Nations of the World
There are 60 nations listed in
the world, including 58 members
of the League of Nations and 11
nations outside it.
League members include:
Australia, Afghanistan, Austria, Albania, Belgium, Argentina',
Bulgaria, Bc>
livia, Canada, Chili, Co¬
lombia, Cuba, Czechoslovakia,
Denmark, Esthonia, Dominica, Ethiopia, Ecuador] Finland]
Haiti, France, Honduras, Greece, Hungary, Guatemala,’
Iraq, Irish Free Inaia,
Liberia, State, Italy,
Latvia, Lithuania, Lux¬
emburg, Mexico, Netherlands,
New Zealand, Nicaragua, Nor¬
way, Panama, Paraguay, Persia,
Peru, Poland, Portugal, Ru¬
mania, Salvador, Siam, South
Africa, Spain, Soviet Russia,
Sweden, Switzerland, T u r k-e y,
United Kingdom, Uruguay, Vene¬
zuela, Yugoslavia. Nations out¬
side the league include B r a z il,
Costa Rica, Egypt, Germany, Ice¬
land, Japan, Nepal, Saudi Arabia,
Hedjaz, Tibet and the United
States.
Letters on Airplanes
The letter “C” preceding the
number on an airplane is used
for commercially licensed aircraft
not used solely for governmental
purposes or belonging to states or
their subdivisions, nor engaged
ih racing or experimental work or
specially licensed for other pur¬
poses. The letter “N” must pre¬
cede the license symbol and num¬
ber on licensed aircraft engaged
in foreign air commerce and, at
the option of the owner, may
precede it on other licensed air¬
craft, provided that aircraft li¬
censed for experimental purposes
shall not display the letter “N.”—
Detroit News.
Fellowship
Fellowship is heaven, and lack
of fellowship is hell; fellowship is
life, and lack of fellowship is
death; and the deeds that ye do
upon the earth, it is for fellow¬
ship’s sake that ye do them—
William Morris.
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NATIONAL
CAPITAL
By Carter Field
Washington.—The Democratic and
Republican organizations alike are
proving again this year what every
politician knows—that presidential
campaigns are the most wasteful
form of activity known to man, sur¬
passing even the red tape, wasted
energy, duplication of activities and
poor judgment of government it¬
self.
A very wise politician once told
the writer that 90 cents out of every
dollar spent in a presidential cam¬
paign is wasted. That is still true.
No one has much idea at this mo¬
ment how much the two major
parties will spend before the cam¬
paign is over. Reported figures do
not give much idea. There will be
big spending later. Moreover, there
is big spending by all sorts o" agen¬
cies, which do not directly tie in to
the national organization, and much
spending by amateurs on sidelines.
The probability is that not less
than ten million dollars will be spent
altogether, and, if the old politician
mentioned is right, nine millions of
that will be wasted.
Nine million dollars is not much
waste if one thinks in terms of fed¬
eral government spending. And it
has the redeeming side that no one
has to pay for any part of it if he or
she does not want to do so. But
there is something about this waste
which shocked such a mind as that
of Calvin (ioolidge, who in 1924 put
his friend William M. Butler in
charge for the main purpose of
holding the costs down—knowing all
the time, incidentally, that Butler
knew very little about politics, but
a great deal about business effi¬
ciency.
Yet even in that campaign, with
an efficient business man in charge,
and with no real necessity of doing
anything whatever, literally millions
of dollars were wasted.
Redistributed, if you like. For of
course the money spent went mostly
for salaries, postage (which helped
the Postoffice Department’s deficit
and thereby helped keep taxes
down), printing, etc. There weren’t
many special trains. Coolidge didn’t
think much of them!
Consider Pamphlets
In a close battle, such as this one
is, however, the difficulty about
eliminating waste is that so few
people really know what does count
in changing votes and what does
not. In considering the question, one
can dismiss the really effective work
—that of a local political organiza¬
tion getting the voters registered
and to the polls on election day.
