Chronicle & sentinel. (Augusta, Ga.) 1864-1866, April 18, 1866, Image 1
OLD SERIES, VOL. LXXV.-
Cjjrouirlf k leufmel.
HENRY MOORE,
A. R. WRIGHT,
TREBPASS.
In another column we lay before our readers
the recent enactment of the Legislature de
fining trespass, and the punishment imposed
for this offence. Wo desire to call attention to
H now, in order that our people may see that
the plea of necessity, which has been put up of
late in justification of those who have attempt
ed to take the law in their own hands, no
longer exists. We are aware that, previous to
the passage of this act, our people suffered
great loss of property as well as injury to feel
ings, for which no legal remedy had been
provided. We confess that many cases have
come tinder our own observation, where a
resort to individual vindication of private
rights and redress of wrongs, if not entirely
justifiable, was at least not criminal. We, in
common with ail the right thinking people of
the State, have deplored this necessity—not
only liecause the citizen war deprived of the
just protection of Government, but because
the tendency of individual ledress of wrongs
would inevitably lead to many excesses, and a
total disregard of the laws of the land, even
when, by those laws, all the rights of persons
aud property wure recognized and protected.
We have been pained at tho recital of many
deeds of violence and bloodshed which have
occurred ia oar State since the termination of
the war, growing out of the attempt on the
part of citizens to protect their persons aud
property from acts of trespass, for which no
adequate remedy was provided by law. We
have seen the effects of such acts In producing
upon the public mind a carelessness, not to say
recklessness, of legal and moral restiaints,
which have gone far to establish in our midst
a disregard, if not contempt, for the regulations
of society and the administration of justice.
The sudden emancipation of the negroes, aud
the consequent removal of the restraints under
which they have been educated and raised—
tho criminally foolish notions which were, by
designing and bad men, put into their heads,
of their rights and equality with the white
people—led these poor Ignorant creatures to
tho commission of many offences which, under
our former system of slavery, were punishable
and regulated by their owers, and consequently
our Civil Code was silent In relation to them.
No people ever sutfwred as did ours during tho
four or five months immediately following
emancipation. Deprif|ed of the protection of
tho laws, their property seized without process,
their houses searched without warrants, their
persons committed to prison without bail, tbeir
lives taken without legal trial, it Is won
deiful that they exhibited so much of moder
ation and of pallorco. We reler to these things
now in no bitter or vindictive spirit. Perhaps
the character of the war, then but recently
ceased, and the augry feelings it enlisted on
both sides, necessitated, to some extent, those
lawloss and cruel proceedings.
These acts of officials and ethers, represent
ing themselves as government agents, were
made the pretext for many high handed out
rages committed by the blacks and evil dis
posed white people.
The law abiding citizen felt no security for
person or property, aud iu many instances a
feeling of desperation seized upon' him, under
the influence of which he was tempted to do
the very thing which in his inmost hont he de
tested and abhored—take the law in his own
hinds.
Then came a brood, too, of minor and petty
offences, such as stealing wood, fruit, veget
ables ; the teavio down and destroying if
fences and fruit trees; tho squatting upon land,
and the like, which, perhaps, in themselves,
though trivial and light as compared to others,
were of such a character as to produce and
keep up a constaut state of irritation and dis
content.
Thank God ! this plea of necessity can be
no long, r set up. The act under review makes
ample provision for protection as against these
lesser law-breakers, and other legislation, to
which we intend to invite attention in a lew
days, provides appropriate remedies for crimes
of greater magnitude.
Lot us hear no more ot garden robbers being
shot; of squatters being burned out, and tho
like. Let every man be diligent in detecting
these petty sooundrols, while or black, and
bring them before the proper tribuuals. The
remedy is ample—the law is complete It only
remains for our people to see that it is vigor
ously enforced.
Ths New Governor or Rhode Island. —The
telegraph has announced the election of Gen.
Ambrose Everett Burnside to tbe Governorship
of Rhode Island. T his is the valiant chief who,
upon the altar of hid iucompetency, sacrificed
thousands of his army in a reckless assault
upon our lines at Fredericksburg. The Cin
cinnati Euquirer aptly terms him the “butcher
of Fredericksburg,’’ and says that it is fitting,
perhaps, that a State which sends (he imbecile
Sprague to the Senate, aud for years allowed
negroes with property to vote, while white
men without property were excluded from the
polls, should have such a Governor. That
paper adds that “ his atrocious order, called
“ No. 38,” in which he attempted to stiffs ths
liberty of speech, and his proceedings under it
iu the kidnapping aud deportation of Mr. Val
landiugham. were crimes of so high a grade
that, unless retributive justice sleeps, he will
be obliged, in the future, to expiate in person
and property.”
Pntsoi.koi in Italy, —Recent accounts from
Leghorn, relate that there is a general rise iu
the price of foreign'articles imported theie,
and especially iu petroleum, of which the con
sumption is said to be so large in Italy that
the supply is not equal to the demand. The
price is so much increased lately that compa
nies have beeu formed at Turin and Genoa for
purifying the produce of the petroleum springs
which exist ia Parma and Calabria.
It is thought Cairo will be free from water
hereafter when the river rises above the level.
Anew pump, capable of throwing forty thou
sand gallons of water per minuts, went into
v ation on the 4th.
IS THE WHIT OF HABEAS CORPUS RESTORED !
