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About Weekly chronicle & sentinel. (Augusta, Ga.) 1866-1877 | View Entire Issue (June 30, 1869)
Orouule <& Sentinel. WEDNESDAY MOBNIN6, JUNI 80. Judge Fleming’s Letter. In another column will be found a letter Irom Judge Fleming, late Judge of the Superior Courts for the Eastern Circuit. Judge Fleming ranks among the very ablest jurists of the South. He has never been a politician or a partisan, but has de voted his long life to the study of the law. 11 is opinion, therefore, will have great weight with the people of the State. They have entire confidence in his purity and patriot ism, and know that he is in every sense of the term one of Georgia’s noblest sons. It will be seen that the Judge takes the same view of the question which this pa per has in previous issues attempted to ex pound. Let every true man in the State consider well the great truths which the letter conveys. Judge Canlnlss’ Argument. To the exclusion of our usual variety, we give a large portion of our paper this morning to the able argument of Judge Cabin Us, in the Chancelly case. Although the decision in this case was made nearly or quite a year ago, the great principle involved has been invested with new interest since the publication of the opinion of Judge McCay in the recent test case of White, the negro Cleik of Chat ham Superior Court. Indian Springs. This x>opular resort is again attracting a large crowd of invalids and of pleasure seekers. We learn that there is at present a “full house” at our friends, “the Col lins’ ” most popular and accommodating hotel. We see in the MacOn papers that the railroads and owners of the stage lines from Forsyth to the Springs, have agreed to take parties to and from the Springs for one fare. This is a movo in the right direction, and will secure a large compa ny at the Springs through the entire season. We have been visiting these Springs for nearly twenty years, and have no hesita tion in pronouncing the water most effica cious in most of the diseases incident to our climate. There is no reason why Geor gians should go to Virginia and Saratoga for health, when wo have better water, aB good (are, as pleasant and attractive com pany, and as clever hosts in our own State. Can't the/ieorgia and Milledgeville rail roads respond to the action of the Central and Macon and Western Roads, and sell to parties from this portion of the State, tickets to and from the Springs over their lines at one fare. What say you, Mr. Superintendent Johnson ? “We pause for a reply.’’ Death orMaJorP. tl. Pendleton. The South Georgia Times comes to us draped in mourning for the death of its late Editor and proprietor, Major Phillip C. Pendleton, who was recently thrown Iron his buggy, receiving injuries from which he lingered until the 19th inst., when his spirit took its flight to another and better world. We have known Major P. long and well. Wo have watched him when pros perity smiled, and when adversity frowned upon him, and in every instanoe and un der all circumstances we have found him faithful, true, honest, upright and gener ous. W e have been proud to number him among our friends, and sincerely mourn his sad and untimely fate. Our warmest sympathies go out to his bereaved wife and sorrowful children under this afflicting dis pensation. The Kail Klcetions in the (treat States— Ohio and Pennsylvania. P...tli parties are actively engaged in Pennsylvania in arranging plans for the Gubernatorial campaign in the fall. Tho Radicals seem to be involved in much perplexity and doubt, not only as to the mau, but also as to a platform, upon which the race should bo made. Geary, the present incumbent., is said to be not only unpopular in his own party, but a weak man out of it. The leaders seem to concede t hat the chances arc now decidedly in favor of Democratic success, and hence much manaeuvreing and party caucusing is going on, looking to the introduction of not only anew man but new issues. The issue made by Sumner’s speech upon the Stanley-Johnson treaty is urged by Forney and othors as the meat available question which can be raised by the party. They hope, by making bellicose demands on Kngland, to entrap a large number of Irishmen, and secure their support of the Republican candidates, Already a few Irishmen of little or no standing in Phila delphia have been purchased, and induced to issue an address to their Irish breth ren, advising tlio latter that hearty co-op eration with the Radical party will secure an opportunity to avenge their wrongs on the British Government. As far as we have been able to judge, the attempt to array the Irish population against the Democratic party has fallen still-born upon the great mass of Irishmen in that State. The Radicals have other difficulties to contend with in their own immediate party organization. There are quite a number of aspirants for the Governor’s nomination -and one ambitious gentleman, a General Thomas—has already announce* himself as an independent candidate. The Democrats are said to be thorough ly organized and, so far, quite harmonious. The name of General Hancock has been suggested as a suitable candidate, and if he will consent to run there will be little doubt of his triumphant election. Iu Ohio the plans of the campaign are not yet fully developed by either party, but the Democrats seem perfectly sure of success if they do not make a fatal blunder in their candidate. The Cincinnati En >)Hirer of a late date says that the friends of General Roseorans will urge his name in the nominating convention, and, it is said, that he will not only be able to con trol the entire strength of his own party but, in addition to that, he will secure a large vote from the more moderate Re publicans. We are well assured that if the Ohio Democrats act with ordinary prudence in making their selections for candidates that they will swqep the State with a very handsome majority. Sound Views. The Savannah Republican, in reply to an intimation in this paper that it had not taken a decided position in relation to the effect of the Supreme Court decision upon the status of those negroes who have al ready been declared ineligible to seats in the Legislature, gives utterance to the fol lowing sound conservative sentiments which we commend to the careful perusal of our readers: ' \V hether the Legislature is bound, since the decision of the Supreme Court declar ing negroes eligible to office, to reverse its peculiar power under the Constitution, and reinstate the expelled members of the pres ent Legislature, is a question ot law —an entirely new one—and we do not consider it our duty to determine it. The arguments that have appeared in support of the nega tive side of the proposition appear to us to possess great force, and we cannot see that they conflict with the position of the Su preme Court. Should the present Legis lature take that view of the question and refuse to reseat the negro members, it will be no evidence that the same Legislature would not promptly admit negro members at any future session. The public should keep this distinction steadily in view and avoid an error that would naturally arise upon a complication of two independent propositions, A re jection of the colored applicants, should they come forward when the present Legis lature shall again convene, on the ground that the question is res already disposed of—will not he in conflict with the decision of the Supreme Court, or incon sistent with a bona tide intention on the part of the Legislature to respect it as law for themselves. . . “Upon the genera] proposition to, regard the decision of the Supreme Court upon the question of eligibity as binding upon the Legislature, notwithstanding they are made exclusive judges of the election and qualifications of members—in other words, that while judges they must render their judgments in subordination to law— we apprehend there is but little difference of opinion among the intelligent men of the State.’’ Ihe •larrenton Troubles. Wc published yesterday, I'rurn the New Voi k Tribune, a letter from Atlanta, pur posing to give a detailed account of the recent troubles in Warren county. The article bears the ear-marks of one of Booby Bullock’s understrappers, and was evidently worked up from materials fur nished by the scalawag, Chap Norris. Our object in publishing it is to show to the good people of Warren, and of other coantics, the outrageous falsehoods man ufactured by Booby Bullock and his underliDgs and hirelings for the purpose of working up another case for Radical- consumption and Congressional interference. Some of the most law-abiding and worthy citizens of Warren are maligned and misrepresented without any regard to decency or truth. The entire letter is a tissue of falsehoods from beginning to end, and shows to what des perate expedients Bullocx and his infam ous clique are driven to uphold their rot ten, sinking party. We have published from time to time a truthful narrative of the various causes which culminated in the Warren disturbances, and in every in- stance the origin of each has been proven to be of a personal and not of a political character —traceable first to the insolence of scalawags and carpet-baggers, but mainly to the infernal machinations of the so called Governor and his party. It would be an easy matter to take up in detail the mlmerous lies of the Tribunes Atlanta correspondent and to convince even an impartial North ern Radical of their total absence of truth; but were we to undertake to refute every falsehood ol Bullock and his incendiaries, it would avail us little. It would be a waste of labor. The Tribune and the other Radical papers which give currency to these calumnies never give a hearing to our version, and as our own people know them to be manufac factur.