Most of that does not figure in the
reports of campaign expenses, any¬
how.
But consider pamphlets! This
writer has been touring the country
during presidential campaigns since
1920. In every campaign the closing
days have found tons of pamphlets,
prepared at prodigious effort and
after all sorts of wrangling over
texts, standing in unopened pack¬
ages at local headquarters in states,
cities or counties.
With a moment’s thought the
directing head in either political
headquarters would know that most
of these pamphlets would meet this
fate. Yet they were delayed until
it was physically impossible for
them to be distributed as their au¬
thors fondly imagined they would
be, and then rushed out when there
remained no possible chance of
their finding their way into the
hands of the mythical undecided
voter who, by reading it, might be
influenced.
Even the much discussed cam¬
paign textbook rarely appears, even
in national headquarters, until well
into September. Yet it is supposed
to guide speakers who have been
busy since early August! And who
by the time it appears have long
since discovered what points make
hits with their audiences, and what
do not.
And there remains the point that
nobody really knows whether any
pamphlet ever changed a vote.
There is a known case, about twenty
years ago, where a speech in the
senate changed a vote, so maybe
pamphlets also do.
Case of Talmadge
“Mad Democrats” beat wise¬
cracking, rough talking Eugene
Talmadge, most colorful southern
governor for many years, in his
race for the Georgia senatorship
against Senator Richard B. Russell,
Jr.
Talmadge, according to shrewd
Georgia politicians, went out on a
limb and sawed it off. He was on
safe ground as long as he merely
followed the lead of Senators Carter
Glass and Harry F. Byrd of Vir¬
ginia, and Millard E. Tydings of
Maryland. They merely criticized
what the New Deal did. They didn’t
intimate that they were opposed to
the re-election of President Roose¬
velt. In fact, they stated the con¬
trary. Moreover, they didn’t accept |
what is generally regarded as help |
from Republican sources in any lo¬
cal contests.
Talmadge did. I
One of the weakest spots in Tal- •
CLEVELAND COURIER
made’s armor again citing in¬
formation obtained from well in¬
formed and, strangely enough, dis¬
interested Georgia sources, was the
fact that the American Liberty
League spent more than $40,000 in
his behalf.
To show how curious this situation
is, let’s look at a little happening
in the campaign for the Democratic
gubernatorial nomination. Right at
the height of the bitterness, the sup¬
porters of Charles D. Redwine
charged that E. D. Rivers, another
candidate, had flirted with the Re¬
publicans. They produced affidavits
seeming to prove that Rivers had
been willing to make a race for Con¬
gress on the Republican ticket pro¬
viding he was supplied with $25,000.
Now at first blush that would seem
to have been a haymaker, as our
pugilistic friends would put it.
Especially, as seems to have been
the case, if it were true, and that
Rivers would not dare deny it!
Why He Lost
What happened was that the
Rivers people demanded indig¬
nantly to know what the Redwine
people meant by getting affidavits
from Republicans! What, the Rivers
spokesmen asked, did the Redwine
people mean by consorting with Re¬
publicans, and getting information
about Democrats from them? And
finally, what were the Republicans
injecting themselves into a Demo¬
cratic primary for? Were they at¬
tempting to tell the Democrats
whom to nominate?
It may sound crazy to northern
and western readers, but it worked.
Four country papers, which had
been supporting Redwine, were so
disgusted with this apparent al¬
liance between the Redwine forces
and the Republicans that they
switched their support to Rivers!
And to this day Rivers has never
denied that he offered to run for
Congress on the Republican ticket
if they would give him $25,000.
It’s a little difficult to draw any
logical analogy, but it’s there. Tal¬
madge made his great mistake tak¬
ing himself all the way out of the
Democratic party, and by having
aid in a Democratic primary from
Republicans. He lost. Rivers flirted
with the Republicans first, but
sternly rebuked his Democratic op¬
ponent when that opponent sought
to inject Republican artillery into
a Democratic primary.
