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and" HiTiifiirM r! # i MORSE & CO, fls|rmude a* knifed. PERMIf T IK \* I'KKI.Y I'HKOMKI.E A HEVTIVBL. IS :■ UK).I -■ I>'J> EVKRV WEDNESDAY T-IRKI' UlWfilH *JOO tit MOMIiK &»oo AI.VVAv> iVaovanck. niCriiKY AI»VMSTi“JMJ RITKH. O I> »; 1 \nife l*.ftfa :. :T( ; 1 'ril'd ;I. t.h# W.’eUll eve. ta .*7.1 1;*/*M f fi-i-*- tj4r fa:i a: a mrtlon. Sri mat tl'ijs jhsrgodthirtycrria a'mt-foresdi na '-i or.. '■l i m. , f’l/winit Ni.Tirv.aoneflr>!l»iei*c On ; ■ * foriTA<*Dtv |oiiline for on*. lsAsrlioi) O • 1 ■» ’ • ' .»«'(■ T ?.*■ Ui'j t.. r. ... •: I.- ... < V 'Hr >.n ; .-* surer I ne. r>:V\\;»l M «;*>*.VKHt-IOA TO OHVBRI . fn tli ■ . !i which .Lincoln's Brainier r>- < .By <!• li ii .1 :i( Auburn, be announced very distinctly thi-t “shivery would not be inter s.» vl with nil?! 1; .r war." It, baa been a !n --•!•1 ina v.it'i lb 1 party of wbicb Mr. Sew n-i! i -.it :cli !. :';s r! ex|.(.ntnt tbnt slavery v-'ipt :.f ti e foundation i I the rebellion, and iboi tb.- war inu-t Is- proseruled until II wan thor oughly extirpated. lo the courteous and con descend i;• little dncumtmt which recently i-s* .1 from Die royal chair at Worthington ad < I refuted “ in whom it may concern,’’ we werr informed Iliaf (lie qua: tiun of pence could not e-en be entertained unless oyr commiKiioneie were |-repinv I to accept the rcconslmctk.it of the Union and the abolition of slavery as ti e bird:, si negotiation. fit v.by does Seward, mnletrfood lobe in the Meit-tn <■( bin 1 rincipal, and indeed bis most iff'*!, nihil counsellor, now speak so differently? W'ltat “ change lev? come o’er the spirit of Ids tlrenut ?” Certainly there is a change. The position tali n a fosv days ago i» altogether ir cnwisteiiL with the previous reeord of tic party with wbicb lie lias heretofore boon iden till-'J. We apprehend that this ebungo is due to tie di.-i'overy that a majority of the people of (lie N rib ate eot yet ptepared to the comery inundated with three or lour millions of slave-, suddenly released from the whole some aiiiborily by which they have 1 ecu made to support themselves, mid to contribute to the health of the countrv.' There is, no doubt (bat the events of the war have opened the eyes o' large unn-beis of the Mi disrmt negrephUists of the Foiled t-tnl.es to the pi op or flatus of the negro, Tho federal soldiers have wrested from their owners, since the commencement ol the war, not less than half a million of slaves Tb'onrer.da of these unhappy creatures have fun ml their vav l» the North, and as many of them wer unfit for military duty and unable tp eopo with the superior energy and shrewd WWrfipfl** 'vWtl ti VV I'-- s •, ~ upon public uTiiiity Our abolition philan thropies have seen multitudes of people who were lately well Jed. contented end happy in their Bfuthern homes, crowding Noi tkern alms-' houses, begging bread iu Northern cities, or perishing in squalor and filth before tin ir eyes. These exhibitions have constrained the inquiry, iu many a mind whether, after ell, it would not have Ua n better to have allowed these people to have remained under the control of Busters who, though they insisted c.n woik, nevertheless rendered them an equivalent in lood, clothing, shelter, medical atlendauce, nud the v.nious items which tho necessities if their nature demanded. They are now far trout being na Keatons emancipationists as they were before the practical winkings of theiT system were unfolded before their eyes. lint it is not so much the philaniliropic as it Is the nialoiiul view of the question which weighs iviill thol.iiieolnityu. They love motl ey. They tire seeking to whfp us back into their embrace. And they nee that without slavery, all the products of the South will amount to nothing, llvd v.e been a company of paupers whose departure would have been a igreat" relict to the public treasury, not a r< - monstrance would bare been heard, not a gun would hare 1 ecu fired in consequence of cur withdrawal. The London Tiim-s expressed the full truth when It declared (hut the North ern States felt towards the seccssion'sts very much as n Southern planter feels tow aids hie runaway negroes -one large afunce of their protits w is about io leave them and an clfort min t bo made to avert the catastrophe. Other considerations besides those mentioned, are no doubt weighing with Lincoln, and liis advisers. They desire t* iotain power. Hc- Cb Ban goes before the (atop!*! pledged to the retention of slavery. Ity announcing such a dogma .as that which wo have quoted from Mr. Sew.;rd, tin* Republicans are seeking to take out the little General's sails the wind whi-’li otherwise might blow his to to the Kio.-idehtial hawn. As ii»ig known that Fremont will coimnmJ the.strait out abolition vote, Lincoln must make as much capital as possible out of the conservative element ot the country. Though there may not be sor.ei biliiy among his sul jeets to he dis gusted with his Inconsistency, there may hr running enough tS discover the hick rail to b* spite the tii kster. A Gross Ixjustics.— It is notorious that, ohr soldiers generally out of Virginia, iu the mat ter of their pay. have been treated with a want of eonsideratio'n and injustice which seems to have no reasonable excuse. It is stated that the Army of Tennessee has not been paid for eight months, notwithstanding many of the members have families at home in great need °t the Government's small pittance. We learn that There is real suffering amoug them in con sequence of the postponement of a sacred duty on the part of the Government. They begin to discuss the neglect with bitterness and morti fication. A more unmurmuring and patient body of men, under any excusable neglect of their Government, never fought the battles of freedom. There are uo good grounds why such a con dition of affairs should exist. Besides it is a well known fact that the Army of the Potomac has not been neglected in this shameful man ner. It is a bad policy which discriminates and shows favors in things of this kind. Gas. Forrest.—Gentlemen from the front state that Forrest has been placed in com mand of the whole of the cavalry of the army TenneMej, , ir . ...