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rVTERNAL IMPftOVEMEN r REPORT, j
MR- POWELL, of Talbot, Chairman of
the Joint Standing Committee on Internal
Improvements, begs leave to make the fol
lowing Report .*
That the subject of Internal Improvements,
wliioU has been regarded by your Committee
as a topic of paramount importance in its re
lations to the future condition and welfare of
the State of Georgia, lias received their most
devoted attention, and they take leave re
spectfully to submit, in a compendious man- j
ner, the results of their investigations m re
ference thereto. !
No country in the world, probably, has|
evinced a more generous spirit of enterprise,:
in reference to internal improvements, than ;
the United States, nor have the fruits of their
efforts in this way been less abundant and
beneficial than those of any other nation.—
The inducements presented for embarking
in works of this nature, in correspondence,
with the widely extended territory of the
United States, and with the liberal spirit of
their laws and institutions, operate far more
powerfully in eliciting the energies of our en
lightened communities than those of any other
country. Examples of this character are af
forded by New York, Ohio. Pennsylvania,
Virginia, Maryland and Massachusetts,which
have conjointly invested more than filtv mill
ions of dollars in works of internal improve
ment. The infant States of Indiana and Illi
nois have already ventured upon a risk ofi
nearly twenty millions of dollars in the same
general cause; and South Carolina, North
Carolina, Tennessee and Kentucky stand
ready to risk, in a sipg’e adventure of a simi
lar character, viz : the Charleston and Cin
cinnati railroad, on the establ aliment of its
practicability on favorable terms, an amount
of twenty millions of dollars, in addition to the
several amounts before enumerated. To
these we may also add the amount for which
the State of New York now stands pledged,
in furtherance of their system of internal im
provement, viz; filteen millions of dollars, and
we have, for the agrregate amount already
applied.or intended to beapplied in the grand
cause of internal improvement, more than one
hundred millions of dollars, all ol which has
been awarded to objects of this nature within
the last twenty years, and that too during a
period in which the United States have ac
tually liquidated a national debt of more lhan
one hundred and thirty millions of dollars.
In casting about us for objects of sufficient
importance to call forth so much enterprise, so
much capital, and so much public patronage,
we discover the main spring or source from
which llie whole have emanated, is either a
monopoly of, or a participation in die trade
of the far west. This was the main consi
deration that stimulated the magnanimous
Clinton and his worthy coadjutors in calling
into existance the Erie canal, through which
• and the northern lakes the commerce alluded
to would find a channel.
The same object induced the projects of
the Chesapeake and Ohio canal ; the Balti
more and Onio railroad ; the Baltimore and
Susquehannah railroad, and the canals and
railroads of Pennsylvania, which last have
already occasioned, to the state last mention
ed, an oatlay of twent v-four millions of dollars.
Virginia has also been striving for the at
tainment of this object, at the expense of a
vast amount of capital, for more lhan twenty
years. South Carolina has very recenly made
a most noble effort lor the attainment ol the
same objects, while Georgia, in the mean
time, till within the period of a single year
only, has stood with folded arms, gazing with
indifference at the stupendous projects that
were multiplying around her, portentously
threatening to exclude her from all participa
tion in the invaluable dowry for which her
sistet* States were magnanimously contending.
For the indifference of Georgia, to which
your Committee have ventured to allude, an
adequate apology is to be found in the cir
cumstance, that an impassable barrier has
hitherto existed of a character to prevent a
competition, on her part, lor the prize so ea
geriy sought for hy the other States. ’l'his
country, lor nearly one hundred miles in
width, within her limits, and stretching
through the whole extent of the northern
boundary, has, till recently, been owned and
occupied by the Indians of the Cherokee na
tion. This apology however can no longer
be urged in her favor, in as much as the en
tire removal of the Indians is to be effected in
May next, and the Cherokee country will
then be entirely subject to her jurisdiction,
without an incumbrance. The Legislature,
in their wisdom, have already authorised the
survey and location of a railroad through this
entire district (the Cherokee country.) The
survey has been made and the route found
practicable for a railroad under the most fa
vorable circumstances.
On a comparison of the facilities enjoyed by
Georgia, as developed by the surveys just al
luded to, with those of other States for parti
cipating in the trade of the “ West,” your
committee take occasion to submit the follow
ing summary statements, in which the rela
tive distances merely, between different ports
on the Atlantic coast and the nearest points of
navigation on the Mississippi River, will be
considered.
From Philadelphia to Pittsburg by canals
and railroads, and tlience hy me Ohio River
to its uiouth, is 1,300 miles; from Baltimore
to Washington, and thence by the Ohio River
to its moutn, is 1,200 miles; from Waslmig
ion to Pittsburg, by canals and railroads, and
thence to the mouth ol the Ohio River, is 1,300
miles; from Richmond, Virginia, by the con
templated James River and Renhaway canal,
and thence to the uiouth ol me Onio, exceeds
1,000 miles ; Irom Cnarlestoii, Soutu Caroli
na, to Augusta, by the Hamburg railroad,
and thence bv Georgia rainoad, me Western
and Adantic railmad to the Tennessee River,
and inence to the mouth of the Ohio, 835
miles ; from Savannah, by the Central rail
road, extended by the Western and Atlantic
railroad t Tennessee River, to the month of
the Ohio River, 880 miles.
