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I|K 1 I Kl f nillM KEVViOC IF !IM TIM. X. 1
JOIIA-lIA
: VERA lop; ii. ■...
KIMiV GROVE, NKAB liAETOW i'. <>.XtK .1 j
.-'RPTEsmei! 2->, iwi. )
Gentlemen: Your leu- rof ibo 1 t'h i t. ’v . 1
u*.--iv(d seera: day.- ug-. iban ';■■■■ ; lii-:*
to eontfidci the- :Ct V.'lli- p r . ••t.i
h.anga ration of a peace roon.'ant in »h« |
; »uth.” 1 long for pea ga as ardently a- !
liart pant* for tbe cooling water 1-iook ' Ii
with you, that "this unnatural strife ■ *n- ;
not be terminated by arms.'’ Ti <• p-o, tint :.he !
word* mos-f. at ii-t. soil, our dillioulthaD*l I
the Hioncr tli<; controversy < uu i--« ti.-L-mricd
iroir. Ibo field of battle to tbo forum of rational
aiii! honorable iiegotiatn:i, the lieiioi’it wiil n
'. i both governin' : agree with yo i, tl ■'
tin* peace move mens at tbe North .-Louid be
.n • .uragod at the South. To this ••»<!, we :
rlioulil lose no occasion, nor omit nay proper !
to convince the North that we are still,
-.s wc (dwayu have been, willing to adjust the
niUicultios between us, on honorable terms.
We have avowed our desire for p.-„- mil ie.ul
inc-ea for negotiation from tbe \eiy beginning
■if the war, in <• rery form ::i which < , y.uir. • i
communities <ao givei-xpr-yrion to 'tin ir v.iil.
We have avowed it in i. > .-sits', c m< -a .<• >. in
Legislative resolves, arid Congressidfiul n.ani
. What mo;;; ,:•> *.•. in v ! - •’ < r
lion ' Gladly would Jdo more, if it we-- pos
ible/ Bat I rlo uot bell that
, inaugurate? no move merit that would If. -’I
ic.-ult so earnestly •»!. bed by < rv friend i,l
humanity, and so urg* ntiv t !bv t
(crests of both sections. Our military eitua
.ion• vvoirtd seem to forbid even ih attauipr. !
Tiro capture of Atlanta amWil:* bnumd iss-?-
irarded by the ftulhoriti sos the Unite is,
.is all that is necessary for our ultimate so!d>i •
gation. They iiavccaptured Atlanta, and ;
end Grant says the early e-aplur- of ili. I r.ioud
is certa n, beyond u doubt. \Vl;at, under the
circumstances, would be the piohable effect. of
any peace movement at the South ! Would it
conciliate the Morlb Would it inspire the
ornament of tb« Unilcd States a 4>n-.
of justice, or forbearance, or mugcaniLiirv ’ So
far from this, it would Tms coußbueif’iuto i’ltan- j
idailon on our j art, and it wouid atimulate and
intensify the war spirit of the North.- It would
lie regarded as our confession of overthrow,
and the premonitory symptom of our l-cadine,,
to sue for iii- rev on the bended kc* • . of * t.jicon
dilionul eurremb r.
in view of (Itcavowed object of.tin; -,vat on
the part of the Northern Government, Vt, i.i*
very certain that thes e can be no peace, upon
-tiny hynoisibld fi m , so long as its pr. ij
Airs ure in power. Tlfb ofdhe I i.iti-iT
States hull proclaim, and i-nmitrii-.-tiem and lrjs
(’.elyraiinsition to enforce it by the Bvvia'd. He
Lias announced; ilance of any fonn il Oder
of negotiation off-out part, that he will no!
:ieat withrebels i,y :. pi id t
people of the Con federate States) except upon
the condition that we lay do-.n our arm ,
abandon slavery, and ictiira to the Union.
He will U-en ((rant such isiins as may hr com
patible witli his sense of justice, liberty ami
magnanimity. •Ho long, therefore, a-'its pre
ont rulers are ill power, and Ibis polii y shall be
adhered to, there ran lie no pea. o be: e- i us
-iml the Government of the UniA-d States,
wiiidtr will not bring upon us ooniisi-.:.;i.-nj so
li.u d|#ifgani&ttion, povet !y, dr ladation. and
inloterahle dishonor. • What weave would be
ot|r doom if subjugated . by military power '
.'-'ulijugatioo is no wor-e than Ibe riibuii—ion
offered to us as the only condition .Os pe-we.
•Jt would at least save to w our houtY.
If the people of the United - will change
tlieir rulers; If fbey will Vcputliat the avowed
policy of subjugation; if they will return to a.
(radical recognition of (be true principles
which underlie the whole Htnudun; of Atneri
.an governments organized to 1
muihfain coiistitutiomil liberty, i; ■ door will
soon be opened for an honorable and' l.c-Hf ■
mace. Peace, upon any other terms, involves
I Ik‘ 10-e ot liberty, beeiie.se it: will be the i
unit of force—not of cho'ce and e.ompact be
tweep eo-eijual ami so vert igu State-. Peace,
PI ion any other terms, means despotism, en
throned in empire— not rtpubijeauiun'i. tmd
ed ujron 'the consent of the ■ ve-ned and
. i ■ to
inoet likely to meet their mfely ami f.-.p; i
n#Pß." This is the kind of ptaec wbidi liie
f sited Stater, now prupo-e to cut- - ujiou
Jlnl people of the Coni,d. rale States—ihe
peace of death to coiistitnißmul Iil»t r* ■- -t!
stagnant, peaco of despoti; m 1 the pence which
i liaina and prison bars imp -e.
L'ii.ok with uuxieiy tothenpfirnacbiiig lYivi
denial gigftlinrr in,the United Slates For a’,
though the o'i’iteaip) plaiform f-rlls I a the
rent oci isiou and I ibo
the triumph of the f.'enu , iat-ie. party of tin-
North will certainly sjeuve ,i tei ,ay ■■
pension of liorti Ii ti*.e and an it to id.
peace by an appeal In i 'll. 't!:. c.u.i:
lint four years of bloody war, as an.. ot
restoring the Uniitn, line, jiroven a lailote
They declare, Unit, the t!*?:<■ prieeiple .1 ■
ican ('overnment have betn andi■ r, rarded ac.d
II in,pled undor foot. liv the ju;;i :IveCiltivo
«.i Hi*. United States. Their cueakes will b'ritig
n ehange b< adininistralion and.' with Unit, U
, haugfl ot. polit y. It will i! m ue. and vvluyt ;.
of intiaiwdy greater iui(rnrtaiK e, it will bring
the tivo contending parties, iaeo to lace, in
their arena of reason and eye; .iltat’fon. Then
.n.*l there Cun be disetnsed the history of all
ouv dilti ullie». the principle devolved in tl
i.bmdy i sue and the respective interest.; **t
noth govennnents Such is mv- cetivi* rion.*>!'
tin' omnipotence of tint h and righ f, that. 1 feel j
"an abiding cohtidence that an honorable pen, a
won!*! uliimupdy spring ficm such delibera
tions.
iu then long cherished devotion to tho Un?
ion of the Stales—a u-ntimenl which challenges
my reypeei -the people of the Nor! Si. it .seems
to me, have fallen into two grave -and capital
errors. On thei: •> baud, they attach an un
due importance io tiie mere fad or form of Un
ion. ignoring the i idneiph -and el-j■: -of :!u>
Union, ami torgetting that it .-eu.-es u> be va.lii
xible when il fails Jo secure that ol Yet ami
mainhAh those pi inoiples. On the • : band,
lliey think, tiiaf tfie .Slates of flu- (V i. denier
have separated ffomiho United Stutes.Mu cm:
tempt of that Union, in a wanton disp. V.ii-.ni
to insult its ting and :o di siroy t-tie tlovcn:-
.meut of which it i ; the t-mhlem.- ik ; -.p a -w.
Hie w-iuiig. The old l nion was an organi >ibn
of States. Put it was mom :it was sm 1: an or
ganization. founded upon L-ic..: prim-iplcs. in
order tu give the m.-. t ctiiciei.t sec: • ity I*-;
ilie maintenance ol thou- very set no prim ipit s.