We were not witling to hazard au opinion
in this most Important question, upon the
very imperfect copy of the President’s procla
mation which reached ns through the medium
of the telegraph. We have now the official
copy, as published by the'National Intelligen
cer, and we are prepared to say, from a close
examination of this document, in connection
with the previous proclamations of President
Lincoln suspending tbe writ, that, in our opi
nion, the operations of the civil law ia ths
States of Virginia, North Carolina, South Caro
lina, Georgia, Alabama, Florida, Mississippi,
Louisiana and Arkansas is fully restored.
By the act of Congress passed 3d March,
1863, it is declared that “ during the present
rebeiiiou the President, whouever, in his judg
ment. tho public safety may require it, is au
thorized to suspend the writ of habeas corpus
in any case throughout the United States, or
in any part thereof.” It will be observed that
the power granted to the President by Con
gress, to suspend the writ, was expressly lim
ited as to time—‘‘during the (then) present
rebeiiiou.’’
In ordinary cases of war between nations,
the period of peace is fixed by flrealies between
tho contending parties, and the war is said to
be legally closed at the date of tho ratification
of the treaty. In civil wars, when, by the
overthrow of oue party, no Government is left
with whom such a treaty could be negotiated,
the cessation of the war and the return of
peace mi|at be either calculated from the sur
render of tho last hostile foioe of tho discom
fited party, or from a proclamation ot the
conqueror declaring tho war terminated.
in tho case under consideration, tho Govern
ment of the United States (the conquering
power) have seen tit to consider the war as
pending long after the surrender of Kirby
Smith’s command—the last of tho Confederate
forces. Much of the legislation of Con
gress has been bas.d upon that idea, and
the present Administration, in its treatment
es the States lately composing the Government
known as tbe “Confederate States,’’ has regu
lated its conduct ot affairs hero upon the ground
that the rebellion, as they are pleased to terra it,
still existed. Whether this assumption oi tho
continued existence of the rebellion (so-called)
be true or not, the Btates interested hid no ap
peal from the deoision of the Federal Govern
ment so declaring it. While then, tile “rebel
lion’’ existed, the writ of habeas corpus was
suspended by force of President Lincoln’s pro
clamat on, issued iu accordauce with the act of
Congress, before recited on the 15th Septem
ber, 1863. By that proclamation, it was de
•clured that “this suspension shall continue
throughout the duration of such rebellion, or
until this proclamation by a subsequent one,
to be issued by the President of. the United
Btates, be modified or revoked.” Now as we
have seen that the Federal Government did
net hold the rebellion to be terminated by the
surrender of the lost armed ioices of the Con
federate Government, it would follow that the
suspension of the writ was continued by lores
ot the proclamation of President Lincoln, until
there should be a formal deciavatiou of peace,
or a couuter proclamation, issued by the Presi»
dent restoring it.
As Boon, therefore, as the authorities of the
United States declare the “rebellion” termi
nated ; the writ is restored ex vi termini. This
is the view, uo doubt, which was taken by
President Johnson, in issuing his proclamation.
That important and very able paper states in
one of its pieambles: “There exists now uo
organized armed resistance of misguided citi
zens, or others, to the authority of the United
Btates, in the States of Georgia, South Caro
lina. Virginia, North Carolina, Tennessee,
Alubama, Louisiana, Arkansas, Mississippi and
Florida, and the laws can be eustaiued and
enforced therein by the proper civil authority,
State or Federal, and the people of said States
are well and ioyally disposed, and have con
formed or will conform, in their legislation to
the condition of all'firs growing out of the
amendment to the Constitution of the United
States,” &c. Here, then, is the declaration of
the Government of tho United States, the con
quering power, declaring the existence of the
rebellion terminated, aud we might here rest
the case.
But, in order that there might be no misun
derstanding upon this point, the President goes
on to say, in the last clause but one of his pro
clamation, “ whereas, standing armies, milita
ry occupation, martial law, military tribunals,
and tho suspension of tbe writ of habeas cor
pus, ure, in times of peace, dangerous to public
liberty, and incompatible with tho individual
rights of citizens, contrary to tbe genius aud
spirit of our free institutions, and exhaustive
of the national resources, and ought not, there
fore to be sanctioned or allowed except in cases cf
actual necessity for repelling invasion or sup
pressing insurrection or rebellion : Therefore,
1. Andrew Johnson, President cf the United
States, do hereby proclaim and declare that
the insurrection which heretofore existed in
the States of Georgia, South Carolina, &c , is at
an end, and is keuceforth to be so regarded ”
Here, then, we have the authority of the
President of the United States for saying that
the "rebellion" (so called) is ended, and there
fore, by the terms of President Lincoln's pro
clamation, suspending tbe writ, in the abseuce
of any order or proclamation continuing its
suspension, the writ is restored.
This is the only logical conclusion to bear
rived at upou a careful review of the whole
action of the Federal Government upon the
question. Tho State of Georgia is no<v, in
our opinion, in the same condition, as to the
exercise» of all its civil rights, as the Btate of
Massachusetts, and this condition is not
changed or modified by the fact that we are
still denied representation in the councils of
the nation. The President has shown that it
be had the power our representatives wou and
have been restored long since to their places
in Congress That he is powerless to enforce
his policy, does not lesson or weaken our rights
in the premises. Let us hope that the -second
sober thought" of the people will soon compel
our full rehabilitation in all the rights and
privileges to which by law we are entitled.
