Newspaper Page Text
N. S. MORSE.
(o|r6RUh £
»?A Political Moc.ntebask.— ln the U. 8.
House of Kepre-entatives we notice that a
n.etcher from Connecticut, Mr. Darning, de
sins “io bring the Southern States to trial os
e . <)i;crcd rebels.” He said that "the loyalty
thoi i was little ; the submission of the peo •
pie eirjg from necessity.”
A greater mountebank than this man Dem
h‘g, never camo upon the political stage.—
i'o duv he is this. To-morrow he is that.
Anything and everything, no matter what,as
long ns he can get into some fat office thereby.
When he Hist made his appearance in public
lif-% he vv is a bitter Whig ; then Tor a petty
office he became a strong Democrat ; next we
lind him tinctured with ; after
w -."ls for the Miyoralty of Hertford, Ct., he
turns up a strong State Rights Democrat.
Thisp sition he occupied when the war broke
out ; at that time he was fierce in bis donucci
;'i .:i. of Republicanism and its doctrines.
After the war had progressed a while, he made
nriotner turn, and we find him with General
Hiitb . i:i Niw Oileans, as Chief i’rovost Mar
shal, getting rich with his ‘ illustrious’’cora
niiiadei, upon property illegally taken from
thou parties he uow desires still further to
oporess. i
Mr Doming occupies his present position,
not from any principle—for lie has noue po
litically nor morally^eithcr—because a majori
ty of the voters in his district are of that
opinion. Were they suddenly to become of a
dill'crent mind, he wou'd realize a sudden con
version aho.
The whole public career of Henry C. D< ru
ing, ol Connecticut, shows him to be as com
plete a political mountebank as ever appeared
bofoie the people. He is truly a chameleon—
this shade of color to-day, that to morrow ;
next day soint thing else—“ uuy thing you
prlearo., rir,” to get position and place.
Mr. laming wishes to have the Southern
States “treated as conquered provinces/’ Do
not doubt his sincerity on this point, lie
prolialy desires to be sent South in some of
ficial capacity over “die conquered provinces”
in older to retll a depleted purse, or udd to
what it alieady contains.
11 ih assertion in regard to the loyalty of the
people of thu South, is us base ch it is false. No
truth in regard to the situation can bo expect
ed, however, lvo:n such a source.
Mr. D. befoio he talks about ibe pretended
rins ol other people, had belter show a little
cleaner record himself.
Nkoko Suffrage. —la the United Staten
House of Kepiesentalives, a resolution has been
passed allowing negroes to vote, without re
mud to qualifications, in the District of Colum
bia. In the teiritoiy mentioned, the Federal
Congress have u perfect right to say what shall
uni! what shall not be done—‘‘.ho same as any
State Legislature Ins in its respective State.
In the District of Columbia, the authority of
the Federal Congress is supreme. If they see
tit to appoint negroes to all the cilices, they
can do so—or can do any thing, no matter how
much it outrages tho feeling ot the people.
Put when that body of Legislators under
takes to say who or who sha'l not vote, in a
ate, they assume power not given to them by
tho Constitution. I'hey mako an infringment
upon a reserved right never delegated. They
make an encroachment which should he sternly
eslsted nml never yielded to.
in the action of Congress, we see ioresliad
owed what they intend to do, if they can.
They mean to forca negro suffrage npon tho
Southern States, if possible. Let tbo South ns
n unit resist any such attempted outrage.
Georgia has as much right as ever to say
who shall or who shall not exorcise tho vot
ing privilege within her borders. Let har
insist that that right shall not bo trilled with.
Let her take her staud upon the Constitution
of the country, and from that position defend
wlict is guaranteed to her by that document.
If the radicals of the North succeed In inducing
Congress to say that iu order to get our ro
presor.tatives into National Halls of Legislation
we must allow negroes to vote, let us just in
form 1 hat body ol men we will not. Rather
than o i so, let us remain out forever, if need
be. ,
Tuk Mim.Ko iKviu.t: Railroad.—Months ago,
the pn j iot of building a railroad, which
w ufid place in immediate conneciion Mill
» L.wiilo aud Augusta, wassot on foot. Books
v,ere opened aud a large capital subscribed.
Tho chosen route was graded and naught left
so make it complete save tho laying ot the
r ill ; when the war broke out aud frustrated
every well laid plan.
This ia much to be regretted. The chief
hin terauoe, however, is cleared away now,
and it is to bo hoped that advantage of the
fin out will be taken, aud speedily improved.
There is much of good or evil to Augusta,
wtapped tip in this project. Good, if finished ;
detriment to her common interest, if aban
doned.
1 1 behoves those having special supervision
cf this question, uud our merchants particu
larly, to push it forward to an early, practical
and affirmative deeison.
In direct communication with the State
Capitol. as also with the rich districts through
wi.ii U the load must run, this city cculd not
?dl realize great commercial profits, to ery
a, d.Uis of those lesser, .but equally important
advantages, which must needs follow.
We know that our citizens are alive to a
sense of their weliare and advancement, and
that knowledge to cherish the
belief that they will, Cat once, move in the
matter referred to. There is scarcely auy
cause for delay. The subjeot might be thor
oughly and immediately canvassed, [every ar
range rnent made, and the work begun and
finished by next spiing, at least.
Will it he done ?
