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About Weekly chronicle & sentinel. (Augusta, Ga.) 1866-1877 | View Entire Issue (Sept. 7, 1870)
OLD SLiUES, VOL. LXXVII. ClUOiUflc & J>CUttncL 1 Klt'l* OH HCKIH.'KIPTIO.'I. D4JLT - tin , ' ~: .... 3 00 ~ V.'.V.V.’.V.’.V. .iccio ’ ’ Tw w'i.'.i v. ** ->. ■„./■ ♦» w r,i. «*» wtuir. i m j <* IVKHVKBHAV IMOK-YIXC, BtPTIMBKR 7. Tlii! Onir.il Kuilroad. \\ r c pulli»b the letter of “Richmond” in accordance with our Ion? established rule, without endorsing or approving his orinu- itrirtures upon the conduct of the n*ra! Railroad. They may or may not he true. We ea not, with the lights be fore uq undertake to decide that question. Our errre:<pendent is well informed, and i* usually correct in Lis statement of facts. If hi* charges against the Ce tral Road can lio established, the influence of that treat corporation will he greatly diminished if not absolutely destroyed. It will be diffieu't for the friends of the road to satis fy the public of their sincerity io fighting railroad ringt when, if “Richmond” is correc' in his statements, they a.o the contra! figure of a “ring,” endeavoring to influence legislation in their own favor and again t the best interests of a large por tion of the feople of this Sta'e. As ju t stated, wo pronounce no opinion on this point. Wc print “Richmond's” letter for what it is worth—no more. The Ltain of llie < ity Credit t<> (lie Fair Association. . Wo are surprised to learn that one or two of our citizens arc fearful that if the resolution passed at the last meeting of Council, providing for a loan of the bonds of the city for fifteen thousand dollars to the Fair Association, be carried out, the city securities may he reduced in value by the failure of the Association to redeem the bonds. We arc certain that such seers arc quite groundless. The character of the mcm (mts of the Association, and particularly of 11ir gentlemen composing the Hoard of Managers, is a sufficient guarantee that no los" whatever cm befall the city or the tax [ayers. It will be remembered that the bonds are not to be negotiated, but simply pledged as collaterals for tho loan of ten or twelve thousand dollars, which is now absolutely required to complete the arrangements f.r our great Fair. With these bonds the managers of tho Associa tion are assured they can get a loan of the amount needed at seven per cent, interest. They only want tho me of this sum uotil the first of November—say sixty days. By that time our great Fair will have come off; and it is almost certain that the re ceipts during tho Fair week will be more than ample to pay this loan, provide for the premiums, and pay a handsome divi (lend on the capital stock of the Company. Tho gross receipts of the Macon Fair last fall, as badly managed as it is admit ted by all that exhibition was, amounted to near or quite twenty-five thousand dol lars. Wc are confidently expecting a larger number of exhibitors, all of whom pay two dollars for exhibiting their articles, and nt hunt filly per cent, moro visitors, all of whom will contribute to the large increaso of our gro or eutanco tolls. The success of the IT >• is already a fixed fact, if the Hoard ol Managers ate not crippled in their arrangements by tho want of the necessary ITnds. Reside exhibition foes and gito tells, the managers will receive several ibeusaud dolhars for tho lent of rooms, booths and stalls to be used as rcs tauran'.H, luiieli houses, iee cream and re l'rcshnieut saloons, to eav nothing of the largo sum to be derived from shows, exhi bition?, skating and vclooipode rinks, tour naments, shooting matches and other sources of amusement. These rums, however, cannot be reafized until niter tho fair. Tho arrangements and facilities for hr lding the fair must be made in advance of .he fair. To complete these arrangemoms the managers must have mure money. They cannot increaso their eapitul stock in tirno to make these arrangements. The period is so short in which those arrangements are compelled to be made, that they are foiced reluctant ly to ark I'or a loan of the city credit. If the association own ■ 1 tho ground on which the fair buildings ate located, it would liavo no difficulty in raising the money by a mortgage ou the property. As the city infused to donate to them the grounds, we can see no rcasoil why it should not now lend the association its credit to the extent of twelve or fifteen thousand dollars fora tew days. The Association pledge themselves not to sell tl n hoods or permit them to bo put j oil tbo market. All they ask is tlmttbry i mey have the control of them to be used as collaterals in biu'-owing the amount seeded to complete tbo woik. When wo consider tho vast benefit wbioh will accrue to every interest and branch of tr-ido in the city from the holding of a large and successful Fair hero in October we can but bo struck with the financial blindness ol those who art) grumbling or are dis posed to gruml 1) at tho action of the City Council in relation to this loan. We believe that the Council is sustained by nineteen-twentieths of our tax payors ol the city, and wo urge members to pro ceed at onco to carry out the intention of Council as expressed in the resolution passed at the last regular meeting. Tbo I-ll'ec ts of tlie Wai l poll I s. The near approach of anew cotton sea- j s in, and consequently of the opening of j fall trade, ecu es practical views to be i taken as to tl o effects that ill be pro duced by a prolongation of the huge war now being waged between Prussia and France. The concurrent opinion of all classes is, that a prolongation e t the war will work disaster to trade and commerce. It is believed its continuance will iuducc a earn ion which will amount almost to stag nation. But it is not believed that a war of such a magnitude cm be eflong dura tion, and that a speedy settlement will re open the channels of commerce and bring activity in tho cotton market, and a low rate of interest for money. l!v veiy many it is thought that if ibe Prussians succeed in defeating and disor gin xing the' French forces in 'he field, a , i,/' Jtt tt will take p'ace in Paris, and peace will follow with an overthrow of fur Napoleonic dynasty, and the with diaural of the German forces Irorn the French territory. Others again assert that Napoli in bus been virtualiy deposed; that th-' war is a wr.- ct Republicanism against Imperialism by divine right, and that the continued defeat of the French means a long and bloody trr, running far into the next year ; but the deteat and cxpulsiou of the Prussians from France wi.l bring European intervention, and cause gold to rise in value and cotton also. The present appearances by no means ior 'shadows the defeat of the French forces outside of the fortifications of Paris- i Marshal Baxaioc, by the evacuation of i Chalons left the road to Paris free. There is nothing now in front to impede the j Prussian march. Bat it docs not appear that the Crown Prince dcs:res to lay scige to Paris, defended as it is with 300,- 000 men, while the armies of Bazitne and McMahon hang upon his flank, and fifty thousand men stand ready to debauch tr.uu Met*, Tours, and Strasburg to cut the Prussian communication with the bu-.e of their supplie*. It is difficult to arrive a* any satisfactory view of the slate ol affairs, by the aid es the dispatobes we j receive. Ilut it is quite certain that Paris is tranquil, can stand a seige much better than the beseiging force, and that Paris amid all the rest of France, will be free to advance upon the Prussian lines, from j the North and from the South. We see m light yet, a hich betokens a short war ' and the dawn ol peace. Tlie Atlanta Agency. With a Radical majority of tweoty in the House, and twelve in the Senate, it is no longer a matter of public interest to watch : the daily proceedings of the National Leg is'ature. The little side bar scenes are got ten up only for dramatictflc-ct. All is pre ; arranged. The machine is run by a Itadi • ca! 6chednle. Free di.