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BY N. S. MORSE & CO. d%Dnicle & knitted. TERMS. THE WEEKLY CHHOM( I.E A EESITI.m IS PUBLISHED KVEKY WEDNESDAY THREE MONTHS ?l DO SIX. MONTHS gSOO ALWAYS IN ADVANCE. WEEKLY ADVERTISING KATES. Oudixaht Ar»T2nT:i/.M hsti pabltsked in the Weekly we is sr<o twent7*flrecei!t..alia« e«chin»ert!on. sr e iiAh *,iTr,;sß will be charged tUrt/coiili aiineforeaeli neerlioh. 4 M atetaase.DßATrisand Pc-i«»*l Noncieona dollarest OniTL Amj N'jriute fortycentu pcr'ine for one Insertion enter D*':!yor Weekly. Where Obituary Notice• *t« tut l.h'd In p.l vend Weekiy— Silty ceiite per line. I'KAIK SK ITLEM £ Vl' liF THE ULEHIUX THE I tit UG. Soms months since we slated that n decisive victory of one of the contending parties over the other, in the great struggle that now shakes this continent, was not to be looked for. We did not suppose that the North could con quer the South. The South did not propose to conquer the North. A great battle in Europe . sometimes settles (he fate of a dynasty. '1 he territory of an empire has been won or lost upon a single field. Waterloo was the spot vrhero the throne of Napoleou was crushed, never again to he raised up in his day. When the Emperor saw in the gleam of the setting sun the Old Guard recoil, he drove liis golden spurs Into the 11 inks of the good horse that bore him, and would have plunged into the broken columns that had never failed him before, to rally them for one mure desperate charge. A faithful officer cauglit tVe reins, and prevailed on him to quit the held. All was lost. Tho eye that saw the sun of Austerlitz rise upon tho field where two Emperors faced Napoleoh in battle, had seen the last beams of the day-goJ gild the helmets of Wellington's Guards as they came sweeping over the Hying columnasof the best troops of France. The reign of Napoleon had closed For him there was the rock and the vulture. For France there was a restored Bourbon and peace. The war raging between the rent Mates so recently united under ona govern ment, can have no such termination. The ar mies of tho North beaten and destroyed, rise again and renew the coullict. The South is struggling for existence, and will not yield. Two great peoples, spread over the continent of North America, speaking the same language, witdi tho same religion, l,.ws, and tradi tions ; are not separated by any great stream like the Danube,, or tho Rhine ; nor by a moun tain range like tho Alps, or tho Pyrenees. The contest might ho interminable if left to the ar bitrament of the ordinary laws of war. Tho populous North with all Europe to recruit from, might renew tho struggle after the loss of every campaign. Tho heroic South, planting itself in tho moral Thermopylt* where it lifts its banners to duy, asserting its right to govern Itself, and staking everything upon the i»3ue ; resolved to achieve its indcpsndeuce, or to per ish, is absolutely unconquerable. How then shall this gigantic war, which has now raged for more than three years, bo brought to a close 1 Wo asserted long ago that this was to be accomplished bv a political rev olution at the North. By the overthrow of the Black Republican administration. By tho triumph of the conservative men of that section. By bringing into power that paity which for so many years maintained au unequal struggle against overwhelming numbers for tho suprem acy of tho constitution. This idea*Eo earnestly pressed by us upon the country, last winter, is now receiving the assent of a largo part of the Southern people. The importance of tho great struggle between parties in the United States begins to bo appreciated. It is high time.— Fortunately a periodical revolution is provided for. Every tour years tho dynasty may bo changed. The actual policy of the government may be modified—reversed. Every one con nected with the Executive Department may be dismissed from power. Someone will, within the present month, he brought forward as a can didate for that high place which Mr. Lincoln lias degraded ; someone pledged to anew pol icy ; someone committed ton settlement of the great quarrel between the North and the South. Everything is hopeful. The failure of Grant's campaign lias spread dismay through out the ranks of the Administration party.— Sherman is in a critical situation. Defeated, driven out of Georgia, this would seal the fate of that odious party that rose to power in the United States upon the ruins of the republic. The great political triumph in November would begin to to throw its inspiriting light over the dark waters of strife. If armies still kept the field they would rest on their arms. They would await tho issue. They would luish the thun'ders ot artillery, and the rattle of musketry, to witness the result of that civic triumph which the friends of constitutional liberty were about to achieve over the man who had .homo the very impersonation of faction to the had emi nence from which be has for four years direct ed all the energies of the government to the overthrow of right, of law, and of Freedom. There would be a cessation of hostilities. The defeated columns of the Black Republican Administration would scatter. The incoming party would at once begin to mature their plan of pacification. This is (be great question that rises before us in all its vast proportions. How shall peace be brought about ? What shall be the terms of settlement.’ No question affecting tbe rights of mankind of greater magnitude than this has ever been discussed. Os course a settle ment with the present administration of the United States Government, is out of the ques tion. The ground assumed by Mr. Lincon in his last extraordinary proclamation “to whom it may concern, ’’ is intended to shut the door upon any set dement. It amounts to nothing more than a demand for an unconditional sur render on our pait, and an abandonment of our slave property. Such a plan will never be considered. It is not intended that it should be. The position assumed by the President of the Confederate States on the other hand, is one of simple independence. It demands a re cognition of our Government, absolutely and unconditionally, without terms of any sort.— Os course that is the object of the struggle.