Actually the most amazing thing
is the huge vote that Talmadge
rolled up. He was beaten slightly
less than two to one. One Demo¬
cratic voter out of every three, in
short, approved the man who has
been rougher in his criticism of
Franklin D. Roosevelt and the New
Deal than any Republican speaker
in this campaign.
All of which means nothing, so
far as electoral votes are concerned.
Not a single state south of the
Potomac and Ohio rivers will go
for Landon. On the contrary all will
go for Roosevelt by bang-up major¬
ities. The Republicans, nationally,
have been kidding themselves about
the South ever since 1928. There is
no such religious issues this year.
Tenant Farm Problem
Two solutions of the tenant farm
problem are being seriously con¬
sidered, on an absolutely non-par¬
tisan basis, by farm leaders in the
Middle West who believe that tenant
and share-crop farming are little
short of a curse.
This situation has been ag¬
gravated by city people buying
farms as life-preservers against the
possibility of a currency inflation
which would wipe out or curtail the
value of all “dollar” investments,
such as bonds, bank deposits, life
insurance, mortgage, etc., which
specify the number of dollars.
One of these has worked rather
successfully, they claim, in Britain
and Ireland, in the drive to break
up big estates and absentee land¬
lordism. Whether it would be con¬
stitutional in this country is open to
grave question.
This plan involves appraisals of
farms—not only their sales price at
any given time, but on their yield
value. Valuations thus determined
would be the figures set at which
tenants could buy the farms they
are operating, rather than the price
to which land might be boosted due
to the present wave of city folks
buying farms as an anchor to wind¬
ward against inflation.
Under the British - Irish system
now being studied by farm leaders
the value is not definitely fixed, but
is flexible. Thus, if there should be
a wide swing in the prices of farm
products, which might take the
yield value of the farm up or down,
adjustments would be made to meet
this.
Tough Hurdle
The tough hurdle to get over is
the forcing of people who did not
want to sell their property to sell at
a price thus determined. To which
answer is made by those advocating
the plan that they would not have
to sell; they could come and live on
the farms themselves if they chose,
in which case there would be no
move to force them to dispose of
their property.
The other plan being studied in¬
volves less constitutional difficulty,
but still contains quite a little.
This would be to have two sepa¬
rate rates of state and local tax¬
ation on farms. One would be for
farm owners who lived on their
farms. The other would be for land¬
lords. Naturally in this system the
proposal is that the man who lives
on his own farm would be made a
much lower rate of taxation than
the man who owns the farm but
rents it to a tenant or share¬
cropper.
© Bel! Syndicate.—WNU Service.
Sk.Qam'&.iattan.
BAILED ABCOT
Nervous Ailments.
COME of the names used in de
^ scribing mental ailments are
naturally confusing and every¬
where research workers are try¬
ing to get names that will describe
certain symptoms and these
names could then be used through¬
out the world.
And even names of very common
ailments or groups of symptoms are
not as well under¬
stood by most of us
as they should be.
Thus imbecile
means that the in¬
dividual d i d not
have enough brain
power when he was
born and never will
have .enough to en¬
able him to earn a
living. In other
words, he was born
that way.
Dementia, on the
other hand, means that the brain
power has “gone downward.” The
individual was born with sufficient
brain power and was able to think,
do mental work, earn a living, but
his mental power has become less
due to various causes. We have all
seen this in many friends or ac¬
quaintances who have lost their
memory, their power to think as
they grew older.
Types of Dementia.
Now this dementia may not be
one of decay but of change in the
attitude of the mind towards the
surroundings, family, or work. The
individual may get very excited
about things, very depressed,' or
pay no attention to the most im¬
portant or vital matters. This latter
is called the apathy — not inter¬
ested—type.
