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cheapest publication in the country.
The If»f i;k Fairly Madb. —Since t&o com->
mencenrent of the present Congressional ses
sion, harmonizing has been the grand theme,
and reconstuction the ultimate object. The
“wiso men of the East’’ inaugurated the great
movement, and set the wheels in motion, only
to clog them by the action of tho Committee of
sixteen- property of Mr. Iliad. Stevens. The
battles just closed were fought for the
restoration of the Union. The attempted se
cession of tho South threatened the destruc
tion of the Government. By her withdrawal,
ill’, such), was it dismembered. Ihe result of tho
war was the suppression of the revolution, and
tho object of the war was immediately ac
complished upon the ejnsuramation of that
end. Unable longer to resist, the South
threw down her arms, accepted the terms
prolFered her, and plighted anew her alle
giance to the United Statos.
The theory of President Lincoln and his
advisers, as soon as the war was end
ed, and Ihe authority of the Government es
tablished and acknowledged at the South, the
Union viper necessitate rei, restored.
There are those who view the question from
n different stand point. The parties are two,
and their views are antagonistic. Thad.
Stevens in the House, and Charles Sumner,
In the Senate, stand with their heels upon the
Constitution, and declare that, its provisions
shall not bo cariied iuto effect. President
.Johnson seeks Its rescue , and would again
unroll it before the eyes of the masses, that
all may riad and know what is written of and
for them in the Great Charta of American
Liberty. And what is the consequence ? A
struggle—constantly becoming more jaDd
more fearful.
The twenty second of February sprung the
question, and now the issuo is fully made up.
The champion cl the constitution and the law;
the zvUous defender of the rights of the people,
demands that they shall no longer bo imposed
upon; while tho usurpers, men crazed with
power, oontinne the work of disintegration—
feigning for excuse tho miserable falsehood
and slander, “that we of the South are disloy
al; not worthy the exorcise of our just rights/’
President Johnson’s speech is characteristic
of the man. It possesses all tho frankness of
truth; evinces all tho independence of a mind
settled iu its convictions of justice and right;
breathes the spirit of fearlessness, and exhib
its tho author as a man of eerve, who, know
ing his duty, dare perform it. The day of de
liverauce from painful, unjust suspense and de
nial of political rights, is about to dawn upon
us. The darkness may last a while longer, but
the morning will not tarry always.
Lot us sustain tho President and tho conserv
atives of the North, to the extent of our ability.
By our words, let us supply him with argu
ments, by which to confnse our enemies. By
our acts, let us belie their statements, aud
prove the opiuiou of the President in regard
to ourselves to be well-founded. Patience,
and the victory is our’s.
Ciikkrino. —Admiring his intellectual capac
ity, before the war, wo constantly regarded
lleury Ward Beecher as the very incarnation
of political evil; because we theu*thougbt that
bis uttftances came with a badgrace from out
the clerical robes he wore—calculated as they
were to stir up sectional strife, and.to uproot
the very foundations of the Government and of
ociety. That opinion is of the past, unchang
ed. Henry Ward Beecher did as much to bring
about the present state of affairs asjany man
living or dead. Withal, there is a species of
honesty about the man-,; for as soon as the war
en ded, and slavery was declared extinct, Mr.
Beecher adopted and gave expression to con
views. Indeed, he as'abandoned
so far is doctrine is concerned, the party with
which he has heretofore acted. He declares for
amnesty to all; for representation to the State
their Constitutional light. This is jrtst the
reverse of what we expected. We inclined to
the opinion that he would be ot the hanging
quartering persuasion. We have been disap
pointed, and we rejoice, because Mr Beecher,
wields great iutluence over public opiniou at
the North, and views emanating from him.
similar to those expressed by Andrew Johnson
will obtain with many minds beyond the
sphere of the latter's influence.
lu a lecture recently delivered, Mr. Beecher
adverted to the President's veto of the Freed
man’s Bureau Bill, and expressed his *ense ot
the justness of the grounds taken by His Ex
celleucy. He thought that the rights'of the
freedmen could not be better secured tbau by
tbe contentment and prosperity of the Southern
States. Entering into a consideration of the
question of the States and the condition of the
South, Mr. Beecher said :
* 1 hold that the Southern States ought to be
reinstated as soon as possible consistent with
the public interest. Borne delay is necessary,
but it is an evil nevertheless. Quickness is a
thing to be desired, and delay a thing to be
deprecated. It may not be right to do it to*
day, it may not be best to do it to morrow, or
next week, but the obligation, the necessity to
delay, is ju3t so far an evil. I hold- that it is
.better, if we could do it, that these States
should be brought in to-morrow. Allow me to
say that I cannot go either with the President
nor Congress. He would bring them all in
at once ; they mean to keep them all out at
once. I would let in a part aed let the rest
wait and see how they liked it. There is, no
doubf, great stumbling on this point. It is
said, ‘-If we let in Tennessee that principle
will let in all the rest.” I like to see men
found their actions on good principles ; but
there is such a thing,as idolatry of principle.
I would let in Tennessee, Alabama, and Geor
gia, and when SouthaCarolina asks why she
alto was not admitted, I would reply, “Well,
jußt. because I thiuk Tennessee, Alabama and
Georgia will do beet, in the Union, and that
you will do best outside, for a time at least.”
A little common sense on this point would be
be very advantageous.
