Below is the OCR text representation for this newspapers page.

(Chronicle & Sentinel. fiiinui attirne, xitixi The f'onslHutloiir) Amendment. In view of the mighty efforts which are now being made by the Northern press and politicians, to induce the ratification of these odious measures by the Southern States, we take pleasure in laying before our readers the following able article on this subject, which we take from that ster ling Conservative journal, the National Intelligencer. The views presented against it are to our mind complete and unanswer able : “ The advocates of the article to amend the Constitution of the United .States claim that it is perfectly fair and just, ignoring the fact that it is punitive in its character, and «post Jacto in one of its most offensive provisions, despite the express prohibition of the Constitution itself and the universal testimony of mankind against retroactive \ enactments. They now seek to bring about j its adoption bv threats of the worse penal ties which will follow its rejection. And ! perhaps no two papers are more conspicu ous for this than the York Time* and \ Evening Pont. When you have a man in your power, to insist on his doing what is extremely obnoxious to him by threatening j him with something more galling does not ; strike us as a very manly or acceptable ! method of arguing, especially to one of spirit and character. Nominally, at least, this is a free country, and men should lie left some choice ; but these journals scoff and threaten by turns, in a way that strikes at all possible choice. The question is to Ik: argued, not forced, else the programme of the editor of the Chronicle may as well be adopted at once, and three-fourths of ] the States now represented he claimed as , the three-foun hs meant by the Constitu tion, and the farce of sending it to the Southern Legislatures be recalled. But let us examine its provisions more in detail, and see whether it is the righteous and de sirable proposition it is claimed to be. “The objection which strikes one at the first glance is, that it is unfair, in that it compels a man to accept several dissimilar propositions as a whole, though he might favor one and be opposed to all the rest, or inclined to support all save one, which he considers obnoxious. That may be a stroke of partisan policy, but it is not just. * But the fundamental insuperable objec tion is, that it revolutionises the Govern ment by altering it in one of its most essen tial features. Hitherto each State has controlled its own electoral system, and prescribed the conditions of suffrage. But the firstsection of the amendment proposed, j virtually takes the power from the State j and vests it in Cougiess. The first clause | of the first section defines who are ci izens j —all persons born or naturalized in the | United States. This, without any dis tinction of sex , color , or capacity. The very next clause declares that “no State shall make or enforce any law which shall abridge the privileges and immunities of citizens; while the fifth section empowers Congress to enforce the provisions of this article by appropriate legislation. Now, what are the privileges and immunities of citizens? Are voting and office-holding not included? Is not a woman a citizen under this article as much as any man? Has not Congress the power to do away with all State regulations about length of residence, tax-paying, &c., now imposed by the several States? Hoes not this arti cle take the entire suffrage question out of the hands of the people of the States and put it in the power of Congress to enact not only negro, but woman suffrage, under whatsoever conditions a majority may de termine? Now, when it is remembered that ten States control a majority of the vote of the House of Representatives, and consequently of the electoral college, it is easy to be seen that by playing upon the ambitious hopes of a few Senators they may entirely override the State legislation of the remaining twenty-six. “But the first section is revolutionary in this, that on tho pretence that State coc 's and State •••• , interfere with t : oil- liberty, or ,'r i of the citizen, Congress may I'onsutut.' wi tie/ extend the jurisdiction of the Ivd'T.b i arts so as to bring all descriptions « before Fed eral judges How long would the State judiuiaiy survive such encroachments, and wliat becomes of our boasted system of local government and local courts for each community ? The centralizing power thus conferred on the Federal courts would gradually absorb the rights, the dignity, and the independence of the State. “Now, wo do not believe that the people mean to clothe Congress with any such powers. We donot believe that the Ilad cals of Pennsylvania and of Massachusetts intended by their votes to express their desire that the right of their respective States to control the conditions of suffrage should be transferred to Washington, or that the Federal courts should ever bo put in a position where they might cripple their own State courts by exercising functions not now possible for Congress to confer upon them. “As Pennsylvanians and Massachusetts men, they are not prepared, even for at taining the most desirable objects, to give to people outside of Pennsylvania and Massachusetts the right of saying that women shall vote in the old Keystone or iu the Bay State. In our view no object can justify such sweeping abdica ion of State rights, and though we might approve every other provision of this article, our objections to this would be invincible. “The second sectiou alters the represen tative apportionment. As this is now, it tests upon population. The section pro poses not to count any class of population whose male inhabitants, being citizens, are excluded from voting. It therefore com pels the South either to the loss of a large representative population, and the conse quent curtailment of political power, or the adoption ot negro suffrage entire. It must lose strength in the House of Rep resentatives 01 embrace an ignorant consti tuency en rntisse. South Carolina, for instance, must forfeit three members of the House or allow the negro vote to control the State, as the white population is les than the colored. This Massachusetts calls just: but there is not a fraction of its people but what would denounce it if the negro popu’atioo was in excess. The ad mission of intelligent negroes to vote does not meet the requirement ; the exclusion i of any male citizens throws out of the count of population a number proportion ate to the relation of such excluded males j to the whole number of men in the State. “ There is no more disgusting clap trap talked of, upon any political question, than has been thru't upon unthinking men by the special pleading of those urgiug this section. 1 Are you wiling.' they cry, 4 that one vote in South Carolina shall have three times the political power of one in New York or in Massachusetts ? Yet. if you allow the negroes to be counted as population when they do uot vote, you give three times the power to every white voter there that he has in the Nq§ih, But iu our State-divided government po litical power doe* not depend on numbers. As we have shown repeatedly, a voter in the First District of Illinois, where thirty two thousand votes are cast, has but hall the power of one in the Oneida District. New \ork, where but sixteen thousand are polled, fourteen thousand voters in a Massachusetts district wield as much power as thirty-seven thousand in Cali iornia. Nay, the diserepany is still more glaring. Rhode Island polled 19,951 votes —call it 20,009—in 1860. It ha two Representatives—one for every 10,000 voters. It has four votes in the electoral college, containing three hundred and thirteen votes. So that five thousand voters in Rhode Island cast a vote for President. ButN'. Y. polled 675,156 votes, with thirty-three in the electoral college, making a little over twenty thousand voters for eacn elector. So that in the election ot President one 'tuan in Rhode Island i? equal to four in New York. Again, twen ty thousand voters in Rhode Island count one in amending the Constitution of the United States, but six hundred and seven ty-five thousand count but one in New York. So that for amending the Consti tution the power of one man in Rhode j Island is thirty-three times greater than that of a citizen of New York. Yet a I.Lode Islander talks himself hoarse about the inequality of the political power of the I North and South. This is an unwise : question to be raising. The South has more than half of the now settled territory. It is made up of large States. Its soil is fertile, its resources unbounded. It will contain at no distant day a vast population. If political power is to be guaged by the rule of three, the -mailer States will soon be shorn of their State rights. “The third section prohibits from office all who have ever taken an oath to support the Constitution of the United States who subsequently engaged in the rebellion. To this there are two serious objections : First, it deprives the South of the services of many of its be-t men. We say this ad visedly. Some of the best men of the South honestly held to the secession theo ry. They fought manfully to make it good. Failing, they submit entirely, and have taken the oath of allegiance in good faith, and will observe it manfully in letter and in spirit. Besides, it strikes down great numbers of aged persons who had no lot originally in the rehel'ion. The provis ion does not reach those who evaded mili tary service, but are now the most defiant in speech as they were the most unreliable in action. A sturdy foe honestly conciliat ed can better be trusted than a halfheart ed friend. The other objection is, that it demoralizes the South. Whether right- fully or not, it is regarded as a degrada- j tion. We respect the sentiment. This i nation has nothing to gain by disregarding j it. Every humiliation put upon the South I is so much substracted from the manhood of th 3 country. No matter whether the