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About Daily constitutionalist. (Augusta, Ga.) 1846-1851 | View Entire Issue (Oct. 30, 1849)
THE CONSTITUTIONALIST ! j JAMES GARDNER, JR. TERMS. Daily, per arm mi I'n-VVeekly, per annum.. .................. 6 00 If paid in ajvtoee ....6 00 V' ! 'v. p • m.uui, it paid iu advance.... 200 i nr-, teriua are iflcred to new »übscriber» and all old »nt.:>cnbers who pay up all arrearages. In no case will ili« w eekly paper be sent ai s“i, unless the money accompanies ike order. In no case will it be seat at st,oo to an old sub scriber in arrears. [T7* When the year paid for at sil,oo expires, the paper, if not discontinued, or paid for in advance, will be seat on tne old terms, $2,50 if paid at tha office within the year, or £O,OO if paid after the aspiration of the year. ILf”Postage must be paid on ail communications and letter* of business. [ Telegraphed for the Baltimore &un.] FURTHER ITEMS BY THE EUROPA. Tklbohph Office, Sacxville, N. 8., } Wednesday, Oct. 21—8, P. M. ) The steamship Europa, Captain Lott,arrived at Halifax this morning, with 123 passenger's, and was to have left for Boston at 1 o’clock. She brings the announcement of her own arrival at Liverpool on the 7th inst., with five days later intelligence from New York than that by the steamer Washington, which arrived at Southampton on the 6th inst. England- The returns of the Chancellor of the Ex cViequer for the October quarter has been published. The customs duties for the quar ter ending the 6th inst. exhibit a decrease of £163,211. The excise has increased £185,- 000 ; stamps about £225,000 ; property taxed £21,000; and post-office revenue £100,000; and the increase iu the past quarter, taking the whole income, the balance of the increase of the quarter is £214,113, whilst the total in come of the year ia £236,591. The increase in the exports of the country during the first eight months of the present year, amounts to £7,570,000. The exporta tion of cotton manufactures for the last eight months has increased in the ratio of 25 per cent, and cotton yarn 34 per cent. The papers have nearly ceased to chronicle the ravages of the cholera. Ireland. A faint effort is being made to revive the political excitement of the country. Concilia tion Hall has been opened—letters of adhesion, as of old, have been read from the chair, and £25 6s. rent collected. John O’Connell is, of course, the principal. Tho Turkish and Russian Difficulty. Pending the decision of the Emperor of Russia upon the appeal made to him respect ing the extradition of the Hungarian refugees, the English papers contain many reports res pecting the probabilities concerning the issue, but of course nothing definite can be arrived at until the resolution of the Emperor and his Imperial Council shall bo made known. The reply of the Emperor, which was expected with the most intenst anxiety, would, it was thought, reach the Turkish capital about the 10th or Pith of October. In the army of 100,000 soldiers assembled around the Turkish capital, drilling and re viewing were going on from daylight to dusk. A letter of the 25th ult., states, that before entering the Turkish territory, official assu rances were given to Kossuth, that he and his fellow refugees were welcome, and should be allowed to proceed to any part of the world. A considerable number of refugees have been put on board American corvettes and the French steamer L’Averin. Their destination is said to be Greece. Kossuth has written a very eloquent letter on his present position to Lord Palmerston, which is published entire in the, English journ als. From Widden the news is somewhat start ling. It appears that Amillah had been sent to urge the refugees to embrace Islamistn, and has not been unsuccessful. Kossuth, Detn binski, Guyon, Zamoyski, and others, all swore that no person should induce them to aposta ey. Bern had no such scruple. The most unwelcome feature of the news from Turkey is, that those pascalies in Europe, which are partly Greek and partly Turkish, are in a state of great foment in consequence of the threatened rupture between Turkey and Russia. Under the influence of Russian emissaries, chiefly members of the Greek church, three vassals of the Sultan betrayed a serious intention of taking advantage of the present opportunity to get up a revolt. The greatest activity prevails in the sending of couriers for and from all the principal ports of Europe ; but the general firmness of the public funds indicate that the prevailing opin ion is, that no serious results will arise. The correspondent of the London Times, writing from Paris, says that a note address ed by the English government to the Ambas sador at St. Petersburg, on the subject of Con stantinople, couched in firm, moderate terms, contains not a single expression or threat cal culated to wound the susceptibilities of Nicho las, whilst it announce# the determination to support the Porte against exigencies that would compromise the dignity of an