But it is said we must keep the States out
till we have guaranties in regard to the heed
men, to slavery, to the payment of the nation
al debt, to secession and rebellion. Well, as
to secession and rebellion, I don’t think there
is much probability that the South will again
go wiong on these points. As to the freed
inen, is not the Constitution a guarantee for
them ? Is not the natural law of labor in the
regenerated industry of the South a sufficient
guarantee ? As to the public debt, the guaran
tee for that is a fact that the interests of all
the banks iu the Union are involved in the
maintenance of the narional credit We have
ample guarantees on every point forthe good
conduct cf the South. Besides, it is necessary
that we should establish local self-government
ail through the land. I hold it to be danger
ous to have power centralized.
After referring briefly to some of the evils
that must needs result from the centralization
of power he concluded with an eloquent ap
peal for tho restoration of peace between
North and South,- and for a Union cemented
not only by right and might, but also by mu
tual brotherhood and love.
Death cf Another of Our Citizens. —In
quick succession during the last few weeks,
several of our most intelligent and influential
citizens have passed away. Not many daye
havo elapsed & ce we were called upon to
mourn tho death of those most distinguished
in civil life, and now it becomes our duty to
chronicle the demise of one who was known
to our citizens from earliest infancy, and who,
as ho progressed in years, either as a school
boy, an aspirant for the honors of tho bar ; a
successful lawyer, and gallant officer —never
failed to command tho respect of strangers and
admiration of friends.
A melancholy hovers over our city; the
voice of mourning is heard in the family cir
clo, and sadness pervades tho counting room.
Death waves his black flag iu triumph over all
hat is mortal in Gen. John K. Jackson.
Gen. Jackson was born and reared in this
city. At an early age, he discovered most
promising powers of intellect. These he do*
volopcd and hard study, and
was soon a candidate for admission to
practice in the courts of this district. In
this particular vocation, the General was bet
ter known as being thoroughly conversant
with all the minutiev of of tho profession, than
on account of oratorio rl powers. Asa lawyer,
he was eminently fortunate,
For a number of years counseled with tho
Augusta Volunteer Battalion, Gen. Jackson
had won quite a reputation as a soldier and
officer ; and on the breaking out of the war.
was elected to the Colonelcy of tho First
Georgia Regiment. He remained iu com.
maud of the regimentfor a Tew months, when
he received a Brigadier’s commission.
His Brigade was attached to the Western
army, and distinguished itself on every oc
casion, when called into battle. The members
of “Jackson’s Brigade,” will bear with sad
hearts, ol tho death of thoir brave comman
der. He died at Milledgeville, of typhoid
pneumonia, Tusday moruiDg. Ilis remains,
will be brought to this city for interment, as
soon as possible.
Gen. Jackson was a gentleman of great
social worth, aud a public spirited citizen
whoso chief pride was the glory ot his country
His piace in our midst, can never be supplied.
He was about thirty-seven years of age.
Enterprises of all kinds, in Georgfa will be
behind tlicee of other States, as long as our
Legislature en loavors to carry out ideas origi
nated half a century since, aud which have
been out of date about that length of time.
Capitalists whenever they see a chance to make
money, are witling to invest a certain sum, aud
take the risks. If they make by the operation,
well and good; if they lose, they go into some
other scheme to try their luck agtin. But no
capitalist is going to embark in any enter
prise in a State whose laws make him respon
sible for two or throe times the amount of the
money he wishes to invest. Not only will
capitalists out of a State with such laws
seek investments elsewhere, .but oipitalists
residing iu the State will do likwise.
Tire groat manufacturing aud mining in
terest; of this Commonwealth, are this day
suffering— yes. are being killed, by carrowi
contracted laws and legislative acts 'Until
Georgia deals aa liberally with the capitalists
and with iueoperated compaoies as her sister
States, she cannot expect to compete with
them iu all those enterprises which tend to
make large , populous, and thriving villages
and cltus, and which develope these resources
which nothing but energy and capital can.
The less laws we have, upon capital and up
on ail projects when capital is needed to carry
them out, the better.
Lawlessness is Northern Mississippi.—lt is
mw aseertaiuecMhat a regular organized bantlof
shieves has been formed between Tupelo, Mis
tlsslppi and Fort Pillow, on the plan of John
A Murrell’s gang, which existed all through
the Southern conutry several years ago. They
have relay posts every twelve miles, when
a horse is stolen at either of the line
he is tiddenjapidiy to the first post by one
rider, who procures another horse aud returns,
and is therefore never absent long enough to
create suspicion as to himself in the neighbor
hood from which the horse is stolen. One of
the gang at the next post takes the stolen
horse on to the stand beyond, and so to the
end of the line, where he is sold, being suffi
ciently removed by this time from the vicinity
where he is known to avoid discovery.
AUGUSTA, GA„ WEDNESDAY MORNING, MARCH 7, 1866,
Gen'. Butler Compelled to Diegorgb the
$50,000 in Gold. —lt will be recollected that
among the many high handed acts of spolia
tion and confiscation which General Butler was
guilty of in his reign at New Orleans in 1862
and 1863, was his breaking open a bank vault
in that city and taking from it $50,000 in
gold, belonging, we believe, to the firm of
Smith & Brother, a sum which never found
its way, as it was alleged, into tho Treasury
Department, but remained in the capacious
pockets of the General. Time passed on,
and it so happened that the returned merchant
caught the General in New York two years
afterward, and instituted legal proceedings to
recover his treasure. After a severe litigation
in which Butler did hh boat to tiOtd on to the
coveted spoil, he was compelled to disgorge,
and pay over to Smith & Brother their
money It all his victims in New Orleans and
Virginia could bo equally successful, General
Butler would not now be in a condition to
purchase mill sites and go into the cotton
manufacturing business, which he is now do*
ing in Richmond, according to report.