Tiiosp principles are the sovereiguty - cf tl •
States: t:,2 right of Hie pcejd.- Iu - (Hei n them
t elves; tiie vfgi't of ('Roll 5t,.:.: o', regulate iri
own domestic allii.':*. to eslabiish Its c-wn mu
nk’i|val institutions, to prgutd • it< vve system
*>f labor aud to puisue its owl jwcer (- 1 enter
prise, subjci! io no rcstri#lions -'--(-p! i.'u;h as
;.re expressed in the Fed.-ial Coa.-i;;;; 1 !n
• these the Union was bared, and con. touted the
solemn guarantee olaill, that ea- a N'a'e should
ho protected in their uedi-t:.; .;.,d . ujoyment.
\\ hen it laih and to.do this; or w’u( , wul c,
when its government passed it-.;-i the r.d
JfißttiOß of those whose avott'.-d p. Rev and.
lead to t e ovinri,i..w ei il.cse
principles, it was viitur.lly at an . ml. and. in
a heir opiniou. ecu -ed te i-e to Fa
t'eoplO Pt the Cc-utcdctat. States. U-r..
• i ssion v,.. r.ot icser.. and mi rely thr. .v i .
ahe Union. Ggr jv-'i -e ievt'd the i uio.l ami
Jionuri and its once gi-.'.rieus dag. tor : , ;ti nu-m
--»»rieslLr.t ciu.-teKd ai'p'-md it. ’icy hit it
•with reluctance and ' grot t" which history
•will scarcely do justice. They were. .• = tl*»-y
sire now. wedded to tiio pi in. :p! sou v.; ; h ; is-
Union »s.- founded; • .-<• set o.t'i.i '••••■u i.-
l>ut to vindicate and maintain tnoni. V. I.eiher
they acted wisely or unwisely must bo :■!> to
ihe impartial arbitrament of lime aud cot ing
A.venl*'. But uo people v . ■'<• over prompted* to I
isO jnomentolrs a step. ■ loftier der Be:! toe. n- 1
Mitu*iosal lib 'U,?. F-.-r this we u-.o and. • * j j
ms tebeJa against |be Government *.f the l'-..?
■ted *■ States. ami 'threatened > with the Wood-.-
<<ooii 4 of tniUOi•'• ov.r t. vUitt: y . - invvb «. v r
hOßMß'ao*ol* te<l a " <l ';V' ‘V ■ '• ,;n L v t: - -
-tile armies. 'Ve are told, that we must in- con
> lend or. x{eTC*’ n ' Uw!- J -'’° : ' ar - : - '-• rw+t
3ug to maintain tid* .T !e * 1 ‘‘ 1 »•
X>v force. We are detetK. ‘-‘S C!1 ? '**'’ ■ (
nerve the great piuilple .» ’ 1
inundation el the 1 nice.. i' ‘ > *
t rains! the one, i. dispos.-d • - - ' '
tve might reply that th*. > vl V cate .
•wage this war . t-..l t •< •
tuber. It there V w\ >r. r <
r sides J.! ill;;
’ «*i cater saner- ’ll • - t** >*• '■ and
*•* When !It’, s viewed, how nr. ! slid :u V
3s Mfis war! Why vliould the No:: » . *
.j'ls|Ht i.ti ' why should ilk thf.is.ti e I
JtiSed COUsUtUtiotl.il me“i4 the North ic. : 1
th-ir cnmt-io-w,! a- ,! aid ti. our •'ubi'igation*
• Tiognli'i be principles which firoukl
i. ar to iu-rn us ihey'irie to Go they
.*•: • tour oicrihrow will be the down
id of constitutional liberty- fatal to their
; p*«-:--:n a- wed as outs—the inauguration of
•
"
i,:.*. in,' th>- in is.; of mind; iruUr is ever
1 t.-iuipie : 1,;.. when pas--iou gains sway.
! I fat the indmate prevalence ot tie one, and
;;,e ascend ~.ey ol the ether is only a fjutstiou
*>f time and tia irer.J, pea, e. 'J h : light already
• : :>;» ik in u:<>n tin: thinking, aifd bet
; po: lion f Hie Northct.il [Kople. They be
.;;-i tli •' this war i.t not waged to restore
; >bc Un; n. in g«x,d t» : ili—the Union, by nvow
r imps able and degrading loans of peace,
oi to coe v. it i: into a.despotism by Mbjuga
llence, the Chicago mow
) nu- t. Is, iv-e *hv note ot discontent that is
! t,vie .-sounded by a poiti«n of piers and
. smoti of the North. God opened the light.
.<• |. ;do < f the Northjaoay understand
Tam which we occupy, and discern the
. an i that ihrealens to engulf their liberty.
Then tin y Will consider negotiationnot on'y
• in.;;;: but absolutely necessary. Then
■ ome, predicated upon luo-e (,rin
~* o ••rsential to both governments and all
... siriiesand dHiici'.ltiee solved in conformity
to the best .interest of the parties.
in view*of our position, permit me to repeat.
I <Uj not see how we can inaugurate any inove
• r o.i i t-iy to lead to au honorable peat-3.
Wci-.re 1 e party assailed. Peace movements
< • me tromtbe party. I would
not u-di'islyod, however, as standing on any
poke o! etiquette, as to*v.bo should taka the
.i . • • ! have no such feeling. All I mean
to" . tb it in view of ’the avowed policy of
the Ueiivi* '‘hiie-- Govi’rnmenf, any advance
no;: ‘ i; already rejected, before made,
iind.tliar w. .uinot make any upon the condi
an-toune Iby its President I would not
.sum to mice the initiative if there was the
i,-» ho;* of a favorable response or an lion
o .-'ole i-■■•!!:. But if the Government of the
1. Tied Scutes should pass into other bands,Te
[ ndivt • the policy of subjugation, and indicate
; a desim im- negotiation, I*would, if need be,
have our G<|Verjunent propose it—certainly,
aceflj ’ :i > oiler f>t it, if tendere'd by the Fetter
nl in,thorities. Such 1 believe to be tiie spirit
*)>i k-u:;„-r cf our rieof ’c. Such I am satisfied
i o the sf, iiinent of (he Uresidont of the Confed
*• rate Sbdcs. ite iris avowed it nu every occa
icuwl. ii ~-fjuired him to allude to ihe : üb
jeet. Tiie North can have peace ‘at any mo
ment. All that they need, is to let us
iilotio—c, ,;•.•*! to fight us; or if they prefer,
pe fbe on h rras honorable
to both parties. Wo are willing—always have
!>c:-n.editing, and shall continue to lie willing.
But as long as they tight us. the war must con
tiiiue. For what can we do, but defendV We
have no power to stop th"Lr lighting short of
nncoiidiiioniil' submission to tiis terms an
a-.mnoe:! by t;ie l'lcddenl of the United States.
/.re our people prepared for peace upon those
it rrn;-'.' It is an insult to ask the question, un
indeed, we suppose contrary to the whole
history of our (struggle, that they did not count
the cost in the beginning, and have no just ap
prec'aUou ot the mighty principles involved.
Thu iT,--Ti. ot of the'Confederate Slates, never
uttered as.vtliicg. more true, than when-ho said
to the ••ntofjiecj messenger of President Lin
< that “we are not lighting for slavery, but
tor the right of self government.' 1
So lor ;.: as tho people will keep this great
. ruth in view and obey the inspiration which it
. iio,. id kindle in the -breast of freemen, they
• aanot .1 - conquered. They may have their
land desolated, their property' destroyed, their
towns and cities burned and sackul, but sub
jugated they never - can be. Vve cannot have
vie so Jong (he present riders of the Uni
ted, Stales are in power. We imfy not, even if
t.1,1* t'e.ieago movement should be sitceesEful
But let ns wail and hope (bribe change and
for peace. It it come not then we must - rely
upon the omnipotence of truth uiul right, and
the judicious economy and the use of the means
which God bus giveii us.