— The United States Government must disband its armies, and renounce the right to coerce any State. That monstrous pretension must be abandoned. But suppose our independence conceded; our Government recognized. There are other questions to be settled. What are to be our boundaries ? The North might con sent to recognize our independence and settle upon the basis of uti possidetis. This of course ts inadmissible. Other questions of equal mo ment are to be oonsidered and disposed of. The relations of the two peoples to each other commercial arrangement*—the frevdom of cer AUGUSTA, GA., WEDNESDAY MORNING, AUGUST 31, 1864. ! tain streams. And very rainy matters of the largest interest. How shall these be disposed of? Can diplomacy grasp them ’ Are they suscep tibie of settlement by the Confederate Govern ment, representing the States? We propose to give our views of this subject in some future articles. We rejoice in the hope that the day is not distant when the terms of pacification must be considered: an 1 when ths voice of the High and Mighty Ruler of the Universe will say to the tumultuous billows of human passion which dash their wild surges over this lair land —“Peace, be still ” 1 HE TAEL Ail iSSKE. It is a fortunate circumstance for the country that almost sirnultanousiy with tho destruction of the Alabama, another Confederate wa>- ves sel has appeared on the horizon and his commenqed its exploits on the ocean with a zeal which bids fair even to eclipse the achieve ments of the steamer which has been so long the terror of New York and Boston. Great was the exultation in these cities when it was un derstood that lh r - Xearsage had done the woik which they had for a long time essayed in vain. Great too. it must bo confessed, was the de. pression in the Confederacy when it was ascer tained that the gallant Sernmos, more gallant in this instance than discreet, had been over powered by a larger crew and a larger vessel. But the appearance ot the Tallahassee dealing death and destruction, powerful guns, and capturing several splenSd prizes, has effec tually revived our depression whilst it has noti fied our enemies to moderate the transports in which they have so recently indulged. It is a remarkable fact that on an element where we expected, at the beginning of this revolution, to accomplish hut little we have 'dealt blows to the entmy far more damaging, in proportion to the force employed, than those which he lias suffered from us from any ojhsr quarter. We have not spoken extravagantly when we have said that one single vessel has born the tenor of the largest commercial cities of the North. All sorts of expedients were de vised for the capture or destruction of the Ala bama. Repeated extraordinary meetings of their Board of Trade were called to consider ho w this very desirable object could be secure#; embas sies were sent to Washington s«king that special details might be made to gearch the seas for the troublesome 1 ‘pirates,”—private vessels were dispatched in quest of the offender, aud to stimulate all concerned, large rewards were promised to tho man who should destroy the offender. These unusual efforts showed that tho Ala bama had struck the commercial interests of the enemy at a very vita! point. They had good reason for being afraid of a man of war which has been largely instrumental in trans ferring nearly three fourths of their carrying trade to foreign bottoms, in compelling the sale at reduced prices to French and English parties of .costly American ships and steamers, in increasing the cost of insurance by American transportation to a figure so high as to leave many ships unemployed, and in destroying the peztige which the 11 ig of the United States had so long enjoyed lor security aud despatch Should tho war close to day, we do not believe that thirty years would suffice to repair the damage which our cruisers have inflicted on commercial interests of the enemy—tore store them to that relative superiority of which they boasted—and with good reason too— prior to the election of Abraham Lincoln. We are glad then that blows which have here tofore proved so ineffectual are not to bo in termitted. We believe that if our Govern ment Rid afloat to-day ten or twelve war steam, ers, under effective commanders, it would turn the thoughts of our enemies towards peace quito as dec’dodiy as the successes which have been achieved by Gen. Lee, or which may he effected by Gen. llood. The wealth ot the North consists largely in its commerce, and they regrad with .much concern vhatovtr threatens this interest. Our efforts to compete with tho enemy in the matter of rams has thus far proved unsuc cessful. We have not the material, nor the machinery, nor the labor which they can com mand. Though we have had some successes of n marked character, the recent disasters hi Mobile Bay in connection with what we have ■suffeied at Savannah and other points,, show that we have not the means of constructing iron clads which can contend successfully with the formidable antagonists-which they bring to bear against us. Had the millions which we have sunk in building mailed boats been invested in sush enterpvises as the Tallahassee, we should have had a representative ol our Government in every principalsea; and each ono wool l have been a peace maker, speaking for'the termination of the war more eloquently than was recently done by the gentlemen in Canada who sought a conference with the Federal l’resident. Such a fleet would give ample employment to scores of vessels which are now hovering around our coast ready to. seize our merchant ships whenever they appear. Ax Important Decision rott Marylanders —On Friday, Judge Ilallyburfon, of the Con federate States District Court, at ltichmond, delivered his decision in the ca'e of Robert F. Hobbs, who snod out for exemption from military service on the ground that he is a Marylander and has been exiled from his home in consequence of sentiments entertained by him adverse to the prosecution of the war by the United States Government. Judge Haly burton sustained the grounds which were arjJTied by the petitioner's counsel, General Humphrey Marshall, and discharged him from custody. He took the position that in all cases in history where poisons were exiled from heme on account of their political sentiments, they could not be legally required to jake up arms in defence of a country which was at war with the nation from which they had fled ; and the application of Mr. Hobbs being based up on this ground, he had no other recourse than to set him at liberty. Judge Halyburton’s de cision was made orally. It is a very important one, from the fact that it will effect the status of all Marylanders, or other refugees from the enemy's territory, who may claim exemption from the Confederate service on the same ground. From Gen. Morgans Command.— A gentle man in this city who has just received a letter from an officer in Morgan’s command, dated Saltville, Vi., has furnished us with the an uexed news : Gen. Morgan’s command has moved down into East Tennessee. He had a fight both at Greenville and Jonesboro. Col Lillard, of the third Tennessee was killed. You need not be surprised at any time to hear that Knoxville and Loudon are in our posses sion. Provost Marshal.