Agreeable to the foregoing statements, it
appears that the routes leading through
Georgia, from the Atlantic Ocean, to the
‘Mississippi River, are shorter by 240 miles
tnan e.tlier of t.be routes above enume
ue I ; the same routes are also shorter by
about the same ditference than the route bv
the Mississippi River, from its mouth to the
mouth of the Ohio. In addition to the great
red net on in the length of the routes through
Georgia, as above noticed, neither of them
have any mountains to travetse, or other ir
regularities that cannot be easily surmounted
bv deviation from a dead level, not exceeding
r.-i -ty feet in a mile, according to the report
of t'ie chief Engineer, while the routes refer- 1
-t. I to for comparison, those westward of the
- :> c’ivjl, are conducted across the entire
- goof the Alleghany Mountains, and are
.ousiy incommoded bv abrupt ascents and
: cents, varying from 60 to 460 feet per mile
on many portions of each route. In view of
the geographical features of Georgia, your
Committee have been forcibly struck with the i
peculiar adaptation of its surt’ace in subservi j
rnev to the purposes of Internal Improve-!
meat, and especially to the formation of the
great thoroughfare to which your Committee
already alluded, viz : the railroad com
•tjuaicalions from the Atlantic ports to the
Tennessee River. Indeed it is a well ascer
tained fact, that there is not n hill or ridge of!
anv con -idem hie magnitude in the whole dis-;
tanee. calculated to oppose a formidable ob
struction or se nous difficulty. And from all j
the information which your Committee have j
been able to gather from the reports made in ;
relrtion to the various routes for railroad j
trmaportati r, tfre friends of Internal Im
provement in Georgia have much to cheer,
them in their onward course ; anil from the;
o ghtened views of our statesmen, and libe
ral policy of our Legislature, they may look
forward to the day when a system of com
munications with a main trunk, central to the
State, like the great artery of the human sys
tem, will give off - its different branches, open
ing new channels of commerce to stimulate
the enterprise and industry of our people, and
thereby add to their wealth and prosperity.
In their energies in reference to Internal
Improvement, your Committee have not lost
sight of that branch of it which relates to our
extension of the inland navigation of the
Slate. Under this head they advert with re
luctance to the numerous abortive attempts
that have been made, and the large sums
that have been expended in fruitless efforts to
improve the navigation of your rivers. This
your Committee must attribute in a great de
gree to a want of skill upon the part of those
who have undertaken the improvements of
our rivers, since no such failures occur in
other States where scientific engineers con
duct those works.
They hope, however, from the recent re
porls furnished them by the various commis
sioners, that much good has been effected by
the application of the funds appropriated by
the last Legislature for the purpose of re
moving obstructions in our navigable rivers.
Your Committee have to regret that their
multifarious duties imposed burthens upon
them calculated to preclude the opportunity
of investigating various subjects connected
with Internal Improvement.
The Report of the Geological Surveyor,
Dr. Cutting, sufficiently indicates the im
portance of that branch of Internal Improve
ment in the development of the mineral re
sources of Georgia, and to the importance of
which vour Committee would most respect
fully call the serious attention of the Legis
lature.
MR. CALHOUN’S RESOLUTIONS.
In Senate, Wednesday, January 3, 1838.
The second resolution being under consi
deration, and Mr. Morris having moved j
to strike out the words “ moral or reli
gious,” on which he asked the yeas and
nays:
Mr. Lumpkin rose and said,
Mr. President: It is with extreme reluc
tance that I approach the subject now under
consideration. That reluctance does not
arise from a disposition to shrink from the
discharge of the duties which devolve on me.
But the delicacy and difficulty which is at
tached to this subject, arises from the fact
that it is not a legitimate subject, for discus
sion in this Senate. By the constitutional
compact of. the Union, this subject, if discussed
at all most be left to the people and the
States where slavery exists.
In regard to the resolutions offered by
the gentleman from South Carolina, (Mr
Calhoun,) I consider it my duty to remark
that 1 have carefully and considerately exam
ined them, and am prepared to record my
vote in their favor as originally submitted.
Indeed, sir, I can hut regret that we could not
have a direct vote upon the resolutions in
their original form, as I consider all the a
mendments which have been suggested, ten
ding to mutilate and disfigure, and lessen
whatever of utility the proposed resolutions
embraced.
From the remarks which has fallen from
the gentleman from Delaware, (Mr. Bayard,)
in which he considers the doctrines of nullifi
cation, in some obscure form, embraced in
these resolutions, I feel myself called upon, at
this stage .of the discussion, to state, that my
friend (if I may so call him)from South Caro
lina, and myself, stood as antipodes in the
days of excitement upon this doctrine iu the
South. I was no nullifier, sir, but opposed it
with all my might and strength. I am still
disposed to cling to the Union widi that
emphatic sentiment in mv heart, a * oi my
lips: “The Federal Union toil be pre
served.” But, sir, lam greatly deceived if
there will be any division amongst my con
stituents in regard to the resolutions now
before the Senate. I believe that ninety
nine out of every hundred of the people of the
South will approve of the principles laid down
in these resolutions. Upon this subject, <ir,
the south is united, as the voice of one man.
We have to contend with a common enemy.
And, whatever may be our party names, we
are all State rights men. We go for a strict
construction of the Constitution of the United
States. We concede nothing to the Federal
Government by implication. We respect
the powers of the Federal Government iu its
whole constitutional range; but that range is
restricted and limited to its specified powers,
of war, peace, treaties, levying and collecting
taxes, regulating commerce, and the corres
ponding legislative, executive, and judicial
powers. This, sir, is the great outline, in
brief, of the Federal Constitution; and, sir,
this Constitution was brought into existence
by a spirit of amity, and that natural defer
ence and concession which the peculiarity o|
our situation as a people at the time demand
ed. If each State had then contended Ibr,
and rigidly adhered to, its own peculiar habits
and local prejudices and prepossessions, as
the basis of a Government for all the rest, this
Federal Union of states would never have
been brought into existence. But no such
surrender of opinion or power was required
of the States. The reserved rights of the
Slates secured to each the free and sovereign
right to manage its own domestic affair., in
its own way, rightfully liable to no : ol ta
tion or interruption from ihe rt t. The
resolutions of the gentleman from South
Carolina (Mr. Calhoun) having been brought
to the consideration of the Senate, I should be
highly gratified at seeing them receive the
sanction of this honorable body ; not that I
believe they would put an effectual check to
these deluded people, called fanatics, but it
might serve as a rallying point for the same.
