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About Weekly chronicle & sentinel. (Augusta, Ga.) 1866-1877 | View Entire Issue (Feb. 15, 1871)
OLD fiEUIES, VOL. IAXVIII. (f jjtoniclc & S'cntincl. J _ - TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION. UAIL.V. - > 1 00 T.,r«- month* 2 «• One year —— ?® 'l'iti-w i; eki.v. Ono y*-ar » 6 «0 Six iimdUih 3 50 Three month* 2 00 %V ELK I . V . Tlirve month)) 1 t'O ix months 1 ,r> h ■ ..,.r IK WfcUVi i iA i V.tH.vlNu, KKBKI ARI 15. Kumorrd Cabinet Cbangec* Ii is n' w -tated, with great positivecemi, that General Grant contemplates a re-ca-t of hi* Cabinet on the 4th cf March. Tt i- niculplattd action is forced upon bint by the leaden of bin party, who de c'ara that a continuance of the present Cabin t will insure a complete Democratic victory next year- The ultra 11. died Morton will* it is ■■aid, take the place of Air. Fisk, who 13 ti o con-cr/alive, too just and too honest to suit the views of the “advanced” men 'it hi) party. Grant insists upon having one nincompoop near hitn, and will, there, fore, recall poor Doric as the man nest suited for the position. The recent dt volcpments in regard to the Chorpernoing claims renders it necessary that Mr. Crcswcll shall rctwe from the head of the Post Office Department. Several names have been mentioned as his probable suc cessor. It is decided that Diminutive Akermaa is to surrender the Attorney General's place. Judge Pierrepont, of New York, is named as his probable successor. We do not, however, concur in this suggestion. We believe that Air. 15. 11. Hill will Lave the place tendered to him, and that he will accept it. Arrangements for this appoint ment were commenced in November last, and we believe it to be quite certain that Mr. 15. If. Hill will be the next Attorney Genera 1 . Lease of tin blate Hoad. We transfer to our paper a coinmuni c ition to the Alacon Telegra/ili & Mes senger, in relation to tho lease of the .State ltoad, and bespeak for it a careful ic rusal 1. wdl bo seen that the wiitcr takes altogether a legal view of the lease, and shows that, according to wc 1 known legal priia,i; les, the lease ol the road to t! Drown Cameron Company wasaf'rand upon the people of the State. This view cf tho case it conclusive and un answerable. The people in every section of the State arc almost nnaniup us iu their condem nation ol this dirty transaction. No ques tion has lor years excited so much in terest and given cause for so much Com ment as the lease of this valuablo property. The people sec that through the crafty manipulations of Joe Brown, Bullock, Kimball and old Hinton Cameron, they have been deprived of property well worth a rental of a halt million annually for a were song. They see that tho parties who got tho fattest hl.aro (f this big job are Northern n lroad gamblers and bitter and vindictive persecutors of tho people of the South. For men than llirct -quarters of a century tho participants >u •be Yazoo fraud have been held up to the scorn and just iodigi!i.ii,/n r>f tho lioaest monos the ,S/ate. That black and damning job sinks into insignificance when compared with this stupendous fraud, concocted by Bu! hick, Brown & Cos. The people will de mand rd tlic next Legislature a full and thorough ventilation of this dirty trans ection. In the meantime the columns of the CuttONici.E & Hentinf.i, will be kept open for a full and fair discussion of the subject. Hit Hock’s Interest iu the State ltoad Lease. The conduct of Bullock, ponding the ne gotiations in r 1 ttion to the lease of tho State Road, and his final acceptance of a bid lower than others which were made, and which w.u ■ notoriously much less than the property was worth, were sufficient to throw suspicion upon the purity of his course, even if ho had been a better man than he i . The people of tho State, however, knew him so well that conduct ■.vhic’.i would only have awakened sus yioion in one whose character was good, produced conviction of fraud and rascality when committed by the hold robber who now has control of the State Govern ment- Everybody /elf that Bullock reserved for himsolt a share of the spoils in tho lease. We do not 1 relieve that a single ! I1)m . s i man iu the State entertained any •doubt’ on this point. All knew him to be capa' fo of any species of corruption, and willing to lend himself to any scheme which would ptt mone7 in his impecun ious pockets. The conviction in the pub lic mind of his personal interest ia the lease was universal, and just as strong as if founded upon postiva proof, la the absi'cca of direct proof, his bad oharaeter and the strarae circumstances connected with tho lease to Brown, Cameron & Cos., were quite .sufficient to satisfy tho public uiind that a gross fraud was perpetrated in tho profits of which ho was to have a large share. It now appears that the public were not wi-it iken in their opinions on this point. Already it has leaked cut that when the company was made up, and tho bid to be made agreed od, one full share in tho lease —there being twenty-three in all—was left at the disposal cf Bullock. The Brewn Company knew well enough tlrnt it would never Jo to let Bullock's r.ntr.c appear amon g the lessee-. This would have made the lease void. Brown was too good a lawyer to make a mistake of this kind. He knew also that the connection of Bullock’s name with the lessees would make the whole affair odious to the people. It was, therefore, agreed among the conspirators that Bullock should sharo equally with them in the corrupt job, Tout that his name should be kept dark- We i ave reason to believe that Bullock would never have signed the lease if he had not been amply provided for as an equal participant in the jipoils. We have the highest authority for saying ■that when .he company was made up, it was understood that one share was to be left for Bullock. Before die bid was put in, the share oi’ Bullock had been put down to a Northern man selected by Bul lock to hold it for him. This fact was known to Brown and the leading members of the company, and acquiesced in by him and then;. They know that one full share of the stock is owned by Bullock, though comically put down to another. These facts we obtain from a source altogether reliable, and we learn they will soon be made known in such a way as to bring confusion and shame upon those engaged in the transaction. The party who holds Bulloek’s share is said to be a Northern man, who first gave Bullock employment ana sent him South as