Newspaper Page Text
THE FIELD AND FIRESIDE.
Vol. I.
lif /ifld ami ,#m'si<W.
IM HI.ISHKI) BY
OFFICE
i-N l ilt; Oil) I'KINTiMi OKI It K
Building, fonder Kjn iiigs Street, Mari
*l to (**oi‘‘* i.i.
I* A V 11 > IK WIN .
w. A. I*. Xl'c’l. A 1 riIKV, I. il. IK WIN.
Irwin,
ATTOIiNKVS AT LAW.
Will pl ai tiee ill t lie Blue Bi-l"V.®hme,
aml ’oWKtii i iivuii
M:ii’i'ttn, March I,‘i, |s*/7. ly
WM. I. WINN . Wil.l 1. \\ IN N.
W. T. & W. ,1. W INN,
Ail or it t‘ t s a i Lit m .
M Alii I'd I A . 11 K iliti IA .
Mareli 1.1, 1577. It
,i. E. AIOSELY,
A<lol*ll‘Y ill liilli.
't VT 11,1, it lend to all Inline eon tided
\\ to liiut in < 'old. and adjacent enmi
ties. Oi lti t -in Met laleltey’- liiiild-
i tie', up stair-.
M iiielta, Marelt Hi, tS77. Atm
E. M. ALLEN,
Wpiili**!,
Of more than twenty years,
t il \ lit; I’.S Kli A SON ABI, K .
limi t:—Xurlli side of Puldie Si|it:tre.
Marietta, Mareli lil, 1577. ly
DR. G. TENNENT,
icing l*li>siriati.
Olliee oil Cassville sheet. —liesi-
deuee on ('lierokee street.
.Marietta, Mareli Id, 1577. ly
DR. E. .1. SETZE,
l*lvsi'iau anti Surgeon,
ridENDKKS Iris protessional serviees
A ill (lie praetiee of Medieiue in till
its liraiielu s to the citizens of Marietta
and sui'l'mind ing con ill ry. t Hliee at the
1 iriie'Store of lint. Boot. inch lit—ly
R. W. GABLE,
MWiiifct. m\mm
AND REPAIRER.
POWDER SPRI \(i STREET,
MARIETTA, GEORGIA,
Work ,loiii“ at very low |>rici‘s, ami wtir
i anted. March 1 , 1877.
Haley Brolhers,
( II KROK EE STHEET,
Dealers in
tiKOt’EIMES, PKO\ ISIONS,
A Xll
<EX ERA I, MERCHANDIZE.
Marietta, (In., Mareli 1.1,1877. ly
M. It. Lyon,
CIIEKokK E ST II E ET,
i' A VII Id EBJtM Util s.
And dealer in
( Or.VTItV PRODI < E.
Marietta, Mareli 13, 1877. ly
M. I &RIST,
cIIEIiOKEE S'I'IIEET,
Sadis asd Harness Maker
AND REPAIRER.
Marietta, Gen., Mareli 13, 1.877. ly
CONTRACTOR
A X D
ici limit.
rin IE undersigned eontinne hi lm i
-1 lies- nt Brick Making, Stone and
Brick Building, and i prepared at any
time to take contract-- on the inn: 1 re a
- terms, and fnexeente them in the
most satistaetorv manner.
11. I!. WALLIS.
Marietta. Man li 13, 1577. I\
House Building and
Repairing.
SASII. BLINDS, IHIDIIS I’l X ISM ED
TO till DEI*.
Lumber (if nil kinds, ami :it 11 it*
lowest prices, lor sale.
riAhankl'nl for the lilieral pafrnnage
hitherto, the snhseritier would state
that he is fully i>re|iared to eoutraet for
the ereetioii of Buildings, and toexe
eute ihe ennl raets in the must safisfaeto
rv manner. StlOl', smith side Puldir
Square.
March, 1.877. I,EMI EL BLACK.
h. S. NORTHCUTT,
DEAL EH IN
I’autt ami staple
DRY GOODS,
HATS,
Hlf OKS AND NOTIONS, &<•.
