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BY MILDRED BERYL BROWS.
Uhi. 11. J., H*wkinsville, G*.—l am
very much pleated with your poultry de
partment, and am aure that with such
▼al«able ad sice as we will obtain through
its columns, that the raising of poultry
will be made both profitable and pleas
ant. Ify experience in the poultry busi
ness is not very extensive, yet in the
short period of one year, that I have tried
te raise the little things, I have had
enough trouble to make me almost gray.
My old speckle hen came off on the first
of last June with fourteen little chicks.
On the following day the little fellows
looked very drowsy and upon examina
tion I found that they were covered with
mites. I had always heard that snuff
would kill mites and that it was often
used in the nest to prevent their taking
possession. With that idea in my head,
I bought some snuff and literally cover
ed the little chicks with it, and then put
a quantity of it on the mother hen. It
was with a sad heart that I bad to bury
those fourteen sweet little chicks. The
hen survived, but she has a chronic
sneeze unto this day.
Now please tell jne why the suuff does
not hurt the old hen when you sprinkle
It in her nest, but kills the chicks when
you put it on them freely? But this was
not all my trouble. I had an early brood
that were hatched in the spring. These
were lino and I expected to have a fine
lot of pullets to lay in the fall, but they
took sore-head and half of them died.
My oldor chickens had it also and after
using every remedy known to my expe
rienced neighbors, I saved a few of the
flock. Next the chickens took the pip
(I believe my friends called il) and more
of them died.
I had almost determined to give up the
business, but since you have opened the
poultry department for Tiik Southern
Alliance Farmer, have taken fresh
courage and will try again.
Encouraging Poultry Raising.
To the Wives aud Daughters of Alliance
men:
Greeting—Familiar with the fact that
your husbands and fathers are zealously
living up to that principle of our noble
order which inculcates reformation iu
economy and the dissemination of prin
ciples best calculated to encourage
and foster agricultural pursuits; know
ing the glad-heartedness with which
you have seconded and will continue
to second their efforts in that behalf;
persuaded that the smaller indus
tries of the farm can be made to figure
solidly and conspicuously in the prosper
ity which will come to our every home
through faithfulness to Alliance princi
ples; and belisviDg that it is possible to
make the poultry yard the most import
ant of the smaller industries referred to,
I have determined to offer a few prizes
which may direct closer attention to
poultry raising for profit.
I delayed acting on this suggestion,
which occurred to me iu June last, until
now, because the months named for the
test are better suited to the purpose than
any other.
To the wife or daughter of an Alliance
man, in the Tenth Congressional District,
who, beginning January Ist and ending
June 30, 1890,with a yard of not less than
twenty-five or more than one hundred
hens, makes the best exhibit of profit on
account of eggs obtained and sold or con
sumed ; chicks raised and sold or con
sumed during the period mentioned, I
■will give prizes as follows:
first prize—One set Chambers’ Ency
clopedia, 10 vols,, sheep, 832 pages each,
Household edition.
Second prize Dickens’ Complete
Works, 14 vols., cloth, Diamond edition.
Third prize—One year's subscription to
The Southern Alliance Farmer,or any
Southern agricultural journal or weekly
newspaper, with the Massachusetts
Ploughman or the Youths’ Companion.
Names should be entered not later than
• December 23,1889.
Lists and instructions as to account to
bb kept and report to bo made will be
furnished each competitor by date last
given. A committee of three representa
tive gentlemen, with Major Sidney Her
bert as chairman, will make the awards.
The foregoing proposition is restricted
to the Tentli Congressional District. In
addition, however, I make a similar offer
to the wives and daughters of Alliance
men in Georgia outside said districts.
In entcriHg the lists, give full name,
post-office and county.
Respectfully, Martin Y. Calvin,
Chairman State Judiciary Committee and
Lecturer Rock Alliance.
The Central’s Annual Report-
Advance sheets of the annual report of
the Central Railroad and Banking Com
pany show that last year’s gross earnings
were $5,108,595; operating expenses, taxes,
betterments, $3,310,266; net $1 799,328.