-d out of whole cloth for partisan purposes,we simply content ourselves with denouncing the author of the Atlanta letter to the Tribune as an incendiary and falsifier. Until our political status be comes more definitely understood and re cognized by Congress, our people must bear their wrongs patiently as they have done and await the earning of better times. Patience is a great virtue and the people of Georgia are now called upon to exercise more than is generally exacted of human nature. However, our people have ex hibited more than their share heretofore, and we are confident that they will perse vere unto the end, or at least until the State is freed from the ban of Congres sional interference. Bonk Notices. The Life op Washington (Illustrated), giving an account of bis early Adventures and Enterprise, his Magnanimity and Patriotism, his Revolutionary Career, his Presidential Life and his final Decease. By Hon. J. T. Headley. Social Circle, Geo.: Published by E. Nebhut. 1869. Wc have received from the publisher a copy of the work bearing the above title. The volume is a handsomely bound and printed book ol more than five hundred pages and is illustrated with several fine steel en gravings and numerous wood cuts, descrip tive of the most notable scenes and inci dents in tho life of the subject of the bi ography. Mr, Headley, the author of the volume, is well known in the Republic of Letters as the writer of those two popular and iii-eiriating books of biography, or, rather, of biographical sketches —“ Na poleon and his Marshals” and “Washing ton and his Generals”—and his “Life of Washington," which we have .before us, will, we think, be found to possess all the attractions and contain all the demerits which are the characteristics (of its prede cessors. Mr. Headley, a man of undoubt ed talent and remarkable imaginative' powers, succeeds in making all the subjects of his pen so vividly life-like and natural that his works lack the dryness and tedi ousness which generally accompany his torical biography and possess, instead, the fascinations of romances. On this account his works have been and always will be very popular with a certain class of readois. But with anolher class, those who are not willing to sacrifice correctness and truth to what is termed “fine writiog,” the author of the “Life of Washington” will not be so great a favor ite. Like James Parton, John S. C. Ab bott aud the other biographers of that school, Mr. Headley is an ardent hero worshipper ; his eye never observes, or his pen never notes a single flaw in the character of the hero for the time being, whose history lie pretends to write. In fact he writes not biography but panegyric. That this fault appears in the present volume and detracts much from its value there can be no doubt; but, we will do the author the justice to say that less of it is to be found in it than in his other works. We do not believe that the book will ever be of much value to the future historian or student of history, but think it will be found the most popular litp of the great Pater Patriot, among the mass of readers that has as yet been published. The story of the life of George Washington is treated in an entirely new and very entertaining manner; and, though the path is one which has been travelled by many writers, one of whom, Irying, was the greatest author that America has -ever produced. Mr. Headly has had access to information which has enabled him to publish many interesting facts which do not appear in other biographies, and by his splendid de scriptive powers and eloquent language has created a work which, lrom the time of its first issue, ten years ago, has been a great success. The work is published and sold by Mr, E. Nebhut, of Social Circle, Georgia. The Present and Future of Southern Cotton Production. It is now generally admitted (says the New Orleans Commercial Bulletin ) by the most experienced observers, that the ag gregate breadth of land devoted in the South to the cultivation of cotton the present year, is something short of what it was last year. This does not result from a less inclination on the part of planters to produce cotton, or to less capital at their command to assist in producing it. On the contrary, thanks to the remunerative results of their last year’s operations, they were in an improved financial condition and an eager mood of mind, such as would unquestionably have led them to under take to plant more largely of cotton, but lor the interposition of a single difficulty, that of procuring an adequate suoply of labor. It is interesting to explain, and important to understand, the precise na ture of this difficulty ; and the stubborn fact in which it has its root cannot be too often or too vivialy impressed on the com mercial mind. If cotton planters in general did well in 186S, theeolored employees in general pros pered in an equal measure; and, relatively to their needs and expenses, perhaps in a still larger measure. In proportion as their pecuniary condition was bettered they were indisposed to hire themselves as field laborers, and ambitious to set up farms of their own, on whieh little or no cotton would be grown, or to engage in some business requiring the least amount of hard work. Some went so far as to dream of an indefinite vacation from labor of any sort, a period in which they would abandon themselves to a delicious insou ciance in a life of independent leisure. Here is the secret of the stringency of the labor market whieh was experienced by planters in preparing for the operations of the present year; and here is the principal reason why it would be rash to expect the growing cotton crop to exceed,or to reckon with absolute confidence on its equaling the preceding crop. And, in the nature of things, this shrinkage of agricultural labor, at about the same rate, must go on from year to year as long as the bulk of this is confined to the freedman popula tion. It is true that Chinese laborers may gradually fill up the place in Southern agriculture vacated by the freedmen ; it is equally true that white labor, either native or immigrant, may succeed at length, by close and scientific ullage, in making, from much smaller surface, a great deal more oottou than is now produced.’ But these are remote contingencies which eionot be counted by factors in determin ing the actual conditions of Soutlicrn cot ton production and the immediate prospect of the cotton market as it may be affected by those conditions. For present purposes of commercial calculations, it is safe to as sume that the crop of last year touched the highest tidal mark of production in the pending industrial situation, and that the crop of the year canDOt possibly exceed it, and will probably fall below it. And, on the other hand, it would be quite absurd to construe the state of things above indicated as signifying an absolute limita tion to the growth of American cotton in the impending ,uture. The passimist view of the matter is usually the unsoundest and most pernicious of all. The opinion that the magnificent cotton belt of the South is gradually to sink into insignificance with reference to the production of this great staple, is no exception to the remark. The waste of war, in spite of many needless ob structions, clear beads, stout and hopeful hearts, and skillful and diligent hands are gradually and sorely repairing; railroads will soon be traversing.the South in every direction, leaving no productive region, however interior or remote,, without speedy ; access to market; and eventually the neod ! ful labor, attracted by assurance of profit, I and facilitated by abundant and rapid : means of transportation, will be had. —One Fare to the Indian Springs. We take pleasure in stating that we are authorized to announce that the Georgia | Railroad will pass passengers to the Indian 1 Springs and return for one fare —that is, j lull fare is paid to go but you return free. * This is a liberal arrangement and we have no doubt that many of our citizens wilt j avail themselves of it to visit so pleasant a j Summer resort. lion. A. H. Stephens. We regret to learn, by a letter from aj gentleman of Mr. Stephens’ household, j that the health of the great statesman, for the last four or five days, has been quite bad. A severe billious disorder has j induced a return of the painful symptoms from which he has suffered so much lately, growing out of the injury sustained by the j falling upon him of a heavy gate. We trust that in a few days he will be restored to his usual health. Grant and his African Minister. The New York World refers in a tone of ridicule to the tribulations in which the President has managed to involve himself since he came into office. Recapitulates the late inflictions he has been compelled to bear from the Boston people, and says they are slight annoyances oompared with the dilemma he will find awaiting him on his return to Washington about his ap pointment of black Mr. Bassett to Hayti. It says Bassett was appointed under the im pression that*he would gratify his Radical friends, or at least stop their mouths by putting their principles into practice ; and thinks that there was a practical justice in sending a Bassett to a Salnave. But it seems that the white 'attaches and white counsels over whom Bassett has been sent to preside will decline to take his orders, and it will therefore be necessary for the President to remove them all and supply colored substitutes, as was the practice of the patriots of Massachusetts during tho war. It sees no- reason to repine at this, for though the number of persons to bo ap pointed is net great, it must be greater than the number of Radical negroes who know how to read and write. But, all this accomplished, the World thinks his troubles will only have begun ; for iho of ficers of the navy whose necessities take them to Port au Prince, are imbued with what Mr. Sumner calls the accursed spirit of caste, and will not (recognize the exist ence of the black and blighted Bassett, and therefore it will be necessary for the West India squadron to be supplied with black officers. It thinks Borie will be fully equal to his task. And here comes an other complication. Tho United States Minister is the ranking member of the Diplomatic Corps residing near the Court of Salnave, and the European members of