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N. S. MORSE.
d%onicie & Sentinel
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si iijk; vtioy.
We are fs*queatly treated to a dish of refined
horrors by our administration Itiends, and the
pet text is our utter ruin in the event of sub
jugation We*l>ever read these patent exag
geraiions without think ng of the good brother
who said in his meeting-house V!y friends,
thereto a sot ol tuen now days who nay t|)at
all men will go to heaven, but we, my broth -
ren, hope for better things.” It really does
seem as if “the wish was father to the
thought,” and there was really a hope, mixed
up with these terrible pictures of a’prostrate
South, kneeling in the blood of her own did
dren, with the heel of the Yankee Ooddiss of
Liberty upon her neck.
Now we solemnly protest a am t all such
writing, for. several serious reasons. There
never was a child long threatened with a
whippffig, bu 4 what expected it ; and it is not
uncommon to wish it would come and be over
with. There never was a child called a fool,
but whut had a fair prospect to become one.
And there never was a nation educated to look
for degradation, iut was also, the same
processes, well prepared to submit to degra
dation.
In the second place, the asseriion lias bad
little foundation in tact, and the principal ob
jection to it is, that it is not true ! There has
been but ono question for solid ion in this whole
long war. That i% has a State a rigid Inform
and regulate both her domestic and foreign rela
Hons in her oren univ, not subject to the Constitu
tion of the United States, but subject only to the
pleasure of the people ? We answered that
question in tho afiiiuiutive, and the “ pleasuie
of the people” resulted in anew Government
called the Confederate States. The euemy an -
twered in the negative, and have sent a mill
ion or so of men, a few hundred ships, and
spent some thousand million dhliars, to keep
us “ subject to the Constitution 01 tiro United
States.”
We are told of confiscation, and Lincoln
Only holds up that “ raw head and bloody
bones” to scare us truant children back into
his “ glorious Union.” We are told of execu -
tions, and one battle piles up more dead than
all the victims of the law tor fifty years. We
are told of negro equality, and the abolition
press of tho South propose to free the negro
slaves and confirm their social tqua'ity, by
giving them the arms to defend their new marie
rights with,.and crowning them with the lau
rels of victory and honorable war.
All such stutf deceives nobody hut the men
who manufacture the t iles—tor luion can tell
falsehoods so olteu as to finally believe them
themselves. Ihe plain truth i , that the gold
en gates of the New England paradise are
eternally open to take in all strangers, and
the Confederacy could get a large slice of
Fourth of July cake, ornamented with stars
and stripes, and served by “ < ur brethren at
Ihe North,” at any hour she might choose to
lower her own sacred bunting, and disband
the Government that used to hail from the
holy hills of Richmond.
But a few weeks have passed since the Van
kees sent Blair to otfor to take us back, and
let us settle tbo negro question by the vote of
States ; and would doubtless have levivtd tho
old bid made by Sumner, Hale .v Cos., before
secession, to pay us four hum Led millions of
dollars lor our slaves out of taxes we were to
help pay.
But not only is it not true that the fate of
the Confederacy is condensed in the two alter
natives of ab olule success, or utter ruin ; and
not only does the assertion tend to unnerve
the timid among us, and cause property to
seek for some compromise to avert the threat
ened ruin, but thetalsehood told here, suggests
a hope to the enemy.
The evil of creating despair in the minds of
oar people cannot be exaggerated, and we
know of nothing more likely to e luse desertion,
and nat-jh plans of dishonorable compromise
and submission, than to threaten equality with
slaves, the violation ot virgin-, the ruin and
confiscation ot all property as the alternative
of continued resistance. For all who read
these dquble-twisted horrors in our Southern
papers, and then read one of “Old Abe’s” par
don proclamations, very' natuiaily ihiuk they
had best take the last chance, aud save self at
the price of honor.
But this home evil, as we stated above,
causes a kindred evil at the North, for tho evil
one seeing himself painted so Llack, Las an
inclination to verity the portrait.
Abraham Lincoln begun this war for territo
ry, and to be able to boast that he had saved
Ike Union, preserved the iftars and stripes, and
earned a right to play Bail Columbia on h'l9
Yankee Doodle fiddle. But iu every Adrnin
lctratirn paper that goes irom here North, the
Yankees read that they are to get all our prop
arty, and what wonder that the cute New
Englander finally swears, _“Gosh all gr-ass
kopper if I don't!”
Lincoln finds that he rides a storm that he
dees little towards either controlling or direct
ly, and the radical party of the North, wish
the drunken Vice President trom Tennessee at
lie bead, readily catches the prophecies of the
South as the possibility of its future, and pro
poses to make Territories of wnat Lincoln calls
gtates, and to confiscate as a punishment, while
Lincoln only insults with the offer ot pardon
Let us have no more tales of Yankee giants
«rkO are to devour our girls if every conscript
don't prove himself a “Jack the Giant Killer,”
bat calmly satisfied that at the worst, we can
be bat little worse off than before, let us go to
week to maintain our first position, "of the right
of the people to fix their politkal destiny in their
oicn icay.”
Send no scared people' to the field with the
tale that it is a desperafe figbt for life, but
rally freemen to a gr- at contest lor principle
and the tights of man.
What Iheu shall we do? President Davis
-ays truly that the army of Northern Virginia
has long been the mere unless guard of a
town, aud wc give up Richmond without a
-igj, and only wkn our word- had found
listening ears when we advised long a»o to
give it up But it is useless to speculate upon
*iiow the ditch tied veterans ot Virginia could
have annihilated Sheimaa on the sou oi Geor
gia, !or the question is not of the past, hut of
the future. Having given up the pet mark
which we thought it manly not to let the Yan
kees cross, we now hope to gain somr victories.
