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BY N. S. MORSE & CO. dbonitle & Sentinel. 0 TERMS. THE WKEKI.Y CHRONICLE A SENTINEL IS i'UaLlslltD EVERY WEDNESDAY THREE MONTHS gl OO MX MONTHS I OO ALWAYS IH ADVANCE. WEEKLY ADVERTISING BATES. (iimsm ADTtlTucviSTapublDlieil in tlie Weeklywc »i ir*c t»enty-flve.-eriti! aline eachinaertlon. SpaniAC. Marion willbecharfced thirty cents aline foreach Lnrtton. MAa»!»«gs,l)3ATiis»n<! Kckvbil KOTicreoneilollareac OettwAnr Norrcas fortyeenta perllne for one insertion t.ther Dailyor Weekly. Whare Obituary Notice-: ate f.ub tailed in Imi y and Weekly— Sixty eeuta perllne. IfKGOTI ii ION. All wars must comti to an end. This war must, have a termination. Anil, as the subjugation of the .South is now an exploded idea, is demonstrated to he an impossibility by the continued vietories attending our arms and the continued defeat of every attempt to con quer tiB —it must bo ended by negotiation. This in its only solution. To this complexion it 'inust come at last. The dispute muift bo transferred from the field to the cabinet. Diplomacy must settle what war lias failed to adjust. The United Staten Government must do what it refused to do before Hie commencement of the war—re ceive our Commissioners seut to settle the terms of a peaceful separation. It is very certain that the controversy can never bo ended by lighting. It is not to be expected that either party will ever conquer the other. This is not the aim of the South. She is only fighting in defence of her inde pendence and all that is sacred and dear to her. She but asks to be let alone. And the North ought to hg satisfied, by this times of the hope-, lenue.ss of her scheme of subjugation. A con tinuance of the war, therefore, can only widen the breach between the parties. They may still further exhaust themselves by protracting n contest, the rudst wasteful and destructive recorded in history, hut will be no nearer a settlement of the difficulty. Negotiation must conclude it at last; and the sooner the better for both. There is, in the Southern mind, a sincere and universal desire for peace This is the ar dent wish of both the army amd the people- Our brave soldiers in the field, though resolved never to lay down their arms uutill indepen' deuce be acheived, and ready to fight on for ever rather than yield their necks to a con queror's yoke, would yet gladly see the strife ended, would rejoice to return to their boroeß and the peaceful pursuits of life. They have taken up arms from a sacred sense of duty to their country, a lofty impulse of patriotism. They are ready and anxious to lay them down whenever the necessity that brought them into the field shall cease. Among them, there is a universal sentiment in favor of negotiation. lint Lincoln has just closed U’o door to ne gotiation ; has rudely slammed it iit the faces of the gentlemen who made overtures for its commencement. Are we, therefore, to aban don the attempt, we think otherwise. There lies an appeal from the servant to the master, from the President to the people, who made him andean unmake him, and with whom at last is tiio decision of the question. Without any violation of our self respect, without any lowering of omwlignUy as a nation, we can approach the people of the North with the olive branch of peace. We can make over tures to them. To them wo can propose the terms on which wa uro willing to conclude a peace. Novel as the proposition may appear, wo can actually open negotiations directly with the people of the North, and they have it in their power to accede to our terms, by an immediate decision which will be final and effectual. We can tell them what wo aie willing to do. We can make known to them our sentiments and views, in reference to the settlement of the quarrel between us. The Northern press, in the peace interest, is ready to communicate them. The ponce party of the North will be glad to receive, and d'seuss them, in the ap proaehing Presidential canvass. We can, thus, furnish them live-very capital they want, to en able them to carry the election. The people of the North are now called up on to decide this very question of peace. It will bo the single issue in the approaching Presidential campaign. Its settlement is taken out of the bauds of Lincoln and Seward, and their army of shoddy contractors and mercena ry speculators, who are interested in continu ing the war, and referred to the decision of the popular voice. The people next # November, will say whether they are for peace or war ; and their verdict will decide the question. The subject is now agitating ail rniuds. They are ’even now considering the solemn question, however their riders have scouted it with af fected contempt and disdain. It does soem to us, therefore, that it would be a most happy and judicious move at this lime, for our government to make its over tures directly to the Northern people for a set tlement of difficulties. This id6ft is suggested by the extraordinary articles on this subject, which have recently appeared in the Richmond Sentinel, which is understood to be 4 he organ of the President. Those articles have the ap pearance of diplomatic overtures. We think we can trace in them, the hand of Secretary Benjamin.-They bear the marks of his shrewd aud acute intellect. A flue opportunity is now prosented to the astute Secretary of State to display his talents, lu a species of diplomacy of a most novel and interesting character. Never, perhaps, in the history of the world before, was an occasion presented for treating with a nation en masse, for peace independently of its rulers. A large party at the North, which is likely to be in the majority in Novcuber, has already proposed to end the war, on the basis of the independence of the South, and a treaty of amnesty aud com merce. It is only necessary to meet that party, to respond to its friendly overtures, and discuss with it the terms of adjustment. The popular talents of the Secretary are just suited to the task of conducting such a unique diplomacy. We would suggest that instead of newspa per articles of dubious authority, the Secretary or the President address direct communications to the Northern people, under his ofiicial sanc tion. Lincoln, himself, has given a precedent for this, in his recent proclamation to 1 luo.o whom it may concern.” Why should not President Davis ignore the Lincoln Adminis tration, as Lincoln has his—treat it with silent contempt, aud address the people, directly, af