this corps are poor whites who will object to serving with any subordination to a ne gro, and hence European Governments must remove mutinous Caucasians and supply their places with Congoes. But the end is not yet reached. For, says the World, Salnave himself objects to the mis sion of colored citizens to him. It says : “It is most absurd on the part of Salnave, but it cannot be helped. Here is indeed a modus. Wo cannot, we will not, we must not give up our black Bassett. We must, therefore, in defence of our great principle, depose Salnave and putin one of his com petitors who will bemore amenable to the claims of justice. We might, indeed, bribe Salnave with anew red shirt to fore go his opposition, and take the obnoxious Bassett to his bosom. But we leave it to Senator Sumner whether it would not der ogate from our dignity as a great nation thus to sue as for a favor for what we ought to demand as a right, “What extrication is there for our poor President from this hobble ? There is, indeed, one course open to him, by which he could syoid all the disagreeable conse quences which we have pointed out as the logical results of his present course. That course is to recall Bassett, in defiance of Sumner’s great principle and of the claims of humanity, to confess that the prejudices of the world are things which a government can neither ignore or extirpate, and to own that he, the President, has blun dered.” The Rights of Legislative Bodies in the Convention. The Supreme Court ofthe State of New York has addressed Alderman CulkiD, now sitting as Alderman of the Ninth District in the Board of Assistant Aider men, not to be entitled to his seat, and de clared his contestant, McYeaney, to be en titled to it. The judgment was rendered by Hon. Joseph Mullen, one of the Justi ces of the Filth Judicial District, and the order duly served on the Clerk of the Board of Assistant Aldermen. At a meet ing of the Board on the 21sl inst., Mr. MoVeany demanded the seat at the Board occupied by Peter Culkius, and that he be recognized as Assistant Alderman, in ac cordance with the order of the Supreme Court, The charter of the city of New York, granted by the Legislature of that State in 1857, in language borrowed ver batim from the Constitution of the United States and the State of New York, ex pressly provides that each Board of the Common Council shall be the judge of the election and returns as well as the qualifi cations of its own members. Hon. A. Oakey Hail, Mayor of the city of New York, in a message to the Board of As sistant Aldermen, says: “This is the first time that I have heard of a court undertaking to interfere with the right of a legislative body to judge of the election and returns of its own members in this country, although under the charter of 1830 the Supreme Court once passed upon qualifications. But the charter of 1557 provided that each Board of the Com mon Council shall be the judge of the elec tion and returns as well as the qualifications of .its own members. This phra-e, ‘of election and returns,’ wa3 then for the first time in our charter history borrowed verbatim lrom the Constitution of the United States and of this State, and the phrase has always been properly construed to mean that only legislative bodies shall judge of the matter embraced by these words of power. It is your duty, of course, to respect any judgment of a court; but it is also your duty, out of self-respoct, and from a regard to the law of the State or ganizing your own body, to maintain its rights and privileges. The Board of As sistant Aldermen is now in p'ace of the board referred to in the charter of 1857. I have, therefore, to recommend that if Mr. McYeaney shall present himself under the judgment of the court you treat it in the nature of a contested claim, and that you refer the claim, whatever it may be, to a special committee, and cause to be cited before that committee the said claimant and Mr. Culkin, and take the proper action to determine who is the righful member." In accordance with the suggestion of the Mayor the Board of Assistant Aldermen have referred the whole matter to a Com mittec cf three with instructio'os to report at the next meeting of the Board We arc curious to sec whs.t will be the action of the Supreme Court in case of refusal by the Board of Assistant Aider men to obey the order of the Court to oust Culkin and recognize McYeaney. The published account does not give the Judicial proceedings of the Supreme Court, nor indicate the grounds which induced the Court to entertain jurisdiction, nor the merits of the case, which determined the judgment of the Court. Our impression is, that Mc\ eaney contested the election on the ground of fraud, and upon adverse decision before the Board of Aldermen, appealed to the Supreme Court. This ease a ill be not without interest at the pres ent juncture. THE BUCKS AGAINST THE WHITES: The contest in Virginia between the Con servatives and the allied negroes and car pet-baggers is waxing warm. The carpet baggers have succeeded in rousing the negroes to a fearful pitch of excitement, and it will be a marvel if the election, which takes place in a few days, passes off without violence and bloodshed. The Richmond Whig , noticing some re cent negro meetings in that city, says : “The negroes are inflamed with intense malignity against the whites and will be content with nothing less than absolute supremacy. The terms which the speakers habitually employ to characterize the whites are “Our inimies.” One, address ing the carpet-baggers, who are suspected of trying to mar the fair proportions of the black ticket, said: “White men, you had better mind what you are doing. You say this ticket is too black! It ain’t too black for us, and we are the majority. You ain’t nothing without us.” Another conspicu ous orator and leader repeated his inter rogatories of a previous meeting : “Don’t you want to conquer? Don’t you want the Legislaturs ? Don’t you want the Judges? Don’t you want the melisby ? i With these.three things we can defy every thing for two hundred years.” His ques j tiona were answered affirmatively and j loudly applauded. Another said he was no Walker man ; he had been walking i for two hundred and fifty years, and he j was determined to ride for tho next two hundred and fifty. “These are. the impromptu utterances of their hearts, and betray their noble am bition. They are intent on supreme do minion. If they can help it, no white man shall possess any rights in this Common wealth. They will monopolize all them selves. The Legislature, the Judiciary and the Militia—these elements of power— they claim them all. Scarcely emerged from a state of cannibal barbarism, they insolently challenge supreme rule, and wage fierce and aggressive war against all others’ rights. Equal rights for them selves will not suffice. They must have all rights and everybody else no rights at all. “This is their programme. They will listen to no overtures for peace and co operation. Ail or nothing, is their policy. “It was not unpleasant to hear the con temptuous aud scornful terms in which they spoke of the miserable whites who are aiding them in their nefarious schemes. These wretches make a mighty fuss about social ostracism; we suppose they will realize their level when the negroes turn their noses up at them.” Tiie Crops—Agricultural Report for May and June. Mr, J. R. Dodge, statistician of the Agricultural Department, has submitted to Commissioner Capron his reports for the months of May and Juno. The re port contains a full report of the condition of the crops throughout the country, from which we learn that the season has been somewhat peculiar ; the mean temperature has been comparatively low, deluging rains frequent, hail storms in unusual frequency and severi’y; frosts have been more de structive in the South than in the North, the cold and backward Spring delaying bud development and flowering in the higher latitudes, and assuring a more abundant supply of iruits in the more Northern half of the country, with an unusual deficiency iu the Southern. The season has been generally well suited to the growth of small grains throughout a wider geographical range than usual, ana iu more of the circumstances favoring successful production. This Spring a cooler temperature in May and June has favored health and growth of wheat in latitudes North of 40°, and rust has been less prevalent than usual, and the promise greater of a satis factory yield. The returns show a high average condition of wheat, and indicate a good prospect of an abundant crop, if no casualities occur before or after harvest. It should be observed, however,' that the size succulence of the stalk somewhat fa vors “lodging” or “laying,” which is re ported as already somewhat serious in part3 of the South and West. Effjrt has been made to obtain reliable information concerning acreage. The result shows a gratifying increase, amounting to about six percent., or more than the advance in population. Rye, barley and other grains are gener ally in fine condition. The largest increase is in barley, The oat crop is not quite in average condition in some parts of New England, and in parts of Ohio, Indiana, Illinois and Minnesota, while in the more Southern States the temperature of the Spring months has effected a decided improvement in a crop that generally suf fers in these latitudes by sudden and ex treme elevation of temperature at the season of heading. Corn planting has been everywhere re tarded, either by excess of rain or cold,and partial replanting has been an inevitable necessity, at some points, to the extent of one-fourth the area, in some cases one third or one-half. Latest returns represent the crop as backward, in some ins-.ances feeble, but generally green and vigorous, with a promise—a favorable season inter vening—of a fair yield. The extent of area planted has been limited by the sup ply of labor and the neeessity for re-plant ing. The high prices of 1868 have stimulated the business of cotton growing ; new operators have flocked into it, old planta