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FARMS AND FARMERS.
Short Talks With the Men Who
Guide the Plow.
QUESTIONS ON FARM TOPICS ANSWERED
Ditching Wet Laud-Utilizing Bottom Lands.
When excessive rainfalls, like those of re
cent date occur, and crops on bottom lands
suffer, we are prone to go to extremes and
greatly undervalue them. These lands may
be divided into three classes: those too wet for
corn or cotton; those subject to overflow, es
pecially from backwater, and those which are
overflowed in such a manner as to be badly
scoured or washed or covered with sand.
What should be done with the first class,
wet bottoms ? We spring this question now.
because tins is the best time in the year to
study drainingljpraetically in the field. Tho
supply of water in the earth is approaching its
minimum. This is shown by the failure of
■wells that are not supplied by bold
“veins."{Springs also are comparatively weak.
Tliis is true of those underground springs
which do not come out boldly to tho surface,
but expend themselves in spreading through
the soil around them, and keeping them too
■wet. Now this wetting of the soil being re
duced in area, by the limited flow of water in
the spring, the exact position of the latter can
be much more easily located than it can be in
winter and spring when the land generally is
wet, and water from underground springs dif
fuse itself much more widely. Go over wet
bottoms therefore in the late autumn months
and mark all the wet points. These will be
very apt to overlie the hidden springs.
This is the first step'.to be taken. The next is
to devise means for securing requisite depths
of main ditch or stream, if not
already present. Not less than four feet should
be aimed at. A deep main ditch is the essen--
tial condition for draining bottom land suc
cessfully. A four-foot deep main ditch allows
a gradual slope to the bottom of side, or sec
ondary ditches, and these may be three feet
deep, therefore, at some distance from the
main ditch. A drain ditch should always be
three feet deep at its shallowest point, if possi
ble. The water level, or water line, in the
Boil will always be some nearer the surface
than the bottom of the drain ditch. You can
not lower it fully to bottom of ditch.
Now, supposing main ditch sufficiently deep,
and springs located, the next step is to cut
side ditches or drains so as to tap tho springs.
The plan we have found most success
ful, is to cut the drains from springs or foot of
hili, obliquely across the bottom so as to strike
the main ditch at an angle of about 45 degrees
—of course pointing down stream. The num
ber requisite will of course vary. One for each
spring, if these are present, in the absence of
well washed springs, at a distance of thirty to
fifty feet apart, according to wetness of soil.
Other things being equal,tho deeper the drains,
the father apart they may be. But if the land
is at all wet in spring they should never be
more than fifty feet apart.
But sunpose the main ditch or stream can
not be gotten deeper than a foot and a half to
two feet. What then? Do not undertake to
drain the land; you will be sure to fail. Put
it down in grass. Herds grass or red top
will grow on wet bottoms admir
ably—indeed better than anywhere else. Ber
muda also will do well on them, and if the
soil is rich, will grow tall enough to be mowed,
and make most excellent hay. Don’t try to
cultivate these wet bottoms in corn, making a
small, sickly stalk, with perhaps a nubbin on
it. The grass crop will be worth ten times as
much as the corn, without any labor of culti
vation, after it has been well established.
Clear, clean up and grub thoroughly all the
wet bottoms on your farm. Do it now, whilst
tliey arc comparatively dry’, and may be, at
least scratched over with the plow, and then
seed down in grass. If weeds come up in the
spring, mow them down before they get large
enough to smother the grass. Two or three
mowings during the season will get rid of
them very effectually. Do not be led away
witli the idea that tho grass needs shade, and
let the weeds grow. The grass needs all the
soil, and its share of air and sunlight too.
The second class of bottoms, those that are
washed or scoured by rains; what shall be
done abort them? The trouble may be avert
ed in part by’ establishing barricades at the
narrowest points where the hills jut in. The
vcloei v of the wat . r can be checked by them,
and instead of scouring a deposit of rich sedi
ment secured. These barricades may be made
by driving willow stakes in double rows and
filling in between witli logs, brush, etc. The
willows will grow and ultimately
make a living barrier. Another precaution we
have found valuable for ordinary freshets is to
defer breaking such lands till late in the spring
—just as late as planting may be put
off. and thus decrease the risk of injury from
heavy spring rains. Unplowcd land is not
scoured near so badly as that which is plowed.
Another precaution is to sow in rye at the last
plowing of corn (which is usually late on bot
tom land) and let it cover and bind the soil
during winter and spring. But the barricades
should be our chief reliance. For moderate
rains a large ditch will serve to carry off the
water without Its overflowing the land, but
rainfalls occur every year or two which no
reasonable ditch would guard against, and it is
about these we are now speaking. The sub
ject will be resumed next week. W. L. J.
Mr. H. F. 8., Columbus, Ga., writes us at
some length, comment ng upon the impracti
cability of advice given H. 11. J., Milltown,
Alabama, in The Constitution of August
16th. In said issue Mr. J. is represented as
stating that he has 203 acres of land near
his house that he desires to put in grass for
pasture. We have not I*is manuscript, but think
he said 2or 3 acres, and by mistake it was
printed 203 acres. Mr. B. in his letter to us
raises the figures to 208, illustrating how easily
mistakes are made. We advised Mr. J, to ap
ply 30 two-horse loads of manure per acre and
in addition a certain amount of commercial
fertilizers, insisting that grass (winter) will not
succeed on poor land. Allowing the number
of acres to bo 20s, Mr. B. undertakes to calcu
late how many loads of stable manure would
be needed and how many tons of fertilizers,
and how long it would take one wagon to haul
fertilizers, and the inability of the county in
which Milltown is located to supply stable
manure enough, and so on. As stated above
our impression is that tho number of acres was
2or 3, and it would have been easy for Mr. B.
to carry out our advice. But if the fl gures had
been 203, our advice as to how to set in grass
would have been precisely tiie same. The
mode prescribed is the only successful one
known at present, and if inquirer has not
means to fulfill his desires, ho must limit his
undertaking to suit his means. We assume
that our readers have common sense.
