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£it nts jattXr %znt\mL COLUMBUS, GEORGIA. ~ WEDNESDAY MORNING, DEC, 12. City Election. At the municipal election held on Saturday last, Bth lost., the following gentlemen were chosen city officers for the ‘ensuing year: Mayor.-—F. G. Wilkins. Marshal. — fV T m. MahafFey. Deputy Marshal.—ll. P. Robinson. City Treasurer.—lsaac Mitchell. Clerk of Couucil.—Calvin Stratton. Sexton.—Thomas Nix. Aldermen Ist Ward —Jere. Slade, “ “ W. Y. Barden. - 2d “ H.T. Hall, ** “ Wm. F. Plane. “ 3d “ J. W. Pease, “ “ Foster Chapman. ** 4th ** James Hughes, - 44 R. H. Harris. ” sth “ D. B. Thompson, 44 44 Joseph J. Jones. 44 6th “ J. E. Mershon, 44 “ John Hunley. Abstract of the Itemurks made by liill of liar n, in support of bis amendment to extend tbe provisions of the bill to give State Aid to the Brunswick & Florida Railroad, to the Co lumbus and Hamilton Railroad. Columbus is the natural market of Western Geor gia. By the construction of the Columbus and HaraiK ton Road, Cherokee would be placed in direct commu nication with the South-western purt of Georgia, and South-eastern Alabama—a section of country remark able for the production of cotton, but deficient in the sup plies of which Cherokee has a surplus. It is now necessary to ship supplies round by Macon, over the Muscogee Road, or else through Alabama, over the Montgomery & West Point Railroad. There is also a Road now in construction from Columbus to Mobile, which has already opened up a country of remarkable resources, with whioh this Road would bring Northern Georgia in connection, and thereby add not only to the wealth of the State, but baild up upon our western borders a grocery market superior to any in the State. The section of oountry through whioh the Colum bus and Hamilton Road passes, is unsurpassed in many respects by any other portion of the State. The soil is remarkably fertile, and the natural scenery, without being grand, is picturesque and beautiful. It is inter sected by the Piue Mountain—an elevated Ridge which rises several hundred feet above the surrounding coun try, and runs in a North-western direction from the Flint to the Chattahooohee Rivers, and is the natural summer resort of the inhabitants of the immense tract of low, level, and unhealthy plain which stretohci from its base to the Gulf of Mexioo. This mountain abounds in mineral waters of every quality and of remarkable curative properties. Tbe most celebrated of these Springs are the White Sulphur, the Warm and tbe Chalybeate. They are in the bands of enterprising citizens and are now the resort of hundreds of visitors every summer. With Railroad facilities to get to them, it is impossible to estimate their value to the people of Georgia. It is the opinion of gentlemen familiar with the most celebrated watering places in the world, that none of them are superior to those of Merriwether county. But while the Pine Mountain adds so muoh to the beauty and healthfulness of the country it intersects, it oflers an iusuperabfo obstacle to the oornpletiou of the Columbus and Hamilton Railroad by private enterprise. If the policy of granting State aid to Railroads is adop ted ; ke himself was opposed to it; but if it was adop ted, the section of country whioh he in part had the honor to represent, presented as strong claims as any other in the State. Middle and Western Georgia had borne the burthen of taxation which was imposed to de velops the resources of other sections of the State, but had never received, and up to this time, had never ask* ed one dollar to build her own liues of railways j uor would she ask for it now, if Providence had not inter posed a rocky barrier in the way of one of her most important routes. The people of Western Georgia are competent to build the Road to the foot of the Moun tain—all that they ask is for State aid to out through this obstacle. The Address oi’ Professor Jfnrtin. On Saturday afternoon, the Bth inst., Professor Martin, of the Lunatic College, Griffin, Ga., addressed a meeting, composed of Executive officers, members of the Logisla* ture, and others, who still fill the lobbies of the Legisla ture, upon the subject of Agricuitural Education. His ad dress was listened to with patient attention, and was receiv ed with favor by his audience. He