Ex-Gov. Johnson’* Position. —lt having
been rumored that Ex-Goveinor Johnson had
requested that troops be sent to Columbus,
Ga., that gentleman stated to a committee ap
pointed by the Council of that city that ho had
not dene so ; that he regarded such a report
even unworthy of a denial. Ho also stated
that the records of the Executive Department
would show that he had used his best endeav
ors to have every shadow of military power—
treons, Frgedmen’s Bureau, and Treasury
Agents—removed from the State, and to have
civil law fully restored. He believed that he
and his neighbors could act just by their
former slaves and that the civil law,’was' suffi
ciently powerful to protect every man, both
white and black, in The possession of every
legal right.
It is said that Governor Johnson will visit
Washington to make suitable representations
of the lato lamentable affair in Columbus be
tween the citizens and the troops to the Presi
dent and the Secretary of War.
Tn» Chicaoo Tunnel. —At Chicago, on Lake
Michigan, a tunnel is in progress two miles in
length, under the Lake, for the purpose of
supplying thecity with pure water. Workmen
are engaged at the shore and outer end simul
taneously in pushing forward the work. By
ho first of October next, or by tho middle at
the latest, it is expected that the men working
at either end of the tunnel will meet each other.
The shore end of the tunnel now stretches ont
under the lake a distance of 5312 feet, 445 feet
over a milo, anu the crib end of the tunnel ex
tends shoreward a distance of 275 feet, making
a total of 5557 feet completed, and leaving on
ly three feet over 5000 feet to bo oompleted.
Though it will be finished in October, it will
not probaly be ready for nee till November, as
*4 will have to be cleansed out, and also time
be given for the masonry to become settled,
before the water can be let in.
The Homestead Bill and the Stay Law aie
two important measures. They effect
the vital interests of the citizens of this State.
And it is very strange that the “Consciipt
Fathers” at Milledgeville, should hesitate for
a moment about the propriety of passing some
good Ealutary laws on these two subjects.
Money is a scarce article, and the people
should have their loa la made as light as pos
sible. No one should be relieved from paying
his honest dues, he has the where
withal to pay ; but if matters can be made
easier for him by giving him a little longer
time to pay up, surely no one should, hesitate
in granting the indulgence—especially in
these (fays of trouble and pecuniary embar
rassment.
An Important Decision. The Supreme
Court at New Haven, Ct., has just decided an
interesting case involving fifty thousand dol
lars. Twenty-five years ago Charles J. Russ,
of Hartford, was appointed administrator of
the estate of his sister, Cornelia Buss. The
estate included a large number of shares in
the Hartford Fire Insurance Company, which
was appraised at five dollars per Bhare—their
full market value at that time. To close the
estate, Mr. Bu3s took the stock at the apprais -
ed value and sold it. W hen the stock became
valuable, an action was brought against the
heirs of Mr. Buss by the Lei is of his sister, and
an attempt was made to show that the sals of
the stock was invalid. But the court has de
cided that the sale was valid, and that Mr.
Buss acted properly and any intention
of fraud, in taking the stock at its appraised
and market value.
A Heavy Loss.—lt is stated that the South
ern Express Company suffered a loss of about
three hundred thousand dollars by the ex
plosion of tho steamer B. W. Carter, on the
Mississippi river. All claims against the t
Company by shippers have been promptly paid
and the corporation has made everything sat
isfactory to its patrons.
Here we have a fine illustration of the beni
fits to be derived from patronizing an old, well
established, and reliable Company. No new
concern could meet such a loss promptly, if
at all. The Southern Express Company in all
Us transactions has proved itself eminently
worthy of the public confilence reposed-in it.
Limbs for Maimed Soldiers—Gov. Worth,
of North Carolina, has issued the following
circular to all the sheriffs of the several coun
ties in the State :
Executive Office, !
Raleigh, N. C., February 5, ISbtL f
Sir : Ihe General Assembly has ordered
me to'supply ati artificial limb to every soldier
who lost his limb in the service of _ the State
in thelate war, which I understand is intended
to embrace every citizen of the State who lost
an arm or leg while in the military service of
the Confederate or State government. It is
necessary that I should know how many are to
be euppiied. I ask you, iu behalf of these
maimed men, to report to me at aa early day
how many such soldiers are in your county,
distinguishing those who hive lost a leg from
those who have lost an arm.
Jonathan Worth,
Gsvernor of North Carolina.
If a State sees fit to supply all who are
maimed with artificial iimbs, well and good
no one should object. But the least a State
can 'do in the matter, is tojlurn'sh her poor
maimed soldiers with the limbs they have lost
in the^service.
PnBSIDBNT JOHNSON’S gPEEOH.
At Washington, on the 221 inst., the Na
tional Monument Society held a meeting, ov6r
which President Johnson presided.