W. L. J.
W. T K., Limewood, N. C., When is the best
time to kill old Held pi: 0 L lt.':..g v.hkhliave ben
Standing a long time und have become too large
and -■ tubby to be o'any ■:
August is the best month for girding or
belting pines.
M. O. £., Newton, N. < : : I have a milch cow that
has lw.l giving blood from oi e t at for two or three
week". The other teat are ail right.
Can you tell the cuu-c and give remedy?
6h< gives a quart or more at a milking, from that
one teat, but it is too bloody t > use.
There are four separate" glands in a cow’s
adder, each corresponding to a teat. Inflam
mation may exist in one of these glands with
out extending to the others. This is the case
with your cow. The causes of inflammation
THE WEEKLY CONSTITUTION. ATLANTA, GA.. TUESDAYJSEPTEMBER 13. 1887.
are various. Not milking clean, especially
soon afte^. halving, is a common cause of such
trouble j feeding freely with certain kinds of
feed which stimulate milk production, as cot
ton seed meal, also induces it. Tho proper i
treatment is to feed rather lightly, especially ,
of grain, and see that the bag is thoroughly I
emptied of milk, night and morning. If prac- I
ticable, let a calf suck the affected teat, as it i
will draw the milk more thoroughly and with !
less irritation to the cow than a human hand I
can do.
W. M. J., wlnter Seat, S. C: 1 havd a mule that is |
considerably swollen and seems to be weak in the
loins; has but little use of his hind parts. Will you I
please tel! me what is the matter with him and
what so do for him.
I he trouble is probably some affection of the
kidneys, possibly of long standing and chron
ic. If so, little can be done to cure it, but
something may be done to alleviate. Feed on '
soft, boiled food, with a pint of flax seed meal I
mixed with it once a day. Feed on green sue- ,
cnlent food, and let the,animal have free ac
cess to water at all times. The more water an
animal drinks, the less irritating to the kid
neys and bladder will the urine be.
A subscriber asks for the best contrivance
for tethering stock, (horses and cows) so they
cannot entangle themselves in rope. Will be
glad to hear from our readers on this subject.
Another asks for instruction to make a prep
aration to entice wild bees.
J. T. 8., level Land, S. C.:' 1. Tell me how to put
up lot manure with lime; how ranch of each to
make a goood manure, and about what time to put
it and whether with slacked or unslacked lime.
Will it do to mix stable, cow lot and trash manure
with lime? I want a good manure without much
cost.
2. Does sawdust help land materially; red stiff
land? In hauling out good deal that is five or six
years old with good deal of oak mixed, will it in
jure the land any?
M e answer the last part of your question
first. It is always risky to mix lime with any
of the richer manures. Those substances used
as manure which decompose slowly, as leaves,
straw, &c., may be mixed with lime to ad
vantage, but stable manure, indeed animal
manures of all kinds had better not be. If
you think your land is very deficient in lime,
and needs an application of it, you might mix
slaked lime with the trash manure by itself, at
the rate of ten bushels to a cord of trash. Do
this six months before you expect to use it.
After the lapse of four months, mix tho trash
compound thoroughly with lot manure, and
ibis mixture afterwards with stable manure.
Managed thus the lime will have no injurious
eflect upon the lot and stable manure. After
the last mixture has stood a couple of months,
it will be ready for distribution. All manure
heaps should be put in pens, and wetted and
well trainped when being put up. Proportion
the lime to other ingredients, so that when
compost is distributed, an acre may receive
from three to five bushels of limo.
2. Sawdust has little or no manorial value.
Pine dust when fresh may do harm if used in
excess. When old it is harmless, and may
answer a good purpose in loosening stiff soils,
but it hardly pays for tho hauling. Leaves
are much more valuable, and so is straw.
W. P. W., Buursville, Ala.: 1. H ave 200 acres
Alabama river bottom land, which was washed by
spring freshet of 1886 to tl.e <layer "hard pan," all
the top soil of 18 inches washed away. I want to
know how to restore the land, and please say:
First, can it be restored?
Second, by what meansl
2. I have six acres clay peas, broadeat t, want to
know:
First, when shall I cut them?
Second, how long shall I sun them?
Thir l, how can I store them away to prevent
moulding?
3. Are cotton seed hulls valuable as a fertilizer,
and if so, how should I use them?
4. I have a grove of forty acres covered with black
sandy soil, covered with blackjack and scrub post
oak. Bo you know any variety of grass suitable for
pasture that would grow upon it if fertilized; if so,
what is it, and what fertilizer should I use? And
what variety of grass would make hay on sandy; oil
by fertilizing, and what so t of fertilizer slouldbc
used? What kind of rye will grow on similar land?
1. If a recurrence of overflow and scouring
does not take place, it is possible to restore the
land described. The first thing to be aimed at
is to get something to grow on tho land to
furnish a supply of humus. If anything will
grow upon it spontaneously, at first, so much
the better, as that will diminish the cost. To
foster growth, however, whether spontaneous
or induced, the land should be brought into
fine tilth. Break it up deep and thoroughly;
roll and harrow as often as may be needed to
this end. The time to do this is regulated by
the growth which is expected to follow—if
weeds, do it in early autumn. They come up
readily on fall plowed, but not on spring plowed
land; on wheat fields, but not on spring sown
oat fields. If clover is to bo the work, plow in
February; if peas,break up at any time in early
spring.