imposition aimed at is in itself humiliating \ or merely so believed, that belief gives it i all the damaging force of the actual fact, j | and the degradation, as they think it, of j lice, of Davis, cf Beauregard, and Steph- | I ens will embitter and demoralise them, ] while it will intensify the feeling of devo- I tion to the leaders of a “lost cause”—a I feeling which it is our true policy to weak i en. ; “But the first part of the fourth section iis to our national discredit. It is a useless guard against a danger of which we ought not to tolerate a suspicion. No constitu tional pact can bind this nation to pay its debts; only the national sense of obligation. Let that be lost, and all the laws am l con stitutional provisions would avail nothing. A repudiating people will simply instruct their representatives to neglect to provide the means to pay the interest, and the national debt is hopelessly invalidated, with or without the constitutional provision. As it stands, it is simply an unnecessary announcement of an honorable purpose. Nay, it is like a husband’s formal procla mation of the virtue of his wife. That fact is itself an attaint. It were just as appro priate to declare in the Constitution that we will keep our treaty obligations, thatwe will not plunder our neighbors’ commerce, or uuuuly tax alien inhabitants. So, too, the latter portion is an agreement not to pay another for robbing him. No Congress would dare attempt to validate the rebel debt. If it, did, it would be sunk out of public sight, under a uselessly assumed load of popular infamy. “We cannot, therefore, resist the con clusion that the first section is too revolu tionary and too reckless of State rights to justify its adoption; that the second, with its alternative of letting every one vote, thus adding an immense volume to the voting ignorance of the country, or of los ing political power, is inexpedient and un just, while the third is both impolitic and demoralizing, and the fourth totally un necessary. Moreover, this amendment is proffered to ten Legislatures whose Sena tors are excluded from Congress though by that very proffer their right to admis sion is conceded. This, of itself, is enough to insure its rejection, even though it were the moderate and beneficient measure which it is proclaimed by its advocates. “Added to this is the consideration, that cannot be winked out of sight in the North, that if the constitutional amendment were to be adopted and carried out in the South to the extent of giving general ne gro suffrage, as desired by the lvadicals, then the representation of it would be greater in Congress than it now is under the Constitution, and four millions of blacks would balance a like number of the whites—the superior class —in the Northern States. The New York Tribune assserts that the old masters would con trol the votes of the negro element. If this were to be so, then a fearful oligarchy would be established.” EDITORIAL CORRESPONDENCE. Waynesboro’, November 23, 1866. Chronicle if Sentinel: The Superior Court met again this morning, having adjourned on Tuesday evening on account of the indisposition of some member .of Judge Hook’s family. The criminal docket was taken up to-day, and quite a number of cases of a petty character against freedmen were called and disposed of. Two plead guilty—one for the offense of larceny from the house, and the other, I believe, for liog-stealing. There are quite a number of these cases on the docket, and it will require ail of to day, and perhaps to-morrow also, to dis pose ox them Most of the lawyers from abroad have left, and the business of the Court drags heavily and very slowly. TIIE CASE OF DR. CARTER is set down for trial on Monday next, both parties having announced that they would be ready on that day. It is thought that there will be great difficulty in obtaining a jury in this county competent to try the case. At all events, muoh time will be re quired in getting the requisite number of jurymen present who can go through the ordeal prescribed by law, for obtaining im partial and perpendicular juries. The standing, social influence, and family con nexions of both the accused and the de ceased conspire to lend an interest to the approaching trial which has not been wit nessed in this county for many years. Doubtless a large crowd will be in attend ante upon the Court throughout the trial, which will last for several days. THE FUBLIC MEETING, which was to have been held on Tuesday last, to adopt measures to secure for the county a supply of corn for the next year, was postponed for some cause which I have not learned. The movement was a good one, and the people who are so deeply interested in it should not let the matter drop. There can be no doubt but that, by combined and associated effort and capital, corn can be bought in the \Y est and brought here at a cost far below the ruling prices in our Southern cities. It is to be hoped that the men of means and influence in this aud the adjoining counties will take the matter in hand, and insure success to the project. Among the many old friends and familiar faces, which 1 ha\e met here this week, I was pleased i to find COLONEL M. D. JONES, formerly one of the leading members of the bar in this county. Col. Jones commanded a regiment of cavalry during the war. which was conspicuous for eourage and brilliant daring, in the ever to be remem bered corps of the chivalrie Hampton, in the army of Northern Virginia. Col. Jones is now engaged in planting on a large scale in this county, and is one of the few gentlemcu whom I have met who are making a fair crop of cotton this year. He informs me that the corn crop is in his section, as elsewhere throughout the State, a hopeless failure. Col. Jones ex pects to leave for the West early in Janu ary. for the purpose of making purchases of corn for his own and the supply of hi? immediate neighbors and friends. He has had and is now in correspondence with parties there, in relation to the object of his trip and feels satisfied that he can pur chase aud lay down corn at any depot on the Central or Augusta A Savannan Rail road, at or below $1 10 cents per bushel. He kindiy offers to make pure rases for any of his planting friends urithout commissions. who may desire him to do so, and author izes me to say that he will take pleasure in serving all who may desire to avail them selves of his generous offer. The character of Col. Jones is a sufficient guarantee that whatever amount* ®ayb*«ntru*t«d to him i 1 will be judiciously expended for the use of ( those for whom he acts. This is an oppor tunity for proeuringeheap corn, which our planting friends will do well to take advan tage of. by opening a correspondence with Col. Jones at once. His address is Mid villc, Burke county, Ga.. where any letters of inquiry will reach him, and which he j will take pleasure in attending to. A SINGULAR CASE of attempted interference with the civil au thorities of the State, I learn, occurred j here this week. The facts are as follows: | Some weeks since a man who has been living in this village for about a year past, was arrested upon a charge of arson, and ; upon failure to give bail, was committed to prison to await his trial at this Term of j the Court. His character since he has ; been here has not been good, and he has ) been suspected for some time past of corn- ; plicity in several acts which have been \ committed in the town, in violation of the criminal laws of the State. Since the opening of Court, Capt. Martin, command ing a squad of Federal soldiers in the vil- j luge, has demanded from the Sheriff the ‘ custody of the prisoner, on the ground that j he is a deserter from the Federal army. The Sheriff has refused to give up the I man, and it is said that Capt. Martin has now made a demand upon Judge Hook for the delivery to the military authorities of this so-called deserter. Judge Hook, I learn, refuses to give up tho man, unless upon the request of General Tillson, and only then upon the pledge of the General that he seeks his custody with the view ! to his trial for desertion ; and further, that | he will pledge himself to re-deliver the pris- j oner into the custody of the Sheriffin case he | is acquitted by the Court Martial. The j universal belief here is that tho prisoner was never in the army, and that it is a mere ruse on his part and that of Captain I Martin to get him from the penalty at ! tacked to the crime with which he is I charged. It is very singular that the only ; evidence which they have of his being a deserter is his own confessions made since his arrest, and it seems very strange that | to avoid the consequences of a crime whose \ punishment is only imprisonment for a few years, that he should confess his guilt of a crime the punishment for which is death. I believe the whole matter is in abeyance until General Tillson can be heard from. The recent order from Gen. Grant declar ing thaithe President’s peace proclamation has aunulled General Order No. 44, which permitted military interference in some in stances with the civil authorities, seems ; not to be regarded by this Captain Martin, j He evidently holds himself superior to Gen. | Grant and the President, judging from his unauthorized interference in this case. It is not believed here that Gen. Tillson will sustain Capt, Martin, but a good deal of indignation is felt towards the latter on ac count of his action in the matter. W. The South As It Is. The following truthful statement of the condition of affairs in this State is from a highly intelligent gentleman—a Northern man who is thoroughly familiar with all parts of the Union. Wc hope all fair and candid papers at the North will aid us in giving it a wide circulation, so that misap prehension and prejudice, which is being disseminated, and prevails generally at the North, may be removed. Editors of Chronicle cf Sentinel. —An extensive correspondence with Northern men and Europeans, who are desirous of emigrating to the South, having convinced me that