In taking the chair, be made allusion to
Washington’s Farewell Address, saying it con
tained the principle by which he saught to be
guided; and expressed the hope that all ’the'
States would continue their contributions, to
the structure, to be completed as art enduring
memorial to the restoration of all the States,
to their relations to the Government
He then elaborated his remarks as follows :
I say that when these States comply with
tho Constitution—when they havs given suffi
cient evidence cf their loyalty, and that thry
can be relied on—when they yield obedience
tO the law, I SOV. extend tn them tfejL.- right
hand of fsUoa%hip and let peaoe aacU«man be
' restored.
I fought traitors and treason in the South.
I opposed the Davis and Toombs, the Slidells
and a very long list of otheis, whose names I
need not repeat; and now, .when I turn round at
the other end of tho line, I find men—l care
not by what name you call them—[a voice,
call them traitors] who still stand opposed to
the restoration of thermion of .these States, and
I am free to say to you, that I am still for the
preservation of this compact—l am B‘ill lor
the restoration of this Union—l am still in
favor of this great Government of ours, living
and following out its destiny. [A voice, give
us the names ] A gentleman calls for their
names, well suppose I should give them. [A
voice, we knew them ] 1 look upon them, I
repeat it as President or citizen, as much op
posed to the fundamental principles of this
Government, and believe they are as mnch
laboring to prevent or destroy them as were
the men who fought against them. [A voice,
what are their Damfs ?] I eay Thadeus Steven?,
of Pennsylvania [tremendous applause]
Charles Sumner [great applause], Wendell
Phillips, and others of the fame stripe,
amongst them. [A voice, give it to Forney.]
Some geUeman says, give it Forney. I have
only just to say, 1 do not waste my ammunition
upon dead ducks. jLuughter and applause,]
I stand for my country ; I stanl for the Con
stitution, where I pla'ucd my feet from my en
trance into public life.' They mav traduce me,
they may slander, they may vituperate, bu't
let me say to you that it has np effect upon
me. [Cheers.] Let me say in addition that I
do not intend to be bullied by enemies. [Ap
plause and a cry; the people will sustain you.]
I know, my countrymen, it has been not only
insinuated, but raid directly, that the intima
tion has been given in high places that if such
a usurpation of power had been exercised two
hundred years ago, in a particular region, It
would nave cost a certain indidual his head.
What usurpation has Andrew Johnson been
guilty ol ? None ! None 1 The only ursurpa
tion I have been guilty of, was standing be
tween the people and tho encroachment of
power; and because I dared td say, in conver
sation with a fellow-citizan and a senator, that
I thought amendments to the Constitution
ought not to be too frequently made—that it
would lose all its dignity, and that the old in
strument would be lost sight of in a short
time; because I happened to say that if it was
amended, such and such amendments should
be adopted, that it was usurpation of power
♦hat would have cost a king his head at a cer
tain time. (Laughter and applause.) In con
nection with the subject it was maintained by
the same gentleman that we were in the midst
of an earthquake. That he trembled and could
not yield. (Laughter.) Yes, there is an earth
quake coming. There is a ground swell com
ing cf popular judgement and indignation.
(A voice, that’s true.) The American people
will speak by their interest, and rtrny will
know who are their friends arid who their
enemies. What positions have I held under
this Government, beeinning with an aider
man and running through all branches of the
Legislature. (A voice, from a tailor, up )
Some gentleman says I have been a tailor. —
(Tremendous applause.) Now, that did not
discomfit mo in the least, for when I used to be
a tailor I had the reputation of being a good
one and making close fils, (great lnughter J al
ways punctual with my customers, and always
did good work. (A voice, no patchwork.)—
No, I dont want any patchwork; I want a
whole suit, but 1 will pass by this little faceti
ousness, my friends. Some may say you are
President, and you must not talk about such
things, when principles are involved. My
eoßntrymen, when the existence of my coun
try is imperilled, I will act as I have on former
occasions, and speak what I think. 1 was say
ing that I had held nearly all positions from
alderman, through both branches of Congress,
to that which I now occupy, and who is there
that will say that Andrew Johnson ever made
a promise he did not fulfill. Who will say
that he ever acted otherwise than in fidelity to
the great mass of the people ?
They may talk about beheading and usur
pation, but when lam beheaded I want the
American people to witness it. I don’t want
bv inuendoes, by indiscreet remarks in high
places to see the man who has assassination
breeding in his bosom, exclaim this Presiden
tial obstacle must be gotten out of the way.