If weeds come up spontaneously on the land,
let them alone until they are dead, don’t plow
them under green. Tho hard, woody stems
are needed to rot slowly and to open the soil.
If plowed in green, this mechanical action as
an opener, is reduced to almost nothing. In
case where weeds will grow, as said before, let
them alone the first year. The following win
ter, turn under quite shallow, so as to mix
them with upper layer of soil, Soil forming
must go on by slow degrees, and must begin
at the top. If clover has been grown success
fully in the neighborhood, sow it down in that
crop the last of February. If clover does not
thrive in your vicinity plant the land in peas
the last week in May. Don't sow them broad
cast, but plant in drills, three feet apart and
plow once or twice to keep land from
crusting and running together. If
you wish to hurry up matters, manure
peas, with 100 pounds of “Ash Element,” per
acre. This is a cheap fertilizer and has a
marked effect on peas. Let the peas mature,
and about the first of November sow in rye.
After the rye ripens put in peas again, and
rye will come up, without further seeding, af
ter the peas are laid by. This treatment con
tinued two or three years, tho land will be
ready for ordinary cropping, but should not be
run heavily in clean, cultivated crops; should
be sown in small grain, and alternate every
year. If clover will grow on the land, it will
be the best of all crops to bring it up. I f there
is danger of scouring from freshets again,
set land in bermuda, as soon as it
has been enlivened by a growth of weeds and
a crop of peas. It will hold the soil and en
rich it at same time, and with proper after
treatment give good cuttings of hay.
2. Cut soon after blooming, as soon
as wilted put in small compact
heaps, exposing as little surface to sun and
dew as possible. The next day put three of
these heaps in one, taking same precautions as
at first. If weather is good let them remain
in these heaps until cured enough to house.
If weather threatens put tlu in in bulk and let
them heat; then tear down and expose to air
so the moisture may pass off. Heating will
discolor them somewhat, but not seriously im
pair their value. Indeed, some hold that to
put them in bulk as soon as cut and let them
lieat, and then open up under shelter and let
them dry off is the best way to manage a crop
of pea vines. When water cannot be squeezed
out of a pea vine by twisting it, some claim ,t
may be stored away without dancer of
spoiling. In view of tho trouble
of curing pea vine hay. it would
be better to put them in silo.
Drilled corn and paa vines together make
most admirable ensilage.
Third, cotton seed hulls have some, but not
much, manurail value; they rank with leaves
as formers of humus. Their chief value is as
an opener for civile, sticky clays. They rot too
slowly to yield up their plant food much the
first year. They may be used as bedding in
stalls, answering well for that purpose. About
a garden they serve as g.n excellent mulch.
Fourth, such soil is not (adapted to grasses.
Os winter or perrenial kinds, tall meadow oat
grass would probably do best ,if the trees are
thinned out, but the laud would have to bo
heavily manured ever year. Cotton seed or cot
ton seed meal the first year and nitrate of soda
or some other nitrogenous manure, with a lit tie
kainit and phosphate as a top-dressing after
ward. Well rotted stable manure would an
swer in place of above. Bermuda grass will
grow on such laud as you have if the trees are
thinned out sunshine may reach the
surface in part, but its growth will not bo
strong unless heavily manured. Would not
adqise attempting to raise winter grasses on
very sandy lands, better to use drilled corn,
the millets, peavines and rye. We know of
but one variety of rye grown in the south.
Some speak of a white and black rye, giving
preference to the first, but we never noticed
any special difference.
Prosperous Putnam.
Eatonton, Ga., September 10.—[Special.]
There once lived and movMl and had his be
ing here, a gay citizen, who was known as Bill
Pike. He was careless and improvident—a
hanger-on around the skirts of Providence. But
from morning to night he kept the
town a-roar with his wit. and his humor. Thus
it happens that, although William has been
dead several years, his name is still a house
hold word in Eatonton, and in Putnam. His
happy bits, his queer conceitstand his droll
sayings keep his memory green. Not a day
passes that he is not quoted from. He was a
man, I take it, who would have been dear to
Shakespeare's, heart, a gay, rollicking fellow,
who flouted caro with his irrepressible humor
and his inimitable jests. It will be long be
fore any community will look on his like
again.
Once on a time there was a race riot in Ea
tonton. The negroes had taken possession of
the polls, and their success was such that their
confidence took the shape of insolence and bull
dozing. In this way a riot was precipitated.
The negroes deserted the polls, rushed into the
suburbs and camo marching back, armed with
shotguns and pistols. In the course of a very
few minutes the whites had cleaned them out.
Their retreat from the town took the shape of
a panic. The loader of the negroes was a
crooked-legged negro, and he managed to es
cape, galloping out of town with the speed of a
horse.
Weeks afterwards, this leader, whose name
was George, was hoard of in Greene county,
where ho was engineering a colored revival.
The marshal of Eatonton, Sandy Suther, to
gether with a posse which included Bill Pike,
determined to capture George. It was night
when tho marshal and his posse arrived in tho
neighborhood where George was holding forth,
and they soon found that lie was conducting
services in a negro church. Tho church was
surrounded while George, was leading in prayer.
When lie got through, he stood up and began
to “line" out a hymn.
“I will arise and go to Jesus,”
he remarked wit h unction.
“Well,” said Pike, who was at the door, “if
you do you will go byway of Eatonton.”