If {Stephens, Toombs and Brown are allowed
even at this late hour, a voice in the councils
of the Danville Government, we will whip
eome Yankee aym/before long. We all waut
peace, hut cannot get a very desirable peace
without some V’ctories. But we may gut vjc
tones, aud it we do, then L-,t us strike for
peace, before we loose them again.
Fair terms would be these : Two Govern
ments. under two Presidents, au i two Legisla
tive aud Judiciary systems. No custom houses
on the boundary line, and no dudes at each
other’s ports. No interference with slavery
Tb« Monroe doctrine sustained on the Conti
nent. In shori, two governments for ail do
mestic purposes, undone government for all
foreign purposes. The dual government re
commended by the great South Carolinian,
John C. Calhoun That woul i not be Subju
gatiou, but Ii dependence.
If we cannot settle the matter this way, we
can settle it in some other way tqually as hop
orable, ii we will only go to work right. We
have tried to run backwards long enough. Ltu
us now see it we cannot walk forwards lets
belter always to commence at the bottom of the
ladder and go up, thau to get on the top and
fall to tho bottom.
The Augusta Chronicle Sentinel say that
“what Ihia country needs just at present above
all tilings else is the restoration ot cotideuce
in their leaders.” We are glad to see that
the Chronicle & Beuiinei has discovered that
the success of our ctuse requires the restora
tion to our leaders ot the confidence oi which
it has been laboring so assiduously* for ihe
past Iwo years to depiivethem. No paper in
the Confederacy has been more bitter and un
reasonable in its assaults upon the adminis
tration than that paper Selma Rebel.
The party who wrote the above is evidently
a servile administration supporter, who be
lieves the “king can do no wrong.” The Eab
ei belongs to that class of truckling sheets who
knuckle to men in power. Devoid of politi
eui principle, it cares but little whether or no
tho men it supports have any. Judging from
ihe toue of its columns one is led to believe
that it does not know what good government
is.
The Chronicle & Sentiukl has never endeav
ored to destroy confidence iu our leaders. Ou
the contrary, by showing to them their uncon
stitutional deeds and the tendency their tyran
nic vl acts would have ou the public, the'paper
has endeavored to have them so shape their
course th»t the people would have confi lence
in the u.
It our Confederate leaders have so abused
the powers delegated to them as to make the
pe iple lose confidence in their opinions and
their acts—it is the fault of the leaders, not
ours.
If the engineer through his own negligence
or folly causer the train to run- ofl, it is not
the fault of the passengers who have war*»ed
him wh«t the resul sos Ids acts would bo,
but it is his own—and on him the blame must
rest. No smoothly written newspaper articles,
false sophistry, or special pleading can shiitthe
censure he deserves on these parties who warn
ed him of the danger of his recklessness.
An Injurious Practice —A gieat manv per
sons have leit their homes in the *coiuniy wil
lingly, and nmoved into cities. Refugees also
who have been driven trom their homes, instead
of g®iug into ihe ruiai disliicts, go to already
over crowded places. This is all wrong. It
is one of the things which tends to make high
prices. It is a matter which has caused much
Buffering, and one which will continue to, un
less stopped. Every one in these times should
endeavor to become producers as well as con
sumers. We have now altogether too many oj
the former and too few ot the latter. In au
exchange we find some sensiole remark ou this
subject. lfeie_they are :
The praeti ™of refugees abandoning the
country and crowding into the large cuieß is
one wu ch would be moie honored in the
breach ihau in the observance. It would be
wiser lor many who are nowin the city to
look about for homes in tne rural districts.
Living is cheaper i 1 the Country, and not a
few oi them may become producers instead ot
Cousumeis. It they can get evui au humble
cabin, and a small gar lea, and pioiiuee a mtte,
if ir is only for th* ir own use, it is better ihan
to remain here, where ttieir preseuce can omy
add to tneir own stiff, and those ot others.
A High Bii» fob Chims.—Just before Rich
moud feU Gov. Smith, of Virginia, pardoned
nut of state Prison, a nlm convicted of the
luu;der of hie wife ; two bouse breakers ai.d
thieves ; a man who had been proved guilty
of committing forgery nine times ; and two
persons gut lty of grand larceny.
This leniency on the part of State Execti
tives is criminal. It is a high bid for crime.
It assures evil disposed persons that if they
caunet succeed in “slipping through the roeeh
es of the law,” that there is a chance to get clear
through influence of friends or influence which
can be purchased with money. It is a difficult
job uow-a days to convict a law breaker, aud
when one is convicted, he ought to be made to
tinder the penalty of his detds, unless .there are
some very extenuating circumstances in his
case. <¥here is crime enough committed, with
out Governors encouraging wrong doers by
removing the terrors of tho law with Executive
pardons.
From Florida. —Highway murders and rob
beries are becoming of frequent occurrence in
Florida. It is quite unsafe to travel about
alone.
A large number of deserters and tories have
recently been arrested and dealt with accord
ing to law,
YUGUSTA, G 4., WEDNESDAY MORNING. APRIL 19, 18(15.
What Might bk Expected — General Pem
berton has published a card in the Richmond
Enquirer, in which his chief object appears to
b-i to puff General Pemberton while he depre
elates General Johnston. We have but littlte
1 to .-ay about the card ; for it is only necessary
to compare the merits of the two olfficers, in the
popular estimation, to decide which of the two
is the superior
General Pemberton always has been, and
i- till continues to beau especial favorite of the
! President’s. Gentral Johnston it is well
| known is not. These two facts when taken in
I connection wi h other things will explain :ead
| ily the 'reasons why the card was published.—
Any assault upon General Johnston, no matter
! how unfounded or unjustifiable, is looked up
: U with au approving eye in high places. No
i amount of official abuse or vituperation, can
h wever, injure him in the estimation of the
people and the soldiers of his old army. They
know his bravery aud noble traits of character
wt-il—and knowing, appreciate them.