holds that existing edu cational establishments do not meet the wants of the age; that they are not competent to instruct the youth of Geor gia in the great pursuit of agriculture, in which most of them will be engaged, aud cannot be reformed so as to meet this pressiug want of the age. He therefore proposes to establish, with State aid, an Agricultural College, the ob jeet of which will be to train our youth up in a scientific practical knowledge of agriculture, while at the same time ample instruction will be given in the usual studies pursued in Literary establishments. The zeal of Professor Martin is worthy of ail praise, and hia design is a most noble one ; but whether it is better to add to the Terrell foundation, or raise up another opposiug instituiion, we are not so dear. We decidedly incline to the opinion, that the best interests of the State will be pro moted by concentrating all our separate establishments at Athens, and thus make Frankliu College what it was de signed to be—the University of Georgia. The Govetuox’s JL.evec. On Thursday last, 6th iust., the Governor opened the doors ot the Executive Mansion to the great world. The spacious Halls were crowded with tbe intellect, beauty aud fashion of the State. It was a delightful ro-uuiou. Masic and dance lent their charm to the oc casion. The honors of the parlor were done with accustomed grace by his Excellency aud his accomplished lady aud daughter. It would gratify your correspondent to point out acme of the most lovely ot the daughters of Geor gia who graced the assembly, out were he to do this, your would not hold ‘‘the things that ought to be written.** The Mtvunuah Journal. The Savannah I>ai!y Journal has put * n anew and hands me dress, is sightly enlarged, and has modified its uauie, all iuuicawug mat our ooutempmary is pross pering finely. Editorial Change. The Georgia Telegraph has passed into the hands of Joseph Clisby. P. Traoy, Esq., tho retiring Editor, takes leave of his friends in a bold and manly valedio tory, and in doing ao, doubtless carries with him their warmest wishes for his success and happiness. Few young men in our State have been more efficient in their labors for the success of Demooratio measures and the rights of tho South. We extend to him a hearty God speed in bis retirement, and confidently aDtioipate for him that high professional and publio position which his ability and courage so eminently foreshadow. From Washington- Washington, Dec. 7. In the Senate, Mr. Weller gave notioe that ho would introduce a bill providing for the construction of a rail way and telegraph to the Pacific. In the House, six ballots were had for Speaker. Af ter the second ballot, Campbell withdrew. On the last ballot, Richardson received 73, Banks 49, Fuller 28, Pennington 17. There is no prospeot of an election unless the Northern and Southern Americans unite. Washington, Dec. 8. Proceedings in the Senate to-day were unimportant. In the House there were six ballots for Speaker.— The lest stood as follows : Richardson 73 ; Banks 100 j Fuller 30. A meeting of the Anti-Nebraska members is to bo held to-night to consult on measures to guide their eourse during the election Monday. Robbery in Washington. Washington, Deo. 2. — The new Secretary of the Rus. sian Legation was robbed yesterday of SI,BOO in Holland ducats. Private Secretary to the Governor. —The Mobile Register says: “John D. Catlin, Jr., Esq., of Wilcox county, has been appointed to the post of Private Score tary to bis Excellency, Gov. Winston. It is a merited compliment. ’’ The Mississippi closed at St. Paul. —At St. Paul, Minnesota, the Mississippi was considered dosed on the 22d of November, the mercury having fallen 10 degrees above zero. O” The deficit in tho Post Office Department for the present year will be about two millions and a half of dollars, or some three quarters of a million more than last year. There has been added during the year some 3,700 miles of Road service to the operations of the Department. Judge of the Supreme Court. —Ex-Chancellor A. J. Walker, ofTafiadega, was yesterday elected, by the Legislature, to the Supreme Court Bench, to fill the vacancy occasioned by the resignation of the Hon. W. P. Chilton. lie bad no opposition. This selection will give almost, if not entire, satisfaction. His