News Review of Current
Events the World Over
United States Goes Off the Gold Standard and Moves To¬
ward Inflation—Secretary Perkins Asks
Federal Control of Industry.
By EDWARD W. PICKARD
“W ’ ' was 15 ARE the off terse the but s° ld momentous standard,”
announcement by Secretary of the
Treasury Woodin as he returned to
President
Roosevelt
policy of “controlled Inflation.” Mr.
Roosevelt himself calls this policy a
program for control of commodity
price levels and says it is designed
to raise prices but to keep them from
going too far up. He gave assurance
that there would be no resort to
"printing press money.”
Senators Thomas, Byrnes and Pitt¬
man drafted the measure to carry out
the President’s plan, and it was
promptly introduced in the senate as
an amendment to the pending farm
relief bill. It provides:
1. For expansion of credit up to $3,
000,000,000 through purchase of gov¬
ernment obligations by the federal re¬
serve banks. (This means the purchase
in the open market of government
bonds and was tried in the Hoover ad¬
ministration.)
2. As an alternative, for the inflation
of the currency by issuance of green¬
backs up to $3,000,000,000 under the act
of 1862, such currency to be legal ten¬
der for all debts, public and private.
3. For use of such greenbacks to
meet maturing government obligations
and to purchase government obliga¬
tions.
4. For retirement of such greenbacks
at the rate of 4 per cent a year.
6. For reduction of the gold content
of the dollar not more than 50 per cent
for the purpose of protecting American
foreign trade from the effects of depre¬
ciated foreign currencies and to enable
the President to negotiate an interna¬
tional agreement stabilizing monetary
standards.
6. For acceptance of war debt pay¬
ments up to an aggregate of $100,000,
000 in silver at a value of not more
than 50 cents an ounce.
7. For coinage of such silver and de¬
posit in the treasury for redemption of
silver certificates issued against it, such
certificates to be used for paying obli¬
gations of the United States.
Secretary Woodin drew up the or¬
der concerning gold exportation. Un¬
der it no gold Is allowed to leave the
country except that earmarked for
foreign account before April 15 and
such amounts as are required to save
American business men from loss on
commitments in foreign trade incurred
prior to the proclamation of tbe new
policy.
The United States thus has placed
itself on the same footing as Great
Britain and many other foreign na¬
tions. Its money is unstable in value
in international trade. It was pointed
out that Mr. Roosevelt could now with
greater propriety propose that all
nations go back to the gold standard
together.
Effects of our plunge Into the Infla¬
tion pool were immediate. Prices on
the stock exchanges and especially in
the commodity markets went up with
a rush and trading was heavier than
for many months. Millions of dollars
were added to the farm value of all
grains, and cotton and sugar also
moved upward, as did provisions.
On the London and Paris exchanges
the dollar sank decidedly. Neither the
British nor the French were pleased
with the President’s action. The Lon¬
don Daily Telegraph said: “Following
America’s latest action a demand will
arise in every country for fresh de¬
preciation so that exporters may not
lose their power of competition in
world markets. The new task of the
statesmen is to prevent a chaotic proc¬
ess of competitive depreciation of cur¬
rencies.”
i pOLlCIES tration are of being the Roosevelt expanded adminis- and
ex¬
tended so fast and so far that con¬
and the
able to keep up with
the pace set. One of
the broadest and most
revolutionary of its
proposals was submit¬
ted to the house com¬
mittee on labor by
Secretary of Labor
Frances Perkins in
the form of a draft
bill offered as a sub¬
stitute for Senator
Black's 30-hour week
measure which was
passed by the senate
Connery
house bill. It is designed to give the
federal government full control not
only over the hours of labor but also
over industrial production and prices.
The passage of this legislation and of
the pending farm marketing bill would
make Secretaries Perkins and Wallace
virtual dictators over the economic
life of the nation.
The legal basis of the labor bill Is
to be found in the interstate commerce
•lause of the Constitution and in the
"unfair competition” sections of the
federal trade act.