I',•.lienee, fortitude, and courage, hope and
as nut eh lei dt heroic p itriqtisin
nu they era of Christian perfeefion. It is indis
pensablo to t-'ieii.di them with untiring devo
tM-n, a '.im only *-o[iditi;,:i on which libtwty
ouvbe euiiied'or preserved. Her christening,
from the b.-ginnirur, was the ba|ilism o! blood,
■'he , . dis-s her votaib-s to lock arms and
* re'koived to die frui
• ■ tirei ■' l m.’ i f.laves, ii this be tha
ot-tli'e pe pie, ultimate suecih-s will be
the i'i v..:fd !.« ib> ir euilei'ing.': and sacrifice-,.
Fur U. ’.c i-uroinageiiietit, hi. I ay is replete,
v, if ■ n,p!*.--, <■: which, none is more .striking
-1 *• in: piriug .thuq I!i:i>. ot file levolnlion
. . i■ . Then let tlmir i»-i no tlwpoilt ling no
ol Cos;. * i-.:ul heroic resolve.
I am, very respectfully,
. I our (bii die: 1 .-.•iv.int.
ITuusciii, l, Y. .iotiNSOS.
j i'i,mi the Oolunibin G iafdum |
GWre-MU I'CMi HISS, \V. « BItVCB, »>«•'
S<u: I’I! «: tHOUItiY. Ti» TUB IT! KMIMi Wr.
Winnsuoso', S. (',. Sept, "ii, I sill,
ills F.vculhmcy .leilerson Davis :
Su:: The Democratic party of fho United
Stale:, fit ‘ir ree< nit Convention at Chicago,*
les-ihe,l lor: it tliey attained power tbey
vvonid or ivo to un armistice and a Convention
of all il e States, to eunsidej' the subject of
p, e. i thiok that action dotuunds a iavora
•lie r.; p, r'• tV--:«i our Government. You are
tl:e eiiiy person utui can ltiake that response,
be, .Hire our l oneie- j does not meet until after
r itilj-ii > i the I’lesideutial election,
if our (.'ungues met in time, l should pro
pose the a,--urn I desire taken to that body,
iii.d sulouto its judgment my argument, but
a- tin'll opportunity does not occur, I have no
alternative but to .remain silent, or address
myself !.•> >cai I cannot, consistently with my
idea.-, of duly, remain .silent* I therefore :ui
dre s my. "Ij to you. Wc are waging war to
obta.’n a .--utisf ivtc-ry )K-aco, I mean a peace
,I •ent with the preservation cf our free
institutions. By a .-:di:.factory (mace, Ido not
me; that t-.-s-uion of hostilities which might,
ait- i a i-uiiraei.ed ooutest, lesult fiord the ex
l:;ii ion of the/belligerents, whereby the
would tall fu m their nerveless bands,
their li, arts a prey to the furies. Such a peace
as that would he tmt a hollow truce, in 'which
< ii pur:\ ’,*< uld be incessantly preparing for
a now. dual and decisive struggle. The peace
which ) mean is a pence which .reconciles the
ion i 's ;,%l tie leeliugs ot Ibe belligerents; a
i.-e. in sli-.il, which restores harmony. Fn
i"-.: .an old;.iu such a peace as this, our
ivj.ubih til iii.-t il ii t i.-ns i-ilter-to their fail, and
we Income the subjects ot :* military despot
ism.
Every Government must exist : that is the
law ol its being. If it is attacked by great
force it must .bring- a proportionately great
ter to its defense. It its term is such as uot
i , im i.Fli milit uy•sueiedh to the full extent
of H • •::er.in. # it teu-t disi'egurd that form - •
The II pub!::;,tn form, especially the form of a
Gt u federacy of free States, is not the bc.-t
ad pied toi v.-ar. 11l fact it is a peace cstab
‘!i limer.t. The forni best adaptetl to war is a
naii. i-a! sr.ili;: ry (iispuii.m r j'be Republic at
war Is g-vd- t : : n.!y j-.a.-siit.; into military de>|io
-:>i. As ft,s war Ccudffucs and the press'-.re
, t.-miny ir<ieases, ibis transition is accel
erated. A Republic lotc.d to the wall by a
powerful cm my must end in despotism.
la we t«»n our ei -s to Europe we find only
twu uaiioi.e- visit free institutions, 1 Great Bii
-j : und Sc *.-..; land TV by is this? The rea
ls •■ is obvious. The necoN-ily »-,f being' con*
Ty iu the big be state of preparation, and
:h*j; Tro absolute gov* rum cut is the ordinary
condition.
j If there wet? no oilu-t obstacle to France
: iieiQ.r seeuhlio. the imtnenee standing armies
X o„ : ci'. dto hevp co iSfciutiy under
j ; v, u,s. would be concltnivr. France i» com
; jidlcd to-kcen titHMWf'men always in ares.—
!• ui.tee is obliged :herefe to be tvhat she w.
a militarydrapci'-m.
T»fcv the ca eof Prussia in the cel-.' rated
. Suppose, tl eir instil tions
l ha
i'r.’ti- rlik tb- Great would cither .
igpiio-bander. -I’u.glo. or sicse ail j
rfeeh- . U enabled him w come r ..
1 Iraa* the content, lie safiitieed 1
• -n Pru.-sw to t-he one idea of j
s' ... As lhussia tiad no natural i
!y iiißi’oi ia strength j
ti«.. . «•-• t oweis, it us.- necessary to ■
devclop-nent to the military .
t - rhh did. As J 1 t < uialy.said,
u save ihnssla it w.-.s n.ie.s-]
.v • i.t* staxuuof military strength*!
did'his. I’russia sliil has » pla* *.n tb
.. in jit elibej v. Ff< .-
eriek found Fiox i t an absolute monarchy, he
led it uC ■ ldh iicbed camp- l iberty was never
thought oi. I: is oh- ij-ker condition.—
ii I'nissia with her extciieat populaUoti were
at vdiets: ce from where sbe w. and pvo
tcct-l by oceans ami mountains, she might be
. s sible.
■ n lire continen! <. Europe no State cail'csS
Ist v.jtii Jr, v-institutions, i-n ause the form of
government mu--'. i>.» - ■«s iuruk-hes the
, greatest amount of military sit englh. Ferfiajfa
it tiny be said tbit Swi';--';land contradicts my
theory. ! reply th *.i Swi:;. aland is ca excep
tional case—a tew nests tlf poor people buried
in 'emote valleys sunouiftfetl by iuacc.ntsibie
mountains: they are td.-t.'V, onh conquering.
Besides the mutual jealousy <'f the great pow
ers is their t ea! £*-i-gu»id—England is *h« on
ly great and free power in Europe. This is
owing to her ius-.l if po-hi-.n. Tiie ocean is
the divine, charter hi her freedom If nothing
but a surveyor's line separated England from
Fiance, Et'glftu 1 v.oujd be a nilitary dc.-potista
a, Ff.'ijjce is. No country can be fre.v. hich
has tuw'esp with her band on her sword.
