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IfKGOTI ii ION.
All wars must comti to an end. This war
must, have a termination. Anil, as the
subjugation of the .South is now an exploded
idea, is demonstrated to he an impossibility by
the continued vietories attending our arms and
the continued defeat of every attempt to con
quer tiB —it must bo ended by negotiation. This
in its only solution. To this complexion it
'inust come at last.
The dispute muift bo transferred from the
field to the cabinet. Diplomacy must settle
what war lias failed to adjust. The United
Staten Government must do what it refused to
do before Hie commencement of the war—re
ceive our Commissioners seut to settle the
terms of a peaceful separation.
It is very certain that the controversy can
never bo ended by lighting. It is not to be
expected that either party will ever conquer
the other. This is not the aim of the South.
She is only fighting in defence of her inde
pendence and all that is sacred and dear to her.
She but asks to be let alone. And the North
ought to hg satisfied, by this times of the hope-,
lenue.ss of her scheme of subjugation. A con
tinuance of the war, therefore, can only widen
the breach between the parties. They may
still further exhaust themselves by protracting
n contest, the rudst wasteful and destructive
recorded in history, hut will be no nearer a
settlement of the difficulty. Negotiation must
conclude it at last; and the sooner the better
for both.
There is, in the Southern mind, a sincere
and universal desire for peace This is the ar
dent wish of both the army amd the people-
Our brave soldiers in the field, though resolved
never to lay down their arms uutill indepen'
deuce be acheived, and ready to fight on for
ever rather than yield their necks to a con
queror's yoke, would yet gladly see the strife
ended, would rejoice to return to their boroeß
and the peaceful pursuits of life. They have
taken up arms from a sacred sense of duty to
their country, a lofty impulse of patriotism.
They are ready and anxious to lay them down
whenever the necessity that brought them into
the field shall cease. Among them, there is a
universal sentiment in favor of negotiation.
lint Lincoln has just closed U’o door to ne
gotiation ; has rudely slammed it iit the faces
of the gentlemen who made overtures for its
commencement. Are we, therefore, to aban
don the attempt, we think otherwise. There
lies an appeal from the servant to the master,
from the President to the people, who made
him andean unmake him, and with whom at
last is tiio decision of the question.
Without any violation of our self respect,
without any lowering of omwlignUy as a nation,
we can approach the people of the North with
the olive branch of peace. We can make over
tures to them. To them wo can propose
the terms on which wa uro willing to conclude
a peace.
Novel as the proposition may appear, wo can
actually open negotiations directly with the
people of the North, and they have it in their
power to accede to our terms, by an immediate
decision which will be final and effectual. We
can tell them what wo aie willing to do. We
can make known to them our sentiments and
views, in reference to the settlement of the
quarrel between us. The Northern press, in
the peace interest, is ready to communicate
them. The ponce party of the North will be
glad to receive, and d'seuss them, in the ap
proaehing Presidential canvass. We can, thus,
furnish them live-very capital they want, to en
able them to carry the election.
The people of the North are now called up
on to decide this very question of peace. It
will bo the single issue in the approaching
Presidential campaign. Its settlement is taken
out of the bauds of Lincoln and Seward, and
their army of shoddy contractors and mercena
ry speculators, who are interested in continu
ing the war, and referred to the decision of the
popular voice. The people next # November,
will say whether they are for peace or war ;
and their verdict will decide the question. The
subject is now agitating ail rniuds. They are
’even now considering the solemn question,
however their riders have scouted it with af
fected contempt and disdain.
It does soem to us, therefore, that it would
be a most happy and judicious move at this
lime, for our government to make its over
tures directly to the Northern people for a set
tlement of difficulties. This id6ft is suggested
by the extraordinary articles on this subject,
which have recently appeared in the Richmond
Sentinel, which is understood to be 4 he organ
of the President. Those articles have the ap
pearance of diplomatic overtures. We think
we can trace in them, the hand of Secretary
Benjamin.-They bear the marks of his shrewd
aud acute intellect.
A flue opportunity is now prosented to the
astute Secretary of State to display his talents,
lu a species of diplomacy of a most novel and
interesting character. Never, perhaps, in the
history of the world before, was an occasion
presented for treating with a nation en masse,
for peace independently of its rulers. A large
party at the North, which is likely to be in the
majority in Novcuber, has already proposed
to end the war, on the basis of the independence
of the South, and a treaty of amnesty aud com
merce. It is only necessary to meet that party,
to respond to its friendly overtures, and discuss
with it the terms of adjustment. The popular
talents of the Secretary are just suited to the
task of conducting such a unique diplomacy.
We would suggest that instead of newspa
per articles of dubious authority, the Secretary
or the President address direct communications
to the Northern people, under his ofiicial sanc
tion. Lincoln, himself, has given a precedent
for this, in his recent proclamation to 1 luo.o
whom it may concern.” Why should not
President Davis ignore the Lincoln Adminis
tration, as Lincoln has his—treat it with silent
contempt, aud address the people, directly, af
ter his example? lie has been guilty of the
first breach of diplomatic etiquette, and is,
therefore, estopped from making any complaint
hereafter.
£ In a boat race at Albany, New York, lately
the distanced rowed a mile and return, was
piade iu eighteen minutes aud ten seconds.
AUGUSTA, GA.,’ WEDNESDAY MORNING, AUGUST 24, 1864.
STATESMANSHIP AND THE SWORD.
These are the grand agencies that shape the
destinies of nations. That settle their dissen
sions, and give directions to the current of hu
man history. The warrior and the statesman are
the architetects or destroyers of nations. The
magaciaas who rear the fabrics of human pow
er and glor'7, or level institutions in the dust.
The arbiters of international quarrels; the
authors and pacificators of international strifes.
The master sprits whose genius or valor
moulds the destines of the hum in race.
- Like the volcanic forces which, in remote
geological periods determed the physical con
figuration of the earth's surface, up heaving its
vast mountain chains, and scooping out the
channels of mighty rivers, as the groat
laud marks of wars are but the social
convulsions which adjust the political divi
sions of mankind, and, in the course of ages,
wholly change the political map of the globe.