qualifica tions as a lawyer are undisputed and indisputable ; and as a gentleman, in all the relations of life, he is es teemed by all who know him. — Advertiser cj- Gazette , Bth inst. Georgia is nearly ohequered by Railroads, and yet she Btands before the world with a debt of only two millions six hundred and forty-four thousand, two hun dred and twenty-two dollars against her on the balance sheet. No other State in the Union oau point to the sams amount of works of internal improvement, and at the same time show so small an indebtedness. Mobile Ohio Railroad. —We learn from tbe Mo* bile Register, of the 30th ult., says tho Columbus (Miss.) Eagle, that the oars would run to the Lauder dale Springs on the sth inst., 153 miles from Mobile.— These Springs are about 40 miles below Maeou, and the latter place is 30 miles below Columbus ; bo it will be seen, that over two-thirds of the distance between our city and Mobile has been overcome, and it only remaius to finish the other third, to place us in connec tion by Railroad with the seaboard. Help for Kansas. The Rome Southerner publishes, in its last issue, a communication from Capt. Charles A. Hamilton, of Adairsville, Ga., aud well known throughout tho State as a man of enterprise and high moral worth, on the sub ject of colonizing Kansas with emigrants from the South. Under auy circumstances interesting, it becomes doubly so at tbe present time, when the friouda of the South, Bettled in the Territory, are so loudly calling for aid. — Capt. Hamilton'B proposition is, to remove to Kansas himself, with his family and a part of his servants, and 100 Emigrants from Georgia, provided $25,000 will be contributed to the objeot by the oitiz-ms of the State which will be about $230 to each member of the Emi grant party. This proposition of Capt. Hamilton, we conceive emi nently worthy of encouragement. His well known character is ample security for the faithful execution of his trust, and the causa in whioh he has enlisted, has the sympathy of every friend of the South. Individuals wishing to contribute material aid, can address him at Adairsvill®.— Sav. Georgian. Latest from Kansas- St. Louis, Deo. 4. Accounts received here from Kansas, state that an officer of the Free State organization bad been captured at Atehison, with written orders upon his person for the burning of the town —through revenge for the murder of MoLaughlin. As most of the male oitizens of the plooe had gone to Leoompton, at the request of Governor Shannon, a request was sent to Weston, Mo., for assis tance, and a party left there for Atchison last night. St. Louis, Deo. 4. A despatch from JeffersoD says (here will be no elec tion of a United States Senator this session. The Know Nothing ticket for Mayor and Aldermen was elected in Macon, on Saturday laßt, by nbout one hundred majority. The first shad of the season was caught in Savannah river, on the 7th, aud was sold for forljKfive dollars and j served up in South Carolina. The largest cargo ever carried to New Oder ns on a steamboat, arrived there last Sunday, on b>a and o: the John Si moods. She had 5347 bales of cotton and 1500 nags of wheat. JT The Alabama annual Conference of the Meth odist Church convened at Eu.aw, on the sth inst„ Bishop Paine presiding. An unusual amount of busi. uess is before tha Conference ; and there is an unusual ly large Dumber of min sters ia attendance, most of whom arc young men. Georgia Legislature, SENATE. Milledgeville, Dec. 8. The Senate met at 10 o'clock A. M., President Bailey in the Chair. The journal ol’yesterday was read and appro ved. The bill to incorporate the Canton Miuing Company, was passed. The unfinished business of yesterday, being the bill to give State aid to tho Brunswick aud Florida Rail Road, was taken up. * Cone, of Greene, made an unsuccessful effort to amend tko bill, by requiring that, before State aid should be given, there should be four millions of stock taken by solvent cit izens of Georgia; that the President and Diiectois of the company shall be also resident citizens; that 20 miles of the Road should be completed and in running order; and that the property of the Stockholders should be pledged to the redemption of the bonds issued by the State. This amendment was supported by Cone, of Greene, and Buch anan, of