ter his example? lie has been guilty of the first breach of diplomatic etiquette, and is, therefore, estopped from making any complaint hereafter. £ In a boat race at Albany, New York, lately the distanced rowed a mile and return, was piade iu eighteen minutes aud ten seconds. AUGUSTA, GA.,’ WEDNESDAY MORNING, AUGUST 24, 1864. STATESMANSHIP AND THE SWORD. These are the grand agencies that shape the destinies of nations. That settle their dissen sions, and give directions to the current of hu man history. The warrior and the statesman are the architetects or destroyers of nations. The magaciaas who rear the fabrics of human pow er and glor'7, or level institutions in the dust. The arbiters of international quarrels; the authors and pacificators of international strifes. The master sprits whose genius or valor moulds the destines of the hum in race. - Like the volcanic forces which, in remote geological periods determed the physical con figuration of the earth's surface, up heaving its vast mountain chains, and scooping out the channels of mighty rivers, as the groat laud marks of wars are but the social convulsions which adjust the political divi sions of mankind, and, in the course of ages, wholly change the political map of the globe. How niHch have the destinies of the world been effected by its decisive battles. The battle of Arbela demolished at one stroke tluj vast and spb-ndid fabric of tbe Persian empire, reared by the genius of Cyrus, and entirely revolution ized the political structure of Asia. The bat tle of Hastings, prostrated Britain at the feet of the Norman, and gave an impress to her character, her institutions and social condition, which haiHieeu felt through all the ages of her subsequent eventful history, and is still visible in the structure of her society and gov ernment, and in the splendor of her civilization and empire. But equally has statesmanship influenced the character and fate of natjons, and left its last ing impress on human affairs. It was the states manship of a Richelieu which inaugurated the policy that converted the government of France into an absolute Monarchy, and resulted in the catastrophe o# the revolution. He it was that first tamed the turbulent spirit of the haughty Barons, who afterwards became the satelites and minions of a court, so odious to the French people for its corruption and tyranny, tln;t, in ‘their wrath, they scattered it to the four winds of lleayen. It was the statesmanship of a Pitt, equally with the generalship of a Wellington, that curbed the vaulting ambition of Napoleon wresting tbe sceptre of empire from his grasp, and chaining him Promcthus like to a lonely rock, lashed by the reproachful waves of (he melancholy and moaning sea, to be torn by the vultures of mighty but disappointed passions. War, in this laud, has “yoked her red drag ons to her iron car.” A wav the most stupen dous and destructive of modern times, has shaken the continent, has uplioaved the foun dations of a Government, and violently and forever disrupted a Union, vainly imagined to be enduring as time itself. 'Mighty armies surpassing in-numbers and martial spirit the boasted armies of the old world, have met in the shock of a hundred battles. Rivers of blood have flowed, and countless hecatombs of human victims have been offered on the bloody altar of Mars. The sword lias done its work. Nothing more is to be accomplished by a continuance of the terrific strife, but fur ther destruction and ruin. The South, at the close of the fourth campaign, is Unconquerable; and the North no nearer the consummation of her scheme of subjugation than when she began the contest. Both nations, reeling and exhausted from the enormous expenditure of blood and treasure, need repose, and should seek a'cessation of hostilities. We have al ready bad a twenty years war, if we compare it with wars before the age cf railroads and steamboats, and measure it by its vast ex penditures of blood and treasure, the magni tude of the debts created and the number of lives sacrificed. The time for statesmanship has arrived ; when diplomacy, the great adjuster and pacifi cator of the relations and quarrels of nations, should call into requisition all its subtle arts and versatile resources, to settle a controversy otherwise interminable. But the occasion de-' mauds statesmanship of a high order—broad, dispassionate and enlightened. Narrow bigot ry, fierce fanaticism, and obstinate prejudice are out of place. Only statesmen of the most enlarged and enlightened views, and who can rise above tho influence of passion, are fit to cope with the mighty problems to be solved. Never, perhaps, in tho whoTS history of di plomacy, was there a case so complex, present ing such difficult and delicate questions, as that which now calls for adjus!ment. Two sections of tho mightiest Republic on the globe, but recently blended in an intimate and com plicated political Union, aud suddenly split as sunder, now confront each other as hostile and independent nations. Rare skill and a justice, moderation, aud wisdom, seldom found, are required to properly adjust .their novel rela tions. Questions of boundaiy, of navigation of rivers flowing through the territories of both, oi international commerce and comity, have to be settled, which will severely try the most skillful diplomacy, aud the temper of both par ties. Upon the right settlement of these com plex questions will depend the future peace and prosperity of both nations. It is only by invoking a spirit of compromise, magnanimity, aud forbearance that they can ever ho satis factorily determined. The statesmanship of the South, ever su perior and predominant in tho old Union, is doubtless equal to the occasion.. But on the other side there is a lack of state manship, of all moderation, wisdom and digni ty. We can expect but little from the blind fanaticism, unreasoning folly, and haughty arro gance of the Lincoln administration. Oar only hope is in a change of rulers There are statesmen in the rauks of the opposition—men like Pierce, Seymour of Connecticut, and Val landigham—who have stood aloof from the war and its unparalelled iniquities,upon whose iairness. moderation and good sense we could rely for a just aud satisfactory settlement of the subjects in controversy. To their accession to power, we look for a termination ot the war, and a settlement of our troubles. Rallying for tub Dr. fence of Mobile.