Until then, let it be cur constant aim so to
conduct ourselves as to prove to the President
and to the world, that we are not unworthy of
the confidence reposed in us.
AUGUSTA, GA., WEDNESDAY MORNING, APRIL 18, 1866.
OOTION SEED.
We hear very general complaints from the
country in regard to the quality of the seed
which, in many localities, the planters aie
obliged to use. Daring the war so little cotton
was raised, lhat a very great scarcity of seed
exists tbronghout the cotton States. The
very small crops of ’62, '63, and ’64 were
very generally stored away in the seed, and
were not ginned until the last year. From
frequent experiments which have been made
witn these seed, wk are assured by many In
telligent planters, it has been ascertained that
very few will germinate, and that even of those
that do come up three-fourths die in the course
if eight or ten days. We have taken some
pains to get correct information on this point,
and the general current of opinion Is that seed
which have lain in the liat for two years or
more are altogether unreliable. Whether seed
that were separated from- the lint shortly, after
picking, and have subsequently been kept well
sheltered and protected from the weather, are
reliable, the opinion ot planters is somewhat
contradictory. The weight of opinion seems to
b3 that such seed will keep perfectly well for
three, four and some say as long as ten years.
We suppose that this will depend very much
upon the condition tho seed were in when
stored away, and the quantity which was piled
together. If the seed wore ginned from dry,
well matured cotton, and not stored in too
large a bulk, we think from the evidence
which wo have obtained upon this point that
they will keep several years without injury to
tho garni. One large planter la Burke county,
of considerable experierce, assures us that he
has planted seed ten years old, and lhat he
preferred them to seed of the last year’s
growth. His theory was that by keeping
them for several years, the germ of the faulty
or defective ones would bo destroyed, so that
none would germlnnte except such as would
make strong, vigorous plants, whereas if new
or fresh seed were planted many defective ones
would come up, which would not have suffioient
vitality to sustain a vigorous growth and were
liable to die out under the effects of the hot
June sun.
On the other hand, a planter In a neighbor
ing county, of great experience, informs us that
he planted seed of the growth of 1862, and
that they came up beautifully. In a few days
he noticed that they began to die cut, and in
eight or ten days the stand had become so de
fective from dying out, that he ploughed up
and replanted the land. This second planting
came up well, but in a few days ho noticed the
tendency to dia,*and watched it closely. By
the tenth day from the time it first began to
come up,,tf was nearly, or quite, all dead. He
planted the land the third time with like
results.
We give these cases for what they are worth.
Both are gentlemen of veracity, and both ex
perienced planters. In the last case, the seed
tad in the lint since ’62.
We won'd urge upon planters the propriety
of at least sowing old seed very thick. Don’t
be deterred from this by the high price of
seed- Better to buy a few good seed to finish
the crop with, even at the present high prices,
rather than hazard the insuring of a good
stand. Ail cotton planters know the value of a
peifect stand. A full crop of cotton cannot ba
made without it.
THE I’ALMA CHRISTI, OR CASTOR BEAN.
The cultivation of this plant is attrac’ing
considerable attention. It is claimed to pos
sess several advantages over any other crop
that can be grown at this time. These ad
vantages consist in the yield, which is esti
mated at 2,000 4,400 pounds of clean seed to
the acre, worth at least three cents per pound,
which would realize S6O to $l3O per acre ; la
ths limited cultivation required, which enable
each hand to tend thirty to forty acres ; in the
fact—an important one in the devastated con
dition cf many farms—that no inoiosnres are
needed, as no stock will eat the plant; and it
is further claimed that the cultivation of the
plant is not exhaustive, but rather beneficial
to the soil. Without endorsing any of these
alleged advantages, we present them, as
worthy of consideration, and as appearing to
warrant the direction of some attention to a
staple new to our latitude.
To enable planters to give the plant a fair
trial, Mr. J. W. Gregory, of Savaunah, will
loan them seed without cost, with practical In
structions forplauting, and will contract forth*
entire crop at three cents par pound, cash on
delivery. It eaa be planted until the end of
May.
Some of the most skilful planters in the
country have? no faith in the profits on cotton -
growing under our present labor system.—
Here is an estimate, in this connection,
which is interesting. It is from the New Or
leans Timas, and U made by one of tLe most
euecesstul planters In Mississippi :
Ton hands making 1,600 pounds
each—l6,ooo pounds at 40c $6,400 00
Less charges for selling, say—
Freight per railroad, $5 per bate
on forty bales $200,00
Internal Revenue, 2o per lb.. .320 00
Insurance $2 60 per bale 100 00
Btate Taxes in Miss, and La. . 100 00
U.S. Taxes and brokerage, 1 2
per cent 30 00
Weighing, storage and other
charges 40 00
Commission for selling 160 00
Bagging and rope 130 50-1,080 00
Net proceeds of crop $5,320 00
To procure this orop he found bis expenses
would be as follows :
Wages of ten hands at sl2 per monthsl,44o 00
Rations for same as ordered by Bu
reau 900 00
Clothes for same as ordered by Bu
reau 600 00
Core, etc., to feed the stock 900 00
i Blacksmith’s bill 100 00
Taxes on land 200 00
Teams and wagons, worth $2,000, J
off 500 00
Support of his family 1,000 00
Total expenses of working tho place. $5,510 00
Probable boss upon the adventure.... 220 00
The friends ot tho Palma Christi claim that
under the above expenses, the average yield
j would realiz) the snug sum, over expenses, of
! $2,416. We neither endorse or dissent from
j these estimates, but present them as points
worthy of consideration by our planters.