Coweta, and opposed by Calhoun, of Fulton, and Hardeman, of Bibb. It was lost by a very small majority. Hardeman, of Bibb, succeeded in canying through an amendment, m&k : ug the private property of the stockhold er liable for the redemption of the bonds issued by the State. Other amendments of mmor importance, were propo. xl and adopted. Baxter, of Hancock, moved to amend by adding an ad ditional t setionto the bill providing tor a submission of the question of State aid, to the people at the next general elec tion, which was lost, by yeas 37, nays 46. Tho reading of the bill having been gone through with, the bill reported by the committee on Internal Improvements, as amended, was substituted for the original bill. Without taking a final vote on tbe bill, the Senate ad journed to 10 o’clock, Monday morning. This is the great measure of the session. The indica tions at present, are decidedly in favor of its passage. If the State is secured against ultimate loss, we incline to be lieve the people will sanction this great measure of justice to Southern Georgia. The aid propos’ and will secure the spe ?dy completion of two groat lmes of Rail Road through Southern Georgia, which will double tho cotton receipts of Savannah, and add untold millions to the wealth of Geor gia. HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES. Milledgeville, Dec. 8. Tho Ilou&e met at SI o’clock A. M., Milledge,of Rich* mond, in the Chair. On motion of Phillips, of Habersham, a committee con sisting of Phillips, of Habersham, Smith, of Union, and Johnson, of Ca?*, was appointed to examine and report up on the feasibility of removing the Penitentiary to Stone Mountain or some other location up the country. new bills. Harrell, of Pulaski: A bill providing, that hereafter elec tion shall be held at each of the Justices Court Houses in Pulaski county. Harris, of Dougherty: A bill to add a portion of Worth to the county of Dougherty. Paflord, of Coffee: A bill to change the line between the counties of Coflae and Appling. Wiggins, of Marion: A bill to allow as much as 10 per coot, interest on bonds and notes to be collected, when the amount of interest charged is expressed in the contract. Myers, of Hart: A bill to reduce tbe bonds of the sheriffs of Halt county, to $5,000. Rozier, of Burke: A bill prohibiting Rail Road compa nies from charging passengers a higher rate of fare per mile, for short than for greater distances. Murphy, of Monroe: A bill to compensate certain teach era of poor children. Williams, of Bibb: A bill for the relief of A. P. Powers. Terhune, of Floyd: A memorial from citizens of Floyd county, in relation to an appropriation to clean out Coosa River. Johnson, of Caes, from the committee on the Asylum ior the Deaf and Dumb, reported a bill, making an appro priation ol $8,600 for tho benefit of the Asylum. Fhinizy, ol Oglethorpe : A bill to tax Banking compa nies at the same rate a3 other persons. Lawton, of Chatham : A bill to incorporate the Ameri can Mining Cos., to he located in Cherokee County ; Also, A bill to altei the charter of tho Bank of Savannah. Aliiledge, of Richmond: A bill to incorporate the Au gusta Savings Bank ; stockholders limited to fifteen ; capi tal stock $30,003 with the privilege of increasing it to SICO,- 000. Wood, of tannin : A bill to change the organization of the Inferior Courts, The bill proposes to have one Judge in place of five, aud to pay him a salary of $250 per annum. Walton, ol Stewart: A bill providing for a revision of Jury boxes, when they are destroyed by fire or other causes. TBE CAPITOL. A communication was received from tno Governor,-sub mitting plans for the enlargement of the capital, and ask ing for an appropriation of $97,813 89, for that purpose. The lithographic plans exhibited by the Governor of the renovated capitol, present a charming picture, at which the members took as much pleasure in looking at aschildren ; and a motion was actually made, but lost, to suspend busi ness for the purpose of allowing them opportunity to in spect it. BILLS PASSED AND LOST. Davis, of Polk, moved to take up the biil, lost but recon sidered, to form anew county out of parts of Polk and Carroll counties. The motion prevailed, and some time consumed in the consideration es the bill. The repoit Os committee was agreed