A L \ii Session.—lt will be seen that a
multitude of bills nave been introduced into
our L s', ire since it re*assembled ; these
added to the large number introduced the early
part of the session, argues in favor of a long
session. Neither house has as yet had but
one- »s'.oa iu the day. The committees are
engaged in preparing matter for the considera
tion of their respective houses.
AUGUSTA, GA., WEDNESDAY MORNING. UiUlllWl 13366,
Tuk War with Paraguay. — The war. be
tween Brazil and the Argentine Republic on
tbe one part, and Paraguay on the other
has uow reached a point where the *eal dif
ficulties of the allies begin. They have whip
ped off the iuvadiog Paraguayans, who bad
entered into their provinces ; ami the latter,
having suffered lcsi.es, have gone back to their
country, uffer devastating ite provinces which
they occupied, and taking with them immense
store*of plunder. They have made the prob
lem of supporting an army very difficult for
the adversary, and the latter will, iu order to
triumph ultimately, have to invade Paraguay
in force. That country lies between twenty
and thirty degrees.of latitude south from the
Equator. Being an interior region it baa not;
tho benefit of tho sea br» ezei which cool the
atmosphere of coantrie* on the Atlantic and >
Pacific coast. It is defended by mountain
ranges, impenetrable swamps, arid sterile de
sens. Its chief cities, except Ascenlion, are
about the centre of the State, and the former
it, believed to be defended by formidable for
tificati ns.
Invasion of Paraguay from CorrienteF, or
the Brazilian province of Rio Grande, will,
during the coming summer mouths, have to be
prosecuted after dark. '1 he beat is intense,
and during eight hours of the daylight work
and travel have to be suspended. The country
will not support au army. Agriculture is iu a
ude state, and it will be necessary that the
invading troops shall bo well supplied, and
carry I heir rations and munitions with them.
They must march, and their commissaries mubt
be transported on the backs of animals, good
roads for wagons being in Paraguay unknown.
Under the circumstances, it may be doubted
whether the allies will attempt an invasion
from the cast or Southeast. If they move up
thcoasl bauk of the Paraguay, thqy must hope
to accomplish something. As yet they have
done nothing in the way of aggression, and
they will find Ihe Paraguayans ready lor them,
aud very resolute. The couutry is isolated
fiom the world, and except for munitions, is
independent of foreign assistance. Os those
neerssary adjuncts cf campaigns it is said that
Lopez has good store, having been in prepara
tion lor this war for some years. Whether he
has manufacturing resources may b„- doubted,
but as ho has great energy, and rules with ab
solute power, ho may attempt to furnish bis
own military supplies. It is evident that tho
most stubborn portion of Ibis contest is jet to
lake place.
The Fukedii vn's Bureau Bill.— A bill rela
ting to the Freedman’s Bureau has been intro
duced into the’Senate by the Judiciary com
mittee : It provides for the continuance ol
tho bureau, aud its extension to all parts of the
United States where freedmen may be For
this purpose, there are.to be twelve freedmen’s
districts, with an Assistant Commisskmer over
each, with sub-districts, and the necessary
clerkH. tub President io aiiow:«. s a to place
tho whole, if he deems it best, under officers
from the army, and to give all employees of
the bureau military protection. For destitute
refugees and negroes, the Secretary of War is
authorized to issue provisions, fuel and cloth
ing.
The bill gives the President authority to
reserve for the freedmen and Union refugees
unoccupied lands in iflorida, Mississippi and
Arkansas, not exceeding in all 3,000,000 acres
of good land. Each family or laborer is to
have forty acres, at 6uch rent as may be agreed
upon between the Commissioner and tho freed
men. Alter a time, the tenants can purchase
and own the lands on valuation—this latter to
be determined by the Comurssioner, under the
direction of tho President. Thu titles granted
under Gen. Sherman’s special order of January
16, 1865, are confirmed and made valid. The
pauper freedmen—now depending on the Gov
ernment for support—are to be provided with
such lands in tho different districts as the
United States may-j able to purchase, and
the Commissioner shall build upon them such
schools and asylums as may be necessary; and
from time to time he is to let and sell those
lauds to the freedmen, in the same manner
with the public lands; provided, however, that
tho lots shall never be sold tor less than the
cost to tho United States. Another section
authorizes tho President to extend military
protection to tho freedmen in all cases of laws
• making discrimination against them on account
of color; and still another prescribes punish
ment for subjecting freedmen to slavery Tho
bill is now being discussed in tha Senate. In
what form it wiil be adopted remains to be
seen. Perhaps another ore may take its place.
It is evident from what has already occurred
that a bill of some sort will be passed, no mat
er how repugnant it in ay be to the people of
the South.
Tns President's Message is France. —The
President’s Message has created as much of
an impression in France, and has been as '.veil
received as in Engiaud. The comments upon
its tone and developments of policy, which
have come very generally from the press, aro
of a friendly and appreciative nature, and in
dicate, so !ar as the press of Fiance can indi
cate anything, a conciliatory and fair spirit.
The principal point in the message which af
fected the interests of Fiance in particular,
was tbai concerning the Monroe doctrine
Like the English journals upon the Anglo-
American question, the French show a most
laudable spirit ot amity. They follow the
toue of the diplomatic utterances of their for
eign minister stating that France wishes uoith
er the conquest nor the prolonged occupation
of Mexico, and showing the sain.' intention of
putting all the flame upou the shoulders Os
Maximilian. The similarity of expressed
opinion is doubtless due to to the censorship
which is exercised over the utterances of the
press iu France, but the significance of what
passes the ordeal is hereby increased.