How niHch have the destinies of the world been
effected by its decisive battles. The battle of
Arbela demolished at one stroke tluj vast and
spb-ndid fabric of tbe Persian empire, reared
by the genius of Cyrus, and entirely revolution
ized the political structure of Asia. The bat
tle of Hastings, prostrated Britain at the feet
of the Norman, and gave an impress to her
character, her institutions and social condition,
which haiHieeu felt through all the ages of
her subsequent eventful history, and is still
visible in the structure of her society and gov
ernment, and in the splendor of her civilization
and empire.
But equally has statesmanship influenced the
character and fate of natjons, and left its last
ing impress on human affairs. It was the states
manship of a Richelieu which inaugurated the
policy that converted the government of France
into an absolute Monarchy, and resulted in the
catastrophe o# the revolution. He it was that
first tamed the turbulent spirit of the haughty
Barons, who afterwards became the satelites
and minions of a court, so odious to the French
people for its corruption and tyranny, tln;t, in
‘their wrath, they scattered it to the four winds
of lleayen. It was the statesmanship of a Pitt,
equally with the generalship of a Wellington,
that curbed the vaulting ambition of Napoleon
wresting tbe sceptre of empire from his grasp,
and chaining him Promcthus like to a lonely
rock, lashed by the reproachful waves of (he
melancholy and moaning sea, to be torn by the
vultures of mighty but disappointed passions.
War, in this laud, has “yoked her red drag
ons to her iron car.” A wav the most stupen
dous and destructive of modern times, has
shaken the continent, has uplioaved the foun
dations of a Government, and violently and
forever disrupted a Union, vainly imagined to
be enduring as time itself. 'Mighty armies
surpassing in-numbers and martial spirit the
boasted armies of the old world, have met in
the shock of a hundred battles. Rivers of
blood have flowed, and countless hecatombs
of human victims have been offered on the
bloody altar of Mars. The sword lias done
its work. Nothing more is to be accomplished
by a continuance of the terrific strife, but fur
ther destruction and ruin. The South, at the
close of the fourth campaign, is Unconquerable;
and the North no nearer the consummation of
her scheme of subjugation than when she
began the contest. Both nations, reeling and
exhausted from the enormous expenditure of
blood and treasure, need repose, and should
seek a'cessation of hostilities. We have al
ready bad a twenty years war, if we compare
it with wars before the age cf railroads and
steamboats, and measure it by its vast ex
penditures of blood and treasure, the magni
tude of the debts created and the number of
lives sacrificed.
The time for statesmanship has arrived ;
when diplomacy, the great adjuster and pacifi
cator of the relations and quarrels of nations,
should call into requisition all its subtle arts
and versatile resources, to settle a controversy
otherwise interminable. But the occasion de-'
mauds statesmanship of a high order—broad,
dispassionate and enlightened. Narrow bigot
ry, fierce fanaticism, and obstinate prejudice
are out of place. Only statesmen of the most
enlarged and enlightened views, and who can
rise above tho influence of passion, are fit to
cope with the mighty problems to be solved.
Never, perhaps, in tho whoTS history of di
plomacy, was there a case so complex, present
ing such difficult and delicate questions, as
that which now calls for adjus!ment. Two
sections of tho mightiest Republic on the globe,
but recently blended in an intimate and com
plicated political Union, aud suddenly split as
sunder, now confront each other as hostile and
independent nations. Rare skill and a justice,
moderation, aud wisdom, seldom found, are
required to properly adjust .their novel rela
tions. Questions of boundaiy, of navigation
of rivers flowing through the territories of both,
oi international commerce and comity, have
to be settled, which will severely try the most
skillful diplomacy, aud the temper of both par
ties. Upon the right settlement of these com
plex questions will depend the future peace
and prosperity of both nations. It is only by
invoking a spirit of compromise, magnanimity,
aud forbearance that they can ever ho satis
factorily determined.
The statesmanship of the South, ever su
perior and predominant in tho old Union, is
doubtless equal to the occasion..
But on the other side there is a lack of state
manship, of all moderation, wisdom and digni
ty. We can expect but little from the blind
fanaticism, unreasoning folly, and haughty arro
gance of the Lincoln administration. Oar only
hope is in a change of rulers There are
statesmen in the rauks of the opposition—men
like Pierce, Seymour of Connecticut, and Val
landigham—who have stood aloof from the
war and its unparalelled iniquities,upon whose
iairness. moderation and good sense we could
rely for a just aud satisfactory settlement of the
subjects in controversy. To their accession to
power, we look for a termination ot the war,
and a settlement of our troubles.
Rallying for tub Dr. fence of Mobile.— As we
expected and predicted, the people of the State
are rallying for thedefense ot Mobile with won
derful promptitude and spirit. . We learn from
the Montgomery Advertiser that in all South
and Middlo Alabama, such a rally was hardly
ever known. The announcement that the en
emy’s fleet bad passed the forts was sufficient,
and without awaiting the call of the Governor,
the masses began to organize and start to meet
the enemy. We hear of hundreds and thou
sands that have laid aside their ordinary busi
ness, and donned the military for the emer
gency. At this time several thousand have
doubtless reached Mobile, while as many more
are on the way. The Yankees will be aston
ished to find the large army confronting them
in defense of that city, when they get nearer
or attempt a land a! Lick. The citizen soldiery
in Virginia and Georgia, have acquitted them
selves nobly, and those of Alabama will un
doubtedly do sa also.
The Yankees were crossing heavy forces at
Deep Bottom Bridge on Friday aud Saturday.
Mail Akiianoement. — The Administration
ghould certainly make some permanent ar
rangement by which the mails could be
trausfered daily between this city and Rich
mond. We sometimes receive New York pa
pers through the blockade of as late date as the
Metropolitan paper, are when they come by mail
The distance between the two cities is only
about* twenty miles, and daily mail communi
cation is due to the inhabitants of each, espe
cially so during these times of excitement. If
a little energy were -displayed, the matter
might be remedied at a little additional expense
and trouble. We hope the attention of the pro
per authorities will be directed to this matter.