-a u _._. AUGUSTA, GA„ WEDNESDAY MORNING,. SEETEMBER 28, 1864. NORTH LEV IRXV-ITNs. X!:-' *• iribem mind ia still t-ho victim of stu peti ii.tih drlusions. l our years of fruitless and Wloody have not dispelled its halluci nations. One of these delusions is that the Union is not yet dissolved. The fact is ignored that* the political partnership formed by the voluntary consent of Independent .States has been broken up by tho withdrawal of twelve of those Stiotw ,by their own sovereign act. It is forgptf. n that a voluntary Union of States can only con tinuo by thaconsent of the parties; and that the withdrawal of that consent puts an end to ! if. There is. an utter confusion of ideas on the subject at the North. The history of the fe.rln ation of the Federal Union is blotted from the Koitkvgn l!*ri;;.;i v. ‘ii be jaCi till., esjgvij' talk? i remembered that the Ktah-ifoiiginully became ! parties to the Federal compact as individual ! sovereignties. The chimerical idea has •seized i the Northern brain that the Union, instead of ! a confederation or league of FI ales, resting up- \ on their consent, was a consolidated empire, like Russia, < m and indivisible. The false conclusion from these false premises is that the seceded States ere rebels, and should be co creed into submission to a Giwernmerrt which never existed fur a moment, but by their tree and voluntary suffrage. The. war originated in this false and. mischievous idea, and is con tinued by its ascendancy in the-Northern mind. Another cteiueion just now prevalent at (bet North, is that Ihe seceded .States are not, united in their .wi-’b aud determination to separate forever from the North—that some of them arc •filing and read * in their separate capacity, to return to the Union from which they form ally and solemnly separated by the act of con ventions of Iheir own choosing, ratified By the abrod unanimous vote of tho people. Me Clollan appears to he haunted by this delusion. Gould be but witness (lie unanimity of the people of a!! these States in (heir devotion to the cause of independence, ha would be com pelled to abandon (his favorite hypothesis as untenable. Hu ought to have learned better from his own observation and experience. Eo hairnet the armed representatives of all these States on-tlm battle field, and certainly never discoveied any want unanimity. On the contrary, to bis cost, he found them- suited ss one..man in the invincible determination to ex !>••’ tho Union restorers led by himself from -'outliern soil. When driven through the swamps of the Chickabominy two veers ago, with ids shattered and flying hosts, he certainly of that want of harmony among his victorious pursuers, on which he now bases the vain and delusive hope of a reconstruction of the Union, l y th«r s-psi qtc action of the sev eral Slides of fids Confederacy. Still anolhi f delusion of the Northern pen iv exTi n. tcd. 1 {Key would but opl-o <neir cyds I<> tacts staring them in the face, they would see that this is a capital error—that the South ir.stead of being weak ened by four yews of war, is really much stronger in every point of view, than she . was it its commencement. Her resources are mere fully developed ; her spirit is, if possible, more unconquerable; and her armies are much larger, aod belter disciplined Hiati ever be fore. The people of the North ought to know that if with the two uiil'ions and a half of mca they have heretofore called into the field, they have been unable to subdue, much less an nihibte tho Southern armies, when much weaker than they arc now, they ran not hope to conquer and Scatter them with the aid of tha Lalf million raw recruits wbo are to tuft tlie place of the scarred veterans about to re tire from the service. It is preposterous lo suppose that this new levy of eleventh hour men, who have been fku’kitig the -fenfire all 'his time, and are only now dragged into it against their will by tho raft, will be able to .v ip our trained veterans, by whom their predecessors have been so often repulsed end routed. These and; lusions, perpetually renewal, arc the great obstacles iu the way of peace. But a few days ago the North seemed to he yielding to the dawning light of reason and truth. A peace party seemed lo be rising into power ] and influence, , which promised to terminate j this inhuman aud fiatiicHhd strife. But all ! of a sudden the hopes which it excited are apparently dashed to the ground. The ‘fickle and bccotted multitude but recently clamoring for peace, now elated by a single success after a multitude, of defeats, is shout mg with mail enthusiasm for the subjugation of the It docs scorn as if the people of the North never will be cured of their Inveterate de- j lusions until they phall accomplish their own ’ utter ruin, under the lead of an ostentatious i and ambitious aspirant to power, they seem i ready again to plunge into the vortex of war- 1 from which they were about to escape. They I are vainly dreaming of a restoration of union and harmony by a continuance of unexampled -wrong '.tid outrage; of uniting the contending sections in concord and peace, by widening the gulf of blood and hatred which already separates them. it does look as if the only remedy for these delusions is io he found in tire utter defeat and ibtyrace of the North. She is not yet satiated with blood. She must sacrifice hundreds of thousands more lives before she will be satis fied to accord to the South what she claims'for herself-—the right of self government. A New Commander in Georgia.— The Charles ton Courier announces oil authority which it considers unquestionable, that the command of the army in Georgia has been tendered to Gen. Beauregard. If the statement is correct, we trust the Pres ident will support Gen. Beaureguard in all the measures practicable to give him success. Let himjallow General JWaurcguard freely to choose his own staff, and cany out his recommenda tions. and throw into his hands all the rein forcements which can be spared fiom every* quarter. The spirit of our people will rally to the support of our cause. The deep depressions our late disasters produced will be changed for a cheerful and lively hope. The gallant General, whose star has ever led to* victory, by his *?ry name, inspires confidence of suc cess. Let the people everywhere rite up and go forth to the great struggle for their liberties and existence, prepared to follow where aver he, shall lead, and our redemption will be accomplished. INK PKPSS OV MeCLELLABcS LETTER OK ACCEl*i’A.