It is generally said that the interpretation of
the Monroe doctrine embodied iu the message
contain nothing likely to change the amicable
relation between tha. government and that of
the United States, and that the position cf the
President is jus*, and tenable. Our moderation
in attaining from intervention iu European
afi'airs is mentioned, as a reason for letting ns
alone in cur conduct of afiaire on this continent.
There is no evidence of an approaching cor,diet
between our country and France on account cf
the Mexican business, judging from the ex-
pressions which we have now had from the
parties, both official and popular, upon both
side*. The throne of the usurping emperof of
: Mex : CO is tottering for want of financial sup
port, itjs said, and before long we trust to see
this bone of contention removed, and with it
all pretense for excitement^'about foreign
complications.
Another Radical Movement. —It will be
seen by the proceedings of the United States
Senate that the radicals in that body are de
termined that the negroes on the coast, who
hold lands under the orders issued by General
Sberman, shall retain possession of tho same
for three years. Tho order issued by General
Sherman Was a war order. The war being
over, that order and its provisions should no.w
be considered null and vdfdf. The power as
sumed by Congies? to give the negroes on
those lands the privilege of retaining them, is
unconstitutional. It is wrong. Congrees has no
more right'to legislate upon ans matters of
this kind in Georgia, than jt has to legislate
upon such matters in Ne v York or any other
State.
It should be the great‘a'm br our Rational
Legislators to heal the wounds caused by the
war, instead of tearing them open afreeh ; to
remove all causes of irritation, instead oi
adding to them. When sucb a course is adop
ted, wo shall’ witness ,an era of prosperity
never before enjoyed by any nation. Until
that time arrives, we shall be in a /continual
turmoil and excitement—a Condition highly
injurious tetany nutiou ami destructive to its
best interests and its growth.
Wocl and DoG3.—The Ohio Wool Grower’s
Association recommend that the attention of
Congress be directed to the necessity of en
couraging the raising of wool as much as it
does the manufacturing of that article. There
is a marked difference in our tariff iij this re
spect. Manufactured cloths pay a high duty,
so much so that notwithstanding the complaint
that it is not yet sufficiently high,, wool manu
facturers have flourished. But upon some
kiousof wool the duty is not sufficient to
keep out the foreign article, or to- enable the
American wool grower to ennpete with it Tills
is a matter of much importance, as the wool in
terest deserves the full support of.the Gov
ernment and of the people.
The same Convention recommended that a
heavy tax shall bo placed by the Government
on dogs. The latter are enemies of the shep*
herd and his Hocks. They kill a large number
of sheep annually,and the destruction is a loss
to sheep raisers and to the public. The im
position of a heavy tax upon this luxury of
dog ownership, and placing the canine interest
upon an equality with the whiskey aud tobac
co in the tax list, would either procure a hand
some addition to the national revenues or
cause the destruction of a raco of worthless
curs. From either disposition of the question
gcua win come. It mere are fewer dogs mci«
will be more sheep, more wool, more meat,
and more clothing at reduced prices.
Tub Reconstruction Committee, at) reports
to the contrary notwithstanding, have as yet
dononothing but organize aud discuss the vari
ous methods of the work intrusted to them
Tney want leave to send for persons and pa
pers, and a resolution grauting it has passed
the*Senate, and will probably be taken up in
the House. They will then ask the appropria
tion to meet the current expenses. Whether
they will askJeave to send a sub-committee
through the South is not settled.
A Washington dispatch says “they will soon
begin to take evidence.” Evidence of what?
Certainly no sano man or body of men could
desire further evidence of loyalty on the part
ot the people of the South. The residents ‘of
the States lately arrayed against the General
Government have done all that the Constitu
tion demands of them and more. Surely no
committee which believes in supporting tbe
provisions of that document ought to ask furth
tker evidence, or desire more pledges of loyal
ly.
No one as yet can surmise the course the
Reconstruction Committee will pursue. A tew
days will develop their plans.
Emigration South.—’ The New York papery
state that there are at present several agents
iu that city from tire South, who are endeavor
ing to turn the tide of emigration in this diroc
tiou. The poor and destitute aro furnished
with a free passage.
The Southern agents hops to divert emigration
and travel from the West to the Souih, on ac
count of the high rates of fare on the Western
raili-oads, which, it soem3, were raised to the
present high standard during the late war.—
The poorer classes of the emigrants are un-,
able to pay these high rates. Quite a number
of Germans—mechanics, artisans, waiters,
no., — have recently gone from New York to
New Orleans. Theemigratmn to the South
has only just been commenced, and, by the
aid of the above mentioned Southern emigra
tion scheme, is expected soon to increase.
Ftatb Legislation.— We trust onr Legisla
ture in endeavoring to guard the peo eot the
State against what they, term “wild cat” pro
jects, will not make such laws as will tend to
keep the capitalist and manufacturer from
coming hither with their money and enterprise
and build up large and flourishing cities incur
commonwealth. In all their legislation they
should boar in mind that we are now living
under anew order of things, and that it should
be one great aim of legistive bodies to make
laws that will induce men of means to come
into onr midst and settle among us.
Their Consistency.— An application of a
! colored girl for admission to the High School
! in Troy, N. Y., which was refused by the prin
-1 cipal, was taken to the Supreme Court, where
! it was recently decided against the applicant,
i This little act shows the consistency ot the
Northerners. They want the South to not only
allow the negroes to go to schools with whites,
bat tfcoy desire to have them allowed to say
i who shall rule over the whites. The incoasis
cncy of the negrophobists of tho North is be
coming more and more apparent.