If::, why resort to general n-asoniur: and tho
nomlition of Eitro;>c.i.ii nations to nrc what
1 have asserted, v/lren the prooi stares ua in
n pi ■ n
V, r e see it In every sight: we feel it in every
emotion : wc hear it in every sound.. 'When
our present Government was sf.tnMi.shod, evt
ry thing poesibie was done in the interest of
Plate Rights, every conceivable guarantee was
taken for individual I'm dent —ns IHRuxs pos
sible was conceded to the Federal Gov.
inert. The Federal Government was “cab
ned, cribbed, confined,' 1 "hedged in bv’sa
doubts ami fears.’’ Th*a school of exir
State Rights were at work framing aeons! ir;
for a Federal Government, with tUe-accv
iated suspicious cf seventy ye.iis. The
their work well. The ■: roblcm to bo
was the framing of a Fcdetal Go-'ertmiyn.
tho ntiniuvhm'of power to function. I tb
at it was-use'ess labor, because I c*
ceived, m the humility of my judgment, tha.
the constitution of* a country v; -s that which
its necessities point- ■! cut, and that you could
uot iii advance'say what would be'the necessi
ties of a Confederacy exp.f-'.d to perpetual war'
v.i h -a neighboring power of rupeiiot foice.
i■-'it the iaruiers of our constitution were net,
deferred by any such coiisiderations as these
from their work'. They established their Con
federacy, guarded and limited in tho interest
of the tights of tluiYeparate Etatc-s as much as
possible. Well, we tVve been at war not quite
four years, and what isTho result '.’ i ; not buy
Fedciid Government iu tire exercise of every
possible p »v.-er of a national central military
d'Viioitstu? Suppcse there were no States,- only
provinces, and unlimited power was conferee!
upon you and Cuogros, wbat greater power;
would you exercise than you now dot slave vox*
not carried conn iption io i'slast'iiiuitsf is uM '
ev* r> titan in the country between seyehtsen
uiul (ij»y subject to miiluiry uutbcrßj'.' - None
are exenqftupon rny coucide-.-atientiff ibe-pnb
lic inteiest. Have we not been compelled to
lay direct tax s in the very teeth of the theory
of the constitution.' llavo we not i-sued such
vast amount of paper mc-oey as to unsettle all
value. V Have we not coin polled the holders
(ii our paper looney U> In ml it. or lo:-3 one
third? Have we !'0 ; '■ issad all the ruilroa 1 '
Have we not destroy,.-<5 railroads and i; tilt
otliei,-? lluvo we not establish, 1 a universal
system of impressment of p'nipe.’ ty, ot our own
pvicis, iiijour own money? Have we not e.«-
tablhbed ir Govesnmeut mt>aopoiy of tho ex
.pm!..■ lions of the great supplies of the country.'
Hi.v,a we t for bidden the into- 1 tation oi’ iux
..sa ' lldv. we not compel! and tf.y-.a whom
we permit to remain ct itonic, to execute bonds
to fuJnlsh their pro*Mats to us at our prices?
Have we not suspended ibe writ of Ifitbeas Cor
pa.. ? 1! ive vve not iatfoduced the poAiport
system, which we used if) think, belonged ex*,
illusively io (tie iron devpoiisiru, of Europe? In
short,lias not. our F. da.al Government dwno
every thing t nut a centi ,d:zed military: deapt:-
tisru could do? Indeed if you were oiqiointtxl"
Military Dictator, what greater power could
you exmrso tl-«n you now and > ?
J allude Hi Ukku things not to complain of
(hen), but to 1 timw.l them. If yt.u i. ll rue tl;, v
are an oec<v>ary, I reply that is precisvly tyy
argument. My argument assumes and requires
liflit necessity, it is plain that -our govern
ment exorcises tiie powers of a central despo
tism. i biui:,i. no oiyj for it. ! am sure those
who arii at tJit; head of tiie govemtu; nt would
j'ladly htu-si it otherwise; but necessity com*
pels t!i« course they have takeu But T shall
be told, perbsps,- Ibis necessity is limited to
the war. and v;b; n peso: returns we will-go
Pack to our old stale of iibil ly. Tiutt depends
upon the kind of tu-.ico. A p?a; e wit,noui
iivonciliation cirri,:s in ila bosom, tiio feeds’
of new war. This' armed Ipeace. and its ‘off
spring, War, wen Id fhslc-a upon us permanent
ly'll cctiiral military despoitetu. it is Common
to hear it said that tiie United States have gone
into dospoti-Mu. If so then it, is a very sad
tin th for u c . for that wouid develops.-their
maximum military poaer, :.;,d would.ot course,
tti:c,.i»ltA!e Ihe sumo thing in the same way on
our part. '1 ho truth is. we ate vitally interest
ed in the pveseriTitiqn of free institutions in
Ihe Northern. States, because the people of the
t inted Siair-t will not only make their own
institutions, but they will make our*, il they
acquire their maxima military strength by go
ing invo dWpulism, we must do the same, just
as if: hey were fu originate new and ovFr
pciuvoriug destructive inodes of warfare, we
would have to resort to*the same or be over
whelmed.
Some persons of intelligence concede that
(he Northern people have gone into despotism
but ridicule Ibe idea of such a calamity befall
ing u». To such 1 would reply, we are but
human beings, uot Gods, atni we are peted up
on by necessity us other people. The truth is,
that the government at Washington has not
dared to exercise power on the grand scale
that our government has. The Lincoln
Government has not ventured to resort
to an cifcctive conscription; it has not re
sorfed to taxation as wc have; it has no tax in
kin;’; it does not prohibit imports, it does not
mopoiiz ; the exports; it does not rely on im
pressment,:. It plays the tyrant, but it hesitates
to seize the^sceptre.
1 think I have e.-tabiishud my proposition,
that our Republican institutions lost unless
\v« isive a peace accompanied by liarmony
with the North. Tin 1 great question for u* then
is. llow are we to obtain such a peace?
lk-.fote i consider this question, I wouid call
your attention to ibis fact, that the peace we are
to make with Hi,- North, is to be made by us
and Die I ■h, :il< ie Ihire is uo.probabil it -■
i I any fi.-reign intervention; by that I mean,
any tinned interference in our behalf. Tho
p, ace between the North and th-. Si utli, when
it comes, must come then by Ihe ae;ioa of
these ins ai'. Fo'.cig.; will net
intcrlere. The qiiustionTheu i.. Hnvv are tin ,e
belligerent Ssatc, , now so lieicoly engaged, to
obtain peace wßli.ic, e;ieiliu!l<--.. which 1 havs
said is necessary i.,.i preserve their itepuiilican
hum of government ? It is a -great question.
I now approach it.
I admit iii the; msl. piace that a r-uccessfu!
military deleuso is indispensable, without that
nothing can he anticipated out utter ritiu.
But is this alii f think uot. There is some
thing over and Above RHcc-vs in war. T hat is
political policy. If Mr. Lincoln remains in
p wer, there is no hope of accomplishing any
thing by political policy. Mr. Lincoln is the
exponcutof these, scatiments of his p : utv; in
order to he master of others, iu- has to be
their slaves. He cannot be rational upon th •
subject of slavery, because be represents mad
men; ho cannot exorei;: -what Buike calls the
truest political wisdom, magnanimity, because
hen-presents maiisnants. Ih-sidrs." Mr. Lin
coln is comtaiiiql b. Id. p;i.-t career to tho
most violent course. Il’L-.-’ had 1 en a Btant-»
m.-a wlieti be became President, be could by a
; wise policy have rer-tort-d 1: mm ny. Put in
1 the gieat crisis. t#enstatesmanship could have
I accomplished so mneh, he used no efforts to
| harmonize, 1 v yielded himself up a liters in
dtij im ■ ; pwar Is Mr. Sew 1
j rliowed that i v comprehended the policy of
: coucili-.r •tj’.-t at the moment- when it
i became net.:o jmt in force his tin - max
: iuis l.e loui.-i it use K.r them Mr. Lincoln’s
j inode if c?.’rying o:* the w ir, his imancijv.-
: tion .•liey, t}ie .<•■> e b»* gives his ruaue.. to
| commit t. e -cresie-i oiitroe w. tirivti that ho
relies lAuhing but iiiec. : come.?,.there
fme. 1 have :•«.• hope of. Air. Inat edn as a pscUi l
Hu-r. I si;: aid a.- suon ii*v<! .- ,4tCt<si t i.arif !
IX M| -i- r the L'i.. li. :. .(Iter.the uuV.-.ic.c j
i-t :-t ilavltioomew.
llllt. 101 tlißateJy.. Mr. -i. ki'aril aud 1 1i,
Ue lepiticui: art uot iiiUd the North’. There
“ :*. power, and parly there that condemns his
pv’d v. '-'hat party is rational ou the subject
of Slayary. it represents whatever of amity
or cot seiv .turn is left at the North. This par
ty proposes that the war shall cease, at least
temporarily, and that alUbe States should meet
iu ami cable ■. ummil t-i make peace, if possible.