\tra. Next to tho war news McClellan’s letter of acceptance forms the topic of discussion with | the Northern press. There are evident signs (■! dissatisfaction among the peace Democracy wiih it. and (here are threats made'of lepndi ■vtiog it. The New York Freeffian’safournal j ia out against McClellan as savagely as Lincoln. -and camions Democrats lo “be oil the alert’’- i’.r.d not prematurely “commit tbeiasftlves,” as : ‘•D.-mocrsts will have a candidate in the field I" | II is reported A>y a Washington correspondent 1 that Mr Yallancligham was at Columbus, Ohio, on his way to canvass the State of Pcansvlva lii.r. when he was met by MeCicllan'e letter of a* - qj.'pee ‘>rsr» d*w«ste*-Wie Demo- • c-atie.State Committee to withdra w his name) from all appointments and returned .to his home. He subsequently a po litical fiiend in Washington, “all hope is : lost," and withdrew his naoia from tho can vass. 1 The New York Hews, the oigan of the I*peace party of New York, says of | letter of acceptance : Does McClellan stand upon that platform up | on which ho was nominated? Ifo does nor,. George B. McClellan was nominated upon a platfuim that promises an immediate cessation ;of hostilities. lie has tenounced theqdatlorm ; in his letter accepting the nomination. The i ptevc party will not consent to have their prin ciple betrayed and then do homage to th- bo-, trayer. They demand ail that is nominated in the bond. General McC-ielkn having rejected ibe proposition for n cessation of hostilities and a convention of all the States, declined the Chicago nomination, and stands before the people self nominated on a platform'of his •wn creation. The Democracy must seek a candidate who will stand upon the p!ntfo r m, for they cannot consistently support one who is in co lision with tbo'epnvention that, tender ed him the noruinatiou. Tho Democratis Na tional Convention is not dissolved, it ia ready to convene at the call of the Executive Com mittee, and, if General McClellan cannot abide by the resolutions enunciated, let the conven tion re assemble, and either remodel their plat form to suit tiiair nominee, or nominate a Can didate that will suit the platform. The Now York Tribune, the antipodes of the News, and the radical organ of tkn Lincoln war phrty, says cf McClellan : All attempts io coax or • bully General Me dellin into a change of his attitude before the public must fail, lor obvious leasons. Noth ing that he can hereafter Bay, will induce the Vallundigham faction to put faith in him; r.ml they cannot holt him, however much they may desire and threaten to. do so. There are candi dates for Congress, Governors, Ac., &c ,-in near ly every State, and bolting him will put them selves out of the canvass* A,lew of them will refuse to vote for President, but these will hardly effect even a local result, and any ef !ort to get. up a third candidale must, prove futiie. It is too late. E’tlier Lincoln or McClellan must be our : next i’ro iclciit ; aod it is h-.rdly probable ti’at. I-!.**, tl-c.le h-vt-U: ’.*: :--v% .o. i, brf «-b --j *•>:: ■* {'•'l'-f-ryi>,. ,S-.*a. the thousands 1). Moon.!* who would have been alienated i by Genend Mi-ClltHan's adberento to the Chi j c,ago platform would have voted for Lincoln, | each counting t.ro against the Chicago ticket; while those who will now ’bolt will either withhold or throw away their votes, counting •mt cue t-.ich. tt’c EhaU.be djsapj ointed if to day's result in Maine, as computed with that of last Tunsday’s election in Vermont, does not show Hat General McClellan's letter has improved his prospects.• HI) party will ot cm-.ir? bo beaten in Maine, but we think not bo ba.Uy as they Were list year;- whereas in Ver mont they were beaten dccktedly worse than last year. We judge that McClellan cannot bo elected, unless the rebels shmud Win -two or throe si mi ning victories; hut itinning on bis letter as a platform, he will poll a good vote.in nearly every IState, and propably carry five or six. The editor of the Metropolitan Record refuses to support McClellan, and gives his reasons for it in a letter to the New Yolk News, in which he says : Since reading General McClellan’s qxtraor- ' diuary letter ot acceptance, to state that.he lias been compelled by a strict sense of duty as a journalist, and in accordance with his princi ples as a Peace Democrat, to withdraw tbosnp port promised in tho last number of The Me tropolitan Record to the nominee of the Chicago Convention for President. That jiropise was made in belief that General McClellan would accept the platform upon which he was nomi nated, and it was given on thaftondition alone In his opinion, tbis go called Democra ic can ii dato has placed himself ia a position of direct antagonism with the principles of the Ameri can Const tu'.ion by dcciaiiug Ins intention to continue tie present infamous war upon sover eign States, and which has been so prolific in evil. In the course he has thought proper to adopt, he ceases, strictly speaking, to be a can didate, ns the candidate and the platform have hitherto been regarded as inseparable. Gener-. al McClellan cannot say that he-was ignorant us the character of the platform before he was nominated, ‘as it was adopted the day before the nomination was made. If be would not stand upon that platform, why did he not in to) m his'friends in Chicago by telegraph of' that fact in time to prevent the Peace delegates from being misled? Can it be possible that this 11 lay was simply a settled purpose to eu- I tyap thorn? Did he and Lis advisers suppose ; that by waiting several days alter the conven ! tion adjourned (hty would put it oat of tho j power oi the Peace men to correct tlwir mis take, an*.l thus prevent them from placing an ; other candidate before the public? Gen. McClellan says: ‘T am happy to know that when She nomination was made ihe record ot my public life was kept in view but href certainly cannot be ignorant of Ihe fact that the •■record'' of his ‘‘public life” was tb°great obstacle to bis nomination iu lhe_minds of the Peace-Democracy and that it was only upon the assurance that he was in favor of the im mediate cessation of hostilities that they with drew their objections to lym as a candidate. It was their wish that his “record” should be kept out of view, and they believed that ho himself Was not desirous of giving it a more extended publicity than it had already obtain ed; but they* never supposed that he would re fer to it as a matter of pride or satisfaction.