The latest reports fro* the Straits of Macki
nac state that the winter was the coldest ever
known there.
I Coer of Nfw;pafsrs —There is no c untry
in the world, says an exchange, wh‘-re the
newspaper is so universal a necessity as in our
own. To everybody it is as indispensable as
his daily food ; yet few are aware of the labor
and expense involved in the proparatiqp of the
constantly recurring mental meal. The Phil
adelphia Ledger lately announced that the loss
on its circulation alone amounted to SIOO,OOO
in twelvemonths, which will seem a startling
statement, and may be received with more or
less Incredulity by those not engaged in the
business, and, therefore, unacquainted with the
mysteries of newspaper publishing. The Phila
delphia Telegraph has come remarks upon the
subject, which the initiated everywhere know
to be true. It declares that there is not
now a single dally paper printed in this coun
try of which the cost to the publisher is not
greatly in excess ot the price for which it sells.
‘The question may -be- naturaliy ashred, how
newspapers, then are supported? The answer
is. that the publisher is only saved from ruin
by the advertising source of inoome. Neither
the subscriber who tbkes the paper only to
read it, cor the advertiser who uses it as apro
ti table means of communication with its read
era, separately sustains it. Both conjoined
are necessary to that end ; and while one com
plains that the prico of the paper is too high,
and the other that he is charged too much for
his advertisements, the publisher is continual
ly struggling to adjust the just claims of each.
In other words, he is governed by the same
principal which governs men iu every other
kind of business. He is too wise to impose
prices on the public which they won'd not
long pay if found to to exorbitant ; and com
petition in this, as in every other sort of busi
ness, would soon expose and oorrcct any such
exorbitance. All things consideted, the public
are getting the benefit of the daily newspapor
press at a very cheap price, and publishers
realize a profit inadequate to the service they
render, and the labor and care they incur.
CROP FROSPEOIS. %
CIuwFORDYiLLB, April 6th, 1866.
Editor Chronicle & Sentinel : From Plan
ters In Warren, Taliaferro and Wilke3 counties^
I learn that the freedmen generally, are doing
about two thirds work. In rare cases there Is
some dissatisfaction. Farms generally in good
working order. Planters are cultivating their
best lands—leaving out many acres of worn
out lands, as it will not pay to work free labor
on such. The fruit crop is injured ; some say
one-third, others oue halt the peaches are kill
ed or injured ; if no more, we may expect a
crop of good peaches,
I spent two hours very pleasantly at the
residence of Hon. A. H. Stephens, Georgia’s
noblest son, who is now in Washington City
pleading for his loved State, and the South
generally. May he accomplish much, is the
prayer of all true men. I here met Mr. H.
Cleveland, a polite gentleman and polished
writer ; Mr. John Stephens, nephew of Mr. S.;
Mr, Briscoe, both lawyers, and Mr. Hydell, Se
cretary to Mr. S. whiio in Richmond.
Yours, U.
Grantvilie, Ga., ApritSth, 1866.
Editors Chronicle & Sentinel : Having been
traveling in the counties of Coweta, Merriweth„
er, Troup and Heard, I find the farmers very
busily engaged in planting. A good portion of
the crop planted and being planted, consists of
corn, while wheat is looking very well, with a
good stand generally on tbe ground. Tho oats
were much injured by the freeze in February,
and not more than half crops need be looked
for. There is not as much land being planted
In cotton as was anticipated sometime ago; the
freedmeu are not holding on as faithfully as we
were in hopes they would do. Several have
left within a few days—we cannot, with much
safety, rely on their labor, as we desire.
The weather is fine, and the farms are in
good order. Much repairing has been done
during the past fall and winter. Small pox
nearly disappeared.
Yours, truly, W. B. S.
EUROPEAN EMIGRATION.
The tide of foreign emigration to this conn
try seems to bo rapidly increasing, under the
stimulus of restored peace. From Germany
the number arriving at Havre to take ship for
America is unprecedented. A Havre journal
says that there are no less than 1 000 persons,
lodging in one quarter alone, awaiting vessels
to take them out. Many are going to England
to take passage from Liverpool.
The same journal remarks that this Increase
of emigration coincides with a great extension
of the commercial relations between France
and the United States. Not less than twenty
five vessels are shortly expected at Havrs from
New Orleans, one from Texas, and five from
M obile, all laden with cotton. A considerable
quantity of tho same material is also being
•hipped for Havre at New York, along with
osher merchandise. Iu short, the import trade
at Havte has not boeu so brisk for five years
past.
A Berlin correspondent of the London Times
says: “The emigration to North America is
daily astuming greater proportions. Up to the
end of May 10,000 persons have already en
gaged to leave, via Hamburg and Bremen.—
The emigrants are nearly all Northerners and
Protestants, wher-ea?, ten years ago, the vast
majority consisted of Southerners, maay of
them Roman Catholics.”