indepen dent sovereign. Lord Palmerston has, likewise, sent proper instructions to Sir S. Canning, and has placed the Mediterranean fleet at his disposal, which has, by this time, sailed for the Dardanelles, I have also reasons for repeating.that France has imitated the conduct of England, and that the most perfect unanimity exists between the two powers. Affairs iu France. The Moniteur announced the appointment of Lucien Murat as Minister to Turin and M. Bois La Cornpt, now' Minister to Turin, as Min ister Plenipotentiary to Washington. But the fact w’as stated, of w'hich there was no doubt, that the government was totally igno rant of what had passed in America when M. Bois was named. The only allusion made in any of the pa pers received, to the difficulty between the French and American governments, is the following, copied from the Paris Presse:— Some explanations of the affair are necessary. The French government demanded an indem nity for the losses caused to Pranch subjects by the war with Mexico. This demand hav ing met with some difficulty, the French gov ernment charged our minister to announce to the American government that the indemni ties claimed would be kept back out of the annuities not yet due out of the twenty-five million francs for which we were the debtors of the United States. It appears that the let. ter written on the subject by M. Poussin was couched in rather unsuitable language, of which the French government, maintaining the claim, has expressed its disapproval. In consequence of the illness of M. Falloux , the discussion in the Assembly on the Italian question, and the affairs of the River Plate, to gether with the American and Turkish dis- i putes, have all been postponed. Gn the 4th instant, the Assembly were principally occupied in discussing a bill rela- t live to the completion of the Louvre. The I bill demanding a credit of fifteen millions of 1 francs for its cot pletion, and the lengthening of the Rivoli, wh.oh, after a lengthened dis- t cussion, was passed by a majority of 330 to 39. ♦ As was expected, the proposal of M. Napo- I Icon Bonaparte has met w ith the approval of the Committee to which it was referred. They declared that the of the Bourbons, and amnesty to the insurgents of June, being included in the same proposition, established an unbecoming assimilation of the two parties mentioned, and at once unanimously decided on recommending the Assembly to take it un der consideration. The proceedings of the Assembly, between the sth and 11th inst., are quite unimportant. Gen. de Hautpool has been appointed to take the place of Gen. Rostolan, who definite ly refused to stay at Rome, notwithstanding the overtures of M. Mercier. M. Trappoli, the ex-Envoy of the Roman Republic, who is accused of having published false news from Rome, which occasioned the movement of the 13th of June, in Paris, has been sent under an escort of yeas d'armes to Bologne. The loss experienced by the foreign com merce of Paris, in consequence of the revolu tion of February, amounts to 599 million francs, as compared with the returns of 1847, when the total amount of the foreign trade was 2,019 million francs. It is stated that the government is to recall a portion of the army in Italy, and to leave a division of 10,000 men at Civita Vecchia. A single regiment is to occupy the capital of St. Angelo, and the Spaniards are to enter Rome. Italian Affairs. The French government had received ad vices from Rome to the 4th inst. A iettter from Rome states that the effect of raising the state of siege of that city, demand ed by the three cardinals, will be to deprive the French general of all authority in civil and political questions, and to invest the cardinals with unlimited power. The French prefect of police had, in consequence, apprised several ex-deputies of the Constituent Assembly that warrants had been issued against them by the pontifical police, but that the French authori ties would suspend their execution until the Ist of October, and that, in the mean time, they should have a free passage to France, with the liberty to reside there. Sixty deputies left immediately. Vast crowds attended them, cheering them and hearing their remarks of respect. The emotions of the people had a visible effect, not only on the French troops but the govern ment.” Qglt is reported that the Pope has taken alarm at the numerous assasinations of French sol diers, and believes that there is an extensive plot for his assassination, if he should return. He expressed a wish, therefore, to remain at Naples during a portion of the winter. The announcement at Rome, that the pub lic and private pecuniary engagements of the republican government would be respeoted, has gained some popularity for the Pope. Private letters from Geneva, of the 4th, mention that Garibadi, on arriving at the island of Madalena, demanded pasports for England, with the intention of proceeding thence to the United States, where he intended to settle. Since then, however, he has