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About Weekly chronicle & sentinel. (Augusta, Ga.) 1866-1877 | View Entire Issue (June 30, 1869)
Argument or the Hob. K. 0. (abuiDs In tlie lane of ihanall) vs. liallcj cl al. SPECIALLY REPORTED FOR TIIE CjiRONICt.E k SENTINEL. The suit in this case was brought on a note made by the defendant to the plaintiff for his serving as a substitute, in the place of Bailey, in the army of the late Confede rate States, in the war between said Con federate States and the United States. At the trial, defendant's counsel moved for a non suit on the ground that the considera tion of the note was illegal, and the con tract tharefore void. The Court sustained the motion and awarded a non-suit, “because,” in the words of the Court, “The consideration of the note, as appeared on its face, was given by the defendant to the plaintiff for his ser vices in the army of the Confederate Gov ernment, as a soldier, to fig >t or bear arms against the Government of the United States.” To this decision of the Court, the plain tiff excepted and now excepts, and says, the Court committed error in granting the non suit, on the ground of the illegality of ; the consideration of the note. Is the consideration of the note illegal i : The defendants promised to pay the plaintiff twenty-five hundred dollars. Ihe consideration of the promise was that the plaintiff substituted himself in the army of the Confederate States in the place of Bailey, one of the makers of the note, and agreed' to render the service which was re quired of Bailey. Iu other words, a burden wan imposed upon Bailey by tbe authority of the Confederate Government and a cer tain duty required of him. The plaintiff agreed to assume that burden and perform that duty, and for so doing the defendant, Bailey, agreed to pay him twenty five hun dred dollars. Was it. illegal in tlie plaintiff to agree to serve in the Confederate army in tfie place of the defendant t It was cer tainly not illegal according to the laws of the Confederate Government then in force, fur they expressly authorised the reception of substitutes in the Confederate army. Was it illegal to bear arms in the army of the Confederate Suites against the op posing armies of the United States ! If it was illegal in the plaintiff, it was equally so in the defendant. They were both in the service t.y authority of law, and the law in one ease was as valid as it was in the other. The validity of the law—the one re quiring military service of the defendant, arid tin; other authorizing substitution in his place—depend upon the authority of tho Confederate Government to enact laws. And this depends upon another question. Did the States composing the late South ern Confederacy rightfully separate them selves from the Federal Union, and was the Government formed by them a govern ment <l<: jure ! Or was it merely a re bellion against lawful authority? These questions will be considered, not with a view to the future for the purpose of reviving a doctrine which is supposed to be ox 'hided, but solely as legal ques tions involving the rights and powers of the States under tbe Union from which they withdrew: and whatever references uray be made will lie to legal writers of standard authority, and not to the opinions of poli ticians. One preliminary remark, if the Court please. It is frequently said that the result of the late war between the Southern Con federacy and th ' United States has decided, finally and forever, that a State has not the right to withdraw from the Federal Union and to absolve its citizens from the obliga tion of obedienocto the Constitution of the United States. The defeat of tho Southern Confederacy no more decided the withdrawal of the Southern and slavcholdiog States from the Federal Union to bo wrong, than did the wat/er of battle,, in ancient times, decide the merits of a cause submitted t> that mode of trial. When a cause was submitted to the wager of battle, and the champions of the parties were chosen and placed in the ring, I he decision was usually in favor of the one vlio had superior physical strength in wielding the b&ion and target, or it some times happened that the champion of one party or the other pro red recreant to his cause, and cried craven ; and insuchaca.se liis cause was lost, and the recreant cham pion was held forever infamous and dis honored. Tho cause of the Confederate States was lost in tho same way. Tho numerical strength of the opposing power achieved the final victory, and it may be that the recreancy of some of the champions of the lost cause contributed not a little to defeat. If the .States which formed tho late Southern Confederacy did, in the exercise of a power rightfully belonging to them, withdraw from the other States, and form a government for themselves, then the laws enacted by tho Confederate Congress were valid and binding until their validity ceased upon submission to the superior power of the United States. The right of a State to withdraw from Union into which she entered with the other States, is not derived from the com pact, or Constitution, by which th > Union was formed, but is an iuhorent, inalienable right belonging to every body politic or political community to protect itself against a dangerous infraction of the compact by other parties to it. It is one of tho inalienable rights asserted by tho States in their Declaration of Inde pendence on the 4th dav of duly, 1770, and afterward successfully maintained and established by force of arms. It is a natural right existing independent of all compacts, covenants or constitutions. If it were possible for a State to divest itself of this right, in doing so it would commit political suicide. The Constitution was the compact by which the Union was formed. Who were the parties to that compact ? Who ar ranged and agreed upon tho terms of Uuion? Not tho Federal Government, for then that Government had no existence —it was the result oi. tho compact which was made, and was not a party to it. The compact of government was made by the States as distinct, separate, independent, sovereign communities, or bodies politic. In what capacity did the delegates go into the t Imvention of 1787 which formed the Constitution of tho United States ? They represented sovereign, free and inde pendent States, and met as delegates from such States.. Previous to the adoption of the f on- i stitution of the United States, the States were united under “Articles of Confedera tion and perpetual Union,” and the style ofthe confederacy was the United States j of America. And it was expressly de- ; dared that “each State retained its j sovereignty, freedom and independence, j and every power, jurisdiction and right, which was not, by the confederation, ex pressly delegated to the United States in Congress assembled.' —Art. 2nd. It ts then a fact, which cannot be suc cessfully denied, that, under the articles of confederation, each State retained its sovereignty, freedom and independence— these were not surrendered either express ly or by implication—but were retained, and, in addition thereto, every power, juris'’iotion and right not expressly dele gated to the United States in Congress assembled. While the States were tnus sovereign, free and independent, they met by their accredited delegates in Convention, and the result of their deliberations was, they prepared a constitution, or compact of government, not to dissolve the States, as separate, distinct bodies politic, and merge the people thereof into one body politic, as an aggregate mass, but to make their union, as States, mor - perfect, and to be united, as States, they must necessarily exist separately as such. * They met as sovereign, independent States, and could not have met otherwise, because they did not exist in any other capacity. In deciding questions by vote ia the Convention, they voted, as States, one State having as much power as uuother without regard to population. It is au iucident of sovereignty that one sovereign State is the equal ot ano her, and ot all others iu respect to political powers and rights, however unequal they may be in pot ulation. It is ucqu -gionably true,that iu the g in vention which prepared the Constitution of the United States, the States met as equals ami sovereigns—- they voted as equals an! sovereigns—the delegates from each Sta'e voted, as a State, and not per capita, each State being entitled to cue vote, and e-ist otto vote, without regard to thenuutl j’' • » r,t r p •pulutdO, and it was «h ' vutue ol t.'.etr sovereign ty that the If, ati s tous exercised equal power iu the Convention. These are stubborn,.moontestable facts, which cannot be successfully controverted, however much the doctrine ol thesoveign ty of the States may bo sneered at in these degenerate days. The Constitution was thus prepared by a conven ion composed of delegates repre senting sovereign States, and was submit ted to the people of the several States, as States, tor rat:li.-ation or rejection. It was ratified by conventions in each State, com posed of delegates chosen by the people thereof, each State acting for itself, and iu its sovereign capacity. In these separate State Conventions the States wore as sovereign, free and in dependent, as they were iu the Convention which formed the Constitution. \\ e have seen that under the articles of Confedera tion. each Stale retained its sovereignty, freedom and independence—and, while thus retaining their sovereignty, freedom and independence, they entered the Con veutiou as equals and sovereigns, aud formed a Constitution to make the union between themselves more perfect. Iu the Conventions which they respectively held to consider the question of the ratification pit he Constitution, they were stijl eover <’ign, free and independent, because no process bad been resorted to, and no cnangc bad been made by which the peo ple of the several States h’d been amal gamated into one aggregate mass. In their separate State Convention they were stiii under the Articles of Confederation.for these were not superseded until the Con stitution was ratified and adopted by tie requisite number of States, and the gov ernment put in operation—and under the ArtJllcs of Confederation each State was “sovereign, free and independent. From these premises results the inevita ble conclusion that the Constitution was a compact made by sovereign States with each other for their commoD government. The parties to the compact were sover eign States. He is a careless observer of facts, and unmindful of the truth of histo ry. who will assert the contrary. How was the compact kept by the par ties which made it t Has it been broken . by whom and how ? and what,according to law. was the remedy in the case ofltsin '.