— Are we to understand by this ill-timed refer erce to his "record'’ that be regards his arrest i ol the Maryland Legislature as a jus' ifiable act, i and that, if elected, lie will continue the sys -1 tern of arbitrary arrests inaugurated by Abra j ham Lincoln, and so willingly 1 carried into exe- I cution by himsc-lf? This "record” tells ns j 'hat he i.s the enemy of habeas corpus, and it also informs us in regard to another very un pleasant fact—particularly unpleasant to the industrial classes—that he was the first to urge ana press upon the President that most despotic of a'l despotic the present Admin istration, the odious conscription. As he inti piates his intention to carry on the war. the public should understand ’ what that menus; that it means fenewed conscription; that me u shall be forced by the strong arm of military power from their homes to wage a war of sub jugation against a people who claim a right which we ourselves should be the last to resign —the right of self government. i A despatch from Washington says : | Political experts say that McClellan's letter i <?f acceptance will cause the peace wing of the j Democracy to bolt, ualtM t&« convention « re-assembled and another candidate nomina ted. Another despatch from Washington gays : - General McClellan’s letter has created a most favoiable impression here, and is con - sideved as a complete repudiation of the peace principles iu the Chicsg-Y platform. Up to th*.ee o clock this aft-emoouftke resignation of his commission as Major-General hud not been received by the President. A despatch from Columbia, Ohio, says : Vailandieham has with.h iwu his name from all appointments in Ohio and returned homo. The peace men are deter to maintain their integrity. They will rooa call a meeting to determine their course cU a*; on. A nti.ic'ici .ai tad it:; . • •■if sft Head! quarter#, applicants for pi» mils to go through the lines.. . The flag of truce.letters eent forward under the auspices of Major Clair, Confederate truce ofiieer, have been permitted to pass. Also, a few telegraphic dispatches have been permit ted over the Federal wires to Nashville and replies received within twelve hours, Theie are ho strong bodied men, who could lift an arm in defence of the land, nor who gave promise of becoming soldiers, amongst the ex iles. The Northman is too wily tojfurnish us with the matetial uuLof which there is the slightest possibility of making soldiers, bher ptiin has retained I hem as prisoners of war and sent, or will send, nearly all of ihew northward. A large number proposed to take the'oath of allegiance, but the entering Gebcial, who makes war according lo nis owu ideas of safe and aggressive warfare, reliraeil them the priv ilege, though he graciously eobdescended to take a few into his fold. Doubtless tiyy iiu mediately entered into some Yankee employ jiiiect. Our veterans are daily moving towards the front and constantly enlarging our battallions with their numbers, which wo hope will soon make the Army of Tennessee formidable. The trains between Kuoxvilleand tChattn nooga are now running through, the breach in the railroad having boen rcp-iireth Refugees report generally kind personal treattneht fiom General Sherman, and bis ot flcers. IViiatever exceptions maythave occur red, have been in violation of orders—instanc es of individual pilfeiing, ’waich esanot always be prevented in an army, and in many cases have been detected and punished. A friend whose wife was left an invalid iu Atlanta, and came within lines a day or two sir;:e, says that at her jeeptest .Geu. Sherman ciyne to see her, and finding her unable to attend to the arrangement of her movables for transpor tation, hud them all boxed up nicely and trans ; ported to our lines, even to bet wash-tubs. Ihe Federal Genevid held tbtee boms con versation wiih her anil justified at length liis order for the removal—insisting that in his exposed position—liable to be cut oil and be sieged, it was the part of humanity to require that non coinbatttnfs'sh”u)d not he expos-, and to the privations and perils to winch bis- army must probably’be subjected—and worse, be cause he could not provide food for a large population. Goods left behind were stored, and duplicate receipts given, with the promise that they should he safely returned.- Refugees report that Sherman’s army is go to.: £ te' ? ’ ' v ! IK-W v-1 y r.>:u-ii.- V, h.-ihfer t’ifl-eniDut is con fined to men who are going out of service, or embraces reinforcements to Giaut they were unable to say. Geit. Shoiip has been relieved from,command in consequence of djsobedieuceol orders, which resulted in the destruction and loss of a large amount of ordnance stores and Ahull arms, as weli us the loss of eigi4.y-tive cars and three engines, it appears Unit Gen. Hood gave or ders for no train's to proceed higher than Jones boro, and Sa,'-up disobeyed t;-re hrdcr. Kopdft says ho will be cashiered, if bo., ho will t e the first General officer in our arm j* who lost his commission that way, and it is much to bo r«-- grfiited for-the sake of the service, as well as of the General. Andy Johnson, Lincoln’s Military Governor of 'ietincEseee, has issued a. preijlamation, 01- derirg every able-bodjjjdman, “white and col ored ’ to he enrolb’il in tho State militia for service against the Confederate guerrillas. Tint proclamation will have the effect of tilling' tlie ranks of Forrest’s command, which is now, or will shortly be, in middle Tenuvssejse. The Nashville Union of the ifitli con Was tiiis proclamation, ancles a matter of course, the abolition editor enralrses It. Lewis’ Kentucky biigade is ’being mounted, and w iii henceforth act of cavalry- The me a are quite delighted at the change, as it will give them a chance to visit their homes, from which they have been absent for three years The*Maim; JfyoioeßAcr am> Lincoln.