an employee of the Express Company several years since. Kenei.uots. —Stunner said in the Senate the other day, when the appointment of Cramer as Minister to Demark was before that body, that lie opposed the nomination because the only qualibcation Cramer possessed was, that he was a relative of the President; and that he should, in fu ture, demand something more than this to secure his vote. Judge Stephen-’ Letter to brce'.ey. Other engagements prevented us from giving such notice *f Judge Stephen/ let ter to Greeby, published yesterday morn ing, as its merits most cieariy demanded, in then® day* of reticence, it net timidity, among the class of perrons who, in other ae<l better times, were regarded as the ' tree exponents of South ra sentiment and prinuipb, the frank and manly utterances I o. Judge Stephens dennnd special notice- A .hough hhn elf excludtd from participa ting ia the honor of the country, he is watchful and energetic in exposing the frauds and villianies of tbedominant party. No istent b pc of future relief from politi cal disabilities, through thj agency of Rad ical forgiveness and magnanimity, in duces him to preserve silence when the best interests of our people require- the services of his voice or pen. The people of th; North have been and are still kept in ignorance of the true sentiments oftho Southern people. The Radical press, and conspicuously among them the New York Tribune, has labored incessantly since the close of the war to show that the people of the South were rebellious still. That they the Con stitution of the United States and are anxiously awaiting another opportunity to attempt the overthrow of the United States Government. The position of our public men have been misrep resented, and their • too infrequent utterances in behalf of the Constitution, and the laws have been carefully and fystcmatically suppressed. In their anxiety to prevent the circulation ot truth among the Northern Radical misses, they have committed the grossest injustice towards leading Southern statesmen. Day after day they disserninato tho most unblushing falsehocd i about the 8 ruth and her most distinguished sons, and when called upon to correct these falsehoods refused to do so ard r tho most frivolous pretences. They pretend to fairness in public dis cussion, hut resort to tricks and con temptib’c artifices in preventing the spread of truth which would disgraco tho war paint of Digger Indian. It is just such a trick of the hoary old ! Radical of the Tribune, which Judge ' Stephens sought to expose, but which the i virtuous Greeley refused the use of his col- : urnns for. Tho lit has been spread broad cast throughout the North. In the ab- j senoo of an authoiiztd druia! of it the j Northern public will accept the statement I as true. This Greeley knows, ard heDce j he slams the door in Judge Stephens’ face j when that gentleman proposes to let the j whole truth bo known. This is lladiccal honesty and fair dealing. Wo trust the Northern Democratic Press —such staunch supporters of the true faith as the Pittsburg Paper, Hartford Timex, Missouri Republican and the Detroit Free Press, and ot hors —will lay be fore their read ers Judgo Stephens’ terrible exposure of Greeley’s meanness and cunning. In the name of the tl tndered and much abused people of Georgia, we thank the Judge lor his admirable letter. Stephens yr. Greeley. A LETTER PROM HON. LINTON STEPHENS IN RET'I.Y 10 THE “PHILOSOPHER” 01' THE TRIBUNE. [mr. oreeley’s letter.] New York, lan. 30, 1871. Sir: You send mo what is at once a long story and an old story, as a refutation of a very brief statement cf our Washing ton correspondent. I oarmofc print it. Congress has. very propmlj-, ucd up the wholo subject of Southern elections, military demonstrations, &e., by an in vestigation now in progress, and wherein all parties arc heard. I shall be ready to proclaim that the blacks, in large cum bers, chose to vote your ticket, if Gin testi mony shall establish it ; as yet, I believe they voted under constraint or terror. Yours, Horace Greeley, Hon. Linton Stephens, Sparta, Ga. Sparta, Ga., Feb. 6, 1871. Editors of the Chronic’e & Sentinel, Au gusta, Ga. : Gentlemen—l ask a place in your columns for a letter which I have received from Mr. Horaae Greeley, and for a few comments which I have to make upon it. The letter is answer to one whioh I ad dressed to him, asking him to publish in the Tribune my answer to Governor Bul lock’s false and malignant charges against the sth Congressional District of this State. I called Mr. Greeley’s attention to tho fact that his Washington corres pondent, under da<e of January 18th, had reiterated in tho Tribune the substance of Governor Bullock’s charges; and I asked him as an act of handle justice that the ac cused party should have a hearing through the same channel. As you will peroeive from his letter, he refuses the use of his columns for that purpose. Tho public slanderer refuses tc let his readers see the answer to bis slan der! ! He places his refusal on the ground that while tho charge of his corres pondent was a short one, the answer to it “ is at cnee a long story and an old story and upon tho further ground that the Congressional investigation now ia pro gress will bring foe truth to light. This is the vaunted “Philosopher” Greeley. This is the man who makes special pretensions to fairness, readi ness to give all sides a hearing. _ Nor do I dispute that he is indeed the fairest of his panv. Ido not forget that ho had the manliness to offer himself as bail tor Mr. Davis. But it is now obvious that his vaunted philosophic fairness has its limit. Like bis confederates who are engaged in the work of overthrowing the Constitution of their country by the revolutionary and despotic scheme of reconstruction, he seeks to tofl ime the prejudices of one section of the eouotry against the other by slander ous fabrications; and then refuses to bear tbe voice of Truth and Reason on the part of the aocused. He is but an illustration of the whole traitorous crew who are en gaged in the nefarious work of undermin ing and subverting the Constitution of their country- Their uniform mode of proceeding is to pelm off falsehood for truth by resolute assertion, and a stifimg of all refutation His refu sal to publish my letter is placed on grounds that are veiy remarkall’. Tne first is that his accusation was a short one, and my reply a long one. A lie may be flippantly told in Very “short” space. I did t.ot content myself