-'"have seen how, and by what par ties. tbe compact was made. In order to determine whether it has been broken, and in what particular, let us consider what the contracting parties agreed should be done. In preparing a Constitution there were many subjects—some of a local, and some of a general character, which embarrassed the deliberations of the Convention, but none interrupted its harmony more than the subject of slavery, which then existed but partially, or scarcely at all in some of the States, and to a considerable extent in ! others. In the draft of a Constitution reported by the Committee of detail, there were two sections which gave the Convention much trouble. These were that, “No tax or duty should be laid by the Legislature on articles exported from any State, nor on the migration or importation of such per sons as the several States should think proper to admit, nor should such migration or importation be prohibited.” And the other was that, “No naviga tion act nhould be passed without the as sent of two thirds of the members present in each house.” These sections met a determined oppo sition by the Northern and Eastern, which were the free States. The first, because it allowed the importation of slaves, and the other because it might impede their navi gating interests. These States then owned almost the entire commercial marine, and were very desirous to have navigation acts passed discriminating in favor of their bottoms, especially in the West India and coasting trade, but could not hope to ob tain them if the as-erit of two-thirds of each House should be required. The Southern States owned but few, if any ships; they were tho agricultural Stares, and produced the staples, and articles, which constituted the freight for the car rying trade. They were, consequently, in favor of free navigation, and were appre hensive that their interests would be disre garded ih the enactment of navigation laws, if no check to a bare majority should be adopted. The discussion upon the first of those sections alluded to, showed a wide and radical difference of views in the members of the convention. It was asserted in de bate, that two States, South Carolina and Georzia, would never ratify the Constitu tion if tho importation of slaves should be prohibited. Delegates from other States insisted as strongly that that power should be vested in the common govern ment to make tho prohibition. It was, at length, agreed to refer these two sections to a commirtee of one from each State. Governeur Morris,from I’enn sylvania,an able and influential member of the Convention, saying at the time of the reference, that “these things might form a bargain between tho Northern and South ern States.” The report of the committee showed that there was a bargain or compromise between the Northern and Southern States, and the bargain was agreed to by the Convention and afterward ratified by the States. The committee considered the su’jects referred and reported as follows : “Strike out so much of the 4th Section of the 7th Article as was referred to the committee and insert “The migration or importation of such persons as the several States now existing shall think proper to admit, shall not be prohibited by the Legislature prior to the year 1800, but a tax or duty may be im posed on such migration or importation at a rate not (Jxeeedtng the average of the duties laid on imports.” And that the oth Section, “requiring a majority of two-thirds of each House pres ent to pass a navigation act to be stricken out. ” This report was agreed to and immedi ately thereupon, before any business inter vened, it was moved and seconded to agree to the following proposition to be inserted after the 15th article: “If any person bound to service or labor in any of the United States, shall escape into another State, he or she shall not be discharged from such service or labor in consequence of any regulations subsisting in the State to which they escape, hut shall b« delivered up to the person justly claim ing their service or labor;” which passed unanimously in the affirmative. So says the Journal of Convention, page 273, and Mr. Madison, in his notes, says it was agreed to nem con. The Madison papers, page 492. The report of the committee was, be yond doubt, a compromise between the Northern and Southern States. The former agreed that the importation of slaves should not be prohibited before a certain period, and the latter, that navi gation acts might be passed by a bare ma jority, and the additional clause in rela tion to tbe rendition of fugitive slaves in immediate juxtaposition with the report, and unanimously adopted, was unques tionably a part of the compromise. Upon no other ground can the unanimity of the convention be accounted for. In the con vention the opposition to slavery was strong and decided, and was entertained by some of the ablest and most influential members, and prominent among them, in addition to Governeur Morris already men tioned, was Rufus King from Massachu setts, who, in after times, acted a con spieuous part in opposition to the admis sion of Missouri as a slave State, and whose influence then brought the Union to the vergo of dissolution. They were lawyers and knew what the common law was in relation to a slave es caping from a slave into a free State; they knew the doctrine which was announced as law in Somersatte’s case, that as soon as the foot of a ilave treads upon free ter ritory his fetters fall from him, and he cannot be reelaimod by his master. Knowitig this, how can the adoption of the clause for the rendition of fugitive slaves without a dissenting voice be ac counted for, but upon the fact that it was part of the bargain entered into between the Northern and Southern States? They-knew that that clause overruled the common law and declared that a per son held to labor or service in one State and escaping into another should not be re leased from his labor and service upon reaching a free State, but should be de livered up to the person to whom his labor and service might be due. They made this concession for a purpose, and that purpose was to secure some advantage for the States they represented, and iu con sideration thereof, to quiet the apprehen sions ofthe slave States, by incorporating in the fundament and law an assurance that their property in slaves should be inviolate. And Mr. Justice Story, in his Commen taries on the Constitution, says that this clause was inserted expressly to secure to the. people of the 'slaveholding States their right of property in their slaves. The Constitution was a compact made bv aud between sovereign States ; the Federal Government was not a party to it, for that Government was not then in ex istence. The States were the parties and agreed upon the terms of the camp ict, and pledged themselves, as solemnly as it was possible to bo done, that “No person held to service or labor in one State under the laws thereof, escaping into another, shall, in consequence of any aw or regulation therein, lie discharged from such service or labor, but shall be de livered up ou claim of the party to whom such service or labor may be due.” The meaning of this clause cannot be misunderstood. It has but one meaning, and. to illustrate it, it is this : A person held in slavery in Georgia, under the laws of that State, escaping into Massachusetts, where siavery does Dot exist by law, shall not. in consequence of the old common law doctrine, that free territory makes s'aves free ns soon as they tread free soil, or, ia consequence of any ether regulation which Massachusetts may adopt, be dis caarg a troin slavery, and be permitted to go free, but shall he delivered up to the party claiming such slave. This is what the States agreed should be done, and, to give' it ail the solemnity and binding force in their power ro give it, they put it in the bond—in the compact of union—in ths Constitution—and re quired the Senators and Representatives in Congress—the members of the several State Legislatures, and all executive and judicial oiseer*. noth or m® United States and of the several States, to take aa oath or atfinnatton to support the Constitution. Every State which adopted the Consti tution, whether at the time it was submit ted to the States for ratification, or upon coming into the Union afterward, agreed to this compact. Did the free States keep it ? Need l say they did not ? I shaii not refer to mobs and unlawful assemblages of men, raised iu Northern States to rescue fugitive slaves and set them free, but for proof of the violation of the compact, I refer to the historical fact, undenied and undeniable, that fourteen of the free States enacted laws to prevent the rendition of fugitive slaves, and mak ing it penal for any one within their re spective limits to assist in delivering them np. This wa--done in their capacity as sovereign States by virtue of the sovereign I power they p issessed to enact laws by their Lcgidilutes. These laws thwatted the execution of the power granted by them io tho Constitution, and made the clause, which was inserted to authorize slaves es caping into a free State to be reclaimed, a dead letter, for if not executed and en forced ,n the free States, its insertion in the Constitution was to no purpose. Nor did this refusal of the free States