: . demonstration iu fa
vor f t p'eace. made at the North since the war
’= roke i lit. 1 ibii.k our only hope of a satisfacto
ry peace—one consistent with the preservation
C-I i:-*s flStitutifins— iji in the supremacy of this
i'-ai ty at : ;pe time-op other. Our policy there
to!«, is to. give this psvty aH the capital wo
can I u si mlc 1, therefore, at once, in my
o;.i::ion'.bive this party all the encouragement
I-:-by declaring your willingness to an
g; n i 'licp. and a convocation of all the States
;g ifi'ir sovereign capacity, to enter upon the
'cf.pf peace. The theory upon which this
• ■ •>' goes is, that we are willing to cease hos
tilities, least temporarily, cud meet in coun
cd to ußaia peace if possible. The theory up
-1 n which Mr. Lincoln goes is, that there is no
' ‘c to aUempt any negotiation with us : that
the sword is tha only possible arbiter. Oar
pMEy is te show that iho tiie theory of the Chi
cago p wlv is the true one. To put this matter
ia another light, let us ask the question, what
is the policy that My. Lincoln wishes us to pur
sue ? Os .course he wishes us to verify his the
ory. and falsify the opposite theory. He wish
es ns to .treat the.advnacea of the Chicago Con
ventioa,wiH. tie. wishes to be able
to v- sjo the goveru
vour tenders
would ec
ar is ail
trying
\now
v>w
and
>■
<e
rn
se
re
-a
t.
X .gn
ca, the
pi l ! as
sem Q it
is ti eat
ques Hi.
«mas it
of Cc
peac
«rab ®
sp.°Cv
m
great di
The'q,
bility.n-;
with you
neverm:
niteiy the
jn-jvisg, in
never app
Your qnly..
of the tous-'i
fy that party,' i,
not liegiedt dipici.
Philip, :h'- gieat king ~ro
cities by his poiiry tiusu . weak
power engaged with » sirou b *akc up in
sagacity for what it lacks in physical force, oth
erwise, lire mormmentß of i's glory become the
tombs of its nationality.
Y. ith sentiments of the highest respect,
I remain, y cur I’eßow-citizqn,
William W. Botch.
Till! KXlflMPtlOi** ITKDBH* tUSUTI TAX
I V Kl.-ti) L VW
VALUATION Ol TmtEH— ASSESSSISXT OF UXGATH
. -KKV.I) C'ROrs.
Office District Port Q M , J
Abn art, G.v , 1854. )"
Editor Macon Telegraph: Allow me to inorm
those of your uaders who have not seen it,
Hi I. t!iC new tithing act of 17tli February, 1844,
| r' i'crlpd' tiie ;\c.t of Congress of 24th April,
I SGI. its to eximptiofis, and under the former
there r s now ho exemptions' to those planters
v.-hu btake over the,following amount of grain,
etc., Viz: 200 buhe’aof corn, 20 bushels peas
tied brans, 50 bushels Irish potatoes, 10 pounds
t wool,- 15 pounds ginned cotton to‘each mem
ber of his family--white and black, 250 pounds
net,pork, »0 gallons molasses—sorghum or
cane. As to'wheat, oats, rye, buckwheat, rice,
sugar, atul tobacco and ground peas,, no ex
emptioua exisl; the producer pays one-tenth of
all produced. Fodder and hay are exempt
when the corn is exempt.
Under the reservation of five bushels of corn
allowed for each lob pounds net pork the plan
ter can claim an exemption of its equivalent
in other grain, as.per sebebu’e of commission
ers prices fur the month; but this right must bo
exercised at the time of making the assess
ment, . afterwards it Will be- too late. If a
producer makes over tile exempted amount of
any article tidied, he pays tithes of ail—for in-
Mnrcc, if his crop is 2.05 buehe sos corn and
II pounds <sf wool, his tithe is 20j bushels of
corn and 1-ltj pounds of wool. When the
Qpariermasler advertises his readiness to re-'
eeivo tithes, and hoiiOies tiie planters to de
li vi r their produce, if not. complied with in thir
ty days, the five-fold forfeiture can he prompt
ly t hforced by summary process of distress and
ixile through the county collector.
Numerous complaints are made that'the as
sessors are over valuing injured grain, ‘damp
wheat, .to? lam sorry this has occurred, but
tiie Government, not the planters, suffer there
by. The higher the tithes are valued, tbe
greater amount of ihe 5 per Centura tax will
be paid by them. Similar complaints are made
as to a'change in tiie valuation of Ihe grain.
This is an evil our Department cannot correct,
we follow the State Commissioners : They
assess.'Wheat at SB,OO in May; $8,50 in Au
gust'; we must do the same. It certainly was
long since obvious, that a be fixed •
once in urbason !or tiie whole crop, then those
,whq withhold their, supplies to the last will
no longer get in July twice wbat his patriotic
neighbor received for a prompt sale to liis
needy Government in November, when the
crop first comcjs into market. The .invitation
to speculation and withholding crops oil'eted
by an ever advancing schedule needs no com
ment. ft is to be hoped then that gentlemen
to whom this important matter is committed
wil’i-if.possible correct this evil. Outsiders,
how ever, cannot realize the difficulties of their
ci'dnoifs positions, and tho.almost impossibili
iy of adjusting tiie balance weights between
;■ ■?■consumer and the producer these unsettled
linn's. '., •
TF; last source cf-trouble I notice, is the un
p.fhered crops fed to stock,hogs, lay, wheat,
ryefoiiiii, grcuuid' pens, field peas, how shall
t:-y bo appraised ? It occures to me tbe mat
te:; is easier of adjustment than many corres.-
i dents stem to think ; A plant' r with ten
hands will make say, - yS DUO to 10,000 pounds
jwirk■: bis allowance-of corn to feed them is
:■ "Tjf, 500 bushels. NVAv if hd has, as allowed,
utl c:' gntin to remain in the field ungathered
and fc; <1 It. to ids bogs, he can claim this crop
'as i.&oquivalent valuation laid down by tiie
State Coiumis-Hiouers, fed in place of corn. Uu
g.t!iu-red cops will have Io be allowed at an
average per acre, agreed upon between the
p!apte?r and assessor.
Hoping this will be accepted as an answer to
many 'letters ou this subject to this cilice,
i am your obedient servant,
li. K. Hixes, Capt. & A. Q. 51.
FROM Vh:xk o
Accr.rding to the Houston Telegraph, the
Frentb occupied Matamoros on the 2d met. The
capture of that city and 3!onterey gives them
possess! nos the .-Northern .States of Mexico,
and leaves no ground for the Juarista party to
e'eupv. At. last- reports Cortinas had fled,
Ju»:c2 had tied, Quitoga had submitted, Vi
d.-.uri w.'j; i. xpi cied to do likewise and hostili
ties have accordingly, ere this, ceaseu in that
part A the new Empire.
tit os: WEST TEMVESBEE.
The Grenada Picket says that Col. J. Q.
C’hcnowrth is .;n command of a respectable
fnrce-cii cavalry at-Puris' Tennessee, and adds :
Our arinv will r*duubtless receive heavy rein
tmerits from that region this fall. The
hie part hitherto borne by the “Volunteer
Mate’f-i> but an example of what she can and
! our capse.
•* Hob.'ll ‘ 11. Wiiiihiop, of Massachusetts, is
| rrimrted to be making siaeeches tor McClel
lan.
t :io.ai Tilts AB.vtv of seaKfs^t:.
[COSRKSI’OSOEM'S OK THE CUBOSi.'t.K A RENTINTL.]
Position and condition of (hr army—Preulden
Davis at th? Front—JU v irdercovr* >"!th the
Ojflctni und Troops —l if ten vj the Anni/.i'Ct.
Palmetto, S*'p£. 2(1, isfil
At the front again, I propose to try the pa
tience of yourself and raiders once m >re by
iiuthig things as they Lave been seen the last
few days, and exist now.