to, and upon a call of the yoas aod nays, the bill was passed by a vote ®f yea 9 68, nays 50. On motion of Terhune, ol Floyd, ihe bill to amend the act of incorporation of th© city of Rome, was taken up and passed. ’I he bill to organize anew county out of parts of Hous ton, Crawford aud Macon counties, was lost. The Judiciary committee reported against the bill to give the Magistrates ol the city of Augusta, jurisdiction over civil suits where the amount in controversy does not exceed SSO. Milledge, of Richmond, advocated the bill with much enthusiasm. He had received a number of letters from Attorneys against the bill. He did not come here to represent that class of community, but the whole people. His constituents were very anxious for the passage of the bill, and as it was local in its character, he hoped the House would pass it. Haynie, of Floyd, would be willing for th.B bill, if I it would not interfere with constitutional provisions. Lawton, of Chatham, did not believe there was any con- ! siitutional objection to the bill. The committee reported | against the hill simply because it was lo6al in its character and interfered with the general system in the State. Harris, of Meriwether, moved to amend, by extending the provisions of the act to Meriwether county. With ! drawn. Thornton of Muscogee,moved to refer the bill and amend ments back *o the judiciary committee, with instructions to report a bill abolishing t!i>* civil jurisdiction of Justices ot the Peace, and compelling parties litigant, when tho amount in controversy i3 under S3J, to refer the matter to arbitration. Lo3t. Crook,of Chattooga,was opposed to local legislation, bat so long as the policy of local legislation was pursued, he .'was unwilling to make Augusta an exception. Thornton, of Muscogee, was opposed to magistrate’s court. It was one of the old institutions of England which had long ago been abolished there. It was difficult to get good men to serve as Justices. Constables’ bonds were generally worthless. The Court was au unnecessary tax upon the people. Small suits ought to be settled by arbitrators, without costs. The bill finally passed without amendments. The bill to amend the acts relating to the Savannah, Albany and Guif Railroad Cos., so as to allow that Com pany to cross the track* of the Brunswick Railroad at any point they may select west of the .Mtamaha, was passed. The bill to allow practicing attorneys to hold the office of Justice of th? Peace in the county of Troup, and to give them jurisdiction over all civil suits when the ’amount in controversy does not exceed SSO, was taken up. Ter hune, of Floyd, moved to strike out the eection increasing jurisdiction. Lost. The bill was passed. Tho bill to give to tinners, gas-fitters and plumbers, the same lien on buildings on which they work, as is now giv en to masons and carpenters, was reported against by the judiciary committee and lost. Tho biil to facilitate appeals to the Supremo Court was passed. The bill to pay Hardy Smith of the county of Laurens S3OO for fees paid in tho prosecution of a thief who stole money belonging to the State, was lost. LUNATIC ASYLUM. The joint committee of the two houses made a very able report upon the Lunatic Asylum, in which they commend, in very gratifying teims of eulogy, the management of the charity by Dr. Green, and introduced a bill appropriating $50,000 for 1856, and $50,000 for 1857, for the completion of the noble buildings now in process of construction. SENATE. Milledgeville, Dec. 10. The Senate met at 10 o’clock A. M. After thejournal of Saturday wasread,Dimnegan,'ol Hall, moved to reconsider the action of the Senate on Saturday, rejecting the amendment of Baxter, of Hancock, referring to the people, the subject of State aid to the Brunswick Rail Road. The motion to reconsider was supported by Dunnegan, of Hall, Spalding of Mclntosh, Landrum, of Oglethorpe, Wellborn, of Whitfield, Baxter, of Hancock, and was op posed by McMillan, of Habersham, Peebles of Clarke,and Hardeman, of Bibb, and lost, by yeas 42, nays 51. The rules were suspended, on motion of Gibson of Pike, and tho bill taken up, altering the time and reducing the number of places of holding the Supreme Court. With out taking any definite action on the bill, the Senate ad journed to 3 o’clock, P. M. AFTERNOON