to exe cute the power of the clause of the Consti tution requiring the delivery of fugitive slaves to their owners, or to permit it to | he executed within their limits, arise from a difference of opinion in regard to the true intent and meaning of the Constitu tion. It was an open, direct, unqualified denial of the obligatory force of the clause under consideration—it was an intended re pudiation of it, and it was repudiated on the ground that there was a “higher law” which overruled it, and that “higher law” was the unwritten and uncertain law which they professed to Gel in their consciences. Under this pretence they completely and effectual y nullified an important clause of the Constitution. Was not, then, the compact broken by States which were parties to it —aud were not the rights of other States, also parties’ to the compact, openly disregarded aid set at naught? Such being the facts, what is the law? State) which were parties to the com pact agreed th.vta certain thing, in which other States likewise parties had a deep and vital interest, should be done. The same States have, in the strongest form they could put it, said that the thing they agreed should be doDe, shall not be done. Here was a clear and undoubted breach of contract by the stipulating par ties on one side. Now what is the law in such a case ? I shall not quote the opinions of Madi son, Hamilton, Jefferson, Calhoun, Clay or Webster; for their opinions may be warped by the school of polities to which they respectively belonged. I choose rath er to go to eminent legal writers, not of our soil and country, and entirely dLciUf nected from polities. I desire to treit the question as a legal, and not as a -olitical question, and to refer to legal, and not to political writers, in support of my posi- tions. First, I refer ti Rutherford’s Institutes of Natural Law : Book 2, chap 10, Bee. 11. The principle enunciated by him is in the case of a constitutional compact between a sovereign and bis people ; but the princi ple applies to all compacts of government, whatever the form may be. Says Rutherford, “That part of the sovereign power which the monarch has granted to him, was granted to him at first by the compact which settled the Constitution, and isholden by him after ward, under tho same compact. As long, therefore, as the obligation of the Consti tutional compact continues, lie has a right to this part of the sovereign power ; aud the people have no right to take it from him, either by war, or by any other means without his consent. But by willfully and intentionally invading the other part, he breaks the constitutional compact. And this compact is so tar like other compacts, that a violation of it, on ills side," will leave the people at liberty to choose whether they will abide} by it or not. A compact, when it is violated by one of the partits, is usually said to be void ; but if we speak accurately, we should rather say that it may be made void at the discretion of the other party.” “It is sufficient for our present purpose, that when the compact by which the peo ple haye given their civil governor a part of the sovereign power, is broken on his side, the obligation of it is voidable, or may be set aside at the discretion of the people. For it will follow from hence, that, as they are at liberty to continue the same constitution, and to leave him in posses sion ot his former power, if they can stop his usurpations either by force or other wise, so they are at liberty, if they think proper, to release themselves from the ob ligation of their former compact, and to make such alterations, either in the con stitution, or in the persons, who are to ad minister it, as they shall judge to be con venient. They may restore the old form of government, and may call a different succession of persons, either of the same family, or of another, to the throne : or they may change the constitution in part, by setting new limitations to the power of their future King, whether they continue the old succession,or introduce anew one; or,lastly,they may change the constitution entirely by establishing a form of civil government.” The latter alternative of establishing a new form of civil government “applied with peculiar force to tbe condition of the slaveholding States, when their rights were invaded and denied them by the other States in repudiating the obligation of the compact into which they had entered. No alternative was left them but to submit to this infraction of the compact or to with draw, and “establish anew form of civil government” for themselves. To submit to tbe infraction of the compact would have been to submit to deprivation of their property, not only without authority of law, but iu violation of an express pro vision of the Constitution, which was in tended to secure it to them. The infraction of the compact complained of was effected by the free States in their sovereign capacity, by the enactment of laws by their Legislatures to prevent the reclamation of fugitive slaves within their respective limits. Over such a violation of the compact as this the othor States had no control. It was beyond their reach. They had no power over the elections in the free States, to change their Legisla tures and effect a repeal ot the obnoxious laws. A decision ofthe Federal Judiciary sustaining the constitutionality of the Fugitive Slave Law was ineffectual. It was as openly and as defiantly disregarded as was the clause of the Con.itituiion which it was intended to enforce. If the free States would not regard their obligation to obey the Constitution, how could it be expected that they would obey a decision of tbe Supreme Federal Judiciary,made to enforce obedience to the clause of the Constitution which they repudiated, and held to be superseded by a higher law ? It would have been supremo folly to expect it. No alternative was left but submission to a plain, open, undisguised, palpable re pudiation of obedience to a clause of the Constitution, in the enforcement of which tbe slaveholding States had a deep and vital interest, or separation Irom the dis obedient States. It was in the power of the States whose rights were violated, to elect either branch of the alternative. Upon this point I again quote Ruther ford, book 2, chapter 8, section 15. To condense what he has said upon this i point in a few words, it is this : When the people are aggrieved and j their rights violated, the mode and measure of redress, and when to be exercised must necessarily be left to their discretion. This is a natural and not a civil right, and in such case there can be no authorized civil j judge. This right of tho people to judge of the mode and measure of redress may bo abused; that does not, however, nega- tive the existence of the right. If we were to conclude, on the one hand,that the peo ple have no right of resistance because this right is capable of being abused, we j might for the same reason conclude on the 1 other hand that rulers have no authority, because it is possible that they may abuse | their power to promote their own separate benefit. The possibility that a right may be abused does not prove that no such right exists. “In short,” says Rutherford, “when the question is whether the unrerne Gov ernors of a civil society have abused their trust by counteracting the ends of social union.| the case is of such a sort that no civil judge is or can be provided for it. But it does not follow from hence that there is no judge at all; each of the par ties are left to judge for themselves, as if they wore still in a state of nature. Both parties are accountable to God, if they judge wroDgly and act upon this judgment, but neither of them is bound to submit to the judgment of the other.” This is the true doctrine in regard to the right of judging and determining who shall interpose to arrest grievances inflict ed by pretence of authority, and under the form of government. The party aggrieved must be the judge ofthe mode and meas ure of redress, otherwise there would be no redress at all. The party inflicting the wroDg has prejudiced the case and deter mined that he has the right to exercise the power complained of, and it would be pre posterous to allow him to judge and deter mine whether redress should be attempted or in what way it should be sought. The party aggrieved must necessarily be the judge, if there beany judge at all. in such a ease. When the free States assumed the right to judge and declare the clause of the Constitution requiring the rendition of fugitive slaves not obligatory upon them, because they owe obidience to what they term a higher law. they not only broke the compact, but inflicted a grievons wrong upon othqr parties to the compact, in ut ter disregard of their tight, of property. The right to property to the extent of several hundred millions of dollars was as saiied. Could it bo expected that the owners woulj remain passive without making any effort to protect their rights? Or did the right of judging in such a case belong to the free States ? It will hardly be so pretended. The Southern and slave bolding States hafts much right to judge whai mode and measure of redress should ! be adopted Lv them to protect their rights that the other Sta'es had to determine that they were released by a higher law ; from all obligation to recognise those rights. This right of judging when and how hi interpose when our rights are assailed is but another name for the right of self-pro tection, and cannot be yielded by any peo ple or body politic without self-destruction. The principle enunciated and established 1 by Rutherford is, that in the case ofthein fr union of a constitutional compact by one ot the parties, the other has the right to declare it void, and the right of judging be | longs as much to one party as the other.. But the doctrine advanced by Ruther ford is intended by him to he applied to ’ one people, or body politic under one gov : eminent. * lu Blaekstoae’s Commentaries, voL 1, [ pages 97 and 98, may be found authority more directly to the point, that in a Con federacy, or league formed by S'ates, hav ing and retaining a separate existence, an infringement ofthe terms of the union by any of the parties, rescinds the compact. He is treating of the union of England and Scotland in o one Kingdom, by the name ofGreat Britain. Some of the aiticles of the union were that “The United Kingdom should be represented bv one Parliament, and that the Church of Scotland and the four Uni versities of that Kingdom should be estab lished forever,” and that “all acts then in force for the preservation of the Church of England were declared perpetual, and these were to be observed forever as fundamental and essential conditions of the union.” Upon these articles and act of union, Blackstone observes : “1. That two king doms are now so imperatively unit ’d that nothing can ever disunite them again ex cept the mutual consent ot both, or the successful resistance of cither upon appre hending an infringement of those points which, when they were separate and inde pendent nations, it was mutually stipulated should be ‘lundamentai and essential con ditions of the union.’ ” “2. That whatever else may be deemed ‘fundamental and essential conditions,’ the preservation of the two Churches of England and Scotland in the same state that they were in at the time of the union, and the maintenance of the acts of uni formity, which establish our common prayer, are expressly declared so to be. “3. That,therefore, any alteration in the constitution of either of those churches, or in the liturgy of the Church of England (unless with the consent of the respective churches, collectively or representatively given) would bean infringement of these ' fundamental and essential conditions,’ and greatly endanger the union.” Blackstone adds, in a note: “It may justly be doubted whether even such an infringement (though a manifest breach of good faith, unless done upon the most pressing necessity) would of itself dissolve the union, for the bare idea of a State without a power somewhere vested to alter every part of its laws, is tho height of po litical absurdity.” “The truth seems to be”—and this is the point made by blackstone, to which particular attention is called—“that in such an incorporate union (which is well distinguished by a learned prelate from a federate alliance, where such an infringe ment would certainly rescind the compact) the two contracting parties are totally an nihilated without any power of a revival ; and a third arises from their conjunction in which all the rights of sovereignty, and particularly that of legislation, must reside.” The doctrine of Blackstone is, that when two States, or bodies politic, unite and form one government for tho whole it is an incorporate union—a fusion and arnalga mation of two States into one —the con tracting parties are totally annihilated, and a third power or government arises from their conjunction, possessing all the rights of sovereignty and legislation—and if the terms and conditions upon which the union was made should be violated that would not ipso facto dissolve, but might en danger the unioD, as it would give the aggrieved party the right of resistance. But in the case of a federate alliance—to use his language—or in other words, a league, or confederacy, or a government founded on Federal relations, where two or more States unite to form a common government, but retain their distinctive existence as States or bodies politic v. itb all the rights incident to them, as such, in such a case, an infringement-of the terms of the compact by one of the parties would certainlyjescind it, or, to speak more accurately, in the words of Rutherford, it may be declared void by the other party. This is the doctrine of right, of .justice, of reason, of common sense, supported by high and eminent authority—otherwise, one party might break a cornpa t, and re pudiate its obligation, and the other be held to its observance, however grievous tho burden. Such is not law, or reason, or common sense, or common justice. When the States formed anew govern ment by the adoption and ratification of the Constitution—did they form an in corporate union, in the language of Black stone, and were the contracting parties totally annihilated, and did a third arise from their conjunction? Never. The States retained their distinctive existence as States—their State lines, their territory, their State Governments, their Executive, Legislative and Judicial departments. Proof' of this need not be adduced. If any were needed, it is furnished in the fact that all the free States, or very nearly all, in their separate and distinctive ca pacities as States, by their own legislation, annulled, within their respective limits, that clause of the Constitution which re quires the rendition of fugitive slaves. They doubtless claimed to be sovereign States then, whatever may be their theory now. The Union, which was founded by the ratification of the Constitution, was not an incorporate union—it was a compact between sovereign States, acting as States —and when I speak of a State, I mean the people—the body politic, residing with in certain territorial limits, as constituting tho State. There is not, and never lias been, any such body politic, as the people of the United States, constituting one aggregate mass. Such being the facts, as I have attempt ed to show thenr, and such tho law, appli cable to them, may I not ask tbe question, confidently believing that it cannot with truth receive an affermative answer—was the separation of the Southern and slave holding States from the free States a causeless and unjustifiable rebellion? IFds it a rebellion ? If there is any truth in the facts which I have stated, and any correctness in the law which I have quoted, it was not. A rebellion is unauthorized resistance of lawful authority. The separation of the slave holding from the free States was the exercise of tbe sovereign powers ofthe former in Conven tion duly authorized by law and called to consider the mode and measure of redress against infractions of the constituted com pact by the latter. In such action there wat not a single ingredient of what con stitutes rebellion. The separation deter mined on was the voice of the sovereign people of the separate States, speaking by and through their legally organized bodies. The right to separate from States which had infringed the compact of union by a denial of an important light intended to be secured by it belonged to the people of the aggrieved States by virtue of their sover eignty, of which they had never divested themselves; and, when this sovereign power was exercised by a State, it Was au thoritative and binding upon the citizens thereof, and obedience to that authority was not rebellion. The exercise of this power was not re sistance to the authority of the Federal Government, but it was a withdrawal from a union of States which had forfeited the right to hold the withdrawing States in the Union, and the authority of tho Federal Government over the separating States fell as a necessary consequence. The ces sation of the authority ot the Federal Gov ernment in the States which withdrew was the result ofthe exercise by those States of their fight to withdraw, and not of any force or violence used to put it down. If it was a rebellion, then the considera tion of the note sued on was illegal, for in that case it was hiring the plaintiff to fight and resist lawful authority. If the separa tion was the exercise of a right belonging to the States, then it was not a rebellion, and the consideration ofthe note is legal, unless it be vitiated by the character of the war in which the plaintiff engaged to fight. in the argument made by counsel for the defendant in the court below, it was said that the late war was waged and carried on to destroy the Government of the United States, and the note being given to aid in the prosecution of that object, its consideration is illegal and the note void. The fact is far otherwise than as stated by counsel. There was no intention or effort by the late Confederate States to destroy the Gov ernment of the United States, Dordid they prosecute the war with such view or pur pose. Their only object was to protect themselves in the exercise of a right which they believed fairly to belong to them and to establish their own independence as a government. When they withdrew from the Union, they lelt the other States in the full exer cise of all the powers of government, both State and Federal, and would not have disturbed them had they net been them selves assailed. That the govern ment of the United States retained its fail vigor, notwithstanding the withdrawal of the So a thorn States, was exemplified by tn« fact that it was still puz.