The excited dementia patient
talks a great deal, is greatly in¬
terested in a matter, drops it and
gets greatly interested in something
different; his attention being at¬
tracted by the most trifling object
or subject. He is generally pleased
with himself, but may have out¬
bursts of furious anger.
Depression is exactly the opposite
to excitement. “The patient is slow
in all his actions, thinks with dif¬
ficulty and is miserable and un¬
happy."
Mental Indifference.
In the third type of dementia
patient — apathy or indifference —
the patient is neither excited or de¬
pressed, but absolutely indifferent
and without apparent interests, de¬
sires or ambitions.
The patient sits down, doesn’t do
anything because he isn’t interested
in anything. As a matter of fact
the patient can and does observe
and understand everything but
nothing seems important enough to
stir him to thought or action.
Thus in a general way then im¬
becility or being an imbecile is not
having enough brains. Dementia
means having brains but not
balance.
* * *
A Sane Reducing Program.
In following a reducing diet every
overweight individual tries to re¬
member that starch food—potatoes,
bread, sugar and pastry — i s
definitely known to store fat. It is
of course known that these foods
are all good necessary foods as they
create heat and energy in the body.
But as the average fat individual
does not use up as much energy
in work or play as one of normal
weight, the excess starch food gets
stored away as fat. It is only nat¬
ural then that potatoes, bread and
sugar are the first foods reduced.
Similarly with fat foods. Fat
foods give twice as much energy
as starch foods or the proteids —
meats, eggs, fish. In every reduc¬
ing diet it is advisable that butter,
cream, and fat meats be also re¬
duced.
Now this reduction in starch and
fat foods—the energy producers —
often means that the individual
feels weak, lacks energy, is afraid
h6 or she will collapse, with the
result that both starch and fat foods
are immediately resumed in full
amounts and these individuals feel
that reducing weight by reducing
food just cannot be done.
It might be well therefore for
some who are reducing to start re¬
ducing the fat foods first, leaving
the reduction of starch foods for a
few wffeks later.
Another point to remember is
that food must not be cut down in
large amounts at first. While the
excess fat on the overweight indi¬
vidual can serve to a certain extent
as fuel for the needs of the body,
only a small amount of it should
be used as fuel daily or there may
be shock, and sagging of face and
abdomen.
However one of the main points
in reducing weight is to remember
not to cut down on proteid foods;
in fact it might be well to actually
increase the amount of meat eaten.
Whereas fat foods and starch foods
burn slowly, meat foods burn fast.
©—WNU Service.
Comfort, Style in Pajamas
1923-B.
This suavely tailored club style
pajama set is the essence of sim¬
plicity. Whether your cotton,
satin, silk crepe, pongee or rayon
is expensive or not you won’t be
taking a chance with pattern No.
1923-B for step-by-step sewing in¬
structions are included and guar¬
antee to guide your every stitch.
College girls approve its con¬
servative , styling — busy house¬
wives find them adequate to greet
the unexpected guest and the
business girl revels in their com¬
fort and ease assuring details.
The trousers are amply cut and
the soft blouse roomy enough for
any 12 to 20’s daily dozen. A natty
pointed collar, wide cuffs and belt
add an air of distinction to your
garment.
Barbara Bell Pattern No.
1923-B is available fop sizes 12,
14, 16, 18 and 20. Corresponding
bust measurements 30, 32, 34, 36
and 38. Size 14 (32) requires 4 Vi
Household •
® Quesfionr
Sour milk beaten into mayon¬
naise dressing gives it a delicious
flavor.
...
When buying fish see that the
eyes are not sunken in and uli.
A fresh fish has clear eyes and
the flesh is firm to the touch.
» » *
Drain all juices from fresh or
canned fruits, store in ice box
and use for fruit cocktails or sher¬
bets.
» * *
Before putting away garden
tools for the winter, clean them
off, rub with kerosene or grease
and store in a dry place.
* • »
Do not let hardwood floors get
badly worn before having them
polished. A little polish on the
worn places each week keeps
floors always looking well.
