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expressly forbid any firing of
guns and beating of drums. . .
This is the beginning of one of tin; many New
Year's proclamations of Peter Stuyve.sant, director
general of New Netherlands—Ids farm, file
“Bouwerij,” on Manhattan Island gave the Bowery
its name—by which lie hoped to “prevent more
sins, debaucheries and calamities" in New Am¬
sterdam during ids 17 years of administration,
1047-04. For It was in old New York that the
American custom of New Year’s calls lied ils be¬
ginning. And when the fun got too boisterous old
Peter would come stumping along on his sliver
banded wooden leg and try to make an unwilling
rattle-watch enforce ids proclamation.
New Year's day was the holiday par excellence
la old New York. It was a day peculiarly dedi¬
cated to family congratulations and the renewal
of friendships in expressions of sympathy and
good will, which, following so closely the sacred
festival of Christmas, Inspired all with peculiar
(significance. Washington Irving has said; “New
York was then a handy town. Anyone who did
not live* over the way was to be found round the
corner." So the making of New Year’s calls was
easy. Let us glance at the New Amsterdam of
that day on the first day of the new year.
The sober, older citizens, sturdy figures, richly
aud warmly clothed, walk, slowly smoking, to the
fort to render New Year’s wishes to the officers
of the garrison and then to the White’ Hull by the
Battery to do the governor the same honor. Ever
since daybreak a noisier element has reveled up
and down the narrow lanes and by the hanks of
the canal (now Broad street), shouting greetings,
beating drums, tiring muskets, blowing horns,
shaking “rumbling-pots" and drinking rivers of
beer. A group of young burghers, with some
clumsy firearm, a snaphance or a rourfherer. have
gone from door to door of each corbel-roofed
house firing blank volleys, gathering recruits,
drinking more beer, till all repair to Beekman’s
Swamp (known to this day la New York as the
Swamp) to fire at n target.
Noise and New Year’s continued to he closely
connected in the days of the American colonies.
New Year’s day was a favorite day for shooting
at a mark, for shooting for prizes, and “target
companies" of very respectable citizens rose early
in the morning for these contests. For it was
deemed most selfish nnd rather disreputable for
a man to spend the entire day in sueh shooting.
He could go with his "target company" in the
morning, hut he must pay a round of calls to the
fair in the afternoon.
In the days of New Year’s celebration in New
York, In the first half of the nineteenth century,
the town seemed a great family reunion, in which
each man vied with the other in boisterous delight.
Shops were lighted, windows garlanded, streets
crowded. Great vans—stages with four and six
horses—were crowded with groups of men, often a
group of kinsfolk, or old neighbors, or n hilarious
mob of men allied in politics—or some "target
company’’ or “band of old firemen." The ac¬
quaintances of each were called upon in turn.
It was about the beginning of the nineteenth
century that the change from a neighborly ob¬
servance to one of pure fashion began In nil the
large cities. The younger women of such house¬
holds as had daughters were hostesses, and great
was their rivalry, one with another, in respect to
richly loaded refreshment tables and elegance of
toilet. The dudes of those days—they called them
"beaux” and "dandles" nnd “gallants"—attired
themselves in their best nnd started out early in
the morning on their calls.
It was not until about the middle of the century
tluit the abuse which finally led to the custom's
decline began. For years the dandies of New
York and other large cities rivaled one another in
the length of their calling fists, and the calls soon
came to he nothing more than hasty stops—mere
rapid gorgings of cake and gulpings of wine—in¬
stead of the old-time friendly calls of men upon
the families of their friends and acquaintances.
Then the ladles—the matrons as well as the
young women began to vie with one another In
the number of their callers. This led to the
most extraordinary practices. Callers were re¬
cruited. indeed much as customers are drummed
, in i,y dealers in soap. Cards announcing that
Miss This-or-That would be “at home" on January
1 were sent out almost indiscriminately, (
Then the Sunday papers of the time began to
print fists of those who would receive and the
houses of those mentioned in the fists were sure
to be besieged by numbers of men whom the
ladies had never met or heard of and desired
never to meet again. Men would go calling In
HEREAS, experience has t: light
us that on New Year's day aud
May day from the firing of
guns, the planting of Maypoles,
and drunken drinkers, there
has resulted unnecessary waste
of powder and much intoxica¬
tion, with the brnl practices and
had accidents; therefore we
THE CLEVELAND COURIER, CLEVELAND, GEORGIA.