Petersburg Express.
The above is simply a specimen of the way
the post office department affairs are conducted
over the Confederacy. Herti in Georgia, it
frequently takes three days for letters and
papers to go adislaucc of not more than twen
ty or thirty miles—wh6n both the place they
are mailed at and the place they are mailed to
are on railroad lines. Such a condition of af
fairs is disgraceful, to say the least. It is one
of the results of a picayune, narrow minded
management. If things keep progressing, we
shall soon be as far advanced in postal facili
ties, as were the nations of the fourteenth cen
tury. A l’ost Master General who tries to de
rive a revenue from his department at this late
day—after what has been said and written on
the subject by the leading statesmen of Eu
rope—must either desire to annoy and incon
venience the public, or not possess enough
practical cominou sense to know Hie true uses
of the post office department.
Another Military Prison. —We under .
that another military prison for Y mkees is t
be erected on the Central Railroad near Jlillen,
Notwithstanding the fact that the prison at
Andersoaville has been enlarged, it is still too
small to hold the captured Yankees. The
number at the pre-mit oe is over thirty-three
thousand, and r>: a an- ling daily.
The prison at 'indm otj .ille measures five
hundred and forty , -,r ; of way and two hun
dred and sixty the othf r. '. ho prison El
len is to be four tiinUed and fen
square. , / mjr
We arc informed the
have boon erected arof ~'"
spnville, on which a 1(
havt been mounted.
that ■ they can be ut
raiders without or Yanr.
the exigencies of the cas-
Old Yankee Postage S
state for the information of
ing letters North by flag of true*
waste of time to forward them to th.
Bureau, witli the -old United States nos.
stamps attached to the envelopes. All such,
letters we are told are destroyed. !
It should be generally known, by this
that soon after the commencement of the mJ*
the Yankee Government caused postage stamps
with new devices, to be prepared, and it is on
ly stamps of this description that can be ustfl
in the prepayment of letters sent through the
United States mail.
Bad Management. —The Savannah-Republi
can justly-complains of the neglect which per
mitted the Central Railroad bridge across the
Oconee to be destroy cd by tho late Yankee
raid. The citizens offered to guard the bridge
if they were furnished with ammunition, which
was refused. Our Confederate officials ought
certainly to be governed by a wiser and more
liberal policy. It is about time that red-tape
ism was cast aside—and when men volunteer
to defend public property they ought certainly
to bo supplied wi thpimniuni tion, even if they
do not happen to belong to some petty mili
ary organization.
Ch auac tkiustic Generosity.— S. Collins,
Mayor of Macon,Ga., acknowledges through tho
Telegraph the receipt of SIOOO 'from IVin. 11.
Young, the President of Eagle Factory, Colum
bus, for distribution among the destitute re
fugees of that city.
The noble aud patriotic acts of tho manager
of tlie Eagle Factory have boon very numerous
during the war. They show that some corpo
rations have souls. The Eagle Factory Com
pany has certainly set rnatiy an example well
worthy of being followed.
Tiib. North Carolina Election. —We have
already the returns from thirty-five out of
eighty-five counties, in which Gov. Vance’s
majority is 20,993. It will bo between forty
and fifty thousand, against 33,972 two years
ago. Holden’s, entire vote will probably be
between ten and fifteen thousand, out of an
aggregate vote materially larger than in 18C2.
llolden has majorities in two counties only—
Johnston and Randolph—and a few llolden
itos, perhaps ten or fifteen, are elected to the
Legislature.
, Richmond Prices. —We are glad to notice
that; tho prices of the necessaries of life are
declining in one section of the Confederacy.
In Richmond, occordlng to tho papers of that
city, flour has declined from three to two hun
dred dollais per barrel. Bacon, which a short
time since sold for nine dollars per pound, can
now be bought for six. This truly is a good
sign. We hope prices, at least of eatables, will
(fjkea start downwards in other sections.
Tiie SriKiT of a Noble Soldier. —The gal
lant Major General W. H. T. Walker, a few
days before his death, remarked to the editor
of the Atlanta Intelligencer that “he had ra
ther receive his death wound than see Atlanta
surrendered without contesting every inch of
ground for its possession;” that he “would
hang down his head in shame to see Georgia
overrun by the enemy and her men faltering in
their duty.’’
Mexico and the Confederacy, —Letters from
London by the steamer Sidon, state that the
Confederate Minister to Mexico, the Hon. Mr.
Preston, of Kentucky, having failed in his ef
forts to get Maximillian to recognize the Con
federate States, had again turned up atMorley’s
Hotel, the great headquarters of all secession
ist, and sympathizers with secession in the Brit
ish Metropolis. The talk was that he would
next try at Madrid.
Interesting from Kentucky— Private ad'
vices from Kentucky indicate that the reaction
of public sentiment in that State against ’‘neu
trality” and Unionism is rapidly extending.
Several influential politicians and others have
openly renounced their attachment to the “old
flag;” and, exasperated by the tyranny of
military officials, are doing everything in their
power to unite the people in opposition to the
Abolition dynasty.
Troops at Millepgiyille. —A large force of
infantry and artillery have arrived at Hilledge
ville. The papers of that place think that
these with the local troops already there will
be able to defend the place against any raiding
force that may endeavor to take the city.
Gen. Wade Hampton has been.appointed
commander iu chief of the cavalry in Virginia,
ENGLISH IV OR KING MEN, ON SOVTHEHN
INDEPENDENCE.
The London “Index” of July 7th contains
the following interesting account of a public
meeting in the town of Lees,' England, on the
Thursday previous;
A large public meeting of the operatives
and artizins of the manufacturing town of
Lees (Ofdham) was held on Thursday evening,
in the People’s Hall of that town, for the pur
pose of adopting a memorial to Her Majesty’s
Government, praying that Her Majesty might
be advised to take counsel with other Euro
pean Powers, with a view to,mediating between
the combatants in tbe American war.