Net income from Ocean Steamship Com
pany, $476,454; from bank, $37,244; from
investments, $132,368; total net, $1,437,-
295. Interest on bonds, $864,805, on
loans, $50,581; on certificates of indebted
ness, $276,000; rental of roads, $472,102;
excess of income over fixed charges,s7B3,-
065; surplus from last year, $178,226;
total $1,261,891. Disposed of in payment
of $600,000 iu dividends, $23,370 advanced
on Georgia railroad leases, $15,000 set
aside for Montgomery aud Eufaula rail
road sinking fund and sloojooo for the
Ocean Steamship Company sinking fund,
leaving a surplus for dividends of $523,,
515.
Wall street and the speculators sup
port their organs liberally; tho railroads
support their newspapers —should not
all true Alliancemen join in the support
of the organ of their order? I
WALKS AND TALKS.
By Hon. Martin V. Calvin, Chair
man State Alliance Judi
ciary Committee.
no. 2.
At odd times, during the recent session
of the legislature, I gossipped with
brother farmers on the cultivation of
grasses, fruit, etc. Much was said about
vetch, Johnson grass and other valuablo
grasses. Interest centered in vetch, and,
on the return trio from Savannah, I
promised to devote this talk to vetch.
My recollection is that Charles Wallace
Howard first directed attention to the for
age value of this plant. My attention
was first drawn to it, after reading How
ard, in a walk on the Georgia Railroad
between Augusta and my home, f was
astonished to find a grass growi sg almost
luxuriantly in January and February
along the Hue of the railroad between
Judge King’s and Davidson’s crossing,
near my own farm. It grew apace, in
spite of cold rains and snow. The first
touch of. spring gave it perfect freedom
and it began to rear its he ail and make
ready to bloom. As it grew, it threw out
itsseed pods, and from May 15th to June
Ist, these pods turned black, showing the
ripened seed. A busier, more business
like plant than vetch, I do not know.
As soon as the seed are fully
ripened,tho pods begin to burst and scat
tor the seed broadcast. The burst
ing is itself a twisting process, and
tho seed are hurled, so to speak, a con
siderable distance from the stalk or main
stem. Passing a vetch field, at tho time
indicated, one would have his attention
fixed by tho ceaseles click, click of the
bursting pods. Tho seeds are smaller
than okra aud very dark gray in color.
The pod is very similar to that of the
partridge pea.
Ido not know anything superior to
vetch for soiling purposes. Fed to milch
cow-8, it increases tho yield of milk aud
the butter is golden in color.
In the spring of ’B2, I hauled vetch sod
from the railroad, and dotted an aero in
oats with it. Later, I cut it for horses
and cows; aud later still collected seed
and threw them wherever I desired a
catch.
Then I seeded three- of an acre
of sandy land to vetch, and each year
since, have gathered a fine crop of hay
after tho plant had seeded the land for
the ensuing year. This year, I shall ex
tend the area.
The preferred time to sow vetcli is
September, with oats or rye. It will have
cast its seed before the other grain is
ready for the cradle or mower. It can be
seeded as late as December.
Vetch should not be grazed or cut
previous to tho ripening of the seed; cut
at this stage, tho hay is good aud the soil
thickly covered with seed. Cow peas or
corn or any other crop can be grown on
the plat and taken off before the seed,
turned under in the processes of culti
vation, will germinate.
The plant seems to be at home any
where. Thi laud should, of course, be
carefully prepared and ought to be ma
nured and cultivated level. One peck to
one-half bushel will seed an acre. Avoid
ploughing from the time the plant begins
to peep out till it casts its seed, and you
will not have occasion to re-seed. In
this sense, vetch is a perennial.
Given an acre or ten or a hundred acres
properly seeded to vetch between Sep
tember Ist and December 20th, and fol
lowed, in the spring,by a sandwiching of
Johnson grass roots—you will be in pos
session, in two years, of a small or large
sized bonanza—accordiug to acreage
sown.
About the time one cuts the vetch, the
Johnson or Means grass will begin to
assert itself; cut this in the bloom, cure
as you would any grass, and you will
not have had it in your barn or in stacks
ere crab grass and other grasses will
come to the front and by September Ist
you will have your third crop.