I make use of a very strong expression when
I say that I have no doubt the intention was to
incite assassination, and get out of the way[the
obstacle from place and power, whether by
assassination or not. There are individuals
iu this Government, l doubt not, who want] to
destroy our institutions and change Jhe charac
ter of the Government. Are they not satisfied
with the blood which has been shed ? Does
not the murder of Lincoln appease the von
gesnee and wrath of the opponents of the
Government? Are they still unstaked ? Do
they still want more b’.ood ? Have they not
got honor and courage enough to obtain their
objects otherwise than by the bands of the as
sassin ? No. No. lam not afraid of assas-
sins attacking me where a brave, courageous
man would attack another. I only dread him
when he would go in disguise, his footsteps
noiseless. If it is blood they want let thorn
hays> courage enough to strike like men. I
know they are willing to wound but they are
afraid to strike. [Applause.] If my blood is
to be shed because I vindicate the Union and
the preservation of this Government in its
original purity and chastity, let it be shed.—
Let an aitai to the Union be erected, and then,
if it is necessary, take me and lay me upon
it, and the blood that now warms and animates
my existence shall be poured out as a fit liba
tion to the Union of these States. [Great ap
plause] But let the opponents of this Gov
ernment remember that when it is fouud out,
the blood of the martyrs will be the seed of
the Church. [Cheers ] -
Gentlemen . lhe Union win grow. It will
continue to increase ia strength and power,
though it may be cemented and cleansed with
blood. .. T • , - ,
I have talked longer now than 1 intended
Let me thank you for the honor you have
done me. So far as this Government is con
cerned, let me pay one other word in refer
ence to the amendments to the Constitution
o- the United States. When I reached Wash- j
ington, for the purpose of being inaugurated
as Vice President of the United States. I had
a conversation with Mr. Lincoln, We were
talking about the condition of affairs, and in
reference to mailers in my own State. I said
that we had called a Convention and had
amended our Constitution by abolishing slave
ry in that State, a State not embraced in his
proclamation This met his approbation and
save him encouragement. And m talking
upon the amendment to the Constitution, he
said ; •
When the amen;ment to tueCouatitutlon is
adopedby three-loauhs of the States, we
shall have ail of pretty near all. I am m
favor of amending the Constitution, if there
was one other adopted
i Said I. What is that Mr. President.
Said he. I have labored to preset ve this
Union. 1 have tciied four year?. I have been
subjected to calumny and misrepresentation,
yet my great desire has been to preserve the
union of these States intact under the Constl
tion as they were beforo.
While the rebellion was going on the Con
stitution war, rolled up as a piece of parchment.
If it was violated in some particulars to save
the Government, there may have been some
excuse to justify it ; bat now that peace is
come and war is over, wo want a written Con
stitution ; and I eay the rime has come to take
the Constitution down, unroll it and under
s‘and its provis or.p. I come here to vindicate the
Constitution and to save it ; for it dees seem to
me that encroachment after encroachment i3
proposed. I stand to-day prepared, so far as
I can, to resist these encroachments upon the
Constitution and Government. I tell the op
*}»<» 1 care not from
what quarter thay couie, you-who are engaged
in the work of breaking up the Government
by amendments to the Constitution, that thh
principles of free government are deeply root
ed into the American beirt. All tho powers
combined. I care not of what character, can
not destroy that great instrument, the great
charter of freedom. They may seem to suc
ceed for a time but their attempts will be
futile. They may think now that it can be
done by a concurrent resolution, but when it
is submitted to the popular judgment and the
popular will, they wid find that they might as
well have undertaken to introduce a resolution
to repeal the laws of gravity as to keep this
Union from being restored. It is just about as
feasible to resist the great la it of gravitation,
which binds all to a common centre, ns that
great law which will bring back these States
to their regular relations with the Union.
I have detained you longer than I intended,
(A voice, go on.) We are iu a great.stiuggle.
lam your instrument. Who is there that I
have not toiled and labored for ? Where is
the man or woman, either in public or private
life, who lias not always received my atten
tion or time in proportion to egotism ? They
say that man Jobpeon is a lucky man, that no
man can defeat me. I will tell yru what
constitutes good luck. It is due to right and
being for the people. That is what constitutes
good luck. Some hour or other the people
will find out and understand who is for and
who is against them. I have been placed in
as many trying positions as any mortal was
ever placed in, but so iar I have rot deserteu
the people, and I believe they will not desert
me. What principle have I violated, and
what sentiment have I swerved frem 7 Can
they put their finger upon it? Have you
heard them point out any discrepancy ? Have
you heard them quote my predecessor, who
fell a martyr to his country’s cause, as going
in opposition or contradiction to what I have
done f The very policy which I am pursuing
now was pursued under his administration,
was being pursued by him when that ins'eruta
ble Providence saw fit to summon him, I trust,
to a bet'er world than this below. Is there
one principle adopted by him in reference to
this revolution, that I have departed from ?
None ! none !•
Ihe very policy that I am now pursuing was
pursued by me under his administration, I hav
ing beou appointed by him in a particular posi
tion for that purpose. An inscrutable Provi-’
denoe saw proper to remove him from this to,
I trust, a better world, and I came into his
place; and there is not a principle of his in re
ference to the restoration of the Union from
which I have departed. Then the war is not
simply upon me, but it is upon my predecessor.
I have tiled to do my duty. I know that some
are envious and jealous, and speak of the Whito
House as having attractions forthe President.
Let me say to you the charms of the White
House have as little influence upon me as upon
any individual in the country, and much less
tLJc»u upon (liuoo tvL \j arc tc*ik*ng rtl/UUlll. TJtlo
difference between the little that suffices my
stomach and back is more than enough, and
has no charms for me. Tho proud and con -
Selous satisfaction of having performed my duty
to my country, to my children, and to the inner
man, is all the reward I ask. [Great applause ]
In conclusion, let me ask this vast con
course hero to-day, this sea of upturned faces,
to come with me, or I will go with you and
stand around the Constitution of our country.