In talking with the farmers of Putnam I
was glad to find that many of them take a
practical view of the tariff question. They
feel that towns and communities can only be
built up by means of factories and oilier in
dustries, and they know that farmers cannot
have adequate homo markets until this build
ing-up has taken place.
“If you travel about in the country much,”
said a farmer friend, “yon will find that not
only have the best lands been taken up, but
the'old fields that were once used for cow pas
tures and cattle ranges are now making good
crops.”
“Well," said I. “this means that the county
is prosperous and giowing.”
“Os course that is one way to look at it,”
said my friend, “but there is another side.
Doesn't it all mean more competition among
farmers? I don't take much interest in the
newspaper discussions of tho tariff, but
i* docs seem to inc, that the
building up of industries and factor
ies would give employment to a large class of
our population, v.’lii. h is now piddling around
on the farms. I think protection, which now
prevents the pauper labor of Europe from
competing with our manufacturers, wili even
tually prevent another class of pauper labor
from competing with farmers, by giving em
ployment to thousands who are now compelled
to dig their living out of the ground, in a lazy
and an aimless sort of way.”
“But,” said I, “bow about the tariff taxes
that you read about in the newspapers?"
“Bosh!” exclaimed the farmer. “Every
thing I buy—my clothes, my tools, my eroek
eryware, everything—is a great deal cheaper
than it was before the war, when, as I under
stand, a low tariff was in operation.”
“At the sumo time,” said I. “the probability
is that a majority of the farmers of Putnam
county are in favor of free trade.”
“That,” said my friend, “is because they do
not take tho trouble to consider the matter.
They.liave inherited free trade ideas, and they
stick to them. With slavery before the war, it
was natural that the south should bo for free
trade. No other policy would have b< ett con
sistent. But the situation has been changed,
and the people will have to change too. There
is no doubt about it.”
There is another evidence of the progress that
Putnam has made, and that is the growth and
development of the dairy. An immense
amount of the finest butter is shipped abroad
from Putnam. The pioneer in this business is
Mr. B. W. Hunt, whose energy is something
phenomenal. His experiment with Jerseys
has been a costly one, but pluck and patience
have done their perfect work, and his Jersey
daily farm, in the suburbs of Eatonton, is not
only a source of pleasure, but of considerable
profit. Mr. Hunt’s dairy is a model. It is
built over a bold spring, and the pure water
running through insures a temperature that
never varies more than four degrees winter and
summer.
J. C. 11.
LITTLE BUT LIVELY.
Chlcngo Tlmrs: A»Phlla<lelphia republican paper
has an article on “What Keeps the South Solid.”
But the quickest way to find out is to listen to For
aker, Fairchild, Tuttle, Clarkson and other partisans
of their kind.
Kaehi’itte American: “Aim high,” istl.e Savannah
News' advice to young men. This is the same old
chestnut that the girl sprung on the fellow who
kissed her oil the chin.
Xorrletoun IhraM: A Georgia pnp r says that
Mr. Wheeler, of Hancock county, cut a watermelon
a few days ago, and when opened it displayed a dls
tictiy formed “W” on both halves. This must have
been one of tho melons tliat will “W” up.
Morton Courier: Gross is usually green, but there
Isn’t anything green about a glass widow.
Jlorton Courier: It is a little singular, to say the
least, that after a man has been painting the town
led he alv ayi looks blue.
Indi<i'.i"i:oli*.» nllnel: “For insulf ing ami mobbing
democratic presidents the republican party are fully
entitled to all the dishonor that accrues from such
proceeding”
ricJW>.iry Herald: “The Ch o igo Times says Gen
eral Tuttle now wants to fight the south from the
floor of the senate chamber. This would be better
for the south than if he fought them in the Held.
He couldn t st. ai their cotton.”
Chleufio Tribune: “The six i n 'els reported as hav
ing been se< n lately in Tenso-see have not been
visible tirany one si ice their first appearance. It is
si’.sp-.ted ti nt a. wr n ax they found out where, they
were they took to the woods.”
Duluth Co'itiiophcr: The reason they speak of r.
round million Is because few men ever get that
much on the square.
.Son«i A-us: There Is nothing consolatory for
the patient eilfciiirg from a event cold in the b ad
t i idi told that ■ cohls always ittaelrtbe weakest
spot.”
Hutliiifiliiii Free Pra A Buillngton girl 1:-. learning
to play the cur. et, and her admirers speak of
hei as "il.e fairest flower that blows.” ,
A Big Show Without Liquor.
Atlanta is a dry town, and the Piedmont exposi
tion will be the first great show e'er given in
America without liquor on the grounds. This will
insure good order and will discourage swindling and
pickpockets. It will be interesting to see how a
great exposition will succeed in a prohibition city.
EXPOSITION NOTES.
The Great Attractions to be Seen
at the Coming Piedmont Fair.
A CHANCE TO SEE THE WONDERFUL.
It is well for every man and his wife and
children to see the world once in awhile. Men
and women, and especially young folks, stag
nate when they stay in one place all the time
and never see anything but their own neigh
borhood.
Now you have the chance of your life to take
a trip and see a world of sights at least cost and
in least time. It is to go to the Piedmont ex
position, which opens in Atlanta October 10,
closing October 22. What will you see there?
1. An exposition covering eight acres of
solid exhibits of every article from a candy
stick to a steam engine—the latest wonders of
science in every department. A day in these
buildings is a liberal education.
2. A building devoted to cattle, 600 feet by
100; a building devoted to poultry, 203 by 200;
300 stables for horses; swine, goats, sheep,
etc., in abundance.
3. Tl.e collective county exhibits of a dozen
counties, showing the resources of each county
in agricultural and industrial products, ladies'
handiwork, live stock and every tiling raised in
the county.