From the Texas Frontier —Late advices
irom trie Texas frontier show that that section
of the world is not quite as civilized as it
to tie. A Brownvilie paper, in speaking of
affairs, says the chapter of murders »nd out
lawry ibis week will compare favorably with
tne eriiirina* records ol most any country in the
world. Bid meu are prowling about this
frontier who seem to possess a fi ndish passion
ior blood aud booty. It is rumored that,
some forty renegades crossed to this side trom
Mexico this week ; and it is surmised that some,
if not all, of the dark deeds we chronicle are
attiicutable to them.
Don’t Beleivb ael y u HcAR.— Some party
who probably wanted to buy cotton or some
other destructible property with Confederate
Treasury notes, started the rumor yesterday
that ihe enemy was advancing on Augusta
with ten thousand troops. Speculators don't
car-, what they say as long as they gam their
ends. Tne people should not believe ail they
hear. you see a man crying “wolt”
and at the same time wanting to buy. some
thing you have, look out for him.
A Bad State of Affairs. — Rather of a bad
state of affairs exists in some sections of North
Carolina. Deseiteis are being taken from the
hands of officers who have them in charge,
the citizens are being way laid and shot down,
and other unlawful deed;; committed.
This condition of affairs is truly fearful and
much to be regretted. Ic shows a disposition
to override ail iaw, and to inaugurate anarchy.
This is what all'good citizens should strive to
prevent.
From Trans Mississippi.— The Mobile Tri
bune learns on good authority that the whole
ol Gen Price’s command has voted to come to
the help of their brethren on the east side The
question was put to them, and it was carried
unanimously.
Our Loss at Bentonvillg. —The Raleigh
papers state our loss iu the Bentonville, N. C.,
fitrbt was 2,500 The proportion of the killed
was small, and most of the wounds were
slight.
Georgia Railroad & Banking Company -
St-'Ck —At the auction sale of B F Russell &
Cos. on Hond .y, Georgia Railroad & Banking
Company Stock was sold foi $725 per share.
Gen. Clanton Improving.— A soldier from
within the enemy’s lines repot ts the health of
Gen. Clanton improving.
South Carolina Legislature.— An extra
session of the. South Carolina'Legislature has
been , onvened to meet at Greenville on the
25th of April.
Death of Gov. Milton. —A letter to the
.Yfac.n Telegraph states that Gov. Milton of
Florida, committed suicide April 1.
Confederate War Tax. — Tax payers and
officers charged with the collection of the taxes
for support of the Confederate States Govern
ment, art; interested - in the subjoip uotice from
Hon. E. G. Gabaniss, State Collector.
War Tax Office, i
Forsyth. March 21,1866. f
Tbe following Cucular has been received
from th Commissioner of Taxes, and is now
communicated to District Collectors as therein
directed ;
“Tbeie seems to be an erroneous impression
prevailing in the public mind, that Congress
iutends to change the iaw in order to make
four per cent certificates or bonds receivable
for the iucome tax and the tax of last quarter
ly sales for 1864, aud rnaay persons, are delay
ing the payment of their taxes in anticipation
ot such change This is, therefore, to notify
you, that so lar as lam informed, or believe,
there is no just ground for believing, that any
such change will be made; and it there were,
Collectors would not be justifiable in delaying
collections. .
Oa the contrary, itris their duty to press col
lections, and mate them as speedily as possi
ble, in view ot the pressing wants of the 'ireas
ury to meet current demands. No tax officer
has the l ight to dejay the piompt performance
o his dunes iu anticipation of what Congress
may or may not do, and all who do so are
guiny of serious dereiiation of duty.”
Collectors’ are therefore instructed to pre
cved wuk r he collect ou of the income tax and
ihe tax or. q umeriy sales as rapidly as possi
hie. t hey will proceed with the collection of
ail tuxe - : now duo, without further delay, in
oidcr that cidhetton- miy lie completed before
osst ssm n r s ut the tax tor the present yea - shall
be commenced. They are required to give im
mediate uotice, that after the expiration of
thirty days, all who are in default in payment
of taxes due, will be proceeded against as the
law directs.
Assessors are instructed to complete all as
sessments now required to be made with all
possible dispatch. A neglect of this duty,
when reported bv the Collector, will be visit
ed with a removal from office.
E. G. Cabaniss,
State Collector.
Lands or the South *.t Auction in New
York —The subjjiued advertisement in regard
to the sale of the lands of the South is taken
from ths columns of the New York Herald :
Sals of Pi beic Lands. —“Beginning ou the
first Monday ot A nil next, ] will selT at auction
to the highest bidder, the richest lands in Mia
s’ssippi and Alabama. Maps prepared from the
records of the General Land Office at Wash
ington. will be furnished on the day of sale.—
Fen simple titles will be made to purohssers .
All oblizations to pay money, made by the
Federal Government received as purchase mon
ey Holders of currency should begin to in
vestigate the qualities of lands In all parts of
the Gulf States.
Simeon Draper,
Agent and Salesman for the General Land
Office.
[From c , ° ]umbllß En q u ’ter ]
OF I.XTKKE6I TAX-PAYBHB.
We have before us Pamphlet circular of
instructions to tne Receive' s Tax Returns,
given by the comptroller Gen Georgia.
As we presume that each tax recover and tax
collector of the State have received Cop*es ut
this circular, we shail not repeat the Instruc
tions relating exclusively to their action. But
the circular contains also information of inur
es! to tax payers, which we glean for their hm
efit.
It is made the duty ot the receivets to assess
a double vairn- upon *he property of all de
faulters, aud neither the S2OO nor any other
deduction is allowed on any default property.