When it is mentioned that Lees is situate
within a mile or two of so intensely Southern
a centre as Olilham—and that in no other bo
rough in Lancashire have the friends of the
Confederacy shown more zeal in giving their
neighbors frequent opportunities of comparing
notes upon American affairs—there is no room
for wonder that the inhabitants of the outly
ing and densely populated villages in that lo
cality should be as well intormed, and tonse
quently as decidedly “ Southern” as the well
nigh unanimous population of Oldham Itself.
About one thousand per le, chiefly mill hands
and skilled laborers, present, and the
conduct of the who!' igs appeared to
he left with advau' ’> in the hands
cl’ the working ir v
A working r '<e, upon
being voted * * : aform
the meetir other
working e, .on that
it was r j,, ,uire, con
siders .e the brunt
of * .1 to sey as to
t v aeir hardships
1 1 to an end. No
mb’ iln .ddressing had been
.gs in America; and
in their own opinions
.ud to decide as to what
jet the Government know
' v»re. lie was glad to
sa. Pbeen successful in
a ecu. '{ the Seeretafy of
the Bout Association, Mr. T.
B. Keir '-redij no doubt
recog- t fought the
batt' Lees many a
time
M "self to
pCfei- b( vWCVv Si
(which had yet to neou /
((sources n *sen (who had'- k‘
rate- of n "" r a to one)\.
•npty g- ’ Ifichk. A
body in "• that 4
city wr and ind uel he $ ■ ♦oloytflJlj
their a... Their capita
or that, but ever; spot; in ti * ■ ~'v '
where a. Southern army it* pt back t-Uc ~,au ;.
The experience of the last three 01 four years
had gone for to verify President Dave, pio
phecy at the beginning ol' the war, that, in Vir
ginia alone, the South could maintain with ad
vantage, its battle with the North for twenty
years to come. From this point the lecturer
passed on to contemplate the horrors of tho
American strife, and contrasted the single mind
ed patriotism of the Southerners in taking the
field with the flower of their youth, with tho
sordid smanuess of the Yankees in making
money out of their own government, by sup
plying the armies with hocussed recruits, made
up of needy Irishmen aud mercenary Germans.
And yet, such being the odds in (heir favor, so
far as bill to resources went, the North cauld
gain nothing but defeats. Grant has hurled
his ten3 of thousands against Beauregard’s for
tifications, but it had been all in vain. Rich
mond has coat a sea of blood, but it was as far
from bejjjg taken as ever ; and, though it fell
to morrow, its fall would not in the Slightest
degree affect the Southern people and govern
ment in maintaining their.iudependence.
But, reviewing the course of events, and
realizing, if possible, the frightful slaughter
aud inconceivable desolation that would attend
the continuance of this wicked and fruitless
war, it becomes the people of the cotton dis
tricts, whose voice would be listened to in this
matter, to ask the government how long this
horrible state of things was to continue, with
out a single effort being made to bring the
combatants to entertain terms of peace. No
one would think of asking the government to
take any step that would involve England in
a war with the Ignited States. On the con
trary, a joint and well intentioned intervention
on the part of the country and- other Powers
would be the surest and speediest means of in
suring peace. In reply to a question from the
body of tho hall, the lecturer gave a succinct
statement of affairs as they existed prior to se
cession, and re-produ£ld some of his well
known arguments in proof of the right to se
cede. Secession, he showed was no new thing,
but had frequently threatened, desired, and al
most consumated many times before it actual
ly took place ; and on more than half of those
occasions it was the North that was about to
dissolve partnership with the South, and not
the South with the North. Mr. Kershaw con
cluded an able and comprehensive speech by
pointing out some of the opposite character
istics so essential that they lie at the bottom
of ail true union of Governments aud peoples,
and when opposed, as in case of the North and
South, utterly destructive to all political Well-
Being
The following resolution was then proposed
by a working man named Benjamin Jackson,
anil seconded by another working man named
Russell Buckley, and carried with only one dis
sentient:
“That in the opinion of this meeting the
war in America is an injury to the world, and
that the present aspects of the conflict afford
no hope of its early termination unless by
means of the moral influence of Europe. fVe,
therefore, earnestly urge upon the Govern
ment of this country to enter into communica
tion with the European Powers to concert with
them as to the best means of bringing about
peace.”
The meeting which was very orderly though
very enthusiastic, broke up iti a friendly and
peaceful manner a little before eleven o’clock.
The Election for President. —Tho last Fe
deral Congress declared that none of the fol
lowing States, which had been formally de
clared in insurrection, should vote for President
till re-admitted in the Union, viz: Virginia,
North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia, Ala
bama, Tennessee, Mississippi, Louisiana, Flori
da, Arkansas and Texas. Accordingly the nex\
President and Vice President will be chosen by
the following vote:
States. Electors. States. Electors
Ohio, 21 Maine, 7.
Indiana, ' 13 New Hampshire, 5
Illinois, 13 Massachusetts, 25
Michigan, '8 Rhode Island, 4
Wisconsin, 8 Connecticut, 6
Minnesota, 4 Vermont, 5
jowa, 8 New York, 33
Kansas, 3 New Jersey, 7
Kentucky, 11 Pennsylvania, 26
Missouri, 11 Delawaie, 3
California. 5 Maryland, 7
Oregon, 3 West Virginia, 5
Total, 24 States, Electors, 241
Necessary to a choice, 121
A dispatch from Cairo, dated August sth>
says the Confederates has captured all the cav
alry' sent out from Helena, Arkansas, by Gene
ral Buford. and a large number of negroes and
their white officers ; that they killed all the
officers in command of the blacks aad num
bers of the negroes. . -
' The New York Post publishes a special
Washington despatch to the effect that the War
Department has authorized raise
one hundred thousand men immediately lor.
special service under his command.
VOL. LXXVIII. — NEW SERIES VOL, XXVIIL NO. 31.
EARL RVSsELL AND TUB MANCHESTER
OPKHATIY ES.
