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About Weekly chronicle & sentinel. (Augusta, Ga.) 1866-1877 | View Entire Issue (April 20, 1870)
' 7 .. 4 Oi ) SERIES, VOL. LXXVII. Chronicle & Jfcnnnrl. *«t u«*t kiption. >A ILY. O-,* :.» • *»‘i . . #1 UJ •in <• m-•» a* .* TKi.W*EKLT:- „ ~, • X r ... '* Vt 60 • »-' * ■**“* 1- o u..:.::;::;:;:;;:.";; i« 1 vtur.... 5 uC VEBinui *. >: Amt ao. Failing of KrcoiHtrucfiou in (i oii^ia. The tenor of tii • ejrrosponderjce ol' the press p lints front Washington concurrent ly in different directions to the defeat of the Bingham Amendment in the Senate of the United States. Sueh an event, al though not abiolui'lv Certain, seems alto gether probable. Keasonab’e calculation, even to restricted sagacity, points wholly in such a directi m. S) slight an advance toward conservatism could not be tolera ted, and an opposing theory of government could uot be coinprooiitteJ amid contend ing factions for spoils anl power and plunder,* for be it remembered that the election which inaugurated the present— then permanent, now provisional State gov- rument —was ir. accordance with Badi ual theory, by virtue of acts of Congress, * and under the inspection of military au- 1 thority, aud by the manipulation of loyal agents. So far t hen as the observance of form was necessary, the utmo»t limit of j Radical theory was reached. The State had no rights which the general govern- j rnent was hound to respect. It made no matter what was w.-itton in the Constitu tion of the United States, the organic act, without which the government of the United States was without form ami void- It mattered judas little whether strict construe.u.i or liberal construction was employed, for the whole instrument Was ignored. I‘ower gave law. States j that created the government were no more than counties created by a State. The State if Georgia asked simply to ha e ex- j tended tho rights of a recognized corpora tiou, to sue and be sued, to plead aud he i impleaded. It was refused peremptorily and completely, both in the halls of justice ! and the halls of legislation. With the refusal came the second act of Reconstruc- j tiou. Military power controlled the seats of justice, and removed Judges, and the bayouet regulated the free ballot. Re- j construction, republican in form, was again 1 inaugurated. A loyal Governor was de clared elected and inducted into office, a loyal Legislature was sworn to discharge their functions under a solemn obligation to obey the acts of Congress,and received the approving-discretion of a veteran of the army of the United States, who ‘'knew no law hut the orders coming from the War Department.” Everything that was done and all that was accomplished, was attain ed by military direction or military permis sion, according to the acts of Congress and the orders of the War Department of the Government of the United States. But j even all this fails to satisfy the Senate of the United States. Neither the I’resi- j dent’s reconstruction nor their own recon struction by military authority, seems to accomplish their designs or to meet their expectations. After all th.o military gov ernments aud the provisional governments and bayonet elections and corrected reg istrations and disfranchisements, the Sen ate of the United States is about to ad judge Reconstruction a failure—incomplete after efforts to promote it. After all the * government of Georgia,is only to he provis- j ioual. \Y ho then is to be regarded Gov- j ernor of Georgia, General Terry, or his ! subordinate,l’rovisional Governor Bullock. | Tlie Anglo-African Americans of tlie North. The Aoglo-African Americans of the North—of New York, Boston, Philadel phia, Chicago—and other }Aoat centres of population have Dcen marshalled into public demonstrations in honor of the pro mulgation of the Fifteenth Amendment to the Constitution of the United States, re cently ratified by all the States out of the Union, and by most of the States in the Uuiou. Republican accounts generally coueur that in those demonstrations there has been exhibited “gnat enthusiasm,” and have been “notable for the perfectly proper behavior of the colored people,” just as if something else was to he expect ed from Northern educated Anglo-African- Americans. Proper behavior seems not to have been anticipated even by so staunch an advooate as the Now York Tribune from the : r fell ow-citizens of the lirst de gree ; and tho inference is fairly deducible from the Tribune's accounts that they are not “notable for perfectly proper behavior." The great point supposed to be exempli fied by these public demonstrations, is great joy for the bestowmeut of the ballot, to bo allowed to pay taxos, and to serve in the militia aud in the army and navy of the United States. The real point to be attained was to marshal an organisation whi’h should always oppose the Dutch and Irish, and bo “notable for perfectly proper behavior” by oasting their votes for the Republican party in favor of high taxes and high tariffs. Palpably the whole has been nothing but a parade for catching now recruits to stay and prop the waning fortunes of the Auglo-Afriean- Atuerioan party, whose aim is to bring largo profits to the New England cotton manufacturers, and low wages to the honest hoorer. Tho distinguished .procession was that of th(> Metropolitan City, New York, where, Iroui a population of a million or more inhabitants, “two thousand able bodied men” marched in proccssiou. Nu merically speaking, this procession was about equal to the company of a good corn shuekiug; but in its morale it was far the inferior of a corn shucking of the worst days of slavery, for the blacks, although im posing as an army with banners, were not even allowed to do their own talking. There was not the freedom of a corn shucking, where the leader at least, from time imme morial has been allowed the freedom of speech with no white man to molest. But in the New York demonstrations—white men from Massachusetts only were allow ed to do the talking. Mr. Wendall Phil lips, of Boston, was the orator of the day. No umre fit exponent could be found. The representative of the eotton lords of New England, he knew best the value of em broidered flags—of the exhilerating in fluences of carrying the flag of freedom, j and of the march to the tap of the drum, j as an aid to command, for the lowest pay, i freedom's labor at*the tap of the factory j bell, whereby to make the swift shuttle I fly, incessantly, from early mora to dewy eve, to fill the coffers of cotton lords. \\ eodali Phillips told his audience he 1 never "ex[>ocie.l to see this day.” lie might have t , 1 them more. He never wished to see it. All his agitation was for a high tan.! and cheap cotton. He might have houestly told them that there was never any rcai intention to carry agitation any farther than was necessary to secure a high tariff to enrich New England, which makes neither cotton nor corn—neither j bread nor meat—but which gathers every thing, from all quarters of the globe, aud fattens upon government protection and ! high tariffs and low wages. There was j more than this, which he should have told them. He should have told them frankly that it was the New : England Y ankee that captured and kid napped and transported their ancestors, and brought them in ships through ail the horrors of the “Middle passage” to Ameri can shores and sold them into slavery in Georgia, against the solemn protests of the people. He could have told his Anglo- African American audience that if they are here their forefathers came not of their own free will and choice, but were stolen from Africi by New England enter prise, and bartered for gold for New Eng land profit. There are yet living Africans in the South who can recount the ,tale \ of t’ueir captivity, and there are thou sands of traditions which illustrate the horrors of the middle passage traversed by New England ships, for New England’s gain. And agate there are numbers of Southern blacks sufficiently well read in j rbe history of the transfer of the race to the American continent to supply Mr. ; Phillips’ suppressions or omissions when ever he contends for high moral claims of gratitude from their race, and to point out to him that, by the character of that transfer, and by the violation of these covenants of sal.e they are in danger of being again sold in si ivery whenever New England possesses power, and New Eng iand.seeks thrift. The close of Mr. Wendall Phillip’s ora tion is remarkable for the adroit manner in which he tells the Anglo-African- Americans that they must no longer ex pect aid from their white New England brothers. That is, that they must not expect any money from them—they must j work out their own salvation. While he j pits them against the “Dutch and the ; Irish and Chinese,” be advises them not ; »o vote a3 Democrats, not as Republicans, but as negroes. Tnis part of Mr. Wendall Phillip’s farewell address to the Anglo- Afiican-American citizens is so remark able-telling them that they can no longer be of use among the thirty millions of whites in the country to New England, except as a mere handful of voters, but that while their “fate” is now