Labor in Georgia. —lnspector General
Strong of the Freedmeu’s Bureau, who Is at
present in Savannah, writes to Major General
Howard that there is a great scarcity of labor
in that vicinity and many other places he has
visited iu the State. In the lower counties
among the Sea Islands, and on the rice planta
tions of the Savannah and Ogeehee river, Gen.
Strong says the blacks are all employed, and
extra hands cannot be found. He also states
that many Northern men, who have purchased
oi leased plantations, will lose money the
coming season, or fail altogether. Some par
ties on the Ogeehee h#/e expressed themselves
willing to pay as high as one doriar per day,
and furnish the hands with quarters, fuel, and
good rations, or would bo glad to contract
with the freedmen, gtvi ng them one®half of
the rice crop, clear of expenses ; but even at
this rate of compensation hands cannot be se
cured.
D. G. Scofield, a petroleum stock specula
tor of New York, has failed.
j MEETING OF THE RICHMOND BAR.
Augusta, April 9, 1860.
The Court haring affjonrned for the day,
upon the announcement of the death of George
Schley, Esq'., and Gen. John K. Jackson, a
meeting of the Bar was organized by calling
William T. Gould, Esq., to the Chair, and ap
pointing Jos. B. Cummlng, Esq , Secretary.
On motiou of E. Starnes, Esq , a committee
of eight was appointed by tho Chair, viz : E.
Starnes, Herschel V. Johnson, H. W. Hilliard,
John T. Shewmake, L. D. Lallerstedt, Joseph
Ganahl, Jos. B. Cumming. and Claiborne
Snead, Esqs., to prepare appropriate preamble
and resolutions, and report to the meeting to
be called by the Chairman.
The meeting then adjourned.
April 10, 1866.
The Bar having assembled, as called by the
:Gt»aiman.Ake InhUmung and rest>iu~_
tions were submitted by the chairman of the
Committee, and, on motion, adopted :
It is in the spirit of uo fcrmal compliance with
a customary evidence ot respect, that we meet
this day for the purpose of offering tribute to
tho memory of our deceased brother, John K.
Jackson.
From tho depths of mourning hearts, we give
utterance to the grief which possesses us By
the side of his open grave we have all recently
stood, aud few of us were there who were not
bowed with an anguish which was even as tho
sorrow of a strong man. Yet wo mourned,
and moured not as one who is without hope.
We have reflected that in his life he has leit us
an example of duty faithfully discharged, and
in his death be has b< queathed to us a lesson
of that calm confidence which surrounds the
Christian’s hope.
Wo are assemblecWo day, not alone to lav
cur wreath of tributary emotions upon his
tomb ; we feel it our duty, as his brethren of
the Bar, to honor his memory by recording
our recognition of his talents, his virtues, and
his services to his country.
B.s it therefore Resolved, by the Bar of
Richmond county, That, as a member of the
legal profession, our deceased brother was at
once industrious, accurate, faithful and learned;
and if his life had been spared, he would,
without doubt., have shared the highest honors
of that profession.
Resolved, That as our unsuccessful, but not
inglorious, struggle lor independence excited
in U3 a melancholy pride, so we recall, with
deep satisfaction, tho part our deceased brother
took therein, and the evidence he afforded in
camp and field that he was a brave, devoted,
and self sacrificing soldier.
Resolved, That whilst wegileve for the pro
fessional brother so untimely cut off, for the
gallant toldier whose career has ended, the
patriot whose light of life has been so prema
turely quenched in the tomb, we unite with
those to whom he was more closely connected
by the tie3 of love and duty, in mourning for
the faithful brother, the devoted husband, the
affectionate father, aad we tender to these
members of his family the expression of our
heartfelt sympathy.
And be it further Resolved, That though we
thus mourn, we still fled pleasuie in recording
that in all his career our deceased brother af
forded a striking example of ability, zeal, en»
ergy, industry, integrity and perseveranoe in
the path of duty, and that as a consequence
more or less of success and happiness crowned
his efforts in life, and much of calmness and
peace brightened his moments in death.
Resolved, That we will wear the usual badge
of mourning in memory of the deceased, dur
ing the present term of this Court.
On this occasion we also meet to mourn for
the death of another member of our brother
hood. Though, for several years, George
(Schley may be said to have retired from the
Bar, yet he had not been without success whilst
actively engaged in the practice, and he great
ly endeared himself to the members of the
profession. To a vigorous and active intellect,
he united industry, perseverance and manly
virtue. He prosecuted what he undertook with
resolution and integrity of purpose. And then,
wilhai, he was inspired with a cheerfulness
which difficulties never subdued, and a hopeful
ness which uever yielded to despondency in
the darkest hour of doubt and gloom.
He was public-spirited, enterprising, and
charitable. He was a dutiful and patriotic
citizen. In 1836 he was elected to represent
the county of Richmond in the Legislature of
Georgia. He peiformed the duties of that im
portant trust with ability and fidelity. But he
was not a politician. He uever aspired to
public office. The career of politics was not
congenial to his nature. Hence, he passed the
balance of his days in the quiet pursuits of
private life In the social circle he was alfible
and intelligent, imparting to those around him
the sunshine and joycusness that warmed and
animated his own loving heart. Grave and
dignified with th ) aged aad thoughtful, but
buoyant and gleeful with the young, he suited
his intercourse to ail circumstances, and con
tributed his share to social enjoyments from
the fullness of his own generous nature.