Tub Augusta and Savannah Railroad.— lt
is expected that this road will be finished by
Feb nary 1. This is good news for travelers.
Where teiAix tue End Be ? — Never before
in the history ot tue world, were there enact
ed, ca the political stage, such scenes as are
witnessed in these latter days* To nations,
whose landmarks'have long since been remov
ed, aud 'Whose 'glory lives “ only in the minds
of intelligencies, or in the debris of their
femrer grandeur did the lates cast horo
scopes, darkened with di raster and loss of
nationality. They felt the iron yoko of ty
rauy; they staggered beneath the weight of
unjust taxation ; they gtitvedfor insult added-,
to injury; but, with all these, dire .and dread
ful as they are, they were spared tha more ex
cruciating torture of suspense.
Overcome, they were declared by the con
querer to have forfeited every, right. The
ddalpra&OU was uiieq^Hwaal—Clear l«3 ttte
noon day’s sun. Their relative status was
fixed—it admitted of no discussion. • They
knew exactly their position, and they *cted in
accordance therewith. Not so with us.
We believed ourselves aggrieved,„and wo es
sayed to put into practice a thing taught us
from tho cradio, Having voluntarily .and as a
-sovereignty, joined hands with her sister
States, tor the purpose of securing greater bar
mouy in Government, and its consequent
blessings, Georgia, iu our opinion, reserved
the right to withdraw that haud, whenever she
found the object of tho Confederation pervert
ed. The result was, the United States au-‘
thoritias resorted to coercive measures, in order
that the prinetp.e should not be tangibly, illus
trated. Thu resort was itself a challenge to
battle. We accepted, and for four years did
we oppose our breasts, to the leaden storm,
and thousands of cur noblest, bravest, aud
test were sacrificed upon tho altar of our
lailh. But though the issue was against us,
how did wo accept it ? Like a brave people,
unmurmingty.
The constituted authorities contended that
our’s had been a State of suspended animation;
therefore, upon the cardinal principle of the
indestructibility of States, we were regarded
as still retaining certain rights, disorganized
communities, a Provisional Governor was ap->
pointed over us, whose duty it was to lead us
back to tho pathway, whence we strayed,
elections were ordered ; conventions required
in their sovereign capacity to adopt a pro
posed amendment to the Constitution of the
couutry. Those were the acts of every
State Norih or South; and, yet, the strange
exhibition of a people, vested with the right to
exercise the prerogatives of a Slate, and, at tho
same time, declared to be non exists ut, is pre
sented to our view.
Strangest ot theories—this one finds zaal
ous advocates, among those who were
loudest iu their crie:—(they did nothing more)
—against what they called, the armed enemies
of Constitutional law and liberty. The very
instrument and the very creature for whose
safety they were so deeply interested, are now
lieino 1 trammed under font, are stranded to
death by them. Torn and mangled the coun- ’
try, bleeding at every pocp, has her wounds
constantly Laid barb and irritated by these
fanatics. They plunge thoir darts, poisoned
with injustice, to her vitals.
She calls for assistance, but there are none
to help her.
The pains of this suspense—how cruel! The
inconvenience of our situation; how almost in
supportable ! And shall there iadeed, be an
end to these things ?
All the Soulli now desires; all that she now
asks ter, is simply the rights guaranteed to
her by the Constitution.
Chief Justice Chase an# Defaulter Ketch
um.—One of the most singular of tbe many
singular things that happen now- a-days, is the
the signing by Chief Justice Chase of the peti
tion for the paUlon of Ketchura The Spring
field Republican, a loading organ of the con
servative Republicans, remarks thu3 on the
matter ;
“ It is a singular thing for a Judge of the
Supreme Court of the United States to come
down from his high position to ask that the
sentence of a State court against a confessed
criminal shall be annulled before its enforce
ment has commenced. If Katchum hai stolen
five dollars, instead oi five millions, should we
have seen the Chief Justice of the United
States begging for his pardon ? And what
security does the law give for life or property
if all the great criminals are to be paidoned.
The Republican forgets one tiling. Our
Chief Justicb is an aspiring man. He has
had his eju on theT’residential chair for some
time,' Every movement he makes on the po
litical board shows that he intends to ;get
there—if he c&u. . The Ketcbum family ia a
wealthy, prominent family. It has a great in
fluence, with its friends in conventions. Some
people may think Judges arc above all in
fluence from the masses. There is a difference
of opinion on this subject, however. When
tho fact is known that Mr. Chase is a candi
date for the next Presidency, his course will
not seem sc strange after all.
New Enterprises. —lt affords us pleasure to
notice that our people iu many sections are
embarking in enterprises which will result in
much good to the public. Iu many of these
projects, Charleston is taking the lead. This
shows that her citizens are fully awake to
what Is needed to make the South •prosperous.
We perceive that two new steamship lines
have lately been established from that place
—one to New Orleans and the other -to Balti
more. We hope they wilt p _ ovo profitable in
vestments to the stockholders.
In the selecting of agents both companies
have been fortunate. Both having appointed
Messrs. Wiliis & Chisolm, of Charleston, to aot
in that capacity. The members of this house
are active and energetic, bssides being very
popular. No better selection could have been
made.