With a sufficient number of acres set
to vetch and Johnson grass, it will, of
course, be wise to attempt no other crop.
Continue the free use of fertilizers—top
dressing all the while. A cultivator of
knives pressing at right angles, ora disc
harrow will keep tho land in first-class
condition.
As already intimated, spring plough
ing is fatal to vetch.
Don’set your laud ,to Johnson grass
unless you propose to wed it. Johnson
grass comes to stay.
I heard an anecdote the other day of a
gentleman who had carefully seeded
broad acres to vetch. His neighbor was,
at the same time, experimenting with
Johnson grass. What, between the birds
and the wind, neighbor “A” found his
field, the next season, dotted with John
son grass. The seed tufts waved in the
breeze at notable distances over the field,
but neighbor “A” knew with what steal
thy steadiness Johnson grass struggled
for the mastery, lie was, therefore, (so
it is alleged), somewhat annoyed and
apprehensive, and threatened ,a suit
against his neighbor for damages. He
took counsel of observation and two
years’ results proved the intruder to be
a possession of rare worth.
I am glad to note the increasing inter
est which our farmers are manifesting
in tho cultivation of the grasses.
I hope it will not be long before we
shall see the Farmers’ Institutes under
way in various sections of our beloved
commonwealth. Through that splendid
agency, in which the lip-to-ear plan
rules supremely and satisfactorily, the
best thoughts and the methods of obtaiu-
SOUTHERN ALLIANCE FARMER, ATLANTA, GA., NOVEMBER 29, 1889.
mg the best, results could bet given osr
farming people. The talk beiDg over,
each farmer could ply the “talker,” him
self a practical farmer, with questions
until the questioner had gone to the root
of the matter and would leave the insti
tute thoroughly informed; not only in
formed, but inspired to try the crops he
heard discussed.
Take this running talk of mine! Why,
I have left out a great many interesting
facts which, at a Farmers’ Institute,
would be developed by questions from
members.
I was glad to hear President Living
ston, in the admirable address' he gave
the Richmond County Alliance last Sat
urday, declare to his auditors that the
farmers generally needed to learn that
there was a tima to plant cotton seed as
well as a plan by which to plant. On the
time and the plan depend the size and
value of the crops.
Now, understand, this is a running
talk, not an essay.
Sunnyside Farm, Nov. 19, 1889.
GEORGIA FARMERS’ FORM lOO3L
A Legal Guide for Business Men—A
New and Useful Book.
Read what the following Alliance offi
cials say of it:
J. B. Silman:
Dear Sir —Having examined the plan
and contents of your “Georgia Farmers’
Form Book and Legal Guide,” I wish to
say that I am more than pleased with it,
and have no hesitancy in endorsing it. I
hope every farmer in Georgia will sub
scribe for it, thus educating himself to
the point, at least, where he can transact
His own business and avoid many law
suits and the expenses incident thereto.
Our people by all means should take
advantage of this opportunity to secure
at a trilling cost the information neces
sary to enable them to understand the
law's of the State relative to their pur
suits. L. F. Livingston,
Pres. Farmers’ State Alliance of Ga,
Mr. J. B. Silman:
I have examined the manuscript of the
“Georgia Farmers’ Form Book aud Legal
Guide for Business Men,” which you
propose to publish, and it affords me
pleasure to endorse it. Such a book has
been aud is now very much needed by
the fanners of the state. It will, in my
opinion, prevent useless litigation, £and
do much to prevent ill feeling between
neighbors, engendered by a misconcep
tion of their rights. The price at which
it is to bo offered will place it within the
reach of every one who desires to inform
himself of his legal rights |and
duties. Felix Corput,
Pres. Alliance Exchange of Ga.
Having examined the work alluded to
above, with Mr. Oorput, it affords me
pleasure to concur in the above opinion.
William A. Broughton, Treas."
State Alliance and Alliauce Ex. of GaT,"
J. B Silman :
Dear sir—Having afforded me arjiple
oppoituuity to examine the munusci'ipi
of “The Georgia Farmers’ Form Book,”
I am prepared to say that every feature
of your work merits my endorsement.