SESSION. The Senate resumed tho consideration of the Supreme Court bill. The bill provides lor holding the Court at five places, to-wit., Savannah, Macon, Atlanta, Athens and Milledgeville. It was opposed by Swinney of Kinchafoo na, and Murphy, of DeKalb, and supported by Cone, of Greene. The bill passed by yeas 59, nays 34. The Senate resumed the consideration of tho bill to give State aid to the Brunswick, Florida and Albany branch Rail Road. After some discussion, the bill was passed by yeas 50, nays 48. The passage of the bill was hailed by applause. Look out for a reconsideration to-morrow. As this is a most important bill, it may not be improper to give a orief synopsis of its more important leatures. Tho Governor is authorised to issue bonds of the State to the President of said Road, at the rate of $6,000 per mile lor every ten miles of Road completed and put m ruu ning order, not exceeding $1,000,000, bearing 6 per cent interest, and payable in 20 years lrom date ol issuance of the same, provided, Ist. That subscriptions are made by solvent citizens or corporations equal in amount to the bonds issued by the Stale. 2d. That the President and Directors of the company are citizens of Georgia. 3d. That 20 miles of said Road are first completed and put in running order, with freight and passenger cars, and iron weighing 50 pounds per yard. 4th. That there is no prior liens of any kind on the Road. sth. That the names of stockholders, amounts subscrib ed and paid by each are filed in the Comptroller General’s office. No transfer of stock releases the lien of the State until after 12 months. 6. Property of stockholders liable in proportion to rtock. 7. Company to pay all expenses o issuing bonds, pro vide for the payment of interest; if not met, execution -to ue against company, and if no property be lound then against the property of stockholders. 8. The same aid is given to the Savannuli, Albany and Gulf Rail Road, and upon the foregoing conditions. After this very important measure was disposed of, the Senate adjourned to 10 o’clock to-morrow morning. HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES. Milledgeville, Dec. 10. The House met at 10 o’clock A. M. The Speaker, Stiles, of Chatham, alter an absence ol a week from indisposition, resumed his seat. The journal was read and approved. BILLS INTRODUCED. Dozier, of Clay: A bill to compel tax payers to give in the uumbers and districts of land to tax receivers. King of Fayette : A bill to authorise ordinaaeera to issue executions for cost against admini. .rators, executors and guardians, who are in delimit in making their annual re turns. Milledge, of Richmond: A bill to amend the act in corporating the Columbia Mining Company, so as to allow them to hold meetings in Augusta. Cottle, of Sumter: A bill lor the relief of certain con tractois, to furnish woodwork for the Lunatic Asylum. Tho woodwork was ready for delivery and accidentally destroyed by fire. The loss is estimated at $1,300. Haynie, of Floyd: A bill authorizing the Governor to make a contract for the copying of books in the Executive office, which are in bad order, and to draw his warrant for $4,000 to meet the expenses of the same. Several local bills and unimportant resolutions were in troduced. BILLS BASSED. The general appropriation bill for the years 1856 and 1857, as reported bv Phillips, of Habersham, Chairman of the committee on Finance, was passed, it is characterized by the wisdom, liberality and just economy which mark all the legislative acts or the just and good man who has so long and faithfully served bis country on this very impor tant committee. The Senate’s bill, which had already passed the Legisla ture once, amending the first section of the third article of the Constitution by striking out the words “being a seaport town or port of ent.y.” These words prevented tho estab lishment ol criminal Courts iu towns and cities in the up country. It is hoped that this amendment of the Constitu tion, will be followed by the establishment of a criminal Court in Atlanta, Macon, Columbus and Augusta. The pressure upon the Superior Courts of these cities is so gieat as to amount in many cases to a repeal of the criminal laws. The biil to change the time of holding the Superior and Inferior Courts of Jbloya