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CONSTITUTIONALIST.
AUGUSTA. GhA.
SUNDAY MORNING. APRIL 26, 1868
A BITTER PILL.
Those unfortunate white men who voted
for the mongrel constitution, because of the
Relief clause, may find the pill very bitter,
in spite of its sugar-coating. It Is as plain
as noon-day that, when a collision of races
takes place, blood becomes thicker than
water, and the men placed on guard over
us cannot forget that they are Caucasians.
So far, they have proved protectors, and
between them and renegade domination,
there is no hesitancy as to a preference.
Now, the reason why Bkown and his car
pet-bag allies desire to “restore the State to
the Union,” after the BkAbt-Butlek fash
ion, is not because they really love the
State or the Union, but rather because they
have a rabid lust of power, and can only
securer it by ridding themselves and the ter
ritory of the regular army. If their nefa-
rious scheme of “restoration” shall have
been accomplished, Georgia may, indeed,
be rid of the United States troops, but a
Bbownlow or low Bkown militia of negroes
and scalawags will repeat the saturnalia of
Tennessee , and change our purgatory into a
veritable hell. That is the game they have
been working for; and those who helped
this game by reason of the relief tempta
tion, will either have to mongrelize with
this militia or share the horrors of its en
tailmcnt. Such men have been faithless to
their blood, and, for the sake ot a handful
of dirty gold, aided in delivering themselves
and fellow-countrymen over to a bondage
which will make them curse the hour they
were bom. Let such men pray that their
treachery may not succeed; let them,
while the people pause to learn the result
of the election, pray God that their ballots
may be neutralized by those of nobler men.
If they have hardened themselves against
such a supplication, there is an avenging
Time which shall penetrate even the flint
of their desperate selfishness and unholy
greed.
A GREAT DIFFERENCE.
The publishers have sent us a Northern
magazine called “ Public Spirit.'' Skim
ming its pages, we came across a remark
ably well-written sketch of the battle of
Shiloh, in which General Grant is at once
defended and extolled. Having graphically
brought the combat to a termination, the
author proceeds to detail occurrences im
mediately consequents among which is a
reputed dispatch of Beauregard's dimly
hinting at a permission for the burial of his
dead and ministration of the wounded. To
which request, says the eulogist of Hiram
Ulysses, “ Grant cunningly replied, that
the dead had been buried, and the wounded
cared for—which was not true for a week
afterward." Really, this is a charming ad
mission of wilful and deliberate falsehood
on the part of a hero ; a seven days’ false
hood, which a truly grand man would have
scorned to utter. The accusation of Presi
dent Johnson, lu the Stanton controversy,
has cumulative evidence, for he who spoke
falsely to Beauregard would not hesitate
to prevaricate to Johnson.
What a contrast does such a commander
present to General Lee ! Who would not
rather, a million of times, be the stainless
President of Washington College, with
honor, truth and soberness written upon
his godlike brow, than he who aspires to
the purple over the wreck of his country
and with the divorce of virtue.
Gen. Meade and the Test Oath. —The
New York World thus alludes to General
Meade’s Test Oath Order:
“ General Meade is evidently of the opinion
that the test oath question ‘ may be ’ leit for
decision till that constitution is ratified. The
blunt statement that in the event of such ratifi
cation and the election of the Assemblymen,
the Legislature * is required to convene and
adopt the proposed nineudiuent to the Consti
tution of the United States, designated as Ar
ticle XIV, before the Slate can be admitted to
representation,’ becomes amusing when we
consider that several States now represented in
Congress have acted as they pleased in the
matter, and that two States have rescinded the
action of preceding Legislatures, which adopt
ed this proposed amendment merely as a party
measure.”
Better Luck Next Time—Perhaps.—
The Tribune is at half-mast for Michigan
and the recent Democratic victories. It
admits that all the Republican States have
defaulted, but will be “ all right in Novem
ber.” The National Intelligencer thinks dif
ferently, and says: “In our judgment, the
whole West will rise up in its might and
condemn these destructives and plunderers,
who have brought distraction and ruin
upon the country, with a voice and a vote
that will astound and overwhelm Radical
ism.”
Wonderful Influence.— What must
be thought of the tremendous power of a
military Mayor, who, far from the scene of
riot, or hidden from view, is credited by his
satellites with quelling disturbance —a dis
turbance which, but for him, had never
been brought about ?
A Tboolt Loil Senator.—Ben Rice,
U. S. Senator elect from Arkansas, is a
fugitive from Kentucky and the squanderer
of a client’s money—ln other words, a
thief. Here is a man whom Butler will
welcome “ among the proudest.”
A Sweeping Denial.— Every county, but
one, in Michigan, voted against the negro.
Thb Right Man in tile Right Place.—
The Rome Commercial says : Judge L. D. Bur
well was removed trout office' as manager of
election on Monday morning last, and a man
now under indictment before the grand jury
of Floyd county for hog stealing, placed in his
stead. Judge Bor well has .been one of the
managers of elections in Rome for the past ten
years; has always maintained the highest to*
tegrity of character, and 6tands unrivalled as a
man of honor and a Christian gentleman. We
regard his removal as an outrage upou the good
people of Rome and vicinity and until some
satisfactory explanation-foi» the coarse pursued
Is given, We shall deem those instrumental in
his removal as participants loan unwarrantable
piece of treachery, instituted to practice fraud
ppon our people In the election now going on. f
Georgia Baptist Convention.
Friday, April at -l J . M.
The convention met in the Greene Street
Baptist Church at 3, p. m.
The former ofiieers were rc-electetl by accla
mation: I*. 11. Mell, D. I)., President, and J.
F. Page, Secretary.
Jn the absence of Rev. T. 11. Stout, Assistant
Secretary, Rev. E. R. Warren >vas re-elected to
that position by acclamation.
The President then addressed the conven
tion, urging the members to renewed zeal and
confidence in their great work, despite all
seeming discouragement.
The following named delegates then re
ported :
ASSOCIATIONS.
Appalachee—B. 8. Sheates, W. H. Strick
land, G. A. Nunally.
Central —W. T. Brantley, E. W. Warren, G.
C. Conner, 8. Boykin, F. M. Hay good, T. J.
Butney, J. M. Springer, J. 11. Calloway.
Clarksville —K. 11. Watson.
Flint River —D. W. Gwin, W. G. McMiehael
A. B. Sharpe, D. Shaver, R. M. Nott, J. C
Binus.
Georgia—P. H. Mcll, J. H. Kilpatrick, E. A.
Steed, J. A. Carter, B. M. Calloway, J. R. Voting,
P. B. Robinson, H. A. Tupprr, 11. H. Tucker,
T. B. West, J. R. Sanders, T. Slocks, W. A.
OvortOD, J. 11. Fortson, R. L..McWhorter.