<qns! ia tucu and means, as the withdrawing States learned ! by sad experience. The Southern Stites separated them selves from the others, because they had just grounds for the separation, and they 1 proceeded, as they had a right to do, to j form a Confederacy with alt the powers of : government for their material protection and safety. Nor was the war, which fol i lowed, waged by them, but it was IToin meneed by the Government of the United States, and was met by the Confederate | States in self-defence and for self-protec tion. Separation did not necessarily beget war, but wrongful opposition to it did. The Christian religion, when first pro 1 mitigated, met violent opposition—and the bloody wars, which were urged to subvert ! it, were not the direet consequence of its promulgation.but were available to the am bition and evil passious o! those who op posed it—and the war which followed the separation of the Southern States from the others, is ao more attributable to that separation as the producing cause, than can the Christian religion be held eharga I ble with the wars waged against it by wick ed men for their own selfish purposes, j Did the Southern States commence the 1 late war, or was it forced upon them by the States which opposed their withdraw al from the Union? A recurrence and wdi known historical fact will enable us Vo decide this question. When South Carolina withdrew from the Union she annulled all the powers of Gov ernment belonging to United States within her limits, both civil and military. It would have been a senseless proceed ing on her part merely to have withdrawn from the Union and still permitted any part of her territory to be oeeupied by the military authorities of the United States. If South Carolina had the right to with draw, and a sufficient cause existed for such a step, she withdrew her territory as well as her people from the Government of the United States, Land every inch of territory within her limits was subject to her jurisdiction. The retention, theD, of the forts within her territorial limits by the Government of the United. States was an act of hostility, and it was the com mencement ofthe hostilities which ensued, and the at'empt to reinforce Fort Sumter in the harbor of Charleston under the cir cumstances then existing was a further act of war, and the obligation upon the Con federate Government to protect the States forming the Confederacy, necessarily called for resistance. The Confederacy wouid have been derelict in its duty if it had not expelled the hostile force which sought to hold possession of the harbor of Charleston. The war was commenced by the Gov ernment of the United States, though the first gun was fired by tbe Confederacy. The invasion of the Confederate States by the armies of the United States followed, and whatever armies were levied upon by the Confederate States, were levied to protect themselves against a cruel, unjust, remorseless, atrocious war. The Government of the Confederate States, in providing for raising armies to repel invasions, authorized substitutes to be received iu the service in lieu ot those subject to enrollment, who might be able to employ them. Without producing it, I take it as an acknowledged fact, that such a law was enacted, aud under and by virtue of its authority, the plaintiff’ was received iri the army of the Confederacy in lieu of Bailey, one of the defendants.. The plaintiff' agreed to assume the burden which was upon him, and to perform the duty which was required of him for the sain stipulated to be paid him in the face of the note. For relieving him from the burden which was upon him, and from the duty he was called upou to perform. The defendant agreed to pay the plaintiff the amount specified in the note. The burden was borne, and the duty performed by the "plaintiff, and thereby the defendant was -relieved and rnmained at. home in peace and security. Ought he not to pay the plaintiff for re lieving him from the privations, hardships and hazards of life incident, to war? And’ when the contract was expressly authorized bv law, how eau it be said to be illegal ? It was not illegal, unless the law itself was illegal, if such an expression is allowable. If the law which authorized the recep tion of subititu'es was void for want of authority in the Government which en acted it, so was every law enacted by tho Confederate Congress—so was every Con federate Treasury note issued by that government a Dullity—so was every pay ment made in those notes likewise a nulli ty—so were all concerned in organizing and sustaining the void government rebels and traitors. Blistered be my tongue when it shall utter such an opinion. BY TELEGRAPH. TO THE ASSOCIATED PRESS. From Cuba. Havana, June 20, p. in.—Marines are now guarding forts Moro and Cubanas, the volunteers disavowing any intention to resist, berodas having retired. Fight hundred Spaniards were defeated aud lost their convoy near Los Tunas. Spaniards at Cinco Villas and bos Tunas are calling for reinforcements. General Duello says five thousand men are required in Ciueo Villas district. From Hayti. Havana, June 26, noon.—Heavy fight ing again at Aux Cayes an I Salnave was defeated with heavy loss. It is reported Superon has landed at Puerto Plata, San Domingo, and demands its surrender. The port of Maracaibo, in Venezuela, is elosed. / From San Francisco. San Francisco, June 26, noon.—Sen ators Wade and Coukling, with the Com mittee of Ways and Means of the House, met a number of leading business men and representatives of six Chinese Com panies. A Chinese representative made a speech, expressing the hope that the Gov ernment wouid double the subsidy ofthe China line, enabling it to run fortnightly, and suggested Congressional assurance of just protection of chances. Chinese capital and isles will invest money here. They complained of the mysteriousness of Cali fornia taws, preventing Chiue3e testimony in thecourts ami especially taxing Chinese immigrants and miners. From Washington. Washington, Juno 26, p. m.—Reve nue to-day 8767,000. Supervisor Noah, of Tennessee, was allowed to i*>sign ; his successor is un known. The ehango is attributed to the influence of Stokes’ party. The President has appointed Win. M. Wood chief of the Navy Bureau ot Medi cine and Surgery. Creawell was present at the interview between Grant and Demos. The interview was unofficial. It is stated, on tolerable good authority, that Grant never asked xioar’s opinion regarding the political status of Georgia. Hoar certainly has taken no steps toward preparing such opinion. From Richmond. Richmond, Juno 26, p. m.—Joseph Kelly, who was shot Thursday evening at the Registration office by the police Captain Callahan, died this morning. His death creates much feeling in the city, he having been held by three policemen, whild»Calla han, who had a personal feud with him, shot him. Kelly was Vice President of of the Seymour and Blair club during the campaign ; and Callahan was an ex- Confederate officer, who had charge of a Confederate prison during the war and has since joined the Republican party. Callahan, who was bailed, was to-day re arrested. Edmund Fontaine, projector of the Chesapeake & Ohio Railroad, died to-day, aged sixty-nine. General Can by orders that Callahan, who killed Kelley, betried by military com mission. The Weatlier. Wilmington, June 26, p. m. —Weather clear aud hot. Wind S. W. Thermometer 87. Marine News. Charleston, June 26, p. m.—Arrived, United States Steamer Moccasin,(vom Wil mington. Off ihe port, Schooner M. E. Taber, from New York; Sailed, Steamer Champion, for New York. Savannah, June 26, p. m.—Cleared, steamers San Salvador for New York ; America for Baltimore ; Tonawanda for Philadelphia. Arrived, steamer Leo from New York. Money Markets. London, June 26, noon. —Consols 92J; Bonds 80i. New York, June 26, noon.—Stocks strong, Now York Centra! reached 197 ; Money active at 7; Golu Sterling 91 ; Gold 137i;*’62’s 22; North rarotinas 1 better; Virginias ex-coupon 58, new 62; Tennes sees ex-coupon 621, new Bouisiauas old 72, Devees 68. New York, June 26, p. m.—Money abundant at 7 in currency, large balances utleredat 5@6 at the close; Sterling 91@ ()i;Gold weak at 1371@137! ; Govern ments a shade firmer and in good demand; ’62s 22@22J ; Southerns closed steady ; Stocks strong. > New Orleans, Juno 26. p. m.—Gold 11371; Sterling 511; New York Sight i premium. Cotton Markets. Liverpool, June 26, noon.—Cotton shade firmer—Uplands 12ld, Orleans 12id; sales 12,000 bales. Liverpool, June 26, afternoon.—Cotton active—Uplands 12jjd, Orleans 125; sales 18,000 bales, Havre, June 26, noon. —Cotton quiet and steady. New York, June 26, noon.*—Cotton firmer at 33ic. New York, June 26. p. m.—Cotton more active aud firmer—sales 4,800 bales at 33Jc. Baltimore, June 26, p. m.—Cotton firm at 301 c. Charleston, June 26, p. m.—Cotton steady; sales 125 bales; receipts 111 bales’. Savannah, June 26, p. m. —Cotton market firm ; Middling 31c ; sales nom ftial; receipts 236 bales; exports 1,199 I bales. Mobile, June 26, p. m.—Cotton in good i.emand among few and closed firm—sales 700 bales; Low Middlings 30(g,301c; re j eeipts 180 bales. New Orleans, June 26. p. m.—Cotton active and unchanged—Middlings 31ic; sales 1,250 bales; repaipU 143 • bates; ex- ports 2.UBS bale:. Produce Markets. Liverpool, June 25, afternoon.—Lard quiet at 725; Bacon 635. New York, June 26, noon—flour dull and declining; Wheat l@2c lower; Corn shade firmer ; Pork dull at $32 75Q -32 So; Lard quiet; T -;;i Q ntu>: dull at 41J (3.42 c; Kosin steady; Freights turn. New York, June 26, p. ra.—Flour 5(3,10c lower; Wheat heavy, Corn a shade bettei but not active; Whiskey lower at 9se@sl; Mess Pork dull and heavy; Lard a shade easier— kettle 19J @ 20e; Naval stores quiet; Groceries dull ; 1- reights tirm. ■Baltimore, June 20, p. m. —Flour duil and weak; Wheat lower—valley red 81(5,1 75, new white $2: Corn dull—while 95(5,97c; Provisions quiet and unchanged; Whiskey scarce at ?I 04. Cincinnati, June 26, p. m.—Whiskey 93c; Pork $32 75@33; Bacon unchanged. Louisville, June 26, p. in.—Provisions dull; Mess Pork f33 .50; Bacon—shoulders llie, clear sides ISie. St. Louis, June 2G, p. sa.—Whiskey 94c: Mess P»;k sso 25t033 75; Bacon shoulders life, clear sides 18fc; Lard heavy at 19ic. Wilmington, June_2B, p. m.—Spirits Turpentine steady at 374; Kosin steady at SI So(g,s, Crude 'turpentine $2 t»(<s3; Tar $2 25. New Orleans, June 26, in.—Flour mpeifinet's 85, doubleso 25,treble $0 374; Corn —white 95c; Oats 71 (372 c; Bran $lO5 @1 07; Hay—prime $26@27 ; Pork he’d at $35; Bacon 15, 18@18|c; Lard 20@21c, keg 21i@22c; Sugar—eornmou 95(5|10ie, prime 13@ 14c; Molasses uo sales—fermenting nominally at 40(®42c£ Whiskey 925@950 ; Coffee dull and unchanged. Weekly Review of Augusta Markets. OFFICE BOARD OF TRADE, | Augusta. Ga.. June 15.1869—P.M. 1 COTTON.—We have had a very quiet market throughout the past week with very little variation in prices; the •fferinga have been very light, as holders are not anxious to place their stock on the market. In the latter part of the week favorable advices from New York buoyed up our market, it closing quiet but firm, Middling 31 cents. The sales and receipts for th£ past week, with the exception of Wednesday, were sales 38G bales ; receipts 244 bales. RECEIPTS OP COTTON. The following are the receipts of Cotton by the dif ferent Rail Roads and the River for the week ending Thursday evening, June JJ4. 