4. The richest epitome of tho south’s riches
ever shown in collective exhibits from the citi
ies of Birmingham, Anniston. Decatur, Tusca
loosa, Gadsden, Rome and Tallapoosa. Tho
Richmond and Danville railroad, tho Marietta
and North Georgia railroad, the East Tennes
see road and the Florida Southern road. Each
of these collective exhibits will cost, thousands
of dollars, and you will see tho grandest show
of southern riches ever made.
5. An art gallery with 400 pictures from tlio
best living artists, and twenty paintings from
Mr. George I. Seney’s gallery, which ranks
with Vanderbilt’s. One of these pictures cost
$40,000 (forty thousand dollar's,) and the twen
ty cost over a quarter of a million dollars.
6. President Cleveland and his wife—Presi
dent Cleveland will make a speech one day—
watch tho sham battle and review the troops
next day, and he and his wife will bo ready to
shake hands with you all the time. Don't
miss or let your children miss seeing tho first
democratic president ever south and Ids beau
tiful and clover wife. They will always re
member having shaken hands with these
great people.
7. A magnificent sham battle covering 75
acres with four batteries of artillery, ten com
panies of cavalry and 5,000 infantry. The
president and his wife will watch tho battle
which lasts two horns, and hewill then review
the troops and hold a public reception.
8. A torchlight procession witli 10,000 young
democrats in line, tho city illuminated, and
the very skies lit with the splendor of the
scene. This will be the sight of a life-time.
9. The grandest firework displays over given
in America. One feature will boa living wall
of fire 140 feet long, 40 feet high, roaring and
sparkling like Neagara. These displays will
last two hours. You have never dreamed of
anything so gorgeous. Tho pictures of Presi
dent and Mrs. Cleveland will be shown in fire
in mid air, surrounded by thousands of rock
ets.
10. Tho illumination of Kennesaw moun
tain. The whole mountain stands out like a
picture in red light, cannon boom on its side,
and 5,000 rockets are fired by electric match
from its center. Pictures of General Johnson
and General Sherman will be displayed in lire
against the skies. >Sueh a spectacle as this
illuminated mountain has never been seen.
11. Bicycle races, on which man can beat
horses running. Balloon ascensions in which
you can go 1,000 f et up in a balloon and bo
landed back safely.
12. Horseraces every dr.y, bringing horses
from all sections of the country.
13. Governor Fitzhugh Lee, of Virginia;
Governor Richardson,of South Carolina; Gov
ernor Bob Taylor, of Tennessee; Governor
Seay, of Alabama; Governor Perry, of Flori
da; Governor Gordon, of Georgia; each with
his military staff of forty mounted men.
14. The city of Atlanta, tho best city in the
south, and the building in which wo make and
print The Constitution, the best paper in
the country, and shako hands with the men
and women who make it.
15. A vast numberof amusements and sights
which we cannot enumerate. Everything
from the old fashioned circus to a flying jenny.
A solid two weeks of instruction and amuse
ment.
Now all this will give yon enough sights to
talk about for years—will be an education to
yourself and children and will show you more
in three or four days than you could-get by
traveling four or five months. Now, what
does it cost?
First, the railroad fare is lower than ever
before. From no point it is more than one
third the regular rate. It is one cent a mile
each way, and from some pointaeven less than
that. If your railroad station is a hundred and
fifty miles fioßi Atlanta the fare cannot be
more than three dollars for the round trip, and
may he less.
2. It costs you only fifty cents to see evciy ■
thing on the exposition grounds—twenty-five
cents for children. This includes seeing the
fire-works, tho balloon ascensions, the sham
battle, hearing the president speak, shaking
hands with him, the races, and everything on
the grounds. Yon can stay on the grounds all
day long, if you want to, even until 10
o’clock at night, when the tire works will be
closed. It costs you only fifty cents for the
day and night, and your children twenty-live
cents.
3. There will bo sandwich stands and res
taurants all over the grounds. At no place
can you bo charged more than fifty cents a
meal, while sandwiches with milk and coffee
can be had from ten to twenty-five cents. Yon
can get breakfast, dinner and supper on the
grounds, and in no eases be charged more than
fifty cents a meal. If you bring your own pro
visions you will find plenty of places in which
to spread them out, picnic fashion, and eat
without any cost. Tlicre are public buildings
for public comforts free to everybody.
4. The exposition has engaged a large num
ber of rooms in the city in which five or six
or seven cots are placed. The charge for a
night’s bed at these places will not exceed fifty
cents a night. By making up a party of six
or eight you can take all the cots in a room at
fifty cents a piece, and each cot will take a
grown person and a child.
5. The exposition committee has canvassed
the city thoroughly and lias a list of boarding
houses, and private houses, where strangers
can be accommodated, with the price at each
house. These prices are low, except at tho
most expensive hotels, where they run up to
from three to five dollars a flay for each person.
(>. If visitors ilesiro to camp out, they will
find a number of places where they can be pro
tected without any charge.
In short it has been the aimof the committee
to make this a cheap exposition, so that all tho
people could come. They have guarded every
where against extortion. They have got tho
railroads down to tho lowest point ever known.
A good meal for fifty cents, including six or
eight dishes, besides a desert is very low,while
ti n or fifteen cents will buy sandwiches and
coffee and milk enough for a meal. Detectives
Lave been employed to protect visitors against
any sort of swindling. There will boa ful
police force on tho grounds day and nights,and
the exposition will have several offices open
all the time tor information and the comfort o
visitors.