tions have enlarged their boundaries, and the indications are, unless Providence in terferes to prevem the injury which will arise from a large crop at the present time, that prices will decline, when' an increase of 25 per cent.in bales will yield no increase in dollars, and tba profit of the culture, as of yore, will be absorbed in the pur* chase of corn and baeon, which should be grown ami cured at home. Complaints of late planting, bad stands, cold and unfa vorable '.feather, are more or less general throughout the ootura States ; yet it will prove a very bad year for the plant if the product of last year shall not be attained. It is not too late, with good weather and exemption from insects, to obtain a yield of 3,000.000 bales, which is quite as much as the markets of Europe and America re quire at present, in addition to the growths of other cotton fields ; a larger yield will be sure to reduce materially the price obtained. The actual increase in acreage planted will be calculated for the July report. Sorghum will be cultivated more exten sively than for many years, for syrup mainly, but in some places with the in i tention of attempting sugar-making, i Hops are generally looking well. It} Rieh > land, Crawford, Columbia and W aushara counties, Wisconsin, yards have been plow ed up, as well as in Montcalm, Livingston and Calhoun, in Michigan, and in Min nesota and elsewhere ; yet the prospect is good for an ample supply of the market. Particulars concerning a variety of other crops may be found in the tables of comparative acreage and condi tion, and in extracts from reports. The yield of small frui.s js unusually abundant, with a fine premise iqr tfic-sa coming in later in the season. Peaches' will be abundant in New Jersey and Dela ware. There wiil be a fair crop in the West, and a short supply only in some localities in the Southern States, wfieie untimely frosts prevailed. Bnllock's Letter Declining to Partici pate In the Boston Peace Jubilee. Boston, June 20th, 1869. Editors Chronicle Y .Sentinel: Thinking you may not not have seen the letter from your Governor in the Daily Evening Transcript, “double supplement,” of June 14th, declining an invitation to our Jubilee. I herewith send it to you : Executive Department, 1 Atlanta, Ga., May 31st, 1869. | Gentlemen: —I have the pleasure to acknowledge the honor conferred by your kind invitation of the 20th instant. I most sincerely regret the necessity for my pres ence home, to do whatever may be in my power to secure for the L nmn men and the enfranchised freedmen that peace and pro tection which should be the certain accom paniment ol “restoration of the Union of the States,” which you propose to com memorate, will prevent my participation in your festivities on the loth proximo. I have the honor to be, very repectfully, Your obedient servant, Rufus B. Bullock. How beautifully your noble carpet-bag ger displays his bad patriotism in bad syntax and boorish style Now, as I so journed with you last Winter, I happen to know something about the labors of this chance patriot’s labors in behalf “of Union men and enfranchised freedmen.” His patriotism and benevolence could rse to the height of an Opera House specula tion. But it could rise no higher. It could not rise high enough to enable him to give the Executive sanction to a joint resolution of your Legislature to defer to the judgment of the Supreme Court in the matter of the right “of the enfranchised freedmen to hold their seats in your Gen eral Assembly.” His patriotism could rise high enough to appropriate the public funds, without color of law, making no ac count thereof. But this was the utmost height to which it could soar. 1 became thoroughly satisfied, staunch Republican as I am, that this man plots mirchief for self-aggrandizement. He cares for noth ing, seeks nothing, save that which puts power his hands and money in his purse. Your people mistake most egre giously the views and feeling ofthemassof the Northern Republicans, and at tribute to your Governor an in fluence with the party he does i?ot possess. Conduct similar to his in our State, would have brought upon him summary punish ment by the joint action of all parties. The Republican masses here do not care a jot or tittle how you mauage your State affairs. They were led to believe that no. Northern man could neither travel with safety through your State, nor be secure as a settler in it. Intercourse, especially that of the last season, has removed to a great degree such impressions, although your history and reports prior to the War make it a difficult matter to overcome them. Nevertheless, they no longer prevail as the rule. Verymany New Englanders have gone down into your and other Southern States in search of health, and to avoid the rigors of our New England Winter. Many have made investments there in laud, planta tions, railroads, &c. I have yet to see a single one who complains of your people. There are complaints about your hotel ac commodation and minor matters, but these things will soon rectify themselves with increased travel amßmigration, which you may surely expect the coming season. By the way, since my return home, I have made some inquries respectin - your Governor’s early career. If you will write to , Springfield, Massachusetts, where the Governor as a telegraphist begun his career, you will obtain a correct version of the first quiet event ol his life, which made him a notable. It wiil afford some spicy reading for the columns of the Chronicle & Sentinel. The papers, doubtless, have reached you ere this, giving you full accounts o's our “Peace Jubilee,” which was a maguili cent success, to the great delight of all Bostonians. Ail believe that it is the dis tinctive mark of a great and glorious era of peace and prosperity, notwithstanding your Governor could not leave “his war” on Georgia to “participate in our festivi ties.” I regret greatly that the Courts prevented the Chronicle & Sentinel from being represented by one or both of its helmsmen. Truly yours, S. Tlic Supreme Court Decision-Letter from Judge Fleming. Savannah, June 23d, 1869. A. R. Wright, Esq : Mr Dear Sir—Yours of the 21st inst., requesting me to give for publication in the Chronicle & Sentinel, my opinion upon the effect of the decision lately made by the Supreme Court of Georgia, upon the status of the expelled negro members of the present Legislature is received. I have no idea that my opinion will have, or indeed ought to have, any weight in “moulding public opinion,” but as you desire it, and only because you desire it, I will give it. I can see no reason whv this decision should have an effect different from other decisions. The decision of a Court, decides the case in which the decis ion is made, and of course becomes a pre cedent for the decision of other cases in which the same question arises. But who ever heard that the decision of any onc case, 1, decided every case involving the same question. There must be a seperate de cision in every case as it comes up. The case decided by the Supreme Court, settles the question that White, although a negro, may 1 old the office of Clerk. It can have no other effect beyond the retaining of White in office, except as authority to control the decision of other cases as they arise involving the same question. But the decision wiil have to be made in every case. It cannot possibly have tho effect to put in or out of office others who are strangers to the judgment. Is it not a we'l settled principle that a judg ment binds only the parties to it? There are some cases iu this county (Chatham), where white persons have been installed into office by the Ordinary, who, I think, very properly felt it his duty to do so, under the decision of Judge Sohlcy. Can it be that the effect of the decision in the case of White is to put them out and put the negroes in? Could a judgment of ouster be entered up against them on the judgment of the Supreme Court in favor of White? Can these negroes be put into office except by proceedings regularly in stituted for the purpose? I think no;. The same, I suppose, is true of the negroes who were elected to the Legisla ture. The decision in the case of White cannot put them in, or the white men out, and for the simnle reason they were not parties to that act. And now comes the question, can the negroes elected to the Legislature make a ease before the judicial tribunals of the State? I have no difficulty in saying they cannot. There is but one tribunal with jurisdiction to decide this question, and from the decisions of that tribunal there is no appeal, it is final and conclusive, there being no other tribunal before whieh the decision can be reviewed or reversed. That tribunal is the Legislature itself. “Each House shall be the judge of the election returns and qualifications of its members, &c.” Constitution Article 3, Section 4. Respectfully, &e., W. B. Fleming. Education. Editors Chronicle & Sentinel: We have heard of a certain sagacious youth who, desirous of carrying a huge ox upon his shpulder, conceived' the plan of lifting the calf every day, believing very justly that he would grow with the calf’s growth and strengthen with the calf’s strength, until he would finally be an equal match for the ox. This was no unwise plan. But if one should be so foolish as to attempt to shoulder all at once the heavy ox, he would be apt to sink under the weight, and perhaps have his frame so distorted, his health so impaired as not to be able to display any feats of strength in future. We consider that the heavy tasks so in discreetly imposed upon the youths of the country are calculated to weaken rather than develop their minds. No allusion is here made to the length of lessons ( or they are seldom too long); rather the na ture of those lessons, whether they have a tendency to gradual and thorough discip line by awakening earnest thought and kindling a lively interest in the mind of the student, whose clear comprehension of the studies before him will enable him to feel his progress and exult in the conviction that