) ovny'x Ohf C"/'/ie/’.
Atarietta. Mareli 13. 1877, ly
At)finiUural.
[for the i iid.n and i’ii:t>iin, |
fin mi re ami ( lieiiiiyiil I Vr-
Tl 1.1 ZEUS.
Ordinarily', chemical lor lil i
zers are more eonvenient tor use,
as they are more easily spread,
and more conveniently transport
etl to the land upon which they
tire to lie spread. Manure,either
stable or barnyard, when com
pared to fertilizers, is not worth
quite an eighteenth, by weight,
what fertilizers are for ordinary
use. In 35,555 pounds of ma
nure, which is the quantity ne
cessary to enrich an acre, there
is IT 1 lhs. ol azote, titi lbs. ot
phosphoric acid, 133115. of potash,
383 jits, of lime, making til'd lhs.
of chemical manure; that is, the
35,555 lhs. of manure make about
one fourth of a ton of fertilizing
material, or one fortieth ot the
whole mass. One ton of fertili
zer, or 3053 lhs. is equal to the
above 35,555 lbs. oi manure.-
Here is the proof. Acid phos
phate of lime 533 lhs.. Nitrate of
of potash 38<i lhs.. Sulphate of
amonia TD7 lhs., Sulphate of lime
(Flastea) 73tlhs., making, 3053
lhs., w hich will make an acre
rich, and is much easier to spread
than the 35,555 lhs* of manure;
then it contains the full weight
of soluble plant food w hile the
above 35,555 lhs. of manure only
contains ahoul li3ti lhs. ofavaila
hie plant food. Then there are
other ad vantages to he consider
ed. The azote of the above 35,
555 lhs. of manure is not immedi
ately assimilated. Hut the azote
of the above chemical fertilizer
is readily assimilated. The ma
nure from the stable and barn
yard, though il does contain
some line qualities, yet it is in
the form of animal evacuations
and partly putrefied litter, which
can only increase the growth of
vegetation after it has undergone
decomposition, to change its
form—changing the azote into
ammonia or nitrates. And in
this process ol metamorphosis
there results a loss of thirty or
forty per cent, of the primitive
azote contained in the manure,
which goes off in the air in the
form of elementary'azot e ; not so
with the azote of the chemical
fertilizer above formulated,
for it is immediately' and en
tirely assimilable, hence, its
action is the more certain
and immediate. It is a fact
now well established by actual
experience, that a mixture of
phosphate of lime, potash and
lime, with azotic matter, furnish
food for all plants, and answers
for the manure that is commonly
made in the barnyard and stable,
hence, w hat deficiency' there is
to supply the demand front the
stable and barnyard, may he met
by the addition of chemical ler
tilizers, (not purchased in the
torin they are now sold, contain
ing a large per cent of dirt or
muck) purchased in their pure
state, and manipulated on the
farm, with equal weight of fine
soil, then spread in quantity to
suit the soil, and the crop to he
grown. Now, while chemical
fertilizers make the best crop
the first year, y<-1, manure made
by stock, with proper care on the
part of the farmer, will how on
land for several succes: ive years,
where it is houiitifiillv used. I
have seen this result where a lot
and stithies had been removed.-
The increased fertility of the
earth (where a lot and stables
have been removed after they
had stood for many year ) i ap
parent for ten or fifteen years.—
With the ordinary plowing, with
one horse, the full value of ler
tilizers or manures can not he
realized. It requires a soil en
riclted for 15 to 30 inches, to
bring grain to perfection. Look
at the soil of the Mississippi val
ley, and the ptaitie lauds all over
the United States, which arc
rich to it great depth, and they
yield abundant crops for ages in
succession. And when the farm
er wants to improve his land,
and at the same time make good
crops on it, he should put on it,
not only a siitlicient supply for
the crop each year, hut a surplus
of coarse manure to he de<*om
posedand euler into the compo
it ion of a future crop: thu the
MARIETTA. GEORGIA. AUGUST 7, 1877.