Now Thk Constitution advises its friends
to come to the exposition. It is really the
chance of a life time, and you will always re
gret having missed it for your own sake and
that of your family. If you cannot come
yourself lot your wife and children come, and
when you come remember you will find tiie
latch string on the outside of The Constitu
tion door. Wo would be glad to see every one
of our 110,000 subscribers with their families
face to face and shako hands with them. You
will be glad that you camo for you will seo
more in less time, and at less cost than it was
ever given people to see before.
Wo print below the principal events so that
our readers will know just when to come:
The nrcYct.K racks are on Tuesday, the
11th, Wednesday, tiie 12th, and Thursday, the
13th. Two hundred bicycles will also be. out
with the torch light procession on the night of
the 19th.
Horse R aces.—There will bo horse races
every day, beginning Tuesday, the Hili, and
closing Saturday, the 22d.
The Fireworks Display.—There will bo
special fireworks exhibition Wednesday, tho
12th, Friday, tiie 14th, Tuesday, the 18th, and
Wednesday, the 19th.
The Balloon Ascensions.—The balloon
ascensions will take place on Wednesday, tho
12th, Friday, tho 14th, and Monday, tiie 17th.
These ascensions will be made by two balloons
which will make a race to tho clouds. Ono
carrying a lady and the other a man, and tho
winning balloon will receive a prize. Tho
lady will jump from the balloon at tiie height
of five thousand feet, and tho man hanging
from his balloon, will perform difficult gym
nastic feats in mid-air.
The Illumination of Kennesaw Moun
tain.—These illuminations will take place on
Tuesday, October the lltli, and Monday, Oc
tober the 17th.
I’liKsinuNT Cleveland's Visit.—The presi
dent and Mrs. Cleveland will reach Atlanta
Monday night, October 17th. Tho president
will speak on Tuesday, the 18th, and hold a
reception at the grounds. He will review tho
troops on Wednesday, tho 19th, and review
tho torch light procession that night.
Tub Sh am Battle.—Tho sham battle will
occur at half past ten o'clock the morning of
Wednesday, tiie 19th.
The Knights of Pvthjas Drill. —This
drill will take place on Thursday, the 20th.
The exposition will bo open at night, for
three nights, Wednesday, the 12th, Friday, tho
llth, and Tuesday, the 18th. Tho dates of
these features tvill not bo changed, and you
may rely on their being correct. The expo
sition will not ho open Sunday. The awards
will bo made and tho stock displayed every
day in the ring fronting the grand stand. There
will bo amusements for every day, such as
circus, baseball, gun club shooting, etc. The
Constitution offers one piece of advice in
closing: If you do not come until the presi
dent and Mrs. Cleveland are here, leave home
so as to reach Atlanta Sunday night. You can
then spend Monday examining tho exposition
and seeing tho wonderful show, and on Tues
day and Wednesday enjoy the sights on tiie
ground. Tho exposition itself is worthy a full
day’s study. You will bo able to find board
and lodging. Atlanta is a great city, and
every house in the city will bo open, and all
tho surrounding villages and towns have
opened their houses. There will bo room for
all.
EXPOSITION NOTES.
Another Big Building for the Expiisltion.
It xvas thought that tho directors had mot
all the demands for space at the exposition, but
they decided yesterday afternoon on putting
up another large building.
The now building will bo for tho benefit of
tho poultry, pigeon, and pot stock show. It was
hoped that this show could be made in tho ag
ricultural hall, but tluit, is already crowded to
its utmost. Tho new building will be a hun
dred and fifty feet by two hundred foot. Tho
present, intention is to build it with an open
court in the center which will be decorated
with gravel walks and flowers, for the display
of poultry in fair weather. It is possible
that this plan wilt bo changed and a. lantern
roof put over tho open court and lit at. tho
sides witli glass windows.
Tiie chicken men throughout tho country
should appreciate this special compliment of a
big building for their use. Tho entries for
poultry are coming in daily, and arrangements
willin' made for six thousand coops. There
will be wire aviar'i s constructed for tho caged
birds, pigeons, and I is.nicls, under the Kimball
house, will enter fifty different varieties of
caged birds. Mr. Lawson, the famous tobac
conist, says lie will beat the record on
caged birds. Dr. Carpenter, who lias several
hundred canaries, will also make an
entry. Tim entries of pigeons will
bo unusually large, fanciers from
half a doz< n states having already applied for
space. Tim poultry and pet stock building
will bo one of llm chief attractions at Hie fair,
and of course there is an opportunity for fine
bleeders everywhere that cannot bo beaten.
Will Carry Torches.
Berrien county promises to send at least one
good company.
Mr. E.C. Munnerjyn write sfrom Bainbridge:
“VVo favor your plans and will do all we call to
aid so noble and worthy mi enterprise. We
Imjie your highest, expectations will be realized
and will do the best we know how.”
Colonel Robert T. David, of Griffin, writes:
“Spalding will have one or more companies in
line upon that important Occasion.”
Colonel S. I*. Gilbert, of Columbus, says:
“I am heart and soul with you asayoung dem
ocrat and an cx-Atlanta man.”
Powder Springs sends a list of tiie twenty
five young men <4 tho company which has
been formed, and about ten others who will bo
Jieio without fail. Mr. J. G. Camp, who has
liceu made captain, writes: “1 trust that the
occasion may boa triumphant success in every
sense, of the term, and that, it may redound to
the la ting glory of the Young Men's Demo
cratic. league. I beg to assure you that no
company in that stupendous procession will
labor more zealously to accomplish the lauda
ble objects of that occasion tiian tho gallant
and manly ‘boys’ whom I shall command as
captain. There will be, norm of deeper patriot
ism or loftier conceptions of the grandeur of
the occasion.”