1869 : Receipts by the Georgia liail Road bales 236 “ Augusta A Savannah R R 00 Total receipts by R. R •. 236 COTTON SHIPMENTS. The following are the shipments of Cotton by the different liail Roads and the River for the week ending Thursday evening, June 24, 1869. By Railroad. South Carolina R. R., local shipment bales 597 “ “ through shipments 128 Augusta A Savannah R. R., local shipments 00 “ “ “ through shipments 000 Total shipments by Railroads 725 RECIKPTS OF PRODUCE, ETC. Trade for the past week very light, there being but little demand and that for home use and not specula tive. There being no country merchants in town, consequently there is no country trade doing. We refer to our price current for quotations of the week. The following are the receipts of produce by the different Rail Roads during the week ending on Thurs day evening, June 24,1869 : Bacon 1b5..124,666 Corn bushels 8,887 Wheat “ 925 Flour barrels 135 Hay 000 Meal 000 FINANCIAL—There has been a moderate demand for Securities. Sales of Georgia Railroad Stock 108 ex-dividend. Atlantic & Gulf consolidated Bonds at 82 ' a . Augusta Bonds 90. Augusta & Savannah Rail road stock 92. Money easy at i per cent, a month. * GEORGIA HANKS. Bank of Athe 7 s 65 a— Bank of Columbus 10 a— Bank of Commerce 7 a— Bank of Fulton 45 a— Bank of the Empire State 18 h 20 Bank of Middle Georgia 95 a— Bank of Savannah 65 a— Bank of the State of Georgia 24 a— Central Rail Road and Banking Cos 99 a— City Bank of Augusta 60 a— Farmers’and Mechanics’Bauk 11 a Georgia Rail Road and Banking Cos 99 a— Union Bank 8 a— SOUTH CAROLINA BANKS. Bank of Camden 75 a— Bank of Charleston 70 a— Bai lof Chester 10 a— Ban lof Georgetown 10 a— Bank of Hamburg 8 a— Bank of Newberry 70 a— Bank of South Carolina 10 a— Bank of the State of S. 0., old issue... 45 a—. Bank of the State of S. C., new issue.. 15 a— Commercial Bank, Columbia 1 a— Exchange Bank, Columbia 10 a— Merchants’, Cheraw 10 a— Peoples’ Bank 70 a Planters’ Bank 5 a Planters’ and Mechanics’ Bank 75 a— Southwestern Rail Road, old 60 a State Bank 5 a 1_ Marine Bank 98 a Mechanics’ Bank 1 a— Merchants’ and Planters’ Bank S a Timber Cutters’ Bauk 2 a Union Bauk 95 a OLD BONDS, ETC. Georgia Rail Road Bonds 102 >4 a— “ “* Stock 106 a— Central Rail Road Bonds 102 a “ “ Stock 123 a— Southwestern Rail Road Bonds 100 a— “ • “ Stock a 104 Atlanta and West Point Bonds 100 a 102 “ “ Stock a 100 Macon and Augusta endorsed Bonds.. 95 a— Macon and Augusta Morgaged Bonds.. 85 a— Macon and Augusta Stock 35 a— Muscogee Rail ltoa 1 JBouds 90 a 95 Georgia Sixes, old 80 a “ Sevens, new 94 a Columbia & Augusta Rail Road Stock 13 a 13>4 Atlantic & Gulf Rail Road Stock 42 a Augusta Bonds ... 88 a 90 COMMERCIAL. GENERAL TRADE—The general trade for the past week has been without much activity, and the m% - chants cannot look for much trade until the planters have their crops in such a condition that they can leave them with security. The demand for Provisions is very good, and prices of Bacon and Corn are firm, the demand being confined to consumption entirely no one seems inclined to operate in Bacon, particu larly at the present high prices, although all seem to concur in the opinion that prices will rule still higher. DOMESTICS—AII in limited demand notwithstand ing the present price of cotton, and at prices jjrevail ing offer a splendid field for speculation. BACON continues firm with light Block, but no change in quotation. CORN—Demand continues good and prices have advanced, some asking more. WHEAT—SI 50@1 75 for Red, White $1 75@1 90; very little offering as planters are busy with their crops. HAY—sl 75(gj2 for North River and Eastern. Good supply and limited demand. DRUGS—We have a decided improvement on last week’s business with no material change in prices. BAGGING and ROPE—Very little demand as yet. Prices firm. • TOBACCO—The demand continues good, especially for medium grades, but uo change to note in SUGAR—Good demand and prices a little easier. DRY GOODS—Good demand. APPLES- Green perbbl.. 4 00 a 8 00 Dry lb.. 8 a lo BACON- Clear Sides lb.. a 20 Clear Ribbed Sides lb.. 19>£a 20 Dry Salt Shoulders lb.. 15 a 15 Ribbed B. B. Si ies lb.. 18\.a 19 Shoulders lb.. 16 a 16 >4 Hams .lb.. 18 a 23 Dry Salt C. R.• lb.. 18 >4a 19 BEEF- Dried ..lb.. 20 a BAGGING ANI) ROPE- Bagging —Gunny yd.. 23 a 25 Bengal yd.. a 26 Dundee yd.. a Burlaps....’ yd.. 13 a Rope —Machine, Hemp lb.. Half Coils lb.. 9 a 9 Hand Spun lb.. 7 a- s' Green Leaf lb.. 10 a 11 Manilla lb.. 25 u Flax lb.. 7 a 9 Cottoh lb.. 30 a BAGS- Osnaburg, two bushel 25 a Shirting, “ 19 a Burlaps 16 a BUTTER— Goshen lb.. 60 a 60 Country lb.. 20 a BEES WAX- Yellow lb.. a 35 BUCKWHEAT— New Buckwheat Flour bbl 10 00 a “ half bbl a5 5n “ “ qrt bbl a3 to CANDLES— Sperm Ib.. 45 a 60 Patent Sperm 11).. 00 a VO Adamantine lb.. 18 a 2." Tallow lb.. 18 a 20 CANDIES— American lb.. 26 a 2S French lb.. 75 a 1 82 CHEESE- Goshen lb.. 28 a 25 Factory lb.. 25>„a State lb.. 18 a 19 CEMENT- Hydraulic bbl.. 5 00 a 5 50 COEFEE- Rio, common lb.. 20 a 22 Fair lb.. 24 a 25 • Prime lb.. 25 a 2t Choice lb.. 26 a 27 Laguayra lb.. 28 a 80 Java lb.. 40 a 42 Malibar lb.. 50 a African lb.. 50 a CORN MEAL- City Bolted bus.. a 1 20 • Country bus.. 1 10 a DOMESTIC COTTON GOODB - Factory, 8-4 yd.. a l\% * “ “ 7-8 yd.. 14 a “ 4-4 yd.. 15 a “ “ 7-8 Drill..yd.. 16 a Hopewell, 7-8 yd.. 12j^a 7 oz. Osnaburgs yd.. a 20 Montour, 7-8 a 18 8 oz. Osnaburgs yd.. a 21 Osuaburg Stripes yd.. a 18>£ Hickory Stripes yd.. 12>£a 20 Fonteno’ Shirtings yd.. a 21 Granitevillo Factory, 8-4 yd.. a 11>* M “ 7-8.... yd.. a 14 44 44 4-4.... yd.. a 15^ 44 . 44 7-8 Drill .. u 16 Athens Checks ....yd.. a 19 Athens Wool Jeans yd.. 40 a 50 Athens Stripes yd.. 17 Apalachee Stripes yd.. 17 a Jewell Factory, 7-8 yd. 13>$ a 44 4-4 yd.. 15 Richmond Fact’y Osnaburgs.yd.. 18 44 “ {Stripes.... yd.. a 19 PRINTS— Standard yd.. 12 a 13 Mourning.j yd.. 10 a Wamsuta yd.. 9&a Arnold’s yd.. 11 a 13 Freeman’s yd.. 12 a Oriental yd.. Amoskeag yd.. 12>$a 18 Hamilton yd.. 12 a 18 American yd.. 12Ka 13 Dunnell’s yd.. Home yd.. 8 V£a Ll Lancaster yd.. 12>^a Merrimac yd.. 14 a Best Styles yd.. 12Xa 13^ Common yd.. 8 a 10 )' z Sheetings and Shiktings— New York Mills yd.. 28 a Lonsdale yd.. * a 20 Hope yd.. a 18 Spool Cotton— Coats’ yd.. 95 a Clarke’s yd.. 95 a Ticking— Amoskeag, \ C A yd.. 40 a “ A yd.. 85 a “ B yd.. 30 a “ C yd.. 27 >2 a “ D yd.. 25 a Conestoga, 4-4 .. 35 a “ 7-8 yd.. 27 Yarns— Nos. Cto 12.. yd.. ' 2 00 a Fontenoy 6to 12 yd.. 200 a COTTON CARDS , 0 _ No. 10 perdoz.. 8 00 a 9 00 CAMBRICS- . Paper yd.. 15 a Common yd.. 12>£a CORN SHELLERS DRUGS, DYES, OILS PAINTS. SPICEBL TC. PACKAGE PRICES. Acid—Muriatic lb 9 a 1C “ Nitric lb.. 18 a 20 “ Sulphuric lb.. 7 a 9 Alum lb.. 6 is Allspice .lb.. 38 a 40 Blue Mas3 .....lb.. 90 a 1 5C Blue Stone lb.. 14 a 16 Borax—rchued lb.. 4< a 45 Brimstone lb.. 7 a 9 Cassia (Cinnamon) lb.. 1 10 a1 25 Calomel lb.. 1 30 a 160 Camphor lb.. 125 a 1 50 Chloride Lime lb.. 9 a 3- Chrome Green lb.. 95 a 4C Chrome Yellow lb.. 28 a 5 Cloves... lb.. 60 a 7‘ Copperas lb.. 3 a 5 Cream Tartar .lb.. 50 a 6V .Epsom’s Salt lb.. 6 a 7,- Flax Seed lb.. 10 a L Ginger Root lb.. 28 a 30 Glass—Bxlo box 50f.. 4 25 a 5 “ 10x12 “ 450 a5 2) 44 .2x14 44 500 a7 00 ‘ 12x18.. ! - 3 00 a 8 00 Clue lb.. 25 a 57 Gum Arabic—Select lb.. 100 a125 “ “ Sorts lb.. CO a Honey—stramed gall.. 1 50 a 200 Indigo—Span slot Ib.. 140 a 2 00 Lamp Black —Ordinary... .IV>, 10 a 12 “ “ - Refined... lb.. 85 a 40 Liquorice P&ftc—Calab lb.. 45 a 55 Liihargc lb.. a ‘4> Logwood—Chipped lb.. Z a 6 “■ Extract To.. 15 a 16 Mace lb.. 1 70 a 2 00 Madder lb.. 26 a 28 Mercury Ib.. 1 00 a1 25 Morphine—Sulph oz.. 11 50 a 12 5*3 Nutmegs lb.. 17:. k 1 80 Oil—Castor (East India) gall.. 3 50 a 4Ov “ “ (American) gall.. 300 a “ Coal (Eer) burning best,galL „ 65 a 75 ** “ “ “ com.gall. 55 u “ 44 Lubricatin" ...gall.. 75 a 1 1C “ Lard gall.. 200 a2 25 l - Lamp gall.. 250 a 3 ~ Linseed gall.. 185 a1 51 “ pure gall.. 8 00 a 8 To 44 Tanners gall.. 25 a 60 “ Train gall.. 1 O') a Opium lb.. 18 OO a2O 00 p.jtash—bulk lb.. ?3 i 18 44 in Cans L*.. 23 a 25 Prussian Bine.. lb.. 75 al Putty n>.. a 9 Quinine —Sulphate oz.. 280 a3 00 Red Lead ...lb.. 20 a 22 Itooto—Ginsing \. .lb.. 80 a 1 23 “ Pink :Ib.. ** a 60 44 Queen’s .... &.. 10 a 20 44 S-cega Lb.. 60 a 75 4 ‘ Snake, Virginia Ib.. 90 a 1 Soda—Sal lb.. Safe Soda—Bi-Carb lb.. 8 a 11 Spanish Brtrtm Ib.. 5 a 0 Spirit Turpentine gall.. 65 a 75 Sulphur Flo were lie, n i Umber—Raw lb.. Id a X 2 44 Burnt Ib . 12 a 10 Varnish--€n*ch gall.. 4 00 a 6 00 “ Furniture gall.. 3 00 a 460 “ Damar gall.. 400 a. 5 “ Japan gall.. 2 5o u 300 Veuetian Red lb.. 8 a 9 Vermillion—Chinese lb.. 1 75 a2 25 “ American lb.. 5o a 6o Verdigris lb.. 75 a I oo White Lead gr. in Oil—Amer.lb.. lo a 17 “ “ “ Engl.lb.. 16 a 2o Whiting lb.. 4 a 6 Zinc—White, inOil—French.lb.. 18 a 2o “ “ “ Aiuer...lb.. 12 a 18 FLANNELS— All Wool yd.. 25 a 75 FLOUR- Country —Super bbl.. 7fO a 750 Extra bbl.. 800 a 8 50 Family bbl.. lo 00 al2 00 Excelsior Mills —Super bbl.. a 9 00 Extra bbl.. alO 50 XX bbl.. all 50 Granite Mills— Superfine.. bbl.. a 7 to Extra bbl.. a 9 10 XX bbl.. alO 00 Augusta Flour Mills (formerly Carmxchael)— Canal bbl.. a Superfine., .bbl.. a9 Extra bbl.. 9 50 alO Family bbl.. a XX bbl.. all GRIND STONES- lb.. 3 GUANO- Oakley Mills’ Raw Bone ton.. 75 00 a Whitelocks Cerealizer ton.. 75 00 a Woolstou’s A Bone Phosphate of Lime ton.. 75 00 a WandoCo’s Amm. Phos ton.. 57 50 a Sea Fowl ton.. 80 00 a Andrews & Go’s ton.. 40 00 a Peruvian, No. 1 ton.. 100 00 a Wilcox, Gibbs A Co’s Phoenix.... 