It is upon these legal powers that
from a
conference with Pres¬
ident Roosevelt; and
at the same time the
White House gave out
the news that the
Chief Executive had
placed an embargo on
the further export of
gold, permitting the
dollar to depreciate
in foreign exchange,
and was ready to ask
congress for authority
to put into action his
Secretary
Perkins
the secretary of labor Is to depend
to exercise the following authority:
1. To prohibit from Interstate com¬
merce articles produced by any indus¬
try working its labor more than 30
hours a week or more than six hours
In any one day. Milk and cream are
exempted; executives and managers are
exempted; and certain exemptions are
made In the cases of seasonal or oth¬
er emergencies. Boards are set up to
regulate such exemptions.
2. To limit and if necessary pro¬
hibit from Interstate commerce the
production of any plant or industrial
group which is overproducing.
3. To investigate wages’ through a
wage board, to fix and impose mini¬
mum fair wages; to publish the names
of employers failing to raise wages in
accordance with a direct order to do
so: and to prohibit from interstate
commerce goods produced by any em¬
ployer refusing to comply with a
wage order.
T> IGHT now the- eyes of the world
are turned on Washington, for
the series of talks between President
Roosevelt and representatives of many
other nations have begun, and if the
hopes of the Chief Executive are real¬
ized they will result in the finding of
a way out of the world depression.
Prime Minister J. Ramsay Mac¬
Donald was the first of the visitors
to arrive and the first to confer,xvith
Mr. Roosevelt and Secretary of State
Hull. Edouard Herriot, former pre¬
mier of France, was close on Mac¬
Donald’s heels, and the others are
scheduled to follow rapidly. No one
of the "conversationalists” is empow¬
ered to really decide anything, but all
of them are free to express the views
of their respective governments on
economic matters. It was understood
that MacDonald would not talk much
about the war debts, but Herriot was
authorized to state France’s position
on that subject.
The whole series of conversations in
Washington is a preliminary to the
coming world economic conference,
and the hope of President Roosevelt
and Secretary Hull is that the way
can be paved for rehabilitation of the
world by the lowering of trade bar¬
riers and monetary stabilization. They
will gladly abandon America’s tradi¬
tional high tariff policy if the other
nations are willing to co-Qperate and
reciprocate.
T> EPUBLICAN postmasters who have
IN demonstrated their efficiency are
to be permitted to complete their
terms. So announces Postmaster
eral James A. Farley,
to the joy of several
thousand G. O. P. of¬
fice holders and the
corresponding dismay
of a great army of
Democrats who would
like the jobs. Mr.
Farley says his party
has long stood for the
civil service system
of competitive exam¬
inations and “will not
abandon that
ground,” so he gives out this message:
“No incumbent whose term has not
yet expired and who has been render¬
ing loyal and efficient service to the
government need have the slightest
fear of removal. It will be the policy
of the Post Office department to allow
every efficient postmaster to fill out
his term.”
District attorneys, marshals and
collectors are not under civil service
and in time these places probably will
be filled with deserving Democrats.
Also there are hundreds of vacancies
in the postmasterships to be filled im¬
mediately, and these will be filled as
soon as Mr. Farley’s department has
completed a study of examination
methods.
The postmaster general makes the
welcome assertion that the United
States post office is going to pay its
way hereafter. He aims to save $72,
000,000 in the coming fiscal year, and
this, he believes, will suffice to bal¬
ance the postal budget.
J JAPAN’S their advance armies south in China of the continued
great
wall, driving before them disorganized
or traitorous Chinese troops. The
Japanese at latest reports had occu¬
pied the entire triangle between the
wall and the Lw.aa .river, with its base
on the gulf of, Pohai, and were moving
onward toward Tientsin. They crossed
the river near • Lwanchow and bom¬
barded that city and the surrounding
region. There was great alarm in
Tientsin, where some 400 Americans,
mostly business men and their fam¬
ilies, reside.
When the Japanese started their
push into the undisputed Chinese ter¬
ritory south of the great wall the
Lwan river was set as the limit. But
the Japanese command now has an¬
nounced that they will continue the
pursuit as far as the Chinese con¬
tinue to set up defenses. The Jap¬
anese authorities deny, however, that
they intend to occupy Peiping and
Tientsin. Their apparent plan is to
create a buffer area out of the triangle
to facilitate the consolidation of the
newly conquered province of Jehol.