— Lieut. W. R. McLaws, we are pleased to learn has been appointed Provost Marshal of inis post This appoint ment is a most acceptable one to the public, and we have no doubt but that general satis faction will hi given by the new incumbent. LETTER FROM HOY 4. W. WALL, OF A HAY JERSEY. Burlington, N. J., June 30, 18C4. Hon Elijah F. Purdy, Grand Sachem ; D. Del av'ao, Nicholson, Cooper, Bell, and others, Sachems : I-have but this moment receiv ed your kiiHfcmtation to attend the celebra* tion by the venerable Tammany Society of the anniversary of our National Independence. Owing to a pre-existingengagemeat it will not be in my power to accept. Recognizing the sincerity of your patriotic efforts and desires, I must confess that I am not animated by the -same hope that appears to glow in the bosoms of the sachems ot old Tam many upon the subject of a restored Union. 1 lully appreciate the spirit that induced the patriotic Jackson to utter the famous watch ivoid, “The Union must aud shall be pre served,” you have placed so prominently at the bead of your card of invitation ; but it is clear to the most ordinary comprehension that he meant only in the constitutional way, and not through tho coercive military agencies of the Government. lie distinctly declares in Lis Farewell Addre s : “ If such a struggle is once begun, and the citizens of one section of the country arrayed against those of aiibther, iet the battle go as it may, there will be an end of the Union.” . He believed with Washington, and so assert ed “that the foundation of mo Union must be laid iu the affectious of the people,” and there fore could never have acquired the illogical idea, that the strength of the superstructure could be increased, or its permanency secured by means tending directly to undermine these foundations. Rely upon it, the only hope now if, indeed there is any hope left, is in immediate cessa tion of the hellish slaughter, and a speedy rieacc, and even then, the restoration of the Union will have to be the work ot the healing hand of tiitne, that must obliterate the fierce savage mi mories that this fraternal strife will have evoked. The man who looks for the old Union to arise beautified and glorified from the yet warm ashes of desolated Southern homes, from the blood of kindred, shed in civ il strife, from the fierce hate that the dying shall breathe forth as a legacy to those who survive them, most surely inagino a va ! n thiDg. One of the gravest delusions iuan agrf üboun ing with them is that which urm 1 ‘To sacrifice the las‘ ’ ’ a blind idoiilary / s I have as slrong a high an appreciati origin; and it, ithi-triov. nay, more than this; I wu. it, when these modern path., so much in love with it, were --w, blide,” aye denouncing it, as “league v» and a covanant with death.” I am not, however, lanatreal enough to pe., mit a mere sentiment, to blind me to iacts, ana deaden my sensibilities' to tho existence of higher aud more momentous issues. 1 will al ways put Liberty before Union. The preser vatiou and the sovereignity of the States, are of infiutiely more importance to me than mere bredth of territory woiclr must be occupied by white slaves; more important than Federal power; if that power is to ba wielded by a usurper and a tyrant. Liberty we must and will have; its possession is essential to the life of every Iree born American ; the Union is not necessary unless associated with tho first. Ot' what value is Union to the citizen who finds all his guaranteed lights iu the amend ment to the constitution entirely gone? His right to free thought, free speech aud a free press gone, or swaUowed up iu the maelstrom of a grand consolidated military despotism? A Union is a very good thing to have and to bold ; but if in order to secure that Union I must bo content to see that constitution over thrown, the reserved rights of the States and the people annihilated, the war power one-of the attributes of the Executive. anil myself gazing at it through the barred and boltech windows of Lincoln's bastiles ; then I would trade off a thousand such Unions for one littlo San Marino among barren rocks, where the rights secured by MaguaCliarta were respected, and where oppression and usurpations are un known. But supposing the Union could be restored, how long, surrounded by the memorials of the past, struggle here at the North would it endui-e? Certainly every- thoughtful man must admit that the statesmanship which suggested in scribing on the regimental colors, symbols commemoraiivo of (beir having been borne triumphant in our bloody fraternal conflicts; or of erecting monuments as memorials of our bloodv struggles, could never have contempla ted a permanently restored Union. The memories of these fraternal conflicts must be buried in oblivion before a permanent ly restored Union can be secured. The heath en rulers and statesmen understood this princi ple in human nature, apparently much better than the professedly enlightened Christians of this noon of the nineteenth century. It was Tiberius who, when the Roman Senate pro posed erecting an altar to vengeance to com memorate the death of Biso replied, “public monuments should commemorate foreign con quests, not domestic calamities.” C»sar, on Ids return from his African campaigns after iris great victory at Thapsus, upon celebrating his Four Triumphs, wisely and carefully avoid ed all allusions, by banners or otherwise, to what, perhnps, were the most brilliant'of his achievement!;—his victories over his own coun trymen. In Spain and Thessaly he had routed (he disciplined legions of the Romans; “but their defeat,” he most truly said, “brought no accessions of honor to the Republic. 'The glory it reflected on the victors was but du bious and barren. This Christian nation should have learn and wisdom from the example of keathenrulers and statesmen. If tire settlement of this quesiiou reduces it self to separation or Southern subjugation, then l.am for separation a thousand times, because the demoralzing iullccnces and usurped powers that- must be evoked to execute such a fiend ish judgment would establish at the North a despotic power worse than Ghengbis Khan or Tamerlane ever controlled. Such results as subjugation and annihilation have been accom plished where he will of the despot was the supreme law, in such .devastating war as the Timours and Attilas of the world have waged, where tho grass never grows where the hoofs of their chargers pressed, and the smoke of the country went up behind them “like the smoke of a furnace”—never, surely, by a re public whose chief corner-stone is “the consent of the governed,” and tne avowed objects of whose Constitution was “to establish justice and insure domestic