Besides the special taxes heretofore imposed
on professions, the following to be returned:
To carry on the business of Auctioneer, $10;
to keep aßiiiard ur Pool Table, $25; to keep a
Ten Pin Alley, or alley ot like kind, $.10; to
keep any other table, stand dr place for any
other gum** or play, $10; to keep* u public Race
Track, SSO
All Georgia State Bonds, except those taken
by adminisiratots or guardians aud all Confed
erate States Bonds, are liable to taxation.
All cotton and grain or other produce held
iu this State on the jlrst day ol April, and not
belonging to the original producer, are taxa
ble the same as other merenand ze
In cons« quence of the great inequality in
the valuation of slaves througnout the State
in previous years, the last L gisluture provi
ded for a uuiioriq *iato of valuation, to be de
teunined by the comptroller Genera!, who was
required to receive the valuations of the Justi
ces of the Inferior Courts of tbe several coun
ties, aud to ascertain tbe average. This duty
the Comptroller has now perlormed, and has
instrucied the tax receivers to return the sub
joined valuations for .-lares ;
slaves under 2 years of age, valued at $ 870 00
“ fiom 2to 6 y’,i6 “ ‘ “ 728 WO
“ from 0 toll” - “ “ 1.360 00
“from 12 to 16 “ “ “ 2.8414 00
Male Slaves from 16 to 25 y’rs“ “ 8 600 00
Female “ from 16 to 25 y’rs “ “ 3,187 00
Male “ from 25 to 35 “ “ 3 443 00
Female “ from 25 to 35 “ “ 2 850 00
Male “ from 35 to 45“ “ 2,768 00
Female “ from 35 10 45 “ “ 2 057 00
Male “ irom 45 10 65 “ “ 1,632 00
Female “ ftom 45 to 55 “ “ 1,134 00
Male from 55 G* 65 “ “ 663 nO
Female “ fr ni 55 to 65“ “ 410 00
Fifty percent, is to be addl'd to any slave of
any of the ages above who is a mechanic fol
lowing his trade, or who is a body servant, a
coachman, or a seamstress. To anticipate in
quiries, I will remaik that I th nk, a body ser
vant withiu.the meaning of Gie law, i8 a slave
whose constant or general occupation is to
wait upon his master or o her person as a body
servant-; a coachman is one whose general oc
cupation is to drive a coach or carriage, and
a seamstress is one whose general occupation
is that of sewing. ’ %
All other property to be entered at its mark
et value in Confederate Treasury notes on the
Ist day of.April, 1865. In c.ise of disagree
ment as to values between she tax payer and
the receiver, arbitration is provided lor
The Comptroller makes the following enu
meration of the person. and business taxed by
the Income Tax Act for this year (which has
already been published by ns) •
By the first section of the above, you will
see that all persons or bodies corporate, mak
ing income or profits by purchase and sale of
any property, real or personal— all keepers of
hotels, inns, livery stables, or managers of Ex
press Companies or • Railroad Companies not
protected by its charter against this tax; mana
ger of an Insurance Company; or as a broker
01 auctioneer; or in the manufacture and sale
of iron, salt, syrup, flaur, meal, grits, hominy,
or wood«n.wt»re; upon all profits arising trom
the sale of goods, wares and merchandise,
groceries and provisions; also, on all profits
from the purchase and sale ot cotton or tobac
co, and tbe manufacture and sale of cotton
and woolen goods; in tbe tanning and sale of
leather, and the manufacture and sale of any
article made thereof; or in the sale of, or the
distillation and sale of alcohol or spirituous
liquors—all such persons or bodies corporate,
when they make a return of their taxable prop
erty for the Geneval State Tax, are also requir
ed to return to you, under oath, the nett in
come of profits made respectively by them Over
and above 10 percent, on their capital stock
employed as above, during the year*, rorn the
first day of April, 1864, to the first day of
April, 1865.
The following is the scale ot taxes on in
comes and profits over end above ten per cent,
on the c pital sto ik employed ;
SIO,OOO or less, $5 * ior every SIOO
10 to 15 000, 7,50
15 to 20 000, 10.00 «
20 o 30 000, 12,50 “
30 to 50,000, 15,00 “ “
50 to 75,600, 17,50 “ “
to 100,000, 20 00 “ “
Ovar 100,000, 25,00 “ . “
* Any person or corporation falling or refusing
to make a reiurn of profits to be deemed, aud
held as having made two millions of dollars,
and taxed accordingly. Before this tax for
default is assessed, thtyrarty is to bo notified
by the assessor of the intention so to return hie
or their business, and the persons so notified
are then to have ten days within which to make
their returns.
The Cause Before Men. —We have
been able 10 understand why there should re
main to the people of the South no hope of
success in their struggle, simply because Mr.
Davis and Mr Bn,wn disagree touching the
merits of certain disastrous campaigns, and of
the wirdom of certain appointments. Mr
Davis is not the Confederacy; neither is Mr
Brown the State of Georgia There are other
men, we doubt not, who c.jiild till the p'>rit<on
these officials uovr occujy with, equal ability.
If Davis and Brown had never been born, the
same causes which have operated tub ing aboat
this war would have exis ed, If bota were
now dead, it would not materially affect the
•'genetal result of the struggio. Wherefore
is it an evidence of disloyalty not to pin one’s
political faith to the sleeve of Mr Dms or Mr.