They have gained control of all the im¬
portant passes through the great wall
on the southern border of Jehol and
the gates have been sealed and heavy
guards placed at them.
/CUBA’S ^ political disorders, murders
and bombings, of which much has
been written in recent months, have
finally engaged the attention of the ad¬
Rep. Fish
a time Mr. Hull seemed
averse to auy interference, but Mr.
Roosevelt started things by calling the
Cuban ambassador, Don Oscar B. Cin
tas, to the White House for a discus¬
sion of the situation. The ambassador
also conferred with Sumner Welles,
assistant secretary of state, and then
Mr. Welles went to the White House
for Instructions.
Mr. Roosevelt has no desire to or¬
der military intervention in the affairs
of Cuba, which he could do under the
Platt amendment, holding that this
would cost us a lot of money and be¬
sides would enrage President Machado
and create an unpleasant diplomatic
situation. Therefore his present plan
is to take steps to redeem the island’s
financial situation, which is wretched,
and to relieve the unemployment and
discontent that are at the bottom of
Cuba’s difficulties. He and the State
department wis'h to increase the sugar
imports from Cuba by granting sub¬
stantial reductions to the island on
the sugar tariff. This, naturally, will
not please the domestic cane and beet
sugar industries, whose representatives
are nervously watching developments.
There is a genuine rear among some
officials in Washington that opponents
to President Machado will, in their ef¬
forts to overthrow his regime, perpe¬
trate some outrage against American
interests in Cuba, thus raising a sit¬
uation in which the United States
might be compelled to intervene.
AMBASSADOR JOSEPHUS DAN
** iels reached Mexico City under
heavy military guard and after one
attempt was made to wreck his train.
Immediately after his arrival in the
capital the unofficial critics there of
his appointment let it be known that
they had had a change of heart and
no longer were hostile. Mr. Daniels was
formally received by Foreign Minister
Casaurane, with whom he had a long
and pleasant chat, and later presented
bis credentials to President Rodriguez.
“Mr. Daniels made a magnificent im¬
pression on me,” Casaurane said.
"While it was simply a courtesy call,
we had a very agreeable chat, discuss¬
ing topics of general interest in eco¬
nomic, educational, and social fields.”
“I had a very interesting and de¬
lightful visit,” Mr. Daniels said. “The
foreign minister was very gracious. I
propose to avail myself of his hospi¬
tality often.”
\/f OSCOW’S famous trial of six Brit
IN-I ish engineers and eleven Russians
on charges of espionage, sabotage and
bribery ended in the conviction of five
of the Britons and ten of the Rus¬
sians. L. C. Thornton was sentenced
to three years in prison; W. H. Mac¬
Donald, who pleaded guilty, to two
years; Allan Monkhouse, John Cushny
and Charles Nordvvall were ordered
deported; A. W. Gregory was acquit¬
ted. The ten Russians were given
prison terms up to ten years. There
was nothing surprising in the outcome
unless it were the mildness of the pen¬
alties inflicted.
The British government, which had
been watching the case with intense
interest, struck back at the Soviet
union promptly. King George and the
privy council declared an 80 per cent
embargo on Russian imports and the
Metropolitan Vickers Electrical Equip¬
ment company, employer of the con¬
victed men, ordered an immediate ap¬
peal in behalf of the two defendants
who were sent to prison.
IV1 A/lYRON C. TAYLOR, cliairmai
the United States Steel corp
tion, has added his voice to the eh
of industrial executives who
J. A. Farley
the course of the de¬
pression has turned.
At tbe annual meet¬
ing of stockholders in
Hoboken, Mr. Taylor,
who is noted in the
financial district for
the cautiousness of
his utterances, de¬
clared :
“Better times are
ahead.”
And in support of
the fact that the corporation wa
crating at 21 per cent of capacity
first time that operations have rea
this level since March, 1932.
Following his address Mr. T
presented to the meeting a motic
a stockholder for a vote of conflt
in the Roosevelt administration
was carried without dissent by a s
ing vote.
0 UTH BRYAN OWEN, the new min
Tv ister to Denmark and the first
American woman to be given such a
diplomatic post, has told the newspa¬
per men that she intends to serve beer
in the legation in Copenhagen, which
is something for the daughter of Wil¬
liam Jennings Bryan, lifelong advocate
of prohibition.