tranquility.” Yours, respectfnlly, James W. Wall. The Water Approaches to Mcuile. —Th following facts and figures from ihe U. S Coast Survey, 1856, will prove interesting at this time: To proceed up to Mobile is only practicable for vessels drawing not more than Bft. water. When opposite Alabama City steer N. 24 deg. W, for Stewart's Pavillion, nearly a mile west of Choctaw Light; when the Lower Stoke 4»ear« N. 70 deg. E steer for it, passing it close aboard on your porthand. Thence to the Up per and Wreck stakes steer N, 18} (leg. E., keeping; them also close aboard on your port hand. From Wreck Stake steer N. l}deg, E. for Turn Stake; and when it and Fowler’s are on renge steer N. 58 deg. W., keeping this range astern until you get near the Choctaw Point shore at the* entrance of Mobile river, then haul up to the Northward, keeping the Mobile side of the river close aboard. Vessels drawing more than 12 ft. must anchor in the Lower fleet; vessels of 12 ft. may pro ceed to the anchorage of the Upper fleet, crossing the Middle Ground in not less than 15 ft., passing Point Clear, 3 miles distant, on the starboard hand, aud anchoring off Alabama City, midway between the Eeast and West shores of the Bay, in 15} ft. water, blue mud. Dog River Bar. on the chart, is about four and a half miles from the centre of the city. The nearest point of the Upper fleet nearly nine miles. The depth from Dog Kiver Bar up to the city eight feet and under. —« » • - Another lankee Expeditos “Come to Grief —An officer who arrived in Montgomery on Sunday from below, states that our forces suc ceeded in capturing four hundred of the Yankee expedition that crossed the Perdido river a few days age, on their way to Mobile Bay. The negro who piloted them was also captured, aad was executed. The Last Raid on tbe Macon and Atlanta Railroad.— The uncertainty and confusion re garding the fa.ts of the recent raid from th« Yankee lines around the left of our army, up on the Macon & Western Railroad, having cleared away, we are enabled to present a tolerably conect account ol it from its start to its termination, though we are not yet sufficien tly in position of particulars to go lully into details, The vigilance of our authorities at the front had several days ago discovered that a raid was in contempiati n, and it had hardly left their lines before the information was com municated to points liable to attack, and pro vision made to repel the raiders. Telegraphic dispatches from Headquarters announced on Friday morning that it had star ted around the left of our army, and our car airy was already ia pursuit. In addition a brigade of intantry was sent down the load. On Friday evening, Gen. Ross, who had beaten the enemy to Jonesboro with his.cavalry, was attacked by them at that place, but being un able to contend successfully with the superior force of the enemy, fell back, and the enemy occupied Jonesbmo that night. They perpo trated the nsual barbarities and acts of van dalism, burning live pti' r 'encuj aud the freight depot, and t '■ a r!icst of the iuciosureß about to /tones*. It is also reported ti . the Court House, but this is co * needs confir mation, f I Au Ia the meantime \ .tmmenl of abont three hundred freui; force had struck the railroad about/ near Bear Creek, and capturi AstrucUon train on its way. down fr ; pita. Os course the train was <b .slrr ro box cars alone es caping i'gt ih'r.iTru'n. Tho raiders, howev er, appear to ha"-- '' 'Older a big scare, and aside 1. i the '-'“TRsu-ain, and the cuttiu; o. True, accomplished but little The r* dy of the enemy which- forced him out of J- is attached by Am urday morn ing »e direction of 1 countered Her' -brisk fig < r desu % have been iosm-cu. was admirable, and only . their retreat'saved them. -v Taken altogether, this monster ram turneu out to'be'.the most oompjptg and total failure yet attempted by tho enemy. P. S. Since writing the above we learn from a gentleman who had a conversation with Gen. Armstrong yesterday, at Jonesboro, that the General left two brigades lighting the enemy near McDonough yesterday, with great suc cess. Gen. A. had returned to the railroad for the purpose of looking attor the party he had driven the’day before towards Fayetteville, fearing they might .return. —Origin Rebel. The Late Raid.—When the Yankee raiding 5 party made its appearance at Jonetboro, the ordnance train that was standing there made its. escape. They tore up about one mile of tiio track at .tiffs adace sod retired without a fight. ’ V * After their departure Gen. Reynolds made preparations to move farther down the road, in anticipation of their re appearance at some other point. Sending an eugine and two cars attached, he dispatched a sma 1 party down the road to act As skirmishers, vtith instructions to the engineer to tali back to tho main train on the first appearance of the'enemy. The raiders, as it afterwards turned out, onceuled themselves so well in a piece of woods near Lovejoy’s station, that the first party passed without discovering them. This was no doubt intended for a pretty good trick, the first train was considered “bagged,” and ail remained quiet until the approach of the larger train,"which they no doubt supposed contained sick and wounded soldiers, wiien they rui-hed out piling rails on the track and firing into the train. This extraordinary sum mons to halt was promptly responded to Ly General Reynolds’ Arkansians, who iimnedi ly formed a line of battle and advanced upon the enemy. They gave way immediately ; our men driv ing them back on to a portion of '©tit' cavalry who had coma up and formed in their rear. Seeing their situation, they made a desperate charge, breaking our cavalry lines and escaping in tie direction ot McDonough. Our cavalay consisting of “Red” Jackson’s, Armstrong’s and Fulkerson's command, all were in pursuit. Several men were brought iu badly wounded in the head by Yankee sabres. Geu. Reynolds estimates the enemy’s force at 3000. —Macon leler/rajilt. Gov. Waits and the Aliens. — Gov Watts of Alabama, lias issued tho annexed proclama tion in regard to the Aliens in that State: Executive Department of Alabama, [ August 13, 1804 j All persons of foreign birth, able to bear arms, whether naturalized or otherwise, who have come here with no present intention of leaving the State, are liable to perform mili tia duty; and tho militia officers will bo dili gent in seeing that they pertoim tie duty they owe to the country of their adoption.