Brown? Are not the people supreme gin and can
they not disrobe either Davis or Brown when
ever they choose to do b« ? Why this effort to
build tip the political fortunes of men by
raising the hue and cry of disloyalty against
those who mav be unable to endo r ?e all their
official acts? What does it portend? Are we
setting onr house In order for monarchy? Is
the revolution to be thus dishonored and the
cause of liberty prostituted to peron
al ambition? Men who were born free cannot
conceive how they came to owe allegiance to
the person of this or that official, they can
not understand how an honest difference of
opinion with an officer of the government re
specting the wisdom of certaiu appointments
c anbe construed mean opposition to the
government itself. It is certainly anew doo
trine in this country, and one which the peo
ple generally do not understand. —Columbus
Sun.
Sore Men’s Opinions Change with theih
Positions. —When J<-ffer*ou D_»v>B was Colonel
of a Mississippi regiment, in the Mexican war,
President Polk tendered him the aipointm.nt
of Brigadier General for his gallant oondnet.
He declined it, upon the ground that the Pre
sident had not the constitutional i ower to con
fer such an office upon tim ; that he was an
officer in the volunteer militia of the State of
Mississippi, and that his State had the exclu
sive right, expressly reserved in the Constitu
tion, of appointing the officers to command her
militia, when in the service of the United
States.
As soon as Mr Davis became President, he
abandoned this sonnd doctrine, and called for
the power to appoint all the officers down to
Lieutenant.— Macon Qonftfaraoy.
’ [ orrespondeuce Macon Confederacy.]
VISI- OF TIMS GOVEHVOK TO GEY. \VOF
IVItIfs HtiAItQCAUI'KHti.
SPEECHES OF GOV. BROWN AND GEN.
WOFFORD.
Atlanta, March 30, 1865.
I had the pleasure this aluffnoon ol being
at the camp of Gen. Wcffmd’s command, now
i’endizvousing near th s city From, all I
couid see, the brigade is composed of a line
I body or men-some of ihtrn veterans with
[ many scars, whilst others are young and mid
dled aged ineu. who have not teen so much
service
During my stay, i noticed that tbe regiments
were forming io line, aud was informed that
the eomuiHird were expecting a visit and re
view trom his Excellency, the Governor, and
Gen. Wofford uieir com maud er They Were
formed iu a below tajuare to await the arrival
of these distinguished gen lem u Soon the
carriages cental uug them drove un. anil the
Govei nor aud General alighted.. His Excel
lency was ioudiy called upon by the men for
a speech, and in resuonse made a shur ad
•dress The w’hd was blowing eo strong as
to lendei it very difficult to bear him, and
the General ordeied riie men to come up near
er, without regard io their or-e r , whereupon
theie was a general lush for front seats on the
ground On account of the high wind and
my unfavorable situation, 1 ou and not' hear
or take notes of what was 3aid, as i would have
liked. I, however, turnish the tollowiug
synopsis of the remarks of both these gentle
men. whirh, in the main, is collect. The Gov
ernor was introduced by Gen. Woffoid, who
said:
.‘ Officers and : I tate pleasure in
introducing u you, hia Excelleucy, the Gov
ernor of the btote of Georgia.” A voice in the
crowd called out, ••three cheers for Governor
Brown,” which was responded to with a hearty
wnl. Tne Governor thou addressed them sub
stantially, as loliows:
Officers and sold ers : As your General can
teli you, 1 did not come here with the expee
tation ot m .king a speech, but only to have a
conference with him and to pay you a social
visit. Hence I was unprepared to wituess this
flattering manifestation on your part.
lam glad to find that you have responded
so nobly to the call made upon you 1 need
not teli you of the perils of the country, or ot
the lawlessness exhibited in (Jherokee, Geor
gia, by armed bauds of plunderers and robners,
who infest that beautiful section of our ttaie,
and attempt to enrich themselves with spoils
taken Pom honest people, while they skulk
from duty and avoid service. Gen. Wofford
has been sent here to organize the true and
loyal men subject to Couiederate service, to
protect the people iu their persons* and prop
erty, to restore quiet, and to drive out those
who set the law at defiance. Iu this good
work he wi i have my cordial co operation and
my active assistance. His success must de
pend, in a g >od degree, upon tue promptness
of your response, aud the fidelity, , ciiviiy aud
energy with which you execute hfs orders and
discharge your duty.
The civil iaw must be permitted to resume
its proper supremacy, justice must be admin
istered ; judges and courts must be respected,
aud all civil cffi.ers must be upheld aud sus
tained in the dischaige of the functions as
signed them by the civil (statutes miff laws Oi
the State.
The only legitimate use of the military pow
er in a State is to aid in sustaining the civil.
To the civil authorities the military must be
subordinate, and must act in aid of them. The
enemy could not desire a greater calamity to
b fall us, than the tubversion of law and or
der, and the regulation of thß rights of per
sons aud property by armed banditti. I trust
greatly in your aid to avert this calamity so
fraught with evil to our case. For Lis purpose,
every true man should rally around your Gen
eral. Many who ought to be here wtifi you,
are absent Piobably some ot them are at
home committing depredations upon your prop
erty. Tney must understand that they will
be compelled to do their duty or to quit the
State.
Twenty years of my life, I have been a citi
zen of Cherokee Georgia, and 1 have sympa
thized deeply with hei people in their distress;
and I am ietei mmtd to do all in my power to
feed tbe hungry and protect the law abiding
of’all classes.
The appointment of Gen Wofftrdtos Con
federate commander in that section, has been
;■ source of much gratification to me. We
shall act in concert and harmony, as it has
been my good fortune to do with every Con
federate General who has been assign and to
command in this State. I will not offend the
modesty of your General by an expression of
my opinions of his merits as an officer. I have
known him many years. He has loug lived
among you ; and it is enough to say he never
turned his back to the enemy, or failed to treat
his troops humanely, or to care lor their wants.
Stand hy him, obey him, sastain him, and or
der will soon be reared, and y iur people can
go quietly to work to mate bread.