land is gradually improved each
successive year. Bui where no
manure is used, more than it re
quires to make a crop, then the
soil must grow poorer and poorei
every'year, for there are cert a the
principles in the soil that are
given out all the time to aid the
manure or fertilizer, w hich are
finally exhausted, and the land
rendered useless. This should
never be. No lantier should ev
er let his land run down h> a
state of sterility. I have just
returned front some ol the wheat
producing regions of northern
Georgia, and saw two large farms,
side by side, in wheat, one ol the
said farms was seeded down in
clover, and turned tinder at the
proper season, and sowed in
wheat. The land lints managed
is adjudge to yield from thirty
five to forty bushels of wheat to
acre. The other farm was sowed
in w heat wit bout the clover, and
it may yield iifteen or twenty 1
bushels to the acre in the best
spots, hut probably will not av
erage twelve bushels per acre.
Now, this was the result of prep- j
aration in the lirst case, and the
neglect in the other. Farmers j
all wish to make their farms pay
fertile labor bestowed upon them.
And snelt facts ought to stimu i
late them to begin to sow clover
in this county' and turn it under, j
and sow in wheal. Glover will j
grow here, and increase the crop
as much in proportion as it does I
elsewhere. Ido not pretend to i
believe that clover turned under j
here, would bring the crop of I
wheat up to forty bushels (lit*!
lirst year, but I do believe that
it would cause land here to bring j
lifteen or twenty bushels, that I
will now bring eight to ten bush
els without any'fertilizing. And |
if the land is lints sowed down in i
clover every alternate year, il
will get richer and richer until !
there is a deep soil formed, which j
is w hat is needed lor all crops.
Tints we would mil,have to sacri
lice our farms and leave our old
homes for the insalubrious re
gions of the West.
1 ,1. M. GOSS, M. I). A. M.
Arc He :i Ihniir-I !V|ilr ?
WE All ST CREATE NEW WANTS, FI Nil
AIORE AV EX E ES FOR Tl! AOK AND
EAt I'LOY Ol K I. A BORERS.
The current number of tin*
North American Jicricw eon
tains an article upon the subject
of national prosperity, from (lie
pen of David A. W ells, and w hich,
in times like, the present, can
hardly fail to be read with deep
interest -the more deep, because
in tlie very formation of its title
the author speaks a word ot hope
and encouragement. Mr. Wells
does not dismally ask, “Will, or
shall the nation again prosper? '
but “How shall the nation regain
prosperity ?" and allhough this
pertinent question is not strictly
answered, it is shown that il can
be answered. He begin* bv el
ting right the people ol the I oi
ted States, who, he says, ad
“more inclined to deceive them
selves ’ in t his matter, than other
in their ideas respecting: the tun
damenlal principles, ol political
economy—the relation and wealth,
or material abundance, to labor.
Say the writer: “All wealth,
meaning thereby property oj mu
terial abundance, i the re nil of
labor;" and again, “Ihe i- liml re
still ; ol labor cannot be varied by
\ ary iug I lie* uni!: or i .-nida i-1
employed to men un* ore tiin.ile
them." T his in way ol proposi
tion ; the deduction: follow:
“If labor is the source ol all
wealth, it labor under Ihe .aim*
circumstance will produce equal
results, then that country which
possesse: the greatest natural re
sources, which command the
most energetic and intelligent
labor, which avail il elf to the
largest extent ol labor aving
machinery'and proce ses, which
has the best, and cheapo t faeili
ties for inter communication, and
the freest and nmst enlightened
government., ought to produce to
greater advantage than any or
all other countries, ought to pro
duce the most for the expendi
tyre of a given amount of labor,
ought to be able to sell cheapo I.
ought, finally', to take tin* lirst
place in the race for industrial
and commercial -upreiiiacy a
mong the nation , That tin* l in
ted State till the e requirement
is next almndcntly show it.
“Fussing now from promise t"
conclusion, front hypothesis to
reality, the actual condition of
(.the country will be found to be
Gi* follow : every section tilled
:to overflowing with its peculiar
usejiil products the South with
I cotton, the staple textile lilne of
| Ihe world's clothing; the West
w ith meat and grain, the North
West with lumber and with leath
er, the Middle Stales with coal
j and iron, New \ ork ami New
England with textile and other
j maiinfaeltires and every where
i labor ready to augment these
products, or elaborate them in
to higher tortus ot fabrication.