received proposals from the Montevideau Envoy, who offered him command of the forces of that republic, which offer it is believed he will accept. The reply of the Emperor, which was expect ed with most intense anxiety, would, it was thought, reach the Turkish capital about the 10th or 12th of October. Apprehending that the decision of the Czar might be a declaration of war, the Porte was exceedingly impatient to learn the effect produced upon the cabinets of London and Paris. A large fleet of steam ers is collecting in the waters of the Bosphorus and in the harbor of the Golden Horn, between the entrance of the Black Sea and thePropon tius and the Sea of Marmora. There are twelve ships of the line at anchor, fully equipped and plentifully supplied with arms %g,d provisions. In the army of 100,000 soldiers assembled around the Turkish capital, drilling and re viewing are going on from daylight till dark. A letter of the 25th ult., states that before entering the Turkish territory, official assur ances were given to Kossuth that he and his fellow refuges were welcome, and should be allowed to proceed to any part of the world. A considerable number of refuges have been sent on bord American corvettes, and the French steamer L’Aveniere. Their detination is said to be Greece. Sardiuia- DISSOLUTION OF THE CHAMBER—CONSPIRACY Discovered, &c. —The Ministry having de manded successfully of the Chamber of Depu ties to sell 900,000 trances of rents, in order to pay the first instalment of the indemnity due to Austria, it has been officially announc ed that the Chamber at Turin will be dissolv ed. Report says that a formidable conspiracy has been discovered in Piedmont, which was to have broken out at Genoa on the occasion of the landing of the body of Charles Albert. It appears from the French and Piedmon tese correspondence seized by the Turin au thorities, that the conspirators on both sides of the Alps reckon on the refusal of the French army of the Alps to make against them, and there is good reason to believe that if .hey had consented to march into italy at all, it would be to give their support to the Piedmontese patriots, and not to oppose them. Austria aqd Hungary m Jthas been rumored that the Hungarian re fuge** near Widden,the leaders excepted, have applied for leave to return to the Austrian ter ritory, and their request would be granted. The statement that Georgey had been shot at Kagenfahl by a brother of Count who was executed by the Hungarians, has been contradicted.--Several Hungarian leaders, besides Kossuth’s mother and Guyon’s wife, are kept in close imprisonment by the Austrian authorities. Previous news relative to the snfrendpi of Comorn, is fully confirmed, the patriots who held possesion of the fortress succeeded iu making very favorable terms with Austria. Prussia- The Wurtemburg Government has formally intimated to the Prussian Ministry that it will not join the federal league proposed by Prussia, Hanover and Saxony, and that Hanover has already announced its intention to withdraw from this contederatiou, Sicily The affairs of Sicily has been nearly arrang ed. The island is to have a distinct adminis tration from that of Naples, with a Consulte or Chamber chosen bjf the municipality. Commercial Summary; Liverpool, Oct. 13.—1 fwe except great ex citement which has prevailed in the Cotton Market, business during the week has not been active. 1 he Produee Markets, both here and in Lon don, continue to receive large supplies, and most descriptions of goods there has been a for moderate inquiry. The Corn Markets are firmer, and, if any thing, have an advancing tendency. Never theless, the transactions going forward are by no means extensive. In cured provisions a moderate amount of business has been transacted, prices of most articles being firm. There is considerable steadiness in the corn trade. From the manufacturing districts we have accounts that in an around Manchester a healthy trade prevails. The money market is liberally sustained, and the rates of money easy. The cotton markets has been much excited. / | On Monday when the Europa's advices were | known, prices immediately advanced RL per j lb., and both spinners and speculators purchas ed to a large extent. Tuesday was a holiday at the public offices, and ou ednesday when the market re-opened, the buying was as brisk | as ever, 30,000 bales having ch-nged hands. On Thursday the sales were 20,600 bales, and yesterday a large business was transacted at very full prices which are now i|d to id per ; lb. dearer than on this day week, The sales of the week extend to 116 770 bales, of which speculations have taken 48,000 and exporters 17.000 bales, leaving the trade 66,000. The American descriptions sold were 22,050 Up lands, at a SJ: 33,760 Orleans, 4i a 7id; 10.000 Alabama and Mobile, at 4| a 6id; S2O Sea Island, at 8? all per lb. The Commercial quotations as declared by the Board of Brokers at their meeting yesterday, ere, fair Orleans, at 6 id; fair Upland and Mobile, 6d, and Mid dling quality, 5J as| per ib. The estimated stock of cotton at this pore is 499,000 bales, of ■which 341,000 are American, against a stock at the same period last year of 350,000 bales, of which 292,000 were American. Liverpool Corn Exchange, Oct. 13th.