If the wisdom of our friends, and the friends
of the Union, in the non-slaveholding States,
cannot devise the wavs and means to stay
the fury of these infuriated Abolitionists, we
of the slaveholding States can only rely upon
our own power within our own bounds.
Whenever we find any of these disturbers of
the peace within our jurisdiction, we must
execute our laws—punish them—and punish
them in the most exemplary manner. They
are our inveterate enemies; we ought to treat
them as such. With them we have no union;
with them we have no fellowship. As far as
their numbers go, they have already severed
the Union. We can no longer dwell together,
or worship at the same temple. What these
people have to say, write or publish; let them
take care to keep outside of the great gate;
that is, out of the limits of the slaveholding
States. But to our friends of the non-sin ve
holcling States who understand our rights,
and respect them, here and elsewhere, permit
me to say my confidence remains firm and
unshaken in them. Our bonds of union shall
not lie broken so long as they adhere, as they
now do, to a strict construction of our con
stitutional compact.
Mr. President, I have already said more
than I had intended upon this occasion, and
sincerely hope that the further discussion of
this subject may not again make't my duty
to trespass further upon the time of the
Senate.
SUB TREASURY BII.U;
We give the substance of a bill as intro
duce i in the Senate.
1. Fire proof vaults are to be prepared in
the treasury building, for the keeping ot the
public mon vs, under the immediate control
of the Treasurer of the United States.
•2. The U. S. Mint at Philadelphia, and the
Branch Mint at New Orleans, are to lv pla
ces ot deposit and safe keeping of the public
moneys. The treasurers of the mint and
branch, are to have the cust wty and care of
the public moneys collected at those points,
and to disburse or transfer the same.
3. Vat Its are to be prepared at New York,
Boston, Charleston and St. Louis, for the
keeping of the public moneys.
4 Four Receivers General, are to be ap
pointed bv the President, with the advice and
consent of the Senate, for four years, to be lo
cated at Boston, New York, Charleston and
St. Louis, who are to have the care and
keeping of the public moneys collected at
those points and to disburse and transfer the
same.
5. The treasurer of the United States, the
treasurers of the mint and branches, all col
lectors of the customs, receivers general, re
ceivers of public moneys at the Land offices,
and all post masters, are to keepsafelv, with
out loaning or using, the public money' collect
ed by them, until the same is ordered to be
transferred or paid out bv the proper author
ity.
6. The treasurer of the U. States, the trea
surers of the mint and branch at N. Orleans,
and the receivers general, to give bonds to be
renewed or increased to meet additional re
sponsibility.
7. In certain cases, the money collected by
the treasurers of the mint and branch at N.
Orleans, and the four receivers general, to be
specially deposited in such banks as the secre
tary of the treasury may select. The hanks
not to make use of money so deposited, but to
receive a commission for the trouble and risk
of keeping the public money.
8. Special agents to be appointed by the
Secretary of the Treasury to examine the
books, accounts, and money on hand, of the
several depositories.
9 Officers charged with the safe keeping
of the public money, guilty of a high misde
meanor Tor converting to their own use the
public, money, See., and punished with fine
and imprisonments
10. Whenever the amount of money in the
trensur of the United States shall exceed
$4,000,000, the surplus to be invested in some
safe and profitable stock.
11. After the 31st of December, 1838, onc
sixtli part of the duties, taxes, sides of pub
lic lands, and debts due to the United Slates,
is to be collected in the legal currency of the
U. States; after the year 1839, one other
sixth part is to be collected ; after 1840, one
other sixth part; after 1841, one other sixth
part; after 1842, one other sixth part ; after
1843, the other sixth part is to he so collected ;
and after this last period, all debts due the U.
States and postages, are to be collected in
gold or silver only, or in such notes as may
have been issued under the authority of the
U. States.
12. After 1843, the disbursements on ac
count of the U. States, or of the General Post
Office, are to he made in gold or silver only,
or in such notes as may have been issued un
der the authority of the U. States.
13. Payment may be made in advance for
public land*, and the receipt given for such
payment, to he current at the several land
offices of the U. States.
THE NE XT CONGRESS.
We this morning publish a communica
tion from A Subscriber, introducing the names
of certain gentlemen to the consideration of
the Democratic Convention to be held in May
next. At the same time, we publish a ticket
from the Columbus Sentinel and Herald of
the 11th inst. which contains the names of
Messrs. McAllister, Baxter, Day, Cone, Nel
son and Powell, premising that the ticket from
the Columbus paper appeared therein, before
we feel authorised to state that five of the
present delegation decline a re-nomination.
While we comply with ihe wishes of our cor
respondent, wc are at liberty to announce,
that Mr. McAllister cannot under any cir
cumstances consent to a nomination.
Cnpt.R. W Pooler, will, we are confident,
ti ii is portion of the State, and
we pret , • , from ,; ns talents and indepen
dence, eminently qualifying him for such a
;station, will receive due consideration from
I the me; . >. sos he contemplated convention.
Georgian, 2 '3d inst.