there is with him “no day without a line.” It is of paramount importance to estimate the strength, or, what is more practicable still, to seek to know the Lent of the mind before it is burdened beyond its capacity, The youth may never be able to shoulder the ox, why no t rather then have him raise the yearling than waste his strength in fruitless efforts. This should be a matter of consideration to parents and guardians, and not left to Teachers, who ate so often changed during the educational course of a child. But there are other considerations no less im portant. The pecuniary means and the time that can be spared lor the purpose of au education are matters of great moment to the Southern people especially. Os course an accurate estimate of these things cannot be made, since mere are so many changes of fortune in one’s life, yet we venture to say there are few beads of families but qao arrive at some tolerable understanding in regard to them, itnow ing the inclination of foe mind we should furnish studies peculiarly adapted to it; knowing the means that are to be employ ed, such branches ot study should be pros ecuted as paq he thoroughly mastered within the time afforded liir the purpose in view. But above ail things begin grad ually, systematically ; begin with the calf, and proceed to the extent of which time, means and talents wilt admit. For what purpose is an educatio. ? that part of it we mean that is acquired at school ? Is it not to discipline the mind, strengthen and enlarge it, liberalize its views and convic tions, elevate and ennoble it that it may the more easily grasp whatever may come in reach of it in after life ? At school we lay the foundation; let that foundation be firm, secure, lasting; reliable for sound ness, available lor use, answerable for every good and noble purpose. Afterward the superstructure maybe erected and what grander edifice is there than this mind of rolid attainments and elegant accom plishments? The temple at Ephpsus was grand, indeed, but there was no true and living oracle within it- Circumstances will not admit of every house being built on the same order. The natural site may, not be as suitable for one mode of structure as another; nor the time and means ade quate to extensive plans. Is it necessary that it should be exactly on the order of every house in the neighborhood of it? This would be servile imitation. Let there be a proper adaptation of means to ends, Lot the house be small, yet complete, rather than undertake to build what can h . u J shcd - "Variety is the spice oi life. We see pyramidal forms all alone in majestic appearance, supporting as it were, the mighty world with the’giant strength of an Artas-arrayed in ail the antique, hieroglyphic characters so well bentti-g their sombre mysteriousness— grand monuments, erect like the powers of Hercules to mark the extent of human learning. Again we see less aspiring struc tures— such,. indeed, as are better suited to the use and convenience of man. We must acknowledge the force of the trite but just apothegm • ‘ Many men of many minds.” Minds differ as much as exterior forms and stand in no less need of becoming apparel. \V hat may be readily acquired by oue mind may be Greek to another: what height may be attained, what skill may be dis play ed by one may be too lofty pretensions tor another, who would more likely move 'safest in the middle way.” Let Phcabus drive the Chariot of the Sun, and the rash 1 hston essay to and j what is suited to his strength! Because wo are accustomed to see this child and that child studying Greek, Latin, and a littic French, &e., is it any reason why every child should be carried through the same routine, no matter what the in clinat on of its mnd may be ? Parents are apt to think that the above cause is sine qua non, and that their children cannot be educated (so called) without adopting it to the letter. A like impression is made upon the children, and if they prosecute this course some of them may find them selves unequal to the task, and immediate ly conclude that they possess an unsuita bleness of mind to books of any sort. Thence the distaste for books manifested by some. “No profit grows where there is no pleasure taken.” Many students fritter away their time in obtaining a smattering of several languages merely for the name of the tiling, which can never do them a substantial service, and which will exist only to rebuke the folly of misspent time. W hy not undertake one language and learn that well? The Latin language peculiarly demands attencion ; and where the service of a German, French, or other instructor of the languages can be procured with whom the student may converse in order to imbibe the language along with his mother tongue, these or other modern lan guages are better suited to the character of the age. Give the sciences their full share of time and give that instruction which may avail the man in liis daily avocations.- Can the student solve the puzzling little quirks of per centage ; guage his corn-crib or cask of syrup ; survey his fields to know exactly how much guano is necessary to fertilize them ? \\ hat does he know of history ? Only a few facts, without studying the philosophy of it without generalizing from the multitude of facts. Can he read an article in the newspaper so any one may listen to him with patience or eveD pleas ure ? Can he write a legible hand? —one answerable for most purposes. Can he write a good letter, making himself there by useful and agreable? Can he converse interestingly ? These are important ques tions. If one has the time , the means and the talents, let him employ them in the study ot any number of things, in which ho can make himself proficient; but above all things, wo would see him thoroughly conversant with his own mother tongue, which, for strength, fertility and beauty stands the acknowledged equal if not supe rior of every language known to the civil ized world. • Respectfully, School Teacher. [communicated. J Docs the Decision in “White’s Case” Ke seat the Expelled Negro Members of the Legislature ? Editors Chronicle & Sentinel; It is my purpose to discuss this simply as a legal proposition. With questions of policy and the political consequences which may result from insisting upon a proper construction of the law, I shall have noth ing to do. Nor is it part of my plan to urge moderation for the purpose of ap peasing Radical malevolence. J have no sacrifice toinako to the Spirit of Vengeance. The issue made is one of law, not of politics; and is simply : Does this decision, per se, entitle the expelled negro members to re-occupy their seats in the present Legislature ? No man familiar with the theory of our Government and the prin ciples of the Constitution of 1789, will maintain that because each branch of the Legislature is clothed with power to judge of the qualifications of its own members, that the power should be exercised capri ciously or be abused. Yet, in such an event, I knowof no remedy hut revolution. Where resides the power to compel ? What department of government is clothed with authority to reseat these negroes except that which expelled them ? The judiciary may declare the principle of negro eligi bility, hut that tribunal alone which is clothed with sovereign power and exclusive jurisdiction over the subject-matter can give it practical operation. Ry what power of procedure could this judgment of the Supreme Court be enforced? Would you mandamus the General Assembly? The truth is, the framers of the Constitution in organizing this co ordinate department of the government relied upon the integrity, wisdom and justice of its members, and the controlling power of public opinion. The present Legislature, in the exercise of its constitutional powers, considered delibe rately the claims of these negroes to seats in that body, and pronounced against them. That ju Igrnent by themselves alone can be reversed. Os course you will bear in mind that I have not the duty of the Legislature, when it assembles, with this decision before it, now under consideration. It will be time enough to discuss that matter when a proper case is made. I am consider ing only the abstract question, whether the decision or judgment in White's case, ex vi termini, places these expelled negroes in their seats again. Not being parties, they can possibly derive no benefit from the judgment. The principle recognized—for Ido not consider it abolished—by the de cision, may, indeed, ha invoked in any future case they may choose to make. But until that case is made, and authoritatively pronounced upon, the rights they claim, even if they exbt, must remain in ahey anoo. But suppose it had boon possible for these expelled negroes to have made a proper case before the Supreme Court to which themselves were parties, that Court could only have pronounced for or against the existence of the right claimed, without any power on earth to enforce its judg ment— to reseat them. Indaed it is manifest, as well from the express language of the Constitution as the true character of our governments, State and Federal, that the Legislature alone is supreme ar biter in all questions affecting the eligi bility of its members ; and that so far as its practical effect is concerned, a decision of any other court on the subject (for the Legislature is a Court for this purpose) is nothing more than a judicial txpress’on of opinion without the slightest compul sory power. Questions of eligibility to office are suigeneris Had the Legislature decided negroes eligible to seats in that body, it would by no means have followed that White was eligible to be Clerk of Chatham Superior Court. And how can the late decision in his case reseat those negroes, without denying to the Legisla ture its constitutional power to be sole judge of their qualifications. Journals like the Macon- Telegraph overlook the real issue, and anticipate the action of the Legislature. The decision of the Su preme Court does not re-seat the negroes, and cannot , although the legislature may. But everything said about the