The Manchester Examiner gives the annexed
account of an interview between Earl Russell
and the Manchester Operatives :
S. Independence Association, No. 26, )
Market Street, Manchester, July IS, j •
Mr. James Nield. Honorable Secretary of the
Southern Independence Assoc'ation, presents
his compliments to the editor of the Examiner
and Times, and begs to hand him the enclosed
report of an audience given this afternoon by-
Earl Russell to a deputation of factory opera
tives on the subject of the American war. ’
Yesterday afternoon a deputat ion of factory
operatives, representing 'Manchester, Stock
port, Preston, Oldham, Macclesfield and other
towns, waited by appointment upon Earl Rus
sell, at tbe Foreign Office, for the purpose of
presenting to liis Lordship a memorial signed
by upwards of 90,000 persons engaged in the
cotton manufacture.
The deputation was introduced by Mr. Jas.
Aspiuwali Turner, M. P. Sir Thainas G. Hes
keth, Bart, M. P., and Mr. W. 11. Hornby.
M. P.
The prayer of the memorial was to the ef
fect, first, that the memorialists having been
supplied prior to the American war with cot
ton of the quality best adapted to their wants,
and that no failure in the supply of such cot
ton had been anticipated, tljeir rate of wages
was based entirely upon its use. Secondly,
that since the beginning of the war one-h ilf of
their number had been entirely deprived of
work, thereby becoming paupers or recipients
of charity, while a large majority of the re
mainder, compelled to use inferior cotton, had
been, and still were, earning only about two
thirds of their former wages. And thirdly,
considering they had patiently suffered their
severe privations, owing to the belief that
such a state of things could not last, they
were now induced, by the evident hopelessness
of the struggle on the part ol' the North to
subdue the Southern States, to represent to his
Lordship the claims of the factory operatives
upon the favorable consideration of tier Maj
esty’s Government, and to pray that her Maj -
esty might be advised to enter into conceit
with European Powers, with a view to restore
peace on the American continent and re-es
tablish on a sure basis the industrial prosper
ity of the manufacturing districts. Earl Rus
sell, after reading the memorial, was addressed
-Mreral members of the deputation. In
frse of their remarks, the speakers
T the present unsettled state of the
*>i and pi oduced statistics showing
’ the important towns had been
actory workers of tbe best classes,
powerful inducements held out
Federal emigration agents—a state
jjiich bad led a large number of
poor to risk a precarious and liaz-
Istence in a country not too scrupu
<is asl6 the means of recruiting its wasted
rtnies. Apart, also, fioin considerations of
heir own material warfare, the deputation
-cogged to submit to the Foreign Secretary that
in the opinion of the vast majority ol' the peo
ple of the cotton districts, the Southern States, ■
.i well by superior force of arms as by the
manifestation of the highest capacity for self
government, had entitled themselves to recog
rnition its an independent Power.
After listening to the deputation with evi
dent interest, his Lordship expressed his ad
miration at the conduct of the opeiatives, his
sympathy with them for their unavoidable suf
ferings, and his earnest desire that the time
would speedily arrive when the Government
<hi ght, with good effect, offer to mediate be
tween the contending parties.
The deputation then thanked his Lordship
for his courteous reception, and withdrew.
The London Times comments on the above
as follow^:
A small body of well intentioned politicians
still adhore. os wo think, most misiakenlv, to
the p!<>-'! of mediation. There is a “ Society
for obtaining a. cessation oi hostilities in Amer
ica,’’and a deputation from it, consisting of
Lord Clanricarde, the Bishop of Chichester,
Mr. Spence and others, who look upon the war
as a calamity preventible by European inter
ference, waited upon Lord Palmerston on Fri
day, for the purposo of urging Her Majesty’s
Government to take steps for the restoration of
peace between the belligerents. We need
hardly say that with the ultimate objects of
the society we entirely sympathise. We must
also accept most of the facts ou which they
base their arguments. The evils of this war
hive happily not fallen on ourselves with the
weight that was expected, but still the nation
suffers, and would gain not a little by the end
ing of the strife. * * * *
But in anew offer of mediation we can see
no remedy for these evils. Mr. Spence says
that “there i3a peace party, and it is growing,
but it has no rallying point. Tho action now
urged would give them a pivot on which to
form ; not, indeed, the action of England atone,
which was to be deprecated altogether, but
that to be taken conjointly by several leading
powers. With such assistance the peace party
would rapidly gather strength and numbers,
and thus we might reach the issue all desired.’’
This is rather sanguine anticipation than sound
reasoning.
General Grant, after losing probably half his
original army, is reduced to inaction; anew
Confederate invasion, or raid threatens the
Northern States; in Georgia the contest pro
mises nothing permanently favorable; in the
Southwest the Confederates are slowly recover
ing their overrun territory, and the diminish
ed armies of the North are scarcely strong
enough to hold the cpntral points which they
seized in former campaigns. Tho comment ou
all this is one which cannot be suspected of
partiality.
a o » o *
Let the “Society for Obtaining the Cessation
of Hostilities” look at the recent news, and
they will be content with "Lord Palmerston’s
answer. The best service the Government of
this country.can render to the cause of peace,
is to let events run their course, and not to
interfere in American poiitics by word or deed.
Why Gen. Taylor was Relieved. —A few
day3 since we copied an article from the Mont
gomery Advertiser which assigned the causes
why Gen. Taylor had been relieved in Louis
iana. The Macon Telegraph assigns lately
different reasons for the matter. Here they
are :
The Montgomery Advertiser gives one of the
causes assigned for Gen. Taylor being relieved
from command, and only one. We give an
other assigned by ex-Lieutenant Governor
llyams, of Louisiana, in a letter written to his
son, Capt. Ilyams, Os the army of Tennessee,
and which we were permitted to read. In it
the Governor states that Gan. Kirby .Smith or
dered Dick Taylor tofall back into Texas ; tints
leaving the entire State in the hands of the ene
my. Gen. Taylor fell back as far as ’Pleasant
llill, and was then in the last parish of Louisi
ana, When the Louisianians, who compose a
large portion of his force, unanimously petit
tioned their commander to make a stand, as
they would prefer to fight than to retreat. Gen.