Hephzibah—W. J. Hard, G. W. Evans, W. L.
Kilpatrick, W. H. Davis, G. Stapleton, E. R.
Carswell, D. B. Plumb, J. 11. Culhbert, M. P.
Caiu, H. 11. Hickman.
Rehoboth—Daniel Sanford, J. F. Dagg, J. L.
Blilch, W. C. Wilkes, J. J. Toon.
Washington—W. J. Harley, J. J. Brantley,
J. G. Holtzelaw, J. T. WiDglield, L. Fowler, A.
S. Morgan.
Western—J. C. Pitts, JF. Awbrey, H. C.
Kennedy, L. M. Daniel, J. H. Hall, A. R. Cal
loway.
Stone Mountain—H. F. Buehanao, W. D. At
kinson, E. Steadman, J. S. Echles.
Columbus—M. J. Wellborn.
Sarepta—A. Chandler, 11. F. Ivey, L. R. L.
Jennings, L. W. Stephens, J. D. Matthews, S.
Lumpkin, J. B. Hardeman, T. B. Moss.
Bethel—J. H. Underwood, T. W. Stont.
Ebencztr—G. R. McCall, M. N. McCall.
MISSIONAKT SOCIETIES,
White Plains—J. W. Ellington.
Ladies’ Missionary Society, Marietta—W. L.
Mansfield, D. B. Hamilton.
Madison Missionary Society—D. E. Butler.
Rome Missionary Society—J. C. Brown,
Cbae. E. Hill.
Greensboro Missionary Society- J. L Brown.
Augusta Missionary Society—E. Mustin, D,
R. Wright, N. B. Moore.
The reporters of the Chronicle % Sentinel and
the Constitutionalist were invited to seats in
the convention.
The order of business ns printed in the
minutes of 1867 was adopted for the present
session.
The foliowiDg committees were appointed by
the President:
On Preaching—Cuthbert, Wright, VV. J.
Hard, J. R. Sanders, Steadman, Burney and G.
W. Evans.
On Finance—H. H. Hickman, T. W. Callo
way, and C. E. Hills.
The following named Ministers were invited
to seats in the convention : James Barrow, H.
A. Williams, J. Hillman, T. A. Reid, J. P. Meal,
ing, J. H. Underwood and T. H. Stout.
The hours of session were adopted, as fol
lows : 9 o’clock, a. m., to 1, p. m., and from 3
o'clock, p. m., to 5, p. m.
Rev. J. P. Boyce, D. D., was recognized as the
representative of the Southern Baptist Theolo
gical Seminary.
Rev. M. T. Sumner was recognized as corres
pondent of the Board of Domestic Missions.
The reports of the Executive Committee and
of the Treasurer of the convention were read
and the former referred to a committee ; p. W.
Gwinn, W. If. Davis, W. J. Harley, J. W.
Ellington, J. C. Brown, T. B. West, W. D.
Atkinson. The report of the latter was ordered
to he printed. We extract the following from
the report: Permanent Fund for Education,
$18,789 07 ; Orphans, Fund, $1,018; Permanent
Mission Fund, $219 So; The Ileom Legacy,
$6,270 54; General Purposes, $lO 85; Indigent
Ministers, $8; Town Lot Fund, $519 60.
Total, $27,441 71.
On motion of Rev. J. H.Culhbctt,
Resolved , That a half hour he consumed each
morning in devotional exercises, beginning at
11 o’clock.
The following correspondents were appoint
ed : To the Alabama convention : J. J. Toon,
J. C. Conner and 8. C. Boykin. South Carolina
convention : W. J. Hard. Virginia General
Assembly: G. C. Connor and D. W. Gwinn.
The convention adjourned to 9 o’clock Sat
urday.
Central Railroad All Right Again.—
The regular day passenger train left Savannah
yesterday morning for Macon, on schedule
time, in charge ot Conductor Whalen and Mr.
Jas. White, dispatcher and yard-master ; cross
edthe wash in the road cautiously, and arrived
safely at Millen at ‘5:45, p. in., bringing passen
gers, mail and express for Macon and Augusta.
After transferring passengers, &c„ to the Au
gusta train, at Millen, proceeded to Macon.
The AugnsU train, in charge ot Conductor
Wimberly, left Millen at 4, p. m., and arrived
at Augusta at 6, p. in.—two hours.
The day passenger trains from Augusta,
Macon and Savaunab will each leave on sched
ule time to-day. No night trains will leave
either place this week.
Another View op TnE Cotton Supply.—
The following calculations and estimates have
been submitted to us by a gentleman who
closely observes the phases of the cotlon sup
ply and consumption, and whose good judg
ment gives weight to his opinions :
“ While we are daily perusing statements is
sued to prove the actual prospective deficiency
in cotton, it may be well to digest one showing
the possibility that a few bales may be left on
hand when our new crop comes to market,
to-wit:
Bales.
April 18,6tock in Liverpool 407,000
April 18, at sea (100,000 American).... 348,000
Additional American at sea of week
ending April 10 48,000
Additional export of Add'd to Great
Britain, after New York telegraphic
reports of April 10th, giving Great
Britain 50,000 more than ot last years’
crop 258,000
1,061,000
Average weekly receipts in
Great Britain last year from
other than United States was
43,000 for 19 weeks 817,000
Less in above estimates at sea. .248,000—569,000
1,630,000
For consumption and export at Liver
pool, say 19 weeks, to Septem
ber at 70,000—1,330,000
Stock September let, 1868 300,000
Tn addition it Is said the spinners of
Great Britain bold an excess 0f.,.. 200,000
While the Continent has also taken
largely from Liverpool, so as to di
minish their demands on that port,
and in addition have taken from the
United States, more than last year.. 140,000
The weekly estimate of receipts from other
ports than the United States is taken from the
average of the entire year of 1867, although the
four months comprised should be the heaviest
of the twelve.
Supposing the U. S. crop to be 300,000
more than last year, 1 have distribu
ted to Continent thereof 140,0
Do. Great Britain * 50,000
Leaving for distribution 110,000
[CoMms Enquirer.
How ‘‘Free” Negro Labor Affects the White
Laborer.
REMARKS ofmr.b. e. green in the national
I.ABOB CONGRESS AT CHICAGO, AUG. 24, 1867.
Mr. Phelps, of Connecticut, Chairman of the
Committee on Negro Labor, reported that, in
asmuch as there w»s much prejudice and very
little information on the subject, the commit
tee thought that it had better not be discussed
now, but laid overjtor the consideration of the
Congress, which will meet next year (1868, 3d
Monday in August, in New York city.) Mr.