65 00 a “ “ Manipulated 70 00 a Turner’s Excelsior ton.. 85 00 a Rhode’s Super Phosphate . .ton.. 70 00 a Sol. Pacific ton.. 75 00 a Baugh’s Raw Bone ton.. 75 00 a Laud Plaster ton.. 25 00 a Zell’s R. B. Phosphate ton.. 72 00 a * 4 S. Phos. Lime ton.. 72 00 a Whann’s R. U. S. Phos ton.. 7u 00 a Patapsco Guano ton.. 70 00 a75 00 GRAIN— Wheat— White bus.. 1 76 a 190 Red bus. 160 a1 75 Com —White bus.. a 1 22 Mixed bus.. a 0 00 WOOL- Uuwashed ID 25 a Washed id GUN POWDER— Rifie keg.. 7 50 a Blasting keg.. 500 a Fuse 100 feet.. Ino u HAY- Northern ewt.. a 1 75 Eastren ewt.. 1 90 a 2 00 Country ewt.. u 1 oo HIDES— Prime Green lb.. 8 a 9 Green Salted lb.. h a 17 Dry Salted lb.. 17 a 20 Dry Flint lb.. a 20 IKON— Bar, refined lb.. 6) .a 6 Sweediah lb.. (Vj.a 7 Sheet lb.. 7>^a Builer lb.. 8‘ 4 a 8L Nailltod lb.. 9 a 12 Horse Shoes lb.. 10 a 11 Horse Shoe Nails lb.. 18 a 40 Castings *. lb.. 7 a 8 Steel, cast lb.. 24 a 25 Steel Slabs lb.. n a 12 Iron Ties lb.. 7'.a 9 LARD— Pressed Ib.. if, a 17 Leaf, in bbls lb.. 21 a 22 Leaf, in half bbls lb.. 22 a 23 Leaf, in kegs lb.. 22 a 22 LEATHER— Northern Oak Sole lb.. 45 a 62 Country Oak Sole lb.. 35 a 45 Hemlock Sole lb.. 32 a 37 Harness lb.. 60 a 60 Skirting ....lb.. 58 a 60 Kip Skins doz.. 45 00 a9O Calfskins doz.. 36 00 a7S Upper doz.. 36 00 a6O 00 Bridles ..doz.. 62 00 a76 Bridles, fair doz.. 52 00 a? 5 Hog Seating doz.. 60 00 aloo LIME liocklaud bbl.. 275 a3 00 Howard, Southern bbl.. 2 75 a 3 00 LIQUORS— Kingston cask.. 450 a5 00 Brandy —Cognac gall.. 800 als 00 Uumestic gall.. 250 a5 00 Cordials esse.. 12 00 a Albohot gall.. 450 a 500 Cm —Holland gall,. 5 00 a6 60 American gall.. 2 00 a 300 Rum— Jamaica gall., s 00 alO 00 New England gall.. 165 a3 00 Wine— Madeira gall.. 260 a4 60 p °rt gall.. 260 a4 50 •Sherry gall.. 2 60 a4 50 Claret gall.. 5 00 al2 00 Champagne, fine.basket.. 28 00 a4O Champagne, ihf. .basket ~ 18 00 a25 Whiskey —Bourbon...- gall.. 3 00 a 5 ■ Notified gall.. 1 30 a 2 Bye gall.. 175 a 6 Irish gall.. 7 00 a 9 Scotch gall.. 7 00 a 9 5C MOLASSES— Muscovado gall.. 60 a lteboiled gall.. 60 a Fine Quality, new crop gall.. 55 a 60 Sy™P- gall.. 70 a 1 25 Syrup, Stuart’s choice gall,. a 1 60 Syrup, lower grades gall.. 50 a 60 MACKEREL—uew -. No. I bbl.. 23 00 a24 No. 2 bbl.. 19 60 a2O No. 3 large bbl.. 16 50 al7 No. 3 bbl.. al4 No. 1 half bbl.. 12 00 a No. 2 “ loco all 00 No. 3 •< 8 00 a 8 76 No. 1 kit.. 325 a No. 2 kit.. 250 aa2 55 N°. 3 kit.. 225 a 7 265 Mess kit.. 00 MACCARONI American and Italian lb a 25 . NAILS— keg.. 575 a6 00 ONIONS- bbl.. 800 a 9 00 UAIo — bus.. 1 00 a PEACHES— Peeled ' lb.. 15 a 18 Unpeelod, uo sales lb.. 6 a 8 PEAS- Sced :.. .bus.. 115 a POTATOES- Irieh bbl.. a 300 Sweet, new bus.. a 1 PICKLES— , gal.. 75 a 1 00 PLANTATION TOOLS- Anvils lb.. 15 a 20 Axes doz.. 15 00 alB Picks doz.. 12 00 alB Trace Chains doz.. 900 als Hoes doz.. 600 al4 Shovels —Long handle doz.. 12 00 al6 Short handlo doz.. 14 00 alB " cast steel.. 16 60 a Spades doz.. 16 00 al7 00 RYE Seed bus.. 1 76 a RICE— India 1b.... a * Carolina 1b.... 9 a lo STARCH— pearI 1b.... 10 a 1212 SALT- Liverpool sack a 2 60 SHOT- bag 3 25 a 340 SEIVES— Mai doz.. 300 a 4 4 SPOOL COTTON— Coats’ doz.. 1 00 a Clarke’s doz.. ■ 1 00 a STOCK FEED— Yellow Meal Feed bus.. a 1 20 SHEETINGS AND SHIRTINGS- New York Mills yd.. 28 a 3i> • Lonsdale yd.. Hope yd.. 20 a SOAPS- Colegate’s No. 1 lb 9 a Pale lb 11 a 12 Family lb 12 >4 a Ga. Chemical Works lb 8‘ a SUGAILS- Muscovado lb 14 a 15 Porto Rico lb 15 a 16 % A 1b.... 15J4a 17 B lb a 10,14 ' Extra C lb IGa 16 U lb Yellow lb 15>4a 16 Loaf, double refined lb a 21 Crushed lb 18 ala 14 Granulated lb 18 a 18 Powdered lb 18 a 18 SMOKING TOBACCO - Marcilla gross 8 20 a Right Bower gross 25 00 a Killickanick lb 1 00 a Danville lb 50 a 0 Fruits and Flowers , 65 a Commonwealth 45 a 59 Chanticleer gross 9 00 alO 00 Durham, taxes paid 65 a75 Navy “ .. v • *lb 65 a Maryland Club “ lb a 1 50 Lalla Rook lb 35 a Pioneer lb 55 a TOBACCO— Mouidly and Damaged 1b.... 45 a 50 Common Bound 09 a 65 Medium Sound .... 55 a 65 Fine Bright 70 a 75 Extra Fine to Fancy 90 a 1 00 Fancy Styles • “ 100 a1 50 Half Pounds Dark " a 65 “ Bright “ 70 a 75 TEAaS- Hyson 1b.... 125 a 2 Ofi Imperial lb 1 60 a ‘J 25 Oolong lb 1 60 a 200 Gun-powder 1b..., 1 75 a 225 Black lb 1 uu a 1 75 TICKINU- Amoskeag, AC A yd.. 45 a “ A yd.. 37>4a “ B -yd.. 32 >4a “ C yd.. 30 a “ D yd.. 25 a Conestoga, 4-4 y and.. 40 a “ 7-8 yd.. 35 a LETTER KtioM ALtiXIXDIgU 11, STE PHK.NB TO A HU END IN THIS CITY. IIIS OPINION OF THE HOI.! JOAL SITUATION —THE WORK TO WHICH THE REMAINDER OP HIS LIFE IS TO BE DEVOTED. Liberty Hall, ) Crawpordsville, Ga., June 13. j My Dear Sir : Your very kind and highly appreciated favor of the Oth inst. was received yesterday. Allow me to re turn my thanks for it. lam improving slowly, very slowly, however, from my hurt some four months or more ago. I can now sit up part of the day, but can neither stand nor walk yet without aid of some sort. I have, notwithstanding this affliction, resumed work on the second volume of the “Constitutional View of the Late War between the Statos.” I agree with you in styling it the worst and moat Culpable that ever, took place on earth. I greatly fear, too, that it will, in its ulti mate consequences, prove to be the most disastrous one that ever occurred to the principles of constitutional liberty. Out Constitution, as made by the fathers, was ono of the most wonderful political achievements ever attained by genius aod patriotism. Had its principles been ad hered to, this late terrible war never weald have occurred, and the only hope now for the present and future of the country is to briDg back the Federal administration to the true principles of the Constitution. This can only be done by a virtuous, in telligent and patriotic people. When bid men conspire to impo3o their usurpations “outside” the Constitution, good men everywhere .must combine to keep all such men out of power. This can oniy he doDe fy the publication of truths and byawakiDgin the minds of the people the sense of the dangers which threaten them, and arousing them to future action before it is too late. The only proper rem edy for all existing evils and the greater ones which appear in the future (s at the ballot-box. The great object w’th me in the remnant of try days is to do all iD my power to ward the inculcation of such truths and principles as are essential for the main tenance of our institutions as handed down from the fathers. To *h,ia course the future of my life is devoted. And notwithstand ing all that is said and has been said about the rebellion and the disloyalty of the rebels, etc., I know of but one test of true loyalty in this country, and that is loyalty to the principles c 4 the Constitu tion of the United States. In this, and in unswerving devotion to them, I yield to no man that ever breathed the vital air of Heaven. I can say no more now, but repeat my thanks for your letter, and send ycu my kindest regard and best wishes. \ oqr truly, Alexander H. Stephens. New York World, 22d. SELLING OFF AT COST! CLOTHING, CLOTHING, CLOTHING. THE Greatest Reduction of the Season FOR 30 DAYS, IAM now offering for sale my entire Stock of READY-MADE CLOTHING Gents’ FURNISHING GOODS at New York cost. U ?nd It is an inducement seldom offered to the citizens of Augusta and vicinity, and I trust they will not let it pass without availing themselves of its benefits. The public may rest assured that the Goods will be sold as advertised. JOHN KENNY. jnn27—dSwlm MARRIED. By the Rev. W. H. Clark, a’, the residence of the bride’s mother, onlhel6th lastaat, T. BURWELL GREEN, of WasldoKton, Georgia, and Miss M&RY S. N KLSON, ot Augusta. No Cards. The Cold Sulphur Springs, Va.— We call the special attention of our read ers to the advertisement in our paper to day of this Summer resort. It is situated in the mountains of Virginia, in a region of country famous for the romantic, beau l'ul and diversified character of its scenery, and for the delightful, salubrious and invigorating nature of ilsSummer climate. Reing only two miles from the Chesapeake it Ohio Railroad, it is very convenient of access. The proprietor presents an assay fevideuee in the form of letters and cer tificates of Eminent Physicians and other persons of the highest character for integ rity aud intelligence, which is absolutely irresistibleiu its nature, and must carry certain conviction to every mind of the great and even wonderful remedial vir tues of the mineral water, which lie brings to the notice of the public. The GREENBRIER WHITE SUL PHUR, tile ROCK RIDGE ALUM, the SWEET and the UOL’ SPRINGS, have for many years been considered as among the most valuable of the medical and health giving fountains of Virginia and West Virginia; aud undoubtedly merit their high reputation. Ye* Iroin the certificates published with the a Jvertisement of the COLD SUL PHUR SPRINGS, it appears that some cases of severe intractable maladies- for the reliefof which, even those justly re uowued Mineral Waters had been used in vain, have been entirely and- perma nently cured by the Cold Sulphur Water. mny3o—suwfr&wlm Beautiful Woman.—ls you would be beautiful, use Hogan's Magnolia Balm. Itgivesapure Blooming Complexion, and restores Youthful Beauty. Its effects are gradual, natural and per fect. It removes Redness, Blotches, and Pim ples, cures Tan, Sunburn aud Frockles, and makes a Lady of thirty appear but twenty. The Magolia Balm makes the Skin Smooth-and Pearly; the Eye bright und clear; the Cheek glow with the Bloom of Youth and imparts a fresh, plump appear ance to the Countenance. No lady need complain of her Complexion, when 75 cents will purchase this delightful article. The best article to dress the hair is Lyon’s Kathairon. juul7—thsatus&w lm “Where is Drake S. T. 1800 X?” Wo have heard this question asked many times, and for all we knew for a year past he might be dead. Recently, iu New York, we called at his Laboratory in Lib erty street, and thero found this gentle man barricaded behind a tremendous pile of boxes, distributing f mis to a Sunday School Committee. Uu business was to secure an advertisemei.t. He said : "My dear sir, what is the use of advertising t he Plantation Bitters. They sell better now than when! advertised at suoh enormous expense, aad now I have not made a con tract for a year. I have all this amount to give to the poor. To satisfy the Press, however, who have always been my friends, I think I will give you a little something to do again, for I have im proved tiie Bilters greatly, andit;mavbo well to have you let the people know It.” And so e ran on iu a happy, cordial, ap preciativ a manner, showing us the won ders of hi i place and the cords of certifi cates. Everything is on a maguiffca’nt scale, and is done' with neatness and promptness. While there we saw at least forty orders come in for these celebrated Bitters. Cases were being shipped to the four corners of the world. Drake is not dead, nor his Bitters either.