binding force of the offer made by that body to refer the question to the Supreme Court, is sheer balderdash. Whatever obligation they may have im posed upon themselves by I bat proposi tion, they were promptly relieved from by the refusal of the Executive to 00-operate with them* Besides, they could divest themselves of none of the powers confer red by the Constitution, and it was unwise to offer to waive them. Ail the twaddle about “ B)J>ordiiiation ” and “lawless and irresponsible creatures" seems to be prompted by a dread of a “reign of ter ror” and “domiciliary visits.” The Leg islature will do its duty , and do it faithful ly. If they choose to recon-ider their res olution of c-Xpulsion, and restore the ne groes to their former seats, they probably have the power, although it would seem a question, having pronounced in favor of those members who now fill their seaii after having voted down a motion to re consider at the last session. Tully. Letter from Elbert. Elbert County, Ga., June 21, 186 r. Editors Chionielt & Sentinel: I see where a Sterling Ferguson has been Laid to account for roguery practiced upon our lower river. lam rejoiced to see the strong arm of the law falling upon the lawless, wherever and whenever necessity requires it, but especially am I rejoiced in this instance. We suffer immensely upon this river, and unless a check is given to the imposition it will become intolerable this Winter. Let justice, and.full justice, be meted out to this ringleader, and I hope it will strike terror to the minds or others. I have strong hopes soon to be able to dispense with this inconyenient, hazardous and nnremunerative mode of transporta tion for our produce by the substitution of the Augusta & Hartwell Railroad. Why don’t you say more about it, in your dis cussions of Railroads and central positions, etc.? It is a good project, ana can be made to pay, it buiit. Whether it goes through the Blue Ridge or not, it will pay, and detract but little from the Georgia Road. It will add another tributary to your already swollen tide to enhance the prosperity and importance of Augusta. Give us the adyantage of your powerful in fluenee in the enterprise, and help us to keep it on foot to completion. Elbert. From the New York Tridune, 21. Troubles in (Borgia. Atlanta, Ga., June 12.—The readers of the Tribune have doubtless been ad vised, by telegraph and otherwise, of the action of Gen. Terry in sending four com panies of United States troops to Warren county, in this State, and the arrest, by the Republican Sheriff, with the aid of the military, of the Sheriff who had been ap pointed by the Ordinary of the county, on the assumption that the former had aban doned his home anu office, and also of the arrest of several other individuals of more or less notoriety. Being somewhat famil iar with the people of that county, and of the circumstances attending the numerous deeds of violence committud within its limits, and which have finally culminated in the active interference of the Military Commander of the Department, your cor respondent may be able to assist the reader to a correct comprehension of the real state of society iu that section In April, 1868, the entire Republican ticket of Warren was elected by a majority of hundreds. But the tyranny oi public opinion has been so great that every official elected as a Repub lican —with the exception of the lately as sassinated Senator Adkins, the colored and white Representative, and Sheriff Norris —has become au active if not willing tool of the Rebel Democracy. Norris is a quiet but determined man, and has iu no instance deserted the party that elected him. Every effort to induce him to become an apostate having failed, the county paper used all its influence to intimidate parties from be coming sureties on his official bond, and when the bond was given one of the sure ties was denounced as a perjurer, another as a bastard, and the third as an old in cendiary. During the Presidential cam paign Norris was active in suppressing violence, and was unsparing in his de nunciation of the parties that frequently paraded through the country, in ghostly disguise, intimidating colored and threaten ing white Republicans, to say|nothing of the murders laid to their charge. On the occasion of an advertised Grant and Colfax mass meeting,at which Congressman Prince and other Republicans had promised to speak, he was conspicuous in prevent ing a collision similar to that at Camilla, a week or two previous. And, after the 31 of November, he furnished an official re port of the manner in which the election for President was conducted, anything but complimentary to the official integrity of the judges ofelectiou at Warrontou pre cinct. Finally, one night in December last, while walking to his residence, and within sight and hearing of it, three (as he states) persons, masked, rose up a short distance from him, instantly fired upon him, and fled. He was very severely wounded. Tne Sheriff claims to have recognized, and is willing to qualify to the identity of, two of the party. The party not, recognized, in the precipitancy of his flight, dropped a revolver, now in the possession of the Sheriff, which, it is alleged, can bo proven to be the property of a brother of the two parties identified. The name of this family is Cody, and they are among the number arrested by Norris. About the Ist of March, Mr. Charles Wallace, editor of the county paper, hav ing applied for admission to membership in the Masonic Lodge, was black-balled. In violation of the well-understood obliga tions of Masonry, Wallace was notified that Dr. Darden (who was not an office' holder, and in no sense a pol.tician, but a well-known Union man) stood between him and the consummation of his charita ble purposes. Whereupon he published a card in which the most offensive epithets were applied to the Doctor. The capaci ty of the author in blackguardism was evidently exhausted iu the fatal document On the day ol its appearance, or the morn ing following, the aggrieved party was guilty of the unjustifiable act of shooting his antagonist on the principal thorough fare of the town. This produced the greatest excitement, and a cry for ven geance was immediately raised. Messen gers were immediately dispatched to various parts of' the county. One of the Codys (‘‘Tip.” I believe), assumed com mand of a body of young men, and placed s guard around the jail, to which Norris ind committed Darden. The Sheriff, knowing the bloody purposes of this sell constituted guard, attempted to summon a posse of citizens to prevent the escape of the prison r and to protect him from violence at the same time. But no one obeyed the sum nons, the publicly-organ ized mob having notified them that “any one caught round, the jail that night with out the countersign would catch h— II.” Early in the night a committee waited on the Sheriff and demanded that, he should come to the jail and bring its keys with him. This he declined to do, whiefi so ex asperated the mask murderers that they at onee repaired to his residence with the avowed purpose ot punishing him for his temerity. Notified of their approach, he niade good his escape, taking the prison keys with him. After seaching the house they returned to the jail, broke it open, took Darden out, tied him to a tree, and fired from 12 to 25 shots into him, which, of course, produced instant death. This masked mob, designated by all classes as Ku-klux— of which Wallaon was said to be a member and of which lie was certainly the apologist—occupied the town nearly the whole night, not completing their work of death until alter 2a. tn. Yet not a citizen es Warrenton made the slightest effort to prevent the unholy deed, notwith standing the victim appealed to some of them as a brother Mason in distress. I have been thus prolix ia reverting to these facts, most or all of which have al ready been published, so that the readers of the Tribune may understand precisely the grounds on which the Sheriff basis his arrest of the several parties, and the charges they will be required to answer. Norris, with wholesome recollecti ns of the dose which the assassins had already administered to him, and being fully ad vised of the threats repeatedly npade to treat him as they had his prisoner, fled to Atlanta, and officially notified Gov. Bul lock that he was utterly powerless to ar rest any parties possessing the sympathies of this 'awless organization—that those known as law-abiding citizens were uuwil ling or afraid to reuder him any assistance, and that j uuless the Government furnished protection, no arrests could be made. And just here it is proper to state that this was not the first occasion on whioh Norris had made similar representations to the Exec utive Department. In the Fall of 1868, when anumbtrof negroes were killed in their cabins at night by these masked par ties, be appealed to (he Governor for as sistance. The fact is susceptible of official demonstration that the Governor earnestly and repeatedly urged Gen. Meade to fur nish relief, which that official invariably declined to do. Perhaps he was restrained by that prince of apostates, Andy John son. All charges of failure on the part of the Governor to obtain relief are, there fore, entirely Iratuitous. When General Ruger assumed temporary command the (he Governor laid Norris’last report be fore him, and relief was promised as soon as the consolidation of troops, then in progress, could he completed. These facts either becoming known or strongly sus pected by the secret advisers and influen tial friends of the members of the organ ization known as Ku-klux, the removal of Norris from his office as Sheriff was re solved upon. By the provisions of the Code of Georgia, when it is jndicially as certained that a Sheriff’ has voluntarily abandoned the county and his office for 30 days, the Ordinary i.s authorized to fill the vacancy thu< created. Under color of this law John Raley, a violent sympathizer with the Ku-klux Democracy, was com missioned as Sheriff. Judge Andrews, without deciding the