surrendered to their own koepiug, they must vote the Republi can ticket, and must not vote against the introduction of Chinese competitors. We reproduce it. He says : I, like the others who have spoken, would like to give a word of advice. I, too, have * text to preach from. Hence forth, in the true sense you hold your fate iu your own hand. We a r e no longer to blame for your deficiencies or defeats, j You should stand with the sword and i shield of the human race, the ballot in your 1 hand. No race with the power of the J vote was ever permanently wronged except by itself. Never forgive or forget one thing, stand fast by that and don’t fear becoming Democrats. If there is a man who votes wrongly in a question where col or is concerned, never forgive nor forget it. If any man does art act, approves a measure, or submits tamely to a vote which takes from a man his rights on ao couot of color, forgive him in private on | your Knees before God ; but in tho voting I room, with your ballot in your hand, never forgive him. Keep a record of all sueh j men. Recreant Republican,, or brnzen- | lace Democrat, whoever he may he, what- I over he may do, uever forgive him. 1 R. E. Lee never did your race oue halfthe | harm that half-baked colored men will do j in the next ten years by forgetting this j kind of political sin. If yours are hurt in the next ten years, it will be your own fault. No man nor class of men on this continent has power to injure you if you are true to yourselves, if I had any j legacy to leave the race I have labored for I all my life, it would be this : For the ' next 20 years to go to the ballot-box and j vote, not as a Republican, or as a Demo- I crat, nor as anything else except a negro. The iVlacuu ami Knoxville Hail Koad, The Mason people really seem in earn est about building a Road from Macon to Knoxville, Tennessee; and if Railroad meetings are any evidence of power, there is every indication that such a road will shortly be commenced. The last proceed ings of a meeting which has come under our observations are those of a meeting held in Monroe, Walton county, in which some of the first citizens of the county took part The feature generally of these meetings is the proposition “ to concert measures and this we suspect, means log-roll for State aid. Macon has been successful in her Brunswick road by State aid, and this whets her appetite. How many trumps do you hold, neighbor, and how will you “ hunch ” if it is to be a free game? The Miez Canal. The success of tho Suez Canal is dv boyond all question. Heavily laden steam ers now pass regularly through this won derful achievement of French genius which connects the waters of the Red and Mediterranean Seas, and affords a short, safe route to the Indies. The present year wilf inaugurate the real activity of the Suez passage between Europe and the East, and demonstrate its utility, while foreshadowiug the great changes in com mercial relations and commercial power that will be forced among the nations of the woild. We know of no better method of presenting succinctly to the mind of tho reader the probable effects of this great work, than by presenting a table of comparative distances, showing the distance, and consequently the time saved, in inter-communication between the great commercial centres of Europe aud Ameri ca and Bombay, India, in the transit by tjie new route, as compared by the old one by way of the Cape of Good Hope. The following table presents the difference between the two routes : By the By Atlantic. Suez. Diff. Constantinople 6,100 1,800 4.300 Malta 5,800 2,062 3,778 Trieste 5,960 2,340 3,620 Marseilles 5,650 2,374 3,276 Cadiz ...5,200 2,224 3,976 Lisbon 5,350 2,500 2,850 Havre 5,800 2,824 2,976 Loodou 5,950 3,100 2,850 Liverpool « 5,900 3,050 2,850 Amsterdam 5,950 3,100 2,850 St. Petersburgh 6,550 3,700 2,850 New York 6,200 3,761 2,439 New Orleans 6,450 • 5,724 2,726 This table will afford au interesting study to those who speculate upon the probable effects, commercial and political, of the complete inauguration of the use of this grand achievement. It will be seen by an inspection of the outer column that Marseilles is now nearer to Bombay by 3,050 miles than formerly, by way of the Cape of Good Hope, and Liverpool saves 2,850 miles; Marseilles has six hundred and seventy-six miles the advantage of Liverpool, and avoids the pillars of Her cules, held by British power at the straits of Gibraltar. Again, New York can reach Bombay, saving 2,439 miles, aud New Orleans 2,726 miles, by way of the Medit tcranean aDd the Suez Canal, over the ac customed route by way of the Cape of Good Hope, with the friendly permission of Great Britain aud France. It is a sig nificant fact that, with all the boast of speedy transportation by the Trans-Conti nental railway, the Union Pacific Road, the first cargo of Chinese laborers that will reach the great Metropolitan State of Now York will come by the way of the Suez Canal. At the present time the public mind of Europe seems to be directed more to the great change that will be effected in ocean navigation than to any other of the results that may be expected to follow. The Liverpool Albion of a late date says - "There can be but little doubt now of the success, from an engineer's point of view, of the Suez Canal. Already a large number of steam vessels have passed safe ly through it en route for Bombay, Calcut ta and other ports, some of which may shortly be looked for here again with their homeward cargoes of cotton. Upon com merce generally this improved means of communication will, no doubt, evidently exercise the best possible influence ; but a question in which Liverpool especially is deeply interested arises in the meantime, as to the effect of the change upon the vast fleet of fine sailing vessel sby which hither to the trade with India and China, via the Cape, has been carried on. To this ques tion it is difficult to return a satisfactory reply. Many are despondent, while others | are disposed—and, it would seem, with more reason—to a more sanguine view, and to look yet for sufficient employment for their tonnage, though, perhaps, never again at the rates current in times gone by, upon which they look with pardonable regret- Circumsta-ees, in no way arising out of the changes wrought by the Suez Canal, have been pressing heavily on the India carrying trade for some time past; hut under an improved state of things, which must come sooner or later, it seems only reasonable to suppose that some work will offer which only sailing vessel* can satisfactorily perform. Meantime, how ever, owners, brokers and all connected with shipping, especially in the Eastern ' trade, are loud in their complaints. Their occupation seems to be—for the present, at all events —at an end ; and every day seems hut to multiply the ship-owner's difficulties in the satisfactory disposal of his property. Wliicli Pays most Duty, Men or Women { The statistics of • the custom houses re veal some curious facts. Beyond all ques tion the poor men and women of the coun try contribute most by the purchase of their cilieoes, sugor, coffee, tea, salt, iron, &c. It is interesting, however, to note among the fashionable and luxurious, V.HAT TUE WOMEN PAY. By the report of 1869, the Miss Florasi j of Madison Square, paid to the government $09,026 for tho privilege of using “lily I white” to adorn their complexions ; and I for “beads,” $96,216, for the adorn-j meDt of iilly white necks. For “ fancy ! fans, ” for delicious flirtations, they paid “duties” to the amount of $71,- 830.25; and for chignons, those wonder ful “waterfalls,” made, nobody knows how, of hair grown nobody knows | where, imported chiefly from France, $128,680 20; and for ribbons to deck the bonny brown or lustrious black hair, the tribute was $2,249,799 58; and lastly, for bewitching, rustling, charming silks, the rum of $2,249 799 88 had to be handed in to the custom house for the benefit of the national debt, before these indispensables to elegance could show the dear creatures. Turning, however, to the masculine side of the picture to see WHAT THE MEN PAY, the first item is one million two hundred and fifty thousand dollars saved from smoke by duties on segars, and there fol lows lor cultivated tastes, nearly six mil lions for brandy, wine and spirituous liquors. Turning again, however, to the grand result, the luxurious pay about one fifth and moderate people about four fifths of the gold revenue of the Government. The Tennessee Game. The financial article of the New York World gives the following account of a nice little reconstruction game that is no.v going on with reference to Tennessee bonds. It is no wonder the Ku-Klux are bad in Tennessee ; but bad as they are represented, they are not half so bad as they should be, for bad Ku-Kluxes will bring low-priced bonds. Os all things most needed now would be “horrible Ku- Klux outrages,” and another reconstruc tion and anew provisional government, to work together for protection to the loyal and profit to the protectionists. The World says: For some time past, Wall street has been much perplexed to account for the steady and continuous demand