It is again unfolded. The people are invited
to read and understand, sustain and maintain
its provisions. Let us stand by the Constitu
tion of our forefathers. Though the heavens
fall ; though factions should rage; though
courts and juries may come ; though abuse
and vituperation may be found out iu the most
virulent form, I mean to be standing by. the*
Constitution, as the chief ark of our safety ;
as the palladium of cur civil and our reli
gious liberty. Yes, let us cling to it as the
mariner clings to the last plank when the
night and the tempest close around him. Let
us go away, forgetting the past and looking to
the future, resolved to endeavor to restore our
Government to its pristine purity, trusting in
Him who is on high, but who controls all
here below, that ere long our Union will be
restored, and that we sliall have peace, not
only with all the nations of the earth, but
peace and good will among all parts of the
United States. When your country is gone"
and you are about that place, look out and
you will find the humble individual who now
stands before you weepiDg over its fiual disso
tion.
But, said I, Mr. President, what amendmen
do you refer to? Ho said he thought there
should be an amendment added to the Consti
tution which would compel all tbe States to
send their senators and representatives to the
Congress of the Uuited States. Yes, compel
them. The idea was in his mind that it was a
part of tho doctrine of secession to break up the
Government by the States withdrawing their
senators and representatives from Congress;
and, therefore, he desired a constitutional amend
ment to compel thermic be sent. N° w i how,
does the matter stand in the Constitution ol the
country? Even that portion of it which pro
vides for the amendment of the organic laws,
ays that no State, without its consent, shall be
deprived of its representation in Congress
Now, what do we find? The position is taken
that the States shall not be represented—tha
we may impose taxes—that we may send our
tax gatherers to eveiy region aud portion of a
State —that the people are to bo oppressed with
taxes, and when they come here to participate
in the legislation ol the country, they are told;
You must pay your taxes, you must “bear the
burden of the Government, but you must not
participate in the legislation of the country
which is to affect you for all time. Is this just?
No, no. Then, I say, let us admit into the
councils of the nation those'wbo are unmistak
ably and unequivocally loyal, those men who
acknowledge their allegiance to the Govern
ment and swear to support the Const tution.
It is all embraced in that. The amplification
of an oath m&kes fio difference. If a man is
not loyal, you may adopt whatever test oath
you please to prove his loyalty.
A Prize Fight. —The Nashville Gazette con
tains an account of a prize fight, which took
place in Edgefieid, near that city February 19
between Edmund Nagle and -than Dunigan.
There were present about three hundred spec
tators to see these champions of the ring hum
mel each other. Tae fight was ;n accordance
with the rules of tbe pugilistic ring, for S2OO,
aside. At least SIO,OOO changed bands on
the result. The battle ended at the twelfth
round, and lasted only forty-five minutes.
Both men fought with tee fury of tigers, and
they were unable to keep their feet in the
ing. D.iaigan won the fight after the most
determined contest, he declaring that he would
win or die in the att. mpt.
The leading photoglap'h-is of the country
lare assembling in Nsw York, by agreement, to
urge upon Congress to reduce tbe rate of tax
ation upon tneir products. The principa
cities will be represented.
VOL. LXXV.—NEW SERIES VOL. XXV NO. 11.
Jefferson Davis not a Secessionist. —The
Indianapolis, InJ., Herald, publishes a letter
from Jefferson Davis to Wm.J. Brown, some
years ago editor of the Indianapolis Sentinel,
and a leading democratic politician of Indiana.
The letter is dated Washington, May 7, 1853,
and is remarkable tor strong expressions of
devotion to the Union. Mr. Davis wrote—
hirteen years ago—
“ The meeting of October, 1849, was a con
vention of delegates equally representing the
whig and democratic parties of Mississippi.
The resolutions were decisive as to the equali
ty ot right of the South with the North to the
territories acquired from Mexico, and proposed
a conventiou of the Southern people. I was
not a member, but, on invitation, addressed
convention. The succeeding legislature
instructed m«, « a Bon«<or, to assert Uria
tquality, and under existing circumstances,
to resist by all constitutional means the ad
mission of California as a State.
“At a called session «f the Legislature in
1850, a se’f-constituted committee called on
me, by letter, for my views. They were men
who had enacted or approved the resolutions
of the convention of 1849, and instructed me,
as a member of tho Legislature iu the regular
session, in the early part of the year 1850. To
them I replied that I adhered to the policy
they had indicated, and instructed me, in their
official capacity to pursue.
“I pointed out the mode in which their own
policy could, in my opinion,' be executed with
out bloodshed or disastrous convulsion,’ but
iu terms of bitter scorn alluded to such as
would insult me with a desire to destroy the
Union for which iny whole life proved mo to
boa devotee.
“Pardon the egotism in consideration of the
occasion, when I say to ypu that my father and
my uncles fought through the revolution of
1776, giving their youth, their blood, and their
little patrimony to the constitutional freedom
which I claim as my inheritance. Three of
my brothers fought m the war of 1812 ; two of
them were comrades of the hero of the Hermit
age, and received his commendation for gal
lantry at New Orleans, At sixteen years of
age I was given to the service of my country ;
for twelve years of my life I have borne its
arms and served it zsalously, if not well As
I feel the infirmities which suffering more than
ago has brought upon me, it would be a bitter
reflection indeed it' I was forced to conclude,
that my countrymen would hold all this light
when weighed against the empty panegyric
which a time-serviDg politician can bestow up
on the Union for which he never made a sacri
fice.