— There is more firmness in the grain market, and in the course of the past week prices have slightly advanced. Indian corn is quoted at 2Sd to 29s 6d per quarter for white, and 27s to 28s per quarter for yellow, Flour is not much altered in value being at 23s for W es tern canal,and Philadelphia. 19s to 21s: for new Western, 24s for Ohio Old srur. Flour is worth 2ls to 21s 6d per bbi. Wheat was held . at 4s 6d to 6s 6d, At present there is no In dian meal in market. Havre Cotton Market, Oct. 11. —Havre 1 advices of the 11th state that on that day the cotton market was extrem ;ly animated, caus -1 ed by the arrival of advices Tom Liverpool. On Wednesday, the sales a- Havre were 3,312 bales, at an advance on the j vevious days’ quotations of 2f. London Money Market, Oct. 13.—The latest sales of American Securities are thus quoted : U. S. Loan, 1808, lu3 a 105; Mary land, 1889, 87 to 83 ; Pennsylvania, 1870,92. ’ Money is abundant for ail legitimate coratner * cial purposes. Discount of first class paper is readily obtained at 2i per cent. Bankers’ 1 bills, at short dates, have been done this week ' at 2 per cent., while commercial bills drawn against cotton speculators, are beginning to be looked upon with some distrust, here and in Loudon. In certain quarters, money is offered 1 freely on loan in the share market at to 5 * percent., on good securities. Public securi -3 ties have been very steady during the week. * Consols closed on Friday at 92R and on Sat urday reported by telegraph at 92i to 92jJ. Senator Houston ( This gentleman has written a letter in reply to one from Col. Gadsden, both of which are published in the Texas papers. A large por i tion of the letter is grruviv personal. Thecon eluding paragraphs . nmy; his opinions and e purposes in relation ).» 1 e Wilmot Proviso we copy as a matter of .u'.erest at the present 5 time: v “I have been charged by some uncandid per i sous with being in favor ct the Wilmot Provi so. The charge I pronounce false. No one - on earth can be more opposed to the Wilmot » Proviso than I am, and ever have been. This e Proviso, by its very terras, applied only to ter t tory hereafter to be acquired by treaty or :i otherwise; and not to that already held by the t United States. It had no connection, with, or s bearing upon the Oregon Bill, and in guiding my action upon that measure, the Wilmot » Proviso had no influence. I regard it as of n mischievous tendency, and doubt not that it - originated with those who cared more for their own advancement, than for the harmony and •, well-being of the Union. l “I have never believed that Congress could adopt the Proviso; er that it would be bind i ing upon the States, even in the event of its - adoption without their seperate sanction or . general acquiescence. i “Legislation by Congress on the subject of - slavery in the territories, is, in my opinion, s useless and injudicious. The line of detnar b cation between free and slave States is fixed by . the compromise. The right of States, lying i south of the line, to be admitted with the in b stitution of slavery, if the people asking such i admission require it. cannot, be questioned. “The spirit of the rule would, in my opin ion be infringed should Congress by law at tempt to exclude the institution from any ter ritory south of that line. “I assert the principle that Congress has no right to legislate upon the subject of slavery r in any es the Territories of this Union. It i's ' an institution exclusively of domestic regula j tion, subject alone to the ccntrol, jurisdiction j and authority of the several States, each act . I ing independently for itself. Congress would ' j have the same right to impose slavery upon a * ! State unwilling to receive it, as to exclude it 11 from one desirous of retaining it. The adop ’ tion or abandonment of the institution, in like manner, refers itself entirely to the choice and option of each independent member of the Confederacy. Should New York determine | ! to revive the institution of slavery within her . j limits, or Louisiana resolve to abolish it in her . own, so long as each retained a republican 3 ' could no more rightfully interfere with the action of either in thi§ behalf, than the Khan of Tartary or the Pacha of Egypt. They who honestly seek to circumscribe the territorial ; limits of slavery in this Union, to ameliorate - j the condition qf the slave or to abreviate the i era of servitude, would if influenced by hu ; | mapity, prudence and ordinary intel) { -„ enc , | never resort to Congress to eS*:X their object’ i > inasmuch as that body must be guilty n| I , | usurpation of power, before it coqld act upon * | tbeir applications. Slave Ifibr.. must he render l ed unprofitable iq thv.territory where it is now advanta t embraced before it wiF be a F b^ndoned. “Whether the improvements of any age will effect so great a revolution in our social sys tew. the future must disclose. But, until the i Change is peacefully brought about, with the co-operation and consent of the people of the ! aluveholding States, the institution will con i' tlnue . t 0 exist » subject to such modifications regulations and restrictions, as the domestic Legislatures may impose, 6o Tr, however, as the subject under consideration relates to the existing territories of the United States, I believe, that in less than two it will be amicably settled by their ad minion into the union as States, under constitutions, with or or without slavery, as the people may desire. 