Rich Proceedings.— According to the con
fiscation law of the United States those parties
who informed in regard to property owned by
persons living in the South during the war,
had half of the proceeds. In the case of Gan.
Mercer, U. S. Attorney Smith r fused to enter
judgment unless his clerk was paid for his ser
vices by informer Mudgptt, half what he obtain
ed. By this means Smith put 115,000 in his
pocket. Mudgeit has now sued him for that
amount. This certainly is a rich case of cor
ruption, and show; how soma officials have
become wealthy during the war. Such cases
should be thoroughly vent!bated - _
The Kind or Mbs’ Needed —What the South
now wants is enterprising men. Men who will
devise prejr cts which will benefit the whole
community, and carry them out. Men of pub
lic.spiiit in every sense of the word.
We have been led to mike these few re
marks by noticing an article in the Charleston
Scmth 'Carolinian, iu which mention ia made cf
the go-ahead'business energy of our worthy
fellow townsman, Major E. Willis. The Major
,i|PE6 of those moving men who isi an acquisi
q|m to any recti on. He dees not tit down for
btkinsss to come to him’but stirs about and is
continually employed at something. Here is a
notice of one of his late projects in Charles
ton :
■vTub Atlantic Wharves —We have already
to generft! t-s-voo ot tha largo public
well as private interests involved in the recent
lease by Messrs Archibald Getty and Major Ed.
Willis, of these most valuable wharves and
docks, called the Atlantic. They comprise
what is called the North aud South Atlantic
wharves ; but this designation hardly conveys
a sufficient, idea of their great uses and the re
sources which they command. Wjlh four
pr ominent piers, extensive and excellent sheds
and eight magnificent warehouses, of the most
substantial character, they precent a body of
mercantile agencies hardly to be Surpassed cr
even tquailed in this city or any other. We
are to consider such resources in connection
with tire grand tchemes entertained by their
pieeent proprietors, of steam lines, which are
to skirt the entire coast from Philadelphia to
Nei# Orleans, including all the ports iu the in
tervening space, Charleston being prominent
in the list.
We need not say how greatly depend
ent tha one interest is upon the other, how
naturally they must work together, and hew
greatly, they will naturally contribute to the
growth, increase and prosperity of our State
and city. To the old residents and merchants
ot Charleston it is scarcely necessary to say
anything of ihe vast amount of business for
merly dono on these wharves, and of the sev
eral enterprises with which they have been in
past times, and must be in future times identi
fied. We have only to add that the wharves,
the warehouses, offices, etc, are now undergo
ing repairs aud wilt shortly be put in com
plete ord >r for the prosecution of the large
business which they ace expected to command.
We assume, as so much iaw, that tho energy,
enterprise, hearty courage, endeavor and capi
tal which are now at work on these objects
cannot but result in the most beneficial in
crease of our local and general prosperity.
Death by Coal Gas. vVj have seen in the
newspapers of other cities three recent- cases
of suffication by [coal gas—one ia New York,
another in Chicago, and tbe third in a town in
New England. One cf these was caused by
the stopping up of a chimney flue ; but the
other two were caused by ignorance or care,-
lessness on the part of the poor sufferers
themselves. On this subject the Philadelpha
Lodger remarks :
People who sleep in rooms where coal fires
are burning, either in stoves or grates, should
take care that tho draft, is not so shut off as to
prevent tho gas from passing off through the
chimney. Where it is so shut off, the gas
must escape into the room, where it must be
breathed into the luugs of the sleeping occu
panto, and death or terrible illness is the con
scqueDce.
These accidents would not be so deadly in
their effects, but for Ibe fact that, in nearly
all fatal cases from coal gas being allowed to
escape into the room, there is also an absence
of all usual means cf obtaining fresh air.
Doors and windows are shut up close, and
every crack or crevice that would “let in the
cold” is tightly sealed. This keeping out cf
"every bit of cold” also keeps out that con
stant supply of tresh air, so indispensable to
the healthy action of the lungs. Every time
a supply of air is taken into the lungs, it is
deprived ot its vital part, the oxygen before
it is breathed out again ; and when it ia out
it is no more fit to .fee taken into the lungs
again than so much poison. Air which has
net been deprived ot its oxygen must be con
stantly supplied, cr the lungs cannot perform
their office ; and that fresh supply cannot be
gotunless some opening is left for ventilla
tioa. Some way must be left for fresh air to
get into rooms, or the persons inhaling the
foul atmosphere are sure to sicken or die.
Important to Raiiroad Companies.— The
following [important letter has been promulga
ted by the Internal Revenue Bureau :
“ January 2, 1866.
“Sir —Your recent letter, directed to the
Secretary of the Treasury, has been referred to
this office for reply.
“You allude to the decision of Chief Justice
Chase, which'you understand to bo at variance
with the rule of this office, requiring railroad
compahioa to deduct and jvitliold fi»m ail
payments ou account of any interest ot corn
pone o * o the duty of five per
centum/’ without regard to the fact whether
the claKn for payment is .made by or en behalf
of ron-yesident foreigners or by residents and
citiasns; and you inquire whether that rule is
to he modified in view of such decision.
“In reply, I have to say that it has hereto
fore been the practice of this office to alter
or nodify its rales only .after being convinced
of an impropriety, or in consequence of an
advtrse decision by the court of final resort.
’“'With the greatest respect, therefore, for
the Opinion of the Chief Justice, I deem it my
dutj to inform you that the rule or direction
of tiis office to which you refer, and which has
received the approval of my predecessors, will
Ce your guide until such final adverse decision,
or until you aro otherwise advised from this
office.