— Coming here and entering into business, proves the intent to remain, and makes this State their domicil. All papers attempting to shield them from service are worthies- 1 , uud must be disregarded. I shall hold the command ants ofcount : e3 to a strict accountability lor their action not puly in ref erence to foreign ers, but os to all others liable to do duty in tbe militia. Men who do not obey tho order to assemble at the places appointed, are liable and punishment. A failure to dis charge duty promptly by officers or men, will be punished to the extent of the law. Foreign ere capable of- bearing arms, within the State of Alabama, who refuse to defend the State, cannot be permitted to remain with in her borders. T. H.Watis, Governor of Alabama. A Compliment to Georgia. —The Richmond Whig in speaking of the military affairs in this State, pays Georgia, and her citizens, the an nexed compliment: , The war scarcely furnishes an instance in which the press and the people of a State have displayed more patriotic devotion io the cause than boih are now doing in Georgia. The mi litia are responding to Gen, Hood's call for re inforcements en ..asee, and with an alacrity that shows they arc teribly in earnest, while the papers of every shade of opinion are calling upon absentees and skulkers from the regular army to return to their post. We thus behold the energy of a persevering and gallant com mander, backed by the practical patriotism ot an unconquerable people. Can Sherman, by strategy or brnte force, ever overcome such a combination. The damage done to railroads in varrious quarters of the State by the Yankee raiders is, we k-arn from Georgia, being repaired with a rapidity characteristic of “the Empire State,’’ More Tistimoxt of Official Ixcompetesct.— A correspondent of the Selma Reporter, writing from Clinton, La , speaks thus of the bad man agement of Post Offiiee matters: Th* mails here are in a most dreadful and annoying condition, and stand much in need of the attention of Mr. Reagan. It is an un gracious if not a dangerous task to censure a public functionary, since they will not want persons to impute this censure to some sinister design or slumbering feeling of disloyalty ; but in the teeth of all this, I must say Mr. Reagan is a vet y “alow coach” indeed, and needs stir -1 ring up. Tbe heat at Washington " City aod further North has been intense the past few weeks. VOL. LXXVIIL—-NEW SERIES VOL. XXVIII. NO. 35. FROM ViRSIAIA. A negro deserter, the first that, has reached our lines, came in aJew days ago, having de serted from the Thirty-seventh regiment of United States colored troops, with Grant's irniv in front of Petersburg. His name is John!Thom as Butcher, free mulatto, ond before his cap ture by the enemy, on the 11th May hist, was a fireman on the Richmond and Petersburg rail ' rond. His wife and childmr five in Ilinwiddie county. On last Wednesday he was on cuter picket near Fort Clifton, and gave a brother black picket a bribe to let him go lice, which ho did. Butcher lashed several rails together with hiskuapsack straps, aud plung-edinto tbe Appomattox, swam across and cams into our pickets. Tbe negro is most intelligent and keen, and gives account of how he was put in to service. Massa, one of dsm jus took a peu and piece of paper aud make a cross mark so. Den he say, “Can you make a mark like that'/’ Told.him certain, sure, 1 could, and 1 went ami done it. Then he said, “You’re a soldier —a corporal, here be your clothes.” Butcher has been committed to Castle Thunder for the present. It is now thought that Gen. Chambliss, re ported killed, is wounded ia the hands ot the enemy. The reported death of Gen. Wade Hampton is not credited in official quarters. Deserters say that Grant has lately been re moving his troojis with great rapidity, and that, he. has now left in front of Petersburg only about one full corps. The quiet on the lines in front of Petersburg still remains unbroken, and public attention is almost solely directed to operations on the north side of the James Soldiers state that in the late fight at Charles City, at least seven hundred negroes were killed. We are still without autheutic intelligence from the Valley. The report that Sheridan has commenced withdrawing towards the Poto mac is renewed. It is stated that the unfortunate citizens of Prince George county, now within the Yankee lines, have been treated worse, if possible, than others placed in similar cir r uinst<inic3- I hey have net ouly been subjected to personal insult and abuse, but have bad their property destroyed and provisions stolen, and left in an ,almost starving condition. The editor of the Lynchburg Virginian has srned from a visit on the Viigfnia and ffiessee Railroad ns far as Little Otter River. - v e will be completed so that the trains’ war it, this week. The last gap in yiil rkeu he tided, and the cars will fits entire extent. The depots have -<=en rebuilt. Their absence wilt not in fere with the use of the rood. Only one is anding between I.yuchlurg and Wytheville /-that at Big Spring where the Yankees did not go. The bridge over Little Otter River is "25 feet in lcDglh; and the height between jiuety and one hundred feet. Brig. G<jn. Chambliss’ death is confirmed. His JOdy has been sent into our lines by the Yan kees. On Wednesday, the enemy occupied Sigual liill, a position about two miles and a ball’ be low Ohaffin's Bluff, and commenced fortifying. They were however driven off by'our troops en the same day. The enemy has possession of Newmarket or Jcuuing’s Hill, at the intersection of tho New market and Long Bridge roads. Prisoners report that tho Yankee General Ferfero, dancing master ar.d commander of negro troops, was killed iu Tuesday’s light. Officers who were engaged in the light on Tuesday represent that the slaughter of Yan kees exceeded that of the 30th oi July in front of Petersburg. 1 Notwithstanding the fact that a large num ber of the enemy’s troops have been with drawn, a heavy force stiil remains in front of ..Petersburg, ami the indications are that they have no intention of abandoning that line of operations. Their guns arc yet mounted as before, except, perhaps, iu some positions on the left, and their boas.led mortars me still in place. Their lino of battle, though somewhat withdrawn at points, is stiil unimpaired, and their pickets tire as active as ever. The sickness iu Grant’s army is reported to be on the increase, and hospitals have been erected at intervals on all the roads leading to City Point. For about five weeks past the Confederate forces iu the vicinity of Fredericksburg, con sisting mainly of engineers, irave been mining. The first day they started tins enterprise they struck a paying vein, aud have worked it ener getically ever since. It seems that a number of neatly arranged graves attracted their at tention, and, upon examining the headboards, it was found that they were all in commemora tion of “officers.” The proportion of officers to men, slumbering upon that particular field, awakened su.