the greatest misapprehensions pre vai! among them in reference to the present condition of the country and the disposi tion of the resident population towards those who may come here to settle. I wish to set the matter in its true light before my correspondents and all others whom I may be able to reach through the medium of your widely circulated journal. STATE OF THE COUNTRY. Having established myself among the Pine hills of Georgia, in a most .advantage ous position for observation, and within reach of the best sources of information, I can speak with perfect confidence on this subject. I will confine my remarks to Georgia, though I have no doubt they might be applied with little modification to the other Southern States. I can state, without fear of contradiction, that no part of the United States is more quiet, peaceable and safe at the present time, than tha State of Georgia. I find tho people here earnestly engaged in at tending to their own affairs , endeavoring, with a good sense, whioh cannot be too much commended, to build up their shat tered fortunes, and restore prosperity to their beautiful and naturally opulent coun try. The political excitements which so agi tate the North are scarcely felt here, and do not disturb, to any great extent, the regular current of business. No condition can be more favorable to the peaceful pur suits of industry on to the enjoyments of social and domestic life. THE FRERDMEN are doing not merely as well as could reasonably bo expected, (considering the sudden and radical change which has taken place in their condition,) but a great deal better. They are generally peaceable, re spectful, well-disposed toward their em ployers, and, where properly managed, as industrious and efficient as their natural indolence and lack of intelligent skill per mit them to be anywhere ; so that, while there will be room for steady, industrious white laborers in various branches, I be lieve that we shall rely mainly on the freedmen for field work, and that they will not, in the end, disappoint any reasonable expectations. DISPOSITION OF THE PEOPLE. The people here are almost universally well-disposed toward those who come here to settle among them, whether from the North or from Europe. If there are ex ceptions, public sentiment prevents any unpleasant manifestation of opposition. In fact, the people of Georgia seem to be not only willing but anxious that Northern people should come here with their capital, skill, and habits of thrift, and thereby help to restore plenty aud pros perity to their country. lam here on the ground, and speak from personal know ledge. You will not only be safe here in person and property, hut, if you come in a friendly and conciliatory spirit, you will be cordially welcomed and generously en couraged. The editor of the August a Chronicle & Sentinel, in an article headed 44 Is it safe for Northern people to come South'? " lately said: “ HV solemnly believe that Northern men are as safe anywhere in Georgia to-day as they are in any district in Neu- England. If they come here to engage in farming, manufacturing, or trade, they will every where be treated with respeetand civility." I can fully endorse the statement. No fear can be more groundless than that of any personal danger or unpleasant hostility from the people among whom you un settle. THE POLITICAL SITUATION, though somewhat unfavorable, does not greatly effect the condition and prospects of the country. The politicians, thank God, can not blight our crops. Cotton aud corn will thrive under skillful culture, whoever rules at Washington; and our peaches, apples, grapes, figs, and strawber ries will command a ready sale and good prices, whether we are in the Union or out oi it. The political situation is far from being the formidable drawback, it seems to ?ome who look at it from a distance ; and besides the ferment now going on will soon subside and things work smoothie attain. SOIL AND CLIMATE. In respect to soil and climate, nature has dealt most beneficially with the South, and ; particularly with the State of Georgia. It needs but intelligent industry to make these lands wonderfully productive : and the variety of their productions is greater perhaps than that of any otner part of the world, and may be indefinitely increased. The climate is fine beyond description, and so genial and generous that it allows the farmer or planter to pursue his labors at all seasons, and rewards him in many cases, if his skill and industry deserve it with two crops or more a year from the same ground. NOW IS THE TIME 10 INVEST. Land is astonishingly cheap here at pres ent —cheaper, considering its intrinsic value and the condition of the State as a lettlod and improved country than any where else in the world. * It cannot long remain at the present low prices, and those who desire to settle here and yet neglect to secure a foot-holi at this favorable juncture, will deeply regret if, when a year or two hence real estate shall have risen (as it inevitably will,) to twice its present market value. No better investment can be made to-day than in Georgia lands, as I will convince any reasonable person who will come out here and see for himself. Those who have the foresight to secure farms here now will have incalculable ad vantage over those who shall come later. They connot come too soon. Persons desiring information in regard to lands for sale, and some of the bast locations for settlement, may address me at Belair, Georgia Ilailroad, Ga. D. 11. Jacques. November 23,1866. The Fine mils of (ieorgia-letler from Judge Starnes. The letter of Judgt Stances, which we publish in to-day's issue, we clip from the November number of the American Farm er, published in Baltimore. We make no apology for the space it occupies. It is a timely, well written and exceedingly inter esting production. ISuch letters are calcu lated to do the South more good, in her present anomalous, and impoverished eon -dition, than scores of political essays or hustings barrangues.f We respectfully invite the “fair, courte ous and honest” Cincinnati Gazette to copy his letter for the benefit of such of its readers as may entertain a notion of coming South. For the benefit of that press, and its Northern and Western cotemporaries, we desire to state that Judge Starnes is one of our most distinguished, intelligent and experienced citizens. He has held the office of Circuit Judge of our State Courts, and served for several years on the bench of our Supreme Court, which latter posi tion he resigned on account of ill-health. Judge S. has never held a political office, nor has he ever taken any prominent or active part in the politics of liis time. Such being his record and standing at home, we think his opinions will have much weight with the Northern and Western people We hope that the Northern press will give the South the benefit of a free circulation of this letter. Georgia Items. James S. Daniels, an old citizen of Ilaw kinsville, died on Sunday last. The infant child of James S. Spinner was burned to death at Covington last Sunday. The British ship Favorite has made three voyages to Savannah, from Liverpool and London, within the last year. The ship Admiral , which has been ashore near Jokeyl Island, has arrived at Brunswick, Ga. She is only slightly in jured. Five hundred and thirty-five persons have registered their names in Columbus, as entitled to vote at the approaching mu nicipal election, being an increase of eleven over last year. Mr. David Reid, one of the oldest citizens of Macon, died on Monday. Mr. R. used to trade with tho Indians when Macon was a settlement of but a few houses, and lias seen it grow up to its present prosperity. The ladies of Griffin have organized a Memorial Association for the purpose of protecting and ornamenting the graves of our Confederate dead, and thereby per petuating their memory. The Hawkinsville Dispatch says that two negroes, Dennis and Nelson, criminals from this county, confined, the one for murder and the other for highway robbery, were burned up with the jail in Abbeville, Wilcox county, a lew days ago. Beware of tiie Swindler.—The West Georgia Gazette of Tulbotton, cau tions the public against trading with one G. P. Lethbridge, Agent and dealer in coal oil burning fluid, &e., at 135, Maiden Lane, New York, and pronounces said Lethbridge a swindler. The United States District Court. — This Court, Hon. Judge Erskine presiding, met at 10 o’clock yesterday. No business of importance was transacted. The Grand Jury having iu charge the matters submit ted to them by United States Attorney Fitch, met at 4 o’clock P. M., and will con tinue their sessions from day to day. To day being a legal holiday, no business will be transacted. — Sav. Rep., 'Fid. The Bainbridge Georgian of tho 15th inst.,says: We understand that the City Council of Bainbridge, at their last meet ing, appointed a committee of nine of our citizens to make renewed efforts for increas ing the subscription of our city to the capi tal stock of the Atlantic and Gulf Railroad Company, and to that end a meeting of the citizens of Bainbridge is called for this evening in the Court House, at 7 o’clock. More Emigrants.—A train of seven or eight wagons ; from Cherokee county, Georgia, passed through this city yesterday, en route for Franklin county. The im migrants seem to be of a better class than any that we have seen passing heretofore and possessed of more of this worlds’ goods. Their stock was in splendid condition and we have no doubt, they will prove a desira ble acquisition to the community among whom they may locate. — Chattanooga Gazette, Nov.. 22. The Macon Telegraph says that Mr. Jas. Pope, a well knowu and highly respectable citizen of Macon, came to his death yester dry from an over dose of aquanite, taken through mistake. The unfortunate gen tleman had been suffering for some time from neuralgia and rheumatism combined, and the medicine was prescribed by his regular physician—a dose being two drops. On going home yesterday lie requested a negro waiting about the house to give him a dose, hut it is thought the liquid must have run down the side of the vial and en tered the glass. After taking it, he com plained of feeling badly, laydown, and in a short time expired. It is thought lie mustjjhave swallowed forty drops. Death of Col. Washington.