“I write this alter consultation with the Sec
retary of the Treasury. It is needless to say
that the instructions from this office upon this
subject will be uniform.
Very respectfully,
“E A. Rollins, Commissioners.
“Marcellus Massey Vice President,
“15J Broadway, New York.
The decision oi Chief Justice Chase referred
to was we presume, one rendered in the United
States Circuit Court, and which may, therefore,
ooute, by way of appeal or writ of error, before
the court of final resort, the United States Su
premo Court.
Biokcn National Banks. —The following
comnunication from the Deputy Comptroller
of tie Currency has been handed the Charles
ton Courier by the President of the People’s
National Bank of that city to whom it was ad
dressed. Its perusal will remove the un
ertaiaty which ha3 prevail ed with the public
with regard to the reports recently published
in reference to the failure of certain National
Banks:
Treasury Department, V
Office of Comptroller of tiie Currency, ,-
Washington January 8, 1866 )
Dear Sir: —Your litter af the 2d inst. is re
ceived. In reply to your request for a list of
broken National Banks, I have to inform you
that “Tho First National Bank of Attica,’’
is the cniy National Bank that has failed un
der the National eystern. Capital $50,000,
circulation s4s,ooo,receivable by all National
Banks in the United .States at par, and re
deemable in lawfnl money upon presentation
at the Treasury r.f the United States.
Very respectfully,
H. R. lluLuutfD, Dep, Comptroller.
D L McKay, Esq., President People’s National
Bank, Charleston, S. C.
VOL. LXXV.—-NEW SERIES VOL. XXV NO. 6.
Georgia jLegislatute
SENATE
Wednesday, January 17.
The annexed bills were introduced; to In
corporate the mining manufacturing and sm
provment company; to repeal so much of the
read laws as requires old men and boys to
woik on public roads; to alter and amend the
law relative to the liability of tenants; t;
allow ail persons residents in this State,avho
have been maimed in the late war, to peddle
and vend goods, wares aud merchandize, in
any county in this State, under certain re
strictions; to alter »nd amend, and regulate
the laws of interest upon money, atii to
establish conventional iates of interest,making
lawful interest seven per cent.
The resolution of Mr. Casey, introduced yes
terday, requesting the withdrawal of the mili
fca?y, eic., was relented to the Committee on
the state ot ths Kdpnbuc
A seat on the floor of the Senate was tender
ed to ex-Provisional Governor Johnson duriDg
his stay at the capita!.
Tho two Committees on tho Judiciary were
constituted a Joint Committee, for the purpose
of considering tho Fretdmen’s Code reported
by the Commissioners. . ‘
The annexed resolutions were- passed : te
questing cf tho U S authorities the revocation
of tho order authorizing the seizure of stock
branded U. S or OS; instructing ike Com
mit-tee on Education, to taka into considera
tion the utility and practicability of reviving a
system- of common school education, with
leave to report by bill cr otherwise.
HOUSE,
Wednesday January 17.
The annexed bills were introduced : to in
corporate the American Insurance Company ;
to change the time for koldiug Inferior Courts;
to amend the act incorporating the town of
Weston in Webster county ; to change the line
between Union and Towu3 ; to facilitate trials
against tenants bolding over and against in
truders ; to incorporate the Empire State Man
ufacturing Company of Newton county ; to in
corporate the town of Steadman in Newton
county ;to repeal 1847th section of the Code ;
toamendtho charter of the town of George
town ; to organize anew judicial ciicuit of the
counties of L'ooiy, Pulaski, Wilcox, Irwin, Cos
fe9, Telfair and Lawrence to be called Oconee
circuit ; to legalize marriages between first
cousins who have married sines December 11th,
1863 ; to allow the redemption cf lands on
which taxes are due, by paying tho taxes due
and costs, with the legal rate of interest on the
same ; for the relief of the 0 >1 ambus Building
and Loan Association and ot the Muscogee
Building and Loan Association ; to incorpo
rate Union Academy, in Meriwether county ;
to amenu the Act incorporating tho Auraria
Hose Mining Company ; to authorize tho col
lection of an extra tax in Lumpkin ciunty to
build a jail ; for the relief of Trustees ; to in
corporate tne town of Wrightsvili.e, in Johnson
county ; to amend Section 3791 of the Code-;
to allo w the cotporators of Houston Factory to
issue change bills ; for the relief of wounded
and maimed soldiers, anti for the relief of
widows and orphans of deceased soldiers ; to
incorporate the McCiusky Gold Mining Com
pany ; to fix the term of office and salaries of
Judges of Supreme Court; to appropriate $15,-
000 for the cup-port of the State University ;
to make it penal for any c inductor, officer, or
other employee cf any railroaddacharge more
for passage or Height than is allowed by their
charters ; to admit parol testimony in con
struction o f wills made between January 1,
186], and January 1, 1805 } to inc operate tho
New Era Mining and Manufacturing Company;
fertile relief ot Isaac llaidcram • to change
the lino between Dougherty and Wqrth ;to
reduce the bond of the sheriff of Foisyth coun
ty, from $20,000 to SIO,OOO ; to amend section
4597 of the Code; to compensate certain officers
for administering the amnesty oath in Forsyth
county—it appears that this oath was adminis
tered to 1914 persons in that county, the
amount of compensation is $574,20 ; to exempt
from levy and sale property in this State for
the year 1860 ;to authorize Jobr H. Owen, of
Forsyth county, to practice medicine and