-picion, and the Confederates thought they would try a resurrection experi ment. The result was they discovered under neath the sod so sacred, numerous boxes of muskets, lead, and other materials of war. They extended their labors, and have suc ceeded in exhuming several thousand excellent weapons, and a very large quantity of lead, all of which have h en sent to Richmond. Col John S Mcsby attacked a Yankee wagon train, near Aldio, in Loudon county, on Wed nesday, August 7, captured and burned forty wagons leaded with supplies for Sheridan’s army, and took one bundled and ninety two prisoners, including one Major, two Captains and five Lieutenants. He secured at tho same time four hundred mules and horses, ail, of which were brought off safely. In one af the wagons was a Paymaster’s chest containing several Hundred thousand dollars in green backs, which were burned, our men being in ignorance of the presence of such a prize until they were consumed, when the Yankee pris oners tauntingly told them of it. During the meleo some fifteen or twenty of tho Yankees were killed aad a considerable number wound ed. Mosby lost four or five wounded, none •killed. A deserter who came into the lines at Peters borg on Tuesday night, states positively and witii a color of truthlulness, that Grant is still burrowing, and that one of his mines will be finished, ail ready for “blowing up,” in a few days. It is reported that the Yankees have again got possession of Signal Hill, three miles below Chaffins Bluff. fc A gentleman who left General Early’s com mand on Thursday, Aug 18rh, makesto glo.veng report of the condition of the troops ; says thac they are in fine health and the best spirits.— The horses, which were somewhat fagged by the long and continued marches, were replen ished in Maryland. The soldiers procured clothing and shoes in the same State, and are getting an abundance of good food in theirjire sent quarters. lie further states that our loss in the surprise at Moorfield will not exceed two hundred men, and will probably fall under that number. We lost four pieces of artillery, two belonging to the Baltimore Light Artillery, one to Jackson’s Artillery and one to McLanahan. It is stated that General Ransom has applied to be relieved of the command of the cavalry in the Valiey. Brigadier-General John Pegrarn is in command of the divison of General liam seur, who has been ordered to Richmond. ‘ An official dispatch received here yesterday states that a portion of our force in the Valley crossed the Shenandoah, at Front Royal, on the 16th, and drove the enemy's cavalry, which retreated towards Winchester, burning the hay and wheat stacks on their route. Oa the 17th, Sheridan began to retire from his po sition, was pursued, and two divisions of the 6th corps, with a large force of cavalry, over taken at Winchester, and driven through the town, losing over two hundred prisoners. Th?. enemy fell back towards Harpers Ferry. The following officers, recently exchanged by way of Charleston, liave been ordered to report for duty as follows : Major General Arqher, ordered to report to Headquarters of the Army of Northern Vii - ginia. Major General Edward Johnson, order ed to report to the headquarters at Atlanta. Brig. Gen. Jeff Thompson, ordered tr> report to Lt. Gen. E.- Kirby Smith. We learn that the battles for the Weldon Railroad was renewed on Saturday, and that our troops succeeded in capturing thirteen hun dred more of the enemy. T his performance is said to have cost comparatively iit'.ie, having been effected by strategy chiefly. The fre quent rain prevented any very extensive oper ations, although cannonading was kept up all along the lines. Various other reports, of a less consistent nature, reached us, but it is scarcely Worth while to repeat them. On Sunday morning our forces renewed £he attack upon the encruy, and, alter a considera- b!e fight, drove them from the railroad. The tiring ceased about cos o’clock in the after ; noon, and only shots v. .re atlor wards heard. the reports which reached us con-, corning this engagement is one which L ;rs that during its progress Gen. Aluhonc ar-d his ;staff became separated from their command, and were, for about ttwtcmty minutes, iu the bauds of the enemy. Our men charged the enemy and rescuedqhe General and liOaff ," ' aud at the same time, pushing -ibsward, cut <ui two of the hosti-'e brigades irom tbffii- i .. b'idy.and succeeded In killing, wounding and capturing the whole of them.’ • FROM THE IYU.It II WHS?. Parties, known to be reliable, in tho secret service of the Confederate Government, says the Columbus Sun, were iu this city a few days since. They left St. Louis, Missouri, about the fust of August and brought through with them St. Louis papas of the Ist. A state of anarchy, worse perhaps tb.nu that oi Mexico and the western die ifctS' of South America, prevails in the once great and prosperous commonwlma'.th of Mi., , ri. Tim country is full of guerrillas an<i-ba:-hivh:-xk;.s; no man’s life is case while passing along ui highways from place to - place; commerce of every description is measurably sitspetu' and the papers contain the official, am . m meat of the railroad officials that owing to the .unsettled state pf, tho country aud Jie perils attending traueportaSon uo trains wonid be run to or from Be. Louis. .A iitp.uniie-ri hpd not hiade a lauding at that wliaa m a fornight, and even iu the heart-of tne city there seemed to be littlo secijjity ia Lie er property. In Southern Illinois the sfato of affairs we,-' very little better'. Bauds of armed, men, rep resenting the iu tercet of bulb seeiioun, ini. h'd the remote districts, and murder and highway robbery was of daily cccurrtmco. The Prosi deht and Directors cf tho Alton aml 'i’e.u-o Haute Railroad had notified tho' Gov#:ament Agents that their Road e.-uid ho used no- louv er lhr the transportation of munition, of war. Peace meetings were numerous, but were not uufrequently Drokcp up and dispersed by mobs. Iu retaliation, prominent war men bed been murdered ; and iu one instance, a L ain loaded with army supp'd shad been intercepted turd destroyed by guerrillas. . The Sun remarks editorially cu (In's state of things tipis : . j. No wonder tho agriculturists of the North- West want peace, ’liiieyhave a tor-da:-to of what must ijievltably follow a prolongation C-f civil war for the establishment cf a powerLe struciive of the State Governments. New ia 'the time for prudence, ingenuity, and diplomatic skill in the Southern Cabinet. Let not this opportunity pass unimproved, as , a fernter ono. \Ve are glad to see that our authorities appreciate tho magnitude of the present crisis. FROM TRASS-SilßSlfealPPl. A member of Gen. Price’s staff ’.who left Camden Ark.,.JWy 23, say;; that Price Is still at Camden with his infa’-iry, that Iris iun-.0-cavalry cavalry force is operating on the M: Arkansas and White livers, dr.