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1 —National Vaudeville Artists’ sanatorium, just opened at Saranac Lake, N. V., which has huge solarium with
quartz windows. 2—One of the Russian gunboats that have been sinking Chinese vessels on the Sungari river, Man¬
churia. 3—Augustus Vollmer, former police chief of Berkeley, Calif., new member of the President’s crime and law
enforcement commission.
NEWS REVIEW OF
CURRENT EVENTS
Powers Are Busy With Plans
for Limiting Armaments
and Insuring Peace
By EDWARD W. PICKARD
D EDUCTION of armaments and
LN other plans for Insuring the peace
of the world and so saving the lives
and money of Its inhabitants are oc¬
cupying the international mind these
days largely to the exclusion of other
matters. Chief of the week’s develop¬
ments in this line was the virtual
conclusion of the conversations be¬
tween Ambassador Dawes and Prime
Minister MacDonald of Great Britain
with enough agreement reached to
make certain the calling of a five
power conference on naval reduction.
England will issue the invitation, it
was announced, (o the United States,
France, Italy and Japan, and the
meeting probably will be held in
London, starting In the second week
in January, Mr. MacDonald complet¬
ed liis arrangements to sail for the
United States on September 28 to con¬
fer with President Hoover and Sec¬
retary of State Stimson, aqd It was
assumed that this consultation would
result only in furthering the plans for
the big meeting.
Dispatches from Washington as¬
serted that President Hoover already
had agreed to accept a limitation of
the number of 10,000-ton cruisers the
United States may build, in addition
to a limitation of aggregate cruiser
tonnage, which is the point for which
the British contended in the futile
Geneva conference of 1927. Whether
America’s big cruisers shall number
18 or 21 is to be decided later. It
may be, too, the British will put over
their former proposition that there
shall be no replacements of capital
siiips before 1936, when the Washing¬
ton treaties expire. The extremists in
the matter of national defense are
rather worried by these reported con¬
cessions, and cannot see how the
United States Is to attain naval parity
with Great Britain, hut Americans in
general probably regard the negotia¬
tions with complacency.
President Hoover In a radio address
sought to reassure those who might
lie apprehensive for their country’s
safety. He declared that naval and
land armaments should be held down
to the barest necessities for defense
purposes, in the Interests of peace,
and that unless this policy is adhered
to, preparedness may become a threat
of aggression and a cause of fear and
animosity throughout the world. The
proposals now under discussion by the
great powers, he said, "would preserve
our national defenses and yet -would
relieve the backs of those who toil
from gigantic expenditures and the
world from the hate and fear which
flows from the rivalry in building war¬
ships.”
Dealing with the troubles that may
confront the five-power conference,
the London Daily Telegraph says:
“It is from France and Italy, rather
than from Japan, that the greatest
difficulties are feared. These two
powers may draw together tempo¬
rarily for the purpose of objecting to
holding the conference in London and
of weaving causes for delay, but they
have been engaged since 1920 In a
naval race of a very strenuous and
severe character with one another.
“It is not generally appreciated that
France has been working on a build¬
ing scheme which does not reach its
maturity until 1942 and which com¬
prises 18 cruisers, 90 destroyers, 07
ocean-going submarines and 48 coastal
submarines. Italy’s building program
was further increased only last year
by the addition of 13 ships to cost an
additional $45,000,000, hut its princi¬
pal strength lies in its fast destroyers
and motor torpedo craft."
L t ORD ROBERT CECIL presented
to the disarmament committee of
the Leagne of Nations the British plan
calling for reopening of the question
of trained army reserves in ant
scheme for world disarmament, and
was supported by the German delega¬
tion. The French, Italians and Jap¬
anese argued that this question had
been definitely laid aside Inst spring
and that the present liiue was inop¬
portune for reopening it.
Since the great powers in the League
of Nations have rejected France’s pro¬
posal for an international standing
army, and Great Britain refused to
help form an international navy, the
league is now thinking of forming an
international air force to Help in com¬
pelling the world to be peaceful. Col.
Clifford Harmon of America, president
of the International League of Avi¬
ators, suggested the scheme lust De¬
cember and was sharply rebuked bv
Lord Cushendun of England; but he
did not give up, and seems to have
gained some support from Premier
Briand of France and other diplomats.