“Yes,” she said, “I will serve 3.2 per
cent beer. It is in keeping with the
law of my own country and the custom
of the land to which I am going. But
1 don’t consider that important. I am
really interested in the progressive de¬
velopment in Denmark which I hope
to study for my country.”
©, 1933, WeBtern Newspaper Union.
CLEVELAND COURIER
1 n g t o n. Representa¬
tive Hamilton Fish of
New York has been
urging our govern¬
ment to employ diplo¬
matic intervention to
end the “reign of ter¬
ror,” and said he
would formally de¬
mand that Secretary
Hull take such a step
unless the adminis¬
tration got busy very
M.C.Tayl
GEORGIA
NEWS
Happenings Over
the State
South Georgia farmers feel increas¬
ing concern over the appearance of a
small worm that feeds on the lower
leaves of tobacco plants with great
damage.
The convocation of the grand chap¬
ter of Georgia Royal Arch Masons and
the grand council of Royal and Se¬
lect Masters was held in Macon on
April 26.
The appointment of Mrs. F. P. Coop¬
er as postmistress at Tignall is the
first in Wilkes county under the
administration. Mrs. Cooper took
charge of the office on April 18.
Bulloch county saved $48,383 in op¬
erating expenses last year as com¬
pared with 1931, the annual audit
shows. The saving was made in the
face of a $23,719 decrease in income.
The Atlanta city school system has
recently received $22,090 as its share
of the discounted rentals of the Wes¬
tern & Atlantic railroad, according to
Superintendent of Schools M. D. Col¬
lins. /
The two women members of the
Georgia house of representatives, Mrs.
Wheeler Tolbert, of Columbus, and
Mrs. Helen Williams Coxon, of Lu
dowici, say the beer issue should be
decided in this state by referendum.
Marvin Cox, of Waynesboro, secre¬
tary to Representative Homer C. Par¬
ker, of the first Georgia congressional
district, has been elected president of
the District of Columbia division of
the Young Democratic Clubs of Amer¬
ica.
The Savannah Chapter of Sons of
Confederate Veterans have drafted a
request to Governor Talmadge that
he include the question of revenue for
Confederate pensions in any call he
might make for a special session of
the legislature.
Shades of the gay nineties! The
women and girls of Tliomasville have
revived grandmother’s fad of riding
bicycle and they’re at it with plenty
of vim, vigor and vitality. Most any
hour of the day groups can be seen
pedaling through the streets.
Greater and more widely distributed
refrigeration facilities in Georgia, in
order that markets may more satis¬
factorily use the increasing supply of
Georgia-grown beef, were urged at
Athens recently by W. T. Bennett, of
the Georgia agricultural extension
service.
The 1933 graduating class of the
Elberton high school left April 19 for
a sight-seeing trip to Washington, ac¬
companied by members of the school
faculty and several patrons of the
school. This is to be an annual trip
as a part of the educational course
of the school.
Location of a new hosiery mill in
Gainesville, which will employ ap¬
proximately 200, with a payroll of
more than $100,000 annually, was as¬
sured recently when citizens of
Gainesville agreed to furnish a site
and erect a suitable building at an
estimated cost of $5,000.
Information as to the Indians that
were once residents of Chattooga
county, the first settlers of the coun¬
ty, the founding of the towns of Sum¬
merville, Lyerly, Trion and Menlo, and
much other information pertaining
to the county is being sought by Pro¬
fessor J. H. Cook, of Summerville.
Division of Georgia into three dis¬
tricts as a means of enlarging fores¬
try extension work has been announc¬
ed by the extension service of the
University of Georgia. Federal and
state forestry agencies and the uni¬
versity extension service is co-oper¬
ating to make the new work a suc¬
cess, J. Phil Campbell, head of the
extension service, lias said.
O. C. Skinner, industrial superin¬
tendent of Berry College, has announc¬
ed that the Berry schools will oper¬
ate a cannery this summer to further
their program of self-sustenance. He
said fruits and vegetables from orch¬
ards and gardens maintained by the
school will be preserved for winter
use, along with farm products given
by students in exchange for their tui¬
tion.