Taylor immediately called a council of his offi
cers, ' among whom were Generals Mou
ton, Green and Polignac, and they decided
that in the dissatisfied state of the spirits of
the troops, it would be more politic to give
Banks battle than to retreat any further, as it
was feared that if the latter course was pursu
ed the desertions would be so great that the
army would be unable to make a stand any
where short of Houston, Texas. Under these
circumstances Gen. Taylor gave battle aud
achieved a series of brilliant successes; all of
which is well known to our readers.
B[After8 [After the battles were over, Taylor called on
en. Smith for troops to continue pressing the
enemy, and prevent him from escaping from
Alexandria. Instead of sending the troops,
Gen. Smith ordered away to Arkansas, two di
visions of Taylor’s army, end thus enabled
Banks to make his escape. It was under these
circumstances that Taylor requested to be re
lieved, and we learn, he severely censures Gen.
Smith, for what he terms “the strange conduct”
of that officer. This is the story. It may or
may not be true, but we give it as an act of
justice to Gen. Taylor.
General Hunter has been superceded in the
command of the Army of the Upper I’otomac
by Gen. Sheridan.
Os thirty two hundred men comprising Mc-
Cook’s command, paly six hundred succeeded
in returning to. Sherman’s Hues,
THE ATTACK ON MOBILE.
By way of the North we learn some lit tle ac
count of tj»e attack on Motile. The latest in
telligence announcing that “the fleet had pass
.ed Forts Morgan and Gaines, and that the
bombardment had been going on for three days,
and was still progressing'.”
The Herald gives a description of the con
tending forces now at Mobile, and says “since
the rebellion commenced no two such formida
ble fleets haVe met in combat.”' Os the Con
• federate fleet, the same paper speaks thus :
Ihe energies ot Admiral Haciianaii, who lias
commanded, that naval station since the war
have been directed to the preparation of a do
tilla to aid the land forces in repulsing any at
tack upon that stronghold.
The Herald then gives a list of the otlicere
of each vessel-captains, lieutenants, surgeons
engineers, sailraakers, carpenters, Ac.- as full
and complete as could be furnished Irorn the
records of the Navy Department Itself, i la
question is, how did get it? Are there spies,
too in the Navy Department?
The Herald gives the following account of ‘.in
defence of Mobile and the harbour Obstruction.?:
Mobile is perhaps the best defended place in the
Gulf and it will require all the dash of Farra
gut to gain a tootlioid inside of the defences.— .
It is not only protected by heavy forts well
arifled. but by a formidable ilotilia of ironclad
rams, gunboats and cottonclads; and this fleet
must be destroyed or driven welldip the bay
before it will bo safe for the wooden vessels to
pass in. Nature, in laying out the bay, ran a
tong, sandy peninsula,"called Mobile Uoiut, up
on which the United States Government placed
a strong work, mounting one hundred and
thirty six guns, two dors in caseinate and one
cn barbette. • ■
_ This is situated ou the starboard or right
side of the entrance to the bay, through die
swarsli channel. On the port or left hand side
is situated Dauphin Island, on whose eastern
extremity is located Fort Gaines: also- a case
mated woik, mounting some fifty guns or more,
Commanding tiie middle channel and the pas
sage up the bay. Outlying from these two
points of laud is a small island known as Sand
island. From Fort Gaiiiss, on .Dauphin Island,
in a northerly direction, and on thcjdiore line,
is a water batttery, mounting nine'guns of
long range, and irom this battery to the north--
waid and westward,.and'up to Grant’s Bass, are
a series of earthworks, and a work known as
Fort Powell, mounting twelve guns.
Extending from Fort Morgan across the
svash and middle channels is aline ot spiie ob
structions, being under the cover and protec
tion of the guns of both torts, 'these were
placed, there some time since, and are represen
ted to be quite formidable and not readily'
passed through or removed. A small passage
way has been left to allow the blockade runners
to pass in and out to sea. Tim opening, lying
close to the foit, is carefully watched over at.
night by small picket boats, which can, at the
approach of ouij vessels, give a signal, and the
guns of Fort Morgan—a number ol which arc
always trained upon that spot—will open upon
the invaders ; and in addition to this safeguard
the rebel ironclads are moored so that they can
move readily to the further assistance of the
fort in preventing any vessel passing through,
So much for the outer'land defences.
The Herald says of “the object of Iheinovo
rnent against Mobile:’’
The present movement is probably designed
not so much lor tho capture of tho city of Mo
bile as it is to obtain possession of Dauphin
Island and Mobile Point, so that the harbor
can be effectually blockaded and at the same
time to relieve the large Union flee', now elf
that place, who have been hourly threatened
with an attack from tho rebel ironclads lying
under the guns of Fort Morgan.
Tlie Northern papers report also that Fort
Hobson, near Pensacola, Florida, was captured
by General Asbooth, together with a quantity
of stoics, eighteen guns and some ammunition’.
—-Cgia***—
A Civil war in Illinois R appears from
all accounts That there is quite a lively time 1-
ready in some sections of Illinois. A special
dispatch to the Chicago Times dated Hillsboro,
Montgomery Cos., Aug. 2, gives the annexed
particulars:
On Friday morning a band of citizens from
Montgomery county, Illinois, numbering about
500 men, well mouh'od and well arm. u under
the chief command ol Deputy ‘Sheriff’ Sieveu
son, with Captain Sparks, Weils and Uuvr, as
subordinate commanders, marched in the direc
tion of Van Burensburg, Southeast of I’ilisr
boro’, against the notorious Colonel Ciingtoan
and his band of guerrillas. On Friday night
they encamped near the edge of Fayette county
below Van Burensburg, pickets were thrown
out, and our men lay ail nignt on their 'arms.
On Saturday morniifg they marched to Green’s
Creek, and from thence scouted thoroughly the
adjacant territory. Tiieyejneountered the ene
my several times during the day. A little
East of Van Burensburg our boys were fired
upon by a band numbering about thirty, aud
two men, James Jeffries and John Ferguson, of
Litchfield, were seriously woundel, the former
in the shoulder;, and the latter in the thigh,
both with buckshot-
Tho advance guard encoulercd a similar
party eight miles northwest on Nandalia, near
Yarbar Springs, and received and returned
their fire. Our boys kilied one horse and
wounded several guerrillas, how many is not
known. The Confederates then took to the
bush.