office to he vacant, recognized ltaley aw Sheriff temporarily during the session of his Court. Soon af ter Gen. Terry assumed command he issued instructions to Brevet Major Van Voast, in command of the troops at Warrenton, to furnish the Sheriff of the County with a non commissioned officer and an adequate number of men, whenever, in the judg ment of the said Sheriff, tL ey might be necessary to a successful performance of his official duties, or whenever necessary for his protection against personal violence. Advised of this order he returned to War enton and at once had an interview with Major Van Voast. And here comes the first hitch. Both Norris and Raley claimed to be Sheriff, and cue instructions of Gen. Terry —he not being advised of the rebel dodge had failed to mention Norris as the Sheriff. The latter, however, promptly reported she facts to the General, who being fully per suaded that Norris’ absence was invol untary amended former instructions by dc daring that J. CL Norris must be regarded as the legal Sheriff, whose official requisi tions were to be honored. When Norris returned for a second time, he arrested Raley (the contesting Sheriff), EJ. R. Cody, E. E. Cody, Tip Cody, J. M. Cody, H. Martin, and Oapl.A. J. Hartly. The latter is a printer, hails from Virginia; I believe, and is Wallace’s successor as the editor of the town paper. The charge j against Raley is illegally searching Norris’ residence and frightening hia family, and of a guilty knowledge of the persons that broke into the jail, and ofaidhg and atet- j ting Dr. Darden s assassination. AL the ! other parties are charged wuh constituting a portion of the mob in addition to the charge against Ed. aud Tip Cody, of at tempting to assassinate Norris, as above stated. Raley gave bail in the sum of $5,000, and the other parties in that of $2,000 each, to answer the several charges against them. In the meantime hforrls has been enjoin- ] ed from further action as Sheriff, until the j Court shall decide whether his absence from the county was involuntary—whether it was such an abandonment of his office as, in the meaning of the law, creates '<* 1 vacancy, There is soipe fear that judge Andrews will permit Toombs and others to intimidate Lun. His position is, indeed, one to try the pluck of the bravest heart in the land. The excitement is unparal leled, and the newspaper statements of good feelings toward the soldiery are with out the shadow of foundation in fact. It j is true, they are much more exasperated at the Sheriff. Tticir chief concern is not altogether for the arrests already made, but they know others will follow, especial ly of the parties lamed by Senator Ad kins, in the presence of his daughters, be fore his death, -as guilty of his assassination. There is a large family of Codys, some of whom are good and some bad men. Tip Cody, although proclaiming a'holy horror of “nigger equality,” has for yeare lived in notorious intimacy with a colored wench. His brother EJ is the party that was tried by a military commission a little over a year since, charged with killing a Federal soldier about a colored prostitute. The evidence against him was strong, but he was acquitted on account of its conflicting character. Martin is a business partner of one of the Codys, and is a very quiet and apparently inoflensive person. I saw a letter from Norris to-day, addressed to a gentleman in this city, in which he states that he can obtain no legal counsel, that his children have been banished from school, and that ail classes not only refuse to recog nize him, but treat his wife ami children with equal contempt. Col. H. I*. FarrOw, Attorney General for the State, has gone to his defence. The Colonel is a good lawyer, and will do justice to his cause and client. The question arises, Ot what good are all these arrests and those to follow ? Under our present jury system conviction and punishment by the civil law is out of the question. Yet I believe the results will be beneficial. There is one thing of vital importance for the people of the North to understand. Tho press and people do not deelarge that if the parties accused are proven to be guilty they should be punished. Although the perpetration of the crimes are not and cannot be denied, the entire Democratic press and people boldly assume the ion sconce of every one suspected. In no contingency is punish ment tolerated. And this is the real crime which society is committing against the friends of the Government. If it would aid in punishing the guilty, and not mate a martyr of every one charged with law lessness, a reform would speedily follow. But the prospect for a change is gloomy. To give the reader an idea of General Terry’s opinion of affairs in Warren, it is only necessary to state that, when his official dispatches lo Weshington are pub lished, it will be found that ho terms the Ku-klux “insurrectionary forces.” The use of those t wo words should outweigh all the labored denials of the G eorgia press in the minds of intelligent and law-abiding citizens. AGRICULTURAL. Crops In Oraageburg, S. V. . Edisto River, Orangeburg ) County, S. C., June 23, 1869. J Editors Chronicle & Sentinel .-—You may like to know something about the crops hereabouts, so I will inform you. The corn lias very much inproved late ly, and, under the influence of the hot sun and recent rains, j 3 now looking as well as could be desired, and better than was ex pected hve weeks ago. The cotton was kept back by the cool weather, and at first did not promise well, but it seems, from the result, that the un seasonable weather was advantageous, for when the hot sun came, it shot forward splendidly, and. L can say, that during my 14 years of planting, I have never seen this staple grow so fast, as mine has done during the past four weeks, and the plants are now as forward as I have ever seen them at this time of the year, and if such fine weather continues for six weeks longer a splendid crop will be assured. More cotton was planted than last year, aad the negroes are working better, and more of them are in the fields, and, taking all things into consideration, we have a good prospect. X. X. X. One of the Croat Wants of tlie South. Mcßean, Geo., June Ist, 1869. Editors Chronicle <& Sentinel :—As I wish to call the attention of the planters general ly, and especially those of my native county (Burke), to a subject I think of great im portance to them, aud as I know of no chance through which this subject could be brought more generally before them than through tiie columns of your valua ble paper, I have concluded to solicit their attention through the same. As we are living in an age of political revolution, which does not seem to be accomplishing any real good, I deem it of great import ance that some revolution should b; coo>- rnenoed in the agricultural world, for it is through industry, enterprise, and progress in agriculture, that we are to seeure that general and permanent prosperity that our oountry so much needs, and 1 feel con fluent that when our agricultural resources are properly appreciated, and more fully developed, and receives that encourage ment, both from individual enterprise and State protection, which they are so much entitled to, that then these developed re sources will he the best invitation we can extend to iot lligent emigrants, and will do m&re to reconstruct our State and secure that respect lor her which her unrivaled resources, when developed, are certain to command; and then she will resume her former honorable position, that of tho Empire Siat; of the South, and having attained to :hat high position upon the de velopment of her agricultural resources, she will be more likely to retain it against the imperfection of our government; and I know of no better or more important way to inaugurate that revolution; than to secure, through our Legislature, a law to dispense with the necessity of fences around our fields, uni to require every one to keep their stook enclosed. I would re spectfully solicit the close attention of planters to this subject, and would most earnestly request the planters in each neigh borhood to call a meeting and give this subject the benefit of their practicable consideration, and see if the result ol their close examination of this question would not bring them to the conclusion that the best interest of certain counties and the rising generation and those yet unborn, would be i romoted by the passage of such a law. I think it im portant that some immediate steps be taken to bring this subject before the next Legislature. As political results are ac complished through conventions, so agri cultural ones may he a'tamed by the same means. So I would suggest that each county, that feels the necessity of such a law, cull a goneial county meeting to re ceive the decision of each neighborhood meeting from committies appointed by the same, and should it be ascertained that two-thirds of said committies report in fa vor of said law, then let this general meet ing appoint a commi’teo to petition the Legislature to pass said law, t > take effect in raid county and to go in o effect as soon as practicable. Believing this to ho the ouly practicable way of securing the general attention of planters to this subject, and, feeling confident that whenever the reason ! of our planters is convinced of the advan- ; (ages to fee derived from such a law, that j it will stimulate them to immediate action. And, believing the planters to be the best and only judges of the merits oi such a law, I deem it of great importance that it should be considered by them at once and let its beneficial results he secured now before our almost exhausted forest is extermina ted. I think the course we have been pursuing, a id are still prosecuting, is not only extravagant hut selfish toward our children and generations to come, aside from curitig the evil. The passage of such a law would result in a groat reduction of labor, which i.s already growing scarce and especially inefficient in keeeiug up fences. Buch a law would he best for both em ployer and employee. The laborers would be relieved of *hat laborious work of split ting rails and the employer could, instead of using two months of each year in split ting rails, repairing fences and damaging his mules and wagons in hauling the same over rough lauds in building fences, which require animal expense, or, in other words, erecting a work of decay, could use the said two months in more perfectly preparing his land, and in forming eompost heaps, to fertilize the same with,and thus, instead of diminishing his capital, he would be per manently improving the same. I further believe that a close calculation, with the proper estimate placed upon time and up on permanent improvements, would show that the annual eOst of keeping up our fences would be greater than the money value of our cows and hogs, such as we keep, those that can maintain life upon our almost bare paitures. I feel confident that sou.