with a simple de nial, which ipight have been expressed in terms equally short. I chose to give the proof, showing the lie ts be a lie; and this was wbat tbe Philosopher gould not stomach 1 How he could charoe'erize my answer to specific lies as an "old’’ story, passes my capacity to oorjecture. A? to the Congressional investigation, most people will think that was at least as good a reason for abstaining from the pub lication ot slanders as for refusing to pub? lish the refutation ot them ; and all peo ple know that an investigation by a parti san committee of Congress is neither the sole nor the best mode ot getting the truth, and is certainly no ground for stifling prompt and full investigation on tbe part of the public. Men never assign their real reason* for unjust or criminal actions; aed the Phi-! losopher must pardon me lor exposing tbe j real reason, which he has employed so ' many words to conceal. The whole country, North, Souih, East | and West, are getting sick of Reconstruc tion. It was supported at first, not be cause it was defeasible on constitutional grounds, but because it seemed to many, who did not really approve cf it, to afford tbe only solution of tbe great problem of , Restoration. After four years' trial, it is ; now recognized as a tailure and a crime a revolutionary despotism, which, in stead of restonogthe Btates ot the South to their proper relations with the I mon, , has only engendered heart-burnings and ; resentments, by maintaining over their heads revolutionary governments begot in usurpation, acd maintained by fraud and force. Since the beginning it has got its support from a systematic fabrication of lies ; and its waning fortunes are now to be redeemed by a fresh and enlarged batch of the same material, with the intent not only to maintain it but to enlarge it, and apply it to the whole country , and by a single stroke to change our system from a government of the people to a government of the bayonet. This traitorous conspiracy cannot stand fhir discussion ; and hom» Philosopher Greeley declines to give his readers any glimpse from the side of Truth ; and the ConMi'ntior. Permit mo, Messrs. Editors, to add in ! this ceauectfon, a suggestion for thought- I ful me'. The Democratic platform for : 1868, denouncing reconstruction as “revo lutionary, unconstirutional, du'l and void,” i had one fault, cot of commission, but of omission. It ought to have given a solu tion of the problem of restoration. No pirty can evfr obtain power without a pio gramme, which selves, or. at leas', seems to solve, the political rroLlems of the da.. The country is now iar riper for the re ception of the true solution than it was then. The failure of reconstruction has made something olac a necessity. The whole work w u and be accomplished if the people of the North 3nd of the great West would on’y » Dree th* ir pulsions and listen to the truth. That truth is, that the peo ple of the South are far more resentful against the usurpation and despotism of recoa miction than they were against the war itself; and that reconstruction, so ling as i‘ siands, is an insurmountable obstacle in the way of true restora tion, peace and fraternity. If reeoL tructicn and its supporting bayonets were withdrawn to-day, and the Constitutional, Republican Governments, which have ai! the while existed iD these States, were left free to resume their legit imate functions, there would be instant restoration, not only of the Union, but of that sincere acd cordial fraternity which mu3t ever be it) surest foundation. I re joice 'hat this key-note has already been sounded from the great West and from the East. The party that acts on it in good faith, wdl have ihe undying grati tude of the TJ cited South, and will only be receding from the ways of usurpation, despotism and consequent alienation and resentments and returning to the paths of Justice, Peace and Fraternity. Linton Stephens. [communicated.] The Election in Ihe Fifth District—So Intimidation. Editors Chronicle & Sentinel: The recent election in the Fifth District seems to have raised a storm of virtuous indignation ia the breast of the Radical party in Georgia, from Mr. Bullock down to the humblest of his followers. His Excellency led the way ia his late letter to “a distinguished Democrat,” in which he invidiously excepts this district, while ex tending his benign approbation to the other parts of the State. Beard has ap pesred in joint also in his protest, and a number of lesser lights of Radicalism have added their voices in charging fraud, illegality, intimidation of voters, and quite a number of other charges of a similar nature, against the Democratic party of the district. All this is “much ado about nothing.” Judge Stephens, in his reply to Bullock, has vindicated the cause of Hancock and her election in so able and complete a manner, that it ia needless for any outrider to say anything upon the sub ject Air. Corker has vigorously denied the truth of the charges contained in Beard’s protest, and a number of editorials have appeared in the Chronicle & Sen tin el, ah refuting the charges of Bullock and the othere. But still we are told tl at arrangements are being made to contest AD. Corker’s seat upon these grounds, and there seems to be an impression that there is, after all our denial, some unex plained mystery connected with our elec tion, which if it eonld be unearthed and brought to light would furnish some shad ow ot foundaiion at least for the truth of these It dice! accusations. Now so far as the election in the lower counties is con cerned, of course I cannot speak, except from hearsay, but in this county there is not the sliehest foundation in fact for these charges. The election of the 20th, 21st acd 22d of December, 1870, in Oglethorpe, may be taken asauiximple ot the most rigid and lawful obedience to the law under which it was held of atiy that has ever come under my observation. The new election bill was so strange to us in all of its provisions, that a unanimous opinion prevailed, in the ranks us ilio Democrats that their only safety was in a most scrupulous obedience, and u was our fixed determination that whatever gas done should be done through the law and tho officers of the law. This resolution was firmly adhered to during tho three days In the printed instructions sent by Governor Bollock from Atlanta to our managers of election, was incorporated a corrcspondeoce between his Attorney Gen eral au 1 himself, in which was included an oath