I tiller such circumstances all the
i world ought to come to the Uni
led Stales to buy . or, what is the
| same thing, exchange. But
in" I curiously, all Ihe world
does nut come here to buv, but,
for a great variety of products
which we specially want to sell
and the world specially wants In
consume, turns away and buy
elsew here ; and, as a conse i
lienee, the cry is every where
throughout the land, that in the
midst of our abundance there is I
no demand lot our abundance, j
and because there is no demand i
the labor and machinery employ
od in production cease !o liml cm
ploymenl for furl her production.
Hence wages cease to be earned
and paid, and I he label er si arves."
In a word, the writer next
shows that taking the world as a
whole, there can be no such
thing as over production of arli !
eles necessary or desirable, and j
that the lack ofdciuaud can on
ly be explained on tin* theory of
inability to obtain, unless il is
admitted that tin* millennium
period has conn* and that every
man is supplied with all he can
possibly waul. To lind out where
in this inability exists is, there
fore, the important task. To
this task Mr. Wells lends the bal
anee of his pages :
“An important factor in this
problem ol inability to purchase
and consequent lack of demand, j
and one which has not hitherto
received the at tent ion its import j
anee entitles it to, grows out of, j
or rather in itself is, this very in
crease in the power of production
to which allusion lias jusl been
made, and w liich, alt hough ailed
iug in a greater or less degree
the industrial condition of all
count l ies, has of late probably
manifested itself more remarka
bly in the United States than
elsewhere.' Sinking ill list ru
tions of this lalemcnl are given.
Among others “the remarkable
analysis ol the conditions of pro
ducing cotton cloth in IN3S and
I -S7G, as recently presented to
Ihe New England Gotten Mann
faclurers' Association by Mr.
\\ iiliam A Burk,of Lowell, Mass.,
and founded upon the records of
the operations of one of the Boot! j
Mill in I hut place in Ihe respect |
ii e yeui mentioned. The im j
port ai it (ad brought out in this
anah'si i that ninety operatives |
(men and women) engaged in j
the msnulad ure ot cotton in one J
ol tln be-1 mi 11 m\l :i adiil ells,
produced regularly in Ls7b, with;
I b hours' lc s labor per week, 1
more doth men-u red in pound:,!
and "I nearly the aim.* quality
(No I:;.t;I yarn being pun in j
I '••38 and No. 13‘Gin I ii>) than j
331 opei at ive;- working in the
. aine mill did in I 8-3 1 . Again:!
In Ihe manufacture ol bool
and -hoc three men working!
with machinery can d<> at pr<*
(*nl what, prior to 18(50, required j
tln* labor ol i\ men to elled ;j
while tin* individual ot per cap l
la rnii: limp) ion ol bool and
li"(- in llu* Unitetl State ha
probably been more uniform dti
ring the .mi" period Ilian i Ihe
( a i- with alniL I any other com
modify.'
Many singular case.* are con-!
ideivd in proof of the foivcoina
tatcmenl, “bill." ay I In* writer,
“there i a novelty in il pre-ent ■
method of man i f**.- lat ion in tin*;
United States, and it is to this
manifestation that, attention is |
now penally solicited.' In
brid. then, lie argues thu : Ihe
War perforce limulaled Liven
lion in Ihe North, by draw
in-* li urn the lank -of Iho e en
gaged in agriculture, mechanic;
ail . Ac., more than a million
men ; but the industrial product:
in the Northern States did not in
general decrease; “on the eon
Iran, and mainly through the in
x c*iit im and use of labor saving
machinery, they largely iucreas
ed." After ihe war, with indtis
trial products reduced to a mini
mum in (lie North, and llu* South
with a population of 13,00(1.000
destitute, and yet possessed <>f
large purchasing power through
the enormous advance in Ihe
price el ru w cot ton, the lii 11 pro
duetive power of the country
continued in full demand ;' next
came the unsound stimulus of an
exec i\ • * issue of irredeemable
currency, and a high tariff, un
der tin* joint inllucnee of which,
coupled wit h ideas of extrava
gance induced by war, “works
tor the product Ton and dislribii
I ion of products, far in excess ( ,|
I lie legiliuiac wants "I the cmiiil ry
were mistaken. ' The results has
been only the operation of a
nut lira Ila w, and- I lie day "I in
dust rial disl urbanee has at la- I
come. The question before the
countrv to-day is, *- \\ hat clispo
sit ion is il proposed to make of
the labors of the country which
labor saving; machinery and new
met hoik', ol loisi iie have now , for
Ihe lirst I ime, and under e\isl ins
condilions, made munile Ily
surplus?"