Tbe concentration of ihe A-my of Tennessee
near Lovejoy. after tiie disasters culminating
in the fall of Atlanta .and its subsequent move
ment to a position ou the-road from Kairbuvu
and Cumpbelltown, ihe right resting on tho
West Point railroad and the left on Hue Chat
tahoochee, are facts known. Tbe concentra
tion of the Federal hosts at Atlanta, Sherman s
order for a general exodus of the laggards wh"
stayed behin 1 , the armistice, and subsequent
proceedings, are events of which your readers
have been posted. But of matters that have
transpired in the new position, I find but little
has been said ; indeed, t our own people \vere
kept in ignorance cf the fact that the army bad
moved to its present location for days alter the
step had been taken! and of course for days
after the enemy was aware of it. Sherman
was posted, as a matter of course ; .why keep
our own people in ignorance 1 Verily, reti
cence” is a much abused word.
The interval that has passed since the battle
of Jonesboro and the evacuation of Atlanta,
has afforded the war wo. n and almost physi
cally exhausted veterans of the army an op
portune geason of rest. And it been en
joyed in every, sense of the word. Exhausted,
ragged and half starved as tiie men
wore, ‘they needed the undisturbed interval.
That it has been improved in every aspect ts
evident. Stragglers have sought their com
mands, absentees have returned, and conva
lescents have been forwarded to such an ex
tent, that the force in line to day is fully one
third greater than it was at Jonesboro. And
in addition, the spirits of the men have revived,
and confidence in themselves has taken tiie
piaetj of despondency. Os their trust iu others
I will speak hereafter.
The visit of President Davis which has just
terminated, is the event ot tiie calm we have
been enjoying and the circumstances that
marked his intercourse with the army and its
officers have been of the most significant char
acter. He came unheralded, and without a
known object. except as far as he chose to
divulge his (dans on the route. So inr as those
pffrp'jses were announced, they were to inspect
he field iu Georgia in person, to ascertain the
oraie of the army, to endeavor to reconcile
r differences that were Known to exist, and
scertain and endeavor to accommodate tho
oa of all officers and men. How far these
were attained subsequent events must
7.
is useless, and cun do no good, to disguise
"act that tho President’s reception was not
nthusiasticonc. On the contrary it was
'-There was ro disrespect manifested,
mr there any enthuriam—none of that
iral expression ot personal admiration for
e man,” that characterized the visit made
er tiie battle H>f Ghieamauga. Tiie recep
on tliis time was given to the‘‘President of the
Jonfederala States.” As such no complimeni
can be made of it. And, if any. wqpld have
it otherwise, they must at all times remember
that this army as well as nil tho-armies of the
Confederacy is made up of thinking men and
not machines, and govern themselves uccord-
The time.of the President lias l ean fully em
ployed »in interviews with Iho Commander-in
chief, tbe corps commanders, reviewing the
troops, and finally in a protracted meeting with
all the generals of the army. From tiie outset
it was palpable that great dissatisfaction pre
vailed; but ignorance of Its cause wus express
ed. Delicacy, I suppose, sealed Ihe mouths of
the corps commanders. But the expression of
the troops could not be mistaken, They did
not attempt to bide their feeling'. And, so
marked was tiie change in their conduct during
the graud review, as computed with that on
a similar occasion last fall, that upon reluming
to headquarters the President.insisted upon be
ing informed as to the reason. sel nu one
spoke out. und the was a convoca
tion of all the generals.
My information is direct that at Hits meet ing,
' from which Geu. Hood very properly absent
ed full interchange of views us to
the condition of the army, Umdesiros and feel
ingg, look place. There wus nothing conceal
ed, The general wish fora change of emit •
manderß was made known, and by some if was
positively urged that a change was nefcemwy
to msurejthe. morale of the troops. There wis
•no eninily diqjduyed toward Gen. Hood nil
bis eminent soldierly qnidifies were admitted ;
but the naked truth, that another would better
serve to. satisfy the wishes of the men, conciJi
ate existing differences hetw en-officers and in
spire gieater confidence throughout the whole
army, wits bluntly avowed. The President
was no longer in ignorance At the same meet
ing'p'eferences we e expressed for anew com
mander, and Gens Johnston aud’Beauregaid
were tiie great favorites—the former, however,
receiving by far the utrongest expression in his
favor. The assemblage separated after receiv
ing assmances from ids Excellency, that be
would consider in his own mind the propriety
of relieving Gen. Hood and sending Gen. Beau
regard to the front; which declaration is con
sidered here as equivalent to saying that Gen.
Johnston is out of the ring.
Tiie President was twice visited by organiza
tions of the army, serenaded, and called upon
for a speech. He complied cheerfully and ad
dressed the men earnestly and eloquently, as
did also Gov. Harris, G,er.s. Hood and Cobb,
and otheil. The lovefeast extended to the
“we ma ! Fours ay ont the two!” and nothing
occurred to nor the proceedings except the ve
hement expressions of the meu for tbe change
noted above. Under the circumstances these
should have been dispensed with, but we must
remember a soldier is a free thinker if not a
free actor! .
But the President has gone, and carries with
him the best wishes of the army of Tennessee.
Whether Ids visit will result in tbe good we
had a right to expect, remains to be seen.
Gen. Hood has promised us early work, and
that promise was reiterated by the President.
“An important movement” is to take place at
once, of which your readers may not be ad
vised, yet I will wager a canteen full Sherman
is already posted as to what is contemplated,
and has made his dispositions accordingly.
Remember this prediction. Wc are all ready.
Four days rations in haversacks, and a furl sup
ply of ammunition served out. Something
will turn up without delay. Kovutt.
llis Own Accuser.—ls an overseer should os
far show incapacity to manage a plantation of
fifty hands as to acknowledge that two-thirds
of them had run away or wore lounging about
their quarters instead of coining to the field
and recovering the crop from the grass, and
weeds which !md been allowed to take posses
sion of it, and should come to ills employer
with these facts before him to aric for addition
al help, what would be the repiy ? Why, sir,
go first and gather up tho runaways and lag
gards 1 have given you and make them wort
before you ask me for a larger force ! Why
would not a like response-be entirely appro
priate to the exorbitant demands being made
upon the country by our Confederate overseer,
President Davis? Ts not the jjprallel between
the plantation oteiffcer and tiie Confederate
Executive fair,, in all respects? Then why
should he not reclve- tiie same treatment? is
he not our agent, sw#n to execute the laws,
and enforce discipline ? Why is it, then, that
the President admits that two-thirds of the ar
my are absent from "• commands, half of
these without lea- foes not apply the
proper correctives m bade, instead of
asking the count! itself of resources
necessary to tiie i / tiie army and the
community?* Why . ne not exhibit some of
the magnanimity of that nob!e man, Gen. Lee,
who says. lam to blame, come ar.d lwlp me
out of the difficulty ? Cut no : the President is
always right and somebody else to blame. Con
gress or some displaced general must be made
the scape goat.— Montgwaery Adverliw.
Gen. G. T. Beauregard, who, by a kiod'dis
position of Providence is in command of this
Western Department, arrived in Macon on
Wednesday evening, ajid is now the guest ol
Gen. Coot). — Union Intelligencer.
Since the v.i r commenced the Federal* hare
lost fifty one Genera's, <>l whom thirty sue
were killed in battle, abd fifteen have died of .
diseases contracted in service.
i •
[From Sftma Reporter ] .
V\ HKBLUtr* F.XPESMTtO.V.
From a gentleman, who accompanied the ex
pedition, we derive some facts scu inferences
that may be.of inteiest to our readers.
The comm uid left Covington ou the 10th cf
August, ami was compelled to make quite a
circuit to cross tho Chattahoochee river and
avoid the scouts of Ihe enemy. In North
Georgia, Col. Hannon was ordered to strike the
railroad near Calhoun, which he did pro.tuptly
and vigorous!v. capturing a train of c os, n
number ol prisoners and a thousand beef cattle.
To save the cattle ids command r. turned to
the at my.
Tbe succeeding day, General Martin was or
dered to strike th* read at Tilton, but from
some cause hismovemeuts were tardy, aud leu
liltle.was accomplished. Gen Wheeler, with
wbat remained of his command—Geu. Williams
not having yet joined him —attacked tiie ene
my at Dalton, took the town, destroyed a large
quantity cf tents, and commissary stores, cap
turing some prisoners, wagons, and mules.- —
Next morning an infantry force having been
sent down from Chattanooga to obstruct our
progress towards Tunuei Hill, Gen. Wheeler re
liic.l from tho town and started to wauls Cleve
land, so as to cross the Tennessee river at Cot
ton port.