Colonel George C. Grogan, of Elberton,
says: “The banner democratic county could
not afford to be absent. Os course we will bo
there. Will forward a number of companies
and the names of the captains in a few days.”
Thirty Excursion Trains From Pennsylvania.
Mr. C. 11. Wells, the editor of Dixie, who is
just back from a two months’ tour through
Pennsylvania, says:
“I learned in Pennsylvania that at least
thirty excursion trains would be run to the ex
position. In Harrisburg three different parties
are advertising for names of all persons coming
to tho Piedmont exjx sition for excursions
which will Im run by each of them. I saw one
of the umn and bis list had already gone up
over one hundred names. In the little town
of Milford, Pa., 1 saw another man who had
registered over thirty people for a. trip to the
south to see the exjiosition. The matter is
talked of in every Pennsylvania town, and a
very largo number of Penn.sylvaniaiH will
comedown. Mr. Bartlett, of Portland, Me.,
several time a millionaire, is organizing a par
ty to come from that city.
- -•—————-
A Twenty Years' Experience.
770 Bboadway, N. Y., March 17,1886.
I have been using Allcoi k’h Porous Plas
ters fur 20 years, and found them one of tho
best of family medicines. Briefly summing up
my experience, I say that when placed on tiie
small of the back Allcock’s Plasters fill
the body with nervous energy, and thus cure
fatigue, brain exhaustion, debility und kidney
difficulties. For women and children I have
found them invaluable. They never irritate
thoskiiiorcau.se the slightest pain, but cure
Horn throat, cronpy coughs, colds, pains !u side,
back or chest, indigestion and bowel com
plaints. 0. D. Fredricks.
IN TIIE JUNGLES.
A Two Months’ Hunt in the For
ests of Brazil.
BIRDS AND REPTILES THAT WERE SEEN
New York, August 22.—Clarence B. Riker,
of 8 luth Orange, a member of the American Oml
thological society, his just returned from two'
months of bug nnd bird hunting in the foresta of
Brazil.
“My wife and I,” said Mr. Riker to a reporter to
day, “went by steamer from hero to Para, at the
mouth of tiie Amazon. There we changed to u
smaller steamboat that took us up-the river 500 mileft
to Santarem. There we took canoes and were pad
died by Indian Loys through miles of narrow chan
nels (hat wind in and out through a vast region of
flood© 1 torcst. After we hud gone as far as u e eouhV
in canoes, an ox cart was backed hub deep into tho
water, and we transferred ourselves and l>aggmfe to
it. We then r »de along well benten paths extend
ing for miles through magnificent timber. Tho
dense foliage made a perfect shade,'
and she paths were r.s hard as o.ir roads. When wo’
arrived at the plantation which we had decided to
make onr headquarters, we found a comfortable
house with concrete walls, a tiled roof and ham
mock beds. The planters have fowls, swine and
cattle, and raise the principal vegetables and fruits
that we have, and the seeds of the palm tree aro
made into various nourishing dishes. One of tho
staple articles of food is a fish called pirarucu. It is
dried for market and resemldes codfish. The na
fives live almost entirely on bananas and fainha, a
course meal made from the mandloen root. Many
oi the planters raise sugar cane und from it make
whisky to supply tho rubber gatherers. Tiie fer
mented juice of the palm is another drink umk! by
the natives and a delicious wine is made from a
fruit called caju. an I also from juice extract.-d from
the pulp surrounding the cocoa bean. This drink
is universally liked by foreigners, but for the others
one must nequuo a taste. Tbovc are vary .few
niosquitoes, but . there are some things worse.
The inocoeiie, an almost microscopic insect, clings
t” the th .41, and if not removed by rum or lemon
juice, causes severe Initation. Large vampire bats
often fly hi one’s face at night. They are four times
the size of our bats. Many natives boar scars from
their teeth. Tarantulas were frequently seen on
tho veranda and sometimes in the bouse. Their
bite is not emisidered deadly, but the minute Lairs
with which (hc’r barb is covered are poisonous and
oauseteiTible c itation. If left the doors of Hio
house Open at night, large loads weighing a pound
und a hall ap;c -e could hop in. tine night niy wife
was tiw.dreged by n ariiig ..onto tin tnal moving in
the room. We could sue nothing, but from tiie
sound we wore sure tt must lie a tiger, or nt least a
wildcat. On striking a light it turned our to be a
*l>ossun>. Alligators were plenrll'til in tiie brook
near the house, and n deadly snake called the sira
citeuis frequently found crouchingin the paths of
the forest. We captured a boa constrictor
twenty two feet long. 1 a'tlesnnkes arc numerous
on tiie campos or open plains. Leaving ray wife at
the plantation I made excursions Into the forest in
search of birds and insects. 1 generally went with
three or four other Americans and several Indian
guides. At night the Indians would make a
thatched bouse out of paint leaves. When thirsty
wc would cut the root of tiie iupereba, which is hol
low and . 011111.11- nearly a pint of water. Giuue was
plenty. There were wild hoes, tnpiis, monkeys,
wild turkeys, peccaries and a great variety of Itlrits.