STEAMBOATS.
| In . Senate of ihe U. States, December
jfi, L ■ Mr. Grundy introduced a bill provi
! ding for the better security of the lives of pas
sengers on board of steamboats. This bii 1 ;
j was eferred to a select committee, consisting j
lof Messrs. Grundy, Wall, Clayton. Benton.,
| Calhoun, Webster and “Walker, who reported
!on the Cth of January, 1838, the same hill
with some amendments. The provisions ol
the bill, are in suhs'stane as follows :
After the Ist of October, 1839, owners of
steamboats are to take out. anew license, and
make anew enrolment of the same. No
j steamboat to carry passengers, wares and
merchandise, alter Ist October, 1838, without
| having irt obtained a license, and complied
with the conditions of this act. For every
| violation the owner of the steamboat to forfeit
SSOO.
The district judge of the United States.
; within whose district any ports of entry or
j delivery may be, is to appoint one or more
; persons, qualified for the purpose, to make
i inspection of steamboats, their boilers and ma
le hi ner v„ The inspectors to give certificates.
Inspection of steamboats to be made at least
once in twelve months, and the examination
of the slrt ngth f the boilers at !ast once in
six months. Provisions ?re made in the bill
in regard to navigating he boats, and provi
tiingfor long boats or yawls. Steamboats
running at night to have two lights. The
bill makes it manslaughter for any captain,
owner, or engineer of any steamboat, bv
whose negligence lives may have been de
st toyed.— Constitutionalist.
Pleasure oj Publishing Papers. —ln an ar
ticle on the stern necessity, and that unkind
inattention of subscribers and advertisers,
which compel the publishers of papers to dun
their patrons, the editor of ihe Wheeling
Times very justly and feelingly makes these
remarks: “ There is a mania for publishing
newspapers in this world of ours, that is mere
fital than trie small pox, the cholera, or the
yellow lever. Ninety in a hundred meet
their destruction in it; yet as fast as one dies
another takes his place, gets innoculated with
the writing fever, thinks of gold and glory,
turns newspaper publisher, drags on a worth
less life, half fed, half clothed, toils day and
night,heart-sick and weary; the public slave,
yet wielding an engine which properly
restricted, would move the world, or make its
inhabitants tremble.
The press cannot be free or useful while it
is trammelled with poverty and dogged with
duns. So situated, it will, it must hie, at the
hack of every whipper-snapper who has
money enough to keep the printer’s soul and
body together.—This state of things will not
do. We move that the printers of the United
States divide off in halves and “jeffi” to see
whiefi shall go to digging ditches and picking
stone-coal for a living. It would improve
the situation of both halves mightily. We
look upon every new paper that is started,
very much as we do upon every new murder
that is committed. We think, there is anoth
er man lost to every thing useful. lost to him
self. last to the world, and doomed to a purga
tory from which salt cannot save him. W 7 e
think that the last days of that man “ T ill he
than the fi st!—but all must liv-p and
learn. We have become a little hardened to
the business, hut if we had life to go over
again, we rather adopt the trade of fishing
for minnows with a pin hook than that of pub
lishing a papr in the United States.”
Sentiment . —A wagon passing along had
nearly run over a servant girl, when the dri
ver called out, “ Take care Sally?” The
girl, however, without attempting to escape
the danger, looked up to the coachman with
an air of offended pride, and said, “ It is’nf
Sallv nr anv common stuff—its Amelia Ann.”
SENTINEL & HERALD.
coEumbusTfedruahy i, 1933.
- - “ ‘ ■ - I
P. H. F. Brittan is our authorized agent j
for the collection of such accounts ol this of- 1
fice as may be placed in his hands, and also
to receive subscriptions, &c.
Dec. 10, 1837.
The following persons have kindly con
sented to act as Agents for the Sentinel and
Herald:
Col. C. Parker, Collodensville, Monroe Cos.
Peter Coke, Esq. Eden, Effingham Cos.
Rev. Reuben K. Brown, Perry P. O. Hous
ton Cos.
Thos. H. Key, Esq. Drayton, Dootv Cos.
Col. Thos. J. Holmes, Byron, Baker Cos.
Stephen D. Crane, Esq. Dablonega, Lump
kin Cos.
Col. John Dill, Fort Gaines, Go.
John C. Mangham, Greenville, Ga.
E. J. Wood & Cos. St. Joseph, Flor.
Nourse, Brooks St Cos. Apalachicola.
THE CHEROKEE INDIANS.
On the 2Sth of December, Mr. Poinsett
addressed a letter to Governor Gilmer, in
which he stated that all hopes were at an end*
for the present, of conciliating the Cherokee
Delegation, then at Washington City, and of
prevailing on them to give their aid and influ
ence in quietly removing the nation of Che
rokees. The Governor is assured by the
Secretary at War, that the border settlers
will at once be protected by the Government;
and that he deems the interference of State
authorities, for the military defence of that
region ol country, quite unnecessary ; he also
requests such persons as are living on the
frontier, not to desert their farms and busi
ness, but to stay at home and rest in security.
With all due deference to the opinions of the
Secretary, we would move the people to the
protection of themselves, in all cases where
there is the least probability of molestation
from the Indians. We were eye-witnesses
to enough, during the late Creek war, to con
vince our minds that Government movements
are too tardy to suit the convenience and
protection of citizens when the savage is on
the qui vive ; besides, every man fights best
in defence of his oxen fireside and home.
The Delegation held a correspondence
with Mr. Poinsett, in which they proposed to
open a negotiation with the United States
Government, upon matters of common inte
rest to both parties, upon the ground, that
the treaty of December, 1835, should not be
considered binding upon either party. Mr.