Its plan, scope and price must commend
it to all who desire to inform themselves
of the laws of the state relative to busi
ness. The legal forms contained in the
work are plain and simple, and the sug
gestions made will facilitate the adjust
ment of differences between neighbors
without an appeal to the course.
. R. L. Burks, See.
Farmers’ State Alliauce of Georgia.
Other testimonials could be furnished
if it were necessary. The book will be
printed in clear type, on good paper,
socurely bound, in cloth or half binding,
and will contain about four hundred
pages. Price, $2.50 per copy. Club rates
and terms to agents will be furnished par
ties wanting such information.
All orders for the book should be ad
dressed to J. B. Silman,
Jefferson, Ga.
President Eckstein Norton Delighted-
Manufacturer s Record.
President Eckstein Norton, of the
Louisville & Nashville, who is now
traveling in the south with Vice-Presi
dent M. H. Smith, has just been inter
viewed at Nashville by a reporter for the
American, and from what he is credited
with saying, he is delighted with the con
dition of the road|and with its successful
report for last year just issued:
“The earnings during the fourth week
in October were $569,570, or an increase
of $127,221 over the corresponding week
of last year. The increase for the entire
month over October, 1888, \«is $323,251.”
“Are the increased earning!? due to an
increase in any especial, line of busi
ness?” was asek.
“ No; they are due to a general increase
in all classes of business. The annual
report for the year ending June 30 last
showed that during the four years pre
vious to July 1 last, the rolling stock of
the road had boen increased about 41 per
cent., and by January 1 next increase in
rolling stock will have reached over 60
per cent.; yet wo are now’skort of cars.
We have received 20 newdocomotives
since July I—lo'consolidation and 10
switch engines—and have contracted for
20 more consolidation engines to be de
livered within the next few.'months. On
July I we had contracted for 1,250 cars
that had not been delivered, and have
since contracted for 650 more, all to bo
delivered by January 1, making a total
for the six months of 1,900 cars, 500 re
frigerator cars, 500 box and OOO.coal and
ore cars.”
You can get the organ oflyour border
for less than two conts a week.
THE OLD ARM-CHAIR.
I love it—l love it, who shall dare
To chide me loving that old arm-chair?
I've treasured it long as a sainted prize—
I’ve bedewed it with tears.'and embalmed it with
sighs;
Tis bound by a thousand bands to my heart;
Not a tile will break, not a link will start.
Will you learn the spell? a mother sat there;
And a sacred thing is that old arm-chair.
In childhood’s hour I lingered near
The hallowed seat ear;
And gentle words that mother wonld give.
To fit me to die, and teach me to live.
She told me shame;would betide^
With truth for my creed, andiGod for my guide;
She taught me to lisp my earliest prayer,
As I knelt beside that old arm-chair.
I sat and watched her many a day,
When her eyes grew dim and her locks were
gray,
And I almost whorshipped her when she smiled
And turned from her Bible to bless her child.
Years rolled on, bnt the last one sped—
My Idol was shattered—my earth star fled;
I learn’t how much the heart can bear,
When I saw her die in that old arm-chair.
’Tis past 1 ’tis past! but I gaze on it now
With quivering breath and throbbing brow;
’Twas there 6he nursed me—’twas there she
died,
And memory flows with lava tide.
Say it is folly. and deem me weak,
While the scalding tears run down ray cheek,
3ut I love it—l love it, and cannot tear
My soul from my mother’s old arm-chair.
—Eliza Cook.
Pits-
In many of the southern states plants
can be wintered safely and cheaply in
pits. A “cold pit,” as gardeners term
it, is a sort of small cellar in which
plants cau be placed for protection from
frost. Perhaps Henderson, in an article
on this subject, in his “Gardening for
Pleasure,” says that a properly construct
ed pit, in a dry and sheltered position,
with a covering of tight boards, can be
made to winter all the hardier green
house plants in loealities where the ther
mometer falls to zero. So many inqui
ries have come to mo about the proper
construction of such a pit that I will give
a few directions about making one.