2SZT0J%? &2T W&TT'ZXRY'
couples and parties and even in droves of ;!0 or
more, remaining as short a time at each stopping
place ns possible and announcing everywhere how
many calls they had already made and how many
they expected to make before they finished.
At every place they drank. The result was a
most appalling assortment of "jags” long before
sundown.
Late in the fifties the abuse came to be so great
Hun the newspapers and the ministers took up,
and many were tin* editorials w ritten and many the
sermons preached against it. This crusade speedi¬
ly brought results.
It was not many years before the smart set of
young men In most cities stopped calling. The
hospitable door tlmt had been open from morning
to evening was adorned with a basket for cards.
Gentlemen were driven all over town deposting
their visiting cards in these baskets. In a year or
so servants were delivering these cards. Then
the baskets disappeared and the mud carrier de¬
livered the few cards sent out. Of course this
process was not at all uniform. U was fast in
some cities, slow in others.
A belle of the eighties, sitting In her easy chair,
thumbing over an oid scrapbook filled with faded
cuttings front the newspapers of those days; her
husband, a beau of the same period, in slippers
and dressing gown, smoking aud listening as she
spoke nnd read, now and then nodding his head
and smiling at some memory recalled; arid the
daughters of the house, planning for the watch
party festivities of 1920, listening with curious in¬
terest: amt laughing and chatting about how odd It
all seemed now- -such n seene was doubtless to be
witnessed In many a city all over the country
with the closing days of 1919.
“We didn't go in so much for the watch parties
In those days,” the matron said. “The whistles
blew and there was some noise, it is true, among
the downtown folk, hut we girls, as a rule, retired
early—we had to save ourselves for the trying
ordeal of the next day, for New Year's day was
the great social event of the year. It was ‘receiv¬
ing day’ In all the homes of the town. We called
It ’keeping open house.’
“It was a day of lavish entertainment and that the
doors were supposed to be open to everybody
called, whether friend or stranger. We prepared
for it weeks In advance. It was a period of grout
conviviality. Aside from the fact that the con
vlvlalty was somewhat overdone, at times, that old
custom of the New Year's open house was quite an
old-fashioned, sincere expression of good felle"
shlp to friend nnd neighbor and visiting strong’
—opening the portals of the New Year, as r:
were, with a greeting and a home welcome. And
as a social function. It was most delightful—it
helped to bring people together.
"It was the fashion to give each of the callers a
souvenir to carry away with them nnd all sorts
of ingenious little devices were used, Some had
silk badges with the names of the girl painted ou
them; some had dainty metal souvenirs specially
struck off, others ornate cards with mottoes, and
some went in for the oddities, like the clay pipes
that papa tells about. I remember the gentlemen
used to wear these souvenirs {tinned or tied with
ribbons to their coats—as the knights of old wore
their ladles’ favors—and late In the evening the
callers looked like foreign diplomats, with all their
decorations, or. perhaps, like South African chiefs
would he the better simile.
"Of course, only the gentlemen called—they
were never accompanied by ladles. The Indies re¬
mained in their homes to receive them. The gen¬
tlemen were supposed to he In full dress—the
younger set wore swallowtails aud crush hats, and
ihe older gentlemen Prince Albert coats and fight
gray, pin-striped trousers—that was the vogue.
The old timers, 1 remember, did not take very
kindly to the crush hats. And everybody, of
course, had to have a hack >.r a sleigh.
"The hostess of the house usually called to her
assistance a bevy of the young girls who made up
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fie receiving line and helped to dispense the hos¬
pitality of the home. 1 remember one season
when we had Inure than 290 callers. The custom
was to stay a few moments only, chat, drink and
eat, and then go on to the next house. One of the
rooms, however, was cleared for dancing and In
the late* hours the callers would select partners
and whirl through a waltz, n polka or a seliottlshe,
or perhaps a set of the quadrille. Every house
had a hand of musicians,
'T he “open house" function was a very elaborate
dress affair—Ihe women vied with (*ne anpther in
beautiful costuming and the month before New
Year’s was u harvest for the dressmakers.