for and ad vancing price 'in Tennessee State bonds, in the face of abundant reasons for a reverse movement. These purchasers of Tennes see State bonds have been made by strong and influential firms. All the bills in troduced into the Tennessee Legislature, and all the influence of its officials and the political machinery of the State, have been, strange to say, for some time past enlisted in a grand crusade against tho credit of the State and its bonds. Whilst all these damaging measures and talking against Tennessee State credit have been and still are progreasing, the singular anomaly has been presented all the time up to date of a steady absorption of all tho bonds of fered on this market, and at advancing prices. Most of the sales have been by speculators. It is said by shrewd and well-informed parties to the present mani pulation, that theamount of shorts is Horn $7,000,000 to $10,000,000. The brokers generally report that they can lend all the New Tennessee bonds they have, and that there is a constant borrowing demand for them. The old bonds at limes cannot bo borrowed at all. Many have been shipped to Europe. Associated with the leading domestic firms buying these Tennessee bonds are some foreign houses with large means. The solution of this remarkable anoma ly, the World goes on tojsay, is as follows, (remarking that it has been, up to the present time, carefully concealed from the public): The Tennessee State debt is in round numbers about $40,000,000. Os this amount the leading railroads of the State are reported to have bought about $lO,- 000,000 of the new bonds, and are still buying more, with which they cancel their own obligations to the State and that amount of State indebtedness. This opera tion will reduce the State debt to about $30,000,000, It is reported that the necessary arrange- 1 ments have been made in the proper quar- I ters to insure the passage of a bill in Con- | gress to reimburse the loyal State of Tennessee for its losses duriug the war, by the Federal Government paying to Tennes see $10,000,000 to $15,000,000 in cash This will reduce the State debt $15,000,- 1 000 to $20,000,000, and will relieve the State from all floating obligations. When this is dore the State Legislature j of Tennessee will pass laws similar to those | of South Carolina, and to pay the interest ; on the bonds in coin. The profits on this gigantic transaction j will not bo less than $20,000,000. General George H. Tliomas. It is an accepted maxim—and one well : worthy of strict observance, especially in these troublous times, notwithstanding the bones of so man;:’ gallant Confederates pro- test, bleaching upon so many blood stained fields, at and contumely, heaped from a thousand poin:9 and tens of thousands of lips, cover their memories and wars against the exercise of such a Christian spirit—to say nothing of the dead save that which is good. There is an exception to the rule which seems to be justified by common consent, and this exception is that life which has been made in sacrifice of principle, in a barter for self-interest. That such a stigma attaches to the mem ory of General George H. Thomas almost universally, whether justly or unjustly we cannot say, in the Southern mind, will hardly be contradicted. The New Orleans Picayune , iu noticing the death of this distinguished Federal Captain, of whom u has been said by Northern authority be was the “grandest soldier of the war that the Federal army produced, gives ex pression. to this wide-spread belief. The 1 Picayune says: At West Point, Thomas stood well in his classes, and graduated so high as to be as signed to the artillery. In the Mexican war he was distinguished for bravery, and for his conduct was rewarded by the gift ot a splendid sword from the State of Vir ginia. On the formation of two regiments of cavalry, under an act of Congress passed during the administration of Gen. Pierce, Mr. Jefferson Davis being then Secretary of War, having resolved to select the offi cers for them from the elite of the service, recommended Thomas as major ot the sec ond cavalry, of which A. Sidney Johnston was made colonel, and Robert E. Lee lieu tenant colonel. This regiment was assign ed to duty in Texas, and as the sectional issues in Congress thenceforward became rapidly more prominent in their nature and bearing, they soon became also themes lor discussion at the mess tables of the army officers, between natives of the North and South. On all 6uch George H. Thomas distinguished himself by his bold advocacy of the rights of the South whenever they were ealled in ques tion, taking the very extreme of Southern rights’ theories, and of adherence to the doctrines of the Calhoun party as to con stitutional limitations on the powers of the Federal Government with respect to the institutions of the various States. He was so open in his views and advocacy on this ; question, that he was ealled by some per | sons the apostle *f secession in the army. AUGUSTA, GA., WEDNESDAY MORNING, APRIL 20,'1870 Wheu the crisis came, at last, he mani fested great impatience to leave the Fed eral army and join that of the South ; and it is known to many officers on the ground that no less a person than Robert E. Lee advised him to greater moderation, and the i propriety of waiting events before final action. But he promptly resigned his commission, and proceeded to Richmond to offer his services to Virginia and the Con federacy. Whether he did this directly and in unmistakeu terms is somewhat uncer tain ; but during the war the Richmond Examiner repeatedly asserted that the letter was extant in which he had done so. We have heard, however, that when informed of the fact, after the war closed, by an old army associate, who espoused ' the Confederate side, he denied its truth. Be this as it may, Thomas left Richmond on his way North, as he alleged, to brine his wife, who was a New York iady, with j in the Confederate lines, but he never re turned except as a foe. The resignations | of Johnston aod Lee had made him a full I I colonel of cavalry ; and yielding either to I the influences of his Northern wife, or to : considerations of material interests, he i went over to the enemies of his section, re pudiated all his former political declara tions, and thenceforth, as long as the strug gle continued, showed himself one of the ; most bitter, unrelenting and ungenerous foes of his native State and her sisters known in ! its history. His career in the Union army I afforded full evidence of the truth of the i old English saying, “that oue renegade is worse than teD Turks,” as the world has ever known. Apparently he took particu lar delight in destroying Southern prop erty, outraging the rights and feelings of j Southerners, and inflicting upon them the i full measure of the horrors and incon veniences of war. Never during the con test, or since it closed, did he fail to mis- j represent, or to slander the adherents of I the Confederacy, particularly those in Ken tucky and Tennessee, where most of his : services were performed. Stained, how- j ever, as he was by the infamy of renegad- ! ism, he was not without conspicuous i qualities. He was a brave, fearless soldier, and a good disciplinarian, and won the ad miration and affection ot his troops. Stern j as his perverted nature was, he was not j the cold butcher that Grant, Sherman and Sheridap showed themselves to be. He never descended to the level of Butler, Dow and some other Federal officers, by j stealing private property from the inhabit- j ants of the country which he occupied, for i his own use. He never disgraced himself j by bullying defenceless men, or insulting j refined and delicate women. This is about all which we think even the most liberal Southern journal can say in his behalf, and j we say it cheerfully as his rightful due. To Virginians, the shameful defb'-tioD ! of Thomas to the Southern cause, was | peculiarly humiliating, as his career in j Mexico had enlisted the pride and adrnira- j tion of that noble and generous people, j His Dame, joined with that of Winfield Scott ; whom he resembled not a little in personal appearance, will go down to posterity, covered with her reprobation. He was alone, among his family, ’in this treachery to his native land, for his brother was an officer in the Confederate army, and a BDjrited % and patriotic sister, one of those Virginia matrons who stood out during the desolation of their proud old oomrn n wealth by the Federal armies, in the re splendent majesty of devotion and self sacrifice, is reported to have answered an application for the sword which tbe State had presented to her recreant brother, by saying that he should not have it, as Vir ginia had presented it to a son of whom she was then proud, but that the hand ot a traitor should never grasp its hilt. . But the man has gone to his last account, hav ing by his offences sacrificed all claim to a niche in the same commemorative temple of great Virginians, with Lee and Stone wall Jackson, and won only the very doubtful compliment of sharing such hon ors with the rutheless desolators of tyran nical oppressors of his native soil, and of his nearest kindred. Few