Last week both the French and the
Germans introduced before the dis¬
armament committee resolutions defin¬
ing the juridical status of the planes
of such an international force over
various countries. The French meas¬
ure said that the international com¬
mission for aerial navigation is pre¬
paring plans and urges the freedom
of flying over all states, granted that
they are the league’s machines.
Tlie German resolution said that,
having learned that the international
commission for aerial navigation is
studying the legal position of league
aircraft, the question must give rise
to an important issue that the vari¬
ous governments will require an op¬
portunity to Study after they have re¬
ceived complete information on the
project. Count von Bernstortt for
Germany thought the French viewpoint
could not 1)0 accepted. Harmon’s plan
provides for a fleet of bombing planes
to attack and break up mobilization
in an aggressive country by smashing
bridges, tunnels, railways, and other
lines of transportation in order to pre¬
vent. tlie attacker from invading a
neighbor country.
The league assembly shelved until
next year a proposal to assist nations
threatened by war with international
loans guaranteed by all powers in the
league. One of its committees also
carried toward completion plans for
lowering of customs barriers and re¬
ductions of economic impediments to
trade, an essential preliminary being a
world tariff truce of three or four
years.
D n IRTISH and Belgian troops quietly
began tlie evacuation of the Rhine¬
land, and some of tlie French troops
were withdrawn, though it is expected
France will maintain a rather large
force there up to the last minute.
Wiesbaden is to be made tlie head¬
quarters of the interallied Rhineland
commission, whose staff will be great¬
ly reduced.
pi L-J HINA says it is getting tired of
the Soviet Russian raids on Man¬
churian border towns and that unless
they cease the Nationalist government
will drop its defensive tactics and
adopt other measures, confident that
it will receive the support of world
opinion. Tlie Chinese troops are en¬
raged by the tales of atrocities prac¬
ticed by the Russians, as brought to
Harbin by fugitive Chinese merchants
from the border regions and cannot he
restrained much longer. Foreign Min¬
ister C. T. Wang has protested
through the German government
against the internment by the Russians
of Chinese who are not Communists
or members of Russian trade unions
and demanded their immediate re¬
lease. While gathering large bodies of
troops and quantities of munitions on
the Manchurian frontiers, the Chinese
are collecting a mass of evidence to
prove to the world that Russia has
been violating the Kellogg pact. De¬
nials of this by Moscow do not have
great weight with those who are
aware of the Iiussian propensity to
misrepresent—to put it mildly.
O OON after Col. R. XV. Stewart was
ousted by the Rockefellers from
the chairmanship of the Standard Oil
Company of Indiana there were ru¬
mors that he was going to form a
combine to fight the American oil
kings. These have been revived now,
for the colonel sailed for Europe last
week and it was admitted he would
visit Sir Henri Deterding, oil magnate
of Europe and director general of the
Royal Dutch Shell company whose
products already are sold all over
America, If a combine of Standard’s
CLEVELAND COURIER.
competitors does result, It may bring
the Royal Dutch Shell and its ramifi¬
cations, the Sinclair companies, the
Prairie Oil and Gas and subsidiary
pipe line company and the Conti¬
nental Oil company all under a uni¬
fied control. Rumors in American fi¬
nancial circles were that Stewart had
enlisted tlie Morgan interests. It
looks ns if a merry oil war were in
tlie oiling.
Harry M. Blackiner, the American
oil magnate who tied to Prance to
avoid testifying in the Teapot Dome
cases atid is still over there, was fined
$60,000 for contempt of court by Jus¬
tice Siddons of tlie District of Co¬
lumbia Supreme court. His lawyer
gave notice of appeal, and Blaekmer’s
$100,000 in Liberty bonds, seized some
time ago, remains in ihe custody of
the federal marshal in Washington.
p Lt AI’T. motor JOHN vessel M’LEOD Shawnee brought of Nova bis
Scotia into Halifax with t wo shell holes
in its hull, and declared these were
caused by two of four shells fired at
close range by the U. S. coast guard
cutter No. 145 when the Shawnee was
26 miles off New York, bound from
Bermuda to Halifax in ballast. He
said the No. 145 had all its lights
doused and that after tlie firing it
called tlie coast guard Gresham,
which later was relieved by another
vessel, and that lie finally outdistanced
his convoy. McLeod said lie would
make formal protest through Ottawa.