-cassion of matters of public interest, or desire for public wel fare is postponed for partisan interest. The grand desire is for State aid for railroads. The latest phase of develop ment, is for aid from the State e.f Georgia :to build a railroad from Barnwell, : South Carolina, via Tehuantepec to SaD i Diego, California, crossing the Savannah River at the Lower Three Runs, intersec*- ing the railroad system of Georgia at Mil ien, and providing at Apalachicola for a systt di of steam ferry boats, of a capacity equal to the transportation upoD their 1 spar decks of entire railroad trains of fifty | cars, each fully laden—with the products |of Efts to swamp. This is being consider ed. The latest project is to dig a ship ca nal from Lake Huron to Omaha, and thence to Brunswick, Georgia, with a branch to Port Royal, which said car.al shall turn all of the waters ot tho great northern lakes into American territory, because they empty themselves by the River St. Lawrence through the British Dominion of Canada : and for the further reason that the flow of this magnificent volume of water will change tho wind -and rain currents of the continent, and so beno fit and fertilize the interior of the great American contincut as to make the desert bloom with tbe rose. The construction of this line of water transportation, damming the Mississippi and Ten Islands, and adjusting waste ways for tho Ten nessee and Cumberland, and diverting the whole rivers of the water shed ol the Alleghanics, for the use of the magnifi cent harbors of Port Royal and limns wick, is of an obvious national importance to tho State of Georgia not only as a matter essential for the development of her great mercantile and mineral resources, but ai a test of loyalty, and as a mark of file ity to tho National Union. The great and wise projectors of this scheme, ardent with loyalty uud patriotism, desire to ex ( bihit their devotion to principle and their unbridled faith in tho bends of the State of G- org a. Endowed with national wis dom and generous patriotism, they do not ■ intend to injure their Western citizens by ■ depriving them of ihc present water ;up j ply necessary for navigation, but iri tho | construction of the dams across the Mis- I sissippi and her tributaries to regulate the | discharge so as to take only the ovetflow [ in case of freshet3, to be treasured in res ervoirs for future use. It is inferred that i Congress will sec both the wisdom aud the patriotism of this enterprise, as it will prevent the enormous outlay of levees on the banks of the Mississippi, and at the same time provide for casus omissus of nature by giving the splendid harbors of Port Royal and Brunswick tributary rivers. These and other schemes have re ceived tho sanction of Northern million aircs who are in the State of Georgia, having spent their money for the develop ment of tho State All that they ask is Stato bonds, which are quite sufficient for their purposes. But the bonds should be made payable, principal and interest, in gold. The Agency will hardly refuse. Omaha Canal is a necessity, and the railroad from Barnwell South Carolina, to San Diego, of tho h.ghest importance- Let O’Neal raise his voice in tho House, and Harris raise his hands in tho Senate. Let them say, like King William, of Prussia, mob bolisc 1 march ! 1 and tho bonds will work wonders. The swamp Line—-The Barn well, Milieu and Albany Rail road . The special telegraphic correspondence of tho Chronicle & Sentinel from Atlanta, announced yosterday tho passage of a bill incorporating tho Barnwell, Millen and Albany Railroad, and granting State aid to the some in tbe sum of fifteen thousand dollars per milo. The passage of this act by the House of Representatives comes to us with a long list of kindred bills for railroad enterprises, which received simi lar lavish endowments from the credit of the State. Os the naturo of the country which these last mentioned projects propose to develope, or the character and demands of tho population along their routes, we know but little. State aid of itself is not, in our judgment, an obnoxious policy. When wisely administered, we unhesitat ingly say it is wise economy. It will lend a helping hand for the recuperation of tho ponple, and enable them tho better to accommodate themselves to anew regime which requiros new habits of action and new methods in domestic economy- Bat the wholesale squandering of the State, lavishing it upon needless routes, to people cut of the State, to indi viduals who ucither own property in tho State nor out of it, nor arc iden tified in any manper whatsoever with the people of the State is Republicanism be yond the limits of apprehension. As to this particular project—tho Barnwell Millen and Albany Road, we do know something about both it and its projector ; and if the sweeping list of similar acts are of a kindred nature, wc are quite sure that the people of the State, without dis tinction as to party, will repudiate each and every one of them as gross outrages tor which they -ire not responsible, and still grosser violations of public trust and official obligations. Ihis grand enterprise to which the House of Representatives has generously granted the State’s endorsement for fifteen thousand dollars per milo is designed to j connect the swamps of South Carolina with the swamps of Georgia. Barnwell is a flourishing hale village in South Carolina, si;uaie on tho table which lies between Edisto River and tho canebrakes and swamps of tho Savannah River. Tra ciug a line between the objective points mentioned in the title of the bill, we find the following interv-'ning swamps of magni tude, which must be turned or traversed in the route: Savannah River Swamp, Raccoon Swamp, Boar Swamp, Brier Creek Swamp, Ogecehee Swamp, Can nonchee Swamp, Gum Swamp, Oeachobee Swamp, Kinehafunee Swamp, and Big Ohopi co Swamp. With great dexterity the projector has managed to avoid the i Oaefenokee, as probably not to be con- j sidered in an air line to San Diego, Cali fornia. It is cot altogether improbable, j however, that this swamp may receive the | benefit of the generous projec or, inas- j much as, while Barnwell, Millcn and A bany are specifically named as objective points, a wide latitude as to the most practi cable route is given to the generous and seintifie projector, as to the “most pr-.cti cable route” which will secure fifteen thou sand dollars per mile in State bonds. The objective points, State bonds, Barnwell, South Carolina, Millen and Albany, Geor gia, must be reached, but the length of the reach is a matter of discretion, and we may be very sure that the route will be as tortuous and devious as a spiral curve, and will profitably keep iu view the ele gant line which twines about the parallel lines of the dollar marks ou the State j bonds. This splendid enterprise is not the chance conception of a Southern brain, but is the splendid creation of the New York mil lionaire, whose powers of persuasion be guiled Bullock, at Washington, into the j belief that he carried Pomeroy, Senator I from Kansas, in his breeches pocket, as to the reconstruction question before Con gres-, but whom Kansas Pomeroy openly, in the Senate of the L nited States, repudiated, saying, “Depart from me; I never knew you.” More late ly, this distinguished millionaire of Republican legislation has become fa mous in these parts as the millionaire con tractor of the Port Royal Railroad, and his magnificent management and financiering, by which seven or eight hundred laborers —for the most part colored—lost their wages, and were reduced to desperation by starvation. So desperate had these justly indignant laborers become that they sur rounded the Pert Royal headquarters, and were only restrained from violence by the whole of the police force (f Augusta. Even yet the grey coat guards the flaringly painted headquarters, which, we are told, is watched for the return of the New York financier and millionaire, now seeding State aid to devclcpc the swamp region of Carolina and Georgia - he, of course, furnishing all the money. So reduced, by starvation and sickness, were the laborers that the Mayor of Au gusta had to distribute bread and meat to them, und.r guard in the streets, to keep the peace by appeasing their huflzer; while the sick were carried to the city’s hospital. k With such splendor in design before them, and such magnificence by the record in financial skill, honest people may well distrust the administration of State aid by a Legislature, •Republican in form, when it lavishly scatters the credit of the State to such enterprises. -Bullock’s Judiciary. It is generally conceded that the present Judiciary of the State is equal, if not su perior, in ability, integrity and moral worth to any that has served in the past, and will compare favorably with that of any State in tho.Union. — Bulloch's Message. The above extraordinary statement oi the bold robber who occupies the Execu tive chair of the State, might well be left to tho dcc’sit nos tho people of Georgia without comment, if thev alone were to pass in judgment upon its truthfulness. Unfortunately, thousands of good people ouUidc the limits of tho Stato will read this surpri.