Harding, President of the International Coach
Makers’Union, said that he thought the con
sideration of this subject had already been post
poned too long. Mr. Ben. E. Green, delegate
from the Pttlern Makers’ Union of Baltimore,
Md., said:
“1 agree with Mr. Hardiug that the conside
ration of this question has already been delay
ed too long, and with the Chairman of theCom
miitee, that there is much prejudice and very
little information. I go farther. What little
inlorination there is among the workingmen of
the North and West on the subject is false in
formation. lam a Southern man and repre
sent a Southern constituency. I have studied
:his question thoroughly, with unusual oppor
tunities for understanding it. My attention
was called to it early in life —when I was in
Mexico—by the contrast between the system of
Peon labor there, and the system of Negro
slave labor iu the Southern States. Seventeen
years ago, I visited the British, Freuch and
Danish West India Islands, where emancipa
tion had then recently taken place, with the
special purpose of looking into its results. I
wish to lay before you some facts and give you
some correct information. Heretofore you
have been misled and grossly deceived. The
New York Tribune and other Radical newspa
pers say, and have succeeded iu making many
ol you believe, that iu its Southern aspect the
late war was the 1 slaveholders’rebellion.’ It
was no such thing. It was the poor white uon
siaveholding workingmen’s war—the war ot
the white mechanic, laborer, small farmer and
cropper—to protect themselves and their wages
irora the competition of the cheaper labor of
ihe negro, who makes up by stealth and petty
larceny what he lacks in wages.
“A Jew undeuiable facts will satisfy yon that
I am right. First, the slaveholders were a
very small minority of the white population in
the South ; less than half a million in a white
population of eight millions, or lees than 1 in
16. Another general fact, which no one can
deny, is that the property holders are. always
averse Jo war aud revolutionary measures
which endanger property, and the special fact
is undeniable that the slaveholders, as a class,
were actively opposed to secession, which
brought on the war; because, apart from the
general risk to all property in times of war,
this special property was subjected to a special
risk, in thut-it bad legs and a will of its own to
take itself off. Therefore, the slaveholders, as
a ciass, threw their whole influence against se
cession. They preferred to contend for their
rights in the Union and at the ballot box, aud
to rely on the Senate and the Supreme Court,
and on their nntnial allies, the Democracy—the
voi kingmen— of tlie North.
“ It is true that some of the lenders of the
secession movement in the South were the own
ers of staves ; but ttiey were not the represent
ative men ot the slaveholding class. Their per
sonal interest in the system was small, and
the ir appeals were made, not to the slavehold
ers, but to the uon-slavebolders. The ablest,
most active and untiring advocate of secession
was Gov. Joseph E. Brown, of my own State,
Georgia. He did more to carry the non slave
holders with him, and by their vast prepon
derance of tporc than 16 to 1, to force the
small minority ot slaveholder* ifito sepession,
than all the Southern leaders united. His ar
gument was this. He said :
“‘lf Mr. Lincoln is elected, the Abolition
parly will come into power, pledged and deter
mined to abolish slavery, and to make the ne
gro the equal, socially and politically, of the
poor whites. What will be the results 9
“ 1 The Constitution recognizes slaves as pri
vate property, and provides that private pro
perty shall not be taken for public use without
just compensation. Abolish slavery, and the
first, result will be that you, mechanics, labor
ers aud small farmers, Will be taged to pay for
them.
“ 1 The next will be a reduction of your wages
and of the value of the products of your labor.
The slaveholders, said Gov. Brown, are also the
land owners, and they own the bank and rail
road stocks. They will still bp able to provide
for their families. It will not be they or their
children, but it will be you and your sons and
daughters, who will have to compete with the
negro for employment, and whose wages will
be reduced by that competition.
“ ‘ But not only will the price of your labor
lie reduced, but your social status and that of
your children will lie degraded. Theorists and
fanatics may talk about equality, but wealth
will always and everywhere produce a social
inequality. The emancipated negroes will not
think of intruding into the well furnished par
lors of their late masters; but they will force
themselves to the humble fireside of the poor
white mechanic and farmer, to insult them anl
their families by demanding their daughters jn
marriage.’ ’’
l A delegate here raised a point of order that
Mr. Green was not speaking to the question.)
“Mr. President and gentlemen, what is the
question yoq have submitted to this commit
tee ? Was it not. to report what wofild be the
effect on the wages of the working men of the
North of this emancipated negro labor; of their
abandoning the production of cotton, whiph is
the corner-stope of the profitable employment
of so many of those wbopi you represent; of
their laying down the shovel and Ifie ||pe, and
ceasing to cultivate the agricultural products
of the South, which your resolutions at Balti
more last year declared to be of vital import
ance to the workingmen of the North; of
then crowding into Southern towns and vil
lages, and coming North, to set up as jack-leg
mechanics, to underwork and underbid yon,
making up, as I have said, by stealth and petty
larceny, the difference ip wages? Was it not
to report on what will be the effect upop the
social status of your constituents of declaring
that this inferior and degraded race—not de
graded by having been slaves, for by that they
have been elevated and christianized and semi
civilized, but degraded by their own nature
and instincts ; was not this committee appoint
ed expressly to report what, will be the effect
on the social status of the laboring classes of
the North, of making this degraded race your
equals, entitled to sit by you iu the caps and
churches and all [daces of putdic resort, and to
send their children to sit on the same forms at
school as the equals of your children, and enti
tled - for it follows as a necessary consequence
of this doctrine of negro equality—to marry
your sous and daughters? Mr.. President, my
remarks go directly to the question brought
before yon by the report of the committee. I
present it in the light in which it was viewed
by the white workingman of the SJoijlh, when
they forced the reluctant slaveholders into the
war, and fought it. through four long years of
suffering and self denial, with a courage and
determination and againstjodds almost unpar
alleled ir. the history of the world. No, gen
tlemen, neither in its inception nor in its pro
secution, can the late war be truthfully sajd to
have been the Slaveholders’ Rebellion. It was
the poor white man’s war; the mechanics, the
workingmen’s war, and they fought it with
stubborn obstinacy, because they were unwill
ing to have the price of their labor reduced or
their families degraded by this false doctriue
that a negro is as good, if not a little better,
than a white mechanic. It was in vain that the
slaveholders, as a cliss and with rare excep
tions, threw their whole weight against seces
sion. In vain they urged that Mr. Lincoln, in
liis speeches at Columbus and Cincinnati, and
on many other occasions, had unequivocally
declared himself in opposition to negro equali
ty and negro suffrage. In vain they pointed to
the Senate and to the Supreme Court, to the
Democracy, the workingmen of the North, and
to the Constitution, as safeguards and insuper
able barriers to the degradation which the non
siavebolders feared was intended for them.