which the managers were to admin ister to “suspected voters.” In it they were required to swear that they were over twenty-one years of age, that they had resided the legal time in the State or county, that they had paid ail legal taxes required of thetn/or the year 1869, &c. Tho oath did not say the year last preced ing the election, but said specifically the year 1869. This oath carried the election. No intimidation was U9ed. No deception was practiced. No force was resorted to iu any case. Whenever a voter appeared at the polls and offered his ballot who was suspected of being under twenty-one, or a non-resident, or a tax defaulter, the oath was read to him by the managers, and iu every single instance that came under my observation, or that of those with whom I have conversed since the election, the voter voluntarily declined to be sworn. Many cf them said in my hear ing at the polls, who were tax defaulters, that they would vote, and risk any amount of legal prosecution therefor, but they could not and would not swear that they had paid ill taxes required for 1869. This oath, thus offered by the managers, was the stumbling block. They could’nt swallow it, and of course they thereby, of their own accord, relinquished their right to vote. This is a plain statement of the case as far as Oglethorpe county is in volved. I see Beard has done us the honor to name our county as one of the insurrectionary districts, and if this be in surrection, Bullock and his Attorney Gen eral are responsible for it. Os course a majority of onr managers were honest, law-abiding gentlemen, or this Bullock- Farrow oath never would have been read to a single voter, for it was manifest to every one upon first reading it that no man. black or white, who had the faintest semblance of truthfulness in him, would take it if he was a tax defaulter. So you see Gov. Bullock, in spite of his lamenta tions over our district, was shot by a feather from his own wing It is difficult to imagine what he and the Attorney General could have been dreaming about when they sent that fatal oath to the managers I suppose quern deus ouet per dere prim dementat The truth K the Radicals had counted upon the Fifth Dstrio as a certainty. The colored majority was so great, lying as it does right in the heart of the black belt, that they did net even consider it debatable ground. This opinion was shared largely by Democrats too, for we found some 'difficulty in procuring two gentlemen who bad sufficient nerves to “try it on” as Democratic candidates. No and >ubt Gov. Bullock, when be had the returns trom this district, exclaimed, “and tu brute,'’ for of ail the others it was considered most aeeidedly and undoubtedly Radios’. Let us indulge the hope that this delusion is at ’ength dissaipated, and that when the first shock of surprise and disappointment at the unnatural cor ! due; ol this incorrigible district shall have ! scent its force, Alessrs. Bullock and 1 Beard will abandon these miserable slanders i they have brought forward against u=, Oglethorpe. Stephens, January 29, 1871. [communicated.] The Authorized Biography of General Lee. CARD FROM GENERAL GORDON. Editors Chronicle & Sentinel : Dear Sir—Permit me to reply tjp the inquiry of numerous correspondents in re gard to an authentic biography of General Lee, by saying, through your columns, that at the request oi Gi nend Lee sfamily, Colonel Charles Marshall, his former Aid de-cunp acd military Secretary, is now writing a sketch ofhis life from bis ofioial and personal papers, furnished by the fami ly for his exclusive use, which will very soon be published by the University Pub lishing Cos., 4 Bond Street. New Y irk, in the “Memorial Volume,” dow being pre pared by the Faculty of Washington Col lege. It wiii be an additional inducement to the Southern people to subscribe for this volume, to know that the entire profit from its sale will go to the “Lee Memorial Fund.” Respectfully, yours, J. B. Gordon. Atlanta, Ga., Feb- 3, 1871. The road via Dieppe is open. Paris is 1 quiet but there is great suffering. The i election will probably result ic the return ; of peace candidates. AUGUSTA* GA., WEDNESDAY MOINING, FEBRUARY 15, 1871. The Lease or the Stste Koad—ls It fund ing on the People of Georgia 7 Editors Telegraph and Messenger: It was said of Jno. C. Calhoun that if you admitted his premises he would lead vonr judgment to bis conclusions. Gov. Brown po.sM-sses much of that plsnsifcjhty. It involves the art of so stating his proposi tions is tr. conceal the more dangerous issue, while he discusses his own proposi tions with clearness and persuasion. This art lie has illustrated in what he has pub lished about the lease of the State Road. He also shows ingenuity in his last reply to Mr. Stephens, when he felicitates him self upon the assumption that Mr. Stephens admits the legal right in the Brown Com pany ; whereas, Mr. Stephens evidently means only that, in the case he stated, he would not condemn a man for setting up and asserting that he had legal rights. The Governor has treated the case, both in his first exposition and in his corres pondence with Mr. Stephens, as though the only objection to the lease was, j whether Gov. Bullock should have given it to the Brown Company or to the Dob bins Companv. The people are not mere ly interested in that question, hut they are deeply interested in the further question : Is not the whole thing void f Asa tax-payer, sorely burdened at this time. 1 protest that the complaint shall not be confined to the issue argued by Gov. Brown. Igo farther, and, placing the Dobbins claims out of the question, maintain that the lease to Brown & Cos. is void —void, not only in good conscience, which ought to be sufficient, but void un der the law, on a great, well-settled prin ciple of Public Policy. In refeience to judicial sales it is good law that bidders can make no binding agreement which stifles fair compelitioc, especially if it is done with a view to buy the property at an undervalue. Such a contract is doc only illegal and could not be enforced bc-fore tbe bidders, but it renders the whole sale void. The law-maker, when he sends bis officer forth armed with an “execution” to teiza acd sell your property in invitum, pledges to you a fair sale—that you shall have all the chances flowing from full and fair competition. Tbe debtor is entitled to this, a's weli as his junior creditors —common honesty and fairness requite it. There is this apparent modification of the rule