-ing and most mendacious state ment, who are not familiar wi.h the person nel of the present Judiciary of the State, and who might believe that Georgians really conceded tho claim of Bullock in their behalf, if those who are familiar with the facts permit it to pass without contra diction. We venture the assertion that never, in the history of the State, have we been cursed with such an ignorant, incompe tent, and, in many instances, corrupt Ju diciary as that foisted upon us by the cor rupt Executive head of the State. Out of tho sixteen Judges of tho Superior Courts, (hero are but four or five who car, by any honest c’assifieation, be possibly racked higher than third or fourth rate lawyers. With the above exceptions, none of them were regarded by the members of the Bar us the State as capable of grasping or elucidating the nice legal points in volved in nearly all the litigated cases which occur in the general practice of the profession. Since- their elevation to the bench, tho number ol their crude, bung ling and faulty decisions have confirmed the opinions previously entertained of their legal capacily and ability. At a recent term of the Supreme Court one of these able judges of Bullock had six cases from his circuit reviewed by tbe Court, and every one save a single case tried by consent by a lawyer selected by the parties was reversed. From the cir cuit of another of .Bullock’s “able judges” twenty three cases were reviewed and twenty two were reversed—the only case in which the judgment of the Superior Cornt was affirmed, being one in which counsel had agreed upon a lawyer to act as judge. From another circuit six eases were taken up and all of them reversed. So much for tho “ability” of Bullock’s, appointees. When we look at the moral character and standing in sooiety of tho array of Bullock’s Judges, we Cod that they stand little or no better than we have seen that they do intellectually. Indoed, we do not hesitate to affirm that with a tew honorable exceptions the moral and social status of the present Judiciary is very far below the average of our population. On this point there can hardly be a doubt io the mind of any well-informed and unprejudiced mind. Perhaps we should not have alluded to this mortifying subject if Builock had not paraded his fulsome eulogium so offen sively before the public. We might have been content to let his pets strut through their brief inglorious terms without calling attention to their glaring ineompe'cncy, but as their master has thrown the gauntlet in the face of the honest people of the State, we feel compelled to take it up. And it is in behalf of these men he recom mends that power be given to punish for contempt any honest or truthful criticism upon their Judicial acts, made out of the court house and not in the hearing of the court. On this point wc shall have some thing to say to-morrow. Don’t Like tlsel’lacc. The New York Radicals in casting about for a member of their pt-rty, who it would not injure, to take the beating prepared for them by the Democrats in the ap proaching gubernatorial election in that State have, with singular unanimity, fallen upon .Greoley of the Tribune. They doubtless think that to defeat him would not damage the party much, and that, as far as.Le is personally eoncerned, not at all. T.ie Tribune philosopher thicks lie “smells a mice” in the great “compli ment” his Radical friends propose to pay him, and generously declines the honor of defeat in favor ot Marshall O. Roberts or Stewart L. Wcodford. Either of these gentlemen he thinks would answer the purposes of the party better than himself, fer he confesses that “there are from five to tea thousand Radicals in the State who wiil vote against (me) him ” an! no Dem ocrats wil, vote for him. Like a good philosopher he. however, is willing to take the beating if no one else can be prevailed upon to take the place. Wliat For ? Two companies of United States troops have been ordered from Virginia to At- Georgia. — Washington telegram to A. *. Herald. iia<-e these Hoops been sent here on the 1 requisition of lie.look to aid the civihau- I thorities in enioremg the law against the organized .bands of lawless negroes who, like the recent insurrectionary bands in Jefferson and lerrell counties, have set a defiance the process of the courts, or are they put at Bullock s disposal to enable him to repeat at our fall elections the late Ilolden-Kirk programme in North Caro lina ? These are pertinent questions, and the people would like to have them authorita tively answered. A firm in Orangeburg gave a prize of a silver cun for the first bale of new cotton. E. H. Houser, was the winner, bringing in a bale, classed middling, and Weighing I 366 pounds. It sold lor 17ic. Wholesale houses in Charleston are re ceiving letters from their friends in the | country, which give very fla.tering &c I counts of orop prospect*, AUGUSTA, GA., WEDNESDAY MORNING, SEPTEMBER 7 IS7O. 1 lie Matveis us Financir ring. The latest phase of modern reconstruc tion 13 the financial one. Wall s'reet mil lionaires, who count by millions, > ave come amotgus to indoctrinate Gehrgi ns in tie mysteries of finance and devefon the re sources of tho Empire State of the South, as a well known citizen would siy, upon an “atmospheric basis.” These finan ciers, evidectiy, are of the true Wall street genu*. The characteristics of a Wall street finance merchant are an Eng lish box, drawn by fast roaasters, an English business.suit, buckskin gauntlets, and a Kossuth hat well turned up in front, or a jauDty jockey hat. His accompani ments are singing women, a pri vate box at a theatre, and a dozen or so of bottles elegantly labelled “Hen nessey. 1804.” No enterprise is too great for his powers. Railroads are his speciality, if only represented by elegantly engraved bonds, which afford inexpressible delight if ornamented with the seal of an Executive of a State, no matter whether the Executive be provisional orpermane: t. The means demanded are bonds an ’ a margin. These being given, all else can be manipulated—of course, upon the “at mospheric basis. 1 ’ 'When a simple hearted Georgian traces upon the map Hie align ment of a great*Southwestern Road from Barnwell, South Carolina, to Millen, on the Central Road, and thence to Albany, Georgia, after turning and skirting with every possible degree of curvature the intervening swamps, cane-brakes and lagoons of dimensions great enough to turn Sherman in his march to the sea, he discovers “t'’c chicken road” of Georgia. In the early history of the State this road became famous as the great highway of the clricken trade in its course to the poultry maikets of Savannah and Augusta. In later days the trade has dwindled and diminished. Here is an enterprise worthy of tho sagacity of Wall street, ibis trade in Dunghills and Dominiques n ust bs revived, and made to avoid the inferior markets of MacoD, Sava- nah and Augusta. It must be diverted t > the great market of Barnwell, South Caroline. A railroad for tho revival of trade in Dunghills and Dominiques must be con structed. These resources of tho State must be developed. All.thata Wall street representative demands is the endorse ment of the State of the Chicken Rail road Bonds for fifteen theusand dollars per mile, and the road is built , and the reconstructed Legislature goes it, and the road is built—upon the atmospheric basis when the bonds have been sold. Letter from Atlanta. Atlanta, Ga., August 30, 18 70. Editors Chronicle i& Sentinel: We wrote you last from Athens, Ga., one of the prettiest and pleasantest little cities in the State. Before leaving there we visited tho Athens Cotton and Woolen manufactory, an institution of some 3,500 spindles, run by water power from the Oconee river. A largo amount of striped and checked cotton goods is turned out annually here, and of excellent quality. The Company contemplated purchasing, or have already purchased, tho “Armory,” on the opposite side of the river, where they will run an additional number of looms, but no spindles. The officers are courteous and energetic, and tho operatives fare well. The Athens Cemetery is in a very ro mantic spot, and from the highest emi nence the spectator beholds a rock in tho river, which is called “tho Lover’s Leap.” The only lovers who leap there now are the boys who love to swim. In the ceme tery are several fine monuments—one of which, erected to the memory of Mrs. Taylor, cost SIO,OOO. To the traveller arriving in this city on the Georgia Railroad train in the evening, the scene presented is stirring and ex citing. The numerous lights in the stores and hotels visible from the depot give the appearance of a grand illumination. The character of the town is business like and go-ahead. The “Opera House” is a handsome building, but worth considerably !e°s than the price paid for it by “the State.” Your correspondents visited the Senate and House, both of which present a very motley aprearanc. “Confusion worse confounded” reigns in both departments, and how any reporter but our calm and unixcitable friend, Mr. W. G. Whidby of the Constitution, can report their pro* ceeedings, we aye at a loss to understand. The last speech we heard during our visit to that august assemblage, was from Aaron A! peoria Bradley. He spoke on tbe relief law, and hit his brother Rads some pretty hard lick. He said that he was disgusted with the constant talk about the “nigger that it was a very disgusting word. It was vulgar and unbe coming in the Senate to say “n i-g g-e-r.” Negro was the proper word. He also ex coriated one of his brethren who had charged all our troubles to the late “un holy war.” Bradley said that he thought it anything but unholy. It was the most blessed war that was ever fought, and brought relief of the best kird to three millions of “chattels or things,” now call ed citizens! Those "citizens”-don’t want any relief. The "Democrats” don’t want any, and the little handfull of white Re publicans in the State are too insignificant to care about it. The King’s English is terribly butchered in these Houses, and oratory is at a dis count. Measures are carried rather by the strength of the lungs than the number of votes. Thus, if the yeas shout the loudest tbe speaker decides in their favor —so with the nays. Frequent divisions, and. yeas and nays are called, and the hubbub is dis graceful. A spectator who loves his State, and regards her honor, is deeply mortified at the aspect of “the General Assembly,” and cannot help thanking God that the