“ Led on by Gov. Brown and excited by his
arguments, which I have briefly stated, the non
slaveholders swept the few and reluctant slave
holders into the vortex of secession. Then in
deed the slaveholders displayed as ranch cour
age and determination to fight it out as the non
siaveholders, and when they found it necessary,
they, with rare exceptions, urged the policy of
putting the negroes into the army as the only
alternative against defeat. Bat the non-slave
hblding poor whites recoiled from and re
jected the proposition, and as the entering
wedge of that very odious doctrine of negro
equality against which they had rushed to arms,
and their opposition prevented its adoption
UDtil it was too late.”
[The speaker’s time having expired, cries of
“Go on, go on, we want to henr yon,” and
the rules were suspended to allow him to con
tinue.]
“ This is no place for long speeches. You
are on expenses here and losing wages at home.
I therefore coine at. once to the point. Why
are you here t Is it not because you are so
crushed down beneath the heavy taxes and ex
travagance of the Radical party nowin power,
that yon cah scarce keep body and soul
togethff ? And what are the remedies pro
pOAsfl ->»A favorite measure is the eight hour
law. Jrad what will be its effects ? For • a
while flejfew, who are employed on Govern
lntot works, may not find their wages reduced.
Bolt soon the governments, State aud Gen
cnfc vrll couform their rate of wages to the
by private employers, and the latter
will say * very well, you reduce by law the
hours’ of labor, I reduce prices in the same pro
portion. Where I paid $1 00 for ten hours’
ljbor, I will pay SO cents for eight hours.
Too, who are so borne down by taxes on every
thing you use, down to the match with which
you light your fire ; I ask you, who can’t feed
and clothe your children by working ten hours
and getting a dollar, how much better will you
be »ff. when yon work only eight hours and get
only 80 cents ? This question of time does not
go to the root of the evils under which you labor.
They arise from unequal, partial, class legisla
tion, from legislation, at the expense of the
great industrial masses, who pay the taxes, for
the benefituf those who live by the taxes, and
JOf the nefttro, by whose votes these last propose
to lay ntag ' : burdenß on yon. And yet I have
heart many, who are asking for an eight hour
law, say that this organization should have
nothing to do with politics or political parlies.
How can you get even the so lunch desired
eight hour law without legislation, and how can
you get legislation without making your influ
ence to be felt by the political parties and poli
ticians Who make the laws ?
“ There is not time to review the legislation
of this Government; but I ask you, when you
go home, to take it up aud examine it lor your
selves. You will find that from the founda
tions of the Government down to the begin
ning of the late war, the South always voted iu
Bolidjcolumn with the workingmen and indus
trial classes of the North on every measure of
government that tended to keep up the value
of labor and the price of wages, and to keep
dowa the cost of living. And why was tills ?
The South did not act from false and hypocrit
ical pretences of a mock philanthropy. The
fact is that the much-abused system of slavery
bad the effect of identifying the iutercsis of t he
slaveholders with those of all white working
men both at the South and at the North, aud
though they were comparatively few in num
bers, their influence was exerted and felt in the
dissemination ot correct, political information
through stamp speeches, which, as well as
slavery, were a peculiar institution at the South.
By this peculiar institution the poor whites oi
the South were better informed and better post
ed on political subjects than the same class in
the North. The secret of the sympathy ni
feeling between the slaveholding and non
slavebolding whites of the South is to he
found in the fact that the slaveholder was the
owner Os daily labor, and directly ioter ested in
keeping up the price of wages and the value of
the products of labor, unimpaired by unequal
or class legislation. He bad to feed am, clothe
and otherwise support that laborer, aud be was
therefore directly and personally interested in
keeping down cost of living, unenbanoed
by taxes imposed for the benefit of a few favor
ed individuals and privileged classes.
“A few words more. Have you reflected on
what will be the effect of the Reconstruction
Act of Congress ?. Tin; effect will bo-io bring
back the little Stale of Florida, controlled by
some 25,000 or 30,000 Ignorant negroes, with
two Senators in Congress to neutralize the
votes of the two Senators from ibis great State
of Illinois, and with as much voice in laying
taxes on yoor labor and on your property. It
will bring back ten Southern States, with
twenty Senators, representing only some 2,000,-
000 ol lazy, ignorant negroes ; supported by
that great negro-trading monopoly, the Freed
uien’e Bnreau, and controlled by the party o;
tax consumers, of national banks, and other
privileged and lavored classes. Against them
the great States of Illinois, Ohio, New York
and Peqnsylyaqht, with their j 0,000,000 ot
white inhabitants, can only oppose eight Sena
tors. They, on whom the taxes must fall, to
support these privileged classes, including the
negroes themselves and their Bureau ; you, rae
chauics and farmers of the great States I have,
mculioqed, will be oqt-yoted jn the Senate in
the proportion of twenty Senators to eight on
every question of taxing you to support them,
and in the election of those Senators, one idle,
lazy, vagabond negro in the Soutn will weigh
as much as ten hard working, industrious me
chanics in the North and East, or as many in
telligent farmers in the West.”
[From the Daily Advertiser.
The So-called Election.
*
This thing, the Saturnalia ot the nineteenth
century upon this continent, has finally pome
to a close for tbia occasion. For four days a
stream of votes has poured in, more than one
haMfbf which would not be recognized in any
State of that Northern section which forces
them upon us. The election has been quiet,
and the quiet has been secured, not so much
by the presence ol bayonets (a fact, in itself, a
terrible sarcasm on the treedmon of the citizen
and the stability of Republican institutions,)
ns by the constant exertions of the Conserva
tives, yylie thronged the polls and whose con
tinued efforts were directed not more to the ac
quisition of votes than to united action with the
military and police to preserve order and quiet.
4nfi liepe we jpiist pause to bestow the high
est praise upon the gallant and uuterrified col
ored Democracy and leaders, who, worthy
of the great and time-honored party in which
they have enrolled themselves, have proved that
they are worthy of the highest aud licet enco
niun). These men before the election were
ipade the objects sis the niost bitter and bloody
denunciations ; they were assured that their
lives and property would surely be sacrificed
should they dare to vote the Conservative
ticket, as their convictions and consciences told
them they should vote. They were proscribed
apd [gepapod. It, required no little degree of
courage to face tbp storm, vyhicli the Radical
policy of intimidation held before them ; but,
thank God, these brave colored men, true to
conscience and real manhood, stared the
threatened danger boldly in the eyes, did their
duty nobly and manfully, and proved them
selves worthy of any trust which may hereafter
be reposed in them. All honor to John Chip,
to Jackson Brand, to Osborn Wray, to Francis
McNeill, to Thos. Scott, to Fred. Law, to Wm.
l'ollard, and to scores of others, w4 om we can
not enumerate, but all of whonj we equally
honor.