It would seem in the light of the
past history of the schools of Geor¬
gia, that our greatest need is an en¬
tire reorganization of onr state schools
that would set up a statewide system
having control over the policies and
regulations necessary to enforce the
statewide code and to equalize educa¬
tional opportunities throughout the
state,” declared Ralph Newton, super¬
intendent of the Waycross public
schools.
The annual convention of the Geor¬
gia Medical Association will be held
at Macon May 9, 10, 11 and 12. Dr.
C. H. Richardson, Jr., of Macon, will
be installed as President, succeeding
Dr. M. M. Head, of Zebulon,
Hamilton Lokey. Atlanta, and Mor¬
gan Goodheart, Adairsville, will rep¬
resent Phi Kappa and Demosthenian
literary societies, respectively, in
their annual anniversary exercises at
the University of Georgia on the
morning of April 27. These exercises
mark the high spot in the university’s
forensic activities.
Farm Horses Not
to Be “Jobless”
Illinois Agriculturists to Use
Teams to Cut Cost
and Eat Grain.
By E. T. Robbins. Livestock Extension Spe¬
cialist. University of Illinois.
WNU Service.
There will be no such thing as un¬
employment for the 902,000 horses
and mules on Illinois farms this year,
for farmers are going to use them to
the limit as a source of economical
power. gathered at meet¬
Whenever farmers discussed
ings during the winter, they
the savings made by working their
horses steadily last year, and they are
going to do It again this season. For
one thing, this saved expense. In ad¬
dition the horses and mules ate about
22,500,000 bushels of corn, or about
one-seventeenth of the 1932 crop, and
36,000,000 bushels of oats, or more
than one-fifth of the 1932 crop. Other¬
wise this grain would have gone on an
already overcrowded market and at
best would have sold for less than
the cost of production. Increased
Farmers’ interest in the
use of horses was evident more than
a year ago when a survey at county
live stock schools indicated that one
third of those enrolled used five or
more horses in one team for plowing
and other heavy field work. The
farmers had found that any implement
can be pulled easily if enough horses
are hitched to It.
This past winter fnrmers expressed
a still greater determination to let the
horses do their bit to furnish an out¬
let for cheap grain and thus cut down
cash costs for farm work. One farmer
of McLean county, for Instance, plowed
about 200 acres last year with an
eight-horse team. He says that this
team is going to enable him to do most
of his field work alone this year. In
this way he hopes to keep operation
costs more nearly in line with farm
Income.
Farmers are making eveners, buck
ropes and tie chains to use this
spring.
Corked Over Potatoes
Will Germinate Earlie
Cutting seed potatoes two weeks b(
fore planting and then keeping then
under the right conditions to cork ovet
will bring about earlier germination,
more even growth, and Increased yield,
the United States Department of Ag¬
riculture announces.
Although many growers cut the seed
several days before planting, the seed
sometimes decays. The department
says this is largely because the cut
seed is not kept under the right con¬
ditions. Tiie department found that
the seed gave best results when It
was kept at a temperature of 60 de¬
grees F. and at a relative humidity of
87 per cent. Most farmers can easily
bring the temperature of their potato
storage room to the right point by
using an oil stove or some other heat¬
ing method. For practical purposes, if
the air is fairly moist, the humidity will
be about right. Putting wet burlap
bags on the floor or hanging them up
help keep the air moist. The seed
be treated before cutting.
After the seed potatoes are cut they
may be placed in barrels or sacks until
ready for planting. They should not
be spread out. as they do not cork
properly when spread out
Dairy Bam Insulation
The next few years will see a rapid
advance in design of dairy bams with
insulation as the primary factor. Sub¬
barns will be remodeled to
take care of live stock with far great¬
profit and less care to the farmer.
Insulation is essential in hog houses,
at farrowing time. Profit
hog raising is only possible when
greatest number of each litter is
brought to maturity and sold at high¬
prices. A large percentage of the
of little pigs is traceable directly
cold farrowing houses. The little
pigs crowd close to the mother for
she moves and crushes them.
farrowing is also made possible
insulation and this early farrow¬
enables the swine raiser to get
weight on animals in time
for highest prices.—Farm Journal.