day of deliveranre from such a curse is not far off. It is greatly to be feared, how ever, that the knaves will do much mis chief before they are displaced by trust worthy and honest men. The only respectability in either House is on the Democratic side. In the rear of Bradley sits a sooty Ethiopian with eye-glasses on his nose, j and his feet on his desk, looking the pic ture of Skiff & Gaylord’s bone-picker, j and we can’t help expecting every minute to hear him tnrn to Bradley as the “gen- j tlemaniy interrogator,” and get off “an < excruciating joke, something, for instance, ; like the following: “Why am dis Legis- i latur hall like de Academy of Musics j “Because it am an Uproar House!” It is I really sickening, and one turns away with ; pleasure to other scenes. The Mineral Spring is quite a popular j resort. It is about two hundred yards | beyond the State Railroad shops, and is strongly impregnated with iron, magnesia, j etc. Near by is a saloon and sort of a j Zoological Garden, in which can be seen a i grizzily bear, a black bear, a gorilla, a ; tiger cat, a couple of white rabbits and a i fox, all for the low price of twenty-five ! cent*. . ... , , Cole's Opera House is open, with a banit of Etliiopean Minstrels, but the Menagerie ! at the Opera House draws better. Theother “big things’’ in Atlanta are the new Hotel, called “The Kimball House,” and the new Union Depot, recent ly commenced. There are a great many Augusta people here, anil we feel quite at home. We had a glimpse of the Governor, and the owner of the phjeton and fine horses but, as your readers care nothing about them, we will “let them slide.” The brass band at the United States barracks discoursed some delightful music Anil now, having seen all that onr limit ed time would permit ns to see, and re gretting our inability to have given your readers no more interesting letters, we are as ever. Yours, truly, Oli> Hubricajte, Accident on Ashley River. Two i lighters, with ten tons each of phosphate rock aboard, under the care of five men and a boy, met with an adverse tide off | Chisolm’s mill, on Saturday, between 12 and 1 o’clock, aDd soon swamped. Ihe \ colored Captain, Brown, commanding ODe j of the lighters, went down and was lost. | It is supposed he got entangled in the I ropes or chains and could not rise. Ihe others w-re rescued through the persis tency and pluck of engineer Pearson, of the phosphate dredger, an I others, who immediately manned boat-- and watt to their relief.— (Jharlettou Cauritr. Letter from Jefferson. full particulars of the negro riot in LOUISVILLE ON SUNDAY THE 21 ST. Louisville, August 29, IS7O. Editors Chronicle cfe Sentinel: As your correspondent “W,” in your issue of last Friday, has omitted several very important facts in his account of the negro riot in our town on Sunday, 21st instant, I propose to supply the omission, and at the same time so give you a brief and connected history of the whole affair, from its inception, together with the designs of the rioters so far as it has been developed in tho commitment trial of those arrested. On Thursday before the riot, a negro man was arrested and committed to jail, on the charge of shooting a mule, which had jumped into his field. On the Saturday following a large number of negroes assembled in Louisville and held a meeting at one of their churches, but nothing was thought of it, as they had been meeting frequently of late, until they came marching down the street armed, and were hal ed by the Captain in front of the jailor (who was standing in a store doory and the keys of the jail demanded by the Captain, Tom Brewer. The jailor asked what they wanted with them ? The Car tain replied, “we want to turn that man out who has been put in for shoot ing a mule,” the jailor replied that they could not have the key?. Tho order was then given to move, and' thev matched to the jail, whither they were followed by several white citizens, through whose efforts they were made to desist and disperse. The citizens of the town, fear ing a renewal of the effort that night, guarded the jail, but as no demonstration was made a majority thought the daDger over, and the next day (Sunday) went into : tho country, 8 or 9 miles, to attend Church. About 10 o’clock on Sunday morning, the few who remained in town were startled by the report that a large band of armed negroes were marching on tho town to break the jail. Immediately a messenger was dispatched to the country church to notify the citizens of the threatened dan ger, while at the same time two of our most prudent citizens went to meet the rioters and endeavor to reason them out of their design. (It had, on consultation, been deemed the most politic course, un der all the circumstances, not to resist their attack with force.) Reason failing with them, about 75, led this time by CudjoFye, and having again demanded the keys and been refused, broke the jail doors open and liberated two prisoners, after which they fired a salute and went yelling out of town. Wo thought the trouble over for tho present, and were about leaving for dinner, when we received a message that they had threatened to burn the town, and that, instead of having gone home, they were there deliberating just on the edge of town, where they had left a large reserve force, on the propriety of returning and putting their threat to burn into exe cution. About this time our absent citi zens, with a number from tbe country, began to at rive ; but for which, it is be lieved, they would then have attempted to execute their threat. They sent a note >n before leaving to the Chairman of the Board of Commissioners of the town, or, if he could not bo found, to any other white man, threatening that if Cudjo Fye (their leader) was molested in the least for what he had done, they would return and burn the town, and kill every man, woman and child in it. When this threat reached us, the Commissioners of tho Town called a meeting of their Board anddetermined to apply to General Terry for a body of troops to assist in guarding the town and making arrests, and a messenger was at once dispatched to Atlanta, with the ap plication of the Board. Two officers and twenty men were at once ordered here and arrived oa Tuesday evening, and, I am happy to say, have rendered every service to-the civil authorities which has been asked of them. Our town was kept up to “fever heat” until Wednesday evening by “grape vino dispatches” (so common during the late war), ol tbe negroes con centrating in large numbers in various parts of the county, by which time ail tbe leaders, with a few exceptions, having been arrested, the danger was considered over, and our gallant fellow-citizens from Jeffer son,Burke, Emanuel, Johnson, W ashington and Glascock (who nobly came to our assis tance, as soon as they heard ofour danger, and to whom I return thanks iu behalf of thee tizens ofLouisville) werodismissed and returned to their homos. Arrests are still being made—2o have been committed to stand their trial on the 7th September next, at a special court, ordered by Judge Gibson, some on the charge of insurection, some for inciting insurection, and some on the simple charge of riot. The commit ment trial (which has been going on siuce last Tnursday), has developed several facts of interest to eysry good citizen in the State and to which I would ask their si j e( cial attention —Ist, Every negro engaged in the demonstration on Saturday, and every ono engaged in tbe not oa Sunday, (aDd by the way, it is worthy of remark that the officers and men of each day were entirely different, and from different parts of the county ), showing perfect organiza tion and discipline, belong to what is called “Union Clubs 2d, That these clubs have three cardinal principles or rules viz; (A) Whenever a white man owes a negro, the negro is not to apply to the courts for redress, but to the club, who are to collect an armed force and make reprisals to tho amount ot the debt. (B). Whenever a member of any one of the clubs is in danger or in prison, the others are swim to go to his assistance and relief, ( C ). When the time for the election arrives, they are to leave home armed, concentrate at some given point near tho polls, one half stack their arms and go to the polls; if they arc refused tho franchise on account of non payment of taxes, or for any other reason, they arc to return to their reserve, take their arms, all march to the polls and vote if they have to fight for the privilege. Cudjo, the leader ia this county, who was in Atlanta a few weeks since (and who says he received the constitution of the club and instructions from Governor Bul lock) told them these clubs were organized in every county in the State, where there were many negroes,but that in this county they were far behind the balance of the State. Another principle of the clubs in this county, is a general division of pro perty. It will be seen that tho late riot grew out of their obeying the second rule of the club, viz: “Whenever a member of any one of the clubs is io danger, or in prison, the others are sworn to go to his assistance or relief." Ihe negro imprisoned f< r shooting tbe mule, was a member of the club, and before the jail was broken, they all admitted