But if one thing more than another redounds
to their credit, it rests in the fact that, after
they found they were in the majority at the
polls, they refused to remember the base and
cowardly'means of intimidation used against
tberq, aqd Btiil “ pursued the even tenor ol
their way,*' doing their duty calmly and fear
lessly. preserving the peace and evincing no
animosity at the miserable means used by the
Radicals against their ireedora of action. Ou
the last three days of the election the Conserva
tive colored men were in the majority at the
polls, and to their predit be it said, they controll
ed their anger under their great provocations,
behaved orderly aud followed the law.
We infinitely admire the brave and gallant
colored men who have stood by their early
associations—au admiration almost as intense
towarls them as is our contempt for the miser
able wyetch who, an educated and professional
man, dud born at the South, has from the most
sordid- motives, cast reproach upon an honor
able ns me and grief upon honorable men, un
fortunate enough to be his relatives, by shame
lessly appearing at the polls to advocate the
Radical cause. We mention no name ; let the
cap b 4 woru by him whose conscience tells
him it fits; and let him remember that there
are sotfie disgraces worse than crimes. •
The colored men of the city, educated by
association and trainiug, voted the Conservative
ticket j the brutal and ignorant negroes of the
country voted the Radical ticket, almost to a
man; »ud this in itself is a test of the com
parative merits of the two parties and the re
spective causes they advocate.
Dar|ng Robbbbt— United States Bonded
Wareiouse Broken Open—Twenty-One
Boxes, of Tobacco Stolen.—Some'time last
night i party of burglars effected an entrance
to Dr. N. L- Angicr’s bonded warehouse, on
Foißytl street, by drawing the 6laple to the
United, States lock with a crow-bar, and un
locking the private lock with a skeleton key.
The etlrance is at the side door, where the
goods here taken out upon the street and load
ed upoht a dray. They succeeded in getting
tweuty-Ane boxes of tobacco, of the be6t
brands. Smith A Richmond loose seventeen
boxes, fnd Meador & Bros, four boxes. The
wlioli loss is estimated at SBOO. No clue to
the rebbers has yet been lound.
[Atlanta Opinion, 23 d.
Ghviotevillb Manufacturing Company.
—Atu meeting of this corporation, held on
Thursday, the following officers were elected:
President —H. H. Hickman.
Directors— J. F. Boyce, W. L. Trnnbolm,
Wm-iGsegg, A. S. Johnston, H. Beattie, J. M.
Clark, 4- B. Davidson, Graniteville.
DBtp>—The colored man that was run
thronib the body by a bayonet during the riot
at ttaefcity Hall on Thursday, died early Friday
mornj|g*and was buried in the afternoon.
[From the Atlantic Monthly, for April.
The Clear Vision,
BY JOHN G. WHITTIER.
I did but dream, r never knew
What charms our sternest season wore.
Was never yet the sky so blue,
Was never earth so white before.
Till now I never saw the glow
Os sunset on yon hills of snow,
And never learned the boughs designs
Os beauty in its leafless lines.
Did ever such a morning break
As that my Eastern windows see ?
Did ever such a moonlight take
Wierd photographs of shrub and tree/
Rang ever bells so wild and fleet
The music of the winter street ?
Was ever yet a sound by half
Bo merry as yon schoolboy ’s laugh ?
O Kaitli 1 with gladness ovoifraught,
No added charm thy face hath mut’d;
Within my heart the change is wrought,
My footsteps make enchanted ground.
From couch of pain and curtained room
Forth to thy light and air I come,
To find in all that meets my eyes
The freshness of a glad surprise.
Fair seem these winter days, and soon
Shall blow tlie warm west winds of spring,
To set the unbound rills in tune.
And hither urge the bluebird’s wing.
The vales shall laugh in flowers, the woods
Grow misty green with leafing hods,
And violets and windflowers sway
Against the throbbing heart of May.
Break forth, my lipß, in praise, aud own
The wiser love severely kind ;
Hi nee, richer for its chastening grown,
I see, whereas I once was blind.
Tlie world, (), Father! hath not wronged
With loss the life by Thee prolonged ;
But slil! with every added year,
More beautiful Thy works appear.
As Thou hast made Thy world without,
Make Thou mere fair my world within ;
Shine, through its lingering clouds ~f doubt;
ltehukc its haunting shapes of sin ;
Fill, brief or long, mv granted span
Os life with love to Thee and man ;
Htiike when Then wilt the hour of rest,
But let my last days be my best I
[From the New Yoik Tiihun.-, Apr,! 18.
The White Fawn.
“A COUNTRY MERCHANT” SEES IT, AND IS
SHOCKED—HE DESCRIBES THE PERFORM
ANCE, AND INDULGES IN SOME WHOLESOME
COMMENTS THEREON.
The curtain rose at eight and dropped at
eleveu o’clock, and lor three long hours a large
and apparently respectable audience witnessed
the scenes that were presented with profound
attention. I was surprised to note so little ap
plause, for, though tne spectacle is confessedly
popular, and had already ben presented over
sixty nigbts, on’y a few manifested outward
pleasure, and the people sal. hour after hour
perfectly quiet, gazing at those dancers, and
seeming to rue either fascinated or amazed. I
remember very well -that, long ago, wheu La
Bayadere was played in St. Louis, the applause,
it such it could be called, was more astonish
ing than anything I bad ever beard. To a great
extent tlie audience was composed of ‘mer
chants, bar-keepers, and river men, with a fair
proportion of ladies. When the female dancers
began to expose their persons, (he applause
consisted ot storms of claps and stampings;
but. when the exposure increased, and reached
its full extent, though not to as great a degree
as the White Fawn, a scries of screams and
yells arose so loud, so terrific and unearthly,
that they seemed to come from infuriated crea
tures, not from human beings. lean explain
tlie difference in no other way than by sup
posing the New York audience so refined, and
perhaps so religious, as not to permit itself to
lie carrjed away.
These'dancing worapn, as may be supposed,
are as good looking as can he obtained. They
are generally young, and, if old, such arts as
are known >o make them look young are used,
Their dress can be described in a few words.