Trench Silos
A herd of from six to fifteen mature
cows is best adapted for using the
trench silo, due to the cost of building
vertical silo. As a usual thing the
from the larger herds will be
to take care of this overhead
Silage can also be removed
from the vertical type much easier
from the trench, and where there
Is a large herd to feed this added
labor will make some difference. There
no difference in the silos as far as
preservation of the silage Is con¬
cerned. except in the nature of the
land. On low flat country, where wa¬
ter has a tendency to rise in the
trench, this form of silo Is not prae
tical.
Feeding Farm Horse
The bureau of animal industry says
that under good corn belt conditions it.
requires approximately 2% acres to
produce a year’s food for a farm horse
having an average weight of 1,350
The amount of food eaten by
horse in a year and consequently the
of acres required to produce
is, of course, variable, depending on
amount of work a horse does and
the productivity of the land. The
is, however, a good average fig¬
ure for fertile land.
Wise Mother Is
Firm With Child
By HELEN GREGG GREEN
National Kindergarten Association.
HALF A MIND
A little school niarm was speak¬
ing to the mother of a pupil about
her son’s poor work in school.
“Well,” sighed the mother, “11
really don’t know what to do. I’ve
told Ronald he’ll have to stay away
from the movies this week and
study, and I’ve half a mind to stick
to it.”
Half a mind! There lies the trou¬
ble with many mothers.
When you’re a half-a-mind mother,
your children soon find It out and
when they discover the fact, how
your discipline will suffer!
I recently overheard two boys talk¬
ing. swimming,’’
“Come on, let’s go in
James coaxed.
Eddie grinned, but shook his head.
“Can’t Sorry! But Mom said, ‘Not
today!’ ”
“Aw, shucks, Eddie, come on! Your
mother’ll forget what she said. Mine
usually does. Half the time she
doesn’t mean it.”
“No, my mother won’t,” Eddie an¬
swered firmly. “She doesn't lay down
the law very often, but believe me,
when she does, she means it!”
“Oh, well. I’m going. My mother
told me not to. Said she would spank
me if I did, but she won’t. At least.”
hesitatingly. “I don’t think she will.
Sometimes she means what she says,
and sometimes she doesn't.” And off
James shambled.
What a contrast between the
mothers of these two boys, and how
much better the effect of firmness*!
I don’t believe in nagging children;
and I don’t believe In giving perfunc¬
tory orders and rebukes every few
minutes. But I most firmly do believe
in meaning what you say, and having
a good mind of your own.
Occasionally yon will change your
mind about something. In that case
it is wise to explain to your boy or
girl just why you did so.
Your children will respect you
more, and you will be a more suc¬
cessful parent If you are not the
vacillating, half-a-mind type. And
the matter of discipline will be much
easier and pleasanter, and everybody
will be happier.
Dr. Pierce's Pellets are best for liver,
bowels and stomach. One little Pellet for
a laxative—three for a cathartic.—Adv.
Much in the Thought
If you don’t always think that you
ought to be having a good time,
you’ll have a better one.
RHEUMATISM
dc ihiA.
Get some genuine tablets of Bayer
Aspirin and take them freely until
you are entirely free from pain.
The tablets of Bayer manufacture
cannot hurt you. They do not depress
the heart. And they have been proven
twice as effective as salicylates in
relief of rheumatic pain at any stage.
Don’t go through another season
of suffering from rheumatism, or
any neuritic pain. And never suffer
needlessly from neuralgia, neuritis, or
other conditions which Bayer Aspirin
will relieve so surely and so swiftly.
Odd Indictment
We are very apt in blaming the
faults of others, but very slow in
making use of them to correct our
own.—La Rochefoucauld.
Found ANSWER
TO UGLY PIMPLES
T?VEN that when she knew
. ished skin unsightly, blem¬
her was hurting
find popularity she helped. could
—until nothing friend that
a hinted
vised •‘constipation” NR Tablets and (Na¬ ad¬
ture’s Remedy). They
toned and strengthened
the entire eliminative tract
—rid her system of poison¬
ous wastes thoroughly, natn
ished, rally. Soon skin blotches van¬
Try this pale safe, cheeks glowed again.
vegetable dependable, all
Non- laxative and corrective
A unignt.
At ^ druggists’
TUMS"
WNU—7 17—351