eouuty. The bill to amend the 11th section of the Judiciary act, o as to allow suits to be brought against joint contractors who Jive in different counties m either county the plaintiff may choose, and to issue branch processes to the other de fendants. Tne bill for the relief of Wakefield & Cos., of Clay co. from excessive tax paid by them. The bill to allow Attorneys at law to act as Justices of •he Peace iu Troup county, and to increase their jurisdic tion in civil ca-es to §SO, was amended, on motion of Har ris, of Meriwether, *o as to extend its provisions to all the counties in the State, and passed, by a vote of yeas 84, nays The bill was advocated by Wood, of Fannin, Ward, of Butts, Harris, of Meriwether, Harris of Fulton, and Hiil, of Troup, and opposed by Messrs. Thornton and Jones, of Muscogee, Johiisou, ol Cass, Turhuue ot Fioyd, and Crook, of Chattooga. The bill io appropriate 814 58, for relief of Robert Mc- Intyre, of the county of Chatham, for excessive taxes paid by him. BILLS LO^T. The bill to compel itinerant traders to take out licenses in each county m which they peddle, and to pay §SO for the same. The bill to appropriate $*2,000, or so much as may be necessary to construct a road over the mountains, so as to connect iie Cato.ua Valley with Rome, was under con - sun-ration, when the Hou-.e adjourned to 9 o’clock 10-rnor row morning. , A Large Eagle. TV*. 11. Owens, Esq., on Monday last, sent to our offioo a Gray Eagle, measuring seven eet and one inch from tip to tip of its wings when spread. This monster of birds,wr<s killed by Mr. Owens, about four miles frurn this place.— Albany Patriot. The Washington Union —This able Democratic jourual will hereafter be conducted by A. O. P. Nichol son and J. TV. Forney. These genilemeu are well and favorably known as efficient and talented champi ons in the cause of Democracy, and will do noble ser vice in the approaching campaign. 0“ The Louisville Journal eoncludes an article of two and a half columns on tho subject of slavery as follows : “But what will be the condition of the South if slaver ry be wiped from the Republic ? They are stripped of 3,000,000 of slaves, worth S6OO each, and their planta tions must be laid waste. The black race in the South will outnumber the white, the North will cut receive them, and the South cannot support them as freemen ; the white man is ruined in the South, and the black man who displaces him relapses into barbarism.” Fire in New York. New York, Dec. 7. A fire occurred here last night, which partially destroyed the building occupied by Messrs. Nevitt, Lathrop & Rogers, of Savannah, and Bancroft, Betts and Marshall, of Char leston. Three hundred bales of Cotton, which had just been discharged from the Black Warrior, were burnt. Business of the Central Bail Road- The receipts of cotton in Savannah by the Central Rail- Road for tho year ending on the 30th of November, amount ed to 290,000 bales, and the gross earnings of the Road du ring the same poriod were 5i,428,000. Hogs. During the present week, large quantities of hogs have passed through this city, en route to our more Southern markets. We have never seen finer hogs than are being shipped this year, brought from any country. We under stand that they are very scarce in Tennessee this season, and the most of the shipments made are from Kentucky. Those who profess to know, say that the number of hogs is far short of what it was last year, but the snperiority in size will make up for the delicieucy in number. — Dalton Expositor, Dec. 5. Fencing Railroads. —This subject is engaging the atten tion of Railroad Companies in various sections of the coun try. Tho Georgia Railroad Company, some months ago, adopted a resolution to fence in tho entire line of their road from Augusta to Atlanta, and the work has made consider able progress at tho lower end ol the line. A correspondent of the Washington Union, who sub scribes himself “An Old Whig,” says: Let not the Whigs be humbled because their party has been swallowed. The whale swallowed Jonah ; Jonah was heard of afterwards, the whale never. Every-Day Facts in Science. —ls a tallow candle he placed in a gun, and shot at a door, it will go through with out sustaining any injury ; and if a musket ball be fired in to water, it will not only rebound, but be tiatlened, as if fired against a hard substance. A musket ball may be fired through a pane of glass,making the hole the size of the ball, without cracking the glass ; if the glass lie suspended by a thread, it will make no difference, and the thread will not oven vibrate. In the Arctic regions, when the thermometer is below zero, persons can converse more than a mile distant. Dr. Jamieson asserts that he heard every word ol a sermon at the distance of two miles. Early Alabama.