wamhlps wen? In many * a-* too slow
of delivery to bo prartirvihle. As soon as
thl undertaking of laying a
cable had been decided upon the War IM
|uirtmnt *< i ab.u* finding a suitable ves
sel In the transport service. The Hurn
•de tr.is cho* n or account of her largo
cap-.* Itjr. and her shall.**' draught in pro
portion to her siae. Bhe is the ilrst cibb
ship ever oyn’l by th© Vnited State*.
Tho Iturnelde was formerly owned by
A BAD COLD AT FIRST.
I ©t first thought I hx ! only a b*<! ©old.
i But wlirn it began to Inoonv©ni©no© mo
i I vii given th© uaual looal AppliOAtion,
!of sprty*, wa*h©*, ©to. This traatiuont
r©ll©ro*l mo for a short tim©, but th© cii
© as© wa* growing nrw *t©A<llly. My
no*© a rill thrpAt w**r© constantly chok©!
up; I w a* all th© tim hawking aii<l spit
ting, and th© dtneA*© bocAino very off©n*
Mve. None of th© medicine* seemed to
roach th© dtaoaio. Finally some on©
recomincuncd B. B. 8., And before I had
finished on© bottle I f©lt batter. I con*
tinned th© inndioln©, and it cured me per*
nhinently.— Mrs. B. K. FAltl.E, McNary,
iTCy.
i HpaUi on<l n.inicd the Kim Bhe was eap
r tured dtirimi the war by the Yale while
’ to run ths Mm k.*•)- off Borto 111 •
| with u caryro of arms and smmunitloti.
towe,| i, t Charleston, 8 C. t nod ih"if tak* n
j charge of by Copt. B.tfitu, h*-r pneent
commander, renamed ar.d put Into com
mhplt.n fir i u a tmnjt- rt arrylfiif mules
hd *• neral jpvcrnmfit itor*s to ruta
atid afterw.irda as a troopship Taken to
the More* Iron Works in Brooklyn th*
fjiirr.slflo was there r* onitnicted and
■transformed Into a cable sioumer. The
rflhlnii and saloon were refurnished with
1 a view r* accommolatmjr army ofTV *r.
and their wives mroute to the Philippine*
: Tlire#- hufr tltlks made of eojifier W**ro
idaced In her hold, e.n h ca{*tih of hold
; imile* of rtil*le The|i# tanks are
2% feet In diameter anil ]& f*et in deyith
with an Iron core In tha center to kA*et
the cable in |Ofitlon when helmt paid out
from the ship.
Captain Squirts* of the B)*nal Corp*. *-
dfftttl by Mr Haml ton will have entire
| charira of the cable las up. with a special
i r.ibje . rr w of 2*) men A sub-tndflna calda
i is qf two slzck, the core or deep sea ier-
tlon. and the armor part or shore ends,
th© latter !>•■lng several tlm*s larger than
tlie former to withstsind suoceesfully the
*e,r and tr ot sanh and tide, an
chors taiui other shallow water Injury.
Th© core constMtit of aevto fine copper
w.res which curry tlK* current, cover* l
with pure Para rubber which Is again
Mirtoun le*l by Tara rubber compound and
then wound around with cloth lajni satu
rated vrlth tar. tnaklriK th* • ntlr# cable
ah* ut % ot an n n in trip ki.es* oni *uit
lvtg &u tons to the mlJr* of cable length.
Thl* In the and ep sea cable The *hnre •* l
cable In somewhat differently constructed.
The c**r© In covered with what In called
a beading made of Jute yarn saturated
with tar. Then comes tin armor of K mild
stnel wires and an outer coating of Jute
yarn and saturated with tar and coated
ENTIRELY DEAF.