should envy him sueh a fate. Logau vs. Sherman. General Logan has introduced a bill into Congress to reduce the number of officers in the army and their pay. The bill is ob noxious to General Wm. Tecumseh Sher man, General of tho United States army, who, as our readers will recollect, wrote a salty letter against such reauctions, espe cially that of pay. Sherman now receives about nineteen thousand dollars a year. He opposes further reduction of the army, and gives utterance to sharp slurs upon the gratitude of Radical Republicans and the niggardness of the “best government the world ever saw,” to its civil officials, giving the Chief Justice of the United States only some six thousand dollars a year, a sum utterly insufficient to give such a dinner at Wormley’s as his Ex presslency, the Governor Reconstruct of Georgia (whether provisional or perpetual remains to be seen) gives. Sherman is Grant’s right arm in military matters, while Logan is his right bower in politics. Sherman in effect snubbed Logan for his ignorance and presumption, with regard to military matters. Logan cites late military authorities, to show his acquaintance and to fortify his positions ; and then, of the “General of the Grand Army of the Re public,” winds up with the following “left handed bruiser” upon the “peepers” of the “General of the Army of the United States.” Why this attack should be directed at mo alone, Ido not understand. General Sherman gives great credit to himself. I am willing he should have it. So far as I am concerned, I claim none. Ido not ask aoy. He says the President told him his salary ought not to Unreduced. Very wali; suppose he did. My own opinion is differ ent ; the opinion of the House is different, j That seems to be the tender point. General Sherman says that if his pay be reduced he cannot give receptions, I do not care whether he can or not. It makes no difference to me. Sir, I remember a grand reception which was once given to him. I remember that, on the 22 Jof May, | 1865, I marched around this Capitol and down Pennsylvania avenue at the head of many thousand veteran soldiers, constitu ting the Army of the Tennessee. General Sherman was marohing in advance. He then commanded General Slocum’s army, the Army ot Georgia, and my army, the Army of the Tennessee. He was greeted with cheers by men and womeD, by white and black. Bouquets were strewn every where. Every heart leaped with joy ; and if the dead could have spoken, they would have shouted hallelujahs to his name. Nearly ail of thoso soldiers who followed j me down Pennsylvania avenue were voi- j unteer soldiers. They had been engaged ; in more than a hundred battles. They I constituted the old Army of the Tennessee, which was first commanded by Grant, and which I commanded last. They never 1 knew defeat. They are forgotten to-day. ; lheir memories live but a short time. I Fifty years hence history will hardly know ; that these men were engaged in the war. A few regular officers will claim all the i credit, and will get it all. lam willing | they shall have it. I want none myself ; I claim none. But while this officer, the General of the regular army, is attacking us, there are in this House a great many men who were volunteer soldiers; perhajis not so great as he, but equally as patri otic. They were mustered out of the ser- vice, and ask no over-grown bounty for past services. They are content to obey the laws and do their duty. There sits a man (Mr. Paine) who, with •one leg gone, slept upon the field, hearing during the dark, dismal night no sound save the groans of the wounded and the dying. He votes for this bill, and lor that reason he is an “inhuman” man. Another gentleman (Mr. Stoughton), a member of our committee, who concurred in reportmg this b’ll, slept upon the battle-field in the same way, and now goes round this Honse on a wooden leg. I could name twenty men on this floor who bear the marks and scars of rebel lead. They are to be for gotten. Let it be so ; I have nothing to say ; but I have a word to say in behalf cf the tax payers, in befall' of the soldier, and the soldier’s widow. In their name, in the name of those brave' Union men who sleep beneath the sod of the South, iu the name of their widows and chiliren, iu the name of the one-legged and one armed soldiers, I protest against the use ! of such power in the hands of these lew men to defeat a great measure of public i reform like this Army bill. I protest against this thing of dictating legislation to the country because a man is in a high place'. I protest against an at tempt to stifle legislation- I protest against the iron bands of power being woven like a net-workaround the minds of indepen dent legislators of this nation. The peo ple demand that the legislative branch of this Government shall be free, shall be un trammeled, shall be independent, and shall be unfettered, so far as military dic tation is concerned; and I say to the men who hold high positions in this country, that they are not the law makers, but the ! law-obevers, and that they shall not dic tate the amount of taxation to be paid for 1 their benefit or the benefit of anybody else. | And, sir, whenever legislation is so stifled j and so crippled that a man who ha* inde- I pendenee enough to stand up here in de fence of economy and efficiency in the pub lic service, is attacked by high official* through the columns of the newspapers for ! the performance of his duty as a represen tative of the people, and legislation thwarted thereby, then farewell to the liberties of this gloriou^Republic. The Telegraph’s Influence Upon Language. Every day telegrams gives us some new words, coined expressly for the occasion to meet telegraphic necessities. The last coinage is that of the word “obsequients. In announcing the return of the members of Congress and high officials, who had ; gone to Troy to attend the funeral obse- ; ejjties of Major General Thomas, the Washington telegrams announced "that : the obsequients had returned to Washing- : ton.” This told the whole story. The public mourners had discharged their j duties and returned to their several posi tions on the central stage. The coinage is j exceedingly well executed —clear and dis- J tinet and without flaw. This word has now as fixed a place and as determinate a ; meaning as any word in the language, and j the next dictionary will assign it its proper j place in the proper column of the national vocabulary. The sound of the word sug- 1 gests, however, a spice of sarcasm, just j as if the telegraph had entered into the I spirit of an actor who had said : “I am enforced to eat my cartful bread With too much obsequy.” Radical Alarm I The Radicals are begisning to be j alarmed lest their forlorn hope be deferred j and the Radical party lose tke negro vote ! of the South. The St. Lotis Democrat, j the Radical organ of Missouri, in com- j menting on the late election in that city, takes a common sense view of the negro vote, and completely dissipaies the delu sion that the colored voters ire mere cattle to be driven to the polls by Radical politi cians, aud there deposit their suffrages upon recollections of the past alone, and without any regard to tueir individual interests as citizens. The Democrat says: Asa Datural remembraice of the long and bitter past, the great najority of them (the negroes) voted the Republican ticket, but there were some exceptions. These men are now citizens, anc most of them are dependent upon their daily earnings. They feel in a peculiar unnner the hard ship of taxation —especialy of that taxa tion which increases the cost of living. Their votes hereafter rnus. be influenced by this as well as other conuderations, and, having common interests with their fellow citizens of all parties, the; will naturally be guided by the best ligits they can ob tain, and will vote like other people for those measures which they deem best calculated to advance their own interests. The Democrat is late vakening, but it seems to have fairly goten its eyes open. If the Democrat and its jarty had been as sagacious when it taxed cotton three and one-half cents per poutd—a tax which broke nearly all the sutul farmers and be ginners, neither would have fallen into such a delusion. Why should not the black man desire cheap clothes and cheap tools and cheap farm iuplemeDts as well as the white man; anc why should they desire to pay ten cents ayard for calico, for tbe benefit of Northern manufacturers, when they can be imported for four centß but for the tariff; or why should he de sire to sustain those to make laws who im pose so high a government tax on coffee and sugar as to put it keyond his use ? Rati ical Biography. No more perfect portrait of the life and character of a loyal carpt-bagger can be drawn than that preiented of Rev. Whittemore, the cadetship seller of South Carolina, by tho New York Sun (Radi cal). 