—Our respected fellow citizen, Col. Janies H. E. Washington is no more ! He departed this life, this morning, at eight o’clock, at his residence, near the College. For some months the health of Mr. Arash ington has been feeble, but he was able to be at church on last Sabbath, twice during the dry. For manyyears he was Agent in this city of the Bank of the State of Georgia, was Mayor of the city several terms, and latterly he has tilled the posi tion of Postmaster of Macon. A more high minded and honorable man never lived than he. His age was about fifty-seven. He leaves a wife and family and man}' friends to mourn their loss. Peace to his ashes. — Macon Citizen, 22 d Suspicious'Character. A man whose name it is perhaps proper to withhold for the present, presented himself yesterday morning at the Livery Stables of 0. 11. Jones, Esq., and made application for a horse and buggy to go as far as Marietta. Mr. Jones could not understand why a 1 man should wish to adopt that mode of reaching Marietta in this fast railroad age. naturally concluded that something was wrong, and sent for Captain Lanier, of the Police Department, who placed the stran ger under arrest. Upon being closely questioned, lie admits having kilic-d a ne gro, either in South or North Carolina, and is endeavoring to make his escape. He now remains in custody to await fur ther examination.— -Atlanta Intelligencer 24. , A Man Drowned.—On Monday after noon last, at three o’clock, as the steamer Charles S. Hardee was passing Black's Landing, on the Savannah river (bound up,) she was hailed by two men, named Geo. R. Hood and G. I. Morris, both of Augusta, who were in a small boat, and anxious to get on board the steamer, which was accordingly stopped to afford them the opportunity. In endeavoring to get on board the boat was capsized by colliding with a flat in tow of the Hardee, and they were both precipitated into the water. One of them (Mr. Hood) was saved by the efforts of Capt. Daniels, but notwithstand ing every exertion was made to rescue Mr. Morris, he sank before assistance could reach him—a boat being promptly launch ed from the steamer, but just as it reached him he went down for the last time. Mr. Morris leaves a wife and family in Augusta to mourn his loss.— Savannah Republican 22. The Cable Tariff.—By the revised tariff for messages through the Atlantic cable, telegrams of twenty words or less, including the address of the sender and receiver, and not exceeding one hundred let ters, are charged £SO in gold, and each addi tional five letters are charged $2.50 in gold. Mr. Cyrus W. Field has announced that the company contemplates a further reduc tion of the cable tariff to oae-half the above rates. __ Maryland a Mediator Between the North and South.—A Washington ietter says that "for many reasons a plan is being considered in Maryland bearing upon the constitutional amendment question, in which that State is to figure as a mediator between the North and the South. The Baltimore delegation to the Legislature have had private meetings and passed res olutions requesting the Governor to call an extra session of the Legislature to take ac tion on this question. Several little iron steamers are being built at Norfolk for fishing purposes. The Day Book says they are Being well built and when finished will be models of beauty and a credit te the builder. GEORGIA LEGISL.UI S , r»« trccr«p.'t4 'tif f'" Monda' M«. tb* 19. 8 fix AT The Senate -< y. _ Mr. Strozier introduori bill to allow Court contracts to exte: >v a eriod of , three years. m . ! l lie rest of the after \ ■ spent in reading House bills afi a Did - emd time. j Adjourned. Ttnsgr November 20. ! .AftcrjßKiyer and r< ; , .’the journal, Mr. McDaniel! move. .r.sider the] kill i pxs:sid on veste ’ia * the relief of the people. Tho r lost. Mr. Mims, introdu el a I providing J salary for the et s ; J • ce. ihe bill to exempt >' and sale j certain property of r . btor in the | btatej waspfesod. xempts 160! acres of land, or 4ai -s ' y. town or village, provided tl not worth more than $5,009. ;■ s 2 horses or . mules, 3 cows or ca - ■ and yoke of j oxen, together with pplvofcorn. i bacon or pork. A • • ional books, : agricultural iraplen '.a Ac. | Mr. Griffin, int bill 'o allow i trustees of propert act* the same on ! their individual Mr. Mims, A inge the line ' between Scriven a Mr, Patterson. . u allow county , Solicitors a fee of .j s » sos conviction ! for misdemeanor. Mr. Strozier. \ make a misde- j meanorthe main:; >. sand other do mestic niiuals. Tlieifcill prov e. ... the sale by the : State at SIO,OOO. its , , igin‘ iuterest in the land known mth on lleser o, to the City Council o 31 , was passed by a vote of 25 to 1 . The Senate tl . f nod. It Will bo see: 1 eports of yester day and to-day. ta Senate has passed two of the m ; riant bills of the session, viz: n•• -ion of the Stay, law, and the > m or Homestead bill; but, as b iare obnoxious to the constituti .. ciples of Governor Jenkins, they : pass that station,” if they pass th< i so. and the battles will be to fight ov gain, as they were last winter. Stay laws, % t y members, arc net only of dou > Rationality, but of doubtful poii : lie masses ard clam orous for ri ‘ and a- this is the only manner in , ; a r iof can bo afforded, they say “th. gveau , good of the greatest number” r. . th the Stay law and the Homest- . ■: But credi >,> ... i word to say in these matters. T . debtors arc not the only unfor; : nes whose interests should belo: •: •. My own opinion is that comp i ■ ■■■ < Ijustment, and a readi ness of bot ii aid creditors to appre ciate eact it her : circumstances, is the only mean nent which will effect ually relic - : i . .ntry. The operations of the Sta; .>• bring about such ar range men 1 - these two antagonistic classes oi : sand may we not hope that by . meeting of the General Assembly n c fur Relief may come up from any ’ , It is the duty of the Press, of L islature, and of public opinion g 4 to counsel compromise, conciliatio . -,i: icut. Let not an army of sheriffs loose upon our impov erished p ; . sell them out of house and hon : t the debtor, shielding himself ' » ay laws, laugh at the unfortuii r, but go to work hon estly, e» ul energetically, pay what he e . r sen he can, and but few creditors - ind who will not so fear public op:. he will distress him. UOl >: *! ! ERNOON SESSION. The H i -pent its entire session in reading ri a 1 House bills first and second tin. . Tuesday, November 20. Dil : • ON THEIR PASSAGE. For roli • J. Anderson. He was an emp . ... the State Road in 1859, and wa. Messrs. Phillips, I)u- Bosc, I :d Moses spoke in favor of it. Mr. Tgs in opposition. Bill lost. To repeal law requiring a Superintendent of public roads to be elected in Wilkes and Lincoln counties. Passed. To authorize the Empire State Iron and Coal Mining Company to establish an office at Chattanooga or some other place. Passed. To allow defendants to be witnesses in certain eases. To ‘ protect Sheriffs in certain cases. If Sheriffs are required to make levies during the existence o( the stay law, they may re quire an indemnity bond from the person requiring them to levy. Passed. For relief of Mila E. Turk. Passed. To regulate continuances. Passed. To aid in the construction of the Savan nah, Griffin, aril North Alabama Bailroad, made special order for next Tuesday. To allow persons to convey water over intervening lands for mining purposes. Passed. To grant StaF Aid to Air Line Railroad, made special order for Friday next. To amend act for the relief of maimed soldiers. This amendment makes benefi ciaries of all soldiers, &e. Recommitted. To enforce observance of the Lord’s day. Prohibits running of steamboats and rail road cars on the Sabbath. Lost. To legalize certain acts of the Fulton Loan and Building Association, and of the Stonewall Building and Loan Association. Passed. To incorporate Sylvania. Passed. To make feme soles of Mrs. Shea and Mrs. Harriet McLendon. Referred. To appropriate dollars for the burial of the Confederate dead at Resaca. On motion, to fill the blank with SIO,OOO Messrs. Snead, of Richmond, Russell, of Muscogee, Glenn, Moses and Shard, ad dressed the House in a most feeling and eloquent manner. The length of these speeches, which were istened to by a large audience in the gallery and by the members with the most profound silence in all parts of the House, precludes the possibility of reporting them. The blank in the original bill was filled with $5,000, and the bill passed by a vote of" yeas 107 nays 7. This being a donation the vote had to be taken by yeas and nays. L. C. SF.NATE. Wednesday, Nov. 21. The Senate met at 10 o’clock A. M. Prayer by the Rev. Mr. Yarborough. Mr, Grisham introduced a bill to provide for the redemption of the bonds of the State that fall due in the years 1868, 1869 and 1870. Mr. Paris : A bill to require legal sales to be advertised twelve months. Mr. Simmons: A bill for the relief of Martha A. Britt, of Crawford county. Mr. Thornton: A bill to change the place of holding the Sheriff’s sales of Mus cogee county. Mr. Strozier: A bill to pro' ide for the payment of jury fees in Worth county. Mr. Brown: A bill to incorporate the town of White Plains, in Greene county On motion of Mr. J. A. W. Johnson, the Finance Committee were instructed to inquire into the expediency of raising the salaries of the officers of the W. & A. 11. R. and to report by bill or otherwise. Mr. Strozier: A bill to remove liens from judgments was lost, ' Seats on the floor were tendered to J. I. W hitakcr. and A. J. Ifansell. The bill to extend to the Macon & Bruns wick Road State aid, was made the order for r riday next. Bill to regulate the labor of convicts. Passed. Bill