Tlie Shawnee is alleged to have been
engaged in rum running.
LA OWN in the Oapdinqs tlie inhabi
L' (ants apparently are determined
not to have Communists from other
regions interfering with their labor
troubles. Tlie radicals from New
York who went down there to aid
the striking textile workers are hav¬
ing a rough time, what with kidnap¬
ers and vvliippers, and in a mob at¬
tack on persons on tlie way to a
strikers’ rally at Gastonia, N. C., one
woman was shot to death. For this
murder and for various floggings nu¬
merous arrests have been made, and
tlie state authorities seem to tie doing
all in their power to restore order;
but tlie Carolinians are in an ugly
mood and further bloodshed is ex¬
pected.
PRESIDENT * ment of Henry HOOVER’S F. Guggenheim appotnt
as
ambassador to Cuba to succeed Noble
B. Judah, resigned, meets with general
approval. The new ambassador is one
of tlie leading figures in American
aviation, being president of the Gug¬
genheim fund for tlie Promotion of
Aeronautics. During tlie war he
served in the naval aviation forces in
both France and Italy and rose to the
rank of lieutenant commander,
D RIG. GEN. LYTLE BROWN, one
U of the greatest of American engi¬
neers, was appointed chief of army
engineers with rank of major general
to succeed Major General Jndwin, re¬
tired, and simultaneously with making
known tin’s selection. President Hoover
announced plans for tlie reorganiza¬
tion of the office Brown takes. High
ranking officers will be placed in en¬
tire charge of important projects and
held definitely responsible for the suc¬
cessful completion of these special as¬
signments.
General Brown Is fifty-seven years
old and was born at Nashville, Tenn.
vr Eff YORK is to have a lively
d mayoralty campaign with five
candidates. Congressman F. II. La
Guardia, extreme wet, won the Re¬
publican nomination, but the dry Re¬
publicans began laying plans to put
up a dry candidate. The Democrats
renominated Jimmy Walker, and Rich¬
ard Enright, former police commis¬
sioner, was put up by the Square Deal
party, attacking Tammany control of
tlie police department. The fifth can¬
didate is Norman Thomas, running as
a Socialist, and tie is expected to be
stronger than his party because of
dissatisfaction with both LaGuardia
and Walker.
Ivl \/IERGER of two of New York’s
biggest banks, the National City
and the Corn Exchange, was arranged
and approved by the directors. The
consolidation brings together total re¬
sources of $2,380,066,401, making it
the largest bank In the world.
((£). 1929. Western Newspaper Union.)
Limestone Pays
on Sweet Clover
Liberal Applications Result
in Larger Yields of Bet¬
ter Quality.
To change tlie yield of sweet clover
hay by the use of ground limestone
from nothing to an average of over
5,000 pounds per acre is the interest¬
ing result reported by John W. Am.
county agent of Folk county, North
Carolina.
“Mr. Artz conducted six different
demonstrations,” says E. C. Blair, ex¬
tension agronomist, at the North Car¬
olina Slate college. “The results ob¬
tained show conclusively that it is not
worth while to attempt the growing
of sweet clover unless Hie land has
been limed. Liberal applications of
limestone result in larger yields of
liny than do small applications. Each
of Hie six demonstrations consisted of
four one-acre plots.”
Applied in Fall.
The first plot, in each test, was un
limed, Mr. Iilair reports. Tlie second
plot received at tlie rate of 1,000
pounds of finely ground limestone per
acre; the third, 2,000 pounds, and Hie
fourth, 3,000 pounds. This limestone
was applied in tlie fall of 1927 at the
time the small grain was planted.
Sweet clover seed was sown on Hie
grain in March, 102S. The hay was
cut and cured in June, 1929.
The average result of Hie six dem¬
onstrations shows that Hie liny on tlie
unlimed plots was not worth cutting.
Where 1,000 pounds of lime per acre
was used, 2,783 pounds of hay was
harvested; where 2,000 pounds of
lime was used, 4,017 pounds of hay
was secured, and where 3,000 pounds
of limestone was used, the yield was
5,420 pounds of hay per acre. Mr.
Biair says that this last yield was about
double the amount secured where 1,
000 pounds of lime was used.