During Saturday the men wore scattered
through the wood:: and captured about twenty
prisoners,-five horses, and it lot of camp equip
age taken from a camp from which the enemy
had hastily departed.
On Sunday the command returned to Hills
boro.’ Before leaviog, they discharged all
but five of the prisoners. The live, on their
arrival at Hillsboro’, were admitted to bail in
the sum of one thousand dollars each to ap
pear for trial at the next term of the circuit
court to be held in Hillsboro’, in September.
But Davis, the man who carries the Demo
cratic party of Montgomery county m hir
breeches pockets, baiicd the entire lot.
There were citizens in the vicinity of Van
Burensburg who agreed to deliver tiioi :■ of
their neighbors who were implicated i . these
disturbances, that have distinguished this por
tion of the State, to the civil authorities
Some have been delivered. More will lie de
livered but the great majority have taken lo
the Okaw bottoms. These desperadoes are led
by a man who calis himself Col. Clingman,
and claims to act und.-r a commission from
the Cowfederate Government. Ills men are
sworn in the Coufedeiate service.
There is another band of horse thieves, bur
glars, murderers, deserters from both armies,
and Coppcrhe tls in tho same vicinity, under
command of the notorious John Carlin, nephe w
of Don Morrison, of Illinois, and holonol in
the Confederat service. Carlin his been
twice a prisoner in our bauds—the last time at
Alton, from which place lie broke prison and
escaped about four weeks ago.
The whole country round about this’ place
is greatly excited. The citizens of Hillsboro;
are in momentary expectation of attack. The
town has been patrolled nightly for more than
a week, and ai! the roads leading thereto
strongly pieketted. They fear the rebels will
execute their threat- of burning the town.
U. S. Marshal Phillips, of Springfield, is
here, and it is expected a regiment of infantry
will arrive to-day.
A late dispatch toethe Times gives the-annex
ed farther particulars:
The citizens mentioned in a former dispatch
who were to have been delivered up to the ci
vil authorities have failed to put in an appear
ance. A delegation lias reached Hillsboro from
the insurgents in the vicinity of Van Burens
burg, with a demand from Col. Clingman for
the return of the five horses captured by our
men on Saturday last, and a threat to bum the
town if the demand wa; not complied with.
The horses will not be given up.
The Louisville Journal states that within the
month past, the rebels have captured trains
and destroyed government properly on the line
of the Nashville and Chattanooga railroad to
the amount of several millions of dollar -.
Drafting is going on in New Orleans of all
persons trom eighteen to forty-five years of
age.
Puis went Lincoln Denounced bv his
A (Aim;nffsioNu. Manifesto Aoainst Him.—
■ iK ‘ ;| i'th is in a blaze of excitement
brought forth by a Confressional manifesto is
sued . gnus! Mr. I.incoln.by bis own putty I
It appears that Senator Wade, of Ohio, and
Representative U my Winter Davis, of Mai y
laud, chairmen'of the Senate and House “bom
nnttivs on the Rebellious States,” have pre
pared and presented, in.their official capacity
an indictment against Lincoln. The Üb,aid
says of the document: *
This maniiesloxliaigea Mr. Lincoln with ar
rogance. ignorance, usurpation, kuaverv an I
a .lost, oi oilier deadly sins, including tlrnt of
hostility to therigiit, of .humanity ami to th#
priucij‘l- s i\ i>»tblicti!i government. Noth
mg tout. \ allaodjgham ()1 - t| K > m( , at venomo ,
u. the copper!,end tribe of politicians have
!wei! :u derogation of Mr. Lincoln has u
proa. IH-d i.. Wire,-mv -:,.1 force the denua'cil
mus which o nes. Wade and Davis shinier
.guts ol the hepnhlk-an parly, have piled u,v
in tins manifesto. 1 1
'fne ostensible motive for the address which
these gentlemen have seen tit to issue “to tins
SUppwrtets oi the government'' is to show than
the design wlnch the President had iii view in
not approving and signing the bill passed b>
tnM.i it* ;! ;•:> tiu! ‘.itsi session “to guarantee t*i>
certain States, w!#-ie governments have been
usurped, a repr.leie.in government,’’ while he
del not assume the responsibility of vetoiiie it '
was that he might, by pursuing blaowu plan of
readmitting rebel Slates on the pretended iv
turn to loyalty ofone-tetytb of their inhabitants
held in bit; hands the control of the next IVesi’.
doutial election. The reasoning on this point is’
brief, but. fraught with significance.—Here it. Isl
The President, by preventing this bill from
becoming a. law. holds the electoral votes ol
die rebel States at the dictation of tils personal
ambition;
If those votes turn the balance in his favor is
it to be supposed that his competitor, defeated
by such mean a, will aoquiegee?
R the rebel majority assert their supremacy
in these Stater,, and send votes which elect an
enemy of the Government, will we not repel
his claims h
And is riot that civil war for the Presidency'
inaugurated by votes of the rebel States { " '
llie I’reuiili-nt is told, in so uianv words, that
if he dure to carry out the scheme'foreshadow
e.i his election Will be re. isted aud eivit war for
tiie Presidency,inane m a ,-d.
1 uc Herald treats ihe subject as a matter of
great importance, in.a double leaded editorial.
In dosing it give.; Lincoln the following good
wap:
Asa Rresident of the United States, Mr. Lin
coln must have sense »nough to see and a>-
knowledge he has been an egregious failure.