that not one of them knew him, bat their President had order ed them to come to his relief, and they were bound to obey under penalty of death. The commitment trial has developed an | other significant fact, viz: in every in ‘ stance their demand? were made on the civi ; officers, before any attempt at violence. Ist, j on Saturday the order was to apply for the keys of the jail to tho Chairman of the | Commissions of the town, and in his ab | sencc to the jailor ; 2d, on Sunday the i demand for the keys was again made of I the Chairman, and being refused by him, the jail was broken, though the jailor was ! t resent; 3d, the note sent by the rioters, j threatening tc burn the towD, if Cudjo j was molested, was addressed to the Chair i man of the Commissioners. Cudjo, when ! warned of his danger on Sunday, replied | that he was acting under orders from j headquarters, and that he was perfectly I willing to surrender himself to Governor j Bullock that night. It is beueved, he was ion his way to Atlanta, to place himself under the Governor’s protection when he was arrested in Maeon, on Thursday morn I ing—he was recognized and pointed out to | tho Federal officers, by the messenger who had been dispatched, to General Terry. The effort of our citizens, from the first, has been to place themselves on the side j of law and order, and to maintain the | law, andthey flatter themselves they have ; done so. Not a single at of violence, by the whites has been committed during the whole time. There arc several of these “Union Clubs” in this county. Y ours, truly, H. The Census. The returns of the oensu3 thus far show au increase in the number of inhabitants of towns and cities, almost without excep tion, in the Middle and Western States. A little more than half the returns for the city of New York now in show so far a population of 564,0)0. The population of San Francisco is shown to be not far from 125,000, of which 10,000 are Chinese. Nine wards in Chieago show a population of 113,126, or a gain of about six per cent, over the “school census,” taken two years ago. which made the copulation of that city 306,000. Troy, New York: Las a population of 47,000, a gain of more than 6,000 iu fire years. ! COMMUNICATED. 1 ‘‘llie Corruptions at Atlanta - .” Atlanta, August 25,1570. Editors Chronicle <£• Sentinel: While on a visit to Atlanta the other day, I took a look upon the legislature. It does not look like our former da> s. There are said to be several wir.gs about the Legislature, and each is ready to cry out against tho other whenever any advantage is obtained. State aid to railroads seems to be the order of the dav, and if the bills are _ properly guarded I incline to think, in view of the great development that will follow, and the new avenues of wealth that will be opened up, that the good will in the end over balauce the bad. Some things 1 heard were a little amus ing. The Central Railroad and Banking Company, who are constantly crying out “Stop, thief!” and denouncing rings and lobby interferances, arc said to have the city full of hired agents and attorneys to fight the Brunswick and Albany Railroad, and to kill off every line that is likely to come into competition with them. As is well known, that great monc-ply has so long had South Western Georgia at its mercy, and his fleeced the planters by enormous charges for freight so freely, and has so lotg dictated to the Legislature, that they seems to consider it an act of treason for any or.e to propose to declare that groat section of the State independent of their control. They fret and threaten all who dare disobey their behests. Proba bly no other ring in the State is now spendinir as much money and resorting to as questionable means to control legislation as the Central Railroad ring. They have taken the money from the planters by a system of unreasonable charges little better than robbery, aDd they therefore have the means to spend to keep a strong hold on power. While they have the town lull of lobbyists, they arc all the time crying out against lobbyi g. But, if I read the signs of the times cor rectly, this hard master of the people will never again have the control it has had. All arc satisfied that its ambition is to govern the State tor the interest of the Central Railroad, and the people will not longer submit. There must be develop* ments—there must be a city at Bruuswick, and there must be lines of railroads to the interior, though they may come into com petition with the Central Railroad. The people desire it, and will throw off their oppressor. Southwestern Georgia will not longer submit to be wronged. I am told efforts are being made to inti midate men who stand up boldly for the rights of the people against the Central Railroad ring, but they are regarded only ' with pity for a tyrant whoso power is fast wavering. And by the way, Messts. Edi tors, I do not exactly see why this section of the State is under obligations to sym pathize with that company in its war for \ power. It has done very little for us. If the Brunswick & Albany Railroad is built, as it no doubt will be, and form a competi tor for control, why should that trouble us ? Will not the people of Georgia get the benefit, though it may diminish the reserved fund of the Central Road ? Richmond. Letter from Sparta. SrAPTA, August 20, 1870. Editors Chronicle <6 Sentinel : On the evening of the 19th of August this village, whose name isof renown, both in ancient and modern times, was startled from its accustomed propriety and habitual quietude by an alarm ol fire. This dread ful cry aroused the dormant energy of the inhabitants, and brought every one to the front for duty against a remorseless foe with a dispatch almost equalling William ot Prussia’s achievements.iu marshalling the Germanic hosts f r the invasion of France. But behold ! instead of an earth consuming fire, the Northern heavens were lit up as if in flames, aud fear gave way to admiration at the unusual and mysterious spectacle of tbe Aurora Borealis. Six broad gleams of white light shot up from the region of the Nortli star, radiating 1 half-way tho heavens; broad at tho base whero they seem to unite, but tapering- to a point like tho points of a Queen’s crown; andseenringly laid upon the ground of red light, which filled the intervals between the six bright beams. _ This beautiul sight only lasted, however, fifteen minutes, when it began to fade, and it vanished almost as suddenly as it appeared. Fvery one conceives that ihis was an Aurora Borealis. But is it not un usual for it to be visible so far South ? There is not much of stirring interest in these parts. Lately there has been a bloody affair at Kerr’s station, about nine miles from Millcdgeville, on the Macon and Augusta Hoad. Two negro men quarreled about some trivial matter, when one of them shot the other, who was un armed, through the heart, killing him instantly The murderer has not yet been arrested. Is it not true that there should be some regi lation about carrying fire arms better than that which wc now have? In general, the farmers are polling fod der. There has been a good deal of late corn planted, and cotton picking will not commence in earnest until the fodder has been saved. A good many farmers also, are saving hay, the grass having been unu sually fine this season. I think farmers are inclined to gimore into farming and less into cctton planting. The trouble is that the lawless kill hogs and other stock so much asito dishearten them, 'as it is im possible to fence the large areas of pasture lands, and even if this were possible, it would be of little avail against these marauders. Several farmers are preparing to sow clover patches around their houses this fall, with the view of raising their own hogs. There arc a good many expe rimental fields of cotton about Sparta. With some the design is to ascertain the best and cheapest fertilizers; with others, the most prolific cotton seed. Hal. Crop Prospects in Middle Florida —Augusta & Louisville Hail road—Religious Revival | SPECIAL CORRESPONDENCE OF THE CHRONICLE Si SENTINEL.] Monticello, Fla., August 26t.fi, 1870. Editors Chronicle & Sentinel: Feeling still an interest in the State of oiy birth, will boa sufficient excuse for claim ing a space in the columns of your valua ble paper, to give my friends there an idea of what we are doing here. In the last ten or fifteen days I have travelled over a considerable portion of this country, and I find the crops of corn and cotton grertly inferior to last year, say \ and in some localities Tne failing off of the corn crop is owing io bad management iu farming, dilatory free labor, and protracted drought in tho spring and summer. The falling off of the cotton crop is owing to the several causes, viz: bad stands and lice in spring, and hot weather and rust in July and August, thousands of tho cotton is as dean now rith rust as it will v e at Christmas, in many cases the last boll on the plsnt is now open. The fact that catton ,is appea ing early in market, is a sure evidence of a short crop in the locality from which it comes, in my last, 12thult., is stated that the plant was large and succulent for that late, and so it was ; but alas ! for our prospects, the hot weather set in, tbe rust followed and the growing crop ceased to make, and now Mr. Eduors, will some of your readers tell u.