"From 2 o’clock until late In the night the par¬
lors wer% filled with guests. The lower portion of
the house had been previously beautifully deco¬
rated with (lowers and exotics and all who called
were made to feel perfectly at home. In the din¬
ing room wits a table with all sorts of eatables
and dainties, with rare wines and punches. At 2
o’clock, when the reception opened, the blinds
were druvvu and the gas lighted. During,the day
favored trailers were invited to return at night for
a dance.”
With the gradual abandoning of New Year’s
calls came in the gradual growth of the eating,
drinking’and revelry that before the war and pro¬
hibition marked New Year’s eve in the cities.
Here is a glimpse of Philadelphia in 1894:
"After the reserves and the Third district police¬
men had taken their positions the enormous crowd
began is swell in size. In front of Independence
hall, filling the street, was a jostling mob that be¬
came noisier the nearer the hands of the clock
came tc the midnight hour. Up Chestnut street
there wore two black masses that moved victori¬
ously toward the statehouse.
"The guy nnd comic ‘shooter’ (mummer) did
not put in appearance to any considerable extent
until about 11 o’clock. Then he came from all di¬
rections.
"The thousands packed in the roadway sent up
.n answering cry to the first stroke of the big
\jll, and the rattle of pistol shots, despite the po¬
lice orders against using weapons, was like the
sound of musketry. The screams of whistles added
to the din anil on every side through the miles that
tlie eyes could pierce fireworks went blaziug up¬
ward,”
And here is a glimpse of New York in 1906:
"All New York came out to celebrate the birth
of the new year. Nothing like it was ever seen
before for numbers or for enthusiasm. From the
hour after dinner until long after midnight the
celebration lasted. It consisted of noise, eating
and drinking, with noise by far the predominating
element. Men horn in New York, who have lived
here all tlelr lives, looked at the carnival in wide
eyed astonishment.
“At least 00,000 men and women packed Broad¬
way and the side streets near Trinity church from
half past eleven o’clock until long after midnight.
To hear the chimes? Oh, no. To blow horns and
whistles and spring rattles and yell and thus
drown out the very pretty chimes of old Trinity
that welcomed in the New Year. Every table in
every big restaurant was taken weeks in advance.”
In 1914 the police in most of the large cities or¬
dered “sane” New Year's celebrations. In conse¬
quence there was a marked diminution of the
revelry; In many cities midnight closing and com¬
munity celebrations marked the occasion.
Thus the celebration of New Year’s day in noise,
drinking, eating and calling—has grown to be »
climax and become “sane." What next?
TEXT—He then, having received the
night—John sop, went immediately out: and It was
13:30.
Night brings more than stars. The
pt0s sing of her as "queen,” but
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tion
world; out to betray hit* Into the
bauds of sinners’. And with regard to
Judas’ sad condition. Ids awtut deed,
and his terrible doom volumes could
| stay no more than the Spirit of God
j presses into those four brief words, Judas
| "and it was night.” Night for
■ with his hack on Christ' Night for
j the disciple who forsakes the Msis
j tor's dwelling place! Night, eternal
I night, for every soul that turns from
| the Savior!
I.—Dark night in the streets of the
: Holy City to which the traitor slinks,
but darker night within upon that
j traitor's soul, lit 1 bus turned away
i from the Light, and he who has iu
spired the horrible not is the “ruler
of the darkmv-s of this world,” Night
is in harmony with the crime, for tit
its climax on Golgotha an iinpenetrn
hie darkness gather* round.
into the N:ght.