We frequently saw the trucks of jaguars near our
hut, but did not meet any of them. Toobtu it sonio
rare s| ectnicitsol biidswo penetrated fur into tiie
depth of tho forest. 1 utensurud one palm leaf und
found it to be forty ibet in length. There were rose
wood, mahogany, and many woods not found else
where. In tie flooded districts 1 saw sloths
hanging upside down and feeding on the leaves of
trees. Numerous butterflies, brightly colored, and
bird.-, with brilliant plutunge abound. And on lite
banks of the rivers nt even in;.-1 saw thousands of
whiteegres. 1 was very su ■> ■■■'slid in coil, e.t.iug. ns
1 brought buck over titilt idrds, 10.000 Insects and tbo
skeletons of nut-eaters, sloths, American tigers, ser
pents and many other animals. I obtained a i.ow
amt five arrows captured in a light between rubber
packers and u tribe ot J'arb.tlntln Indians, who hud
attacked tliom. These Indians nie perfe. tl.v wild,
and live In tiie .'e ■)> lece.- tiie forest. Tiieyaro
cannibals. 1 also brought home a young tiger. Its
mother wits shot while Icediug on an ox which slio
had killed. To keep tiie tiger company 1 brought a
largo coat In or spider monkey. He wascauglit wbeu
young, and is now entirely domesticated,”
One J’rogrcsH.
As stages are ipiickly abandoned with tho
completion of tailixiads, i:> the lingo drastic,
calliiiitic pills, eoniposed of crude and bulky
medicines aro quickly abandoned with the
intiodm lion ol Hr. I’iorce’s “I’icitsant I’urga
tivo ITHets.” which uro sugar-coated, and
little birgor than mustard seed, but composed
of highly < .'iieentratcd vegetable extract... By
druggists.
THE SEPTEMBER DRAWING.
The following is a list of the fortunuto snb
scribcrs, with their postofliecs ami the prized
drawn:
1. J. D. Alexander, Thomaston.Ga 4100 00
2. F. C. G ilsby. Hill-lion , t.u 1.1 IX)
3. 11. K. Browning, McAithur. Go 25 00
4. N. B. Jolmson, Weatherford, Texas 10 00
5. Win. R. Itynll. Marvin, Ga 10 00
6. T. J. Davis, Ocala, Fia 0 00
7. VVm. Roberts, Union, f.Hss 5 l;0
8. Lizzie Kcunedy, Kennedy, N. C 5 <0
9. J. E Maguire, Lithonia, Ga 6 00
10. John Moody, Viin Eaton, Miss 5 txi
11. W. L. Jones, Litteobi, Ala., high arm nine,bine.
12. W. L. Adams, McDonald, Ga., low anunia
cliinc.
13. J. A. Ricks, Snapping Shoals, Ga., Constitu
tion gun.
14. J. Wesley Brown, Gravella, Ala., Waterbury
watch.
15. Wiley T McElroy, J’elzer, S. C., Waterbury
watch.
Ift. W. K. Hines, Rosebud, Ala., Waterbury watch.
17. M. A. Smith, Eufaula, Ala., Waterbury watch.
18. Edward L. Wyatt, Le isvillc, Texas, Waterbury
watch.
lit, F. M. Aw, Marquez, Texes, Watt rbury
watch.
20. H. B. Reynolds, Barlow Bend, Ala., Waterbu
ry watch.
21. G. H Haigler, Iluynt svlllc, Ala., Wateibury
watch.
22. A. 11. Moore, Creighton, Ga., Waterbury
watch.
23. L. M. Hendon, Menlo, Ga., Waterbury watch.
24. Robert I'. Tatum, Rising Fawn, Ga., one y«n a
subscription to Weekly.
25. W. E. Rlsir, Alpine, Ala., one year’s subset ip
tlon to Weekly.
20. W. T. Tucker, Zachary, La., one year s sub
scription to Weekly.
27. J. F. McTyer, Terese, Ala., one year’s sub-crip
tioiiito Weekly.
28. W. F. Woodilir, Gainesville, Ga., one year's
subscription to Weekly.
29. T. !’• Moore, Odd Fellow's Hull, Tenn., one
year’:! subscription to Weekly.
::o. M. B. Herring, Winterville, Ga., one year's
snb.-'crlptlon to Weekly.
81. George E. Thornton, Preston, Ga., one year's
subscription to Weekly.
32. H. Edwards, Arkadelphia, Ark., one year's
subseripllon to Weekly.
T. T. Leasure, Kingston, 0., one ycui A sub
scription to Weekly.
31. Mary F. Wesley, Margaret, Texas, one year's
sufo'-ripllon to Weekly.
11. F. Row, Dalton, Ga., one year's subscription
to Weekly.
J. 11. i'urgereon, Pattison, Texas, one yeat's sub
si rlpt lon to W eekly.
87. L. K. Elder, Duck Town, Tenn., one year’s
subscription to Weekly.
38. T. E. Stribling, Walhalla, 8. 0., one yea, s sub
sei i plion io Weekly.
::9. Dr. B. J. Hunt, Oak Hall, N. Y., one year’s sub
seription to Weekly.
40. Mrs. M. L. Sealy, Bronwood, Ga., one year's
sub-'ription to Weekly.
4t. Geoig 8. Hmidcn>.ui, Birmingham, M,- , one
year’s subsedptlon to W< ekly,
42. Ed Colenmn, Haddock nation,Ga., one year’s
subscription to weekly.
43. L. p. Carroll, Ozark, Alo., one yeur'seubscrlp*
tlon to Weekly.
41. O. G. Baker, Nettleton, Mo., one year's sub
scription to Weekly,
4 >. D. E. Gaskin, Wlllueoochee, Ga., one year's
subscription to Weekly.
4G. A. <!. Jepoii, Florence, H. C., one je-s sub
scription to Weekly.
47. J. R. Mcßride, Oakwood, Texas, one year’s
subscription to Weekly.
48. J. F. Clark, Mcßryde, Ga., one year's suburip-
ton to Weekly, F. H. Stbkd,
W. B. Candler.
Managua.
7