of law, viz : That two or more persons may unite, where teat uniiing simply makes up anew bidder—as where one man is not able to buy, or not willing to own all tbe property, he may unite with one or more in tbe like condition, fix their price and depute one of their num ber to bid it off. Why ? Because they do not violate the public policy—their agreement does not stifle competition— they do not hinder each other from bid ding—they rather promote competition by supplying a neiv bidder. Hence that sort of partnership is not illegal. But upon the principles laid down, if two such part ne,whips by their several agents, were on the ground bidding and should agree for one to drop out and the other to buy on general account of both partnerships, there the evil is done—the pledge of the law-maker is violated, the debtor defraud ed, his other creditors injured, and the sale itself becomes void. Tested by these principles, how stands the lease in the light of reason, fairness, justice and law ? It is patent upon Gov- Brown’s exposition that there must have been some management incon-d-fant with the rules of full and lair competition. Look at the diverse.personal elements of the association—the nine or ten railroad companies as sureties, worth over $16,- 000,000, when half was sufficient —the confusion as to what particular partnership certain railroad companies would finally guarantee for, to say cothiog of tho rumor on the streets that the right was given to Bullock to nominate the owner of one entire share. But we need not speculate, reliable in formation assures us that at or,e time Guv. Brown and curtain associates composed one partnership, monosing (as to Georgia), two specified railroad companies Tor sure ties, and that it had agreed upon tbe bid of $25,000; while (besides the Dobbins Company) there was another partnership i'" 0 ) ' o'"" « rliflWont, sot of rail road companies as sureties, which had pre pared a bid higher than the Brown bid, and that by sotne combination on the last day in the morning, it turned out that only ihe lower or Brown bid was handed in ! Any one can sec and apply the analogy. Here was the evil so clearly condemned by public policy, tc-wit ; an agreement or combination between bidders, not only tending to stifle fair competition, but one that actually silenced a bidder and caused the property (the lease) to sell for less than a party present was prepared to offer. It should be borne in mind that the rule of public policy invoked, does not re quire that there shall be moral or actual fraud —for a man may thoughtlessly, or without a bad intpnt. in the eager pursuit of his interest, ’trench upon the rights of others without becoming criminal—while his conduct may operate such an injury to others, as to constitute what is known as legal fraud. I am glad the rule is thus broad, for the sake ,if some good men who are found in the association. Yet my interest, tbe interest of every tax payer in Georgia, the great public dis satisfaction on the subject, the bad exam ple set in tho violation of a public policy founded in good reason—in the case of so large a contract—all conspire to call for vacating the lease. One of the People. • [communicated. 1 Crawfordville, G a., Feb. 3, 1871. Editors Chronicle & Sentinel: Dear Sirs —I see in a recent date of your paper that my name is mentioned as being a witness in behalf of Thos. P. Beard. If fraud and intimidation was used during the election it should be ex posed, and I believe that no gentleman would accept an office if he knew it was by iujustiee to tho opposite party that he was elected. I know not what occurred in other por tion-! of the State, and can speak know ingly of none except, my own county. I was io our little village during the three days of the election, and saw no in timidation or fraud—there was not a'gun fired or a blow struck during the whole time. The election was more peaceable and quiet than it has been for years. In making these statements I think I do justice to myself'-nd to a!! parties, and know what I say will be verified by every good citizen of Taliaferro county. It is my intention now, as it will ever be, to work for the good of my country, irrespective of party feeling. Very respectfully. J. W. Rhodes. How the People Are Plundered. Washington, January 31.—There was a fearful expose in the House yesterday of the dark ways and corrupt practices of ihe lobby and its influence on Congress. The House Appropriation Committee learned last week that the Treasury De partment was about to pay a draft on its current appropriation, by the Postmaster General, for nearly half a million dollars, to pay tbe claim of one George Chorp enniug for an ancient mail service, which had been repudiated by the j Post Office Department for tbe last i ten years. This lea to the passage of a I resolution asking for the suspension ofpsy ! meet until an_ investigation could be made by a commissioner. This investiga tion proved a most remarkable state of things ; that one of the counsel for claim ant was ex-First Assistant Postmaster- General Earle, iarelaw partner of Po-tmas ter-Generai Creswtli; that a joint resolution tn pay the claim was put through the House by John Cessna, of Pennsylvania, under a suspension of the rules, without a report or debate; that it passed the Sen ate tho same day, and was signed soon af ter b 7 the President, comprising in all but eighteen hours, that Eirle submitted what he purported to be the report of the House Postal Committee to Cres weli in favor of this, but which proved to be without the slightest foundation, no such report ever having been made by such committee, or ever hav ing been discussed by them; that Cres weli, instead of waiting for an application to pay the claim, drew the draft against the general fund for it, and that be paid it in the face of the reports made by Postmaster Generals Brown, Holt, Blair, Randall and himself; that this claim Lad no foundation in law or equity. These and many other facts were brought r.o the attention of the House i by Dawes acd Beck, and created suob j construction that the members generally i left their seats and gathered around the Speakers desk. W hen they had conclu ded, a resolution was unanimously' passed repealing the joint resolution to pay the I claim. Even Cessna, who pushed the i job originally, sat in his seat and never I said a word. IiEAKb TS. C«BKB. TESTIMONY CONTINUED. Robert Washington, colore!, resumed — ; Ttien the white men (ab va referred to) I