—The Democracy of Maine are hard cm Mr. Lin coln and liis Administration. TUo following are among thebegolutions passed by the Slate Convention : Resolved, That the only ground of hope for ' the preservation of the Union under the Con- j stitution, and of maintaining tlie rights of the people r.nd of the States, and of securing au honorable peace, is by expelling from power the present corrupt, imbecile and revolution ary Administritioo, and substituting in its place an Administration which will conduct the Government according to the requirements of the Constitution, and protect all parties in i the full enjoyment ot their constitutional rights j privileges and immunities. Resolved, That the Administration, by its I corruption and imbecility, bus shown itself in capable of a successlul prosecution of the war, and from its levity, tergiversation and bad faith, is manifestly incapable of negotiating on honorable peace. Resolved, That we stand where the Demoe racy have always stood, in favor of the Con stitution aid of the rights ol t!**, States and of the people, anil of the entire Union iu all of its integrity, and of honorable peace St the earliest practicable moment Assassination. IVc regret to Wain that Cap tain J. 11. Craven, of White county, who had lately resigned, was killed o» Thursday last, in bis own house, by four men dressed in Gon fedehtte unifoim. Ho was asleep when they opened his gate and rode into tile yard. His negro woman ran into Ihe house and waked him. Coining to the door, rubbing hia ejes, he inquired what command thev belonged to when one of them cursed him aim shot him in stantly ; after which they rode oti. When our informant passed the perpetrators of ahis foul crime had not been discovered.— Athens Watch man, Sepi. 21. Raid *nt6 Mitchell Cov.vtt, N. C—Somo “5 or 80 Tories made a descent upon Mitchell county a few days since. They shot two men. Mclnturf and_another whose name we have for gotten, captured about 25 of Capt. Blalock’s Home Guards, dnd a number of citizens, and carried them off. Among the citizens captured were Jacob Bowman, late member of the Legis lature, and Robert Lewis, the County Register. They also carried off e : ght or ten negroes, apd all the horses and mules belonging to Reuben Young and his sons.— Asheville A errs loth. The Vicksburg Herald says that one hundred Confederates, under Capt. McNeil, made a raid on Welkins' plantation, near Goodrich's Land ing. on the 25th of August, and carried off sev enty mules and horses, two hundred negroes, . killed the plantation guards, and burned the stables. A New York,delegation are bringing a great “ pressure’’ to bear on “ Old Abe” for the pur pose of effecting the wpereedare erf Gen. i)ix by Baa Bctlei. VOL. LXXVIII. NEW : SERIES VLL. XXVIII. NO. 3^ ITW JI SUERMAIVS RSAK. SPECIAL COREKSPONDEBCE CHUoy.ICLU A SIUiTrXEt.. Treatment of families—Witling among the lories — Ivon-clad petroling car- -Innocent punish:-l I for %i>j«riec done the void — T lie crops -lih :d ! er’x operations—A fine opportunity far daring ' | deeds—reding of the people -Jicfuienls fared I to repair the roods, &c., ibc. Athuns, Ga., Sept. L'i, 18’ 1. ! We have recent authentic intelligence from | the line of (lie railroad in Hlie>man’s rear-—no : matter,how obtained —which may be of seme | interest to youi reader’s. * The families of cmr soldiers, and .others who ; Ate disc,ii:. ,ur (Msec-lie; pi- .: r..., oi’. it-*-..- i enemy, are doing rthn-h better ilisu siny one ! not acquainted with the fact woul-l suppose, j Where they have remained at home and been j quiet, tlieie are not a great many instances ot 1 brutal treatment, except immediately oir (he lino of the railroad, where nearly evei y one has 1 been more or less illy used. They have better j means of procuring food than is generally sup ' posed, and nearly all Lave plenty. Soto.; have suffered becauso of their male relatives ami | friends goiug hack to them. Ia every such ! the whole family at once becomes an object ! of suspicion and persecution by the Yankee:, J .Yankee negroes, and the few todies there. We, | are assured that it is infinitely better, for men I whose families are there, never to go about them, or go into the country.- ; The tories of late are becoming .excessively j uneasy. Notwithstanding Sherman has taken Atlauta, they are deeply impressed with tho idea that the safest place for them is beyond the Ohio rivers And many are making every effort to get there. Al! such, or nearly so, would have been gone before now, but for the difficulty in obtaining-transportation. The Yankees run no passenger trains, and i the transportation is almost wholly inonopo- j lined by the army. They have an iron-clad ear on the State "road, having the engine within the car, which patrols anil scouts the road from Marietta to Ohattanoogft. A number of officers are always observed on board this bomb-proof concern. ' The people in the vicinity of Iho road are | visited with the direst vengeance—the mast ! wholesale destruction of houses and property I and abuse of person—every time 11m road is I injured. No matter who may do the damage; ! no matter Low well the villains ktiow the par | ties whom they thus punish to be innocent ; i the entire community iu which tho damage is I done is visited with tiro and sword and the most complete desolation. In this way the I cowards think .to deter any one from r uining their trains of! the track, or in any way inter fering with their transportation. The crops throughout all Northwest Georgia arn veiy line. Wheeler's operations on tho road stopped the nmning through of the trains for six dayr*. ' To all outward nppcamnjeas, there is the most | j glorious opportunity to cut off effectually, all supplies from the enemy, and’ indeed, their en tire cotnmur.ioafion. It requires only a skill ful, daring commander, like Forrest or Ashby, to move the Yankees from Atlanta with the same speed they employed in getting out of the way at. the battle of Manustaas on tb.