Of Better Quality.
The sweet clover grew to about Hie
same height with all rates of liming,
but was much thicker and of better
quality where the heavier applications
were made. Mr. Artz reported that
several hundred acres of sweet clover
will lie grown in bis county next
spring and all of it will be limed.
Tramping Down Silage
Is Not Advantageous
Although farmers have I men tramp¬
ing down the silage to pack it evenly
into their silos for fifty years, recent
tests made at several experiment sta¬
tions show that the practice doesn’t
help, to preserve the feedstuff, report¬
ed the Farm Journal. At the United
States dairy bureau farm in Mary¬
land, and again at Pennsylvania State
college, silos filled with evenly distrib¬
uted silage, mil.ramped, kept as well
as tlie closely packed silage of pre¬
vious years.
According to E. ,T. Delwiche, super¬
intendent of two Wisconsin stations,
tlie practice of tramping is even
harmful, lie says;
“Since tramping is generally un¬
even and results in many pockets,
there is less mold in Hie untramped
silage. The ideal arrangement when
tlie silo is filled without tramping
would be to have the distributor
fixed so that a man could control it
without walking on Hie corn. To seal
Hie top of the silage tlie last few feet
should always he carefully leveled
and tramped, when tramping is not
done.”
Clover and Alfalfa Are
Useful as Silage Crops
Glover and alfalfa are not usually
considered silage crops, In some in¬
stances they have been used as silage
satisfactorily. In a good many others
they have not proved satisfactory.
Professor Eckles, formerly of the
University of Missouri, was success¬
ful in making good silage from al¬
falfa and clover hay by allowing it
to wilt in tlie windrow before putting
it into tlie silo. If tlie hay becomes
over-dry, it should have some water
applied after it is in the silo.
Likely you would be better satis¬
fied with your clover if you could put
it up as hay and not take the risk
of losing some or all of it in Hie silo.
Mowing Successful in
Eradicating Many Weeds
Where more than one-fourth of the
stand of vegetation in a pasture is
comprised of weeds, it usually indi¬
cates that Hie land is either over
grazed, prematurely grazed, or a com¬
bination of the two. In planning to
Improve the pasture, consideration
should be given to correcting tlie
causes responsible for tlie weedy
growth. On smooth pastures, most
weeds may bo successfully eradicated
by mowing. If such a method is used,
tlie weeds should he cut about the
time they are in flower—before any
seed is matured.
Dairy Products Demand
To increase the demand for dairy
products seems to he one of the most
feasible methods of advancing the
dairy business, it is believed by doc¬
tors and nutrition specialists that, on
tlie average, the American people do
not consume more than about half
the fluid whole milk necessary to the
maintenance of the highest degree of
health. If organized dairymen could
educate tlie public to tlie values of the
greater quantity of milk in the diet
it would open up a large field for
dairy expansion.
Field Needs Aid to
Grow Silage Yearly
Ohio Experiment Station
Shows Practice Possible.
Hauling green corn from the field
to the silo is an expensive part of the
storage of silage, and tlie distance
which the corn must be transported
has much to do with tlie cost of tlie
silage, especially in hilly country.
Where only a single field is located
near the silo, the question arises as
to whether silage corn can be grown
upon it each year.
On the Belmont county experiment
farm a block of land near the silo
lias been growing silage corn cintinu
ously since 1917. Walter Mahan, su¬
perintendent of the farm, and J. S.
Cutler, assistant in agronomy at tlie
Ohio agricultural experiment station,
have reported on results of the prac¬
tice.
Their conclusion is that where si¬
lage corn is to be grown continuously
on one field, tlie fertility program
should he so planned as to meet tlie
fertilizer needs of the crop and at the
same time maintain the supply of or¬
ganic matter in tiie soil. Such a pro¬
gram should include tlie libera) appli¬
cation of well-cared-for manure, to¬
gether with both broadcast and hill
or row fertilizer applications for corn
and the growing of some sort of cover
crop on tlie land over winter.
A forlilizer treatment of eight to ten
tons of manure and a broadcast appli¬
cation of 200 to 250 pounds per acre
of 20 per cent superphosphate and a
row application of 100 or 200 pounds of
complete fertilizer with a formula of
2-10-6, is suggested. Such cover crops
as rye, and rye and vetch, have proved
satisfactory.