Ob, if ever man list<1 it ehnnee to be
saved it was Judas! So near to
j Christ, yet so far away! Casting out
demons in his name, yet hearing at
length, "I never knew you.” A dis
eijtle, but never saved! “I speak not
of you all: 1 know whom I have chos¬
en ; hut that the Scripture may be ful¬
filled, he that eiiteth with me hath
lifted up Ids heel against me.” With
the taste of that very love-token still
fresh upon liis tongue the traitor goes
out into the night that is for him so
soon to become the “outer darkness”
of Gut night etprqal. , » , c
II.—"And it was* night.” Yea. al
ways night away from Christ! “Light
of the world” is he and how truly the
“light of life” to all who know him!
See the contrast between this disciple
: turned away and that "one of his dls
! cipies whom Jesus loved,” "leaning on
j Jesus' bosom," that nameless one who
represents them ail, for till are alike
the objects of His* love. This is that
“part with him” for which he has
cleansed us and to which he invites
and welcomes all. The holiest Intima¬
cy! The dearest fellowship! No night
there! Oh, child of God, beloved dis¬
ciple, “called unto the fellowship of
his Son," to forsake that precious
abiding place is night, black night
for your soul. Uise up and tell tie—
you have known one hour of that
sweet fellowship with Christ and have
learned "the sweetness of the secret
of tlie Lord”—rise up and teli us, if
you can, that it is not night away
from him. Wandering in the night
away from that loving Lord, let not
thine eyes become accustomed to the
darkness lest thou fall in with ids foes
and betray him. It Is the night that
exposes you to defection and sin and
obscures the snares set for your feet.
Come hack to the Light. Those lov¬
ing arm* that, on that happy day long
ago clasped you in their embrace of
salvation, are wide open again to re¬
ceive, and the lips that whispered
peace to you are saying “He that fol¬
lowed! me shall not walk in darkness
but shall have the light of fife.”
HI.—“And it was night.” The words
are prophetic, faintly foreshadowing
the doom of those who reject the Lord
Jesus.
His Sack to the Light.
Oh. ooee-boro sinner, soul unsaved,
whether in the depths of depravity or
walking upon the highest plane of
morality and benevolence and fleshly
religiousness, you have your back on
the Sou of God, you have turned away
from the Savior. And as Judas went
with the tokens of love upon his lips,
so have you gone. The hand that was
on the cross for your sins gave them
to you. And that soul of thine shall
go way into the darkness of eternal
midnight, abandoned to its self-chosen
way and haunted by the memory of
that grace and love that it lias re¬
fused.
“Watchman, what of the night?”
The watchman said. "The morning
eometh. also the night.” Y'ea. the
amming for the saved of the Lord,
but for tiie Chri.stless. the night—
night that has no dawning, night to
which no day succeeds, hut forever
anti forever night ’ This is God’s mes¬
sage to you: “And it was night." a
death-knell whose solemn pealing is
ha? site prelude to the chorus of de¬
spair ::t that “outer darkness."
Oh. accept the Savior untv, and come
out* of the nigh* before that eternal
darkness overtakes you. Receive him
and he will receive you into everiast
■ng bonds of fife eternal, of fight and
has a
different meaning
for her.
Here a (fipeiple
goes out from the
presence of his
Lord; out from
the best of
friends, who but
now has dipped
with him in the
dish in token of
friendship; out
from the only
Savior, w hose
f o r e s h a (1 owed
death is to be¬
come a propitia¬
THAT CHANGE IN
WOMAN’S LIFE
Mrs. Godden Tells How it
May be Passed in Safety
and Comfort.
Fremont, 0.—“I was passing through
the critical period of life, being forty-
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troubles, which it
surely proved to be. I fee! better and
stronger in every way since taking it,
and the annoying symptoms have disap¬
poleon peared.”— St., Fremont, Mrs. M. Ohio. Godden, 925 Na¬
Such nervousnsss* annoying svmptons as heat
flashes, backache, head¬
ache, be speedily irritability and ‘‘the blues,”may the
overcome and system
restored to normal conditions by this
famous root and herb remedy Lydia E.