The best thing ho can now do for himself, bis
party and his tountry. is to retire, front the
high position tg which in au evil hour, he war.
exalted, aqd it any ui-übuv ardor possesses
hmi johi ti,-.- raid sol the army. One Iking
.must, be- If evident Jo him, mid that is, that
MJidei ti.) ciremneiam*** can he hope to be thu
next, Piciiiih ht of the I niled States.
fho tin-.il.ii];icl;,>ii with his administration,
which Ims hng-bivn h h, by the great body of
Aiueiienn iLi .yiis, ii.i.-i spiead even to'liis own
supporters,and now it lie will not ptalie a vir
tue of lun'vs. ity, and withdraw from the Presi
dential contest, “the mipporte.r, of the govern
ment.” -will be very apt to act upon the advice
given them by Moso-s. Wudo ami Davis- to
consider the remedy for ihe-io usurpations, and
having found it feml. ,:.dy execute it. That
remedy, need we say what It i t Mr. Lincohi
cannot ued t.q be t’old ‘.hat it i> th-- same of
winch Dig winds 'uui !—n Wlilsp-ritu-; to.,
somev.vek.: pant-- Lit.- isseiubling of anew na
‘iomi! corneii'-ion cl. Buffalo to put in nomina
tiou .feu the I'iv idem y ti tu i in wliera nil tin*
people of -lie United . , will renose ftu„l
and conlUleiice —some -.m h man as Grant, Me.
(Jltffiau, Hancock, Sheimaa or Hooker.
Xnr. Pi;.\( :: Dr aoi’iiacv or New York.--'! ha
New \ oik Herald of Aug. 5 contains the an -
uexvd account of Hi movements of tho Peaca
Democracy of that city:
’the Dcmoerafie 0. •miuiltee met last.evening,'
". large tilloiHl.tuo • being pro:, -lit. lion. John
'••cU’Oi.v. a i- -I to s!i.« chair ip the absence
oi the chairman; Mr. F; Daley, Secieiary.
Jrr. U. K. ih.mvi.U ottered the following
resolutions, h-Ci. m motion, wore unanimous
iy adopt :.’:
Resolved, '< hut the masses of ihe Demo
craln* par! •/ this oil v ;.nd State are. for peoctv
lor nu inline*., ie o , -ivs of hostilities, and
ioi-fne .instant inauguration pf negotiation*
for ending the presriy war, and that we demand'
a plat form !av:-:i.-. an airuistiee and a Cou
veutiou of tiie Shims ...on the Chicago Presi
dential Convention
J cho: red That hm •» lit longing («>
this Genond Commit !-;<> who have been placed
upon tho delegation from this Slate-to the Chi
cii'.o Convention b - h tructed, and tlm remain
der of that dfclejpr ion bo. end thev are hereby,
respectfully recoinme 1 iordance with
the sentiment 1 ; tho.' v.repiescn! to Hast
their volts fur no man as a’ candidate ol’ the
Democratic pr.riy •(• -■ ihe-j j eii t m Vice Presi
dent in favor ol -h.; furii.er i;re :' ution of this
useless, bloody and ruinous war.
Resolved, Thai v. 1 approve of tho proposed
mass convention for peace Jo be held at Syra
cuse, 13th iit • oh! 1 vivo it our hcaitv
support
Du molu . liu d'i ill ' following re.
olutioni were subii ifed” end adopted, on the
ayes and noes. unamimonWy :
Resolved, Thus one of the chief elements of
tho strength ami ue .oi the Mozart Hall
organ:ion i .j. he >1 harmony, aud the tin
nnjinity with hi. n•: nunsols have b" -n him
tabled.
Resolved, !’ At':' ;*■ y and good feel
.ing stiil uontiniv.s ue twithstanding the Iqlse.
represent'!:ini.: -i ■. brt- of discarded mem
ber.- am; ih s'Crem:; =.' rival organizations.
Resolved,-Tim; o ‘ < the two hundred and
twenty mc.uv, ..! i G -oral Committee, we
have been unable Hi cover but two traitors,,
and they have ce ed to bold an y positions in
our counsels of coo'i : en oor respect.
Resolved. Ti 1 :ow. a; heretofore, we are
united am! !u .’ . , I aii, •; too much con
ndeucc the ' . ,:f ear Cause -and Ihe
strength of our ; ' ■ ■> be effected by tho
iactioui spirit of ov.- aduu created iiy men
vho have iieen r ' ■! by u and driven from
qur-conn-els, iu < u-: ! their iugrati
t ide, perfidyV.mf cc rnpiion.
Gen. Hood In.:: - ns Army.—An Atlan
ta correspondent • ■3 way Go:s, Hood
is increasing U . r: . ■ ’
* Goii..l4ood !■• ’ .■ run into the hands
of every available :. . - ■ oauected with the ar
my. All of llie c have been aimed and
re*turned to. tb-i re-peciivo commands, and
the ncgroi coime-ted with the army h ive beeu
employed in that apaeiiy. Quartermasters
and Commissary liar • en made to disgorge
the many supeifiiioi :..euin their departments;
Surgeons also. The nc ul is ihe anav has re-,
eeived a considerable reinforcement. Ja Clay
ton’s division o.'oue f ■ number ol' new ineu
retnrned from t! ' ’ - ■ fachments reach
ed 300, which I'' time is considered a
good ieglneut. ' ■ if. t from the cooks
alone will reach -ifil'iO effective men.
But Gen 11 1 •’.< snot stop here. Helms
ordered the l. .of e cry : rtilleri. t, except
front numberoct: !<-• 'who are (tbs Mutely
necessary to hand! • from this source an
incr-ase will hs obtained amounting to near
3,000 in n. I- iy, however, that this,or
der converting . ; t ilery j ,t.> iufintiy caused
considerable fluttering am :.g tka-battery boys.
Tr ue, many >-1 t! -.-ri> jake the Iking quite eas),
perfectly willie.: to -i re their country at this
critical jun< tore in anv • ity that will aid
iu the overthrow of Sherman and his “Hes
sians.” From Hi : i • and * once’per
ceive tli'd Gen. ">■■■ ; K determined to leave
nothing undone *' tfill :va the g?c-at in
terest of the cop:;try. •
I am proud to • •:.-ande of Georgian*
are responding to tl. 1 c-ili ol Gov. Brown.
If a general ewgaccrucut * -,; jr bo delayed ouo
week.longer, and Ifcaeuewjr retain their pre
sent position, Shciiaau and ms army will be
routed.
- -
The blockade turner Falcon, having three
smoko stacks sod one waist forward,, bar left
Halifax for Wilmington direct.