charge for the same ; to alter the lines of the
counties of Payette and Qlayton ; to authorize
Riley Johnson, a permanently disabled soldier
of Clinch county, to vend spirituous liquors for
five years; to abolish the office af Adjutant and
Inspector General of the State ; to abolish the
offices of Clerk in the offices of tho Comptroller
General ana State Treasurer ; to fix the salaries
of Judges Os tbe Inferior and Supreme Courts
to provide for the election ot joint commission
ers in the town of Ringgold in certain cases ;
to alter the county lines ol the counties of Car
rol, Paulding aud P’ioyd ; for the relief of cer
tain persons in Clayton coun y—.divorce case;
to fix tho Sheriff's bond of Clay coun
ty, at SIO,OOO ; to allow the legal
partners of Ordinaries to practice law ;
to define ilie duties of Coroners, and to fix
their fees ; to authorize the appointment of
Vendue Master in the several incorporated
towns of this State—-it allows each incorpora
ted town cr city to appoint as many as it may
think proper ; to secure the rights of persons
manufacturing and bottloing mineral water,
beer, ale. porter, &c ; ter the relief of
administrators in certain cases : to pay
the Commissioners for the Freedmen’s
Code ; to provide for the hiring out of colored
persons for debt; to incorporate the Okefenekeo
Lind Company; to incorporate the Macon
Canal and Water Work.-; to fix the tees of
county officers; to permit Duncan Price to ped
dle in any of the counties of this State; to
change the line between Biker aud Early
counties; to alter section.332o; Art. 1, chapter
5 of the Code; to prevent the formation cf
companies, with fictitious capifri, aud to check
the growth of “wild cats;” to amend section
3320 of the Code of Georgia ; to amend section
3478 of the Code ; to amend the charter of the
city of Columbus.
The annexed resolutions were passed : a
resolution, (same us Casey’s in the. Senate(
requesting the withdrawal of U. S. troops,
surrendar-of private property to owners, and
a restoration of the privilege of the writ of
habeas corpus. - > ■
A resolution that the-question on constitu
tionality of a bill shall be raised by any
member on its first reading.
A resolution of the Senate, consoHdaung
tbe two committees on the Jndteiary for a
special purpose was, concurred in.
KENAIE.
Thursday January 18.
Mr. Carey offered the following resolution
which wa? adopted :
Whereas, The State of Georgia hat by sol
emn Convention, as well as by Legislative ac
tion, accepted in good faith the issues of the
war ; and whereas, a condition incident to tbi ■
state of things by the conversion of slave into
free labor has thrown into the market a com
peti’ion of labor ; and whereas, recognizing tho
right of thefreedman of_ color to make his own
contracts, and toiioid the other bound to the
faithful performance of bi3 portion of the
contract, and having thrown open to bim the
Courts of the State.esa protection ; therefore.
by the Senate and House or Rep
resentatives ot Georgia, in General Assembly
m-jtjWfhat from and after the passage of this
resolution , until otherwise provided ior by
law. all contracts as c or be to made be.ween
the white man and the freedmen. semi bi he and
good and binding on both parties, accord.ng to
the grants and specifications therem provided.
Two hundred copic3 ot the
Cods were to be printed ior the me es tho
bills were offered : To locate
permanently, the lino between the counties of
Irwin and Wilcox ; to allow H. L. Craig, of
Wilcox county and others sinu at!} situated to
practice medicine; to amend the charter of the
Dalton and Jacksonville Railroad Company;
to bo entitled an set requiring the Solicitor
General of the State of Georgia to ncl. pros ;
certain criminal prosecutions; to -incorporate
tho Georgia Express Company ; to repeal cer
tain portions of the Macon & Western Railroad
charter ;to change the place of holding elec
tions in the county of Scriven.
The annexed bills wore passed: to estab
lish a seal to be used in the office ot „the Sec
retary of the State ; to authorize and empow -
er Judges of tho Superior Court to hold spe
cial terms for tho trial of criminals and other
persons ; to allow Cierks of the Superior and
Inferior Courts to practice law in any of the
Courts of this State of which they are not offi
cers—the bill was considered so as to require
such Clerks to bo first licensed to practice
law ;to incorporate Gazelle Fire Company
Fire Company No. 4, in Augusta ; to incor
porate Richmond Fi»o Company No. 7., in
Augusta bill to amend Charter of West
Point,
" HOUSE.
Thursday January 18.
The annexed bills were lost: to change the
line between Chevokao and Pickens ; to ap
point Trustees for Knoxville camp grouud ;
for the relief Os Andrew J. Dougherty ; to al
low W Johnson, of II rralson to practice medi
cine and charge for ihe same ;
The annexed bills were referred : to amend
road lows so far as refers to county of Berrien;
for relief debtors; for relief of indigent sol
diers and families in Dooly comity;
The annexed bills were passed : to extend
the limits of the town of Forsyth, ia Momoe
county ; to authorize the Phoenix Building and
Loan Association of Sevannsh to resumo
business; to legalize the issue of bills and
bonds by the Mayor and Council of Atlanta ;
to alter and amend the act incorporating the
town of Quitman iu county.
The bili to repeal an aot changing the name
of Cass county was indefinitely postponed.
The bill to compensate Ordinaries and
Clerks of Superior Cnuvts'for administering the
amnesty oat'a—to be paid out of the State
Treasury, 30 Cent3 for each oath administered,
was laid on ihe table.