The location chosen should be one that
is well drained. On no account must
water be allowed to collect and stand in
the bottom. That would be sure death
to most, if not all the plants placed in it.
The depth of the pit will have to be set
tled by the size of the plants to be placed
in it. A good depth for ordinary plants
is about three feet. The earth should be
excavated exactly as if you were making
a cellar. It is a little more expensive to
wall it up with brick than with plank,
but a brick-willed pit is good for a life
time, while plank will soon decay, so
that nothing is gained in the end by
making it of wood. If I were making a
pit for the best results, I would make
the wall double, that is, with two courses
of brick laid up independently, with the
space of an inch between the walls. This
air-chamber is very useful in keeping out
the cold. The back wall should be car
ried up about eighteen inches higher than
the front, and the front should be about
six inches above the surface of the soil
surrounding the pit. This gives a slope—
which should be towards the south—
which will carry off all water from tke
glass, and to receive the rays of the sun
most advantageously.
After building it, the back wall should
be banked up with soil; the sides, also, to
within a few inches of the top. An ordi
nary glazed sash is attached to the top,
at the back, with hinges. This should
fit snugly over the frame of the pit. In
mild weather this can be lifted to admit
air. Iu cold weather it will be necessary
to cover it with shutters of light boards,
as has been mentioned above, or with
straw matting or old carpet.
I Use it Myself.
Jno. E. Jones, Fort Valley, Ga., one
of the leading druggists there, states that
ho commends Dr. Biggers’ Huckleberry
Cordial because he uses it himself, and
knows of what value it is for bowel
troubles.
”&r* THE BEST LEVEL ON THE
—Market for Terracing—
ffl Simple, accurate and reliable. I
111 never saw anything to equal it, ex
n I 1 cept a theodolite that cost *35.
f 1 J. H. Covin,
[ I 1 Co Surveyor, Troup Co.
II \ I>rice with the target, #5. Orders
I I Ito have attention must be accompa
/ l \nied by the money. Send for circu
/ ■■» lars, or send money to
W. C. Holmes,2lE. Alabama’St. Atlanta, Ga.
PHILLIPS** 9 CREW
ATLANTA, QA,
JUST IN OUR NEW STORE, THE LARGEST IN
THE SOUTH I
E lectrlc Light,! 20,000 SQUARE FEET OF ROOM! Brimful of
The bargains we are offering neu> will interest you.
Easy payments to suit buyer’s con Yemen ce.
ESHM {
wniTt row ran c«m>a two catalosue/
If you are teaching music, send your name. W*
will make it to your interest. We can save you
money.
Pianos and Organs sent on trial if desired. We
guarantee everything.
The Universal
, ™*®f !aißB 6RAVITY LEVEL.
Lin 'T Is the Best and Cheapest
fj jn j| Terracing, Ditching, or Build*
JfJ “ I! ing Level on the market.
O . I THOUSANDS ENDOBSE IT. Cco
oc u I structedofßrassandlron.Cac’t
rs j_ I break. Can Terrace windy days.
£ j,. H lbs patent Target. Instruction
“ l ‘fain Terracing, Ditching Bottoms
T n ®gß» or Hillsides, etc., with each
• “■ //|\ Level purchased. More sold
r* *5 all; and better satisfaction given
5J 5 than all the Lovels in the
$ w market combined. Agent
y O I II wanted in every connty.
o /II Libreal Discount
5 / II to Clubs.
K / It SEND FOR CIRCULAR.
/ I 1 UNIVERSAL ORAVITV
ATLANTA. QA.
——TSE
■ Porter Iron Roofing and Corrugating CO.
MANUFACTURERS OF ALL KINDS OF
Roofing and Corrugated Iron.
specialties: standard, “v” cbimi*, boll add cap, standing seam.
101 and 103 WEST FRONT ST., CINCINNATI, OHIO.
Write for prices and testimonials, and mention this paper.
'• •i- - ;I 'B A ’ ‘i ■.-Vri’ffliipiSy
TECH! LTTIMIIP BOCK SALT
Mined by the RETSOF MINING CO., of PilTurU, New York, is the purest and best that lias ever been
offered for sale in this country . The Chemical Analysis made by Prof. Chas. F. Chandler shows the
salt to be 99 84-100 pure.