110 is a New Englander by birth ; inherited a small fortuns; travelled in Europe and run through the money; be came a clerk in Boston ; vas converted in a camp-meeting ; preacled ; joined Ben Butler’s New England irigado as a chap lain ; got funds and otter property from the American Missioniry Association; was charged with misapflyiDg the funds ; exhorted and lectured tile negroes ; suc cessfully led in a street fght between the negroes and soldiers in Arlington, S. 0.; received about $2,500 frim the National Republican Committee,to be distributed for electioneering purpocs in South Caro lina ; admitted that hi appropriated a greater part of the motay for his own use to compensate himself lor his services while on the stump ; ehirged the negroes who voted for him ten <snts each for the ballots they received ; git to Congress and sold that cadetship, aneis now up.for an other trip to the Natioml Capital. That Procession of the Anglo- Africau-American Party. The New York Jounal of Commerce depicts the character of the Fifteenth Amendment procession,in saying that the procession was ooaiposed of Grant clubs, ex-soldiers, Union Laagie clubs, lodges of Odd Fellows in regalia, ieveral protective aud benevolent societies,a gun squad from Poughkeepsie, soldiers, lailars and citizens of New Jersey, and others This account says tha' no disturbance occurred until after the) procession was disbanded, aud a.delegaxon from Brook lyn was passiog the Earing News office; when a gang of newsboys and bootblacks made an assault on tje colored men, throwing boot boxes, IJacking boxes and other things at them, cltting several. A policeman stood near by laughing. No arrests were made. The most remarkablefeaturo of the pro cession was the platoof of' the Broadway squad marching in front. Unlike the usual soldierly bearing that has distinguish ed these men on formtr occasions, yester day they appeared to be thoroughly morti fied at the duty assigntd them, and, with the exception of the roundsman on the right, marched with hiads hanging down, and such a sheepish expression of counte nance that their appearance elicited un favorable remarks along the whole route. The Railroad and Newspaper War in Richmond. There is a violent wtr raging in Rich mond between consolidationists and anti consolidationists, and tlso with regard to the irruption which Baltimore enterprise is making into the Virginia system of railroads. Baltimore is endeavoring to secure a railroad system, friendly by inter est, through Virginia Southward, and has recently made large subscriptions- -the latest, we believe, beiDg to build a railroad : from Lynchburg to Danville. This excites our Richmond confreres, and “they pitch into” such movements with “Baltimore vs. Richmond,” “Lady Baltimore’s new Domain,” “Baltimoie two hundred miles in the rear of Richmond,’’ &c. Free Trade, gentlemen ; .Free Trade and Equal Rights is the modern law of Development. The Cotton Manta.— It is lawful to be taught even by the enemy; we therefore transfer to our columns, as sound advise, the following remarks of the New York Commercial Advertiser : “Advices from Georgia and other South ern States represent the prevalence of a eotton mania. Cultivators are turning their attention to the raising of this staple, to the exclusion of other products. Oar Southern countrymen ought by this time to have realized the benefits of a diversi fied industry. One of the great secrets of the wonderful Southern recuperation since the war is to be found in the fact that the Southern people have been compelled by necessity to raise various products, to devote land and labor to the growing of wheat, corn, and other crneals. It is only by the pursuit of such a course that they can secure the greatest results from their favored soil and '■limate and increase their material riches." Head Out. Forney’s Chronicle attributes the Con j necticut defeat to the Senate Judiciary Committee, which, by hair-splitting pro positions, delayed the admission of Geor | gia and Texas, and prevented promulga i tion of the ratification of the amendment j restoring a sufficiency of colored votes to f have changed the result. They me de nominated professed Republicans, aud are : formally read out of the party. It is ; gravely asserted that the members of that Committee will (as soon as Georgia is dis i posed of) relieve the body of any further • embarrassment by resigning their positions 1 on the committee. | Thus, Forney drum-lout of the Republi can ranks, Trumbull, Edmunds, Conk lin and Carpenter. The great lights of the purged Republican party are now Butler, Forney, Sumner, Holden, Scott and Bullock. Butler will be swearing pretty sood that he never was a Republi l can. Court ot 1 Claims Charged with Corruption. There has been, for some time past, in circulation at Washington, a charge that cotton claimants from the South are get ting their suits through tho Court of Claims by the use of money in some way. Parties from Savannah said the charge was openly and persistently made in Savan nah that money has been paid to some of the Judges or Solicitors. The .Court deemed it wise to look into the matter, and took the deposition of Mills, of Savannah, for use by the Government. On the stand for some time, he told of stories in circula tion in Savannah, and said he was inter ested in some of the largest claims, but he paid no money except as fees to iawyers ! and had no reason to suppose that any other persons had used money illegitimate ly. It is not known whether the Court will go farther in the matter. Won’t Entertain Niggers. The Atlanta Constitution asserted last week that Her Espresseleney had enter tained a newly wedded pair of High Color and High Life. Subsequently, the Con stitution acknowledged that it had been misinformed as to Mrs. Bullock's doing the etiquette of the occasion. The Radi cal Press are anxious to see if the “oppo sition Press” will'eopy the “retraxit,” and do justice to the parties.. With a full de sire to do justice to his Expresselency and his Radical friends of no color, we state that we have every reason to believe that people of color, in a wedded state, will not be entertained at the Executive Mansion at all, and that until womens rights pre vail, men of color will only be entertained while going to and at the ballot-box, and at no other place or time by tho Radical Provisional Governor ; and only at that place and in those times will entertain ment be afforded to those only who vote the loyal Radical ticket. Revels’ Head Level. Revels’ nerves may be so badly shatter ed by his public duties as to lorce him to make a Northern tour, but his head seems to be “level” as to the “main chance.” The other day in Washington a Radical confrere asked him “how he liked being Senator.” “Well, sir,” he said, “it aint no better than preachin’ except tbe pay, and I’m afeard that’ll git me into sich ex travagant habits that times’ll go hard with me when 1 have to go out and root for myself.” Revels foresees where trouble may come and when. It is the pocket nerve that is most likely to become disease!, and Wash ington City life induces this soft of neu ralgia. Can’t Revels manage to be the recipient of a house in Washington as a distinguished citizen and a Senator of the United States. Distillers and tiie Revenue. The Commissioner of Internal Revenue has issued a circular directing the enforce ment of section 7, Internal Revenue Act of July 20th, 1868, which requires every dis tiller to renew |jis bond on the Ist day ot May, or permanently discontinue his busi ness. Distillers, it appears, have been in the habit of continuing their business with out having renewed their bonds until a later day in the month. This will bo strict ly prohibited, and every such person wiil be treated as an illicit distiller : and they should understand that with . the last day of Ap il all rights as distillers termin ate until such time a3 their bond is renewed to the approval of the assessor. The fact, however, of a distiller failing to renew his bond does not require tile with drawal of his spirits from his bonded warehouse ; but the spirits will be allowed to remain in bond in charge of the store keeper, according to the condition of the bond. The Democratic Party. —The Louis ville Courier-Journal says, justly, that the Democratie party of to-day, as compared with the past, is a perfectly distinct or ganization. It embraces no element of the old line Democracy that may not be acqui esced in by the sturdiest old line Whig. The measures that produced the conflicts of the past were either decided long ago, or else they have disappeared from the minds of men. A wholly different series of issues haveeome upon the country, and, recognizing certain exigencies of the pres ent, it is the mission of the Democratic party to address itself to them. Bat for this it could not combine, as it does, many pf the best materials of all parties. But for this it eouid not represent, as it seeks to do, the conservatism oi the whole coun try, which is simply a consolidation of ail peaceful elements against the warlike spirit of a stiil progressing, revolutionary and licentious craving for agitation aod change. Cheap Houses for Workingmen.