“In the Senate I announced that if any
respectable man would call me a disunionist
I would answer him in monosyllables. On
many occasions, in public speeches made in
Mississippi, I havo said, if any man would
come forward and charge me with a desire to
destroy the Union, I would cram the lie down
his throat. But I have often asserted the
right for which the battles of the revolution
were fought—the right of a people to change
their government whenever it was found to be
oppressive and subversive of the objects for
which governments are instituted—and have
Oonteuded for the independence and sover
eignty of the States, a part of the creed of
which Jefferson was the apostle, Madison the
expounder, and Jackson the consistent de
fender. Jefferson Davis.”
‘‘Note— No paity in Mississippi ever advo
cated disunion. They differed as to the mode
of securing their rights in tho Union, and on
the power of a state to secure—neither advo
cating the exercise of ihe power. “J. D.”
(Georgia Legislature.
HOUSE
Tuesday Afternoon, February 20.
The annexed bills were introduced: to
change the'line between Mitchell and Col
quit counties; to authorize tho county of
Randolph to issue bonds to raise money.
The annexed bills were passed : to author
ize the Inferior Court of Greece county, to
compel hands to work on the toads; to exempt
from street duty members of the Fire Compa
nies of Atlanta; to allow the inferior Court of
Pickens county to levy an extra tax for county
purposes; to legalize the proceedings of South
ern Stockholders of the Brunswick and Florida
Railroad Company, and to change the name of
said Railroad; to incorporate the city of Bruns
wick, to di flue it3 limits, and to provide for
the election of city officers; to incorporate the
city of Madison; to incorporate the Atlanta
Street Railroad Company.
SENATE.
Wednesday, February 21.
Mr, Moore from the Judiciary Committee,
submitted a report on the Freedmen’s Code,
and reported in lieu of said code the following
bills; A bill to fix the relations of Husband
and Wife between persons of color; A bill to
define the term “person of color;” A bill to
repeal section 285 of the Code except the sth
clause of said section, and to repeal Ist, 2d
and 31 clauses of section 28G of the Code; A
bill to transfer certain cases from the Inferior
Courts to the Couuly Courts.
The Special Order—the State’s Orphan’s
Home was'taken up. It provides for the ap
pointment of three Commissioners to select a
suitable place for the erection of suitable
buildings for tho purpose No place is desig
nated in the bill. The vote on the passage of
the bill was yeas 39; nays 00.
The next special order —tho resolution au
thorizing the appointment of Commissions to
select anew site for the Penitentiary was taken
up and passed. No locality mentioned in
the resolution.
The bill for the relief from personal liability
stockholders in Banks was taken up and after
some discussion was laid on the table for the
present.
The annexed bills were passod : to repeal
the acts requiring Cotton and Wool Factories
to publish the list of their stockholders; to al
low the Ordinary of Polk county io keep the
papers of his cflico in his own dwelling until
anew court house is built; to authorize an
extra tax for the county of Early; to appro
piiate $l5O for the repair and keeping in order
State House Clock; to allow Interior Courts to
fix jail fees tor dieting prisoners; to amend the
act incorporating the Skidaway Shell Itoad
Company; to change the name of the Milledge
ville Rail Road Company; to change the time
of holding superior court of Worth county.
HOUSE.
Wednesday, February 21.
A resolution wa3 adopted tha’ no new mat
ter be introduced after February 24 except by
a two-third vote.
The annexed bills were introduced : in cO'ps
to rate the town ot Springfield in Effingham
coun y;to a ter the time required for the record
of wiiiings ; to incorporate the North Georgia
Mining and Manufacturing Company ; author
izing the issue of county bonds in Bartow
county, to raise money for county purposes ;
to allow Cieiks of inferior and Superior Courts
to keep their offices more thin a mile from the
Court House ; to incorporate the Alabama
and Georgia Manufacturing Company ; to in
corporate the Chattahoochee Manufacturing
C irnpany ; to repeal section 1955 of the Code ;
to authorize the Superintendent of the Wes
tern and Atlantic Railroad to execute a bond
to pay the United States lor purchase for said
road.
A reso’ution wa3 introduced in relation to
the bonds and coupons of the State.
The special order—the bill to authorize the
Governor to raise money by the sale of bonds
—was re-reftned.
lhe annexed bills were passed : to incor
porate the Central Georgia Manufacturing
Company ; to incorporate Gate City Foundry,
Card Mach me Works ; to encourage and pro
tect the citizens of this State in the raising of
it ck ; to regulate the distribution of the com-
men school fund in Echols county ; to provide
for the appointment of superintendents of
bridges and roads in the several counties of the
State ; to amend section 3478 of the code ;
making it a misdemeanor to make two bills to
the same land ; to allow Sheriffs to make ar
rests out of their counties ; authorizing the
payment of money in Terrel county for sup
pression of small p:x ; to allow parties five
days to make writs cf ceutiorari ; to provide
for payment of teachers of poor children for the
year 1865 ; to appropriate money to bring up
reports of Supremo Court, and to employ D.
B Sanford, of Greene county, to do the same.
A bill to prevent persons from voting until
they take the amnesty oath was lost.
HOUSE.
Wednesday Afternoon, February 21.
The annexed bills were passed : to change
the time of bolding the Superior Courts of the
WoatArn Judicial Ctrouif; to incorporate the
Cherokee Mining and Manufacturing Com
pany; to incorporate 'the Blairsville Mining
and Manufacturing Company; to authorize the
Inferior Court of Greene county to levy an
oxtra tax; to incorporate the Chestatee River
Hydraulic and Hose Mining Company.