to provide for the education of indi gent maimed soldiers in any of the Colleges of the State. Passed. " I Bill.to allow merchants to sell drugs and medicines without license. Lost. Bill to change the line between Cherokee am! Milton counties. Passed. Bill to provide a system of common school education in Georgia. Made the order of the day for Monday next. Bill for the relief of Benson Roberts. Passed. Bill to abolish imprisonment for debt. Lo-f. Bill to make it a misdemeanor for any father to willfully abandon his child. Passed. Biil to prevent persons from bathine near roads leading to a place of religious worship on the Sabbath day. Bill to authorize suits to be brought against Railroads and Express Companies in any county in which such Companies may have an agent or office. Passed. _ Bill to donate Okefenokee Swamp to the Georgia Orphan’s Home. Passed. The Senate adjourned till 3 o clock this afternoon. HOUSE. Wednesday, Nov. 21. RECONSIDERATIONS. Mr. Brock moved to reconsider bill (lost yesterday) for relief of J, J. Anderson, j Carried. Mr. McWhorter moved to reconsider bill (lost yesterday ! to make it a mi?de_ meanor to cut off ears of hogs wheti ■ slaughtering them, for purpose of coneeal t ing the mark. Mr. McLendon moved to reconsider the i bill (lost yesterday ; to repeal the Ist sec non of an act to appoint vendue masters. Carried. Mr. Dußose moved to reconsider biil (lost yesterday; to enforce the observance of the Lord’s Day- Carried. INTRODUCTION OF HILLS. Mr. Picket: For relief of E B. Loyless. Mr. Runp’n : To amend 4,452d section ol the Code. Also, to amend 1,670 th paragraph of the Code. Mr. Cameron: To aenne liabilities of securities and principals in criminal prose cutions. „ „ Mr. WilKs: To allow Ordinary of Tal bot county to appoint a general adminis tiator for said county. Mr. Snead :To amend 1,971 and 1,975 th sec tion* of Cod*, Mr. Kibbee : To amend 954 and 971st ; sections of Code. Mr. Dodds: To incorporate Van Wert Mining Company. Mr. Ragsdale: A resolution requesting the Governor to pardon Pinckney A. Lewis, now in the Penitentiary. Mr. Oats': To pay Dr. Anderson for j treating sinaii-pox in Murray county. Mr. Bush: To amend the act authoriz ing Court contracts. Mr. Alexander : To allow Houston Fac tory to issue change bills. Mr. Phillips: To authorize W. J. Pickles to peddle without license. Mr. Morell: For Relief of R. G. Nor ton. Mr. Swc-ariugen: To make legal the sale of Bainbridge Academy lot. Mr. Powell : To regulate fees of Justices of the Peace. Mr. Staiiiugs : To incorporate the town of Senoi. Also: To regulate lines on personal and real estate. Also: A petition of Thos. W. Balton, of Coweta, for relief. Mr Gartrell: To furnish Cobband Paul ding counties with certain books —amend- ed by adding other counties, where th.ese books were destroyed during the war a ltd lost. Adopted. Mr. Sharp: For relief of G. W. Puckett. Also : To reduce per dime pay of Gener al Assembly. Mr. Dodson: To authorize suits to be brought against W. k A. R. R. Also: To change line between Catoosa and Walker. Mr. Weaver: To change time of holding County Court of Clay county. Mr. Williams: To empower Sheriffs and Jailors to discharge criminals in certain cases. Mr. Brinson : For relief, of J. S. Pente cost. Also: To change line between Carroll and Heard. Mr. Robertson : To remit county tax of Appling county' for 1866 and ’67. Mr. Simms: To authorize Superinten dent W. &A. R. R. to pay for wood and cross ties. Mr. Pottle: In relation to Militia Laws of this State. Mr. Reese: For relief of husbands and wives who have been separated 1 5 years. Also : For the relief of A. H. Kendrick. Also: For the relief of Mrs. Turner, of Sumpter. Also: For the relief of Dr. W. A. Green. Mr. Howard: To incorporate Georgia Company. . * Mr. Fraser: To punish persons who kill stock on lands under cultivation, without a fence. BILLS ON PASSAGE. To amend sections 204 and 206 of the Code. Passed. To authorize City Council of Thotnasville to issue bonds for subscription to S. (iu. & Florida Railroad. Passed. To authorize sale of certain of the Com mons of city of Columbus. Passed. To punish persons who hunt and fish on lands of others without permission. Post poned. To compel persons to pay taxes on lands in the county where the lands lie. Lost. The committee to provde for preaching in the Hall of the House on 22d instant, gave notice that they had selected Rev. Mr. Warren, of Macon, who had accepted the invitation, and would preach on the 22d. SENARE BILLS ON PASSAGE. To repeal an Act regulating sale of spiritous iiquors in Stuart county'. Pass ed. To amend charter of Albany. Passsed. To repeal Section 940 of the Code. Passed. For the relief of those who have failed to give in their taxes. Passed. To repeal an Act to compensate jurors in Tattnall county. To amend charter of Elberton. Passed. To amend Act incorporating the Central Railroad and Canal Company. Passed. HOUSE BILLS ON PASSAGE. To protect factors and commission mer chants who supply bacon, corn, etc., to farmers —(gives a lien on growing crops to consignees, factors and landlords renting lands.) Indefinitely postponed. Adjourned till 3 o’clock this afternoon. I enclose you the speech in full of Mr. Snead on the bill passed yesterday, to aid in beautifying, &c\, the Confederate ceme tery at Rcsaca. L. C. Mr. Snead, of Richmond, said : Mr. Speaker: The bill upon your table seeks to make an appropriation for the purpose of gathering together and interring the gallant dead who fell in our defence in the late war. It shall have the poor sanction of my cordial approval. With me it is no question of dollars and cents — it is not a question of filthy lucre, except so far as involves the amount which may be necessary to carry out the patriotic ob ject sought to bo accomplished. But it isaquestion of feeling—ofdutyand of gratitude which soars far above and be yond all such paltry considerations. If, at the present time, we cannot make large ex penditures of money —if we cannot do all that should be done —il we cannot build monuments and cenotaphs to commemo rate the memories of these noble men, or erect towering obelisks with which to mark the spot where our patriot soldiers sleep— we are not so poor but that we may ap propriate a sufficient amount to gather together and decently inter their bones. In doing this much, we but partially dis charge a debt of gratitude which no time can bar—which no money can ever pay. In doing this much, we honor the heroic dead, and in honoring them, we but honor ourselves. _ Why should we not honor them ? They yielded up their lives a willing sacrifice to the cause which they and we alike believed to be a just and righteous cause. They were the very flower of our youth that we sent forth to meet the shock of battle. At the bidding of our State, they enlisted beneath her banner, and cheerfully threw themselves into the awful shock of death, carrying with them their greathearts, every impulse of the soul and all the energies of their nature. They are gone! They have laid down their lives for us, and “no greater love hath inan than this, that he layeth down his life for his friends;” hut it is a pleasing reflection—it is a proud and happy conso lation, that they have left behind a record of which we need not be ashamed—a re cord that displays ail thatis noble and chiv alric in man—a record that will live when monumental brass shall fade and sculptured marble crumble away—a record so glorious that “Even the meanest rill, the mightiest river Flows mingling with their tame forever!” lam content with that record. I leave them in their glory. But with a record so bright, is it not a shame that their bones should lie in mourn ful neglect in the very rallies and on the hill-sides rendered historic by their deeds of noble daring. Ah ! had they left you in the hour of danger and in the time of trial, and enlisted beneath another flag and fought against you instead of for you, what would be the result? Instead of lying neg lected and almost forgotten in their rude resting places, some monumental shaft, lift ing its proud head on high, would tell of their fidelity and of their matchless cour age. Is their fidelity of so doub ful a character as to merit such a late ? Days of romance are filled with incidents, where knights have performed “deeds of surprise,” or crossed lances beneath the smiles of some lady-love, who stood with wreath in hand to deck the victor’s brow,_ while, with no less of the romantic, but pi more of the terrible, the ardent and impe tuous Napoleon, seizing his country’s standard, threw himself upon the bridge at Lodi. Ambition was the incentive—honors the reward. But where on earth’s green surface can be found a brighter spectacle of fidelity and of devotion to patriotic duty, than that of the Confederate soldier, who in many instances without the chances of promotion or honors of office, moved on ward with a sheet of fire blazing in his face, keeping only in view the honor of the glorious arm}’ to he was attached, and the liberties of his suffering country. Such fidelity not only deserves your praise, but merits that of even Angels and ol God. Though their brave hearts beat no more, though their lips are forever closed, yet there comes up from the rustic gray es of these gallant dead a silent but thrilling appeal for a decent resting-place in the bosoru of that State they so fondly loved and for which they so nobly died. Shall their ap peal be in vain ? The noble women of Cherokee Georgia, animated by the same spirit which sus tained them amid the heat and smoke of cattle, and the desolation of their homes, second the appeal not for compensation,, but ask only for a sufficient amount so en able them to discharge this high and holy duty. It is an appeal, Mr. Speaker, which reaches the heart, and which, 1 trust, will touch a responsive chord in every bosom in this hall. I feel —and iam proud to feel—that in nty feeble, advocacy if this bill, I but reflect the sentiments of he people of Georgia, and that I