-, ot my brother planters w;!i oat up that such a law would deprive them of giving their stock the advantages of our fields after our crops are gathered. This objection could be remedied by each planter keeping a portable fence sufficiently large to enclose ten acres; but I take the posi tion, in view of the fact that our lands are especially deficient in vegetable matter, that the datnago sustained by the land, by the. stock robbing it of its vegetable matter wnieh is so equally distributed over it by our crops, is greater than tha advantage the stock receives therefrom, and another good effect that this law would have,would Ue to induce us to improve our stock, and would keep none exce; t those that would pay for keeping, and we would also be cer tain to plant a sufficient amount of grain crons to meet our consumption and there by relieve our State of an enormous tax that she now pays to the North and West for corn and bacon; and then out ootton would cease to be sent out of the State for provisions r.Lii its stead would bring us in that eapltal which our State so much needs to develop her valuable resources and render her truly great and po«te{- fuL Messrs. Editors, I lee) my inability to do this subject, so pregnant of good to our State, justice, and hope you will press it upon the attention of the public. E. U. tfiiwutlc & fcntiticl. WEDNESDAY MORNINmTjUNE 30. To Busliuss Mem The Weekly Chronicle cC-'Sentinei has a very large circulation in those ' sections which trade almost exclusively with Augusta. It is the official organ for seven counties, and, therefore, present, great inducements to the merchants and factors of Augusta to make their busines-, known through its columns. Those who desire to bring their business prominently before the country peopk will consult their interest by availing themselves of the advantages which the Weekly Chronicle & Sentinel offers The Daily Chronicle & Sentinel has also a large circulation on the line of the railroads leading to and from Augusta. Selling Of7at Cost. ~i f JOll ffant (Q buy your Summer clothing at New York cost prices just call at John Kenney’s clo.hing emporium, 238 Broad -treet where he will be pleased to wait en his mends and the public. Mr. Kenney as sures liis friends that he means business and that his goods will be sold as adver tised. Our country friends are directed to read the advertisement and to govern themselves accordingly. 1 lanters Loan and Banking Asso ciation.—The books of subscription for stock in this Association are now open at. the office of Branch, Sons &Cos The charter and its privileges tan be examined at the same place. Cotton Shippers Overtiie New Rail road.—We are informed that on last, Tuesday Messrs. Josiah Sibley A Sons were among the first shippers of cotton by the Columbia & Augusta Railroad, that firm having shipped oue hundred and twenty-five hales of cotton on hat day to Claghorn, Herring & Cos., of Philadelphia. i ersonal. Col. William JohnstOD, President of the Columbia & Augusta, the Charlotte & South Carolina Railroads, was in the city Saturday’. Confederate Generals Going to Spain.—The special correspondent of the New lork Times states that General Robert E. Lee and a number of other Con federate Generals had determined upon an early emigration to the South of Spain. We suppose some Yankee Jenkins will next discover that General Lee has designs upon the Spanish Crown. Commencement at Mercer Unirersi ty.— I The commencement exercises of this University will begin on lltli July, and continue for lour days. The exercises promise to be of an unusually interesting character. We are informed that ample arrangements have been made in Penfield for the accommodation of visitors, the ab sence of which has, on former occasions, prevented many from attending the com mencement exercises. Conveyances will leave Woodville lor Peafijld during com mencement. The Burke County Tragedy.—On last Monday morning the Sheriff of Burke county carried Ben. Godby, the murderer of Mr. Adkins D. Lewis, from this city in order that that he might undergo a pre liminary examination. This examination was conducted before Justice Beall and closed on Thursday evening, having re sulted in the committal of Godby on a charge of murder, and of Enoch Brown, another negro, as an accessory before the fact. The pri.-oners were brought to this city Thursday alternoou by Sheriff Byrd and placed in the city jail, the jail of Burke county being in an extremely unsafe con dition. The Sheriff states that our in formant was incorrect who stated a few days since that the negro Godby would be rescued by a mob of negroes if lie was imprisoned in Burke county. The Sheriff says he is imprisoned in this city, not through fear of mobs of any kind, hut merely because the jail of Waysnosboro is not in a safe condition. Death of an Old Citizen of Oglf.-, thorpe.—A correspondent writes us as follows from Lexington, June 25th, 2 p.m.: Daniel Dupree JohnsoD, Esq., tho fore man of the last Grand Jury iu this county, and a highly respected citizen, died this forenoon very suddenly while engaged in his business. Mr- J. was a member of the Secession Convention, aud held a high placo in the Baptist Church, of which he was au exemplary member. It is sup posed that apoplexy was the cause of his sudden death. The Wilkes County Murderers. From the Washington Gazette, we learn that a special session of the Superior Court was cailed ii Wilkes^ county on Monday last by Honor able Garrett Andrews, the presiding Judge, for the tri il of li >bt. Arnold and Luke Arnold, colored, under the charge of murdering Mr. Thom as Th ixt >:i in March last. The trial lasted until Wednesday and resulted in a verdict as follows : Itobt. Arnold as guilty of murder as principal Id the first degree ; Luke Arnold guilty of murder as principal in the second degree. The Jury recommended Luke Arnold to the mercy of the Court. On Thursday morning His Honor pronounced sentence upon the prisoners. Robt. Arnold was sentenced to he hung on the 30th of July; Luke Arnold sentenced to the penitentiary during his natural life. The evidence was. clear and convincing to every one present. The Blue Ridoe Railroad.—There was a meeting of the Stockholders of the Blue Ridge Railroad Company, in South Carolina, at Charleston, on last Wednes day, Gov. Scott presiding. The following resolutions wero off-nd and.adopti and : Resolved. That the Board til Directors are hereby iostrured to i.-sue a seven per o;nt. coupon bond, principal and i.Retest payable in ciin. having .twenty years to run, and that ad matters pel taiuing to the text thereof, and i -suing the’ bond, he re ferred to the Board of Directors. Resolved, That it # be referred to the Board of Direr tors tousc titiin up m what terms the stock now held in this Company may be retired, eo as to ( liable the Com pany to issue new stock to aid iu comple ting the building of the road, and il' the same can be acoon j.'ishcd advantageously, in securing the certain an i -needy comple tion of the road, that they he authorized to. consummate such an arrangement.. Free Tuition in the State U rti VEtisr- TY. — We have received a Circular from BrofessorlV . 11. Waddell,ot’tue University of Georgia, on the subject of free tuition in that Institution, from which we gather the following '.affirmation : “The Trustees having authorized the Faculty to admit, without payment of tuition fees, merito rious young men, of limited means, they propose to increase the number of bene' fioiarics to fifty. Tnere are now, as such, in attendance at the University, under ap pointment of the Faculty, twenty-seven students. These appointments are intend ed to ho limited to red.dents of the State, who are not themselves, and whose pare. its are not, inasituation t> incur the expon-.es of their education at the University, with out aid. Students thus appointed stand, in all respects, except expense, as others, enjojingequal privileges, and subject to the same laws. Asa rcmuneiationto the State, they will be expected to engage iu teach ing in a public or .iv.it.j school, in Geor gia, fora term oi \.a, ■ s ,j t„ the time they may have enjoyed the advantages of instruction at the University, ’lhe term of appointment expires at the close of the Collegiate year, with those who fail to ex hibit due diligence,bat those who give evi dence of capacity aud indu-try will be per mitted to remain until the regular course is completed. The applicant for appoint ment should forward testimonials of good moral character, and of capacity to profit by the instruction at the University; stat ing his age (which must be at least six teen), and his tebidenee,with a full report of the subjects beat have been studied by him. It mUetalso he shown that neither he nor his parents are able, without aid, to incur the expense of his education. Next ses sion there will he forty vacancies, which the Faculty will fill, by appointment, on the of August. Only one will be ap pointed from a county. There are no vacancies from the foilowiug counties : Bibb, Clarke, Cobb, Fulton, Jefferson, Monroe, Rabun, Richmond, Union. Ap plications must be sent iu before the filß of August.”