-|how to prevent the rust in cotton? Tho good cause ot religion has been graciously revived in tho northern por tions of the county, and members have been adde ito the Church. Last Sabbath morning R,ev. a. B. Camj bell, (Missionary Baptist), baptised twenty cine (29) be fore he ieft the water, this was at “Friend ship ; ” at “Newhope,” twenty joined; at “O.ive,” about twenty; at “Bethel” seven teen, and several atother Churches. God I be Uessed. I see the Legislature of Georgia are chartering or incorporating many railroads, but not one from this portion ot our State toAugusta. l>ont you think one from here lo Tallahassee by Thomasville, thence by Hawkinsville, Satfdersvi'le or Louisville to Augusta, would pay or perhaps from Thomasville, la place that is destined to be a place of considerable note), fid Ir tvinville, Jacksonville, Mount Vernon, Swainsboro to Millen would be better? So far as that portion of the road that would lie in our State is concerned,, I cant prom ise State aid, as the lladical Government of this radicalized State, has rascally sioteD all the money out of the Treasury, Sang froid. The order of our Governor to organize the militia by forming companies volun tarily, has been promptly responded to. One company has been already formed and selected its officer's, and others in various parts of the country are in a state of formation. A petition will bo presented at the next meeting of the Charleston Council, asking a loan of 515,000 to aid the South Caro lina Institute Committee in carrying out the changes and improvements at the Washington Course, necessary for the grand festival in November. It is reported that the fail fashions for Sadies' hats will be funnel shaped arrange ments, the small end behind. 1 THE DEFENCES OF PARIS SKETCH OF THEIR ORIGIN AND HISTORY. DESCRIPTION OF THE OUTER AND INNER WORKS. . j NUM HER OF GUNS MOUNTED AND ! STRENGTH OF THE GARRISON. | PROB A BILITY OF THE CITY BEING INJURED BY SHELLS. Ere m the Seio Yorh Ilerald. \ The downfall of Napoleon and the j treaties of 1815 left France utterly def'enee ! lea*, l’ally aware that they were barely | tolerated on the throne, the Bourbons did j not trouble themselves about repairing ! the ruined strongholds of the country. ; True.enougb, in 1818 a commission of de ! force was formed by Marshal St. Cyr.theu Minister ot War, which in 1821 reported ; a plan for the strengthening of the de ; fansive places of France, and this report was followed in 1825 by another from the Committee on Fortifications. Nothing was done, however, and for eleven years this important matter was allowed to rest. But iu 1836, after the Boutbons had been ex pelled aud their cousins of the Orleans family had ascended the throne, Marshal Ma son, the then Minister ot War, organ ized anew oommission aud charged it with the duty ofexaming the reports of 1821 and 1825 and of submitting a definite opinion, by means ot which the govern ment could act intelligently. This com mission, after eurcluily considering the reports, drew up a project of law, which was accepted by the government and sub mitted to the Chambers. A LAW TO FORTIFY PARIS. One of the most important clauses in the law ordering the construction and re pair of fortresses wa3 that granting a sum of 140,009,00011 for constructing a dojible line of defence around the capital. Al thougth M. Thiers had raised a great war alarm in 1840, there was then no prospect or probability of an enemy marching on Paris. The fact was in his anxiety to have the fortifications constructed arose from the attitude of the Parisians towards the government. Republicans and Ilona partists had coalesced against the ruling dynasty. In August ot the same year (1840) Louis Napoleon had made the at tempt. at Boulogne, and, though he failed and was captured, it was seen that ho had the sympathy of the mass ot the people. To fortify Paris against the Parisians was the real object of M. Thiers, and he pressed the law with sueh vigor that on the 25th of June, 1841, it was passiM by the Chambers, Singular as it may seem Paris bad never before been regularly for tified. The Revolutionary Directory had entertained some idea of having works constructed, and subsequently Napoloon himself gave the subject serious comdera tion. The victory at Valmy saved the Directory the necessity of defending the capital, and the wars cf Napoleon wero all aggressive excepting in 1814 and 1815 In both these years, on the approach of the allied armies, dclcnsive works wero hurriedly thrown up, hut though they en abled the defenders to resist the progress of the enemy for a brief while they were entirely inadequate to the wants of the city. PLAN OF THE FORTIFICATIONS. The plan agreed upon by the commission is what was adopted by the government and carried out. It provided lor a double line ol defences, the interior to consist of a continuous enclosure [.enceinte continuee) and the outer line of a series of detached forts, each complete of itself independent of the other, and yet all'so arranged as to afford each other the amplest assistance in the eveut of an attack. Their tires sweeping each other, it is necessary for an enemy to pass between them before he can attack the inner wall?, whoso guns also sweep the open space between the forts. THE INNER LINE. The inner line (it works consists ot a series ot bastions which present ninety four angular fronts. The line is irregular, hut surrounds the entire city, going through the Bois de Bologne on the west and touching the Boi.s do Vincennes on the southwest. It is twenty-two miles in cir cumference, and is probably the longest continuous line of bastions in the world. The wall, which forms a part of the bas tions, is also terraced and has an escarp ment Os thirty four feet, faced with ma sonry. Each of the angular faces (t. e. bastions) lias a medium length of 1,100 feet. In front of the whole and entirely surrounding the city is a continued fosse, or line of wet ditches, lined with masonry and of a depth of eighteen feet, by a width of twenty feet. From the bottom of these ditches to the top of the embankments crowning the walls is a height of about forty-five feet. The bastions will have mounted in them an average of about ten guns each, which will make a total of 940 for the ninety-four angular faces. This agrees with the dispatches from Paris, which teport SI,OOO guns mounted on the ramparts since the battle of Woerth. About one hundred gates pierce the ram parts, the ditches being covered by draw bridges, which can be removed at a mo ment’s notice or destroyed in two minutes by the cannon in the bastions. At diilerent points in the rear of the line are placed extensive magazines, well supplied with ammunition for the artille ry, and amply protected from the shot of the enemy, Since the accession of Louis Napoleon these Magazines have been en tirely remodelled, and are now absolutely imgregnabie to shot and shell. The old military roads of communication ( routes trategiques l, constructed during the reign of Louis Philippe, no longer exist, the city limits having been extended to these inner fortifications, and, in tact, all the ground from the old wall, which can be seen traced on the map, and at which the octroi duty was collected, to the bastions, having been laid out in streets and boule vards, which are for the most part built up. In place of these routes there is a line of railroad directly in the rear cf the ■f.Drtifica ions and around them, by means' of which troops cud be thrown from one part of the line to the other with great rapidity. There is no high ground in front of the works excepting that on which stand the outer fortress. The entire zone from the detached forts to the ditches i a clear, level and almost open country. We have already been informed by tele graph of the destruction of the torts dc Boulogne and the Bois do Vincennes and the tearing down of buildings and olearing away of garden to give the guns a clear and unobstructed Hwoep. Much as is to iie regretted the destrue ion of so much that is valuable and interesting in nature i and art, it is undoubtedly necessary to a I proper defence of the city. At no point along this line of inner works j with but two exceptions, are the bastions 1 beyon J cannon shot of the cuter walls. The j exceptions arc. first, on the north, the j fortress of La Double Couronne du Nord, i covering St.. Dennis and about three miles | distant; and next, Fort de Nogent, on the east. Communication between, the two \ lines is always perfect; but to make it more assured we find it stated that they will be connected by lines of ditches per pendicular to the ditches surrounding the ramparts. This will involve a gigantic amount oi work and will hardly be finished before the Prussians arrived before the city—that is, if they do get before it. Nev- I ertheless it is uudeniable that such a oan | auction will be of immense advantage to i ;he garris.n as enabling troops to reinforce - the forts rapidly and with little risk to j life in the midst of an engagement. It is 1 ns well to say f ere that only the artillerists j are in the bastions at any time before an actual