Flit ling aside lor the present a
eousiderat ion of I In* oil imal e
benelils to be derived from any
“ increased ]iowi‘r of production
for a given amoiinl of liiiman
labor," which in the long run
commend themselves to all men,
Ihe question al present to be coil
sidered is the adjust men): ol lalmi
and harm that are happening in
the adjustments of labor and
capital to the new condition. Here,
tnfore, ow ing to various circiim
stances, there has been no (-omitry
in wliich a man, t hrough iodi usl ry
and economy, could so rajiidly
and easily rait’.e himself from tin*
position of a laborer, dependent
on ol hers for employ men I, Io I lie
position of a capitalist, himself
controlling employment, as in
Ihe I niled Slates. But the coiuli
tion for effecting such desirable
social and economic changes are
every year becoming less and less
favorable. Labor saving machi
nery, by the use of which alone
can production be carried on to
(hobos! advantage, is expensive
and in general is not al the ready
disposal of those whose only capi
Ia Ii I heir hand and I hoir bra im .
** Formerly, al o, an enlerpris
ing man wi! lioiil capilal could, a
the result, of a few years . ervire
as a laborer al the w I, acquire
siillicienl mean to enable linn lo
enter iijioii a tract of govern men I
land and pul il, in all or in pari,
under immediate cull i vat ion. The
result of the lirst year’s crops of
ten made him an independent
capitalist. Bui Ihe opportunity
for aehoiving udi results is rap
idly drawing lo a dose. T he qu.ni
I ity of fort ile puldie land uiiahle
for la mi in v purpo - , wliidi can
n<iw be old ailied by pro cm pi ion
or al nominal prices i coin pa fa
lil ell' lilliile-l. it not l) ill V e.X
liausted.
Mr. Well <ii( Ma pr I 'olid I
for the lal eineul ■ I hat t here is
not 1-11 un "hi in I In- whob I nil
(-(I iSlale "I land which a poor
man could turn i id o a I arm enougli
to inal.e one average cmiuty’ ill
W i con in. Ihe <• * r< pi ion to
tli i Ia I eiii-nl, il any. may per
hap hi lon ml in Tex a "i I lie in 1
dian territory. In n* ped to the
arid region of tin* plain . Major
Foivell i mad" lo ay In lln
wind" reixion, land, a mere land,
iolno va I in* : what i re ally va I
liable is ihe w al< r pri vilcg". Bidi
men and lock courpaui*' have
ajipropriab.'d all the I ream , and
I hey charge for tin* use of the wa
ter. Government section o! Bid
acre that do not contain water,
are prad ieally wort hie
In view of all tlii Mr. Well
urges and reiterate Ihe iniporl
anee of an wring' the qm t ion
“ What it is proposed In do now
with the labor of the count ry that
improved nK lhod: and machinery
of produd ion have made in ( ,(■<■
of any pre enl demand? I.iiln r
new waul.* have got lobe found,
or created, for the -nppivin "t
which a large held for tin* employ
menl of labor will be aflorded
than now (Exists, or else Ihe emi
gration ol labor Irom Ihe eountry
and the formation of a perfect
pauper che-s among us w ill begin.