Bill to authorize J. J Kirkland, a disabled
soldier, to peddle without license; Lost 1
On motion of Mr. Smith, of Hancock, the
use of the Hall was tendered Hon. A. H. Ste
phens, Senator elect to the U. S. Congress, to
address the General Assembly.
SENATE.
Thursday, February 22.
After the reading of tho Journal, Mr. Stro
zier introduced the following, which was
agreed to :
The Senate of the State of Georgia do re
solve, That in honor of the anniversary of
the birth day of Washington, and in honor to
his comprehensive patriotism which embraced
his whole country and produced counsels of
wisdom, moderation, justice and universal
fraternity in the stormiest periods of her his
tory, the Senate do now adjourn till 10 o’dock
to morrow morning.
HOUSE.
Thursday, February 22.
The action of the House on the bill to re
peal the Act prohibiting the marriage of
first cousins, was reconsidered.
The' special order of the day, the bill to au
thorize the Inferior Courts of the several
counties of the State, to levy and collect an
extra tax for the support of indigent widows
and orphans of soldiers was taken up, and be
fore arriving at any action on the same, the
House entertained a motion to adjourn in re
spect to the day, and to listen to the address of
lion. A. H. Stephens.
SENATE.
Friday, Feb. 23,
A resolution was introduced in relation ta
the payment of the bonds and coupons of the
State over due.
Tho annexed bills were introduced to
change the place of holding a Justice’s Court
in Scriveu county. In relation to judgments
against Trust Estates. To incorporate the Met
calf Manufacturing Company.
The annexed bills were lost: to lay off the
State into twenty Judicial Circuits, and to pro
vide for sessions four times a year. To amend
section 4220 of the Code—the bill seeks to
change the law which requires persons con
victed of murder and recommended to mercy
to be confined in the Penitentiary for life.
The bill to allow the redemption of real ea*
fate sold under execution within a specified
time, was passed.
HOUSE.
Fkidai, February 28.
The annexed bills were introduced amend
ing the charter of the Insurance Company of
Columbus; relative to the publication of de
cisions of the Suprome Court; to change the
line between Murray and Whitfield counties;
for the relief of George Cox, of the county of
Whitfield; to ircorporate the City andLian
' Association and Savings Bank of Augusta; to
authorize the levy of an extra tax in the county
ot Thomas; t,o appropriate $25,000 of the net
earnings of the W. & A. R R. to th 9 Orphans’
Home; to incorporate a Savings Benk, in the
city of LaGrange; to amend the Revised Code
of Georgia; for the relief of tax Collectors; to
amend the charter of tho town of Sparta.
A resolution was introduced in relation to
stock gaps on the Western and Atlantic Rail
road.
The Chairman of the Committee appointed
to examine the State Library, submitted his
report with resolution.
The Committee on Military Affairs, report
ed against making any appropriation for the
buiiding ot the Military Institute, either at
Marietta or at any other place.
The bill for the relief of the indigent wid
ows and orphans of soldiers, was taken up and
discussed. Pending the discussion, the House
adjourned till 4 o'clock.
SENATE.
Saturday. February 23.
The annexed resolution was unanimously
adopted :
Resolved, That the General Assembly do
hereby express their cordial endorsement of
the sentiments contained in the able and pa
triotic address SHte Hon. Alexander H.
Stephens, delmredm the Hall of the House
of Itepresentatiues on the 22nd instant, and
that a copy ot the same be entered upon the
journals of the Senate and House of Repre
sentatives.
A bill was introduced to change the peDal
code.
The annexed bills were passed : to incor
porate the Columbus Street Railroad Company;
to incorporate the Life and Accident Insurance
Company in Atlanta; supplemental to the act
incorporating the North Georgia Mining and
Manufacturing Companv; to prescribe and
regulate the relations oi parent and child,
among persons of color in this State; to add
an additional clause to section 2535 of the
code; to prescribe and regulate the relations
of husband and wife among persons of color in
this State,
HOUSE.
Saturbay, February 23.
Tho annexed bills were introduced : to in
corporate the Franklin Mining and Manufac
turing Company; for the relief of Moses S.
Collins; to incorporate a Company for laying
down carriage Railways in the city of Savan
nah. _
The annexed bills were passed : to change
the line between Spaulding and Pike ; to
change the lme between Laurens and Wilkin
son; to incorporate the Columbus Manufac
turing Company.
•SENATE.
Saturday, February 24,
A resolution to prevent the distribution of
the mail among the members until alter ad
journment was .lost.
A resolution to prohibit the introduction
of new matter after Monday next was agreed
to. _
A resolution was introduced that the Gen
eral Assembly adjourn on the 10th . March
nex f . On motion tbe resolution was amended
by inserting the 13th of March and passed.
A bill to authorize Freedmen to perfonn
the mariiage ceremony between persons or
color was lost. . _ , , ,
Bill to regulate proceedings of ,nsol J®“‘
banks. The bill proposes to allow the banks
in the payment of their bil s to estimate be
value of the same at the value of go <
tme the bills were paid out by. ....
Pending the consideration of the b
Senate adjourned. hodsE
SAWRDAf. February 2*.
The House took up the
the bill for the rel et o m f
orphans of deceased soldiers, and . t
ing a motion to reconsider a tubatit \ ./
mid the bill on wm’lim call of the roll for
iar business which was me
'“"TtotSSi't»«" »