1 hen the odious Proviso will To nut to rest forever, ana Nullification wiZI have performed the last act of her comedy, and be hissed off the stage. The Survey of tub Nahvillb and Chatta nooga Rail Road Completed. —The Engineers this week, completed the final location of the Nashville and Chattanooga Rail Road, from Cumberland mountain to Chattanooga. We understand from them that it is not determin ed whether the road will cross the river in this State or Alabama. If the Company succeed in getting a favorable location from the State of Alabama, for that portion of the Road which would run through that State, they will cross the river below the island in Alabama—if not 1 it will cross above the island, and be located i entirely in this Slate, IjThe Directors are call- i ed on to meet on the 7i;h proximo, to transact some important bu>ir.ev», They will have ( another meeting ha D ember, when it will * probably be determined whether or no the I Road will be put under contract from the point > where it crosses the river to Chattanooga f forthwith.—CAari«/*ix>jP» Oateite, 241A imst. Messrs. Armstead & Turner are making ra pid preparations to commence the i ork pac ing |in this place. Neither of the principals are here at present, but are looked lor con stantly, when they will commence cashing a 1 Pork ’Hogs or Beef Cattle that may be olfered. We understand that they will allow the raur- I ket prices for all that they purchase.— lb. THE CONSTITUTIONALIST. 2lng«sta, vßeorgia. TUESDAY MOKKTING, OCT. 30. Double the Watch-House Robberies- Various depredations have been and con tinue to be, nightly committed of late, upon our citizens, by thieves entering their dwel lings while the inmates are asleep. We hear every day, of fresh burglaries or at tempts at burglary, of dwellings and stores. Though our citizens are generally upon their guard, and use all the precaution in their power, this seems to be no check to the evil. The audacity and perseverance of the robbers appear to increase. They have grown bold by impunity. In several instances they have found entrance by tearing open the shutters and hoisting the sashes of windows, and have gone into bed rooms and searched the pockets, and even felt under the heads of the oc ;u --pants, in quest of money. One had the auda city coolly to light a caudle by a match, alter obtaining entrance into a gentleman’s house. But the proceeding aroused one of the family ' and the fellow escaped after a short pursuit. 1 Another entered tho house of a gentleman, a commission merchant, who the night before had carried home in his pocket book, the sum 1 of five thousand dollars—went into his bed room and searched his pockets and under his [ pillow for the pocket book. He did not find i the pocket book, and did not attempt to take 1 any thing else, though watches and other } valuables were in the room. The robber must have got notice in some way that this gentle man had carried this large amount home, and - hoped to find it or some part of it there the second night. He too, escaped without de tection. Several other robberies and attempts have ’ been related to ua as having taken place in the city and on the sand hills. In some <s brought to our knowledge, i the keys of doors have been pushed from the s locks, no doubt for the purpose of effecting an 1 entrance by means of false keys, but the noise disturbed the inmates and the thieves made . off. a The police are on the track of one or two c men strongly suspected of being concerned in * those crimes, and it is hoped that they may be r arrested and brought to punishment. The } police have a clue which may lead to detec tion. But there is not a sufficient force of Con s stables and Watchmen employed to guard the t city. The extremes of the city and back streets r are necessarily neglected. There are but the I City Marshal, two Constables, and fourteen [ Watchmen, in all. These alternate with each - other—one half being out at a time. Thus 1 the whole city is guarded by eight or nine P men—a force wholly inadequate under pre p sent circumstances. Would it not be advisa ble to double the watch at this juncture, and urge the watchmen to redoubled vigilance. We would also recommend to our citizens to be prepared with tire arms in their dwell t ings