Poinsett answered, that the President regard
ed the treaty of December, 1835, as the law
ol the land, and that therefore no negotiation
could be opened on the basis proposed, and
that the Cherokees would be expected to
remove at the time stipulated in that treaty.
The reply of Mr. P. also censures the Dele
gation for holding out false hopes to their
people.
It is quite evident, from the nature and
spirit of this correspondence, that Ihe Chero
kees will not be emigrated without much
trouble, and in all likelihood the scenes of
Creek war memory will all be acted over
again. The Secretary at War may, and
doubtless will, take prompt and energetic
steps to guard our frontier, by ordering U.
S. troops forthwith to the spot; but inde
pendent of this, in expectancy, the people of
Georgia must look out for themselves, and
especially those who reside in the Cherokee
country.
The following order is in good time, and to
all intents and purposes correct. We hope to
see it promptly met:
HEAD QUARTERS, >
Millpdgeville, Jan. 20, 1838. (
The Commander-in-Chief has received a
cal! from Col. Lindsay, for a Company of
Infantry, to he stationed in Paulding county.
Its organization will conform to the directions
contained in the order of the 12th inst. Vo
lunteer companies are again invited to enter
the service lor the defence of the Cherokee
country. By order of the Commander-in-
Chief. M. GRIEVE, Aid-de-Camp.
But while we accord to Gov. Gilmer his
full s'.iarc of credit for the promptitude with
whicli he seems disposed to act in relation to
the Cherokee country, we cannot but look
back to the violent opposition, and the bitter
persecution arrayed against Gov. Schley, in
view of a similar movement. Under the
reign of Gov. S. it was not only totally unne
cessary, and uncalled for, but running the i
State to an enormous expense, to station
! troops in the up-country for the protection of
its citizens and the safety of their property;
and besides, it was a cunning move on the
political chess-board, and ought to be dis
countenanced in the game! What say you,
‘ brother chips”—ye whose pens were made
to move with extra speed in the warfare
against Schley for the posting a military
force in the Cherokee country? Where the
necessity now, greater than then? And if
ti e policy of the late administration had been
cat red out with regard to Cherokee, would
not that country now be in a safer condition?
W e answer unhesitatingly, and without the
fear of contradiction, yes—and we put it to
all our brother editors who warred against
the predecessor of Gov. Gilmer, 1o say in
candor, whether they did not injustice to that
officer in view of this question. There can
be no doubt but that a necessity does really
exist for guarding the frontier, and what we
contend for is, that the same necessity has
existed for the last two years. The Consti
tutionalist speaks our sentiments:
“Two companies are ordered out hv the
Governor, according to the requisition of Col.
Lindsay, for the defence of the Cherokee
country. We would be pleased to hear from
those editors in Georgia, who were so clamor
ous against Gov. Schley, for the organization
of a military force in the Cherokee country,
what they have now to say about the remo
val of the Cherokee Indians in May next?
Will this removal be effected without trouble
and coercion ? Is not resistance apprehended?
And if, last year, a military force had been so
organized as to take the field at a moment's
warning, would resistance have been appre
hended ?
NEWS BY EXPRESS MAIL.
Our slips from New York are up to the
27th ultimo, hut contain no news of special
interest. The Canada war seems to be going
out like an expiring taper; there is a feeble
effort to keep up an excitement on the part
of the Royalists and Patriots both, but Gen
eral Scqtt vvilj not let them come together.
Much credit is due to our Government for
the prompt and decided siand taken in rela
tion to this disturbance-
The news from Liverpool is to the 17th ol
December, per packet ships England, and
I Garrick. The cotton trade was holding “ the
even tenor of its way,” with but little excite
ment prevailing in the Market:
The Canadian troubles were creating much
I sensation in England. The liberal party
seemed disposed to take part with the liberals
in Canada —a Ministerial paper holds very
strong language with regard to the unjust
i manner in which the Canadians are treating
j the mother country, Slc. No item of news
from France, save that another conspiracy
had been set on foot to take the life of Louis
Phillippc. A man by the name of Hubert
had obtained in England, from some skillful
mechanic, the plan of anew infernal machine 5
but no clue was had as to what time the at
tempt was to be made—it was supposed how
ever, at the opening of the Chambers. Who
would be a King surrounded by infernal ma
chines!
Spain still labors under the influence of a
Revolution.—Don Carlos has raised a force
of twenty hattnllions, well armed and equip
ped. The Queen will have to sound the toc
sin and rally her forces afresh.
Texas seems likely to maintain her inde
pendence unmolested : from private informa
tion we have every reason to beleive that she
will never again be invaded by the Mexicans,
From Wasington city, we have not a word*
several mails having failed recently. Cannot
say what Congress is doing—the last we
heard, the bullies of the House were “ kicking
up a row”—probably ere this they have mel
lowed down -rnd are gallanting the ladies.
Who knows ?
THE ST. JOSEPH TIMES.
Peter is attending the Legislative Council
at Tallahassee. How do you know? I have
just read his paper of the 17th ultimo, and he
is not to he found in the editorial columns.
Who fills his place ? JYobody.
Nota Bene. The good people of St. Jo
seph are informed that we have been mis
represented by a writer in their paper. We
have never puffed Apalachicola ; our columns
have been opened to both parties, and if the
Apalachicola boys have stood up to their own
interest a little more zealously than their
neighnors, it is no fault of ours; but still we
hold ourselves at liberty to puff who and
what we please,’ provided we are well paid
for our labor; but “ nia conscience,” such
paymasters as they are in Florida t—not
even a saucy oyster have we received this
season, and time has not permitted us to join
them in a sparkler. The Editor incog, must
correct his quotation of our editorial .expose,
or we will hold him accountable at “the
Shakspeare ,” when we visit St. Joseph. We
made no such declaration as that to which he
refers.