Fruit Orchard Demands
Ample Nitrogen Supply
Speaking recently before the Quebec
Horticultural society in Montreal,
Prof. J. H. Gourle.v, chief horticul¬
turist of tlie Ohio Experiment station,
called attention to the striking de¬
mand that orchards make for nitrogen,
particularly sod or mulched orchards.
In discussing practical fertilizer
practices, based on Ohio conditions.
Professor Gourley said: "Our prac¬
tice is to apply approximately a quar¬
ter of a pound of nitrate of soda for
each year of a tree's age, so that a
four-yenr-old tree receives one pound
and a twenty-year-old tree five pounds.
This is broadcast or sown beneath Hie
outer branches.”
lie called attention to orchard ex¬
periments in which complete fer¬
tilizers are used in comparison with
nitrogen only. “Tlie evidence in favor
of the former,” he said, “is so meager
and unconvincing in most cases as
to have led horticulturists generally
to confine their recommendations to
nitrogen beneath tile trees and to
phosphorus between tlie tree rows for
tlie benefit of the grass or cover crop.’’
As regards quality. Professor Gour¬
ley mentioned experiments in progress
which show that “fruit from trees
highly fertilized with nitrate of soda
lias kept as well as Hint from trees
receiving normal treatment.”
Two Types of Insects
Causing Garden Damage
Many a beautiful flower garden and
a highly satisfactory stand of vege¬
tables has been partially or totally
destroyed by attack^ of insect and
fungus pests which might easily have
been controlled. Roughly speaking,
the insect enemies are divided Into
two groups, those that eat holes in
(he foliage and those that suck out
the juices. For tlie first named,
poison is usually applied, while tlie
suckers are attacked with a burning
spray which penetrates their hides.
Often when both are present a com¬
bination of poison and something that
burns such as lime, sulphur and ar¬
senate gives Hie best results.
Agricultural Notes
To produce economically, a cow
must make a large flow of milk.
♦ ♦ ♦
Practically the same methods fol¬
lowed for Sudan grass will do for
millet.
A shelterbelt saves fuel and pre¬
vents the overworking of a home heat¬
ing plant.
* * *
Many farmers leave alfalfa too long
in the windrow, and the leaves dry
and drop off. Some leave it too long
in cocks.
» * »
It is estimated that tlie effect of
phosphate and potash fertilizers may
lie seen four or live years after Hie
first application.
* * *
In average seasons alfalfa is Letter
sown in tiie fall. Good stands ob¬
tained in early fall are usually safe
from winter billing.
♦ * *
The newly-born calf should have the
milk for tlie first few days. This is
the colostrum milk, and aids in putting
tlie digestive system of tlie calf in good
working order.
• • •
Rag storage is a safe method only
if tlie potatoes can he kept dry. One
disadvantage of this type of storage
is that in the event of any of tlie po¬
tatoes developing rot it will be neces
sary to resack the entire lot to ascer
tain tlie amount of damage present.
Champion
holds
World’s Records
in every
field
f <1 OC*
Qb, n; ^
c 0
.
Getting a Husband
‘‘What a girl needs in life is soma
good right arm to protect her.”
“And if she doesn’t happen to land
a good right arm, a southpaw will
do.”
Many a good golf shot has been
ruined by a passing thought of busi¬
ness.
MEDITERRANEAN $600to$1730 Cruise lan. 29
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EUROPiSSS?
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Health Giving
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Start at Home
“I’m taking reducing exercises, Rob¬
ert,” said Mrs. Winkiey.
“I wish you could induce the house¬
hold expenses to join you,” responded
her harassed husband. — Montreal
Star.
Don’t waste words when talking to
a woman; cut your story short and let
her do the talking.
MOTHER!
Clean Child's Bowels with
"California Fig Syrup”
nurry, Mother! Even constipated
bilious, feverish, or sick, colic Babie*
and Children love to take genuito
"California Fig Syrup.’’ No other lax
ative regulates the tender little bowel?
so nicely. It sweetens the stomach aiic
starts the liver and bowels withonJ
griping. Contains no narcotics or sooth
ing drugs. Say "California” to yotn
druggist and avoid counterfeits. In
sist upon genuine "California Fff
Syrup” which contains directions.