— By the favor of C. M. Godbold, Esq , says the Mobile Tribune, we have had an opportunL ty ol seeing one ol the firct specimens of printing in Ala bama. It is entitled “Journal ol the Legislative Council of the Alabama Territory, at the First Session of the First General Assembly, m the Forty-third Year of American Independence. St. Stephens: Printed by Thomas Eastin, Printer to the Alabama Territory, 1818.” William W. Bibb was Governor; Gabriel Moore. Speaker ol the House; and James Titus, President of the Legislative Council. — The Message of the Governor is one of” the most elegant ly written papers of the sou that wo liavo ever read. It exhibits veiy high culture. The Assembly nominated the following gentlemen for recommendation to the President tor appointment as mem bers ol the legislative council: George Philips, Joseph How ard, Matthew Wilson, Joseph P. Kennedy, John Gayle, and R. Ail of these gentlemen, we believe, are dead, says the Tribune, except our distinguished towns man, John Gayle, who was afterwards Governor, when the Territory had become a flourishing State. In the beginning, St. Stephens was the chief town, and we see that steps were taken by the first council to estab lish a Bank there, and also an Academy, lor whose bene fit a Lottery was authorized. There was also an act pas sed to establish a bank at Huntsville. ‘I lie pamphlet is a rude specimen of printing, in the o’ ♦ lorm ot type that had been in vogue a couple ol centuries. it requires only a glance at this interesting little volume, to see what immense advances Alabama has made since* 1818—a period which many of our ciiizens recollect dis tinctly. 11 it had not been lor the pernicious banking sys tem that was subsequently fastened on the commonwealth, doubtless the difference between the two eras would have been much more marked. The Merry Heart. ’Tis well to have a merry heart, However short we stay ; There’s wisdom in a merry heart, Whate’er the world may say. Philosophy may lift its head And find out many a flaw, But give me the philosopher That’s happy with a straw. II life but brings us happiness, it brings us, we are told, Wnat s hard to buy, tho’ rich ones try With ail their heaps ol gold ; Then laugh away, let others say Whate’er they will of mirth : Who laughs the most may truly boast He’s got the wealth oi earth. There’s beauty in the merry heart, A moral beauty, too ; It shows the heart’s an honest heart, Thai’s paid each man his due ; And lent a share of what’s to spare, Despite of wisdom K s iears, * * And makes the cheek less sorrow speak, The eye weep fewer tears, < The sun may shroud itself in cloud, The tempest wrath begin ; It finds a spark to cheer the dark, t Its sunlight is within ; Then laugh away, let others say Whate’er they will of mirth ; *Who laughs the most may truly boast He’s got the wealth of earth. COMMERCIAL. OmTTON STATEMENTS. i =r & i tt i< 2 S jS K- ® £ l--~ -M* M rr j & : 5.0 po -c - or ’ eex ir 0 | a a . 2.°- 2L&. £ this Doc. 9, j— u r ? :■ : d“y -r*ss - ‘i 2 '"! 3462 27624 3108(3 147 c! J 2462; 13900 !'J32I Dec. 8, 1 | : and 1 521 6370 5561 <- 61 98~ j 1 777 13 1271 ■ j 33* >5T 318-13 1 Columbus, Dee. 11. I COTTON I here has been ago demand and every a thing that is offered is readily taken. Middlings 7§ to ■ tS’.rict Middlings 7|, Good Middlings 8 to Si t ents. ra Savannah, Doc. 10. j] COTI ON.—Sales Saturday G2ff bales ot 81 to 10*1 II Ceuis. 3 j New York, Dec. 8. J is firm. Saie-t 1,500 Pales. 1 .our is tiro* Oaio s‘j 25. Wheat is quiet and unchanged. Corn % firm at sl. - New Orleans, D.c. 7. Sales of cotton to and y 15,000 biles, with a .lee’ V se. mostly ort.iower gr tilts. Middling hi to ■-£. 9 the week 55 00 > bait *. Week’s tec.-ipu- id-,.-, tV, ) r V' : 54,.>00 same w.vk l;.st ver. The iuotea-je r dal - amount to 52*20,000 iw,. a. kuu hunt* ’gfe c