At this point the river, from recent rains,
was imfordable. This necessitated a delay of
several days or a tedious detour around Knox
ville, to find crossings. The latter plan was
adopted, and about twenty miles of the read
was destroyed. Grossing tiie liolston liver
tieai' Strawberry Plains, the command marched
a westerly course'through Sparta, Smitliville
and Liberty, until the Nashville"ami Chatta
nooga road was reached near Murfreesboro.
On both sides of Smyrna and Lav erg ne the
road was torn up and burned for the space of
ten miles. Some fighting occurred and deem
ing it imprudent to attack Nashville,-the com
mand marched across to tho Nashville aud
Decatur road ; striking it near Franklin.
About twelve miles of this road was destroy
ed. Two or three engagements were bad
With tin? enemy, in one of which fell the gal
lant and beloved young officer, Gen. John Kel
ly, commanding a division, at the age of twen
iy-f,our. lie had endeared himself tn his troops
and gave promise ot large usefulness, if bis lire
bird been spared. Gen. Rossoau had collected
a large foice, seriously interfering with work
on the railroads, and Gen. Wheeler re crossed
ihe Tennessee at Hubert Shoals to effect a junc
tion with Gen. Roddy and await the coming up
of the brigades cf Williams and Robertson.
These troops, under the command of Gen.
W. had been detached near Strawberry Plains
to join us the next or succeeding day, but al
though repeatedly ordered up, had, from some
unknown cause, not succeeded ia so doing, as
late as tfie 20t.!i of this mouth.
The high wafers and tbe absence of two
brigades were obstacles to tho complete suc
cess of this expedition that no sagacity could
have foreseen.
The Yankee papers are guilty of their usual
mendacity in asserting that no damage was
done. For two weeksj no trains were run
through north of Chattanooga, and tiie first
through trip was made ou (lie 18th of Septem
ber.
Much unnecessary and unjust censure lias
been cast on Gen. Wheeler for the alleged
failure of his miscalled raids The rise in Ihe
rivers and the. diminution of his command are
attributable to no want of skill or negligence
on ids part While on Iho linos of eoimnuni
cation, it is well known to cavalry officers and
soldiers, that the wink of destruction was
prosi-eii'ed vigorously and effectively. 'Wisely,
ffgldn were avoided, when possible, with Hie
I'uemy, as prisoners were an encumbrance,
paroles would not be Recognized, and our
wounded wouid have to bo left iu fiie enemy's
lines. Besides, Sherman Could not lio injured
by lighting and as long .as the cavalry are in
line of battle, no work could be done.
The crops in Totincssoo aro‘quite abundant,
in Ibe eastern portion of the Ktale, where John
son's and Pro willow's and Mayn ud's influence j
predominates, fltere arejnany lories. In Mid
dle Tennessee there is almost unbroken unani
mity of sentiment in favor of tbe South.-
While (hero Stre few'men who have not lava
coibp'dled to submit U Ihe hateful on/ti. it m-is
loosely en many consciences, aud from Hit;
loyal und-.tine Ibo soldiers experience nothing
lull, kindness and sympathy.
Without actual peisunal acquaintance with
Ihe eonditi*m oPuttaars in*tho overrun districts
no one can realise the exletibtud severity of
Yankee tyranny, it is us diffusive us tho air
wo breathe, operation! home and abroad, ami
sitting like"a nightnme on every energy, pas
sion and emotion. The patient crulimiace tied
cheerfulness of the people were remaikable,
while Hie hopeful eotmtge and zeal of the wo
men are beyond id! praise.
No portion of Ihe ('oiili-di-.nicy, mush lb of
Norltiein Virginia, shows so much of the deso
lation of war as ] ruidefle, Lawrence and Frank
lin counties in Ibis State. Gherman ami Dodge
robbed the planters of their negroes ami live
stock and reduced many families' from efiluepce
to ivfiiit. Thousands of aei. sos the most I. rtiin
valley lands lie waste and uncultivated, and
yet there is no willingness en the part of these
Miffereis, under any circumstances, with any
paper guarantees, fu live again in political
union with (he despoilers and plunderers.
Statu rr UnoiHfiA. j
Atmutakt & Inspector General's Omen, -
MiHudgevilie, Sep*. 27th, ISU4. )
General Orkkus, }
No 28. j
Georgians! your families and homes are
now open to tbe ruthless raiders of lue enemy,
aud your liberties hopelessly endangered, un
less every man in the State capable of tender
ing any kind of service, comes out and" does
his duty.. Some are nquired ul. Hie front.
Others have duties to perform elsewhere. But
whether at the front or in the rear, every man
must flow come forth cheerfully and wilUn giy,
and do wbat be lias to do with all ids energy
and ability.
As one measure of safety, a com mi llccof re
spectable citizens of Hancock county, have re
commended tiie Goverour, “to call on every
able bodied while male resident in the Stale
between the ages oi 50 and (iO, to organize Ihem
sdves forthwith into Companies ot Mounted
Infantry, or Infantry, tor the purpose of repel
ling raids in their own or contiguous Counties,
and that all aide bodit and men who refuse or fail"
to join such organizations, and drill regularly,
shall be repotted by the officers, and sent Io
Urn front;'and that all others, exempts, (Civil
Ofncrs included) be requested to unite with
such organizations; nnd also boys under ]<;
years of age with tlieir parents consent."
Approving of this recommendation ol the
patriotic citizens of Hancock, and believing if
carried out earnestly, and in good faith, the
plundering expeditions of tlic enemy maybe
checked, if not altogether defeated, the Gov
ernor directs the able bodied men of tho State
to organize themselves as above, arid requires
the Officers to send to tho trout every one who
refuses or fails io join the organization cf Jiis
County.
The Companies will be formed under the di
rection cf the Aides de-Camp of the Military
Districts, who w ill see that proper rolls of each
Company are forwarded to this Office, and that
the purposes of the organization, so far as re
lates to the exercises and discipline
necessary to make it effective, are en
forced. The members of the Companies,
more-over, will not relax their*duties as l’o
licemen, or in Ihe arrest of deserters, laggards
and skulkers, but will use every exertion to
send them forward to ike field tor a< Uvc ser
vice.
By Oder of the Commander in*Chief.:
Husky 0 Wayne.
Adj & Ins General.
Tin; Fefi.ixg in rue Amir or Tennessee.
A correspondent of the Montgomery Itra.il,
writing from Ga., under date of
Sept. liOlb, speaks thus of the feeling which
exists in the army of Tennessee towards 1 resi
dent Davis and Gen. Johnston :
The feeling in the army lor Genera! John
ston is yet as enthusiastic as it. was when he
bade the troops a sad farewell. The sullen
-ri.anc-s Mviii'ii were cast at the President,
winle here, wore marks of the displeasure
entertained in his presence. It was difficult to
L„npress the rising ardor of the men. ibey
wished, in their own blunt v ay, to give ex-
I preerioa to the cslimation in which tliey held
! Mr. D.
Ade erti-r named Jacob Lovett was sliot to
death in Savannah on tfie 27th instant, in ac
cordance with the ;enunce of a military Couit .
Martial,
■t JUL*.! Tin; FHOVi'.
A conespond. nt of the Montgoincv Appeal
tnipks Sherman staggered at Hood’s move
ments, and does not know what course to pur
sue. lbs plans arc evidently upset.• It >s now
1.0.iil who is (ninpaiguiug and Sbcrm'au who is
on tiie defensive.
oai.-lul dispatches were receive.! in Milledgo
•* me on \\ nimouncing the? captiii**
oi u< l»y \\ !:» f'ut, ih* ( » , v hf*tov«\ with tho
garrison, cm.risting of lln oe thousand mgroea
and t.ii-n-white e.ffi.s'M, We are further in
formed t cat Hie enemy, previous to Hie surren
der, destroyed tin: nnst ir tint at! their com
missary stores, burning fur t-,U purpose two
squares of imildiugs in the business part of the
town.