It is fastened to the lower point of the shoulder
bv a narrow band ; it crosses behind along the
middle of the shoulder blades ; in Iront across
the middle of the breast; it extends nearly
twelve inches below the bip-joiuts, and the arms
are bare. The lower limbs seem tightly cover
ed with a thin flc'-h-colored fabric, and this is
met at the base of the body by a garment of
some kind of illpsion goods, similar to what
we used to sell for Grecian lace, lying in layers
or puffs, and totally concealing all that p.TO ot
the body. The feet are elegantly and* lightly
clad. The dancing is mostly confined to mak
ing a display of the lower limbs, and a common
and often repeated posture is to stand on one
limb and to raise the other so as to form ol the
two a right angle. The latest improvement in
this school of art and high culture requires a
male assistant, who receives the dancer, iu the
midst of her dancing, upon some part of his
person, so that her head and shoulders wjll
downward and fronting, or sideways to the
aqdieuce, while her feet are in such a position
that the illusion goods are displayed. One
great feat is to have two at one time hang over
his shoulders, or he, and several other dancers,
combine, to obtain positions that will give va'-
riety to the display.-this description i.; im
perfect, j am pertain that many of your readers
will tie able to correct me.
A triend has furnished me a glass for the
occasion, which, though not much dissimilar to
those in fashionable hands, wis made tor an
other purpose, was of great pow er, and I could
Rce which of the dancers were powfiepefi,
whiph had painted carmine lips, and which
were padded. It was so ooweiTul that what to
most others appeared as charming faces showed
me anxious and distressful eyes, and for the
second time in my life 1 learned that a woman
may have the most enchanting smile on her
lips wlfilp hey heart is sinking with despair.—
As the hours passed one exposure was lollowed
by apother, and, if possible, by anew one.—
The gaze of the spectator became rigid, each
sat like a statue, and tired nature found relief
in loDg drawn, fluttering sighs. It was about
an hour before the continued repetition began
to have much effect, which was marked by
each ceasing to whisper or to smile. Evi
dently there was a determination to show no
emotion, and to the last to gaze unmoved.—
But sprue are sp constituted' that, whatever
may be their culture and refinement, they do
not have this power, for these insensibly relax;
each new exhibition was an assault upon an
exposed and crumbling fortress, and, as such
applause as arose at St. Louis was suppressed,
the nerves alone could give an expression.
Every man who goes to such a place at once
looks tc the ladies in the audience, for he won
ders what jt is that can be attractive to their
eyes. To every man the first sight is repulsive,
and it can be no less so to a woman. The
change in the mind seems to come gradually
and by a process similar to acquiring a liking
for unnatural, or even disgusting stimulants.
Wo know a little, but perhaps enough, of mag
netic influences, and it is not improbable that a
woman’s ideas in such a [dace are second hand,
in casting my glass around the audience, near
the close of one of the most noted displavs, 1
saw several ladies with trembling lips, but'fiu a
moment they assumed their accustomed firm
ness. Finally, with little beauty aud less mean
ing, with a confusion of fern leaves, a reclining
of partly nude figures, of ascending and de
scending designs, and amidst a gleaming and
glare of various colored lights, the curtain fell
on the infamous scene. Half stifled by the
close air, choked and partly hennmbed, the
audience slid away like a guilty throng, many
huskily remarking to others upon the splendor
of the closing view.
One of my impressions on beholding so
many young women capable of adorning so
ciety, and being made happy, yet so lost to
shame, was that they felt it would be a greater
shame to earn an honest living, or that they
had sought it in vain. Turning to the audi
ence, 1 conld not help thinking that each had a
poor opinion of each. The lady coming in
with a gentleman either had" been cold to her
husband, or linxi left him. or was in a fair way
to leave him, or she had never been married,
hut had better be ; that gentleman, bringing a
lady whose train swept the aisles, hud otlTcr
claims far away, or his domestic life was fever
ish and unhappy; and the young men, coming
by themselves, had come to lay the foundation
for domestic infidelity, and for a waste of op
portunities and means. The saddest sight was
in the young couples, with rosy cheeks and
hopeful eyes. How many sittings are required
to corrupt a young girl I do not know ; but I
felt that no place can equal this for debauching
the soul, and that when a girl, at last, is de
lighted with these scenes, her day of ruin can
not be far away. For, before one comes to ad
mire these things, the finest sensibilities must
he shocked beyoud expression, aud modesty—
that especial jewel of the human soul—must be
degraded to the dust. To sit in that place,
hour after hour, colls into being such a feeling
as never arises in any intercourse between
those who love, and - who hope to be united, or
betweeu those who have been united long,
and it is unkuown in any other condition of
life. I would liken it to a mephitic vapor from
the sea of torment and death, which finds an
unguarded entrance to the soul, and wanders
from cell to cell in the remote and profound
depths of our being, till, at last, it comes into
time and the present, and grapples with ull the
sweet charities of the heart.
BY TELEGRAPH. 81
ASSOCIATED PRESS DISPATCHES.
W ashington.
Washington, April 24.
The Impeaehment Court meets hereafter at
noon.
Edmunds moved Senatorial speeches ou final
vote be published by official reporters.
Sumner objected.
The motion goes over.
Nelson resumed his argument.
Tlie House did up business.
Nelson spoke all day, and kept Senators and
galleries well seated and interested throughout,
the attention becoming closer as the effort
drew to a close. The points were well made,
in some cases startling.
Groesbecb speaks to-morrow.
The end will not be reached under two
weeks.
A pointed part of Nelson’s speech implicates
tour of the managers iu the Aita Vela affair,
which interrupted relations between the Presi
dent and Judge Black.
Just before the Senate adjourned, the Presi
dent’s Secretary arrived with a number oi
messages.
Immediately after adjourumeut, an ilea
crowd gathered around and the messages were
opened amid apparently inteuse anxiety, show
ing that the President’s action is still regarded
ot some moment.
The President withdrew the nomination of
Ewing, and nominated J. H. Schofield Secreta
ry of War. vice Stanton, to be removed.
Grant has issued an order, instructing com
manding generals in the military districts com
prising the States of Virginia, North Carolina,
South Carolina, Georgia, Florida, Alabama,
Mississippi, Louisiana and Texas, that, all ves
sels arriving at ports within their commands,
trom -ports infected witli the yellow fever,
cholera or other epidemic disease, but having
had no eases during their passage, be quaran
tinued for fifteen days and thoroughly fumi
gated.
Short Cabinet meeting td day. All present.
Customs for week ending 18th, 53,141,000.
Election 3SI ews.
Ralelgh, April 24.
The following majorities are reported against
the constitution : Catawba, 800; Iredell, 1,000;
Orange, 600; Alamance, 300; Cleveland, 700;
Cumberland, 200; Rowan, official, 477; Lin
coin, 200; Gaston, 200; Daves, 250; Duplin,
400; Sampson, 600. New Hanover, Craven,
Erigebert and Halifax are largely Radical by
decreased majorities. Carteret gooe Conserva
tive-, but no figures; Franklin is doubtful.—
Chatham is reported against the constitution;
Wayne (or the constituiion by 213 majority, of
ficial; Wake between 800 and !K)0, including
Raleigh, 804, official, for tlie constitution.