SENATE.
FRIDAY, JANUARY 19.
A motion to reconsider the incorporation
of Augusta Fire Companies was lost.
The committee on Penitentiary reported in
favor of abolishing.the system.
The Governor is r< quested to call upon the
Banks of the State to report their condition
within twelve days ; the returns to be sub
mitted to General Assembly.
A resolution to prosecute claims of the State
for its cotton captured by Federal army was
referred.
House resolution (same as Dr. Casey’s in
Senate) requesting if not the withdrawal of
U S a troops, their cocfiuemenfc to barracks,
foi ls, arsenals, &c , restoration of private prop
erty, and restoration of tbe privilege of the
writ of habeas corpus, was adopted.
HOUSE.
FRIDAY, JANUARY 19.
The appointing of Trustees for Kuoxville
Camp Ground, and the action of the House ou
the report of the Committee on rthe Peniten
tiary were reconsidered.
The annexed bills were introduced: to com
pensate the commissioners who reported the
code for the government of the freedmen; to
authorize the Inferior Court of Dawson county,
t»> levy an extra tax to build a jail; to reduce
the bond of the Sheriff of Dooly county; to
authorize the Inferior Court of Early county,
to levy an extra tax to pay for provisions
heretoiore purchased for families of indigent
soldiers and to prevent the spread of small
pox; to change the time of holding Superior
Court in Banks county; for the relief of Mar
tha A. Lester, of Fulton county; to authorize
Inferior Courts to draw juries in certain cases;
to create anew Judicial Circuit, to be called
the Northeastern Circuit; to change the lines
between Neivton and Jasper; to authorize the
Inferior courts of the several counties in this
Stale to lovy an extra tax for the support of
indigent, disabled and their families;
requiring owners of wild lands to give in and
pay tax on the same in the county where the
laud lies; for the reiief of Mrs. Antoinetta
But’er, of Meriwhether county; to add Clinch
and Decatur counties to the Southern District;
providing how the 6th Section, 2nJ Article of
the State Constitution shall be carried out; to
declare valid all the acts of Deputy Clerks
of the Superior and Inferior Courts of this
State; for the relief of T. W. Fleming of
Richmond county; to authorize the Inferior
Court ot Twiggy county, to borrow money to
pay the indebtedness of said county; to make
all persons renting lands and houses to Freed
rnen responsible for fall debts and liabilities
contracted by said Freedmen for improve
ments made on said lauds and houses; to re
peal an Act increasing tho per diem pay "of
tho teachers of poor children, to revise and fix
the fees of ordinaries, to repeal an Act fixing
the salaries of certain officers in this State ; to
prescribe the oath to be administered to
jurors in the Ccurts of this State; to repeal an
Act assented to March 7th, 1865, as to the
mode of electing Aldermen in the city of Mil
ledgeville; to authorize Attorneys, Sheriffs
and Notaries Public to administer oaths; to
amend the Act incorporating the Merchants
Insurance Company of Columbus, change
the name of said company; to authorize the
payment of certain claims against the VV. and
A, ii. R ; to exempt the members of the Mer
chants and Mechanics Fire Company of Mil
ledgeville, from road and jury duty; aresoliM*
tion invitbig Hon. A. H. Stepheus to address
the Legislature on of the country.
The annexed hills were laid on table ; to re
peal section 1,988 of the Cole ; to authorize
Constables and Sheriffs to serve processes in
certain cases, in other words, to cross District
and county lines in discharge of official duties ;
to repeal 2,013 th section of the Code, and en
act a section in lieu thereof; to amend the
53) st and 13721 Sections oi tho Code.
The annexed bills were lost : to authorize
persons unable to work, to retail ardent spir
: its and peddle without license ; to authorize
James M Hamilton to practice inediciue ; to
require all contracts for rent of real estate to
be iu writing.
The annexed bills wore passed : to declare
the oath to be administered to voters in this
Slate ; to amend section 3.452 of the Code : to
repeal an act amendatory of section 2,480 th of
the Code ; to amend 3,188 ch and 3,189 th sec
tions of the Code ; for the relief oi the Savan
nah Mutual Loan Association; to appoint
Trustees for Knoxville Camp Ground.
KENATE.
Sattedat, January 20.
The annexed bills were introduced : to pun
ish seducers with death ; to prevent the mar
riage? cf white and colored persons ; to au
thorize John G. Park to build a mill on the
reserved land of the State at Indian Springs ;
to au horlze the - Superior Courts to appoint
suitable persons to perform the marriage cere
mony between persons of color ; for the relief
of John Long and other? of Carroll county ;
for the relief of Arthur Huchinson of Camp
bell county ; for the prevention of vagrancy.
A resolution was introduced that the com
mittee on Freedmen be directed to report by
bill, or o’herwiso, what amendment of the
Patrol laws ueceScaiy in consequence of the
emancipation of the colored people.
The annexed bids were passed : to author
ize the rendition of certain decrees in equity
during vacation and to legaliz? certain decrees
already rendered; to chauge the time for the
drawing of juries by tha Inferior courts and to
legalize t : ie no ding of certain Superior courts;
to alter the line between Worth a*rd Irwin
counties.
The House resolution requesting of the
President of the United States the restora
tion to their owners of lands on the Islands off
the coast of G o r gia, and other lands, was
agreed to. .
jSSA Committee was appointed to take into