-lie -;- i . bee boats and stores, and that S-.-’olc'is Mil) cooped up ia Littlo Rock, where he is very strongly fortified. Price does not -I to light Steele in hisehtrenclnaonts. but \ ii; s:- n •compel him to survouder tho place or come .out, and fight him. Our guerrillas are having everything their own way. in Missouri. By way of tit. Louis, it is announced that IJ-irOy Smith was w-pr-ose-I to : a .: c-mp'.’irg to cross to the east sitiq-of the Mi i what point w-as either not known oris net men tioned. Martnadukc, i.owov- c;v--.iiu.-; ilia zaen, in small -so u-.a ,iu is i:; ffiffior-hood of James Landing. On the 10 Ii mi. Shelby who, with iris command, was at riesrey, be tween Little Rock an l BateSvi 1 !:', c.si; ’•;! one hundred and eighty of the Tenth a. . i-.ois eas ily. Gen. Carr was in command of th 3 Fede ral troops at Littlo Rock, whilst lb ns. L :o m- i Gordon, from. Louisiana, wer White River with rointWcetne, is for -Con. Steele. * From late orders issued from Headquarters Department Trans-Mffi.Lffjipi, wo l«v.n that General Buckner succeeds Gen. Walk. , in command of Western Louisiana; M.:;,;.?.d«r takes the Department ol Arkim and WaiLor commands the Department of Texas. Gen. Maxey attacked a camp cf EL:/; 5. troops within six miles of Fort Kmitb. He ports the capture of 150 prisoner,:— 8.:. : Kan sas Cavalry—and small arms an<l*46o - shooters. He has: pushed Gens. Gano . . Standwatie towards Kansas. Gen. Joe Shelby is playing sad havoc .with tho Yankees on the Missouri border. He re ports over 3000 recruits since hi,; advance. . Brownsville, Texas, has been evacuated by the Federals. This takes the last Yankee foot from Texas soil. FROM FkOilHiA. The enemy, after having completely burnt the town of Baldwin, leit in the direction of Gainesville. Capt. Dickerson, who v/att. toon at the latter place, heating of their advance, proceeded immediately'!') meet them, and in tended bringing on a fight at Waldo, but the enemy having, no doubt, heard of his inten tion, made a flank movement and got into Gainesville before the return, of Or.pt. Dicker son, at which latter place an engagement oc-' curred, which resulted in the defeat of the en emy and tlto capture of 140 prisoners.' 'j he enemy were dispersed, a party going in l’ • di lection of Newnansville, who were met’ . Apt. Williams ; lie captured 14 men ai>T •' ’.t The remainder left in the direction cf Vwb'o, and, it was supposed, would be r by Lieut. Col. McCormack, whose command had reeved from St. Mary’s trestle for that purpose. 1, supposition at Waldo was that the who!:; peaty would be captured or annihilated. It is supposed that the strength of the 1Y;1- crals m Florida is about 2,500, of which 500 are or Jacksonville, 500 at Fubitka, at Black Creek and Baldwin—the remainder, 1000, comprising the bodies of raiders, wb : ;h have been divided, a portion going toward.; Newnansvilie, and the rust in the direction of Waldo. The fight at Gainesville occurred in the streets; many Yankees were -eke down and killed in, and even under, die >•; :. The affair was quite crediiab'e to onr troops, and reflects honor upbn Capt. Dir. •■an, wi- sc name has become famous for sagacity, intrep idity and daring in pursuit of Yankees end to ri os. If Dickerson only iv/X-it couple ci regi ments, no Yankee would live in Florida out side the Everglades. The Yankees have burned a portion of Apa lachicola, Fla., consisting of the j-id, courthouse, Capt. Thigpen’s dwelling and several othei dwelling houses and the gi iter portion of the stores on tlie street fronting the river. FBC’,I iWETH CAROLINA. A Yankee raid composed of three regiments, infantry, Cavalry and artillery, v: m u!e through the counties of P.i.oir “.nk. JtVrq.u mans. Gates and Chowan, on the week preced ing t.ha election, in which a large amount of cattle and many horses wye gathered up arel taken off. They made Elizabeth City their headquarters, and sent out raiding parties in every direction. They remained at Elizabeth City four days. The late ruins in North Carolina have brought out the upland corn, and the color ia good and the ears ftrge and rapidly maturing. W< aie glad to notice too that our exchange s in differ ent’part*! of the state speak of the c op as very good. We suppose the aggr< vita iin the State wilt be quite large—quite cnouph wean confident, to sustain cur soldiers in lUo field and feed our people at home. There is probably a smaller number of Yankees in the Eastern part ot iMs Slate at. this time than at any period sii:*!*; thh faR of Newbern, there only being e .on '' rtf:; to furnish a small garrison for each of the phu» they b-i-id. We learn that i*. p..::on who h; recently been v.i;hin the Yankee lines esti mates the whole number cf t. e enemy alo: g our coast at not more than twenty-nee hun dred. We think it more than partible ih;<? the pressure for u, u ’ _ .G.r.:e may force them to evacuate eniirt y. • A number of Yank e negro recruiting ch eers have arrived at Newbura, N. 0. I The National Intelligence!*, ia an extended criticism pronounces Gen. Grant’s campaign , thq most unsuccessful ..onur under token. LF. V »'EB FROM. TRKASI'UER t)F UkORUII, 4 • Treasury of Georgia, | A-tLumoEvn.LE, August 18, 1864. J writer in your ■ ally of ihe Kith inst, over the common aud much abused name of Justice, seems to think necessary to c-xcu-e liimself and the coramu ndy generally in refusing to take the old issue C onfederate notes bv nulling attention to uivt mivertls meat of July 1-lth. ->k the writer for republishing my ad - vertiseiaci’.t, and hope it will be heeded.- Tlu Stale b.-s iro two for funds which cannot be paid out to those whom she is indebted. An t ihe old issue has been repeatedly—alrnsat urn vei;;aliy—lelT el; by persons presenting war - rants at this Department ever since tbe Con gress and tbe i , S. Treasury dffermined to re pudiate one third, as. nobody feels secure that the balance v ill not bo repudiated at the next ses. ion in spit- of the strenuous efforts of the pr«t t- . i»>*. Sceretaiy. For the ia.r'l three years circulars from tlr* department to tbe tax collectors have author ize;! them to receive, net only Confederate bonds.and coupons, of which the last 1 liav j a iew on hand; some of which the law requires lob:; V: ill specie. Yet when presented X am toil) l must take old issue at its face for all tin filil.due preYtous to.the first of July. Now Messrs. Editors please exfUaiu to Jus tice that -as a public officer I have no authority tojfriecive Unit into tho Treasury which WiU not go out- ns . as it conics in. And eei t-i-ialy none to take that which will not go at all :r. y.