* : 1 1 r o,t-JxAx. Itstil- w« Mto!. i.u tuis p-ihiic y, particularise, or tell where (lie exposed points are or how approached, but rest content with .what vre have already said The people are cheerful and hopeful, and bear their ills with heroic fortitude, looking confidently for the day of deliverance to arrive very soon. , The Yankees,Jiave lately ordered all major, within live miles of the road fe> be taken tip, enrolled, and sol do work on it. Geo mil a. . lettku mo.vi WESTtfiij; v. i SFKCtAfc eORUI*.sroXDF.XCS CtIROXtOI.E f SKVnNEI . * | Change in commanders Morgan s death.—The 4, d'r.., dx. Dbv’t Wkst'x YiuoimaA East Tkiin., j . Camp neap Carter's Station, Sept. 6, 1801. ) Some serious changes h-tve taken place in j this department within the last Ten days.. Gen. | Echols is now commanding. Gens. Vaughan and Cosby are in the field. It is understood that young Bsowrdow eom l raanded the party who killed Gen. Morgan - i They refused to capture him, and !>v that act | they have placed coals of fire upon their heads i which will yet burn their heels. * I « j In the lighting on the 4th inst, our loss ) amounted to four killed, and fourteen v/omnl j ed. Among the killed t will mention Lieut. | Robert Scott, of Nicholasville, Jessamine co.. | fiy., and Wm. Sail, of Ha:risen co- Unit. { Henry A. Darnell, of Flournoy co., waswouml ; ed. I T will give Kentucky items in my next. Sous Lieutenant. lI£SEKYE«B TO US A HUES I TU. Lovejov's Siation, Sept, 15th, 1804. To Governor Brown ; Will you please instruct the furloughed Mili tia to collect absentees aud deserters in their respective districts, and turn them over to Provost Marshals, to be sent to the army. J. B. Hood, General. Executive Department, Mili.edctevii.le, Sept. ICth, 1804-. General J. 15. Hood, Commanding Army of Tennessee : I will comply with your request with plea sure, and will publish this correspondence as my order to the furloughed Militia to Srrest and send forward to your army, all deserters and stragglers In their respective neighbor hoods. Josei-u E. Brown. ( Localities in the VinoniA Vallev.—Har per's Kerry at the junction ol the Winchester and Baltimore and Ohio railroads, just where the Shenandoah river enters into the Potomac, is distant from Winchester 27 m.lcs. Mar* tinsburg is directly on the Baltimore a;:-1 Ohio road, 20 miles west of Harper’s Kerry. Duf fleld is 7 miles west, of Harper’s F- rry, and Kearneyville (> miles west of Dufiield. end consequently seven miles cast of Martinsburg. Both are stations on the Baltimore and Ohio road, bhepherdstown, on tire Virginia side of the Potomac and northward of the railroad D ■about 12 miles from Harper’s Kerry and the same distance from Martinsburg. Leetown i;i two miles south of. the railroad, on the Shop, herdstown road, which crosses the railroad something less than a mile cast of Kearnev ville. Halltow-i is southeast of Dufiield’s Station, from which ft is distant about seven miles. - -ami Gzs. Joseph E. Johnston — lt is believed by many shrewd persons that the fall of Atlanta, and the loss of the immense stores that were s iuerea to accumulate there, will open the eyes of the President wide enough to see and ac knowledge his error in removing Gen. Johnston I from the command of the army, and that be | will reinstate the beloved chisf whom he has j f V a * t ' "'LI I so harshly, by way of conciliating ! people, and at the same time giving the country convincing proof ot his magnanimity. H e would not tear a leaf from the laurel wreath that encircles the brow of the gallant Hood but think with the Philadelphia Enquirer, that if ! Joseph E. Johnston had been commanding the j army of Tennessee, at Atlanta, Sherman would j hive been whipped ere this. We have, how ! over, no heart to quarrel with President Dai is, ; but hope he will yet do justjee to Gen, Johos j ton,—S*t:ncL Reporter, THE -,u vfa TAX on liAVL'.:*. AX IMPOSTAST OPINION. The Goldsboro State Jourc-.l publishes an opinion lccc-ntly given by Acting AUortmy Gen eral Key a. in r-gard to liability of fc\MJ on by the Confederate Government, of banks in which , State Governments have an interest. 1’ o:a ii is: Di pautmenT of Justice, ) Richmond, Va.. ktiih Aug., 18;i4. j Hon G'-'o. A. Tr.Exnor.w, See'yofth - Ttuuniw: Bir:- -la L * c of the A* • Oei *;ia’ ! I have tka honor to give a : o. fig, ;> ’ vri i cise msfi;! by tho “ oh . i C. po 1-Yu: ._d t ; 1 Banks of North Oai-ciina. i j It H !, an ; ly- iin •' • • t-;i. t; ! I* bt-nt f5...:..,.:- pfeat fiscal rgciits of t ■ c. v : interested in them as FfiickraJ-hq.;. YU- •: .- ! also required by th-fir ch u tci:. fo'l ■ m m me; to the Ftato, to icceive deposits of the tu.de, and to perform !*g»n; otiuvr dc.’h-s that me not required of any oih- r Banks ” The questions r..-!-xd by your am: First, Has tho Comedciate Cfe.viWiurent tmi right to impose .any tux upon these Ranks, iii their corporate (iiurai to;; Second. “If so, i:i the interest of the F.ffiSo therein liahb? to taxation by the Coined-.; ,te Government?” It may be assumed without, argument, thus Banks are liable to iaxu.'iVin i:i ti'dr d;->-' : character, nnles-s -hei-e ia some so ■ ' -J • -.on (ion.. Providcnco iUnk v. Biniiigs, .4 ivti-rs It may also he assumed that tho fact th-d. a Stale is one of the Sd iilitiuM--*;; oT u- Haul:, docs not exempt the Back from (.. xcifiou in if:: corporate character. By becoming a corporator, the Ftu'c ‘.‘dive-? 1 -* itself, so tpr as concerns the IrtnisacUou of (.hat Company, of its sovereign chsra'.-itr*:. and ! ik-- (hat of a private citizen. Instead <:•" coiurevuf o-iting to the Conijw-iy iis privileges and pre rogative, it descends to a Nivel with these* with whom it associates itself, and‘ (.* -.he char acter which belongs lo its -a- io. *x:-s, 8 I*. the bnsioess which is to be fc-ngu-ted. ' ;:-k of the United State.--, v. tho I’iantcr'B ISank oi' 'Georgia,!», Wheat 3u7. Bui. the real question ia this cu e 0 to he: Does the fact that these Buuk-i v., .eriiilv lishod nr. the fiscal of.the Bi-rs", <pi. them from Confodt-ralo taxation in the v cor porate character ! ’lu answer to the question ’? fonu-I : ri (’ ■ theory of the two Government.-:. Taut theory, .so far as our present purpo-m# hi <:u :. .may be thus briefly, staled : Tim p.u ; -of . bach-State who alone h;sore dgut-y Juvue established two govenimenta,.')