Wilmington, April 24.
Columbus, complete, 373 Conservative ma
jority ; Bladen and Robeson small Radical ma
jorities ; Richmond doubtful, with the chances
iu lavor of the Radicals ; Duplin, 487 Conserva
tive majority ; Brunswick small Conservative
majority ; Halifax, complete, 1,650 Radical ma
jority ; Edgeeomb reported about 1,600.
Returns thus far indicate that the vote ou the
constitution will be very close. The extreme
Western counties will decide it.
Macon, April 24.
No votes have been counted. The day was
spent in assorting aud comparing with the reg
ister. Accounts from Southwestern Georgia
are still more favorable to the Democrats.
Nearly every county has gone against conven
tion and elects full Democratic ticket.
Newbern, April 24.
The Republicans claim Craven by 1,944 ma
jority, and Lenior by 300 majority. Rumored
Greene by 150 majority tor Republicans; Jones,
official vote, 148 majority for Republicans;
Carteret, majority against constitution, 26.
Savannah, April 24.
The Board of Registration commenced
counting the votes at 4, p. m. The delay was
caused on the question of admitting challengers
aud others. The city vote, up to 7:30, stands :
320 Conservative; 261 Radical. The large boxes
are yet to count. The Conservatives claim a
majority, ft is the general opinion that the
Conservatives are ahead in the city by a largo
majority.
Ordeis were received to-day by the oom
mander of the post, from Gen. Meade, to noti
fy the Daily Advertiser to pease incendiary and
inflammatory articles, or it will be suppressed.
"V irginia.
Rich.mo no, April 23.
Ex-Governor Pierpont, yesterday, preferred
charges (.0 Gen. Grant against Gen. Schofield,
charging him with setting aside the laws of
Virginia and ot Congress for the purpose of
enabling ex-Confederates, who could not take
the oath, to occupy valuable offices iu the
State; and further, that Schofield’s appoint
ments have tended to discourage the Union
cause in Virginia,
Richmond, April 24.
Miss Putzcl and Mortimer Cox, of this city,
a ferryman and negro, were drowned Wednes
day night whilst crossing the James river, at
Jude’s ferry.
At a Republican meeting, this evening, three
thousand negroes were addressed by Mr. Hun
nicutt.
Schofield issued an order this morning that
Congress having made no appropriation to de
fray the expenses of the election in Virginia,
for ratification or rejection of the constitution,
the election will not place June 32d, unless
Congress should make an appropriation before
that time. If the election does not take place
on that day. Congress will doubtless substitute
a later day, al which due notice wi'l be giveu.
Louisiana
,JiEW Orleans, April 24.
A grand Masonic procession took place to
day, occasion by the consecration of the Ma
sonic Cemetery. All the grand officers of the
State were present and organizations of highest
degrees were represented.
Further returns increase the majority for the
constitution in the parishes. It will be some
days before the result ean be officially promul
gated. The constitution is ratified and the
Radical State ticket is elected beyond doubt.
The Republican says: The seat ot Mann, De
mocratic Congressman elect from the first Dis
trict, will be contested by the defeated Repub
lican candidate. Frauds by Radical tools in
the city and county are charged, and cases cited.
In one precinct of this city over a thousand
more votes were polled than registered; one of
the registers reports officially to the Command
ing General that one of the ballot boxes bears
marks of violence and shows conclusively that
it has been tampered with.
Illinois.
Chicago, April 24.
At a Fenian meeting the floor broke and sev
eral were hurt and one killed.
Foreign.
|BY CABLE. I
London, April 24.
An Abyssinian special dispatch says the Chief
of Waggnrat, who professed friendship while
Napier was passing through his territory, is
now operating adversely in Napier’s rear, at
tempting to cut Ids communication with the
sea.
The Budget was presented. Gladstone at
tacked it.
The Times and most of the Liberal journals
say the estimates of the Budget are indefinite
and unsafe.
Later news from Japan by the Tycoon states
that Boski has retired from the government.
The M.kado offers indemnity for the murdei
of French soldiers at Osaka.
Marine IST ews.
Charleston, April 24.
Arrived—Schooners C. E. Raymond, Boston :
Samnel Eddy, from Jacksonville for New York,
leaky ; brig George, Darien, Ga.
Sailed—Moneka, for New York.
Savannah, April 24.
Arrived—Steamship Cleopatra, New York ;
ship Australian, Havana.
Cleared—Steamship Fannie, Baltimore; ships
John Fatten and Henry, Liverpool.
Wilmington, April 24.
Cleared— James A. Gary, Baltimore.
Markets.
FOREIGN AND DOMESTIC.
London, April 24—Noon.
Bonds dull at 70.
London, April 24—Aiternoou.
Consols, 93%@93%. Bonds, 78.
London, April 24—Evening.
Securities unchanged. Chinese tea season
closed ;* exports for the season, 113,000,000
pounds.
Liverpool, April 24— Noon.
Cotton buoyant and advancing; sales, 15,000
bales ; prices same ; sales of the week, 83,000;
exports, 25,000; speculation, 0,000; stock,
480,000 whereof American, 321,000. Bread
stuffs and provisions quiet. Produce dull.
Liverpool, April 24—Afternoon.
Cotton active and advancing; sales, 20,000
bales ; stock afloat, 841,000 ; whereof American,
90,000 bales ; uplands, on spot, 12% ; afloat,
13; Orleans, 13%. Corn, 38s. 6d. Wheat
quiet. Pork dull. Lard active at 655. 3d.
Liverpool, April 24 -Evening.
Colton firm; sales, 20,000 bales ; prices same.
Manchester advices lavorable. Lard firm. Su
gar quiet. Others same.
Paris, April 24.
Bourse routes firmer ; bullion iu the banks of
France increased, $9,000,OIK).
Havre, April 24.
Cotton strong ; ties ordinaire, on spot, 153 ;
afloat, 50.
New York, April 24—Noon.
Stocks active. Money, 6@7. Exchaugc,
10%. Gold, 139%. Old bonds. 12 ; new, 8%
@B% ; Virginias, 50% ; Tennessees, 68.
New York, April 24-P. M.
Sterling easier at 9%@9%. Gold, 139%®
139%.
New York, April 24—Noon.
Cotton % better, at 32% lor uplands.
Freights quiet. Turpentine firm at 70. Rosin
very firm at $3 45 lor common, and $3 50 for
good. Flour firmer. Wheat lc. better. Corn
dull and drooping. Pork steady ; new mess,
S2B. Lard firm at 18%.
New York, April.24—P. M.