* * *
If the neck of a bottle is broken
when opening, tie a pad of ab¬
sorbent cotton over the top of
another bottle and pour contents
of broken bottle through it. Cot¬
ton will catch pieces of glass as
liquid is poured through.
* * *
In the fall pack plenty of oak
leaves around the roots of acid
soil plants, such as daphnes, aza¬
leas and rhododendrons. These
leaves rot and make an excellent
fertilizer. They may be mixed
with the soil in the spring.
© Bell Syndicate.—WNU Service.
DIONNE QUINS EAT
QUAKER OATS EVERY DAY
Specialists set example for mothers everywhere
Dionne Case Demonstrates How We All Need
Vitamin B—to Help Keep Fit*
• Nervousness, constipation, poor appetite hit young and old,
alike. And these conditions result, doctors say, when diets lack a
sufficient amount of the precious Vitamin B so richly stored in
Quaker So Oats. that in family big, piping hot bowl of
Quaker see Oats everyone morning. your Order it by gets a from today.
every name your grocer
* Where poor condition is due to lack of Vitamin B.
yards of 39-inch material. Send
15 cents in coins.
Send for the Barbara Bell Fall
Pattern Book containing 100 well
planned; easy-to-make patterns.
Exclusive fashions for children,
young women, and matrons. Send
fifteen cents for your copy.
Send your order to The Sewing
Circle Pattern Dept., 367 W
Adams St.* Chicago 111.
© Bell Syndicate.—WNU Service,
The Mind LOWELL *
Meter #■ henderson
© Bell Syndicate.—r-WNU Service,
The Completion Test
In this test there are four words
given in each problem. Three of
the four in each case bear a de¬
finite relationship to one another;
for example, they may be the
names of animals or the names
of state capitals, or perhaps
synonyms. Cross out the one word
that does not belong in each prob¬
lem.
1. Gay, merry, dejected, frivo¬
lous.
2. Edison, Whistler, Fulton,
Morse.
3. Build, erect, raze construct.
4. Phoenix, Salem, Raleigh,
Macon.
5. Arrow, bullet, cartridge, shell.
6. Inaugurate, start, introduce,
continue.
7. Donate, pilfer, steal, embezzle.
8. Puma, leopard, tiger, rail.
9. Candor, duplicity, openness,
sincerity.
10. Bat, mallet, racquet, gun.
Answers
1. Dejected. 6. Continue
2. Whistler. 7. Donate.
3. Raze. 8. Rail.
4. Macon. '9. Duplicity.
5. Arrow. 10. Gun.
Whitens, Clears The
Skin Quickest Way
No matter how dull and dark your
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sleep. Then you see day
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restored to creamy
white, satin-smooth, ^mm ****™—— long
loveliness. No disappointments, no
waiting for results. Money-hack guar¬ Or
antee. At all toilet counters, only 50c.
write NADINOLA, Box 47, Paris, Tenn.
You Answer
Do we die of what we eat and
drink or do owe live long by them?
30c 40c 65c Bottle*
1 AU DRUGGI5TS
But It Will Rise
Truth can be lost in a flood ol
• CLEM
•
• LOW COST
• PORTABLE
&L: - .0 tiMi/inn i
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Plenty of quick, penetrating 1 warmth wher¬
ever you want it!... that’s what you get with
a Coleman Radiant Heater. Carry and use
anywhere. Noconnections. Makes and barns
Its own gas from untreated gasoline.
Just the thing for removing chill from
home, office, store or for extra warmth.in
, severe weather. Costs less than 2jf an hour
to operate! See It at your dealer’s.
WRITE FOR FREE FOLDER. Send postcard nowl
THE COLEMAN LAMP AND STOVE CO. ^
Dept Philadelphia, WIM03, Wichita, Kans.; Chicago, 11L;
Pa.; Lo» Angeles, Calif. (6403)