said to Radley "don’t you dqw a pistol;” j he replied “I don’t intend toiraw a pif i toi;“ they then began beatitg him over the head with their pistols; be cried (Radley), “Men, what hate I done to cause you to beat me this way;” some ODe i of the crowd replied, 'T will show you what you have done;” he continued to cry oui; then the pistol) begtn firing, and he (Radley) feil ; he fdi on the railroad ; son.) of the same crowd wheeled and find on ruyseit'and Harris ; there was a large crowd of while men o» the platform; I mvself then commenced firing also; , before I ran I was shot ia the hard; there were several miles hitched to a wagon standing right oebind me when they w; ra firing, and it teems that the ball must have struck someof them for they ran in front of ar and sc&tered tbe best part of the crowd ; but stil a part of the crowd was after me ; I relieve it it had’nt been for tne mules I shoßli have been killed, because tbe larssr part of ihe crowd did net have a chance to continue after me, the mules in the wigon having driven them away, and st they would not follow me up as 'hc-y would have done; then I ran around through Mr. Call’s premjies, and came around through the colored graveyard, around on the railroad In front of the white people’s grave yard, I heard whooping and Lalooing, and still the reports of pistols ; saw some women on the railroad at the above mentioned point,; that is all I remember having seen ; Harris, when they were shooting at Radley and myself, was to the right of me, and ran at the same time I did ; Harris was as near, as I can recollect, about 20 feet from tne where ]they commenced firiig on us ; they fired on Harris before I left; they ran firing at both Harris and nyself after we had began to run ; for the hrger por tion of the crowd 1 spoke of rere to the right; Ido not know of my orn knowl edge that they hit Harris ; I dd not hear him say anything about bein; hit; but there was a large crowd of whfce men fir ing c.n him ; I hadn’t said or done ary thing to this before mentioned crowd, be fore they began firing on us ; Radley had said or done nothing in my presence to this crowd but what is alread/ stated by me ; Harris had said or dime nothing to this crowd previous tt their fir ing on him to my Knowlidge; Rad ley W'as in sight of me aul I of him from the time he went to tie upper end of the train, and I to the lower (as already stated) until the firing begin; we were not quite the length of a passenger coach apart during all this time ; [ would have heard any ordiuary conversation between the white men and Radleyfrom where I stood; I left Wilkes county the same night after that difficulty ; I left because I was afraid I would be killedif I remained; I had no difficulty with any cf those white men previous to the difficulty; Harris, Rad ley, and myself belonged to the Republican party; the crowd of white man who fired on us must have belonged to the Democratic party, for I know some of the men, and they always go with that party; I have I thick been about three months in Wilkes county ; 1 was intimately acquainted with the Republicans in and around Washing ton, Wilkes county ; none of the above crowd of white men had to my knowledge acted with the Republican party of Wilkes county; I should have known it if they had, tor I always attended the Republican meeting there ; Radley, Harris, myself and Henry Hammonds we> e usually regarded as leaders of the Republicans in thatcounty; as far as my knowledge extends the effects of kdlitg Harris, wounding Radley and driving myself from Wilkes was to hin der a i reat many of Republicans from voting there, alter the shooting scrape occurred, because it scattered and scared a great many of the voters; the President of the Reuubl can club, in Wilkes couniy, was Mr. Graham ; Harris and Hammond were Superintendents of thcCluband Rad ley was Secretary; Mr. Graham was a white man ; Mr. Graham was not in tho county at the time this difficulty occurred; ho ItfJt aIMJUI Iwu or tfcrcc irccka bc/bio , I was acting in his place after he left. Robert Washington, cross-examined.— Harris, Hammonds, Radley and myself met at the Freedman’s school house in wliat is called Freedmen’s town, previous.to going to the depot on tire day of the difficulty ; w e did not all go together from the school house to the depot; Harris, Radley and myself went together ; Hammond joined ns at the depot; Hammond was not with us at the time the difficulty occurred; I didn’t see him when the difficulty com menced ; Hammond met us at the depot before the train came in ; I can’t tell ex actly at wliat point; I don’t remember to have seen Hammond again after first meeting him at the depot until after the difficulty ; I do not remember having met Lewis Wil liams at the school house that day, but did meet him in the alley wiy by Jim Butler’s store ; I don’t know whether Harris and Radley went armed that day or not; I had a piste 1 which I carried for my protection; not for the purpose of raising any row, and it was not concealed ; I did not see either Radley or Harrm with arms in their hands during tho difficulty; I do not know who the tall white man with tho gray coat on was (re ferred to belorc), who stood on the pht forni, and said, “dam’n Bryant, if he is on the train we will pick his teeth he was a stranger to me ; I don’t know how many men were standing in the crowd about said tall white man when he made the above remark; I did not arrest them; this man did rush into the train ; I can’t fell how many of the party rushed in with him ; there were a good many ; they went in before I walked to the train with Rad ley; they rushed in at the end where Radley went; this crowd came out of the same end they went in at; they did not remain iu there long after I went to it, but came right out again ; I can’t (ell bow long they remained in there ; had no wateb, but it was not long ; I don’t tbirk (hoy remained five minutes ; I don’t think they remained over two minutes ; the crowd had come out of the train when I started from the lower end of the train to meet Radley at the upper ; I can’t certainly say that all came out; the crowd referred to was still in the train when I walked toward it in company with Radley; this crowd of white men was about 20 feet from me when they made the before mentioned remark to Radley; I knew only one man in this crowd, but did’nt know whether he was the leader of it or not; I saw no difficulty previous to my going to the train with Radley, between