We can ship the salt in ass orted lumps of any size, in any quaniity, from a small barrel to a car
load. For prices and lurtlier information, address
FOSTER, BROWN & CO., Agents, 140 Broadway, N. Y.
Every farmer should have it as it lasts four times as long as pure salt, and isrnueh betterfor stock
as they can get it dissolved in small quantities, at any time they want it. Also we have the best
kinds of salt for curing meats, hides and freezing ice cream and m all purposes where a coarse salt
is needed. nov 29 lm
TIIE GEORGIA SEED C 0„ Macon, Ga, '
SUCCESSORS TO SOUTHERN SEED COMPANY.)
Whole and Retail Dealers in Farm and G-arden Seeds.
We are strictly in the peccl business and notliing else. We handle only the best. Can furnish
any quantity Boutli Georgia, Kye, Barley, Seed Wheat, Red Fust proof Beed Oats, California Kurr
Clover, Xew Crop Turnip Seed, Cabbage, Spinach, and all varieties Clover,Grasses, Onion Sets, etc.
We pay strict attention to freight rates. Write lor price list. We advertise no goods that we do
not keep in stock. 10 25d ly
George W. Scott Mfg„ Co,
ATLANTA, GA,
MAX UFACT ORES OF
GOSSYPIUM PHOSPHO,
Scot’s Animal Ammoniated Guano,
potasso 2=l=:^
ZEllgfl}. G-ra.d.e P s i^.DsTOlb.a»te-,
Our Fertilizers are Kept up to the High Standard on which they have won their L
great reputation, and are offered for the season of 1889 and 1890 at the lowest pos
sible prices for cash or on time for currency and cotton.
il i 4m. SIEHsTID FOB
-*DUNCAN* &4Ji,..
GROCERS.
Flour, Meat, Lard, Sugars, Coffees, Tobaccos, Cigars, etc., etc.
HAY, BRAN, OATS, CORN AND FEED STUFFS A SPECIALTY
-77 WHITEHALL AND 88 BROAD STREETS. Atlanta, Ga.
TFYAC SEWT BY MAIL POST - 01 or
Jordan & Smith,
COTTON FACTORS,
-A-TJCHTST.A., - - GEORGIA.
Our Salesman, Mr. W. M. JORDAN, has been engaged in the cotton business
since 1874, having 15 years experience.
References: Mr. Chas. G. Goodrich, Cashier Ga. R. R. Bank; Mr. H. H. Hick
man, President Graniteville Manufacturing Company.
We will store and hold cotton for Planters, advancing three-fourths the value of
the cotton and charge only seven (7) per cent, interest. novlStf
JOHN M. GREENE,
PRESIDENT OF THE
Atlanta Guano Co. of Atlanta, Ga.
Americus Guano Co. of Americus, Ga.
Walton Guano Co. of Social Circle, Ga.
Manufacturers of the following first-class brands of Amoniated Guanos and
void Phosphates:
Sddystone Soluble Guano, composed of blood and tankage, Acid Phosphate,
Potash, with a guaranteed analysis of: Available Phosphoric Acid, 11 per cent;
Ammonia, 2J; Potash, Is.
Atlanta Ammoniated Sunerphosphate, with guaranteed analysis of 11 per cent.
Available Photic Acid, 2} per cent. Ammonia and per cent, potash.
Rainbow Soluble Superphosphate. IS per cent. Available Phosphoric Acid, l per
cent. Ammopia, and 2 per cent. Petash. •
Atlanta Soluble Bone, guaranteed analysis 151 per cent. Available Phosphoric Acid.
Americus Guano, guaranteed analysis, Available Phosphoric Acid, 10 per cent.;
■ « Ammonia, 2J; Potash, IJ.
Walton Guano guaranteed analysis: Available Phosphoric Acid, 10 per cent.;
Ammonia, 2J; Potash, H.
Orders for any of our brands may be sent to either of the factories, or to my
iddress here.
We challenge comparison with our goods in field or laboratory.
ctohelt green,
ATLANTA, GA. President. -