--.yrmmt of warrants, which is the •tpßy use tue Stot-o has-for the taxos she col- Tectb of lav people. Respectfully, &0., John Jones, Treasurer. . - ROM EAST TENNESSEE. The Collirnb:a 'CaroMhiau learns that Col Brown, with 250 men, has just returned from a. sircc-A-fu) raid-info Fist 'Tennessee, where bo destroyed Lie splendid railroad bridge, 78(X t&rt-loug, over tire, Tennessee River, at-' Lou den, capt ifri-(| 75 prisoners, -brought away 70i» P-.-G-. of binukets iicil £OO uniforms, besides d.vjrc.yhu; a considerable number of wagon* and other property. Tho movement •would h. y.e been-a snip; iso but ion the. treachery of. some person, who revealed tho plan" to the ene rry ahd caused them to bo <sit the alert. A . i» :ht enr.ued in eonseqiftmco, during whicli wo lost live ki’k-ditnd twelver thirteen wounded, ami The Yankees fullered a loss'of about forty killed, besides a number woundeTl. Our force* <s>!> ed Pf soldiers recently exchanged, and started from a point near the ,Tennessee Una. The Const!mtioßalist has .intelligence that Gen. Vaughn has l;gen placed ju command oi; our forces now,advancing on Knoxville and' Lower East TeruM-sce. The .latest news In cates tfse.-r.t at BffilVG.ip. No, doubt the plhu a is to CO-opi-mM.with Geo. Mireeiqr. CV.j’faln K Carkuj, ©£ Bradford's Regiment. Vaughn’s Bri/e-fle; whops gallant escape from Andy Johnson':; I\a;~hVii!d prison we" noticed • sol-10 wee ivsiuce, it seenuftvit-h his company, has been watching thq lliawassee and Tennes : o f alleys. Ho has captured a number of \ : a keen an.: busbw.-okers, destroyed a cou ridarablo r-mount of sutlers stores and supplies ami a-.;. : . ;< :r several of tho East Teucssei* ton; • lor tb .ir 'ivulni treatment of Southern : (. :? run ten - says that the crops arc in lino -, iu lir.l section, and that so far our hi Lit, ’..;.ve foil enough to live on. The dy teiini'nab.on to»b? iml-'peudent of Yankee ruin is itioi o intense ih-rn c» or. FR.J.VI MiFfeksMiPlM l !ho lata bad’o in North Mississippi, the -5 dtee i- -1 was .»i) killed. 250 wounded, ams id 1■ ; - "s. Our ! l; was'live killed aud t„. ..‘.y-i: • v.-oua -I. A g : ■ v. •:•'< <n»wii tho Mississippi All'.:; 3, Mi-, t m-, on that evening bt* ss’.w five ; I i.vhp par* crowded with troops p-tsxirrg down and a liv , and that two more 1 nw,. ports- uare repoti: <1 to have preceded. 'ir- in. Ho i : . • - icon . appearance of t*io troops t’oi-U- arrangement on board and several oi l -k lleff they were veteran troops.—- i ; i ; also rip I dial a part of the forcr late ly at (>xl. , went hack to Memphis ant! were thence hipped down tbe river. The .Macon Confederate b arns from a gen-. tiern:ui ci: ! _• tajlumhus, Mississippi that; the Yt.rili force on He J'aliaiiatchie amount* to a |pTitty large army, but it is not so great a-t hay liccii veported. .A lady who came through the enemy’s lines reports that-they had burned Oxford, ti.-l icavil g'many.'houses in it. The nliiiiaare >yp' Uy assembling at Macon. a‘;l otiitir poia;.:i ;i: ignated by the Governor* for the purpose of fighting the enemy. it b suppose! iuEvltimbns that the enemy will march :;i that direction, hut Forrest sticks .so close to t'-.’Ti, an-! hangs on the flanks and rear no p;:;r-i t -nfcly that fkryarohesitating and doubtii: .-; r. mt to do. But if the reports are true tb ) ba? c '.jiinrei Mempbis, their choice will beVi'iickly t-.ke.-r. It is uni.b .-. ’ rust the enemy arh literally sweeping every• bi-ig in the way of hoisro and farming uteusials from the earth, in acour dance with orders from (Ten. Sherman. ■ —«•:» -con— A Desoufcion cf jiiß Tallahassee.—A Northern paper .'-Ives tbe annexed account of the Tallahassee: The i" v ■ :-r Tallahassee, is an ir.cn steamer pairlm! ■ - 11 0, with two smoko stacks, twu fc iv.-s, about 230 feet in length, 20 feet beam, Mi.j. draws at vat nine feet of water. Her bell rs marked • Tili -b'T-sse, of London, 1864.” li, -rked “J. & W. Dudgeon, London.” o .-j is lore and aft schooner rigged ; mounts three guns—one small ono on tho topgallant toreca ■. a long 32 pounder amidships and «. twenty-four pou::<J r aft. Fire carries four w ' . ! v: Her crew consists of about 120 p-. • m-, including the officers. Mon of ail . ..mirties are represented on board, most, of whem are said to be soldiers from Lte’^ army. She is raid to have run out of Wilmington aboui ix dips a;; o, vid amt having been seen tv any of Admiral Lee’s blockaders. She ban quite a qua* :ity of cotton on board to protect her boilers, and * re arc four barrels of tut pontine*on d*’ck L.. !•<•. used in lifing vessels, Sort' cornu ... rtrtby ’ohn Taylor .Wood, C. S. N. 'me'- ’ • ■*', says hu war one .el Ur* •' .•-'sneak pirates. AMr J-i ■ i '. iha *bo ding officer. Tho crow are dressid j, 0 and tatters. Some of them wear their p- tied to them with Munibs rope yarn Tl, y; r «*. hard looking set,. Thu i hie. Engineer ! *v* that 1 e is a Boston man. or that .io was kora aud brought uo in that city. flic last, seen of tho privateer she was steer ing southeast, ' . .. fio pilot boat James Funk in tow as a tender. Ail the officer.-: re ’ rrewn cf the vessels'cap tured by th j .*; or were paroled, and signed a docume t promising not to take up against tuo t* hcl.--. until regularly ex changed. The foil ,7-i:.g is a copy of the form ox parole signed, 'iht.-o poor fellows, who have lost every*.’ in they had, can at leash console themselvc; • with the fact that, being prisoners of war, they-Cfmnot be drafted. FOR.'' OF PAROLE. 0. S. 8" - /.*"■ r Tallahassee. ) ■k. August 11, 1864, r Lut. ”1 ~ Long. 72 37 W. } I, B F., do art •*, in c iaoratioa of being; released as *pi* . of whs.* by Commander John Taylor Wood, 0. S. N., not to take up arms or s-.rve ;• rt .-the Confederate State* of America, eUrt 7 y huid or boa. until regu larly exchanged. Witness— B. F. Wm. rt:?-*:*.* ■ 0. &Surgeon. C. L: -.*., .* . ■.*. .. Detents or th*: Capital. —During tho pgst we-.’:, a ! roe ot -s-j::>.o four or five hundred no •gro*. has been - . • kr*o<l in constructing wort 4 '.ronud the city, 00 r.v.bjaitted by Col. Fay. a very accotr.pibhod engineer; who ha* •made tho pic;-,r : ’of fin'd examination foe the defences a:»*.v :u -.. •..„*.*. Os the extent or chs-.r i*.**:r o. t . a voii;a we abstain, for pri-de.itiu. re- . ;:om gt fug information, —■_ 21ulcdgevil& lies .*. •_ ;rt; v rt It is'estisnafed that tho present population of New Orleans ia l.v*,;**r than a! any other time in its history at thi ’ nrisos. Small houses arw 'impossible of nmont idthough a few mom expensive on*;S are plnoSjded for rental. Thu citv au horitk .; estimate Mhe present Summer population of N- -r Orleans at one Uuudrcd and t seventy live -UKsuiacd. . /