— The system of bunding cheap houses,com fortably appointed, and giving tenants a chance to purchase them, as practiced in Philadelphia with so much benefit, i de scribed in the April number of Lippifieott’s Magazine, which states that about fifteen millions of dollars per annum are spent in that city in erecting such description of dwellings. The plan is for a capitalist to buy three or four acres of land in some of the suburhs, to lay off the property into streets, and then advance to mecpanics sixty per centum of the cost of building ; their houses. When completed, the owner | makes a deed conveying the property to ' the builder, reserving a rent charge of so I much a year. The rent-charge is sold by ; the capitalist, and the process begins again. The builder retails the houses—known as I “bonus houses’’ —to persons of small ; means, and each being subject to a ground rent of two-thirds of its value, more or less, the amount to be paid by the pur | chaser is small. The greatest demand is ! for houses of six to eight rooms, with bath, gas, hot and cold watf r, and kitchen • range, worth about twenty-five hundred to I three thousand dollars apiece', j The capital thus employed earns sixteen 1 per cent, a year, while the laboring man I who is moderately frugal and successful > can soonbuy his own house, for a mechanic, j or clerk who can raise seveD or eight hun -1 dred dollars can purchase a little house I with his money, and pay off the ground rent at his co .venience. These ground j rents are peculiar to Pennsylvania, and j have done much to make Philadelphia a cheap and desirable place of residence. In connection with this method of build ing houses for people of moderate means, another of leeent introduction, exists in the practice of the bo called “building as sociation.” The number of these organi zation in Philadelphia is set as high as one or two thousand, each disbursing, on an average, at least one thousand dollars monthly. Putting the number at one ! thousand, we have here twelve millions of dollars invested in real estate (for that is the only security taken by the association for their loans) by the working men of ! that city. No wonder that Philadelphia is growing at the rate of a square mile of buildings an j nually, and that nearly everv family ocon ' pies its own bouse. General Spinner »o t National Hanks and the Funding Bill. In reply to a letter from Wm. Iv. Kitch ens, Pres'dent ot the National Park Bank, of New York, “General” Spinner, Treas urer of the United States, whom Wall street styles th» Bull dog of the Treasury, (who is the poodle?) writes the following characteristic letter, pointing out plainly the danger of repudiation, as well as the present powers of taxation possessed by “the General,” State and municipal gov ernments over the National Banks, and expressing his opinion of the feasibility of funding the national debt in four per j cents : “Dear Sir : Your letter of yesterday has been received. Although all that I possess of worldly goods, save my home and furniture is invested in United States stocks, and national bank stock based on such Government stock, still I am in favor of reducing the rate of interest on all our Government stocks as soon as it can in any way be done, to four per cent, per annum. So you see that my idea of what can and what ought to be done is further from your views than is the plan of the Secreta ry of the Treasury that you regard with so much disfavor. I cannot, therefore, advise him to do as you desire. L should think little doubt exists that if Congress would pass a law favorable, a soar per cent stock could he negotiated in Europe, if agencies should be authorized at Amster dam, Berlin, Frankfort on-the-Main, Lon don and Paris, where sueh a stock, having the interest payable quarterly in the coin of the several countries could at any time, at one of such agencies, be transferred at the option of the holder to anew purchas er. With the money realized from sueh sales of such a stock the six per cent, stock on wbkfn the Government has the option to redeem, might be paid. This would include most of the stocks that are now held by this office, on trust for national banks, as security for the redemption and payment of the circulating notes of such banks. “Now, if others could afford to purchase a four per cant, stock, it would seem to be no great hardship on tbe banks to compel them to replace the stock so redeemed, with a four cent, stock. Wbile, therefore, I would agree with the proposition of. the bankers of Wisconsin, as set forth in the printed slip that you were so kind as to in close me, that the national banking system be made free and open to all who might choose to engage in it, under certain safe guards, I would compel all new deposits for securing the redemption of circulating notes, whether of new banks or of banks now existing, to be made in a four percent. United States stock. So far I would mix things, as you style the provisions of the proposed Loan bill. This would not be a breach of good faith with the banks nor in any sense a repudiation of a contract. “I agree with you that we are not Mexi cans ; neither is this country Mexico; and, further, that the Government is not now in extremis, but I insist that a course as above indicated, or that proposed by the Secretary of the Treasury, is not Mexi can, nor in any sense taking forced loans. “There is fear that unless some fair ad justment is made to satisfy the mass of the tax-payers, they may take it into their hands to repudiate the whole debt. What, then, would become of the interests of the banks that bankers have so much at heart, and of the banks themselves? Indeed, prudent bankers should ponder well, and bear the fact constantly in mind, that next to high taxes, banks, of ail institutions, ate the most unpopular with the people who have votes, and who direct the legis lation of the country. If the banks wiil join their interests with those of the peo ple, and will ask of Congress for nothing but what is right and reasonable, they wiil have no trouble; but if they resist un L wholesome legislation for the public good because they imagine that it may possibly be against tbeir present' interests, they will find tbeir mistake when it will he entirely too late for their salvation. ‘ The funding of the entire national debt, at the lowest possible rate of inter est, and on the best terms possible, should now he paramount to every other financial interest. When the .loan shall have been advantageously placed, and the country made easy financially, the neces sary details, including justice to the banks, can be easily arranged. If it shall be found that hanks can not do a remunerative busi ness on the issue of their circulating notes, based and secured by a four per cent, stock, concessions in the way of remis sions of taxes or duties can be made in their favor. As the latv in regard to na tional banX taxation now stands, these banks are not only subject to State and municipal taxation, but their stockholders are liable to bo taxed separately on their individual shares, held by them in such banks. “The General Government levies contri butions on these institutions in an exces sively annoying manner. The manner of assessing is veiy objectionable, and the aggregate amount collected is probably more than is reasonable. The General Government, through its collectors of in ternal revenue, exacts from each bank a license fee, and a per centage on dividends, and on undivided profits. Through this office it collects per centages on three other items, viz : On circulation, on deposits, and on capital, aggregating ab mt six mil lion dollars, through the office of internal revenue. Should the duty on circulation only be remitted, it would, to a great ex tent, compensate the banks for the differ ence of interest as now received on the stocks held by them, and the proposed foe" per cent, stock, as proposed in future to be held in trust by this office to secure the redemption of their circulating notes. “The national banks acted nobly aDd stood by the people during the war. It is hoped they will continue in their patriotic course by again aiding the Government in placing the loans with tho interest at a low figure, so that tho people will be satisfied, aDd so that repudiation will not be able to raise its hateful head in the land. “F. E. Spinner, “Treasurer United States.” New Catholic Bishop of Savannah. —lt will be seen from the following letters that Bishop Verot has, at his own request,- been transferred to the new See of St. Augustins, Florida, and that Bishop Persico has been appointed Bishop of Sa vannah : Home, March 18. 