shall re ceive the approbation of the generous con -tituoncy which I have the honor to represent upon this floor. W EDNESDAY, November 21. . SENATE. The Senate met at 3 o’clock, p. a.. and on calling the roll and ascertaining that a quorum was not present, adjourned in re spect to the State Fast Day, till the 23d. Friday, November 23. The Senate met at 10 o’clock, a. at. Prayer by fiev. Mr. Yarborough. Mr. J. F. Johnson to reconsider the bill passed on Wednesday tor the re lief of insolvent debtors. Lost Mr. Moore moved to reconsider the bill passed for the relief of Benson Egberts. Unanimously carried. Mr. Thornton moved to reconsider the bill passed to allow railroads and express companies to be sued in any county in which such companies may have an office or an ag.nt doing business Carried. House bill to make advances to members ! and officers of the Legislature was amend ed by including an advance of $5,009 to the State Printer, was passed. .! The special order was taken up—the bill to extend the aid of the State to the Macon A' Brunswick railroad. Mr. Owens offered an amendment, which was lost, that the State endorsement be extended to oiilv that portion of the road which is at- present unfinished, and on condition that bona ride solvent subscrip tions be obtained*for grading, bridging and culverting the whole extent of the line of the road. Mr. Owens also offered an amendment providing that the bonds endorsed by the State shall not be regotiated at a greater discount than 10 per cent., and that the bonds shall be used solely for the purchase of iron, chairs and spikes. The amendment was lost by a vote of 10 to 24. Mr. Owens also offered an amendment ; providing that the officers of the road shall not~eugage in speculations in real estate along the line of trie road until that portion of the road shall have been com pleted. Lost. Mr. Blount called the previous question. The cal! was sustained. ' The bill was then passed. Mr. Butler offered a resolution providing for the appointment of a special committee to devise some plan by which the State shall extend aid to railroads hereafter to be built. The Senate adjourned. HOUSE —AFTERNOON SESSION. Wednesday, November 21. The House -spent the whole afternoon, reading bills a second time. Friday, November 23. RECONSIDERATIONS. Mr. Gartrell, moved to reconsider the bill passed on Wednesday to authorize sale of certain of the Commons of Columbus —• carried. Mr. McWhorter, moved to reconsider bill, lost Saturday, for protection of (fac tors, consignees and commission merchants —carried. BILLS INTRODUCED. Mr. Candler. A resolution requesting the establishment of a pay office; Also: To incorporate V ilia llioa Mining Company. Mr. Johnson : To change time of hold ing the County Court in Forsyth county. Mr. llusseli: To point out the mode of paying county Judges and other officers of the County Court. Mr. Swearingen : To incorporate the National Insurance Company in Bain bridge. Mr. Adams: To amend charter of Fire company No I, of Athens. Mr. Hill: A Resolution of thanks to Bev. E. W. Warren, for his appropriate and impressive sermon yesterday. Adopt ted. Also, to_ incorporate the Atlantic Manufacturing and Mining Company. Mr. Maddox: To extend the time for building the Air Line Railroad, and allow said road to consolidate with other roads. Mr. Hill: To incorporate Fulton Savings Bank. Mr. Maddox: To incorporate the Atlanta Depository. Mr. Morris: To give landlords a lien upon the growing crops of tenants. Mr. Brock: To change time of holding County Courts in Polk, Carroll, Paulding and Harralson. Mr. Mcßae: To change section 4,370 of the Code. Mr. Stapleton : To remit 50 per cent, of the State tax in Jefferson county. Mr. Frazer: To authorize J. Debarrow to peddle without license. Mr. Baker : To issue bonds by Lowndes county to build Court House and Jail. Mr. llagsdale: To abolish the County Court. Mr. Dozier: To change line between Stewart and Quitman counties. On motion of Mr. Glenn, a seat on the floor was tendered to Col. J. I. Whitaker. Mr. Green: To legalize marriages be tween freedmen and treedwomen. Mr. Du Bose: To define the law of simple larceny. Mr. Gartrell: To transfer to the State the charter of the State Quarry Railroad. BILLS ON THEIR PASSAGE. To incorporate Hancock Iron Company Passed. SPECIAL ORDER. To extend State Aid to the Air Line Railroad. Mr. Dorsey': The member from Hall, who by the way, is a man of considerable talent, spoke in favor of the bill, as did also Mr. Shaw, the poetical member from Stewart, Mr. Dußose of Hancock, who by the way, is one of the most conservative members of the II juse, spoke against the bill. Mr Adams of Clark, also, spoke in favor of the bill. Mr. A. is a gentleman of groat financial ability, chairman of the Fi nance Committee, and when it is known that the immediate constituents of this gentleman are not interested in this Rail road, and are opposed as. a principle to State Aid, the counties, through which the Hoad will run, will not fail to remember Mr. A. for his advocacy of this bill. Mr. Boynton spoke in his usually forcible style in opposition to the bill, and Mr. Moses of Muscogee, who never fails by his eloquence to attract the undivided attention of the House, spoke in favor of the bill. Mr. Pot tle of Warren, a very forcible speaker closed the debate and was opposed to the bill. The previous question was called on agreeing to the report of the committee, which was adverse to the passage of the bill, and resulted in j'eas 67, nays 64, so the bill was lost. SENATE BILL PASSED. To authorize ana require the Judge of the Superior Court in Circuit to dismiss the case of A. Glenn, who is charg ed with homicide. Passed. Senate amendments to the House bill to make certain advances to the officers and members of the General Assembly, when the House adjourned till 9£ o’clock to-mor row morning. L. C. South Carolina Items. Arrival of Messrs. Keys, Stowers and Byrum. —Our citizens, and the people of the State generally, will be gratified to learn that the gentlemen above named, who for so many months have lingered in prison, and, while-in Charleston, were under sen tenee of death, have arrived in Columbia on their way to Anderson, their home. They leave for home this morning, looking well, and in as good spirits as might be expected under the circumstances of their narrow escape. —Columbia Carolinian, 22 d. Westward llo!—Every day the stream of emigration flows through our town to the Great West. While we are rejoiced to see our citizens bettering their condition, of course they would not leave home, old associations, &c., unless they were doing so, still it pains us to see so many leaving. This country will never rise to its highest prosperity till a farmer’s cottage is upon every hill, and in every valley, till we have a dense white population, when every foot of soil shall blossom as a garden, and every stream send forth the busy hum from mills and manufactories. We’ must en courage white immigration. It is the. only salvation of the South.— Laurcnsville. S. (1, Herald, 16 th. , Homicide. —We learn that Mr. George Meyer, recently appointed Assistant United States _ Assessor of Internal Revenue at Blackville, S. C., was shot and mortally wounded, on Monday last, near that place, by two young men of this city, named George and Henry Sanders, brothers. Six shots, all of which took effect, were fired at Meyers, who was riding in a buggy at the time of the occurrence. He lingered noth Wednesday morning, when lie expired. The deceased was formerly in the employ of C. D. Ahrens A Cos., of this city. The brothers. Sarders, surrendered themselves, and were brought to this city last evening by Sheriff Williamson, of'Bamwell District. The affair grew out of difficulties of a pri vate nature, the particulars of which wc refrain from giving until an official investi gation takes place. —Charleston Courier, 2-ld. t Masonic Proceedings. —The Annual Communication of the Grand Lodge of Ancient Free Masons, of South Carolina, for the year of light, 5866, commenced its session yesterday, at Masonic Hall, in this city. I'lost Worshipful Grand Master, James L. Orr, presiding. There is a very full attendance of officers and delegates from most of the State Lodges, and the utmost harmony prevails. vVe understand that there has never been a period in South Carolina when the Lodges were more pros perous and the fraternity more numerous, vi e had the pleasure of meeting with a very large number of our country friends, mem bers of. and delegates to, the Grand Lodge, all of whom we found cheerful, hopeful of the future? and exhibiting their elasticity of mood and temper, which is the truest guaranty for our general recuperation as a people. The Masonic fraternity of the North, by the way, are reported to have shown themselves much more observant of the charities, humanities and sympathies of Christianity, than most of the Northern churches; and, while the latter seem to invoke Moloch only, the former have drawn freely on the treasuries of Mammon for the benefit of their Southern brethren. [Charleston Mercury, A ov. 21st. The Richmond journals contain accounts of a settlement of Polish exiles, on a tract df land purchased for them in Spcttsylva nia county, Virginia, by General Tochman. one of their countrymen. The new settlers have held a meeting, naming their tract of land “New Poland,” and presenting good will and greeting to the people of Virginia and the United States. The Poles are a valuable accession to any population, and will find warm friends in their new home. Messrs. James Crawford Thc-yes, Robert Elisha Byrem and Francis Gaines Stawers, having been released from Fort Delaware Upon a writ of habeas corpus by Judge Hail, of ‘Wilmington Delaware, hive arrived home. Tlie Pine Hills of Georgia, j Summerville, near Augusta. Gn.. 1 ! September 13th, 1866. j D. 11. Jacques, Esq , 389 Broadway, New Y ork: Sir:—l have seen your communication to the American Farmer , announcing your intention to make a home in that part < f the State of Georgia where I live, ana i though not personally known to you, I have learned enough of your character and auto- j cedents to make me desirous that you, and those whom you propose to bring with you, should receive a welcome to our State. I therefore have determined to write ion a few lines to this effect; and propose to en hance this welcome by adding something to the information which vcitr communica tion imparts in relation to* the Piue Hills, which you seek as a home, and in which, or the neighborhood of which, 1 have found a home for fifty odd years. You have said that the higher portions o' this belt of country were not very fertile. I Lett to their own resources, after a few years cultivation, this is true of them. But, it is also true, that the industrious hand of man can produce from them re suits, which are, perhaps, more remuner ative than similar exertions can produce in other latitudes. In the soil of nearly all this region the energies of production are stimulated in a remarkable degree by deep ploughing, sub-soiling and manuring. Pe ruvian guano, applied in connection with such effective upturning of the soil, pro duces, what it is not extravagant to call, wonderful results. Influences of soil and climate are such here as rapidly to effect disintegration where deep ploughing is used, and afford a matrix in which manures quickly and powerfully serve the generative forces of nature. 