On Sunday Cun. Wheeler dashed Into
Manet la near 111.. Lolling Green, succeeded iu
burning a block of storehouses and spiking
three siege guns.
'lhe main body t.f cur army is supposed to
Ue at Etowah. Fortifications are raid to have
been thrown up on Kennesaw Mountain.
T'lm report that Cerro Goxlo Williams bad
captured v haitanooga is not believed, foil tho
occupation of Dalton seems to be confirmed.
A genth uiaii hitely out ol Atlanta leports
Unit' Shermab has provisions there to last a
garriuouNdton thousand men for six months.
If ho is forced to.evaeuate the place with' his
army 1m will leave..a garrison.
Brig. Gen. il 0. Taylor, formerly colonel of
ihe Fifteenth Tennessee regiment iu at present
commander ol Iho po; r of West Point
Major Iforhack of Ihe army of Tennessee, Ima
been sent to I .nGrangc as Rost Quartermaster in
tho place cd' Major W. F Ayer, who has been ap
pointed Chief QUiirtennaMcr of tl-.e mm cf
Tenncesc.
1! is stated tiiaf Gen. Hood is fearing up Ihe
I nicks of the Georgia,' Macon and West iVmt
roads. Seventy miles, it is stated, of tho (In r.
gia road will be torn up, and the Macon road to
Griffin and the West Point read Io Newman.
All Hie cotton at Palmetto has be.-n brought
away safely. A large quantity had been stor
ed away at that point.
The Macon lutelligencer states it is rumored
that Hood luis captured a whole corps of tho
enemy amounting to 7000, in the rear of Sher
man’s army.
The consolidation of regiments in Hardee’s
corps threw out quite a laige number of offi
cers, from Oobmolt* down. 1
The supernumerary officers have been given
furloughs of seventeen days, for tbe purpose
oi enabling them to recruit new commands
where, you can possibly guess.
Our troops are in better spirits than tin v
have been since the fall of Atlanta. Au ad
vance movement, you know, iu calculated to
enthuse the most despondent.
We aye advised, cays tbe Memphis Appeal of
the 301 h, that an official dispatch has been re
ceived iu Montgomery, conveying tbe gratify
ing intelligence that. 1 <srest lias been eminent
ly i:i destroying the, railroad between
Nasiiviße.and Decatur. Avery largo amount
of trestle work was burned and much other
damage done.
It is Vumored, says tho stpnlgomery Mail,
that a new-military-district is about to bo es
tablished \o be called the Department of Ten
nessee. It isto embrace ail Hie territory north of
the Tomiessoo river, and extending through
Kentucky fry tiio left stn-sm, an 1 into East
.Tennessee on the rigid, as far as Cumberland
Gap. Gcn.-Fcrreet, tlm rumor has It, will be
made Lieutenant General tmd placed in coni
maod of this new Department., with authority
to raise a?; largo a.force ns possible and to'ope
rate against the enemy at discretion.
AU t!:e country occupied by tho Yankees and
about Jonesboro, and since evacuated by them,
has been completely ravaged and laid waste.
Bishop Lay has prone Unougii the lines, on a
permit from Geu. bhqrumn to visit his home in
North Alabama.
We learn that our scouts captured on - ? of
Sherman's supply trains, on Monday last at
Marietta. Thirty prisoners captured at tho
same time, reached Few can on Thursday, mad
canu: down the mad last Bight.
Gen. ('iicathum is now in command of tiio
gallant corps lately mitii-.vGen. Hardee, ami tho
report reaches us lie has ' been made acting
Iveutenaut-General. So far it is all rivht, but
tho full rank lutz been won by the fighting’
T'eunosseeaii.
A correspondent of tiio Montgomery Mail
says that Major M uon, Adjutant General to
the Aimy ot TciiMct&ce, and a son-in-law of
Judge Cauqftieil, of ism War Department, is to
be mado Chief of S fuff iii place of Geu. Hhoup,
lately res'gned.
ITiOM S.' S'l l 1'1.V,-
Lien!. N. IU. Stone.’ ofMorgans cavalry, who
was taken prisoner during Gen. Morgans’s last
laid into Kentucky, and made his . scape. Visa
furnished Iho Mi.cou Telegraph tho annexed,
news:
'ih:. force.", of Biirbrldgo, which drove Mor
gan back, outnnnibereit his troops four (none,
’ilia engagement was.a Woody one and many
of our best men ware killed and wounded.
Tbe wounded, were tai.cn to Cynthiana and
confined in a church. Tie-, ladies of tho place
wore very kind, and showe.j os ail tho atten
tion they could, mrriy of them were afterwanbr
anested by Yank.;.; officials. .
There is at piescnt, about twelve lliousand
troops in Kentucky. Nix thousand white ca
valry in and around Lexington under the ini
nadiftfc e.miroaiui of Gen. Bin bridge; aud
about tire same number of negro troops at Camp
Nelson, are sealieied in various detachments
throughout the HLUo. I>uvnbridge with his coin
maud is rapidly fortifying Lexington aud Ml.
•Sterling, I wiring another raid into the State.
Confederate raider* are tuvainting iu almost
every i (unity in Kentucky,' a>»'i are liecoining
bolder every day. A Federal soldier cannot
go twenty uiiies from the o-plnccswitfiout run
nirrg the risk of failing in tbe hands of our
troops.
Kentucky is being scoured in every dire- Ron
by negro troops hunting lip the few negro melt
.who have not tm-n | roper Io volunteer. Hi
many c,-i or thy ere shot down on reftm'ug to e:v
liat. ’i'.he negro troops, however, take good
care not to extend their visits to counties
where Confederate are known to by. In fact,
from all ] could m - tin re ;.-\r:;ls a perfect l'eigu
of terror throughout the State.
Both the property and live, of tiie citizens
are very insecure.
The people in Kentucky arc in favor of Mr
(TelLui, blit it is thought that Lincoln wilt
slop those who are opposed to him from vet
mg by the bayonet.
l-’ium EAST TEAMOiSKIi
The Bristol Gazette says that the past week
lias been one of comparative quiet in out front.
The enemy have made no cemonstiations on
this side of Greenville. A K-gjmcnt came to
this place bqt returned to theGnp iluysemc day.
N?une change has taken place in the forces.-
'ih.i 10th Michigan has gone to Ntrawbeny
Plains* Tins tilth Kentucky eaval-y, from
Cumbcihind Gap, has taken iis plr.ee.
The Gazette brings us the gratifying news
that 1,500 well mounted recruits (tout Middle
Tennesson, together with Iff.no rege-nra under
tbe command of a gallant leader, have gone to
our lines tho present week, which f peaks much
of iho devotion of the people inside the ene
my’s lines for our cause.
If thinks that if our armies would occupy
Tennessee and Keutvcky, that 50,000 men
would flock to our standard. Even the re oc
cupation of Erst Ten aesac would bo but tiio
opening for recruits, from Middle Tenueesee,
Kentucky and Indiana.
From what we Irani from other sources, we
are led to believe that there is n great im
prove me ut in theailairsof List Tennessee.
7 he.promotion#Of Basil ihtke to a brigadier
general, gives universal salisfa tion.
“ The enemy's rulesu East Tennesse is becom
ing mo’o despotic daily. Many of the most
influential Southern men are being arrested
and hurried effno Knoxville.
But one regiment of negroes and a few whites
compose the garrison of Knoxville.
Gen. Vaughn commenced moving towards
Knoxville some time ago, and on Sunday, 29tU
September, encountered the Federal forces at
Blue Springs, twelve miles below Greenville.
A tight ensued, and the Federals retreated to
Bull's Gap, a strongly fortified position six
miles lower down, leaving twenty dead on the
field, and forty prisoners in the hands of our
men. Gen. Vaughn prepared to renew the at
tack oti Monday morning, but an order cauia
on Sunday night instructing' him to fall back
to the Watauga river, tints putting an ena to
bis operations. Uem.-ral Vaughn did not loro,
a man in the fight at tin* Bluo Sjuings.
'«*■» ■
Air. Johnson, of Marerigo county, Ata., baa
manufactured edine fifty barrels cl castor oi
this season.