attempt to storm the line. Tt is not probable that such an assault will ever be attempted by the Prussians, should they besiege the capital, as it does not of fer the slightest chance of success. Until the present war broke out there wasn ot a gun mounted upon the ramparts, nor was the cncienie complete. To-day I every bastion is bristling with cannon, and I the entire inner works are in a complete i state of preparation for an enemy. We have no knowledge what size guns have been mourned, but they are doubtless of j heavy calibre, ranging from thirty-six to sixty-four pounders. These will have be- I f ore them a clean sweep of from one and ! a half to three miles, so that even it the 1 Prussians succeed in forcing a passage be tween the outer works they will be met j at the onset by a concentric fire from two I of the forts and from the ramparts. HIE DETACHED FORTRESSES. Having described at some length, and we trust clearly, the line of inner works which surrounded Paris, we now direct the attention of the reader to the outer [la forts detaches). These are fifteen in number and are of various sizes. They cover a considerable length of the Sein river, which on the west makes a deep bend formine a broad peninsula. On the southeast the junction of the Seine with the Marne is covered by a fort of which we shall speak hereafter- Beginning on the west we have Port Mont Valerien, situated on the mount of NEW SERIES, VOL. XXVIII. NO. 36. that name. This is the most powerful of all the fortresses, and is regarded as abso lutely impregnable to assault. It stands on the loft bank of the Seine, l.fo 'i above the surrounding country, which sweep? with its guns in all directions. Five miles southeast of Mont Valerien is Fort d'lssy, situated near the bend of the river. One mile and a quarter east of the last named [dace is Tort de Y an free, and one mile and three-quarters distant to the cast stands rort do Mont rouge. Continuing on in an easterly direction, ono mile and a half off is Kirt d’Areueil, or Bicetre, as it is more generally called. The next, a mile and a quarter to the east-uortheast, is Fort d’lvry. These six torts are all situated on the left bank of the Seino, and cover a front of ten and a half miles. They embrace within them the suburbs Ivry, Gontilly, Montrouge, Vauvres, l s * y , Sevres, Sares nes, and St. Cloud. In front, the nearest high ground is at Chatillon, distant threo quarters of a mile southeast of Fort do Yaavres and one mile and a half south west of Fort dc Montrouge. which last named fort is t>i?o ono mile distant from the high ground at Bagnex and three quarters of mile from the hills near the aqueduct. Both the forts named, aided by Fort d’Arcueil? command these eleva tions, their guns sweeping them at easy range. Two miles and a quarter east of Fort d’lvry, on the right batik of the Seine, near its junction with the Marne, and con sequently near the apex of the angle formed by the two rivers, stands Fort do Charon* ton or d’Alfort. Three miles and a half northeast of this, and near the Marne, is Fort de Nogent, another Fortress of great strength, standing ou a high hill which commands ths country for miles around. North-northwest, at a distance of two miles from de Nogent is Fort de ltosny, situated on the extreme right of a tier of hills which extend in a west-northwest direction to Pantin. In the centre of this tier, a mile and three quarters from Fort do liosny, is Fort de Romainville; while on the extreme left of the tier, ono mile and a quarter distant, is Fort de Noissy, to the east of which, near by, stands Pantin, the place referred to in the foregoing sentence, from this fort to Fort Anbervilliers, two miles and a half to the northwest, the country is an open plain, through which runs the Canal de Ourcq. These six forts are all on tho right bank of the Seine, and cover a front of some thirteen miles. In front of Fort de Rosnv there is some high ground near by, but it is commanded by Fort de Nogent, as well as by tho fort it confronts. Besides these forts, there are th.reo im portant fortresses. Otic mile and a quarter northwest of Aubervillicrs is the strong redoubt La Faisauderio, and ono mile aud a half northwest of that is tho double Couronne du Nerd, situated in front of St. Denis, and being one of the most impor tant fortresses around the city. One mile west of this fortress ia Fort de la Briche, situated directly on the bank of the Seine. From this point to Mont Valerien, on the southwest, there is a gap jof seven and a half miles unprotected by any forts. But it will be perceived that along here is the great bend of the river. Io tho event of an enemy crossing between forts de la Birche and Mont Valerien, he would run a very great rLk ot being cut off from re treat by a movement of the garrison from the north, and hemmed up in a narrow tract of ground. From our statement of distances it will be ascertained that the circle of fortresses covers a front of thirty five miles, or rather that that number of miles is their circumference- Such a front would compel the enemy, if they sit down to a regular siege, to cover a circumference at least ol fifty five miles wiih lines of cii cumvaliat'.on and contra vail attion should the object be to cut off tho besieged from all chance of relief. It will thus be seen that the Prussian army has a rather for midable- job to atcimplish leloro it can shut up the French iu Paris. Having minutely located and named the different fortresses, with the distances be tween them, age; oral sketch of their ca pacity will be found interesting. Tho fif teen forts combined present ninety three fronts. Each fort is a separate and dis tinct work, intended to roly upon itself in ease of necessity, though receiving support from the works that llauk it. All ate casemates, and, combined, mount twenty three hundred guns of all kinds aud cali bres. Their armameE -s have been in them for a long while, so that but little work has been required for them since there was a prospect of Paris being besieged. Each has its own magazine, barracks, storehouse and supply of water, so that should one be captured the two on each side would not be inconvenienced in the slightest degree, while the captors certainly would bo from the flank fire of the two forts referred to. THE GARRISON. As announced from Paris, the garrison, in the event of a siege, will oonsist of 130,- 000 men. Os this number 30,000 will hold the outer or detached work?. These will he, we should sav, veteran troops, and not of the Garde Nationale. The ram parts will be manned by 20,000 artillerists —principally sa lor3 and marines from the seaports—while the remaining 80,000 will be stationed at different points iu the rear of the liue, ready to bo thrown to any lo cality at a moment’s notice. These latter troops aro composed entirely of the Gardo Nationale of Paris. They are, doubtless, very raw at tbe present moment, but one month of steady drilling will suffico to make them good soldiers. OTliEll DEFENCES. We should not omit to slato that in ad dition to the forts named, Vincennes is a formidable fortification, which has been greately enlarged and strengthened during the past twenty years It stands almost in the rear of Fort de NogCDt, but has an open sweep of (lie country between that work and Fortde Charenton. Fmhcrmore, there aro two redoubts hot weeu Firt de la Birche and Fort Mont Vaforien, which are able to keep an advancing enemy in check for a considerable length of time, if not repulse him. At but two points—one south, the other oast—is th ro any high ground in close prcx ; mity to the outer for tresses, and these are overlooked aud swept by the guns of five forts. For at 1 ast thirty out ol the thirty-five miles the country is in part open and almost level, so that a hostile army will find it difficult to creet batteries aud mount siege guns close enough to the walls to do any material damage to them. CONCLUSION. A great deal of uneccssary sorrow is be ing expressed at tho prospect of Prussian shells battering down the splendid edifices of Paris. It is exceedingly donblfnl if any of their shells will fail much beyond the inner line of works and for the reason that they will not be able to construct batteries near enough to the outer fortresses to throw shells into the Tuileries, unless they bring six hundred pounder guns with them and we doubt much if their siege artillery con tarns guns of any such calibre. Fur thermore, to surround the wails of Paris would require a much larger army than the Prussians now have. Five hundred thousand men may do it, but half that number cannot. They may occupy all the avenues of approach, but each force of occupation would be so far from the others that by rapid massing the French would stand a fair chanco ofthrasiiing the be siegers in detail. Strength of the Pruss»an. Berlin, August 28, 1870. The disposition of tbe different German armies is as follows : There are 18 corps d’armcc.contaiDg 40,- 000 men each. Tbe First army, under Steiuraetz, has the First, Seventh, and Eight Corps at. Metz ; the Second army under Prince Frideric Charles Cm Second, Third, Ninth, and t enth Corps at Metz ; the Third army under the Prussian Crown Prince; the Fifth, Six, and Eleventh