1 could mention some surprising results which have been effected in this region by certain of our large corn and cotton planters in past, yea'rs; but it will be more satisfactory and useful, per haps, for me, in this communication, to show what can be done among us by* care ful agriculture upon a smaller scale. One or two illustrations only have I room to give. A thrifty farmer, who is my neighbor, is engaged in the butchering business, and iucidentlv cultivates, chiefly with his own hands, about three acres of what may be called poor pine land; which, however, as does most of the laud in this section, pos sesses a good sub-soil of clay. This land lie ploughs and harrows thoroughly, and applies to it broadcast, stable manure in moderate measure. The present summer has been the most unseasonable by far, that i have over known ; yet in June, from ! about three acres of this land, this man reaped nearly fifty bushels of wheat. He immediately put the ground, without other application of manure, in late Indian corn and cow peas. His corn is now (September 13th) in the silk, and will probably average for him about twenty-five bushels to the acre. His crop of peas, and pea fodder, grown on the same ground with the corn, will be nearly, if not quite, equal in value to the corn. If he were to apply no other manure to this land for several years, w ith deep ploughing good crops of corn could be grown upon it, or more than a bale of cot ton of five hundred pounds to cite acre. But if, on the contrary, he continues to ap ply manure in moderate quantities, its pro ductive energies will become very great. A nart of this ground would probably yield him five hundred bushels of sweet potatoes to the acre. In my own garden, notwithstanding the unpropitious season, I have made, on the same square of ground, two crops of corn for the table; the second being now nearly fit for use. I have done this often; one year for the sake of the experiment, letting the first crop of common Indian corn (not the six weeks’, or Sugar corn,) harden and dry, so as to be fit for the mill. Then I planted the same piece of ground from it, and had another crop before frost. In that garden I have had a ripe cantelope in the last days of May. I have frequently had tomatoes, green peppers, and egg plant, until Christmas day, and once I had green peas in January. This garden is on the sandy slope of one of the picturesque hills to which you refer, elevated some two hun died and fifty feet above the plain of the Savannah river. It is due to this eleva tion, and the dryness of the air, that frosts are slower to effect vegetation than in the p'ains, and that we have vegetables and fruits, earlier and later, than in some fer tile vallies. It is easy to see, front these facts, that though our lands may not be so fertile as in some other portions of our country, yet that to the small farmer, who employs care ful and thrifty tillage, perhaps, as much, if not more, may be gained by double crops, without injury to the land, but rather add ing to its fertility, as in more fertile soils, where only one crop can be made, on the same ground in the same season. It should be remembered, also, that in our land thus cultivated, there is a mine of riches in its cotton-producing capacity, to which the farmer, by way of variety in his agriculture, can appeal, and from which he can derive a staple of quality only surpass ed by the cotton of the Sea Islands. And the seed from his cotton will afford the finest sort of manure for his corn. In past years many of our planters manured all their corn with their.co.tton seed. It is true that all the finer grasses of the North, clover, &c., do not flourish well with us, though some of them do very well. We have grasses, however, which afford fine pasturage, and by careful tillage, abundant and profitable crops of hay. Sometimes, crops of hay are thus reaped from the ground after another crop has been removed, and frequently good yields of crow-foot, crab-grass, and pea vines are obtained from the corn field, which have their growth after the corn is made, and without additional cultivation. But the pea vine is the clover of our fields, and is very prolific in yielding fine and nutricious hay. This vine, deriving much of its nu triment, as it docs, front the atmosphere, does not exhaust the land, and may be very profitably employed in soiling for other crops. Crops of turnips are very heavy on our properly cultivated lands, and afford food for man and beast during the whole winter ; continuing to grow until about December, and remaining in the ground all winter. Cabbages can also be cultivated successful ly in the same way, and sweet potatoes in proportion—often from one hundred' to live hundred bushels to the acre. Then, as to fruits, you know that peach es, figs, and melons of the most delieious varieties, grow here in the greatest abun dance, and when a little pains is taken, from June until November. Large and profitable crops of peaches and'melons are made for the market, and many go yearly to the Northorn cities. _ And what has been done by negro labor is slight indeed, compared with what can be done by some of your friends among the intelligent and industrious farmers of the North. Our people, in former years, did not give much attention lo the improved varieties of ap ples, pears and grapes; but a change, in this respect, has been gradually going on, with which my neighbor, Dr. Berckmans, that excellent gentleman, his son, Mr, P. C. Berckmans, to whom you refer, arid your friend, the intelligent and energetic Mr. Redmond, have had much to do, and now we have some fine orchards. Our trees are not so productive, perhaps, as in other soils; but the long continuance of a fruit maturing season gives us great advantages. By careful planting, the va rieties may be so cultivated as to afford. a supply of fruit for a longer season than in most countries. On the 31st day of May last, I pulled a ripe pear from one of the trees (the Maddin ") iu my small orchard ; we have had pear.-; of other varieties all through the summer, anu will continue to have-some for weeks tomome, though the drought, which prevailed a part of the months of July and August, Las injured much fruit and some trees. Vi hen my Lawrence, and Easter Beurre trees shall be a year or two older, I may hope also for a winter supply. Usually an abundant grape crop can be produced on our lands, though the Cataw ba, upon which we at first mainly relied tor wine, has, failed to a great extent. If we coOld continue to cultivate this grape sue cessfuily, (and perhaps treatment by some of your skillful Northern vine dressers might succeed with it here) a very delight ful wine can be made from it in this section. There is much more of sugar in this grape, when grown in our climate, than at thj North or West. The wine, therefore, has more of what is called body, is less acid, and keeps well; indeed, it seems to mellow with age. 1 have this wine, of the vinta ges of' 1860 and 1861, on my farm, which persons of taste cultivated in Europe, have pronounced fully equal to some of the best light wines in the Rhine countries. My neighbor, 3lr. Berckmans, makes wine from several varieties of'grape, and is quite successful with the Oiinton grape, which yields an excellent wine, similar in charac ter to the Claret or Bordeaux wines. The foreign varieties of grape, so far. have not succeeded with u*,’ though some times we get a yield from some of them for the table ; but the vines soon die out, and require renewing, in order to have a regu lar succession of crops, unless they can be more or less sheltered by glass from alter nations of heat and moisture. But some hybrids from these varieties, crosses upon the native varieties, among which are some very fine grapes, succeed very well with us. The delieious little Delaware Grape does very' weilon our hills, both as a table and wine grape; is not subject to rot, and is moderately prolific. If I had time and space I wouidmention others, which I either have tried or known tried sufficiently to say that they can be cultivated with profit. I ; should not omit to say, that the Scupper nong grape grows here in tho greatest lux uriance, one vine frequently covering many square rods of space, and yielding very many bushels of fruit, from which F have known a wine made which, after five years' age, resembled a sood and somewhat mel low Madeira. Wild grapes, as you have said, (some of which, with the aid of sugar, make a palatable wine,) abound in our woods, as do nuts and wild fruits of many sorts. As to tlimat» ; what you have said is veiy tiue. The heat is by no means sevei*. During the summer, refreshing breez' - re vail from she mp;, • forests prevent rudiatfon,'ani the empciattye tu a com Me: able extent. 