The articles alluding to ourselves in the
last Times, remind us strongly of a man who
wants badly to sneeze, hut “can’t come it.”
Pass him your snuff-box, Dr. Bartlett.
We announce, with feelings almost trium
phant, that our City Council have passed a
Resolution to issue City Bonds to the amount
of $750,000, on which to raise money for the
construction of a Rail Road from this city to
West Point, or above that place. They de
serve, and must receive, the hearty thanks of
the citizens generally. We should like to
present them with a banner, bearing this
inscription: “ Well done, good and faithful
servants.”
Agreeably to the presentments of the
Grand Jury, the City Council and [the Infe
rior Court have conferred, and the result has
been, they have agreed to raise $35,000, for
the purpose of building a Court House, City
and Masonic Hall, combined, to he located
on Court House square. The Inferior Court
have agreed to appropriate $15,000, and the
Council and Masonic fraternity will doubtless
furnish the balance. “Good, better, best.”
“ Fellow-citizens, we will hazard our all of
earthly expectations upon the assertion, that,
if no Rail Ruud be built leading to Columbus,
in two years from this day, an honest man
will not be able to make his salt here.”
“Thus speaks the Editor of the Georgia
Herald. He may well be alarmed; for the
trade and travel which lias hitherto contri
buted, in a great degree, in building a pleas
ant little city at the Falls of the Chattahoo
chee, is about to be diverted to another point
—and that point is Montgomery. It is now
plainly seen that our City possesses more na
tural advantages than any inland town in the
Southern country; and if the people in this
and the upper counties only press forward
with the Rail Road, our wealth and popula
tion will be doubled in less than five years.—
Let us lose no time in improving our re
sources. All is ours if we but will it—if we
but act .”
And “ all is ours if we but will it—if tee but
act. ’ It is apparent from the eagerness with
which the Editors of the Montgomery Ad
vertiser have caught up our “ assertion” in
regard to the importance of having a Rail
Road from our town to West Point and so on,
that it is a dead calculation with our neigh
bors on the Alabama River that by striking
West Point with their Rail Road, they will
be able to direct and command the trade now
coming to Columbus, anil build themselves up
on our downfall! Will the citizens of Co
lumbus submit to this? Does Montgomery
possess more natural advantages than any
inland town in the Southern country?”—
Shall the people of Montgomery, Macon, Au
gusta, and Savannah act and possess all? and
shall ice sit quietly down and behold the glory
departing from our dwelling, and commerce
flying from us like a frightened bird?
“ There is a tide in the affairs of men
\\ hich, taken at its flood, leads on to fortune."’
For the Sentinel and Herald.
SKETCHES, AD LIBITUM.
b\ horatio Waldo, esq.
“ can a y°ung lassie, what shall a young lassie,
W hat can a young lassm de> v/i> an auld man.”
Burns.
“ ■ c °usin, there has always been a
silent monitor at my breast, telling me, that in
you my fondest hopes would be crushed, and
that you would one day become the dupe of
your own rash wilfulness.”
M-V ear Augustus, wherefore this sud
den and unlooked for admonition, or rather, I
should say, lecture ?”
I bus abruptly began a conversation be
tween two distant cousins, Augustus and
ucille, as the former entered the parlor just
alter tea, where he discovered the latter |
rechning on the soia in a reflecting mood. i
“ Judge of my surprize,.yea, even- astonish
ment, to learn of your engagement,” conti
nued Augustus, “ and that tom. to an old ;
gentleman, one who has at least numbered
thrice the years which have crossed your J
path, and whom you could much more be
comingly address as father than as husband;,
ha! ha*! really I find my risible faculties
somewhat taxed on this occasion, maugre my
chagrin and mortification. What have you j
to say for yourself, my pretty coz? for after
all, you are rather too bewitching for a cousin:’ j
Lucille, rising with an air ol grace and [
dignity from her seat, and placing her hand
upon the shoulder of Augustus, looked him
full in the eye, and thus pertinently replied : ,
“In the days of youthful romance, my
cousin, when together we were wont to stray
over the green fields and rose-clad hills of our
fathers, plucking, as we went, each beautiful
flower that decked our pat!), anJ drinking in
the melody of birds; in those young days ol
the heart’s purest enjoyment. I did ol times
bethink me of the happiness in store lor us,
and mV heart did most exclusively associate
you with its highest hopes of bliss, its fondest
anticipations of the luture: I scarce know
how it was, or wherefore, that you should
thus early have become my beau ideal of all
this world’s bright and alluring objects, but
conclude that it may he set down to the run
ning account of a young and silly gill’s un
tutored affections, which is otherwise resol-
ved, bv novelists, into the very expressive
phrase of ‘ first love.’ But, my dear cousin,
you cannot be unmindful of 1 the change
which comes o’er the spirit of our dreams,’ j
as we pass from our infant years to those ofj
your.g womanhood ; the tales of the nursery !
are forgot; the whispers of love, from hearts j
in the purity of youth, untainted, unalloyed, !
untouched by passion, have died away; the
plaintive sighing of the muse reaches not the
soul to its generous movings ; and although
D’lsrcali, with his pencil of soft magic, in
sketching the bewitching picture of Henrietta
Temple, has demonstrated that there is no
true love save that which is felt on first sight,
yet a young lady, at the age of eighteen,
should, in my opinion, devote herself to ob
jects of a higher grade, mote solid and sub
stantial in their nature.”
“And p’-av,” said Augustus, “what oh- j
jects of higher interest can possibly be pro* i
sented to the imagination of a romantic girl,
like yourself, than the gratification of the
purest affections of her heart?”