In this connection I will remark, as I have
often said before, that tie bread question is
the great question in this . contest We can
neyer be subji gated while we can feed the
army and the women and children at home
We have raftered much from the enemy,
and much by the mismanagement of those in
authority over our army ; but we are not ex
hausted. We are not conquered, and it we
are true to ourselves,-and those who have toe
administration of our affairs, are true to the
great principles of the revolution, we never
can be.
We entered into the contest to maintain
State sovereignty, constitutional liberty and he
institution of slavery. For these purposes,
our people rallied to aims, with a sia! that was
unlimited, and the further our authorities have
departed from these great cardinal principles,
and the more they have been disrt-garded, the
more lukewarm our people have become, the
more our rmies have been thinned by deser
tion, and the greater have been the disasters
whieh have befallen us. If we would reinspire
the enthusiasm of our people, we must return
to the principles for which we took up arms
We roust rely uoon free white men to light our
battles: and we must employ our slaves to m ike
provisions for those who fight our battles, and
tor their families in our absence.
Gen. Sherman passed through our State
from the seaboard to the mountains, in the
absence of those to whom Georgia looks as her
defenders. He burned tne city near to which
you are now encamped, together with other
towns and vilitges, laid waste our fields and
destroyed an immense quantity of property.—
Butt dais not subjugation. He could not
garrison and hold. He passed over it like a
torntdo, and is gone, and our pe >p!e are as
defiant as ever. Our territory is too large o
be occupied by the enemy, and he cannot ac
complish subjugation without occupation.—
With his 50 000 veterans he did not* dare to
attack Macon, garrisoned with a few reserves
and the militia. He was far in' the interior,
and he feared that his supply of ammnnition
would fail before ire reached the coast if he
consumed it in au attack upon an inland city.
We have nothiug to fear so much as the
breaking of the spirits of our people by on -
wise laws, unjust taxation and a departure
from principles which are dear to them and
for which they are willing to fight. FreemeD
under arms most still be treated as freemen,
and he who attempts to govern them upon
any other plan will have abundant cause to
regret the failure. ~
The people of Georgia a-e as loyal to our
sacred cause as the needle it true to the pole ;
and they regard him as most disloyal, who
does most to break down the barriers which
uphold constitutional liberty, and to trample
under foot the great principle* for which they
VOL. LXXIV.—NEW SERIES VOL. XXIV £?£
took up arms, and which thev are ready to die
in determined defense.
Gentlemen, I expect you Io stand firmly by
these principles, and strike bravely for your
country till our indipendence is achieved
Redeem your beautiful section from the pol
lution of the enemy and the tread of the de
serter. Follow your General when be leads,
and strike bravely, youug men, for your
sweethearts, husbands, lor your wives and
parents, for your children, and you will soon
reclaim the land ot our homes, the land we
love the best.
As soon as the Governor concluded kud
calls were made for “Wofford! Wofford!
Wofford!”. The General in a modest man
ner, stepped forward .and spoke substantially
as follows:
“Officers and soldiers ; As the Governor has
said to you. I came here for the purpose ol re
storing law hnd order, and proteciiug the wives
and children of soldiers and citizens from ;iu
depredations of lawless men. lam glad to saj
to you that many have responded to my call,
but many are yet delinquent. I say to you, as
l did to Col. Baker, all I ask is prompt obe
dience to orders. There is uot a man, woman
or child in Northern Georgta whom I am not
willing to d«loQd to the last, aud by your
hearty co-operation with me in obeying oider*
you can materially assist me. 111 this Ido dot
hesitate to say 1 am serving my country. When
I see my desola»ed home—poor women fudg
ing for miles with a little sack of corn to oe
converted into bread, my heart is touched, and
what nobler task do we want than to protect
their lit tie all trom the common enemy and
from from outlaws aua and thieves ? I appeal
to you to give me your aid in protecting‘our
wives and children. If theie be a rnau of my
command in the sound of my voice, who says
he is not willing to share these honors with
me, who is not actuated by patriotic motives,
and who is afrgia to follow, I will release him
from his obligation. If there be an officer or
man here who will not assist me in restoring
law aud order m this region, aud who will re
fuse to obey my orders, I do not want him.-
H-* shall not snare the honor of belonging to
my command, and I shall not hesitate to come
m-md him to the guardianship of the enrolling
officers I desire to speak plainly to you and
do not wish to be misunderstood.
“Another thing ; It you captnre prisoners
they shall be treated according to the customs
and usages of civilized wai faro It shall not
be for you to say who is disloyal and who is
not. If a person be guilty J treason, it is for
the civil tribunals of the State to decide upon
the merits ol his accusation and not your
selves. If a constable were to come to me to
day with a legal warrant, it becomes my duty
to submit as a loyal citizen. I mil you plainly
you are not to take, seize or impress any de
scription of property under any circumstance
whatever. I want no horse thieves in my cum
mand. I know that Tam sanguine, bui I say
to you to-day, in the presence of the Governor,
that I intend to .have one of the most efficient
and well disciplined commands in tho service.’
“I would have you, when passing through
the country, to hear the cry of women ana
children : “there comes my shield, my protect
or!” I would not have you to be a stance oi
terror to our people;, but to the enemy. Lot
us raise high the standard of patriot! in aud
courage. I have come to offer my services ior
this cause. Let us torget sell. The true sol
dier does sacrifice tho comforts of heme and
amity, aud otrikea alone r'or hisoountty. Yon
save a glorious field. You wives, and children,
and relatives call upon you to protect them. —
You cannot, you will not refuse.