Pinkham’s »If Vegetable Compound.
any complications the Pinkham present them¬
selves write M*. licine Co.,
Lynn, Mass., for suggestion.' how to
overcome them. The result of forty
years experience held is at your service and
your letter in strict confidence.
iD BREATH
Often Caused by
eld- 8 f smash
How can anyone with a bout, grassy
stomach, who is constantly belching, ha*
heartburn and suffer# f row indigent ion h&va
anythin*? but a bat! breath? All of these
, ;torr rh disorders mean jU3t one thing—
Acid-Stomach.
E ATONIC, the wonderful new stomach
remedy in pleasant tasting tablet form that
you eat like a bit of candy, brings quick
relief from these stomach miseries. EATON*
IC sweeten* the breath because it makes th«
stomach sweet, cool and comfortable. Try it
for that misty taste, congested throat and
“heady feeling” after too much smoking.
If neglected. Acid-Stomach may cause you
a lot of serious trouble. It leads to ner¬
vousness, headaches, insomnia, melancholia,
rheumatism, sciatica, heart trouble, ulcer
and cancer of the stomach. It makes Its
millions of victims weak and miserable.
Hstlt 'S, lacking In energy, all tired out. It
itten brine's about chronic invalidism, pre¬
mature old age, a shortening of one's day*.
You need the help that EATONIC can give
you if you are not feeling as strong and
well as > you should You will be surprised
to see how much better you will feel just as
soon as you begin taking this wonderful
stomach remedy. Gctt a big 60 cent box
from your druggist today. He will return
your money if you are not satisfied.
’ATOM SC
I ( FOR Y<50R ACID-STOMACSi)
Baby Sleeps at Night
when the stomach works naturally and
bowels move freely. Mrs. Winslow’s Syr¬
up is especially recommended for quick¬
ly overcoming wind cotic. diarrhoea,
constipation, flatulency, and other dis¬
orders. Help baby’s digestion by givin*
yoc
WINSLOW’S
SYRUP
The Iafaaij' and Child rea'i Refolxtor
and note the health-building for sleep that
follows. Nothing better teething
time. This remedy contains no opiates,
narcotics, alcohol or any harmful in¬
gredients, The formula is on every
bottle of this safe, vegetable regulator.
At all drugffist*
GREAT FORTUNES JN T OIL, LEASES—-If
you have $50 buy N. Louisiana OU leases.
Mammoth gusher*. Great excitement. Write
Reliable Leasing Syndicate, Rust on, La.
Book Reader* send for free descriptive cata¬
log. Novels, Mechanical, Sex, Women’s books,
etc. Central Sales Co.,6©l 9th Ave.,New York.
Must Be One or the Other.
“That gentleman who just entered
is a free thinker.”
“Oh, indeed! Is he a bachelor or a
widower?”—Philadelphia Record.
“Cold In the Head” *
ie an acute attack of Nasal Catarrh. Per¬
sons who are subject to frequent “colds
in the head” will find that the use of
HALL’S CATARRH MEDICINE will
build up the System, cleanse the Blood
and render them less liable to colds.
Repeated attacks of Acute Catarrh may
lead to Chronic Catarrh.
HALL’S CATARRH MEDICINE is tak¬
en internally and acts through the Blood
on the Mucous Surfaces of the System.
All Druggists 73c. Testimonials free.
SlnO.OO for anv case of catarrh that
HALL'S CATARRH MEDICINE will not
cure.
F. J. Cheney & Co., Toledo, Ohio.
“Anyhow.” remarked Shadrach as,
he stepped into the fiery furnace,
“there is no coal shortage in these
parts.”
Dr. Peerys “Dead Shot" Is powerful but
safe. One dose i3 enough to expel Worms or
Tapeworm. -Vo castor oil necessary. Adr.
We certainly would hate to be as
downright devilish as a girl wearing
woolen hose thinks she is.
_ M Night i
feepYour ** o r n n g •»<
. Clear Healthy E/es
Clean — •"*
«nt» Tor Fr*a Q* C*r« Book Murm* Co«CMc&io. tt&J*
had years all the age
incidenttothat symp¬
toms
change—heat flash¬ and
es, nervousness,
was in a genera! run
down condition, hard so
it was for ms
to do my work.
Lydia E. Pinkhara’a
pound Vegetable Com¬
wa3 recom¬
mended to me as the
best remedy for my