I had Catarrh, which becacit
so d©©p-seated that I was entire*
ly deaf in on© car, and all th© In*
side of my nose, lucludmg part
' of th© bone, aloughed off. W hen
th© disease had gon© this far tho
physictAQ gave me up ns incur*
sbl©. I determined to try 8. B. B.
ns a last resort, and began t© im
prove at oiios. It seemed to g©t at
j th© seat of the disea?©, and after
i a few weeks* treatment I waa ©•
\ tlrely cured, and for more than
seven years have had no sign of
j th© disease Mn. JOSKPIIINB
I POXsBILL, Du© West, B. C.
with lime, making the total thlrknea# 2%
tnrhe* Outta |er ha In th- maimf ictur
of cables has been displaced entirely by
pure para rubber, the latter hsviufc lx*ei%
fouiMl the le?t to withstand the ! •.•rela
tion* of the Tore 10, an lnert timt eata
Its way t> the core of the cable for tha
wke of the jcutta perch*, finally reaching
the copper wire and thuf neverinir tha
teJaymphlo communication
The Bafety Insulator Wire erd Cabla
Company of New York rnan ifaenir<l MV
miles of the mtlja of cn ! taken by
ha Burnside he nz t... rr. . n I .
of submarine cable mr ntoda In this
country. The cost was between JMW and
per mile.
Iwivlru? tho cable Is yotnir to b** a dif
ficult and deHCafe job A ci*-w f mofs
than 3f> men will have the hatwlllnc of
tii cable, and their duty will he to i*s
ihut It is paid out i ropafly and that It
rati ♦ amsthly fr>tn the Kreat i fink a to
tha deck and Ihettca out Into th* w ter.
If the oce.iti bad w*r* level cahla
l.ivlruc would a comparatively ay
ojMfmtlon But in thf' I'hlltppii.e l l imit
r**Klot the sea liottom Is extremely r< uku,
full of litKh mountains and p < hasrrua
Moreiover the • harts are f*wr firwl w. at
there are are mainly unrellible. I'otisi*-
quantlv the cable layer- will not k'ow
until they find out for Ibems* Ives w ei%
th** #lender strand Is etrchin? up the
eld*- of a aubmurtne moutitain m l when
It Is dearemliny Info the depths. Afttf
the Burnside boa dona her work thsra
will lie some new Information rr minima
the ocean bottom irfw*n the more tm
poftant islands, that will l m valuable to
n tvtoa tore.
tin harhlnff the point from whence tha
cable Is to be htJd the crew proceed to
land the heavy score ends, tills h<*inf
done by baullmr fmrn the heuch with
ropea and supfiorflriK the cable with ruts*
her air iil oona until eufh l**nt 1-nvtb
Is landed. havlnic bem made
with the niKn.il at at lop on sh*?re. tha
Burnside will M out for the shore with
which communlr*|on will t*e i-stahllah
el. itoitiK at a rate from I to * knot a m
hour- Hhe must prucead aaty as
tha rale t which the < ihle Is pal*! ut
dc|ertds on the depth of the water. In
fathoms of water, for Instance, tha
lenKth of cable fr<>m the ship to the point
of contact with the oc*an bed In 3D miles.
A sudden shallow from very' deep wit-r,
as In the rasa of a submarine mountain,
fs likely to break the cable by too sharply
• •
work of ftrappltna for th broken end
must be undertaken Capt ftqulraa whe
ha# the work In ehar* 1? on expert o
lony experience In cable work.
Illnnhea nt the Wise of Iter Hf|<*
From the I’rwl'knc" Journal.
It Is now a recounts* I f-'t nmong ke*
obner\crfl that m inkind can be divided
Into two rHsnee—tho* of Mg men and
tlu*enf little men. Obworvsrs have p—
tratod further still in the gone of general*-
Isatkm. and now dnclare that thara ara
Mg hen's aggs ami HtUo ben'a eggs, ad
that th e little hen's eirgn are given by
M'lx>ughlln‘n brown legtio'n hen, called
i eh Iran L4ttls m uni-.
Sd'*ncv that the brown leghorn
Mamin N fourteen montha old am\ weighs
two an*) a half pound.*, and Is t.o fat.
Truth rec u.IH that the hen's avoirdupois
causes the little eggs. Two ars now In
ib© Jonmnl offl n window, and they nr©
the alse of can ibd aisnonds. and have no
Yu irhf of yolk They make Mamie btuah,
and Mrs. McLoughJfn's seventy other bIM
ickie In derl<|rn. M *mb* has laid
of these IgUiputi m eggs every diy sine#
Thursday
- Maurice Maeterlinck, the poet nd
drsnuittst. pauses his spare time *nv>n|
the beehives which occMpy a protninsai
place in his garden
21