to give the villains a warm reception. If one or two could bo shot in the act, it would hiiee a very wholesome effect. A New Digest of Georgia Statutes Since Prince’s Digest, which comes down , to 1837 only, one thousand nine hundred and fif ty-one new laws have been enacted by the Le gislatuie of Georgia. Yet since then we have had no complete and reliable Digest. A new Digest is therefore much needed, not ouly by our Courts and lawyers, but by all Magis trates, Civil Officers, amlothers, whoseduties, or whose interests lead them to refer to our Statute books. The simple fact above stated, alone proves our proposition, Xt ia proposed by Mr. T. R. R. Cobb,, Reporter es the fcq preme Court, to supply this He is a gentleman in every yf-ay ■yuo*’' ~ highly so—to execqtp " r fore us hia WRj** >V e bave be ' to tfi« Legislature ' a 18 to be subm i“ed that ,ifth»f>' ’ re T uesti ng an assurance the v- proca 'oorLfy. it shall receive patronage of the State. lo prove the necessity of such a work, the mwaorialkt publishes the letters of two of the Judges of the Supreme Court—of eight Judges of the Superior Court, and of seventy-five lading lawyers of the State, testifying to that effect. We take pleasure in adding our humble opinion in favor of the enterprise. The plan contemplates several improvements upon pre vious Digests, and will, if carried out, prove a great public benefaction. It is as follows ; Os Mr ?• ad ° P *’ e enera lly* th e arrangement of Mr. Pnnce-our people being familiar with ! V'TV* °* * at P lan ’ b 7 « astern of double heading. by which to make reference ea# l ’ a ? d 7/ a 80 bj copula notes under each JkufpH jf */ enable the moi * «n --ute easily “*** U find Bn y Stat 3d. To add to each Statute a note of the construction placed upon it by oar Supreme l he sR by T glVing t 0 each Magistrate, in ne book, the Law, scattered as it is through several books of Reports. ♦t 3 u‘ B J Btrikin S out Useless matter, to make the book portable and familiar to every one who may desire to know the law. Arrival Extraordinary.—We are inform ed, (says the St. Louis Reveille.) by a gentle man from up the river, that we may expect the arrival, about the middle of November of a full-rigged schooner, built at Mineral Point, Wisconsin, and transported thence across the’ country forty miles, to Galena, whore she was launched. She sails direct for San Francisco, via Chagres and Panama, the design being to draw her on * truck across the Isthmus.— , She u. owned ana will be commanded by the . builder, a Mr. Butler. I 3 not the country wakmg up? 3 1 mi-m ■ Trip to tbe Tunnel. We are informed that the contractor ex- . pects on Friday next to let daylight through the Tunnel, and that a party is being formed iu our city to go up on \N ednesday night, so as to be present on the interesting occasion. This will be quite an era in the history of Railroads in the South, and has long been looked forward to by our citizens with a com mendable feeling of State pride. Me wish the partv a pleasent trip and safe return. We understand that the State Engineer ex pects that by the Ist of December next, a Lo comotive will pass clear through the tunnel, thus realizing a nobis triumph for the State ol Georgia. Thanksgiving: in Maryland. Thursday, the 29th November, has been set apart by the Governor of Maryland, to be ob served as a day of Thanksgiving and i rayer. Bright Star. —At the recent meeting oi the Association of Science, Dr. Robinson said that Sirius, seen through Lord Roscoe s tele scope, was utterly insupportable to the unpro tected eye, so that a person might as well at tempt to look at il directly as at the concen trated light of the charcoal poin*s produced by the action of an electric baf.ery ; and the at tempt made on one or two occasions by him was followed for several hours by a spot of light, varying from intense red to blue, being constantly before his eye ; yet, when properly viewed, it was a beautiful tharp head of in tense light. Cuba.—The N. Y*. Sun, w hich is presumed to be well informed as to the contemplated outrage against the Island of Cuba, states that the organization for that object “ is at this mo ment as vital and formidable as on the day when the Proclamation was uttered against it.” Tennessee has at this time within her limits 47 furnaces and 92 bloomeries, forges, and rolling mills. In the manufacture of iron, she stands as the third State in the Union. Scarcity of Atples.—From all quarters, says the Boston Mail, we hear of the failu re of the apple crop. Already good apples are un usually high, fine Baldwins readily bringing $4 per barrel, and for an ordinary article $3 is asked. The Hon. Richard Rush. —The Philadel phia Pennsylvanian announces that it is in contemplation, by the political friends of the late American Minister to France, Mr. Rush, to tender him a pablic dinner on his return from Europe, as a proof of their high estimate of the manner in which he sustained the char acter of the American Republic, during the excitement which broke out shortly after his arrival in France as the representative of the United States, Taxation for Frkb Schools.