Corps, and two Bavarian corps, marching on I’aris ; the Fourth army under the Crown Prince of Saxony has the Fourth and Twelfth Corps, and the Saxon and Prui ian Guards ; the Fifth Army, under Gun. Werder, has the YVirtemburg and Baden Divisions, and is engaged in the seige of Strasbarg; the Sixth Army under toe Gran 1 Duke of Mckleoburg—Schwerin is on the Rhine ; ami the Seventh Army, under Gens. Von Cansleioaod Leowen'old is at Berlin, three of these armies are in reserve. The chivalric Jockey Club is to be reviv ed in Charleston, ana a meeting is to take place in P'eburary, on she Washington course. The Knights of Pythiad have met with considerable success in Charleston, and a new lodge is to be established there. The work on Fort Sumter has been stopped QDtil an appropriation for its con tinuance is granted. An elderly lady, named Mrs. Hunt, was violently thrown from a baggy attached to a runaway horse, on Thursday, in Charles ton, and fortunately, though badly shock ed, was not seriously hurt. Mrs. Elias Vanderhorst, of Charleston, who was said to have disappeared myste riously, while on a visit to Sarati ga lately, has been .heard from in New \ork —not having disappeared. The Legislature. | I SPECIAL DISPATCH TO THE CHRONICLE Sc SENTINEL. Atlanta, Ga., August 29, 1870. cSmale—la the Senate a resolution re •V raining Sheriffs and other ministerial of uetrs from levying /i/at, founded on debts prior to June, 1865, until the adjournment cii the General Assembly, or final action ’ wa - discussed during the morning. V arious amendments offered but lost. Mr. W cllborn’s striking out “or final action bo had, was carried, and the resolution adopted—yeas 19 ; nays 12. Mr. Speer read a bill for the first time, to tax dogs one dollar each, where there was over one in a family. Mr. Speer introduced a resolution to appoint Messrs. (). B. Wooten, John l ope and I). A. Walker to revise Irwin’s Lode, was tabled. A message was received from the Gov eruor with reports from the Home and foreign Commissioners of Immigration. Colonel 1 jester, Home Commissioner, sent in his resignation. House. In the House the action on thg bill granting the Central Railroad privileges in Macon, was reconsidered— yeas 57 ; nays 46. Bills extruding aid to the Memphis Branch Railroad, to incorporate the At fiuta & Look Out Railroad, and to change 'he name of the Ocmulgec River Itailroad to the Ocmulgee & North Georgia Rail r iad, were passed. Tne House Refused to take off the re strictions ou the Governor in relation to tlio Cartersville & Y r an Wert Railroad. Bryant moved to insert $12,000 in lieu of $l;i,000 State aid to railroads, which was lost. In the afternoon bids incorporating the Amerieus & Florence Railroad, St. Mary’s A Western Itailroad, Augusta A Hart well Railroad, Chattanooga & Georgia itailroad, granting State aid to the Ma rietta & North Georgia Railroad and aid to the ldawkinsvillh A Fort Valley Rail oad, Baruesvillc, Millen & Albany Rail road, and amending the, act aiding the Brunswick & Albany Railroads, were passed. Mr. O’Neil offered a resolution that the General Assembly go into-bankruptcy. Lost O’Neil introduced a resolution that all railroad bills be sent to the Governor at once. Adopted. The amount of Stale aid granted to rail roads to-day is estimated at sixty millions of dollars. S. T. Atlanta, August 30,. 1870. Senate.—ln _ the Senate small pox* claims of physicians of Lee county were dismissed and indefinitely postponed. The municipal authorities of Marietta are allowed to levy a tax lor the benefit of the Female College. The bill introduced regulating the rate of interest at seven per cent, unless a higher rate was agreed upon in writing, was lost—yeas 17, nays 18. Tbe bill to inoarporate the Atlanta and Liokout Railroad was tabled. The bills to incorporate the North G cor gia & North Carolina Railroad and tho Albany, Mobile & New Orleans Railroad were passed. The bill to increase the capital stock of the Georgia Railroad to five million dollars ($5,000,000), provided the increase is paid in cash at the par value, was passed. A bill was read tho first time to legalize she elections in Telfair and Irwin counties in 1868. /fousc.- -Motions were made (o recon siJer the bills passed yesterday granting 4 no aid to the Augusta & Hartwell Railroad, Oomulgce A North Georgia Railroad, and Albany A Bruswick Rail road, but they were overruled by tho Speaker on the ground that the* bids had already been transmitted to the Senate. Bills incorporating the Lookout Moun tain, Athens and Clayton, Chattahoochee, Air Line, Griffin, Menticclio and Madison, Great Southern, Gainesville and Kllijay, Amerieus and Isabella, and Atlanta and Blue Ridge Railroads, were passed. ' Bills to extend Stutu aid to the Amerieus and Florence, Folk Slate Quarry and Sivrnnab, Griffin and Norih Alabama Railroads were passed. It is is expected that Attorney General Akerman will give liis view- on the politi cal situation. Tho Legislative hail has been tendered him for a speech Thursday night. It is estimated that the State aid grant ed to-day will reach twenty-five million dollars ($25,000,000), which makes eighty five million dollars ($85,000,000) of the peoples’ money given away in the last two days for aid to railroads. We were favored with good rains in Atlanta and viciuity to-day. State Press. Atlanta, Ga,, August 31, JS7O. Senate. —A motion to reconsidir the small-pox claims oi certain physicians of Lee, and other counties, for services ren dered in 1862 and 1863, was lost. A motion to reconsider the bill regula ting interest, was carried. Mr. Harris offered an amendment, pro viding that the rato should not exceed ten per cent., which was lost. Mr. Sherman offered an amendment that the rate should not exceed eighteen per cent. Lost, The original bill, fixing tho rate at seven per cent., whore no interest was specified, and any higher rate, where specified in writing, was passed—yeas 19 ; nays 18. House. —Belcher introduced a resolu tion that there was no territory left in Georgia for tho construction of railroads, and to ask the United States for permis sion to construct roads to Alaska, and that tho Legislature be allowed to extend aid to tho same. The Speaker ruled that the resolution was not germsin to the business. A bill was passed to allow the South western Road to subscribe stock to the Amerieus and Florence Railroad. Tho Senate amendments to the North and South Railroad concurred io. A bill to forfeit the franchise granted Nelson Tift to build a toll bridge (erry at Albany was referred to the Judiciary (Jonimittee. Mr. Shumate introduced a resolution to provide for tho payment of newspapers for printing done for the State was adopted. A resolution was adopted rescinding the rcstriation of State aid to the Cartersville and Van YVcrt Railroad, between those two points. Tho charges of bribery against Stone wore dismissed by a vote of 100 yeas to 10 nays. The charges of bribery against Atkins were taken up. The evidence shows that he was paid S3OO to vote for Joe Brown, for Senator, in 1868. Turner moved to rule out the evidence, but. this point was overruled. Fitznatrick introduced a resolution to expel Atkins, without back pay and mile age. Belcher moved to strike out back pay and mileage. On motion of. Turner, Atkins was allowed until 11 o’clock to-morrow to pre pare his defence. The House concurred in tho Senate amendment to the relief bill. State Press. Anonßisnor McClosket Refuses the Pump.—Archbishop McCloskoy was last night visited by a Sun reporter at his residence, 218 Madison avenue. On being admitted to tho house the reporter was shown into the parlor, and after the lapse of a few minutes the Archbishop made his appearance. lie was dressed in a long black kas sock that was buttoned up to his throat and made his tall, thin figure look still taller. The reporter said : “I have been sent here, sir to ask you a lew questions, if you have no objection, concerning the Ecumenical Council, the state of affairs, at Rome while the Uoun ■•i l was in session, and the dogma of infhli lioility.” To which the Arohibishop replied : ‘This is a matter, sir, about which I shall maintain utter silence at present. .Should Isay anything to you in this in torwal way I may bring certain clergymen into trouble, I shall wait with my remarks until I can make them in my official ca oacity, and in my official place. You are doing yout duty in coming here, and I mine in not answering youc questions.” — New York Sun, ‘2Ath. R. 8. Tharin, Attorney at Law, in Charleston, has eome out and accepted a buile.-que nomination for Congress, which was first gotten up by certain gentlemen. But the aspirant it seems, is blind to the joke that is being played on him, and takes the matter In earnest. John Duff, who fell from a scaffold in Charleston last week, died tiunday. lie was the only support of an aged mother, who is terribly grieved at her loss. Mr. David Adams died lately near Columbia, from the effects of bathing while in a heated state. Sickness is quite prevalent in Darling ton. All the wharves in Charleston are un-. { | cr going repairs, to meet the growing de mands of* commerce in that city, fifteen thousand dollars has been expended, since the war, on the old Fraser wharf.