— As we expected and predicted, the people of the State are rallying for thedefense ot Mobile with won derful promptitude and spirit. . We learn from the Montgomery Advertiser that in all South and Middlo Alabama, such a rally was hardly ever known. The announcement that the en emy’s fleet bad passed the forts was sufficient, and without awaiting the call of the Governor, the masses began to organize and start to meet the enemy. We hear of hundreds and thou sands that have laid aside their ordinary busi ness, and donned the military for the emer gency. At this time several thousand have doubtless reached Mobile, while as many more are on the way. The Yankees will be aston ished to find the large army confronting them in defense of that city, when they get nearer or attempt a land a! Lick. The citizen soldiery in Virginia and Georgia, have acquitted them selves nobly, and those of Alabama will un doubtedly do sa also. The Yankees were crossing heavy forces at Deep Bottom Bridge on Friday aud Saturday. Mail Akiianoement. — The Administration ghould certainly make some permanent ar rangement by which the mails could be trausfered daily between this city and Rich mond. We sometimes receive New York pa pers through the blockade of as late date as the Metropolitan paper, are when they come by mail The distance between the two cities is only about* twenty miles, and daily mail communi cation is due to the inhabitants of each, espe cially so during these times of excitement. If a little energy were -displayed, the matter might be remedied at a little additional expense and trouble. We hope the attention of the pro per authorities will be directed to this matter. Petersburg Express. The above is simply a specimen of the way the post office department affairs are conducted over the Confederacy. Herti in Georgia, it frequently takes three days for letters and papers to go adislaucc of not more than twen ty or thirty miles—wh6n both the place they are mailed at and the place they are mailed to are on railroad lines. Such a condition of af fairs is disgraceful, to say the least. It is one of the results of a picayune, narrow minded management. If things keep progressing, we shall soon be as far advanced in postal facili ties, as were the nations of the fourteenth cen tury. A l’ost Master General who tries to de rive a revenue from his department at this late day—after what has been said and written on the subject by the leading statesmen of Eu rope—must either desire to annoy and incon venience the public, or not possess enough practical cominou sense to know Hie true uses of the post office department. Another Military Prison. —We under . that another military prison for Y mkees is t be erected on the Central Railroad near Jlillen, Notwithstanding the fact that the prison at Andersoaville has been enlarged, it is still too small to hold the captured Yankees. The number at the pre-mit oe is over thirty-three thousand, and r>: a an- ling daily. The prison at 'indm otj .ille measures five hundred and forty , -,r ; of way and two hun dred and sixty the othf r. '. ho prison El len is to be four tiinUed and fen square. , / mjr We arc informed the have boon erected arof ~'" spnville, on which a 1( havt been mounted. that ■ they can be ut raiders without or Yanr. the exigencies of the cas- Old Yankee Postage S state for the information of ing letters North by flag of true* waste of time to forward them to th. Bureau, witli the -old United States nos. stamps attached to the envelopes. All such, letters we are told are destroyed. ! It should be generally known, by this that soon after the commencement of the mJ* the Yankee Government caused postage stamps with new devices, to be prepared, and it is on ly stamps of this description that can be ustfl in the prepayment of letters sent through the United States mail. Bad Management. —The Savannah-Republi can justly-complains of the neglect which per mitted the Central Railroad bridge across the Oconee to be destroy cd by tho late Yankee raid. The citizens offered to guard the bridge if they were furnished with ammunition, which was refused. Our Confederate officials ought certainly to be governed by a wiser and more liberal policy. It is about time that red-tape ism was cast aside—and when men volunteer to defend public property they ought certainly to bo supplied wi thpimniuni tion, even if they do not happen to belong to some petty mili ary organization. Ch auac tkiustic Generosity.— S. Collins, Mayor of Macon,Ga., acknowledges through tho Telegraph the receipt of SIOOO 'from IVin. 11. Young, the President of Eagle Factory, Colum bus, for distribution among the destitute re fugees of that city. The noble aud patriotic acts of tho manager of tlie Eagle Factory have boon very numerous during the war. They show that some corpo rations have souls. The Eagle Factory Com pany has certainly set rnatiy an example well worthy of being followed. Tiib. North Carolina Election. —We have already the returns from thirty-five out of eighty-five counties, in which Gov. Vance’s majority is 20,993. It will bo between forty and fifty thousand, against 33,972 two years ago. Holden’s, entire vote will probably be between ten and fifteen thousand, out of an aggregate vote materially larger than in 18C2. llolden has majorities in two counties only— Johnston and Randolph—and a few llolden itos, perhaps ten or fifteen, are elected to the Legislature. , Richmond Prices. —We are glad to notice that; tho prices of the necessaries of life are declining in one section of the Confederacy. In Richmond, occordlng to tho papers of that city, flour has declined from three to two hun dred dollais per barrel. Bacon, which a short time since sold for nine dollars per pound, can now be bought for six. This truly is a good sign. We hope prices, at least of eatables, will (fjkea start downwards in other sections. Tiie SriKiT of a Noble Soldier. —The gal lant Major General W. H. T. Walker, a few days before his death, remarked to the editor of the Atlanta Intelligencer that “he had ra ther receive his death wound than see Atlanta surrendered without contesting every inch of ground for its possession;” that he “would hang down his head in shame to see Georgia overrun by the enemy and her men faltering in their duty.’’ Mexico and the Confederacy, —Letters from London by the steamer Sidon, state that the Confederate Minister to Mexico, the Hon. Mr. Preston, of Kentucky, having failed in his ef forts to get Maximillian to recognize the Con federate States, had again turned up atMorley’s Hotel, the great headquarters of all secession ist, and sympathizers with secession in the Brit ish Metropolis. The talk was that he would next try at Madrid. Interesting from Kentucky— Private ad' vices from Kentucky indicate that the reaction of public sentiment in that State against ’‘neu trality” and Unionism is rapidly extending. Several influential politicians and others have openly renounced their attachment to the “old flag;” and, exasperated by the tyranny of military officials, are doing everything in their power to unite the people in opposition to the Abolition dynasty. Troops at Millepgiyille. —A large force of infantry and artillery have arrived at Hilledge ville. The papers of that place think that these with the local troops already there will be able to defend the place against any raiding force that may endeavor to take the city. Gen. Wade Hampton has been.appointed commander iu chief of the cavalry in Virginia, ENGLISH IV OR KING MEN, ON SOVTHEHN INDEPENDENCE. The London “Index” of July 7th contains the following interesting account of a public meeting in the town of Lees,' England, on the Thursday previous; A large public meeting of the operatives and artizins of the manufacturing town of Lees (Ofdham) was held on Thursday evening, in the People’s Hall of that town, for the pur pose of adopting a memorial to Her Majesty’s Government, praying that Her Majesty might be advised to take counsel with other Euro pean Powers, with a view to,mediating between the combatants in tbe American war. When it is mentioned that Lees is situate within a mile or two of so intensely Southern a centre as Olilham—and that in no other bo rough in Lancashire have the friends of the Confederacy shown more zeal in giving their neighbors frequent opportunities of comparing notes upon American affairs—there is no room for wonder that the inhabitants of the outly ing and densely populated villages in that lo cality should be as well intormed, and tonse quently as decidedly “ Southern” as the well nigh unanimous population of Oldham Itself. About one thousand per le, chiefly mill hands and skilled laborers, present, and the conduct of the who!' igs appeared to he left with advau' ’> in the hands cl’ the working ir v A working r '<e, upon being voted * * : aform the meetir other working e, .on that it was r j,, ,uire, con siders .e the brunt of * .1 to sey as to t v aeir hardships 1 1 to an end. No mb’ iln .ddressing had been .gs in America; and in their own opinions .ud to decide as to what jet the Government know ' v»re. lie was glad to sa. Pbeen successful in a ecu. '{ the Seeretafy of the Bout Association, Mr. T. B. Keir '-redij no doubt recog- t fought the batt' Lees many a time M "self to pCfei- b( vWCVv Si (which had yet to neou / ((sources n *sen (who had'- k‘ rate- of n "" r a to one)\. •npty g- ’ Ifichk. A body in "• that 4 city wr and ind uel he $ ■ ♦oloytflJlj their a... Their capita or that, but ever; spot; in ti * ■ ~'v ' where a. Southern army it* pt back t-Uc ~,au ;. The experience of the last three 01 four years had gone for to verify President Dave, pio phecy at the beginning ol' the war, that, in Vir ginia alone, the South could maintain with ad vantage, its battle with the North for twenty years to come. From this point the lecturer passed on to contemplate the horrors of tho American strife, and contrasted the single mind ed patriotism of the Southerners in taking the field with the flower of their youth, with tho sordid smanuess of the Yankees in making money out of their own government, by sup plying the armies with hocussed recruits, made up of needy Irishmen aud mercenary Germans. And yet, such being the odds in (heir favor, so far as bill to resources went, the North cauld gain nothing but defeats. Grant has hurled his ten3 of thousands against Beauregard’s for tifications, but it had been all in vain. Rich mond has coat a sea of blood, but it was as far from bejjjg taken as ever ; and, though it fell to morrow, its fall would not in the Slightest degree affect the Southern people and govern ment in maintaining their.iudependence. But, reviewing the course of events, and realizing, if possible, the frightful slaughter aud inconceivable desolation that would attend the continuance of this wicked and fruitless war, it becomes the people of the cotton dis tricts, whose voice would be listened to in this matter, to ask the government how long this horrible state of things was to continue, with out a single effort being made to bring the combatants to entertain terms of peace. No one would think of asking the government to take any step that would involve England in a war with the Ignited States. On the con trary, a joint and well intentioned intervention on the part of the country and- other Powers would be the surest and speediest means of in suring peace. In reply to a question from the body of tho hall, the lecturer gave a succinct statement of affairs as they existed prior to se cession, and re-produ£ld some of his well known arguments in proof of the right to se cede. Secession, he showed was no new thing, but had frequently threatened, desired, and al most consumated many times before it actual ly took place ; and on more than half of those occasions it was the North that was about to dissolve partnership with the South, and not the South with the North. Mr. Kershaw con cluded an able and comprehensive speech by pointing out some of the opposite character istics so essential that they lie at the bottom of ail true union of Governments aud peoples, and when opposed, as in case of the North and South, utterly destructive to all political Well- Being The following resolution was then proposed by a working man named Benjamin Jackson, anil seconded by another working man named Russell Buckley, and carried with only one dis sentient: “That in the opinion of this meeting the war in America is an injury to the world, and that the present aspects of the conflict afford no hope of its early termination unless by means of the moral influence of Europe. fVe, therefore, earnestly urge upon the Govern ment of this country to enter into communica tion with the European Powers to concert with them as to the best means of bringing about peace.” The meeting which was very orderly though very enthusiastic, broke up iti a friendly and peaceful manner a little before eleven o’clock. The Election for President. —Tho last Fe deral Congress declared that none of the fol lowing States, which had been formally de clared in insurrection, should vote for President till re-admitted in the Union, viz: Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia, Ala bama, Tennessee, Mississippi, Louisiana, Flori da, Arkansas and Texas. Accordingly the nex\ President and Vice President will be chosen by the following vote: States. Electors. States. Electors Ohio, 21 Maine, 7. Indiana, ' 13 New Hampshire, 5 Illinois, 13 Massachusetts, 25 Michigan, '8 Rhode Island, 4 Wisconsin, 8 Connecticut, 6 Minnesota, 4 Vermont, 5 jowa, 8 New York, 33 Kansas, 3 New Jersey, 7 Kentucky, 11 Pennsylvania, 26 Missouri, 11 Delawaie, 3 California. 