“ True, my cousin, but then in selecting a
partner for life, one should have regard to
one’s after appearance and comfort: I mean,
Augustus, that a young girl should not sup
pose that she can always make love her
‘ meat and drink.’
“ Ah! my sweet cousin, I have forced you
to the point of confession at last; here’s food
for the lawyer; ‘ the confessions of the party
are the strongest possible proofs.” So then,
Lucille, you have caught the mania of the
day; silver makes the dim eye of age to lus
tre as in youth, and gold changes the whiten
ed locks into 1 lie most brilliant and da xxling ‘
auburn !”
This brief tete-a-tete between the youthful
cousins, will serve to make manifest the pur
port of this sketch. In the round of one’s
observations on society, in what numberless
instances is he met and astonished by the
commingling of opposite and uncongenial
qualities and elements, whose united condi
tion, to all human appearances, can never he
productive of real, unmixed happiness! And
in the interesting and sacred ceremony of
giving away “the young heart with all its
a fleet ions,” there is not unfrequently an air of
recklessness on the part of the fair donor,
which makes the world stand aghast. If,
according to the old aphorism, “ matches are
made in heaven,” why then, “let all the earth
be silent;” but it, in good keeping with my
doctrine, they are the negotiations of free
agents upon earth, then there would seem to
be a fitness in matching, ns well as pairing.
What, in the name of Cupid, can a “sweet
sixteen” promise to herself, in being joined to
an old “ seventy-six ?” Hear what the Scot
tish bard says of the “old churl.”
“ He hums and he hankers, he frets and he cankers.
I never can please him, do a’ that I can ;
He’s peevish and jealous of a’ the young fellows :
O, dool on the day I met wi” an auld man !”
It may be admitted that there was a pru
dential, if not a commendable, philosophy, in
tiic course pursued by Lucille, in the selection
of a husband; but who will doubt, had she
cherished those line feelings which sprang up
in her youthful bosom towards Augustus,
while they meandered the green paths of life I
together, and have united her fate to his, that :
her happiness would have been more com
plete, her love more perfect, and life sweeter;
and more desirable to her, even though she
might have spent her days in retirement and j
obscurity; hut the early beni of her mind j
had been changed by mercenary counsellors,
and the pure feelings of her heart had been j
corrupted by ambition and a desire for dis-1
play! She sacrificed her virgin heart, and
smothered its earliest and purest breathings,
at the glittering, but delusive shrine of For- j
tune.
From the N. Y. Courier and Enquirer.
LATER FROM EUROPE.
By the arrival this morning of the packet
ship Garrick, Capt. Palmer, from Liverpool,
we are in possession of London papers to the
16th, and Liverpool to the 17th ult.
The affairs of Canada were occupying
much of the public attention in England, and
papers contain various communications and
debates on the subject, with regard to the ap
pointment of Sir John Colbourne, as Gover
nor of Canada. We find the following in the
London papers of the 15th ult.: “In the
House of Commons on Wednesday Mr. Lea
der begged to ask the noble lord the Secreta
ry for the Home Department, a question re-
lating to Canada. He begged to know
whether Lord Gosford was coming home, and
whether he had resigned or had been recalled,
and whether any successor had been appoint
ed, and who he was? Lord John Russell:
Lord Gosford had for some time requested
leave to resign, and an order had been sent
out from the government stating that he might
be sent home. The government of that colo
ny consequently devolved upon Sir John 1
Colbourne, and no successor had as yet been
appointed. Mr. Leader begged to ask
whether anv proclamation had been issued I
against public meetings in Lower Canada ?
Lord John Russell: There have been procla
mations regarding infringements of the law
generally, but not against public meetings j
specifically.”
The London money market presented no i
material change. Consols 93 7-8 for accounts I
93 5-4 cash. No later advices from the L’.
S. had been received in England. j
London, December W.
Col. Arthur has been Knighted and ob
tained the local rank of Major General ill
Canada.
Sir George Arthur leaves town shortly lor
his Government in Upper Canada.
The King of Hanover has named Baron
Munchausen to be his minister at the Court
of our gracious Queen.
RUSSIA AND CIRCASSIA.
A correspondent of the Morning Chronicler#.
! under date of Constantinople, Nov. 15, states
! that a letter had been received from Mr.
Longworth, in Circassia, giving a most dw
i plorahle account ot the Russian iorces in that
i country. The diminished army oi the north
j was fast retreating across the Koirhan,
followed by the Circassians; and the army of
1 the south was also hastening its preparations
j to re-embark, after having lost the greater
! part of its best officers,.and more than a
third of its men ; having; as flic side work of
the campaign, only succeeded- in building
small field redoubts on the coast, which, will
in all probability be again destroyed by the
Circassians during the winter. Mr. Long
wortli also adds, tfiat during the late boister
ous weather, as many as eight Russian-ves
sels, including men of war and transports,,
have been wrecked on the coast; and tl>a4
the fleet would, in a few days, return to Se- K
bastpol for the winter, having, as a proof oA
the efficacy of this famous blockade, only suc
cedeed in capturing one boat during the whole:
season, notwithstanding; ihe numbers, which*.
I mav say, almost weekly leave both hett anil
Trebizond for the Circassian shores*.
SPAIN.
Private letters from the Spanish frontiers
stale that Don Carlos lms succeeded in re
organizing a force of twenty battalions, all
well armed, equipped, and well supplied with
clothing, provisions and ammunition. This
force is composed entirely of Castilians, and is
destined for operations exclusively in the cen
tral provinces of Spain, and against Madrid.