Radley and any white man; I was with Radley all the time that day from the time I, he and Harris reach ed the depot, until I and Radley went to the train; I saw no occurrence between Radley and any white man at the depot during the said time that seemed likely to bring about a difficulty in my judgment; I saw Radley when he was first struck; I can’t say wliat man struck him first ; I saw about half a dozen white men strike him as well as I can remember at that time; I don’t know the name of any of the crowd that struck him ; they struck him with pistols; I only knew the name of one man in the crowd as far as I recol lect, and that was William Toombs; I don’t remember to have seen William Toombs strike Ita* 1 ley at that time or at any other time ; be was in the crowd; I don’t remember that he (William Toombs) was one M the half dozen that struck Radley ; I heard Radley say nothing before the white men aproaebing, exclaimed “Don’t draw a pistol ; L Rad ley had said anything previous to I think I should have heard it; I didn’t hear him say anything or didn t see him do anything before tbe white man made the above remark ; I don't know the name of tbe man who fired the first pistol, but it was a white nun; I couldn t say it it was the colored n ilG tbe grey coat or not; these men who assaulted Radley were not masked in aDy way or dis guised ; I did nothing while these men were striking Radi y : after I was fired upon and when the team ot mules before rcfeired to had driven the crowd partly ! back 1 drew and fired; I did not fire upon any ot the crowd before they fired I upon me; I fired twice and the pistol was then knocked out ot my hand by a glancing bail which afterwards struck my hand ; I had said or done nothing to aav of the white men before shot at which shoud justify them id shooting at i me ; I did not draw any pistol until ! shot at; the white man who fired the first shot nred at Radley; I i couldn’t tell whether I was the i colored man who fired the first shot or not; I don’t know when Mm. Hams I fired first shot; I can’t remem oer how 1 many shots were fired at Radley before the colored men began to shoot; in my opinion there were a half a dozen—it may be more : I did i ot see Radley fire at all ; I don’t know how many shots William Harris fired ; didn’t see William Harris fire at all ; didn't see any colored man be sides myself fire at the crowd of white men ; I was acquainted with Mr. Graham, j President of Republican Club ; I think he Wes a white man ; he went for me ; I have heard Graham make speeches to the colored men previous to his leaving Wash ington ; I don’t know that he was ever interrupted while making • Republican speeches to the colored inen there ; I don’t know why he left Washington ; I was a member at the Club at same time he was ; 1 do not know- that Graham left Washington on account of being behind hand in the Freedman’s School Fund; it was not as I know a notorious fact that lie did so ; I don’t know why Graham left Wilkes county; I was Vice-President of the Club of which he was President; he 1 left unknown to me; I heard Mr. Rice speak, during the late Congressional cam paign. in the Republican interests; also Mr. Graham ; Mr. Turner was there and spoke, but I did not hear him ; Mr. Rice spoke about three weeks prior to the above mentioned difficulty; no white man interfered with him that I know;- I don’t remember at what hour the speaking was advertised to com mence on the day when the diffi culty occurred; Col. Bryant, Col. Fannin and Thos- Beard were understcod to be the speakers that day; I run no bills ; I have uot been m Wilkes couniy since the day of the difficulty; I do rot know, of my own knowledge, that the Republicans were scattered and frightened by that diffieulty and prevented from voting, only from hearsay ; the opinion that I gave in chief examination that “the effect of the difficulty was to scatter, frighten and pre- I vent from voting the Republican voters,” ! was based upon what 1 had heard, and Dot upon wbat I had seen ; I know personally a irreat many sis the Republican voters in Wilkes county; know them when I see them ; can’t ted all their natnos; have talk) and with a great many of them; I du not know as many as 300 voters there. I do know Col. Biyant; Radley was not a preacher, but I think a member of the ohurch. Rc-direct—l was not under the influence of liquor on tbe day of the difficulty; Harris and Radley were not, as I know ; I think I should have known it if they had been ; white men and colored were in the habit, of carrying arms there while I was in WJkes ; Radley was standing bent over with his face toward the ground when they commenced shooting at him ; I think it was a little over three weeks between the last public meeting and the difficuby ; I believe 1 saw and talked with 100 voters whom 1 thought to have been Republicans while I was in the county. Isaac Keebler being sworn, deposes and says: During the late election for members of Congress in this District, I was iD Lou isville, Jefferson county, Ga.; nothing oc curred the first day, only some white men attacked Robt. 15 ittey; Robert Battey went up to the polls shortly after they were opened; he went up there desiring to vote for members to Congress ; he was objected to, and afterwards went down the street; shortly after, Mr. Nicholas Diehl went after him, requesting him to come back and vote. He went back and east his vote for members to Congress; afterwards ho came out from the rest of those standing to voie, and said, go in, boys, and vote ; after some time, I told Battey to leave, (Contestee objects to wbat witness testi fies to what he told Battey—objection overruled, and contestee exoepts to ruling of the court.) I told him so because from information I received I thought it dan gerous for him to remain; I heard some Democrats say on that day to Battey that he was too scrutinizing; I heard them say nothing more to Battey on that day; the remarks were made by a party of George Stapleton, Alton Rheme, and Robert Fun nel were standing together—one of the party made the remark ; all that 1 have re ferred to occurred on the first day of the election ; I staid out at Mr. Gamble’s plan tation the first night of the election, be cause I wanted to see Robert Battey, for I knew be was not in Louisville ; I left town on the hunt of Robert Battey ; when I found him, I prevailed on him not to go hack to Louisville the next day, because I was afraid if he went back they would disturb him ; 1 mean