—The people of Indiana have declared in favor of taxation for the benefit of Common Schools. The a mount of tux ig to be ten cents on each hun dred dollars’ worth of real and personal pro perty. The property of the State being $140,- 000,000, the tax will be next year, $140,000. In addition to this are the profits of the bank stock; the surplus revenues, and Saline funds; and three dollars on every policy of insurance on 'he property within the State, by compa nies not chartered by the State. £he sources will yield about $200,000, which added to the sura derived from taxation, will make 4’340 - 000. To this are to be added all fines for vio lations of the penal la as, forfeited recognizan ces, and the interest of monies derived from the sale of school lands, which will swell the entire yearly fund for Free School purposes to $500,000. Thb is a magnificent sum. Completion of the Road—The Chattanoo go Gazette of the 26 th inst. says—We are in formed that a locomotive entered this State one day last week—the first ever in the Sitate The work is rapidly drawing to a Ql uie , e have heretofore set the fiftt December - the time for the fa n>a *h CW* aS but if the continue# a -anooga, likely they wi\l b* avorable, it is S the phief ore sooner. We hope else f wIU advi9e U 8 of the P™- Vh*- 1 ' ° r tWO before the arrival, that j , • world may be invited in time to be here at the advent of the steam horse into our em bryo city. Arrivals of Emigrants.—An official state ment has just been made out, showing the number of passengers arrived at New York from foreign countries, during a period of six years, ending 30th September last. The ag gregate is one million otw hundred and fifty thou sand and five hundred, a number equal to the resident population of the city nearly three times over. Ireland and G ermany, of course, are responsible for more than half the new comers. Mounted Riflemen.— lntelligence has been received at the War Depart ment from the Re giment of Mounted Riflemen ordered to Ore gon last spring, under the command of Col. Loriug. On the 22d of July they were eu camped on a plain seventeen miles west of Fort Bridget—officers and men all well, and in excellent spirits. They were expecting to reach Fort Hall on the 4th of August, and the plains of Oregon early in the autumn. Cultivation of Rice in Alabama.— The MobißHerald announces the receipt of a por tion of the new crop of Mr. Haggerty, near Wetumpka, in that State. He will make a hundred tierces this year; and the quality is superior. The Herald says greater profits can be derived from the culture of Rice than from raising Cotton. It ia a good example of the benefit of diversifying the pursuits of the South-west. The Roswell Factory have declared a divi dend of six per cent for the past six months with a surplus of $25,000. on a capital of about s9B,oofi. This is the smallest dividend they have made for many years past. Large RECEiFTs.-The N~o7Delta of the 23d mat. says: “There were received at this port yesterday .Idv.n three hundred and nineteen bales of. Cotton, the largest amount on any single day this season. On the 22d of last October the receipts were only U9mt9sH Steam between N. Yoke and Lxveupool.— It is stated, that Mr. Cunard’s new contract with the British Government, amounts to £145,000 per annum ; by a new provision, he is to be allowed to run his steamers direct be tween Liverpool and New \ork —no longer calling at Halifax—as soon as the new Ameri can line of steamships begin their trips. This shows they intend to run the Yorkers as hard as possible, but competition is the life of trade . Death of an Eminent Composer.—We hear with regret (savs the New York Express,) of the death of Charles E. Horn, Esq., at Boston, where he has for two years past been residing, 1 He died yesterday, at about the age of sixty two or three. Few musical composers of our day will be found to have left a more enduring record on the pillar of fame than this distin guished artiste. \ Telegraphed for the Charleston Courier ,' Baltimore, Oct. 27, The Mails by the steamer Europu reached? Now York last evening. Livkkp ol Cotton Market.—The sales on Saturday were reported at 20,000 bales, and at very full prices. Baring’s circular sms the Europa’s advices produced a great excitement in the market, and very large transactions took place at advance, since which time prices have further improved, and middling Orleans was quoted at s|d. Miscellaneous —From Austria, we learn that 1200 vessels have been engaged in con veying the sick and wounded from Coniorn. American Claims against Portugal.—A leading house in New York has received pri vate letters from a merchantile hou-se in Lis bon, containing information that the Ameri can Government had directed its Charge to demand from the Portuguese Government an unequivocal answer in relation to American.