- and i*» each Irav.-* delegated certain ])-»vrer3. 'i’bi* Iwo fr.-.yer'i ‘ menta are separate. Bid met and : a ..upon ili-.nt, though they both act open the same mu? e.n.d things. Being a*-, rr id-enn't ein.l hid' pendent, neither can, in : -e < i.t rciao «if it# legislative powers, net di-vi-'; y u 1 tins p j era , fixtures or machinery oi ;.:*e other. • J Banks have bf-f;i o.oab! -fifed by tho State . :■ * fiscal agent, are p:--rl of Die mucb.hieiy. of 1 • Ftate government, a-v t ; > ! (’oofeiierate'ta.. .'.loll in their cov-iomUi c’-i.'-.r aefier. ' * | If wn apply ;■•;* I.lie •':*’■' ' • < :-t: » ’ • ; 1 * , . :j!a.ie to the Cunfe-i-.*;.- . Ci-: •.’•iiith. -. e-'TWifi i ly, wo thrill find it cap . >ic of r..t * : ,u. r By ’ • the character of that ji>stiumc:jt; w-i -hi" flap ; il CA'.ablc of gii-arly cm!).)■’.• ■■■ •.••hi; -.'if 1 .v. '• j ly arresting, all the timaeuroa i>: iho • -*v v ■ J iiient, and of prostrating :’ - 1 ,Sw . "tae fe v ‘ of (he Cor,f. derate Gyvcimaon:,. * | If tb.C Con?'*••:iaratc coveriinicat r.:-.y hr one j instrument ouiployeiV'by a* 8.,-.h in ;p;y. .-.ecu- j tion oftfe power:-, it Etey. t;>:; uqy ft-.u'' i.ve.ry ! other ipstfument. lax c-u-.imi-. ..yis N- j sued under tho groat se.fi of -the tf.L •; . It ! may tax every judicial process K " State ; it may tax the State 1 House, the county jails of.- i-f-.e it m l -T : the revenues of a St-ite ; it m;*y h - al! he means employed by a Slate, to no -- *.' h would impair, L not d< .hi Government. This was not intend l people ot any Cotitederufi FtaUfi ■<•>' did not design to nud i ti»« finite • :o*- (*■*••".' ■ pendent on the Confederato (iovr.i .meat ; for iu the very preambin of Hi- Vumuht, the.character of “vo* - eh;-* *.-; i*. pei:dcnt”'is given (-u each :' , : all. It the principle "of coastni i ; in the taxation and the fhv ~i aari-:* of a vote i 1 established, what is to re train -{•>••. f’oUlCu. i H. Government from o::er:.asing a <.t ufrcl over t > I independence of a Mato in a*-.y 'shape it please to give it?- Tho legi- 'Mtiu*! pcv/cr of the Confederate Government is .no:', cum fined to taxation. That),-, not the or.iy mode . whi It might be displayed. Tho quest: v . fi: truth a question of independence : aiiu jf tiil'-rfft .of tho Confederate Government so t.*x t : a means employed by a State be crmcra’.eJ, the declaration that a State has a* sep :*v e am 1 ih dependent government, is empty isr.vj uiin-ie..;i iiig declamation. Sen MeOnilo -j vs. fi;c State of Maryland, 4 Wheat. 432-13.1. And hare, with the greateat defer -men I may be allowed .to say, that Ido not sec the necessi ty liis: the line of argument ifeoeiii.l l.»y the Chief Justic'e in that and one or t>.'/ o other !J..i cases.' Tbeqiiestion in th >se < seems to be simply one, not of “uupremacy” but; as already stated, of the sanerate and. m depeudent existence of'the‘two - Admitting that plain proposition—a pro; •i- ISon not eusceptlblo of denial—a iF th.scofol lary is inevitable, that the pov/ars and roach:- nery of neither government is within *he scope of the existing or other legislative power of the other. But as the cbarfc.T. - ! of tho B ink: l arc not be fore me, and us the question is i.n important; and, so far as I know, iu its jVerent s.lnpfe, a hovel one, p.u l as tho roe-ins of investigation ft re very limited in tltftTJepr-riir.ent, 1 lr.«' leavo to suggest that a case be made and submitted for judicial detoruYnai-ion. Very respectfully, your oVtse’rv't, [Signed] ' Wade Neves, Act’g Aito’y Gen’i. rOHEI-iiS ITEMS. The last chief of the celebrated Polish N-> tidnat.Government and lour of its tnetnbuiS died upon the gallows Aug. !>. Tho unfortu nate victims'were Romuald Trc-ngut , a dis charged Russian Colonel. Kr-ijoV-- kit an :>-••• h itect, Joseph TocsysSi, -a book keeper: liulin ski,"a teacher at the gvmnai-iu and Jciiau Jezlovanski, a tax collector, all young. m-.n, none over thirty years of ■•• go. Ori rina’ly twenty-two men and four wt-nr. u v ore sen tenced to death by the military L ibninats; but the Viceroy pardoned seventeen of the men aid all t!i» Women !t :-uu ec-r ni-j'/n.ed, however tltd, the objects of Count Beg oru eucy hare much rem ’> to of.-gratuia’.e I ,em se.ves; for their sentences have .<« n cojnuj® I ted partly into many yearn of mbor in berl..u mines, partly to sh-vti r j ar-.•;•<*> ■ licemcnt in fortresses in-vne " ' : inhosnits-bie country. Ine •ia’’ •' ,• ; A ented upon the glaci a pardon was hoped for to t! , under went the r -.e , m j,,, ~-m-c and cotniiosui q a. pn ; -- . . [ i?i , |atest crowd of s[iecf.n-«' , ~ , B . , victims of the illjadged and -ofated 1 om-h . jug of 1863. ! * Cant. Semmes D in London getting out at I Deuttis’ publishing house tbs jonmal o im i exploits ou ’he A ibama. The book will no j doubt have a large sale. - Tlte Gen- Marquis de Grftuchy, who nas just died at I’aiis. commenced, a lew days beiore he died, a libel suit against M Tbo-rs for the Biatement made by ihe iath r in niw "GonsUia;e and the Empire,” that it was by the fault of of the deceased’s father, General Grouchy, ] that the bauie of Waterloo wm iout.. HK-tlhl \ IRGIHU. A di’serler fiaie»that the wort, on DuteU ;• C i>ro y rt -N e3 yerv slowly, and gives.! 4 - at loe Confederate shells annoy th*v ia.ioi. a, tipiu-ii an extent thai.it is with difti taihy in .’y'.caa be kept at work. r- J -dc-ais have again commenced shulliiq* Be*:- Kinu-gdally. J . •-•pie from Petersburg stato that the ru* * evacua-ti.-n of that place is incorreot. . (he ir.u i-iviccs from the Valley of Vir iu a .ei A-soi:;. I’.at General Early, on Sntur ■ v ;•••' • pc. 10 advanced from his position at ;•; . . ur iji'il towards Mr.rtinsburg. This place .i. A ~v c-.-uaty. only seven miles south of - '“-a f-i-i-h on t o I’otomao river. T’ua I under Gener : h- probably neatly us large as that -..•■ A *NVv Yotlf f 1 ' ■ ’■ fi-fi .bitii eight .if forty ihous mc.i irom the Army of the Potomac aivl ! -■■; ’ 1 0 tho Valley, to which must bo add ed '0 troop.-, trade r li enter, Crook, Kelley am! Aveii'-l. l liis iinmeuso force, so far from •' t able to drive Early out of the Valley, has L:-<1 tough to do In guarding the Poto •uiac, la order to prevent our army from cross •' .