5 Maryland, 7 Oregon, 3 West Virginia, 5 Total, 24 States, Electors, 241 Necessary to a choice, 121 A dispatch from Cairo, dated August sth> says the Confederates has captured all the cav alry' sent out from Helena, Arkansas, by Gene ral Buford. and a large number of negroes and their white officers ; that they killed all the officers in command of the blacks aad num bers of the negroes. . - ' The New York Post publishes a special Washington despatch to the effect that the War Department has authorized raise one hundred thousand men immediately lor. special service under his command. VOL. LXXVIII. — NEW SERIES VOL, XXVIIL NO. 31. EARL RVSsELL AND TUB MANCHESTER OPKHATIY ES. The Manchester Examiner gives the annexed account of an interview between Earl Russell and the Manchester Operatives : S. Independence Association, No. 26, ) Market Street, Manchester, July IS, j • Mr. James Nield. Honorable Secretary of the Southern Independence Assoc'ation, presents his compliments to the editor of the Examiner and Times, and begs to hand him the enclosed report of an audience given this afternoon by- Earl Russell to a deputation of factory opera tives on the subject of the American war. ’ Yesterday afternoon a deputat ion of factory operatives, representing 'Manchester, Stock port, Preston, Oldham, Macclesfield and other towns, waited by appointment upon Earl Rus sell, at tbe Foreign Office, for the purpose of presenting to liis Lordship a memorial signed by upwards of 90,000 persons engaged in the cotton manufacture. The deputation was introduced by Mr. Jas. Aspiuwali Turner, M. P. Sir Thainas G. Hes keth, Bart, M. P., and Mr. W. 11. Hornby. M. P. The prayer of the memorial was to the ef fect, first, that the memorialists having been supplied prior to the American war with cot ton of the quality best adapted to their wants, and that no failure in the supply of such cot ton had been anticipated, tljeir rate of wages was based entirely upon its use. Secondly, that since the beginning of the war one-h ilf of their number had been entirely deprived of work, thereby becoming paupers or recipients of charity, while a large majority of the re mainder, compelled to use inferior cotton, had been, and still were, earning only about two thirds of their former wages. And thirdly, considering they had patiently suffered their severe privations, owing to the belief that such a state of things could not last, they were now induced, by the evident hopelessness of the struggle on the part ol' the North to subdue the Southern States, to represent to his Lordship the claims of the factory operatives upon the favorable consideration of tier Maj esty’s Government, and to pray that her Maj - esty might be advised to enter into conceit with European Powers, with a view to restore peace on the American continent and re-es tablish on a sure basis the industrial prosper ity of the manufacturing districts. Earl Rus sell, after reading the memorial, was addressed -Mreral members of the deputation. In frse of their remarks, the speakers T the present unsettled state of the *>i and pi oduced statistics showing ’ the important towns had been actory workers of tbe best classes, powerful inducements held out Federal emigration agents—a state jjiich bad led a large number of poor to risk a precarious and liaz- Istence in a country not too scrupu <is asl6 the means of recruiting its wasted rtnies. Apart, also, fioin considerations of heir own material warfare, the deputation -cogged to submit to the Foreign Secretary that in the opinion of the vast majority ol' the peo ple of the cotton districts, the Southern States, ■ .i well by superior force of arms as by the manifestation of the highest capacity for self government, had entitled themselves to recog rnition its an independent Power. After listening to the deputation with evi dent interest, his Lordship expressed his ad miration at the conduct of the opeiatives, his sympathy with them for their unavoidable suf ferings, and his earnest desire that the time would speedily arrive when the Government <hi ght, with good effect, offer to mediate be tween the contending parties. The deputation then thanked his Lordship for his courteous reception, and withdrew. The London Times comments on the above as follow^: A small body of well intentioned politicians still adhore. os wo think, most misiakenlv, to the p!<>-'! of mediation. There is a “ Society for obtaining a. cessation oi hostilities in Amer ica,’’and a deputation from it, consisting of Lord Clanricarde, the Bishop of Chichester, Mr. Spence and others, who look upon the war as a calamity preventible by European inter ference, waited upon Lord Palmerston on Fri day, for the purposo of urging Her Majesty’s Government to take steps for the restoration of peace between the belligerents. We need hardly say that with the ultimate objects of the society we entirely sympathise. We must also accept most of the facts ou which they base their arguments. The evils of this war hive happily not fallen on ourselves with the weight that was expected, but still the nation suffers, and would gain not a little by the end ing of the strife. * * * * But in anew offer of mediation we can see no remedy for these evils. Mr. Spence says that “there i3a peace party, and it is growing, but it has no rallying point. Tho action now urged would give them a pivot on which to form ; not, indeed, the action of England atone, which was to be deprecated altogether, but that to be taken conjointly by several leading powers. With such assistance the peace party would rapidly gather strength and numbers, and thus we might reach the issue all desired.’’ This is rather sanguine anticipation than sound reasoning. General Grant, after losing probably half his original army, is reduced to inaction; anew Confederate invasion, or raid threatens the Northern States; in Georgia the contest pro mises nothing permanently favorable; in the Southwest the Confederates are slowly recover ing their overrun territory, and the diminish ed armies of the North are scarcely strong enough to hold the cpntral points which they seized in former campaigns. Tho comment ou all this is one which cannot be suspected of partiality. a o » o * Let the “Society for Obtaining the Cessation of Hostilities” look at the recent news, and they will be content with "Lord Palmerston’s answer. The best service the Government of this country.can render to the cause of peace, is to let events run their course, and not to interfere in American poiitics by word or deed. Why Gen. Taylor was Relieved. —A few day3 since we copied an article from the Mont gomery Advertiser which assigned the causes why Gen. Taylor had been relieved in Louis iana. The Macon Telegraph assigns lately different reasons for the matter. Here they are : The Montgomery Advertiser gives one of the causes assigned for Gen. Taylor being relieved from command, and only one. We give an other assigned by ex-Lieutenant Governor llyams, of Louisiana, in a letter written to his son, Capt. Ilyams, Os the army of Tennessee, and which we were permitted to read. In it the Governor states that Gan. Kirby .Smith or dered Dick Taylor tofall back into Texas ; tints leaving the entire State in the hands of the ene my. Gen. Taylor fell back as far as ’Pleasant llill, and was then in the last parish of Louisi ana, When the Louisianians, who compose a large portion of his force, unanimously petit tioned their commander to make a stand, as they would prefer to fight than to retreat. Gen. Taylor immediately called a council of his offi cers, ' among whom were Generals Mou ton, Green and Polignac, and they decided that in the dissatisfied state of the spirits of the troops, it would be more politic to give Banks battle than to retreat any further, as it was feared that if the latter course was pursu ed the desertions would be so great that the army would be unable to make a stand any where short of Houston, Texas. Under these circumstances Gen. Taylor gave battle aud achieved a series of brilliant successes; all of which is well known to our readers. B[After8 [After the battles were over, Taylor called on en. Smith for troops to continue pressing the enemy, and prevent him from escaping from Alexandria. Instead of sending the troops, Gen. Smith ordered away to Arkansas, two di visions of Taylor’s army, end thus enabled Banks to make his escape. It was under these circumstances that Taylor requested to be re lieved, and we learn, he severely censures Gen. Smith, for what he terms “the strange conduct” of that officer. This is the story. It may or may not be true, but we give it as an act of justice to Gen. Taylor. General Hunter has been superceded in the command of the Army of the Upper I’otomac by Gen. Sheridan. Os thirty two hundred men comprising Mc- Cook’s command, paly six hundred succeeded in returning to. Sherman’s Hues, THE ATTACK ON MOBILE. By way of the North we learn some lit tle ac count of tj»e attack on Motile. The latest in telligence announcing that “the fleet had pass .ed Forts Morgan and Gaines, and that the bombardment had been going on for three days, and was still progressing'.” The Herald gives a description of the con tending forces now at Mobile, and says “since the rebellion commenced no two such formida ble fleets haVe met in combat.”' Os the Con • federate fleet, the same paper speaks thus : Ihe energies ot Admiral Haciianaii, who lias commanded, that naval station since the war have been directed to the preparation of a do tilla to aid the land forces in repulsing any at tack upon that stronghold. The Herald then gives a list of the otlicere of each vessel-captains, lieutenants, surgeons engineers, sailraakers, carpenters, Ac.- as full and complete as could be furnished Irorn the records of the Navy Department Itself, i la question is, how did get it? Are there spies, too in the Navy Department? The Herald gives the following account of ‘.in defence of Mobile and the harbour Obstruction.?: Mobile is perhaps the best defended place in the Gulf and it will require all the dash of Farra gut to gain a tootlioid inside of the defences.— . It is not only protected by heavy forts well arifled. but by a formidable ilotilia of ironclad rams, gunboats and cottonclads; and this fleet must be destroyed or driven welldip the bay before it will bo safe for the wooden vessels to pass in. Nature, in laying out the bay, ran a tong, sandy peninsula,"called Mobile Uoiut, up on which the United States Government placed a strong work, mounting one hundred and thirty six guns, two dors in caseinate and one cn barbette. • ■ _ This is situated ou the starboard or right side of the entrance to the bay, through die swarsli channel. On the port or left hand side is situated Dauphin Island, on whose eastern extremity is located Fort Gaines: also- a case mated woik, mounting some fifty guns or more, Commanding tiie middle channel and the pas sage up the bay. Outlying from these two points of laud is a small island known as Sand island. From Fort Gaiiiss, on .Dauphin Island, in a northerly direction, and on thcjdiore line, is a water batttery, mounting nine'guns of long range, and irom this battery to the north-- waid and westward,.and'up to Grant’s Bass, are a series of earthworks, and a work known as Fort Powell, mounting twelve guns. Extending from Fort Morgan across the svash and middle channels is aline ot spiie ob structions, being under the cover and protec tion of the guns of both torts, 'these were placed, there some time since, and are represen ted to be quite formidable and not readily' passed through or removed. A small passage way has been left to allow the blockade runners to pass in and out to sea. Tim opening, lying close to the foit, is carefully watched over at. night by small picket boats, which can, at the approach of ouij vessels, give a signal, and the guns of Fort Morgan—a number ol which arc always trained upon that spot—will open upon the invaders ; and in addition to this safeguard the rebel ironclads are moored so that they can move readily to the further assistance of the fort in preventing any vessel passing through, So much for the outer'land defences. The Herald says of “the object of Iheinovo rnent against Mobile:’’ The present movement is probably designed