Cotton %e. better ; sales of 4,500 bales at
32%. Flour firm and dull ; State, $9 80@11 40;
Southern, $lO 35@15. Wheat lc. better. Corn
lc. lower ; white Southern, $1 14@l 16 ; yel
low, $1 21@1 24. Oats heavy. Provisions
firm. Mess pork, S2B 06 ; old, $27. Sugar
firm ; Muscovado, 11%@12%. Turpentine, 69
@7O. Rosin, $3 35@7. Freights quiet aud
steady.
Baltimore, April 24.
Cotton firm at 31%. Flour active at yester
day’s prices. Wheat firm. Corn—white dull
at $1 lo@l 11 ; yellow firm at $1 21@1 23.
Oats very dull at 85. Rye firm at s2@2 15.
Mess pork linn and unchanged. Bacon quiet
and unchanged. Lard unchanged.
Cincinnati, April 24.
Flour (inn. Corn advancing, 91. Provisions
—speculative demand. Mess pork, S2B. Lard,
18. Bacon—shoulders, 13%; clear sides, 17%.
St. Louis, April 24.
Flour and corn quiet. Provisions advancing.
Mess pork, $27 75@28. Bacon—shoulders,
13%; clear sides, 17%@ 17%. Lard, 13.
Wilmington, April 24.
Spirits turpentine closed firm at 66. Rosin’s
in demand; strained, $2 50; No. 2, $3 60; No.
1, $4 25 ; pale, ss@6 75. Window glass, sB.
Colton advanced %; middling, 29%. Tar Arm
at $2 50.
Mobile, April 24.
Cotton—Sales, 1,250 biles ; market advanced
%c.; holders careless sellers at quotation ; mid
dling, 33; receipts, 524; sales week, 2,900; re
ceipts week, 2,804 ; exports—foreign, 3,757 ;
coastwise, 453 ; stock, 32,078 bales.
New Orleans, April 24.
Sterling, 52%@54%. New York sight, %
premium. Gold, 140%. Sugar—Cnba, Nos.
12 and 13, Molasses offered at 46%.
Flour dull at $9 12%@9 25. Corn dull at
1 03. Oats firm at 75. Hay, 18@20. Mesa
pork firm and advanced to S2B 75@29. Bacon
—shoulders, 13%@13%; clear, 18%@18%. Lard,
19. Cotton active and advancing; middling, 32%
sales, 4,200 bales; receipts, 1,288 bales;
exports, 3,840 bales ; sales of the week, 8,400
bales; receipts ol the week, 7,981 bales; ex
ports, loreigu, 12,967 bales; coastwise, 333
bales; stock, 54,722 bales.
Savannah, April 24.
Cotton quiet; holders asking an advance;
buyers holding oil; sales, 290 bales ; middlings
held at 31%@33 ; exports, 8,010 bales uplands
and 495 bales Sea Islands to Liverpool; no re
ceipts.
Charleston, April 24.
Cotton active and advanced %c.; sales, 1,450
bales; middling, 31 gi)3l%; receipts, 124 bales;
exports—coastwise, 30 bales.
f Correspondence New York World.
Hatching) Ohickens in Egypt.
On the opposite bank of the river is the
rather dilapidated town of Geezeh, where the
process of hatching eggs by artificial heat is to
bo seeu. The Egyptians have long been la
mous for this art. The Emperor Hadrian, who
visited Egypt in the year 134 A 1)., mentions
this practice iu a letter, which is so quaint that
I cannot refrain quoting a portion ot it: “This
Egypt (he wrote) which you extolled to me, I
find utterly frivolous, wavering, aud Dying af
ter change of rumor. They who worship Be
rapis are Christians, and some who call them
selves bishops ot Christ are devoted to Bera
pia. There is no Jewish ruler of synagogue,
no Samaritan, no presbyter of the Christians,
who is uot a mathematician, an augur or a
soothsayer. * * * That one God of i heirs
is no God; Him the Christians, Him the Jews,
Him even all the gentiles, venerate. I could
wish indeed the city (Alexandria) were better
manoeuvred and worthy of its importance,
since for magnitude it holds the first place in
Egypt. I have granted them everything, re
stored old privileges, and added so many new
ones, that they give me great thanks while I
am here ; but the moment I am gone they will
speak against my son Verns. as I believe you
know they did of Antinous. I wish them
nothing more than to feed on their own chick
ens, which they hatch in a way too ridicnious
to be mentioned.” The building in which the
hatching is carried on is a long, low structure,
built ol sun dried bricks ; dark, smoky and un
comfortable within, and decidedly unattractive
without. On each side of the interior is a row
of small ovens arid cells for fire, divided by a
narrow-vaulted passage, each oveu being about
nine or ten feet long, eight feet wide, and five
or six feet high, and having above it a vaulted
cell for fire of the same size. Each oven com
municates with the passago by au aperture
large enough lor a man to enter, and with its
fire cell by a similar aperture ; the fire cells,
also, of the same row communicate with each
other, and each has an aperture In Us vault for
the escape ol smoke, which is opened only oc
casionally. The passage, too, has several such
apertures iu its vanlted roof. The eggs are
placed upon mats or straw, and one tier above
another, usually to the number of three tiers iu
the ovens, and burning “ gelleh ” (dung of ani
mals mixed with chopped straw) is placed on
the floor of the fire cells above.
The entrance of the building or vaulted pas
sage is well closed. This huildiug contains
about twenty ovens, and is said to receive
during the hatching season, which is only in
the spring, about 150,000 eggs, one-quarter or
onc-lhird of which generally fail. The attend
ants of the ovens receive the eggs from the
peasauts and givcß in return one chicken for
every two eggs received. The general heat
maintained during the process is from 100 de
gree to 103 degrees Fahrenheit- On the
twentieth day some of the eggs first put in are
hatched, but most on the tweuty-flrst day; that
is, after the same period as is required in the
case of natural iueulfation. The chickens are
placed in the passage, where they remain a day
or two before they are given to the person to
whom they are due. The above particulars of
this process I have obtained from Lane, who
gives all the necessary particulars on page 310
of his valuable work on the modern Egyptians.
To fowl raisers this subject may be interesting.
In the year 1831 the following official report
appeared in the Egyptian newspapers:
Lower Egypt. Upper Egypt.
Number oi establishments
for the batching of
fowl«»eggs in the present
year... ........ 105 59
Number of eggs used 19,325,600 6,878 900
N umber of eggs spoiled... 6,265,867 2,529 660
Number of eggs hatched.. 13,069,783
Both the chickens and the eggs of this coun
try are very small, whether on account of the
manner in which they are hatched or not, I
know not. The flavor is however, as good, I
think, as of other countries, *