1 bough this has been an uuu.-aiyiy war A summer, 1 have not heard of the thermom eter, m the shade,-exceeding 96' of S reuheit, whilst at the North, in many places, you have had 100° or more. Innu merable sun strokes have occurred with you, and i have nut heard of one in Geor- p l ' ■ t L lC | u l l el ' c . nco hetwc ausas to heat iu the longer-continuance 0 f our sum mer or warm season, though a great por tion of this consists of very agreeable au tumn or mdian summer weather Our waiters are mild. Almost am day in toe year women and children can go out and work wH bout ineonv enience. And u hat is more practical, though not more satis'ke tory, the husbandman all winter lorn' can either put forward .the preparation of hw land, or other of his arrangements for the ensuing crop. As to health : our Lilia of mortality wifi compare favorably with any in the w tM. lire absence of extremes in heat or cold, partially accounts lor this re. u 9. The dryness of the atmosphere—jics.-ii K- the aftluvaa of pine trees and pine wood —will account for the absence of severe colds, and ol pulmonary affections in winter, as well as malarious diseases in summer. The silex of our hills affords the finest filter for the rams, and gives rise to streams of sweet and health preserving water. In our gentle unuulating country, these streams are nu merous and perennial. hilst on this subject of the streams, I may as well mention that they abound witli excellent fish. They also afford to farmers good opportunities of constructing fish ponds, where they can combine pleasure vith profit, and raise large supplies of bream, red breasted perch and trout, (so called.) all of which are delicious fish, un surpassed, perhaps, for the table, are pro lific, and can be bred at little expense in great numbers. This is riot speculation on n . l Y part, but positive evidence as to prac tical facts. As to taxation, it is a notorious fact that the public debt <u Georgia is small. As you know the war,has not added to it, our Legislature having repudiated the war debt. Our State railroad brings in a large revenue to the treasury yearly, and relieves the people front considerable taxation. Our credit is such that the Governor has been able to negotiate with Northern capitalists such loans as we now need, and as serve to lighten, in this crisis, the burthen of taxa tion upon the people. The length of what I have written ad monishes me that 1 must not much longer trespass on your patience. I can only say, in addition, that our people, Mr. Jacques, are anxious to escape as soon as possible Iroui the desolating effects of war. They wish their lands, now the chief sources of their wealth, to he improved in quality, and increased in value. They desire to preserve their children from degenerating in the scale of civilization. They wish to have among them the strong preponderance of the industrious, moral, Christian, and educated elements of society. And they reason these can be insured by the execution of such plans as you propose, by t> e settlement among them of men like yourself, and such as you would bring with you; and therefore, they are willing to part with portions of the lands which pos sess the advantages that you and l have pointed out, on advantageous terms and at bargains. Thus, in the simple principles ol'an intelligent interest, you can find, if you choose, sufficient evidence of the sin cerity with which, for myself and friends, I welcome you and your friends to Georgia. Very truly, your obedient servant, E. Starnes. Seftmes—Winslow. In the city of Mobile, in the rude, un furnished sanctum ofa daily journal, sists a man of advanced years, w’.th care and anxiety depicted in his resolute eye, Ms outer walks of life are strewn with laurels culled from the dead past; his socia| circle filled with admiring friends, and his hearth surrounded with an estima ble, loving family. Iu his duty to that family, and devotion to a people, for whose welfare he struggled heroically, 1% assumes the responsible, thankless task of editing a newspaper. It i not patronized. He depends upon its successibraiivelihood, and in the honesty and manhood of his heartmakesan appeal to the people ; saying that it he is not sustained in his undertak ing, it must fail for want of means. His name is Raphael Setnmes. We leave him and traverse fifty miles of Dine forest, in a direct line, bringing us to Pensacola Bay. On its waters floats a trim looking vessel flying the U. 8. flag and a Commodore’s pennant. Inside, in a com fortably fitted saloon, sits a man of ihe same years, killing time as best lie can, and front his easy chair, with commanding wave of his hand, directs the movements of the Gulf Squadron of the United States ol America. When his monotonous life on that bay causes him to direct his imagi nation to his home, in the tar East, he sees there his family com.ortabiy quart red in a stone front residence, the gift of generous friends, and having all the comforts of life that well filled coffers, from a grateful, enthusiastic people, can command. He can want for nothing but promotion. Ilia name is Commodore Winslow. These characters are of 1866. In 1864 Capt. Semmes was the terror of the seas and the wonder and admiration of the world in his daring seamanship and heroic exploits. No deeds of cruelty, acts of inhumanity, or traits of dishonesty dimmed the splendor of his renown. In a fleet, frail, little vessel, he was hemmed in, in a port where he had but a few hours to remain, by a strong, well manned, well armed, well protected vessel iu command of Cap'.. Winslow. To put vessel against vessel, or tg attempt to escape, were the only alternatives. He chose the former and had not his shell failed, the Kearsage would now sleep with the Alabama. Success is virtue: misfortune blame ; and that chance which madeone man com mander, made the other an exile. The former turned home and met with his re wards ; rewards which the policy of nations makes honorable, even though merited by chance. Success is the worldly measure of merit. The latter, true to his cause and people, rejoins them in the field, and when they yielded he yielded with them, hav i nig no acquired wealth to place him at the envy of the true soldier with the musket on his shoulder and no stain on his character to impair his fame or place at the mercy of the foe ; and to day, as a true soldier and reliable bulwark of our Government, lie stands so transcendently high above the soldier with whom we compare him, that we wonder what mariner of institution our Government is, when we contemplate their relative situations. In days when ruler3 understood the cementing of people, and tiie building up of governments,. a soldier with Raphael Semmes’s services, would not be left a disfranchised outcast in the new order of things'; and it is to us a di grace that he is such now. If we have any hope in tho future at all, it is in a speedy healing up of the wounds of the past, and no more effectual mode can.be adopted than byforgetting that past, and extending equal rights and liberties to citizens of all the States. —Pensacola Ob server. Seven-Thirty Notes.— The rapid con version at the Treasury Department of seven-thirty notes into five-twenty bonds is attended with many difficulties on account of the numbers of lost or stolen seven thirty notes sent to the Department. Banks and per-ons dealing in sc ten thirties should remember that altnough the coupon bonds ctf'lhe Govarnuu-nt are issue i paya ble to bearer so that they will pass by de livery. they are good although lost or stol en. When in the hands ol a bona fide holder the case is different with the -even thirties, which are issued in blank, but with the words “or order,” instead of “or bearer,” imprinted on the lace. As long as a seven-thirty note ret. aim,thus in blank it passes by delivery lil o a coupon bond, and a bona fide purelia r for value can collect the same notwith- lauding it lias been lost or stolen. Butin ca.-o i lie holder of the seventy-thirty fills the blank space with his name, the note then ; ■ ■ me.. Isis property, payable to him or or.l and lie cannot thereafter be deprived of his tule by any loss or larceny of the note, any more than the holder of a chock or draft payable to his order ; and this is the law, notwithstanding his name may hav e been so skillfully extracted, by acid or otherwise, as to leave no trace of the name. If the holder of the note can prove clearly that his name was once written upon the face of the seven thirty, his title i- good, not withstanding the era-nre, and even agaii:>t a bona fide holder, for value, and will be recognized by the Treasury Department; and, upon proof, the note will lie pa and to him. All persons dealing in Government securities ought carefully to bear in mind the foregoing peculiarity of seven-thirty notes, which may, as stated, become con vertible into negotiable securities, payable only to order, which cannot ho the case with any of the coupon bonds of the Gov ernment, Raising Stock.— A correspondent of the Utica Herald scdcL the following sen sible hit in regard to raising .-Jock; “Every I breeder of mules knows that a good horse j colt cannot be expected from a marc that I has borne mules. The common theory of | this is that the blood of the mare becomes j permanently affected by that of the foetus, giving mulish characteristics to her subse i quent progeny. Applying this to the cow, iriit not likely that the blood of the 1 cow is permanently tainted when she is made to bear bad blooded calves ? And can farmers expect ever to raise good stock from cows to which, for the purpose of making them milkers, they have been in the habit of using any runt of a bull they could pick up ?’ ’ It is proposed to remove the Confederate dead from the Fair Ground Cemetery, near Lexington, to the Presbyterian Owoet-.-ry there J