If by this time next year you should have
restored quiet and order in this section, you
have done much and will be amply rewarded
by the grateful acknowledgments of a dis
turbed people.# We have the devout prayers
of the pious fathers and mothers to go with
us, and the aid of ihe Confederate and State
authorities pledged. It devolves upon you to
accompl Bh well the part assigned you. If
there beany who doubt our success, let them
retire to the shades of dishonor. None but
the deserving shail share the honor I have
no favorites. Merit shali be my guide iorj.-ro
motion, and if you think ihe command is or
ganized as a “bomb-proof” be undeceived.
Oh no ! I will lead you lo the enemy. Tho se
cret of our success is iu harmony. Do your
duty, and I pledge you a rich reward trom
the bauds of your country.”
Sheridan’s correspondent of
the New York Times who woe with Sheridan
during his last raid through the Vnginia val
ley, gives the annexed summary of the damage
done by him :
The real value of the work done by General
SheridaQ’s command, during the la3t nineteen
days, cannot be estimated in dollars and cents,
and yet the money value when accurately com
puted amounts to such a fabulous sum that a
person with no personal knowiedg * of the
ta.ts could hardiy credit the statement. When
we say that $2,000,060 worth of provisions
and material of war were destroyed by one iii
tie command in one day, it is no exaggeration;
and the same work was repcate J at different
points.
The Kanawha and James River canal cannot
be repaired in the next two years, provided T o
facilities, matt rials and workmen were at baud.
The banks were not only cut and levels di%med,
but this was done frequently at points where,
owing to the recent rain-, rapid steams wash
out the very bed of the tanal itself. At ono
point near cScottville the bed before our troops
left, had been washed out to tbe depth of at
least ten feet, aud a powerful mruutaia feeder
was making it deeper every hour. F.om Du
quidsv lie to Gt ochlaud every h>ck and every
level was destroyed, so thoroughly that every
portion will have to Oe rebuilt.
Then as to the railroads betwen Waynese
boro and Charlottesville, Charlottesville and
Amherst uourtnouse, aud Louisa Courtnouse,
and the South Anna, and between Chesterfield
Station and the Ch,ckaliomiuy nver, every
bridge and nearly ev*-ry culvert, and scoieg
of milee of the rail itself have been complete
ly de troyed One of these bridges was oae
thousand feet, another seven hundred and
titty feet,another tour hundred aud thirty feet
in leDgth, and quite a number between one
and tfnee hundred feet long. These struct
ures were ma ie in Alexandria, and no dupli
cates are on band to replace them.
The destruction of these lines of communi
cation, draining as they have dune one of the
most p olific grain growing sections iu tue
United States, and which has more than Sup
plied Lee’s army with “hog an I homioy”
since the war began, very naturally creates a
panic iu Richmond such as never existed tacre
before. The main artery of the Confederate
army—the canal—has been severed.
F’>r nineteen days Sheridan’s army has ob
tained supplies for noraes and men in the thn -
teen counties traversed. Sheridan s troops
are tree fighters and free eaters. Tbe 8U
consumed and wasted would, mall probability
it issued as systematically as other supplies
l-are, keep the command in good condition for
were destroyed and issued
to the starving poor doubtless to feed Leb s
army for three months
When to tt efte things are added the destruc
tion of other property, such as mills ot various
kinds, tobaccd warehouses, manufactured and
leaf tobacco, applejack, and many other useful
articles found in large quantities, the ConKd-’
erate authorities as well as the people feel tnat
Sheridan strikes hard blows. •
To this may be added the extinguishing of
Early, one of Lee’s favorites, aud the destruc
tion of his ent re army by Custar, as will more
■ fully appear iu my detailed report.
Under a skilful commander, assisted by able
generals and a well disciplined corps of troop
ers, ail this has been accomplished with a loss
not to exceed Bix men killed—four in action,
one drowned and one from ex pom ft*;
command r C j-y , a feadv for fi.dd s'ejvi
\ l was vviisn it first marched out of Wine
ter. /
FiSOII SMj i llf.lt » KK I ITCHY.
A correspondent ot the L misville Journal
speaks thus of the outrages and lawlessness in
that section:
U e are troubled in thiscountry with the deeds
°* Ipon'illas .old cold blooded murdeui# But
! . citizens ot th s section have another source
01 trouble, compared with which guerilla war
is,nothing, (hir country is overrun with cotn
paui-'S and squads oi negro Souliers, who are
insulting aud overbetirmg to all tney come ir*
contact with, There has been stationed her
u portion oi the Si veuteenih Kentucky cavalry
doing garrison duty; but ouq who was n,
uwiu-« ot it, w. uid.ever find I*. out, as there
neatly always a aetachm ut or cotnpau;
negro soldiers here, who seem to ride up
down on.- stieetn mid make them«elvts so.
spiepus that the white SoidttMs all mker<--
streets, t here seems to.be no effort at:
line among Ibe office)s win) command )
gross Recently thoy wcte-ver, bjts'
astloon,»ud tne keeper ordered the
they went iorthwiiii and turned thej
and went back to hunt tor tne nut -*“•
they would shoot him.
i'itcy also cursed an l tbrogue*
I tciy ior protesting against,
waiei in her cistern; and tu
them won to a stage stab: <
to a bnale the s.uge dr,vet
(i£inaad on him tor it. Hoy
to him. Ho then went* unit
quarters i:nd»i!>#his tun uu<
ocad. Tee mvu was a quie
citizen. ’l.O wa.i a poor m.
wtio mid slireo children,.why
011 him lor a livelihood ■ y
Mr. Uoeti Tuis was ail
ted States Colored v, i:
B.iso 11 is the Co'out 1 Oi ,
Lieut (J. Riihor soa .aid
daugh, ol' Company 1 wore !
s.» Lieuteiiac: ch i ,tuie w..s 1..
other portion ot liie ugitu -m
be no ellort mad to hud nu>; Wq
iy paily. Tney, ween q 1 idiom?