- claims upon it tor spoliations. The answer must be given by the Ist of November next, and this must be conclusive as to the determ ination of the Portuguese Government to pay or to resist payment. New' York Cotton Market.—/*_ private despatch to a mercantile house m this city, stales that there were 4UOO bales Cotton sold* at New York on Saturday last. For fair quali ty Ilf cents was obtained, being an advance of from jjths to i a cent on former prices. Arrival of the Carolina.—The steam <>Vp Carolina, from this port—as we learn from a private dispatch—was below at Philadelphia, on her way up, at 5 o’clock, A. M. on Satur day. Baltimore, Oct. 28—12, M. The English papers and circulars have ar rived ; there is, however, nothing additional beyond previous reports. There is no change, in the price of Bice. The English Government opposes the cl ail« of the American Company regarding Ni.caaa gua. I hey assert that it is based on Sj-w-ffala lion, and if the Americans insist on their claims they design offering re-istance. The London limes says If the Americans intend forcing a communication between the Atlantic and Pa cific Oceans to the whole world, England wilh not resist. New- York Cotton Market.—’l’ w market dosed on Saturday eve Va% with priced 2-nn i ITT'?’ ' fb * reached 2000 bales, hair Uplands U*; and Fair Gr arnval of the Euro bales b e5 ‘ for the 12 >50d Kice. The sales of the week reach 800 tcs,„ At of ant*. * , •-bur has declined six pence; Corn was sell ing at 64 and GO. Exchange on England was quoted at 10$ peer cent. prem. [ Currespondenon of the Baltimore SuiiJ Memphis, Tenn., Oct. 25—P. M. Ihe Railroad Convention met at *) O V’ -...c this morning, pursuant to adjourn mtnr A resolution w«» passed, appo .min , , nultee of one from each Btate " . . the Convention to teport u 00n .? “T .'“f the Pacific Railroad, and J ‘ B \ ,b J ect of for the action of the O jny / u P“ r ' i,ußn, '» B On motion, the «r, minitu . r °" m Convention, werf , rrom , . . u 8 in relation to ° l .° prcs f nt then: views coiihtrucrin- * e feasible plan for the construction f a ,^ Jrc ad tQ the P £ cific . c o ninuitt^S? b t^| h, T the I c , hairmail of the rp i ; . 10lu toe bt- Louis Convention, thou . v ai ! addrea?, stating in effect that it was «ll the subject should behold above P ( or party feeling, and that the two , liv entious should cordially' unite in further ing the consummation of the great object in. vie w. On motion, the: report for the present was laid on the table- Mr. Whitney the original proprietor of the scheme for a railroad to the Pacific, watt invited to take a seat in the Convention as a guest. Mr. Larue, of Louisiana, offered a series of resolutions favoring a National Road and Isth mus Road. On motion, the resolutions were referred to the appropriate committee. * Mr. Smith, of Texas, offered a resolutio* m i f«vor of constructing a military road, com mencing at Red River, below 23d and 24th de grees of North latitude, and that block houses be constructed along the route for shelter. Mr. DeCrotv, of Louisiana, moved to ap point a committee of seven to memorialize » and to collect all desirable informa , f* ori which can be obtained to further the ob ject of the Convention. Mr. Miles, of lexas, offered a resolution iia favor of a route from ban Diego down the Gila, river to some point between 32d and 33d de grees north latitude, with branches between the mouth of the Ohio and Red rivers; and that Government be requested to include the ua river in the proposed survey, and pur chase such additional territery as might be np \ * n ie Constr uction of the road. Mr. Loughborough moved that the route should be so located as to give all the States au equal participation in its benefits. Mr. Watkins, of Arkansas, offered a resolu tion affirming the power of Congress to con struct a road to the Pacific, as a measuie of national defence, &c. An interesting debate here sprung up rela tive to the powers of Congress, and the reso lution was finally laid on the table— the Con vention voting by States. thJday COnVention Bhortly after adjourned for Able speeches were made by Gov. Jones, of ennessee, Mr. \ eager, of Mississippi, and Laru <> «nd Forshey, ofLum.Uu., e route across the Isthmus of Teh uante pcc received much attention, giving some very k ? J . ar 8 urn ents. It was strongly supported by Messrs.JYeager, Forshey and Larue f T -L*p*. An editor says : “ A fair young riena of ours recently invited us to imbibe the ragrance of her tu-lips ; we did so, with great unction, whereupon she boxed our ears, aud arfected to say she had allusion to a paltry flower of that name.” “ Alas, alas,” he there- I—--i-f 1 —--i-f orabZeS> “ tberc uo truth in woman.’ . w DIED, „ ai,- r county, at the residence of his on the 23 d mst alter a short and painful illness. Mr. Calvin VV. bunmonsV aged about 21 rears, ooi • PARTE , I> tb,! * l,le » at 9 o’clock, P. M., on the nf, 1 , ’’ ,n BawreneevilJe, Gwinnett county, Polk Q ClSCA < ’, ,ulant J * ou of N - L - and AI. D. Ilutchiw, aged y months and 7 days.