The only want experienced ,is said to be of
| horses for his cavalry, to procure which his
agents are using the greatest exertions, at*
that description of troops in strength is inilfs
pensihle for action in the plains. This force
is independent of the Navarrese corps, tvlw>,
as is well known, have the strongest repug
nance to quit their mountain fastnesses and
cross the Ebro. Tire quarrels between his
Generals, it is added, will he arranged, as it
was considered oil all hands to be extraordi
nary that obedience to his authority was so
perfect among them that not one defection
had taken place, although several had been
i placed under arrest, or sent before court mar
i tinis lor trial. Altogether these letters express
11lie greatest astonishment that Dun Carlos
| should have succeeded in finding resources
j for re-organizing so formidable a force in so
| short a space of time, and after the great los
i ses of the last campaign,
j Advices from Bayonne, of the 2d instant,
state that Don Carlos was still at Amurrir,
on the 29tli, and that ihe greatest anxiety
continued to prevail in all the branches of
the Carlist War Department. Gen. Cordo
va was expected at Bayonne on the 3d.—
Gen. Espartero had kept up of late a very
active correspondence with Gen. Harispe —n
circumstance which greatly puzzled the furi
ous and politicians of Bayonne. The weather
having become fine, it was thought, that the
! Christians would shortly make a movement,
j Letters from Saragossa of the 20lh tilt, merr
i lion that Cabrera find .suffered a loss of CP®
i men in the affair of the Iffth.
j From the Private Correspondent of the Morning Hern’4
Veka, Dec. 7. —This morning I received
the following interesting information:
“ Royal Head Quarters, Amurtio, Dee. 4.
“After much deliberation, Don Carlos has
resolved not to accompany the first expedition
now about to advance into Castile. This re
soiuliou was ciurte let in consequence of the
representation of the principal chiefs, who de
clared that their march would he quicker, anil
their enterprises more daring when not ha
ving the fear o( compromising the person us
Don Carlos.
“ Don Carlos, it is supposed, will immedi
| atcly after the departure of the expedition*
I leave this lor Estella.
I “Jn consequence of Ids determination to
; remain in the provinces, Gen. Urango has re
j signed the captain-generalship, as well as the
I military command of the northern provinces,
i He returns to his old post attached to the
! royal person.
“Gen. Quergne will have the command of
| the whole army.
“ The Infante Don Scbastion continues
| with up.”
I can give you as positive, that Espartero
has given up ail thoughts of gettirg possession
of the line of Valcarios. His excuse is that
lie has not sufficient force to keep it; hut
such is his want of provisions and ir.onov,
that he has been compelled to make a despe
rate effort to secure a convoy which was to
have lett St. Jean Pied de Port yesterday.
For this purpose, on the 3d, Hs army having
been divided into two columns, marched out
ofPampeluna; that under the orders Ulibar
ri took the direction of the vail y of Uitoz,
intending to turn the Zuhiri line; the other,
n is said, commanded by Espartero in person
advanced on Larrassoanua. On the 4tfv
when close on Zuhiri, the Carlists, under or
ders of Gen. Garcia, made their appearance,
fell on the Crist inns, and compelled them to
retreat hack on Pnmpeluna, pursued to the
very gates o'"that fortress. The loss of the
Crislinos, in killed wounded and prisoners, is
serious.
[Per Garrick.]
LIVERPOOL. Dec. 16, 1537.
Our cotton market is in much the same
j state as ou the 7th iust. the date of our last
i respects. Fur a few days subsequently the
demand was more active, which gave the
holders some advantage in prices, but in the
last two days there has been a greater quan
tity offering, and though a fair extent of bu
siness has still been done, the full rates of the
early part of the week are not attainable in
ali instances, and the market, notwithstanding
the extremely low stock is raiher heavy at
! the prices of the 7th inst. The sales of the
j week ending Bth inst. were 29180 hales, and
I for the week ending last evening thev amoun
ted to 22,880 bales, of the latter 5570 were
j Upland at 7 a 8 3-4, and 30 at 9 1-4 ; 2290
Alabama and Mobile at 6 1-2 a 8 3-4 ; 120
Sea Island at 16 19 ; and 100 stained at 6 7-8
to 15< 1 per lb. The transactions in Upland
and Orleans above 8 1-2 are very inconsider
able, and small lots of the former of prime
quality have sold at 8 3-4; equal to any that
has yet arrived of the new crop. The im
port continues very light, and the stock of
Cotton in thts port is now reduced to about
145.000 bales against 224,000 at the same
period last year; the stock of American is esti
mated at 54,000 bales or 50,000 less than it
then was.
LIVERPOOL COTTON MARKET.
December, 16. 1837.
The transactions of the week have been in
some measure without excitement, and mod
! erate in extent, without change in prices, our
j quotations of to day being about the same as
at the close of last week. The Surats at
auction to-day went off at about the current
! prices; and and 707 hales offered, 310 were
■ sold at 4 3-8 to 5 3 Id. The sales to day arc
8009 bags of all kinds; and the market is, if
anv thing, languid. Speculators have taken
2000 bales of American and 200 Surat. The
import this week is 4,635 hags, and the sales
22 880 hags, among which are:—l2o Sea
Island, 16d a 19d ; 100 Stained do. 16 1-Sd a
15d ; 5570 Upland, 7d a 9J ; 7270 New Or
leans, 7d a 6 1 -4-1 ; 2290 Alabama. &c. 6 l-2d
a 8 3-4d ; 1160 Pernambuco, 9 l-2d a 10 3-4;
840 Rahia and Macalo, 8d 9 1-Id ; 1600 Ma
ranham. Sd a lOd.