made Ins esc pe, ;;n l a Bqii.nl
teen(,h Kentucky was sent in puii)
no result.' Tney weieasiod to o*. <
and sec wso was ui ssing from the cow. .JJ
but mg looted to do so. They tuna inußCcre<L
thuir forces and sTarti -.1, for ihinCeton, ready to
kill any citizeu who refuses to surrender to
them any horse, bridle, or other property they
make take a iaacy to. J
There exists in <*■ .on them portion of thi%
country a perieitt reign of terror.. Moat of the
slaver, uom I hero have gone to Clarksville,
Tennessee, and the owners would be perfect
ly satis lied it they won cl stay; but they coine
back in squads, armed, aud 10b the taims, &
meal, H<ur and bacon, also kill the hogs and
ail ilie poultry, and, it the o wners remonstrate,
they tiireateu to kill them. And many ot the
murders and robberies mat tire committed and
done by them are said to Undone oy guerril
las. A Mr. Hopkins, of our county, had to
fasten himsoli up in hi, house to keep from be
ing shot by them. A Mr. Kitlcbrew, of th,s
couuiy, had tiiree negroes who bad been gone
over a year, to return to Ins place with a pass
from the, comm imler at Ulaiksvilie. good lor
luucatc an 1 irehiu.itr. ; u'ey verb armed,
aud also had aa dylerfioni the Provost Mar
shal ior Kilmbrow to pay the boy money for
-thecrop of tobacco he run olf aud iett iu 1863.
How long are we to ltmam in this state of
anarchy? I would much lather Gov. Brdm
iette iu his recommendation to the Legislature
to vote for the “amendment with compensa
tion,” that he wou,d in. e omitted compensa
tion, and merely asked luu ieuioval oi every
negro soldier from tne soil of Kentucky, and
then I would feel that w« would have been
much better paid. Armed negroes in our
ritate will always boa Souice ot disturbance.
I hope some effort will be made to remove
them to some other field; “Loyal Kentucky”
needs no such hiim.liation. I yet own soma
thirty and want no compensation, but think it
due our Slate to remove them from atnoug us.
I have adopted compensation labor for two
years, and hope to see our Legislature take
some immediate act’on to remedy the labor
system of the State. ’
There is also another outrage that has been
committed by a lot of negro soldiers from
Southland ami Paducah. They cams through ‘
Gaiwell. Trigg, and a portion of ttiia county,
aud se*ed ami took off by force over ono
hundred negroes. They catch Ui.au while in
their beds at night, T iie negroes that are
unwilling to go are taken off, anil they are
punished iu every possible way to make them
eu ist. lhey are made to go iorty eight hours
without eating, worked in deep mud, aud smok
ed, to toice tucm to enlist, ineieiy that the
“Northern philanthropic officers’’ can get
pay for recrui mg 1 his 1 know, is a violation
of all law on the subject. There is no way to
lorce any one in iff • aimy ex .opt by the diaft.
It is a viola'at on of their nghtb as citizens;
and those same negroes are euioiled and liable
to the draft in this BCite. But tyre earned olf
aud credited, I suppose to some pther* estate.
I see our county has to furnish one hundred
aud ninety iour lor the coming draft, when I
know thcoe have gone over 1000 utoie hegroes
from this Slate kh.ol we hav • got oiedil lor.—
Our slave population iu 1860 was near ten
thousand, anil now there is not enough left to
raise enough produce toleed the women and
children; whim at Clarksville the Government
is supporting thousands of them in idleness.
1 hope we are Ip have- borne change in Ken
tucky. Many —y car beet citizens a e moving
»Ts. They had lost ull hope lor a return to
law and order in K -uiuey. I think it the
mditary cannot remedy he grievances of K-u
--tu .ky very soon, our iatr and will b. Cos re a
wilderness.
What .ntai'es m .t i'.e-id nt, in
his Special Message, a.-ks Congress to pass a
law to provide toi catling on.,' lue m litia of
the .States, and namea two lnsia.ces to illus
trate lie necessity tor such* a law. oie is,
rtsat the G./vcia ,r of a State hid nformed
him that trie law ol bis Siate would not per
mit him to cal! ! he mum* out ol one .county
in tue State for service in another countv la
the other e > he Governor refus; and to allow the
militia to be employ din the service of ihe
Confederate States, m the aosenco of a law lor
that purpose.
Now we want to know which Stat-a. these
aro? We wi 1 fun hot venture that iuey are
States whose Governors at.'l L uo-latures have
indorsed tne Conscript Jaw, . ;1 a lowed the
most important reserved rights of theii States
to be overidden wi ’■soul *-vyo * > rot-. Who
can teli us which ol th lies .rave these re
plies to the President 'i We want to know.—
Macon Confederacy
Bao State of Ahai in FranAis.—We
are-reliabiy informed that on Saturday, 2otk
uit., Mr. James Connelly, one ol the enrolling
officetß of Franklin county, was assaulted at
Ginn Log Court Ground by about tkiny or
forty persons, rno.-t of whom are said to be
deserters. We are informed that the only
reason for this attack, was that Mr. Connelly
was a Confederate officer,, end-aving to dis
charge iiis datv. They took niui iiuo cuitody
and threatened to kid him, if be del ;.ot com r
ply with certain demands ; v. hicb he promised
to do, in order to sjve bis life Several re -
pect.it>!** citizens say that they consider the
life of Mr Connelly in danger, unless he gets .
additional assistance.
On the 26di uit., a worthy lady was shot
through the head and kit led .‘while in bed. it
is supfk>3ed that the perpetrators ot the mur
der were endeavoring to kill her husband. The
lady was the wileot Mr. Frank Wateis. It ia
said these outrages are becoming frequent.
[ Athens Banner,