1870. Very Rev. W. J. Hamilton, Admin strator, &e - Very Rev. and IPar Sir —I think it my duty to give you official information that at his own request, lit. Rev. Dr. Verot, lately Bishop of Savanoah, has been trans ferred to the new See of St. Augustine, and that Rt. Rev. Dr. Ignatius Persico has, been appointed by Apostolic Briefs, already issued, to the See of Savannah. Your will, of course, regulate yourself ac cordingly. Very truly, M. J. Spalding, Bishoo of Baltimore. Very Key. W. J. Hamilton, Adminis trVtor of the Diocese of Savannah : Very Rev. and Dear Sir— lt has ba- j come iny duty to announee to you my ap i ointment by the Apostolic See Bishop, of Savannah. You will please, therefore, in form the clergy and heads of religious communities of toy Diocese of this fact. - Very Rev. and Dear Sir, I confirm your appointment as Administrator of the Dio cese of Savannah. . In giving the above information, piease request the warmest prayers of the Ciergy and members of the Religious Committees, that i may have the grace faithfully to ful fil the duties of my sacred office, so as to be most pleasing to God and beneficial to those whom He has committed to my charge. With my sincere wishes and Episcopal Blessing, I remain very Rev. and Dear Sir, yonrs faithfully in Christ, f Ignatius Persico, Bishop of Savannah. Bishop - Persico was born in Italy, at what time we have not been able to learn, but he was couiecrated Bishop of Agra, in India, about twenty-six years ago. He remained in India sixteen years, built a Cathedral and established religious bouses, the whole of which were destroyed daring the Sepoy mutiny, and he was driven from his Diocese. He brought a Suit in the British House of Peerß against the East India Company for the damages incurred by the destruction of the property of the Church and recovered the sum of ninety thousand pounds sterling. Having been driven from his See in India, he remained in Naples for eight years, and came to South Carolina about two years ago at the"earnest solicitation of Bishop Lynch of Charleston, during which time he has had charge of missions in that State. Bishop Persico is a fluent and eloquent preacher, with just a snfficent foreign ac cent to make him interesting. [ Savannah Republican. Montreal, April 13, noon.—lt is be lieved that the contemplated FeniaD raid ; has been prevented bv the prompt prepa rations for defence. NEW SERIES, VOL. XXVIII. NO. 16. PREMIUM LIST OF THE COTTON STATES MECHANICS’ AND AGRICULTURAL FAIR ASSOCIATION. We copy the following from tho ad vanced sheets of the Premium List of the above Association, now in process of print -1 ing at the Book and Job office of the | Chronicle & Sentinel : First (fraud Annual Fair, 1870, of the Cotton States Mechanics' and Agricul tural Fair Association, of Augusta. Ga , will commence Tuesday, October 25th. 1870, and continue five days. Schedule of Fremiums amounting to Eleven Thou sand Dollars, tjrtice. 227 Broad street, Augusta, Ga. Three 'lhotis • nd Dollars has been set apart by this Association for objects of interest not provided for in the Special List. REGULATIONS. GENERAL ARRANGEMENTS, The first Grand Fair will open to the public on the 25th day of October, 1870, and continue five days. The gates will be open for the admission of visitors at 8 o’clock A, M., and close at sundown of each day, • Refreshments of all kinds will be found on the grounds, at moderate prices. A telegraph office will be established on the grounds, connecting with all the prin cipal offices in the United States. The various Railroads entering the city and their connections have generously agreed to carry visitors and articles for ex hibition at halt rates, except the Central Railroad and its branches, which will charge visitors fu'l fare. The New York and Charleston Steamship Company will also transport articles for exhibition at re duced rates. Every facility will be afforded by City Railroad, Express and Omnibus lines for reaching tho grounds. A steam engine of sufficient motive pow er, with all necessary shafting and belting, will be provided for the use of exhibitors wishing to show their machines in practi cal operation. The public will be excluded from the de partments whilst the judges are making their award. All vehicles used in the transportation of supplies, &c., and all persons not en titled to remain, must be moved from the grounds before 8 o’clock each day. Cotton, in the seed, will be furnished by the Association to all who desire to test their Gins. Every article or animal upon the grounds during the Fair shall be under tho control of tbe Board of Managers; and whilst every possible precaution will be taken for the safe keeping of the same, the Association will, in no case, be responsible for loss Or damage. Exhibitors of machinery aud other arti cles will have the use of the grounds and buildings, for the purposes of exhibiting, for oue week after formal closing of the Fair. ANIMALS. No animal will be allowed to run at large upon the grounds. A violation of this rule subjects stock to exclusion from the grounds. Entry Card* must be attached, in a con spicuous .place, to the animal when exhib ited. •Animals not ready in tiino and place, will be ruled out of competition. Comfortable stalls for horses and cattle, and pens for hogs and sheep, will be fur nished for $3 each during the Fair. Bed ding will be furnished gratis. Their will boa Forage Master on the grounds, who will furnish grain aad forage at market prices to tho owners of stock. Stalls and pens will be numbered and regularly assigned, bat neither will be furnished for unruly or dangerous ani mals. ENTRY FEES. For articles competing for pre miums, of the value of five dollars and under $1 00 j Ditto for over five, and less than twenty dollars 2 00 j Ditto for tweDty dollars and up ward* 3 00 j Ev.ery exhibitor shall receive a tioket ol | admission free of charge, during the Fair. Exhibitors ot machinery, etc., not com peting for premiums, shall pay an entry fee of two dollars. ENTRIES. When an entry is made of any article, the Secretary will give to the Exhibitor a card, containing the letter of the depart ment, number of class and entry. When the exhibitor presents his article for exhi bition, he will present his original card of entry to the superintendent of the depart ment in which he it to exhibit, who will give a duplicate. This the exhibitor must rotain, as after the close ot the Fair, the article wil( be delivered only on presenta tion of this card. If this should be lost, immediate notice must be given to tho su perintendent of the department, leßt the article should be given to the finder. Exhibitors aro requested to pay partic ular attention to their entry cards at the time they make their entries, that no mistake may occur in entering their arti cles. Entries of every animal or article must be made by 9 a. m. of the day of the opening of the Fair. _ Ail stock exhibited in the arena, or com peting for purses for trial of speed, must be entered by 10 o’clock of the day on which the same is to be exhibited, or the purse competed for. No person will be allowed to see the en tries made until after the awards. Entries can be made at any time before the Fair, by application to the Secretary at the office of the Association. During the Fair entries will be received | only at the office of the Secretary on the ! Fair grounds. When making an entry of thorough i bred stock of auy kind, the party applying i will be required to furnish the Secretary with authentic pedigrees, which will be j passed upon by the proper committees. Exhibitors are particularly requested to ! make their entries and have the articles on | the ground at as early a date as practica j ble, that they may be properly arranged t in their respective departments. All persons who iuteod to offer animals, or articles, for sale during the Fair, shall notify the Secretary of such intention at the time of entry. AWARDING COMMITTEES. Awarding Committees will be selected with great care from various sections of the coantry, whose duty will be to award premiums, if the animal or article exhibi ted is thought worthy, as no premium will be awarded to interior stock, or article, though there may be no competition. N. B. No person whatever will be allowed to interfere with the Judges, dur ing their adjudication ; and any person who, by letter or otherwise, attempts an interference or bias from misrepresenta tions with the Judges, will be excluded from the grounds. The Awarding Committees for the de partments, A, B, C, D, E, F and G, will make their examinations on the third day of the Fair. The Committees on classes 1,3 and 4of department fl, will make their examina tion on the third day- The Committee on class 2, of depart ment H, (Horses), will make its awards on the fourth day. Plowing Match will come off on the fourth day. Trial of speed of Horses each lay at 2 P. M. EXHIBITORS. No manager will be allowed to compete for a premium, either in person or by proxy, in the department over which he is superintendent. Proof of origin must be furnished if re quired for every article offered for pre mium, and persons offering articles sot competition are requested to Btate in writ ing tneir peculiarities and novelties, iliai the attention of the judges may bo called thereto- Fire works, petroleum, friction matches, gunpowder, or any explosive or in flam mabl > material will not be allowed on the grounds. No exhibitor will be allowed to remove his articles until the close of the Fair, un less by permission of the managers. Persons desiring space for the exhibi tion of articles or machinery not catered for competition, must apply to tbc Secre tary before the opening day, giving the name of the article and exhibitor, his place ot residence, and the amount of space re quired. Any exhibitor who shall make, or cause to be made, any false statement in regard to any article exhibited, or shall attempt to interfere