— Exchange Paper. 'Magnolia Water. —Superior to the best imported German Cologne, and sold at half the price. je26—d6&wl Facts for the Ladies. I learned the use of my Wheeler & Wil son Machine without persou-,1 instruction. It has been used nearly twelve years, with out repairs, by myself and seamtresses, doing my family sewing, estimated at S3OO annually, and bids fair to do as good ser vice for a life-time. My needles are never broken, but really worn up too short for use. The actual value of my machine can not be estimated commercially, nor ex pressed iu words. Those only can proper ly appreciate it who have attempted family sewing by hand. Mrs. M. F. WOODS. jun26—wl THE BANNER OF THE SOUTH, Tin: only paper in the South devoted to “The Lost Cause,” edited by REV. A. J. RYAN, Author of “ The Conquored Bauner,” “Sword of Robert Lee,” “ Praver of the South,” and other Southern poems, is pub lished at AUGUSTA, GEORGIA, BY L. T. BLOME 8l GO., $3 per annum, or $ 150 lor six mouths in advance. E-ch number contains, in addition to Father Kyan’s Editorials, Original Tales, Poetry, Sketches, Essays, Correspondence, Catholic Intelligence, a Summary of Lato Foreign News and a well selected General Miscellany. It is also one of the best advertising mediums in the South, having a very large and increasing circulation. Specimen copies sent free. Address L. T. BLOME & CO., je4—difcwtf Augusta, Ga. THOMAS COUNTY, GA, Plantation for Sale. r OFFER FOR SALE, A PLANTATION JL in Thomas county, four miles from Thomasvllle, consisting of Twelve Hun dred Two, and a Half Acres tirst quality LAND, with good dwetliug, cabins, kitch en, barns, stables, gin house, gin packing screw, blacksmith shop, &v , all under good fence; five hundred acres cleared, balance heavily timbered. There are three hundred acres of Virgin Hammock —bounded cm the North side by the At lantic and Gulf Railroad, on the South by the Monticelio road, and the new railroad from Albany will come within half a mile of this Plantation. There is a never-failing creek of fine water running through the Plantation. Also five wells and two well stocked fish ponds on the premises. This place is known as the “Seward Home being formerly the property of Hem, Jas. L. Seward. The mules, horses and other stock, with all the wagons and agricultural imple ments, will be sold with the place on reasonable terms. For particulars, apply to A. STEVENS, Augusta, Ga. or to A. P. Wright, Thomasville, Ga. or L. J. Guilmartin<* Co.,Savannah, Ga. P. S. — There are two churches and two schools in Thomasville, Ga , tine climate and good neighbors. nov29 —ddtwtf Washington Female Seminal), FALL TERM, 1869. THE EXERCISES BEGIN TUES DAY. THESHrh OF JULY. Every advantage is had at" this Institu tion, and every effort made by the Board of Instruction for the proper training of Young Ladies. For further information address Rev. MORGAN CALLAWAY, Principal. references : Gen. R. Toombs, Washington, Ga. Judge Wm. M. Reese, “ “ Mr. Milton Robert, “ “ Oen. D. M. Dußose, •* “ Rev. H. A. Topper, “ “ Mr. Sam’l Barnett, “ Bishop G. F. Pierce, Sparta, “ jun22—ddiwlm EORGIA, - OGLETHORPE COUN- T TY —Holly D. Fleenian. AdmtaMtra’rix of .Umis Y. Fle-ruan and lead of t tain ly of minor children, tia, ap plied for exemption of p*rd malty au d aettime apart aod valuation of homestead, and I »ill pa-, blra he seme at 10 o’.lock A. M., on the TENIH DAY Os JULY. 18SS. “ m J offlce - j j ROBINSON, i junzi—wf Ordinary, o. C. <. ,-:t the best Webster's Unabridged Dictiinary. 1 0.000 Words and Meanings not in other Dictionaries. IltlOO Engravings; 1840 Pnges Quarto. Price, sl2. UIKWEDas a whole, wo are confident t that no other living language has a dictionary which so fully aud faithfully sets forth its present condition as this last edition of Webster does that of our written and spoken English, tongue.—Harper’* Magazine. These three books are the sum total of f real libraries ; the Bible, ,Shakspeare anti , Vebster’s Royal Quarto. —Chicago Evening journal. This work, well nsed in a family, will be of more advantage to the members theroot than hundreds of dollars laid up in money.— Alliance Monitor. The most useful and remarkable com pendium of human knowledge iu our lan guage.—lF. Clark, President Mass Agricultural College. WKIiSTEIt’S NATIONAL I>H TOKIAI, DIP TIONAKY. 11140 Pages Octavo. «il»0 Engravings. l*rlce» $6. The-work is really a gem of a Dictionaru just the thing for the million American Educational Monthly. “In many respects, this Dictionary is the most convenient ever published/’— Rochester Democrat. “Asa manual of reference, it iseminent ■ ly fitted for use iu families and schools ’’ —-V. Y. Tribune. “It is altogether the best treasury of words of its size which the English lan guage has ever possessed.”— Hartford Press. Published by G. & C. MERRIAM, jelO—thsattuiwlm Springfield, Mass. ’ Fresh Peaches, Berries, Corn Tomatoes, &c,, A.ll tlie Year .Hound. THE MILLVILLE ATMOSPHERIC . FRUIT JAR 6gp HAS been used exten siyely for several years l<lgpS3pai| With increasing popu larity. It possesses ma nyadvantages, among A*._ : : which are that you can mf' determine wheiher the Iff ,f ( , 3 fruit is safe or not wit/t --liji ' l i out waUiwjfur it to/er ■ ■ ..c , mewt. Nothing but glass il W. comes in ‘contact with aJM * ' the fruit. The Gu m . ATNIOSPHERIC ■ Rings are heavier than If p||:iill'| rs in most other jars, and i HtUltJ/tf’ kirs?- will lastlor many years, I | instead of having to be |i|.' ! :|-i jt u . 1 0 renewed yearly. The IHliiir —'ill ar can lie opened with i'SIBI Liease. '1 hose jars are the best and most eco nomical for family use, for fresh Fruits, Preserves, Jellies, Jams or Pickles. Sold wholesale and retail by PLUMB & LEITNER, Augusta, Ga. Agents for the manufacturers, jol I—frtu*w2m WOOL CARDING AND EXCHAN Q- I N G. THE ATHENS MANUFACTURING COMPANY will EXCHANGE CLOTH FOR WOOL on same terms as heretofore; also, CARD WOOD in the best manner. All packages sent should have the senders name marked plainly on the package. Also, if sent by freight lines wo will guarantee the safe delivery. « R. L. BLOOMFIELD, Agent, Athens, Georgia. may26—d*w3m The Best Georgia Cotton Gins, W’ E are now offering these celebrated GINS at the following prices: For 9 inch Saws, $4 per saw ; For 10 inch Saws, $1 25 per saw. Warranted to per form well. Orders, with satisfactory reference, wifi be promptly tilled. J. D. & H. T.HAMMACK, jol —d&w2m Crawlordsville, Ga. JEWELL’S MILLS, f'ORMERLY ROCK FACTORY, GA., Post Office, Culverton, Georgia. We will manufacture Wool for customers this season, on the following terms: Wool manufactured into Jeaus (colored warp) 30 cents per yard ; in Kerseys at 20 cents per yard, or.carded in rolls at 125 oents per pound. Sheetings, Shirtings, Osua burgs and Yarns constantly on band. Wool wanted in exchange for goods at market value or for cash. Consignments by railroad should be directed to Culver toll. Z. McCORD, Agent in Augusta. D. A. JEWELL, Owner, m y 14—dlm<ftw3m COPPER STILLS. I AM now propared to lnunufUcturc OOP PER STILLS, BOILERS, KETTLES and Copper work goneraiiy. Sheet Copper aud Copper Stills constantly on hand at low prices at C. A. ROBBE’S, Cdnoert Hall Place, rear 272 Broad St, Repairing done at short notice. juu22—dctwlm IMPORTANT TO PLAITTEBS! THE RICHMOND FACTORY (NEAR AUGUSTA, GA.,) CONTINUES TO manufacture woolen cloth FOR PLANTERS, At 29 cents per yard Tor Plains, and !L> cents for Twills. IF lhe owners of the Wool wish the same dyed, they are prepared to do ao, mak ing a gray—the oniy color they propose making. The charge for Dyeing the Fill ing will he 3 cents a yard extra. Wool will be carded at 12$ cents per ib. All Wool sent must have the OWNER’S NAME PLAINLY MARKED O.N TIIK PACKAGE. Goo da to tie paid for on de livery. All instructions to CJIAS. A. ROWLAND, Agent, Augusta, Ga. A. JOHNSTON, President Richmond Factory June 1 at, iB6O. in ay 28—dlm&w2m DENNIS’ REMEDY FOR INDIGESTION OFF CHILLS. \ PHYSICIAN can easily ascertain -f V what the general effects of ibis remedy will ha by a trial upon himself. If ho takes a dose of it as soon as he feels an uneasy sensation in the stomach, and notices how quickly it produces a better feeling in the stomach, or takes it aa soon as he has been exposed to cold, and notices its effects in preventing him from taking cold, he will then prove how it is this Remedy subverts chills, and so often prevents diseases of females that so often proves fatal, espe cially when they have been exposed to cold at a critical period. jun27—d<twl IVTOTICE FOR LEAVE TO SELL Li LAND.—A in.]; Cation win I* rj.wie to »Le Court of Ordinary ot Lincoln count/. Georgia, n* the fir*t rcguiar Ui ai after the exp raiioa off .ur wee*B from til.'" untie -, for leave to tell the laatfa belonging to tbe raiate 01 Tcom ts J. Murray. l*te ofaatd coutry deceased, for ihe be: eflt oi Le.r* aod trPdltor* •> said n Jane 231,1869. HENRY H. REMSOM HENRY L MURRAY. jun 26 wl Admlniatratora. Leiters of DISMISSION. GEORGIA, OOL«THORP r. COUNTY —Raciie) D tfU f> t and l>a/ <t A. Admimst-aio s upon tae e* late of Anel M. Bxrne t, was- d. D«e of gxi.l o.mtv, ap by to ine tor Letter jof fionj s*id A inutrjtrat ,>ii. Th9ee are, therefwe, to sunuuo i and upnbh’. p iotere-led vo be and app-ar ai M.y . rfiie t>u tfi. MONDAY IN OCTOBER, 18*9, ad th>n aa.l ifierf- :o Bbow cause, U auy Lbry bave, wfi> uud Wtura- us I>ieai z eion afioulil cot be granted. Lexington, 24tb, 1869. If. J. ROBINSON, janSd —w&a vrdin*xy O. G,