not so much lor tho capture of tho city of Mo bile as it is to obtain possession of Dauphin Island and Mobile Point, so that the harbor can be effectually blockaded and at the same time to relieve the large Union flee', now elf that place, who have been hourly threatened with an attack from tho rebel ironclads lying under the guns of Fort Morgan. Tlie Northern papers report also that Fort Hobson, near Pensacola, Florida, was captured by General Asbooth, together with a quantity of stoics, eighteen guns and some ammunition’. —-Cgia***— A Civil war in Illinois R appears from all accounts That there is quite a lively time 1- ready in some sections of Illinois. A special dispatch to the Chicago Times dated Hillsboro, Montgomery Cos., Aug. 2, gives the annexed particulars: On Friday morning a band of citizens from Montgomery county, Illinois, numbering about 500 men, well mouh'od and well arm. u under the chief command ol Deputy ‘Sheriff’ Sieveu son, with Captain Sparks, Weils and Uuvr, as subordinate commanders, marched in the direc tion of Van Burensburg, Southeast of I’ilisr boro’, against the notorious Colonel Ciingtoan and his band of guerrillas. On Friday night they encamped near the edge of Fayette county below Van Burensburg, pickets were thrown out, and our men lay ail nignt on their 'arms. On Saturday morniifg they marched to Green’s Creek, and from thence scouted thoroughly the adjacant territory. Tiieyejneountered the ene my several times during the day. A little East of Van Burensburg our boys were fired upon by a band numbering about thirty, aud two men, James Jeffries and John Ferguson, of Litchfield, were seriously woundel, the former in the shoulder;, and the latter in the thigh, both with buckshot- Tho advance guard encoulercd a similar party eight miles northwest on Nandalia, near Yarbar Springs, and received and returned their fire. Our boys kilied one horse and wounded several guerrillas, how many is not known. The Confederates then took to the bush. During Saturday the men wore scattered through the wood:: and captured about twenty prisoners,-five horses, and it lot of camp equip age taken from a camp from which the enemy had hastily departed. On Sunday the command returned to Hills boro.’ Before leaviog, they discharged all but five of the prisoners. The live, on their arrival at Hillsboro’, were admitted to bail in the sum of one thousand dollars each to ap pear for trial at the next term of the circuit court to be held in Hillsboro’, in September. But Davis, the man who carries the Demo cratic party of Montgomery county m hir breeches pockets, baiicd the entire lot. There were citizens in the vicinity of Van Burensburg who agreed to deliver tiioi :■ of their neighbors who were implicated i . these disturbances, that have distinguished this por tion of the State, to the civil authorities Some have been delivered. More will lie de livered but the great majority have taken lo the Okaw bottoms. These desperadoes are led by a man who calis himself Col. Clingman, and claims to act und.-r a commission from the Cowfederate Government. Ills men are sworn in the Coufedeiate service. There is another band of horse thieves, bur glars, murderers, deserters from both armies, and Coppcrhe tls in tho same vicinity, under command of the notorious John Carlin, nephe w of Don Morrison, of Illinois, and holonol in the Confederat service. Carlin his been twice a prisoner in our bauds—the last time at Alton, from which place lie broke prison and escaped about four weeks ago. The whole country round about this’ place is greatly excited. The citizens of Hillsboro; are in momentary expectation of attack. The town has been patrolled nightly for more than a week, and ai! the roads leading thereto strongly pieketted. They fear the rebels will execute their threat- of burning the town. U. S. Marshal Phillips, of Springfield, is here, and it is expected a regiment of infantry will arrive to-day. A late dispatch toethe Times gives the-annex ed farther particulars: The citizens mentioned in a former dispatch who were to have been delivered up to the ci vil authorities have failed to put in an appear ance. A delegation lias reached Hillsboro from the insurgents in the vicinity of Van Burens burg, with a demand from Col. Clingman for the return of the five horses captured by our men on Saturday last, and a threat to bum the town if the demand wa; not complied with. The horses will not be given up. The Louisville Journal states that within the month past, the rebels have captured trains and destroyed government properly on the line of the Nashville and Chattanooga railroad to the amount of several millions of dollar -. Drafting is going on in New Orleans of all persons trom eighteen to forty-five years of age. Puis went Lincoln Denounced bv his A (Aim;nffsioNu. Manifesto Aoainst Him.— ■ iK ‘ ;| i'th is in a blaze of excitement brought forth by a Confressional manifesto is sued . gnus! Mr. I.incoln.by bis own putty I It appears that Senator Wade, of Ohio, and Representative U my Winter Davis, of Mai y laud, chairmen'of the Senate and House “bom nnttivs on the Rebellious States,” have pre pared and presented, in.their official capacity an indictment against Lincoln. The Üb,aid says of the document: * This maniiesloxliaigea Mr. Lincoln with ar rogance. ignorance, usurpation, kuaverv an I a .lost, oi oilier deadly sins, including tlrnt of hostility to therigiit, of .humanity ami to th# priucij‘l- s i\ i>»tblicti!i government. Noth mg tout. \ allaodjgham ()1 - t| K > m( , at venomo , u. the copper!,end tribe of politicians have !wei! :u derogation of Mr. Lincoln has u proa. IH-d i.. Wire,-mv -:,.1 force the denua'cil mus which o nes. Wade and Davis shinier .guts ol the hepnhlk-an parly, have piled u,v in tins manifesto. 1 1 'fne ostensible motive for the address which these gentlemen have seen tit to issue “to tins SUppwrtets oi the government'' is to show than the design wlnch the President had iii view in not approving and signing the bill passed b> tnM.i it* ;! ;•:> tiu! ‘.itsi session “to guarantee t*i> certain States, w!#-ie governments have been usurped, a repr.leie.in government,’’ while he del not assume the responsibility of vetoiiie it ' was that he might, by pursuing blaowu plan of readmitting rebel Slates on the pretended iv turn to loyalty ofone-tetytb of their inhabitants held in bit; hands the control of the next IVesi’. doutial election. The reasoning on this point is’ brief, but. fraught with significance.