And contingent upon the success
|"I those, to whom il is given to
mould and administer Ihe policy
j of the country in creating these
m*w and enlarged wants or de
mands for our products, and, as a
consequence, new and enlarged ,
employments for our labor, is the*
lime when ('oinmeree will revive,
manulacluriiig bo extended, rail
roads ami other corporate enter
piisc he come profitable, Ihe eon
umpl ion of coal increase, real es
lab- appn*ciale, and b* , o>r he in
demand; in hurl. w htißß^wholej
M A . I 1
jja
mB
* j
18
11" mi " r
"*il be" .i,, I
- -1 -■ i
- :ii m iii" wd I" 11 n
if nalivity ; labor of A
G11 ID ; i I, in-- li.r opporl unil jfl|H
ei'k W 111-11 - \ll
while r ii -
i and i iche tSoil e ,
how number]
1,1 nluirily be j
tween I 1' of about 50 I
per cent.” i I
i M
“ I low lo eroute tliese nejl
wauls, how In liiiil new
I~i 1 1. i■l ■•. in eti large 11 1 use a I ret*
<-'<! lm". .uni I io\\ iln i, ■l l v
o:, I,l,’\■ ■Io 11 new e 1111 >I oy
ii,,
I” • I,| 11, I' I lie I^EE^S
■ |• \ I In 1 a I tin l lm, '■
statesman, the legislator
iiieivliaill. If half 1 he lime spent
in preaching sermons ami singing
hymns, alll l in meiaphysical dis
eilssioil as lo whether lilt' Tope
is I In-“man of sin’ anil ‘whether
modern mil lire tends to infidelity’
were spent in empiiiing why il is
I lial in I his count rv, wit Ii all Ihe
elements of abundance, we have
enforced idleness, increasing pov i
ei'l v and conseipienl I y increasing
crime, (here would more souls he
made happy in 1 his world and
more a veil lot I lie next
In conclusion, Mr. Wells says:
Hnf in respect to these new
Winds, new avenues for trade and
con ei|tteni new employments,
can they lie created, il nifty he
asked, if all whose business il is .
•In>t ih I give I lie mailer earnest at f
lention t 1 We answer, nnhesita
I in" ly, I lial in respect t,, Ihe I' ni
led Slides and to the present em
ergency, ii is not only possible,
hill comparatively easy to effect,
itch re nil
< 'oni-Sngur.
U c -im 1 lioiv much beet sugar
1 1 n done for Europe, not only in
Ili ■ way of si imulat ing hosts of
oilier iml ii i lies, Hut in aiding ma
iiy as ndated branch" of agri
cull lire, and we mil urally I Link
how much W e liolllil be belieliled
by I lie ini rodllcillg I III* beel ill I
i ure here. It may be that the
heel i bet ler for ugar cull ure
I hau in i lli in: else, bill il will do
no 1 1 ,ii oi lo remember I hat corn
< "iiiain a ll immense amount of
ilgar and il i j 11 I po ible that
il might do all foi u I hat I lie beet,
would and |iu ilily a lill le more,
iii aid I lial a much a t liirl v
pound ol ran ugar can he (le
rived from a Ini: In 10l Corn. But
tlii will (iiilv main* lie* corn In?
woilli ii doll .i a Ini hoi or I here
* ibqul'ky I Lil in many part ol I lie-
We ,1 llu would In* a paying price
Old I hen 'll. might he I lial ugar
would In* * hea|jened by the very
abundance l hat mi.dil be raised
in Ihi way, and that would tiring
til*' l able ot I lie corn l'(fV -ugar
mil in" till lower, lint .yet -there
item of profit
lx*
-- - I l-■- ■■!
1 U- ■ i pulp H
in "i- "I pmlil. liflHHjß
< - j :i-- --1 i
I
■.•■ ii! ; -
lliiii I .* which tend to
eon ii fry. hav# not turned llieirutfl
tentioii to Ihi . The We t luodi*
tie water and less wood.
i lil 1 ln-i haiice Ibr ma,
man ii fad uring ce n! 1
lll.id-' I lie K.I I 4fc
lit ‘ - tl ' - c H p,
No. 6.