He was the idol ot hia lamily. Asa father and
husband, he was affectionate and tender, hence
his house was the abode of happiness, where
nourished in undisturbed harmony, those en
dearing relationships and sympathise which
sweeten ever the care3 of life and refine and
hallow its joys. But he has passed away from
the companionship and associations, from the
waiks of social life, and from the embraces of
the loving on; s who nestled around him as the
presiding spirit of his happy fireside. All that
remains for us is to plant the Cyprus upon his
grave and water it with our tears. He is be
yond the reach of censure or praise. Wo
record this tribute to his memory, rather as a
feeble expression of our regret lor his death
and sympathy with his bereaved family, than
as an adequate portraiture of his many vir
tues. 'therefore,
Resolved, That in the death cf George
Schley the Bar has lost an ornament and so
ciety a useful aad patriotic citizen.
2 'lhat we tender to his bereaved family
our condolence and sympathy, and that we
will wear the usual badge of mourning during
the present term of the Court.
The meeting then adjourned.
Wm. T Gould, Chairman.
Jcs. B Cumming, Secretary.
Upon the opening of the Court, Judge Gould
moved that the resolutions adopted by the
Bar, in memory of its deceased membersj be
spread upon the minutes of the Court.
His Honor Judge Hook, in ordering the
resolutions to the record, paid the following
elcqueut and touching tribute to the virtues
and attainments of the deceased :
Gi.NTLK.VKN OF THE BAP. :
The resolutions which you have just read,
containing as they do, just tributes to the
memory of two departed professional brethren,
shall be spread on the minutes of this court in
pursuance of your request. Allow me to say
however, before ordering them to the record,
that they have my hearty endorsement, and
th3t I sympathise very thoroughly with the
sentiments of sorrow and regret and of admi
ration and of eulogy which your eloquent ad
dresses on this sad occasion have bo earnestly
and pathetically expressed ! Occasions like the
present have been of frequent occurrer.c i at
this bar cf late. Ever and anon are the som
bre shadows of the tomb stretching acroga our
professional pathway, aud reminding us that
the grim monster wto presides there, Is no re
pector of persons, but claims all of every cire'e
aad age and condition for his own. Now, he
mows down some venerable form ripe for the
sickle, like the late lamented incumbent of
this bench—now, some young and gallant
NEW SERIES, YOL. XXV NO. 17.
spirit who has dared the perils of the present,
and Is proudly gazing down the vista of tho
future with his eye fixed on ambition’s glit
tering goal—like Jackson, whose loss we now
deplore ; or again he strikes down one who
like Mr Schley, had passed the meridian cf
life, with a well earned reputation and was
calmy and complacently looking upon the
mellow twilight of advancing old age,just be
ginning to settle about his pathway.
Os this latter gentleman it perhaps becomes
me npt to speak: a near kinsman, and the
best friend (next to my parents) I liavo ever
had on this earth, 1 have no utterance suited to
my feelings. lam content to pass from him,
and leave the grateful hearts of the many
whom his generous and unselfish liberality
has aided, to enshrine his memory.
General Jackson was my junior by some few
years! And when i left this city, scarce then
twenty years of age, he was a school-boy at
tending the Academy just iu tho rear of this
building, A few brief years sped by, and I
heard of his admission to the bar, and then of
his energy and aptness in his profession--and
ere long, of his coping successfully with those
Wp. -f h jjUg* 111^11?
character, have ever illustrated and sustained
the huh reputation of the Augusta Bar. Boys
growing np in the same community as we had
been, and professional brethren as we were, I
rejoiced at his success and was proud of his
triumphs. Ere long the clarion of war was
sounded, and laying aside his books and his
briefs he snatched th.: sword and took his stand
amid the heroic defenders of tho South in her
late unhappy struggle.
Let what will or may bo said es the motives
which prompted, or the policy which guided
that revolution ; one thing is certain, it
bronght to view thousands of gailaut, brave
and noble spirits, among whom General
Jackson deservedly occupied a high position.
He acted in the camp and on the field as he
had ever done in private life, and the profes
sional circle, aud proved himself a true man.
But, he has been t\ken from us—cut down iu
theprjment young and vigorous manhood,
and in the midst of his usefulness, with a
bright future 'spreading out before him in
viting to its rich rewards.
Accounts of his last moments, assure us that
he met death as he had met dangers on the
battle field, with becoming calmness aud for
titude. May we too—ever stand ready to
meet tho demands of ,dut,y while we live, as
did he, and when death comes be enabled to
exclaim : Oh death where is thy sting. Oh
grave where is tby victory!
MEXICO.
Washington, April 3.
The followiug official letter, addressed to
Geiv Alvarez, is communicated by him from
La Providencia, dated March Ist 1866, to
Minister Romero :
Hualtbmo, February 28, 1826.
I have now the pleasure of confirming the
news of the defeat of the Imperial General,
Mejia, which I gave in’ my last, having last
night received the official dispatches.
In a word, the enemy lest all of their reserve
train, provision, baggage, pork, clothing, and
the private correspondence of Mendez; with
his military chest, in which was some $12,000,
which is now in our hands ; and what is more,
the flags of the different corps and atarge num
ber of prisoners. Fasterero was re-occupied on
the following day.
In consequence of these successes, we have
obtained other small triumphs in Aprisingua
and Irambo, all of which I hasten to commu
nicate to you and our companions in arms,
[Signed] G. Peurit Jordan.