- fi-. st ie. Meanwhile, out troops cap (l ever fv.o thousand prisoners and.in- I; *dn snx-i; :f,on ql’ punishments upou the V « vld* it have kep tthem in a state of v. •! .feed. mi. 1 r on the alert, lias burnt trains of ■ gov. -, captured horses and mules, amt ” • . «i:.r killed many of the enemy. I'* v inis no ;.r nl Sheridan, and the object *■ !y*" • may have been to offer b:v , v-.i.i*: 1, jn-Jging from past incidents of t.-o'-cMii.-f , . •..•id hardly be accepted. On *.. . e • . m c.Np.. tto hear of the enemy's • . • , «•: -f. te Harper'a Ferry, and per lu *s !.'•: ''fiidotnac. * Vaiik;: # i'.-,nl.i:iu • their outrages upon ;!•• peopio * f the Virginia Valley, nrd will ' •.;>••—. ku-p them up so long as they aro pe-rmitte-'r to remain. They not only burn pvivafi' dwelling's, but mills and store-houses, tv A .;i at 0;i; -Boy everything that can sus fs.iu life. ’ They bmnt (hree mills last Friday i ■ - loe:- accountto settle with t: 1 ;-«i:.?* il.it retaliation may bo du!y : : n> ! ;i of the Boti-rnnc. 1.i.. iiv ißn ItT. ti. ; two Government <lc ■ v . ::(*:id arc said to bo bate acros* .the-Tclornisc'. \Yr.r D parti "J. as ordered the regia :-,*• •• file persons between the ini' fi 1 • I li' i years who are not i; *.- .- 'a:. . i : ■ fi :orin I be reserves, and a;.- .’i !,•>.• -.r:io,wi!l Main to the ago of &v --■ . *1 vhr te. five months, with the • will i icome seventeen. * . -• fin'A or detail will Mso r 1 1 V irginia has Issued a prop erty iv and other dt lin <l ...•! ;fi:il..'v servioo to the' Confeder a- •_. ' ! -,w of the State makes fi. '< . t . n ■ ■ ' iaics, sheriffs, ser ■.*.,’. -..fi !.>• I lake steps for the ar •,** ;u may bo found within I- • ,*'. afii.'s, cities and towns, and Ametodoso. In ad* 4 1' 1 . , t • Governor promises, iu the , \ rt’ ;|i p. i*. ■ fi apathy' iu tbis lespcct the military exemptions oi •: peace and other couqty : 'fir Hi it fi .- been transferring troops from his : • '* i..fi •.*.• ih>. neighborhood of tho South' ! hi leroilrpaii. j • 'J iu: con: By behind Grant is being daily l-■ : • kbyfiisu ro troops. They go about fi I*;.' ■ids. riiiuj into tho chambers, and uncere [ 'vnouiously aupvopri'ate whatever articles may ; :..nit- their faucyr They usually* bring carta : iiifi; .-.goes with them, or impress on the place j sa< : tee - -... may b« necessary to carry oil’ ! their plunder. j i here is quite a large quantity of shipping i ' < y.’iyr Boiifi.. The wharf at that place is very j v-ril v -els can approach itat once, i!. . ■ •.-*•*• u-ave also sprang up at that j •*,: :■! !*;■).e: tl.e line of tho railroad, at li ?... * .-fi •:;• fiom all appearances that Grant i -fir:.- ; t ;) rr, *: n piwsive until ho can strike a iw whio’a lie thinks will amount to bomc tbiog. Large amp Di i rcctive FfcES—Large Des-> “it.—Since our last issue, our city has been visited by a conflagration i>: >-04-xtensive and serious in its character tha’.i any that has occurred since the memora ble disaster of 'Ol. The lire broke out in a two story wooden building, south side of Clifford street, about It vlf-pu- •• " u; d’clc ik Saturday afternoon. Four email wood-.n buildings jon Clifford street, to r v/ith the lecture room of the German Lutheran. Church,- were destroyed. Three of. - > 1 ; : '.ii . hur.it belonged to M. D. Hyams, an t tiia fourth, with the lecture room, to the .church. Several outbuildings on the lot of n'-. s. Louisa Beiser, on King street near Clifford, VV ( n also consumed. e h ■> sparks from this fire ignited the roof of a hoi.’se ia Berresford street. The fiamen mrtmi- quite rapidly, owing to the nature of i; ~Ta nearly all ot them being old wooden 7. . , , occupied by free persona ofrMoT. <)« Berresford street four houses , . - -ion<dng respectively to H.H. 11-'lc, SoiithwctK Bank, and Mar, >. whington. the Hall of the German •Oil Arcm,a e street, codings belonging to i neadiy Socie-jq four . Henry, a tenement; t! Robert F. Horlbeck, and i.r.uaa nWßlji by Mr. He. f: vely by Ann E , four aw :i inigK owned it icc. * Ann Fox A Brady, free person of color, JR all destroyed.' L S'j om-in and John King, were .miiriHK h<v Oil.’Vest street, three wooden d>. lc ging to the estate of Robert F. H JJ’ owned, by the estate of Thos. D. Com I J' -. by Jos. W. HarriswQ, two by Dr. Hex ' frost and pno by Eugenia Medley, f. t '* ’ were destroyed. On Beaufiin street, the house owned by Mm - li. G. Naylor was partially consumed, tlie up per story being completely burnt out. Tha vr uri -ii;' uldiui'S destroyed on Saturday ara the German Friendly Society Hall, the housa ; u B an fain street, and the lecture room. About i alt past-six o’clock, Sunday morn ir - tin brol. out in a three strory brick resi ,s,::,-bijlou'Bng to the trust estate of Mrs Ld. V ivend. Tills building was consumed. ■ "The fumes communicated to the large tene ment house Southeast corner of Tradd and •- . ine s.reds, the upper stories of which i entirely destroyed. The active exertions i ~, the firemen prevail ?d the spread of the fire i-Tihaf locality. They deserve the highest v s -veral fireoa n were slightly injured at the tire'ch Saturday but none we believe seri ously. — Mercury. . Butler’s Canal. —Between twenty and tbl^ • tv veau ago, says the Richmond Examiner; when Richmond first began to look up as a pUc.i oi trade and Importance, several schemes were mooted for Employing the navigation of ,J ne- Dver. Brbn.incut among these was tha 5 an of cut; ing a canal across |>utch Gap, there !.v shortening the river some fifteen miles. Keveral leading citizens of that day, being con stituted into a committe, visited Dutch Gap in company with a scieptilicengineer, and having made due inspection and survey of the ground, • ,m • back with the r*-port that the scheme was impracticable for a large number of reasons, all ot which were duly set, forth and elaborated. Tuc people were convinced by the learned ar guments advanced that Dutch Gap could not is; cut through, and allthoughtof such a thing w;is given up. V. -;is and steamers in coming to or going from Richmond, made the lopgvoy 4 og-i round tl e r- ..insula, of which Dutch Gap is the i:o hmns. Though a whole day was some time- lost iu the trip round, owners of vessels I and merchants believing the evil irremediable,. I did not complain,