with the judges in the perform ance of their duties, by letter or other wise, shall be excluded fiom competition. During the examination tjy the judges, exhibitors are requested to be near at hand, to give such explanation and neces sary information as might be required. No article will be received for competi tion unless it is the bona fide production or manufacture of the eihibitor. Where not otherwise stipulated, cornpe- tihon for premiums is open to the United j States. , „ auction. i ~.. . I0 s *‘ e °f stock and articles on ex ! übition will bi? made on each afternoon, at [ 3* o cloek, but the animals and articles | sold cannot be removed from the grounds : until the close of the exhibition, without a ; special order from the Board of Managers. Fersons wishing to avail themselves of j this mode of disposing of their stock and I articles, are required to make application I to the Secretary the day before the salo j that due notice mky be given thereof. ’ j AWARD OF PREMIUMS. Premiums will be awarded from the • xecutive stand on the last day of the Fair, commencing at 10 o’clock- All premiums not called for at that time will be delivered at the office of the Asso ciation during the week after the closing of the Fair. Premiums pot called for within six weeks after the dose of the Fair will be considered forfeited. The names of the several persons to whom premiums have been awarded will be called from the executive stand twice. If the parties or their proxy are not pres ent to answer, the premium cannot K e de livered until after the close of the Fair. The sum of three thousand dollars has been set apart by the Board of Managers for premiums for such objects of special interest -s, in their opinion, may be deserv ing, on recommendation of awarding com mittee, aud are not named or provided for iu the published list. Exhibitors are assured that all premium* shall fully represent their designated value. INVITED QUESTS—MEMItERS OF THE PRESS. The officers of all Mechanical, Agricul tural or Horticultural Associations, and all the Members of the Press throughout the United States, aro respectfully invited to attend our first Fair. Special and ample accommodations will bo made for the convenience of editors and reporters.; To prevent imposition, identification of persons not known will be required. 1 Invited guests can obtain tickets of ad mission on application to the Secretary of the Association. DESIGNATION OF OFFICERS. The President of the- Association will wear a red rosette ; each Vice President will wear a blue rosette ; and each Mana ger will wear a white rosette. The Secre tary will wear a green rosette. TICKETS. Tickets will be issued on the following plan : When a party makes his entry, the Secretary will give him a ticket, with cou pons attached, corresponding with the number of days the Fair is to be held, apd each coupon will be good for one ad mission, the coupon to be detached by tho gate keeper. Exhibitors losing or disposing of their tickets will be obliged to purchase tickets before entering the grounds. No checks will be given at the gate. Persons leaving tho grounds will be re quired to pay on return. Complimentary aud stockholders’ tickets are strictly personal and not transferable. PRICE OF ADMISSION. For single ticket, admitting ODe per ,80b..... 50 For children under 12 years of age... 25 For four horse vehicle and onedriver.sl 50 F. r two horse vehiole and one driver. 1 00 For one horse vehicle and one person. 75 For horse and rider 75 Season tickets, admitting one person during the Fair (not transferable). 2 00 Stockholders can prooure their tickets from the Secretary in accordance with tho rules of the Association. POLICE. A well regulated police of the Society, aided by the city authorities, will be on the grounds during the entire exhibit! n, to preserve order. Intoxicated or disorderly persons will be promptly expelled. RULES APPLYING TO STOCKHOLDERS. Every stockholder will be entitled to ono season ticket for each share of stock owned by him, and the name of each person whom suoh ticket is intended to admit shall be written thereon by the Secretary. [to be continued.] [From N. Y. Skipping and Commercial List, April ] The Cotton Outlook. The receipts at the ports, though grad ually fa ling off, are still q- ite high for the season, and from the commencement of the cotton year, stand about thirty-two per cent, above the corresponding period in 1865—69. The highest price of tho season in this market was thirty-five cents for Middling Upland, in the early part of September, from which L gradually declin ed to]twenty-one and a quarter cents,under the heavy fall in the gold premium. From that poiDt, there has been a recovery of about two cen<s, the current quotation beiDg twenty three and a half cents.' The popular estimates of the current crop are two and three quarters to three millions of bales, but should the receipts during the next three or fouo weeks fall off ns heavily as anticipated by many, some modification from the top estimate is not improbable. The market during the last fortnight has derived considerable firmness from the un expected strong tone at Liverpool, which appears to have resulted from tardy arri vals of the Indian staple, and moderate stocks. As to the course of prices during the next few months, there is, as usual, a diversity of views, though the popular opinion seems to be that, until there shall be a full year’s supply, and a considerable augmentation of reserve to carry over to the beginning of another year, for all tho manufacturing world, a material perma-» nent deolme is not'probable. Much, how ever, will depend upon the condition of industries, now at rather a low ebb on both sides of the Atlantic. The planting season at the South is dow at hand, and there is every indication that an increased breadth of land will be planted under the stimulus of good prices. The cost of producing cotton under the present system, in ihe hands of good managing planters, it is said,does not ex ceed fifteen cents per pound;many ofthem, in a successful crop like this one, make it for twelve cents, including interest on their investment, at current value. Asa price _ equal to twenty cents leaves a t refit beyond ’ that afforded by any other branch of agri cultural industry, the Southern planters will bo very apt to exert themselves to the utmost to get in a large area. Meanwhile the English cotton manufac- I turers arc making the mo,-t persistent ; efforts to increase the supply in British India, in order to successfully compete with the Un-ted States. The maximum | exporting power of India With high prices j is stated by a leading English authority at ! 1,900,000 bales; but now that the impedi [ meets which have for seven or eight years stood between the foreign spinner and bis normal source of supply are gradually being removed, a point has probably been reached from which the Indian culture will retrograde, for it is a conceded fact that under a moderate scale of prices that eountry cannot compete. As to quality it in simply a physical impossibility for the Indian cultivator to grow cotton at all comparable with ours. The Indian staple is invariably short, harsh and troublesome in the processes of machinery. This is the indigenous sort. Attempts have been made to obviate the stubborn difficulty by the importation and naturalization of American seed. Even then the produce, though superior to the native one, is largely behind that in our Southern States. In the second year This, degener aoy increases ;an I soon.the growth is as unacceptable as the Surat. In fact, for ego manufacturers have no reliable Trees but this country. The dependence irmy be galling, but it is unavoidable. Our climate and soil are fitted by nature to produce the peculiar variety ot raw rna i, rta! which cannot bo dispensed with in Textile faDrics used for wearing apparel. Ail this has long been known, and if wo now allude to facts so patent, it is be en use of the renewed efforts in a com ara- I live hopeless rivalry, We shall, not only i each the ante betturn production](sf cotton, within a very few years, but the English | spinners will not unlikely experience an ; additional shook from the transfer of British machinery and operatives to Amri can soil, where the conditions for u.an i ufacturing are superior to any other part of the world. Mr. Cobden’s significant utterance that Britisb-Indo “Cotton gr w •rs must be prepared for a revival ot Americm industry, aDd the competition ot the world,” is now in a fair way tor a lull realization. The Scientific American an account of the manufacture of perfumery in South ern France, and the cultivation of flowers for that purpose, the latter bonnets being much more extensive than might at first be supposed Orange blossoms seem to beiiftbc greatest demand—i3i tons of that material worked up into odors an nually- Boa® 3 come next in popular favor, of w iu'ch there are used 205 tons yearly; thee of jessamine 50 tons, of violets 37 tons, and of geranium leaves 15 tons. The scent of the daffodils is among the least popular, two tons and a half of that blossom, being all that the fashionable aose will inhale.