The following extract from a letter from
Paris has been received in this city :
Paris, March 19, 1866.—Thepiincipal object
of these lines is to let you know that 3,200 men
left here a week ago for Vera Cruz with the
greatest secrecy; among them are 4,000 huz
zars of Algiers.
, At Brest and Cherbourg the press have not
mentioned anything about it nor do they care
to speak at dl about the Mexican question,
because they have been warned not to do so.
A telegraph dispatch from Vienna, publish
ed here day beiore yesterday, informs us that
an agreement has been concluded with Maxi
milian for the purpose of sending him 2,000
Austrians to fill up the losses of the Austrian
contingent in Mexico, The necessary expense
will, of course, be defrayed by the French
Government.’’
A letter to the N. O. Times says:
The Republican Gen. Corona is iu possession
of the States of Sonora and Sinaloa, with 3,000
men, and has arrived at Mazatlan. The Liber
ai forces took Fcoeoltiehe, in Z icateeas, on the
9th February. On the 23d January, the gal
lant Pedro Mendez took Tantoyuquitc. captur
ing a convoy valued by the enemy at $5,00,000.
By private letter, I am informal that on the
Ist of March, Gov. Vienna took Parras, and on
the sth a column of eight hundred French
traitors going to succor Parris, was met by the
forces of Sir Vitsca de la Coroneles Trevino
and Navaryo and lost a considerable convoy
As you will see, the Empire is far from being
established—throughout all the States the Re
publicans are rising
A correspondent of the New York News,
writing from the city of Mexico says : “The
Emperor has at last decided the money here
after coined at the national mints shall bear
the Imperial stamp. Specimens of this money
have just been issued and are in great demand
as curiosities. The dollar bears the profile of
the Emperor, with the words Maximiliano Em
perador. Oa the reverse the Imperial national
arms with the words Imperio Mfxicano. 1 peso—
-1866. The engraving and the coin are hand
somely executed, and the coin is certainly ere
ditable to the Empire. Hitherto the Emperor
has hesitated as to changing the com of the
country, believing th it his rule had not been
sufficiently established throughout the Empire.
The present act may, therefore, be taken as an
indication that be considers himself a fixed fact.’
Mr. Romero has received offi dal news from
El Paso up to the 9th of March, from which it
appears that on the 4,h the Ferragas brigade
left there for the City of Chihuahua, which it
was expected would be reoccupied about the
26thj ult. President Juarez intended to estab
lish a government there at once.
It is also stated that official news had been
received at El I’aso of several important suc
cesses obtained by the national troops in Ta
maulipas, Coahulia, New Leon, Sonora, and
Sinaloa. General Martinez routed the French
at Alamos, and captured the place, He after
wars effected a junction with General Morales.
The Dublin correspondent of the London
News, in a recent letter, give an insight, into
the State of feeling in the Emerald Isle, arising
from the anticipated Fenian revolution, and
further declares :
“Three baronies of the county of Kildare
have been subjected to the operation of the
Peace Preservation act. They are East and
West Narrah and Kilkoa. The proclamation
announcing the fact was published in Atby on
Saturday. This will doubtiess be very con
solatory to the inhabitants, who, according to
the Daily (Dublin) Express, are in a terrible
state of panic apprehension. He states : ‘To
a person living in a civilized eountry it would
seem incredible, but it is nevertheless strictly
true, that the loyalists in this town are more
like settlers on the edge of hostile Indian tor
ritories than tenants on the property of the
Duke of Leinster, and under the protection of
government Bullets are cast, pistols, blun
derbusses and revolvers are.both cleaned and
oiled, and hand grenades placed in readiness.
The threats and insinuations inces.antly in
circulation lead them to*amicipat« |tbe attacks
of hordes of yelling savages oa their dwelling*
in the night; and to such a pitch are serious
apprehensions entertained, especially by fe
males, that many persons remained i»p nearly
all Friday night, retiiing to rest han dressed.
Aud lam told that lew will sleep to-night,
though there Is not the least appearance of
anything to alarm. ”
THE CONTEMPLATED RAILROADS AT
THE WEST.
The New \ork Journal of Commerce says,
the public are so absorbed in the great po
litical question of the day, that they may not
be generally conveisaot with several vast rail
road plans now in course of development at
the West. Three notable enterprises of this
kind are now, however, being rapidly pushed
forward in the State of Michigan, in each of
which the city of Detroit is deeply interested.
These are tho Gian l Trunk Extension, de
signed to commence at Fort Huron, traverse a
rich section of Oentiul Michigan, and termi
nate in Chicago ; tho Grand River Valley
Railroad, to connect the citieß of Jackson and
Grand Rapids, and ultimately to be extended
Southeast to Toledo and Northwest to Muske
gon, and eventually to Grand Traverse, or
still further North, so as to control the lake
jhore commerce of the Lake Michigan lumber
r aiidoh regions, the poster of 1 kran<? 'TfTphls", 1 "
the coal of Grand Ledge, the grain and pro
duce of a large section- of Southern Michigan,
and the commerce of several important towns,
in favor of Toledo ; and tho Grand Rapids
and Northern Indiana Railroad, leading direct
from Grand Rapids, and still further North to
Cincinnati.