—Here it. Isl The President, by preventing this bill from becoming a. law. holds the electoral votes ol die rebel States at the dictation of tils personal ambition; If those votes turn the balance in his favor is it to be supposed that his competitor, defeated by such mean a, will aoquiegee? R the rebel majority assert their supremacy in these Stater,, and send votes which elect an enemy of the Government, will we not repel his claims h And is riot that civil war for the Presidency' inaugurated by votes of the rebel States { " ' llie I’reuiili-nt is told, in so uianv words, that if he dure to carry out the scheme'foreshadow e.i his election Will be re. isted aud eivit war for tiie Presidency,inane m a ,-d. 1 uc Herald treats ihe subject as a matter of great importance, in.a double leaded editorial. In dosing it give.; Lincoln the following good wap: Asa Rresident of the United States, Mr. Lin coln must have sense »nough to see and a>- knowledge he has been an egregious failure. The best thing ho can now do for himself, bis party and his tountry. is to retire, front the high position tg which in au evil hour, he war. exalted, aqd it any ui-übuv ardor possesses hmi johi ti,-.- raid sol the army. One Iking .must, be- If evident Jo him, mid that is, that MJidei ti.) ciremneiam*** can he hope to be thu next, Piciiiih ht of the I niled States. fho tin-.il.ii];icl;,>ii with his administration, which Ims hng-bivn h h, by the great body of Aiueiienn iLi .yiis, ii.i.-i spiead even to'liis own supporters,and now it lie will not ptalie a vir tue of lun'vs. ity, and withdraw from the Presi dential contest, “the mipporte.r, of the govern ment.” -will be very apt to act upon the advice given them by Moso-s. Wudo ami Davis- to consider the remedy for ihe-io usurpations, and having found it feml. ,:.dy execute it. That remedy, need we say what It i t Mr. Lincohi cannot ued t.q be t’old ‘.hat it i> th-- same of winch Dig winds 'uui !—n Wlilsp-ritu-; to., somev.vek.: pant-- Lit.- isseiubling of anew na ‘iomi! corneii'-ion cl. Buffalo to put in nomina tiou .feu the I'iv idem y ti tu i in wliera nil tin* people of -lie United . , will renose ftu„l and conlUleiice —some -.m h man as Grant, Me. (Jltffiau, Hancock, Sheimaa or Hooker. Xnr. Pi;.\( :: Dr aoi’iiacv or New York.--'! ha New \ oik Herald of Aug. 5 contains the an - uexvd account of Hi movements of tho Peaca Democracy of that city: ’the Dcmoerafie 0. •miuiltee met last.evening,' ". large tilloiHl.tuo • being pro:, -lit. lion. John '••cU’Oi.v. a i- -I to s!i.« chair ip the absence oi the chairman; Mr. F; Daley, Secieiary. Jrr. U. K. ih.mvi.U ottered the following resolutions, h-Ci. m motion, wore unanimous iy adopt :.’: Resolved, '< hut the masses of ihe Demo craln* par! •/ this oil v ;.nd State are. for peoctv lor nu inline*., ie o , -ivs of hostilities, and ioi-fne .instant inauguration pf negotiation* for ending the presriy war, and that we demand' a plat form !av:-:i.-. an airuistiee and a Cou veutiou of tiie Shims ...on the Chicago Presi dential Convention J cho: red That hm •» lit longing («> this Genond Commit !-;<> who have been placed upon tho delegation from this Slate-to the Chi cii'.o Convention b - h tructed, and tlm remain der of that dfclejpr ion bo. end thev are hereby, respectfully recoinme 1 iordance with the sentiment 1 ; tho.' v.repiescn! to Hast their volts fur no man as a’ candidate ol’ the Democratic pr.riy •(• -■ ihe-j j eii t m Vice Presi dent in favor ol -h.; furii.er i;re :' ution of this useless, bloody and ruinous war. Resolved, Thai v. 1 approve of tho proposed mass convention for peace Jo be held at Syra cuse, 13th iit • oh! 1 vivo it our hcaitv support Du molu . liu d'i ill ' following re. olutioni were subii ifed” end adopted, on the ayes and noes. unamimonWy : Resolved, Thus one of the chief elements of tho strength ami ue .oi the Mozart Hall organ:ion i .j. he >1 harmony, aud the tin nnjinity with hi. n•: nunsols have b" -n him tabled. Resolved, !’ At':' ;*■ y and good feel .ing stiil uontiniv.s ue twithstanding the Iqlse. represent'!:ini.: -i ■. brt- of discarded mem ber.- am; ih s'Crem:; =.' rival organizations. Resolved,-Tim; o ‘ < the two hundred and twenty mc.uv, ..! i G -oral Committee, we have been unable Hi cover but two traitors,, and they have ce ed to bold an y positions in our counsels of coo'i : en oor respect. Resolved. Ti 1 :ow. a; heretofore, we are united am! !u .’ . , I aii, •; too much con ndeucc the ' . ,:f ear Cause -and Ihe strength of our ; ' ■ ■> be effected by tho iactioui spirit of ov.- aduu created iiy men vho have iieen r ' ■! by u and driven from qur-conn-els, iu < u-: ! their iugrati t ide, perfidyV.mf cc rnpiion. Gen. Hood In.:: - ns Army.—An Atlan ta correspondent • ■3 way Go:s, Hood is increasing U . r: . ■ ’ * Goii..l4ood !■• ’ .■ run into the hands of every available :. . - ■ oauected with the ar my. All of llie c have been aimed and re*turned to. tb-i re-peciivo commands, and the ncgroi coime-ted with the army h ive beeu employed in that apaeiiy. Quartermasters and Commissary liar • en made to disgorge the many supeifiiioi :..euin their departments; Surgeons also. The nc ul is ihe anav has re-, eeived a considerable reinforcement. Ja Clay ton’s division o.'oue f ■ number ol' new ineu retnrned from t! ' ’ - ■ fachments reach ed 300, which I'' time is considered a good ieglneut. ' ■ if. t from the cooks alone will reach -ifil'iO effective men. But Gen 11 1 •’.< snot stop here. Helms ordered the l. .of e cry : rtilleri. t, except front numberoct: !<-• 'who are (tbs Mutely necessary to hand! • from this source an incr-ase will hs obtained amounting to near 3,000 in n. I- iy, however, that this,or der converting . ; t ilery j ,t.> iufintiy caused considerable fluttering am :.g tka-battery boys. Tr ue, many >-1 t! -.-ri> jake the Iking quite eas), perfectly willie.: to -i re their country at this critical jun< tore in anv • ity that will aid iu the overthrow of Sherman and his “Hes sians.” From Hi : i • and * once’per ceive tli'd Gen. ">■■■ ; K determined to leave nothing undone *' tfill :va the g?c-at in terest of the cop:;try. • I am proud to • •:.-ande of Georgian* are responding to tl. 1 c-ili ol Gov. Brown. If a general ewgaccrucut * -,; jr bo delayed ouo week.longer, and Ifcaeuewjr retain their pre sent position, Shciiaau and ms army will be routed. - - The blockade turner Falcon, having three smoko stacks sod one waist forward,, bar left Halifax for Wilmington direct.