“ By the Grand Trunk Extension, if the pro
ject should be successful,” says the Detroit
Post, ot tho 2d, “ a largo share of commerce
was expected to pass by Detroit and reach the
sea over Canadian fines ; but th : termination
of the Reciprocity Treaty, and the growing and
natural jealousy of a’ foreign and not too
friendly power, must tend strongly to preserve
to American lines running through Detroit
the greater share of trade and travel ; so that,
if the line is completed we are convinced that
it will only add another feeder to the im
portance and growth of this city, even if its
eastern terminus is not eventually located
here. As the scheme at present is the least
ad'-ancod, and in view opiate events, least
likely to reach an early completion of the
three projects mentioned, we may dismiss it
with an assurance that, in our opinion, in
stead of creating uneasiness, it ought to he
encouraged by Detroit influence, so far as that
portion between the crossing of the Detroit
and Milwaukee line and tho city of Chicago
is concerned, at least.
The Grand River Vallov line, with its pro
posed extension to Toledo, is tho result of the
natural effort of a too long neglected region
to reach the linos connecting with tho sea
board by the shortest and best route. Fortu
nately tor Toledo, that city is on the natural
line of such a route, as we cannot help con*
ceding after an examination of the map. But
the exultation of that city at tho prospect of
at last becoming the terminus of a railroad
line, is altogether too violent to stand the
test of reason. The line from Jackson to
Grand Rapids must and will be completed
first, thus giving to Detroit the just benefit of
the new commerce ; aud, if our business men
are at all enterprising, they will always retain
a fair sharp of tho business passing over tho
road. The line at best can only give to Tole
do some new trade, from regions hitherto un
developed, without taking away much that
reaches this city, but, on the contrary, adding
quite largely to commerce. And the devel
opment and growth of any portion of the
State, accomplished by railway lines running
north and south, must tend to aid Detroit in
terests, no matter what may be the designs of
their projectors or the hopes of our rivals.
The Grand Rapids and Indiana line, we can
readily believe, will operate to greatly benefit
and built up the region about and north of
Grand Rapids, giving to the plaster, agricultu
ral and lumber interests there anew impetus,
and developing and enriching the western part
of the State very greatly. But this can de
tract nothing from Detroit. This city dees
not grow by the depression, but by tbe pros
perity of every portion of the Btate; and as
Detroit’s growth and wealth add to the growth
and development of the State at large, so tfce
development of any portion within the reach
of our influence must add to the wealth and
growth of I'eiioit,
We know that unnatural jealousies and mu.
tual reproaches have been iudulged in between
the several localities interested in those
schemes and this city, fomented and intemper
ately discussed by the public prints; but wo
trust that all parties interested are now in a
temper to look at these and kindred topics
with a more kindly and mutual teeling, and
to consider them more with reference to the
prosperity and gloiy of the State cf Michigan
than narrow local interests and rival jealou
sies. It is far more necessary to the general
good that tbe State of Michigan, as a whole,
should become rich, powerful, populous, and
wisely governed, than that any one locality
should obtain an advantage over another, since
the genera! good cannot fail to b< uefit each
and every city Interested greatly beyond any
gain to be expected through local rivalries.”
THE TRESPASS ACT.
An Act to define certain acts of Trespass, and
make the same penal.
Section 1. The following acts shall here
after be deemed and held to be trespass, and
indictable, to-wit :
Ist, Tho wilfni cutting or felling of any
wood, timber or shade tree, upon the land,
enclosed or unenclosed, of another, without
the consent of the owner.
2d, The taking and carrying away, or at
tempting to take and carry away any timber,
wood, rails, fruit, vegetables, corn, cotton, or
any other article, thing, produce or property
of any value whatever, from the land, en
closed or unenclosed, of another, without tho
consent of the owner.
3rd, The pulling down or removing any
fence, paling or enclosure, of another, without
the consent of the owner.
4r.b, The squatting or settling upon the
land, endoseu or unenclosed, of another,
whether riubiic or private, with no bona fide
c'.jjm ore .dor of title, and without tbe con
sent ot the owner; Provided, the intruder shall
not remove eff the land after ten days notice:
and provided further, that this section shall
not apply to wayfarers, who shall camp for a
night, or in case ot Providential detention, so
a longer time, on unenclosed land.
Sec. 2. Any person committing any of the
above acts of trespass, shall be held and deem
ed guilty of a misdemeanor, and subject to
indictment in any Court having jurisdiction
thereof, and upon conviction, shall be fined or
imprisoned, or both at the discretion of the
Court, the fine not to exceed two hundred dol
lars, the imprisonment not to exceed the term
of sixty days; Provided, that persons camping
for a night and using wood for such purpose,
shall not be deemed guilty, under this act.
Sec. 3. Repeals conflicting laws.
Approved 23rd February, 1866.
The section in which lumber is found
Colorado has twenty-five saw mills, and tea
flour mills -have been set up within the p-»tt
few years. Tbequariz miiis in tbe State are
connted at over one hundred and fifty, costing
$40,600,000. They should average, if all were
running on medium ores, not le.-s than $23,-
000 000 per year. Wages rule at $5 per day.
Mr. Loveland, a resident of Goluen City, is
soon to erect a blast furnace and rolling mill
at that point. The mill is to turn out rails for
the road that is to b constructed between
Denver and the towns of Central and
passing through Golden City, and probably
furnishing one of tbe many links in the over
land railway.