by disturb that I was afraid the white men would hurt him ; the reason given above is not the only reason for not staying at home that night; another reason was, I was in my house on tile tirst day or cue elccilou ; itiere ui.iue three men and knocked at my door; I opened ihe door and saw strange men iu my house, and did not like the appearance of tilings ; the reason given by these per sons for coming to my house was to get a drii.k of water: one of these men was Roger Lawson, and another was Jotm Taylor ; the other I did’nt know ; they inquired if any one was in besides me, and I replied no ; they drank and went out; I did uot want to remain home that sight, because I was afraid to; I locked the door of my house, put the key in my pocket, and left the house for the night, because I belie ed it unsafe ; I staid away from Louisville that niaht, and returned the next morning to my house at Liuie ville, and found the house broken open, but everything there, but badly turned up; I staid but a few minutes; nothing broken but the 1 itch and pannel of one door ; my books and papers were thrown into the street; nothing of value was missing from my house ; soon after this time I went up to the voting place, and found everything quiet, as far as I can recollect; I can’t recollect anything happening the second day calculated to prevent any voter from voting as he choosed to vote ; Foley told me the second day of tho election that he had came down as a member or the Legis lature. (The question to the above answer objected to by contestants. Counsel over ruled by tbe court, excepted to) ; this had a tendency to discourage Repub lican voters from voting ; tho nam u s of Congressmen were on the Republican ticket from which Foley withdrew ; (tho Republican ticket or Jefferson county was introduced as tes'imony ;) the second night of the election I went into she coun try about four miles ; mv own house is iu Liuisville ; the reason I didn’t stay at nay house tbe second night was because I thought it unsafe to do so ; bociuse my house bad been opened the tight previous; I was at the voting place on Thursday the last day ; the voting place was at Louis ville ; I left the voting place about four o’clock, p. m., because I received a threat ening n„te to do so, and I was afraid to stay; I left immediately aud went to Au gusta ; I left my house and family ; I have not returned to my house since, but sent for my family to come to Augusta; my wife came the first Monday in January ; l made up my mind not to go back to L ;uisvii!e ; those three white men who c„m; to my bouse for water were never there before ; I lived at Louisvilie one year ; the leading Republicans in Jeffer son county were Bradley Fcley, John Johnson, George Holt and myself; Batty wa3 visiting his mother at Louisville ; be was there talking 50 his friends advising them how to vote ; he advised them to unite together and vote the Republican ticket; Bitty is a colored man ; I saw Batty at Louisville one day during the election; (the contestee. now moves to strike out the entire testimony of Isaac Keebler on the ground that it is totally irrelevint and fails in any manner to sustain the charges contained in contestants no tieo of contest; the Court overruled the objection, but will strike out if Keebler is not corroborated.) Cross-examination of Isaie Keeblpr— Batty lived in Augusta ; Batty went ut> to the polls to vote and was rejected ; I mean by attacking him in my direct ex amination, that bis vote was rejected ; I didn’t see any one strike Batty ; I dis remember whether I saw ary one curse or abuse Batty ; they were cuising him on every hand ; the largest part of the white men there were cursing him ; I distinctly recollect two; I don’t remember the names: one was a farmer ; I don’t remember tho others ; Batty was five or six steps from them ; they were not talking to Batty when they cursed him ; the .three white men who came to my house and a*ked for water did not make any threats; I did not see any voter beat, shot, or cut during the recent election ; I don’t know of any man who was prevented from v<»t:ng by any threat or act of violence on the part of any Democrat. Robert Batfy (colored) examined—Re side in Richmond county ; I am a voter; have voted once or twiee; on a part of the first day of the late election in Louisville, Georgia, I went there to attend the elec tion ; I lived there once 18 years, and was told that I was born there ; I went there in the Interest of the Republican party ; the voting in Louisville was going on at the Court House ; I think I reached there about 9 o’clock ; the voting was not going on when I reached there; when I got to tbe Court House I carried the tickets with me and distributed them ; a few minutes after that complaint was made that they could not vote unless they had paid their taxes; I stated to them that I thought they could, that an act of the Legislature had moved it out of the way, if I under s'ood it right; that they must be mistaken ; I then went in myself to vote for members of Congress, and stated that was all I wanted to vote for; they asked me if I had paid my taxes and been iu tbe county thirty days : they asked me to take the oath ; I refused to do it; one of the members said he thought I could vote; ' (hey finally concluded I could not vote ; I ! then catne out, and 1 went amongst the voters and talked to them ; I then stated tbe fact I eould’nt vote myself; at that time the Republican voters became .de moralized ; a short time after Mr. DV.hi came for me, ar.d said the managers w-sbed to see me ; after awhile I went ; alter ext mining the law closely, the ts’sn egers said I could vote ; I then voted for members of Congress ; at that time many wore at the polls : I then distributed more tickers; l used a.i my influence to keep them quiefjthen 1 locked to my right and I hear 1 one of the men call my name; he then drew a pencil from his vest coat poeket ; I saw, while he wrs writing, that he was writing my name ; be said to me “damn you, we’d fix you tc-aigh<;” when he said that, I asked him what I had done ? he then sail 1 Imd Deen manipulating our affairs ; when lie sad that 1 told him 1 had not disturbed any one at all ; he then s'aid to me, “you have eot no business here I told him 1 was born in the county and had lived there eighteen years ; he turned and shook his baud and head and said "it is all right;” by that time I think t.iere must have been at least twenty white men; I guessed them to be Democracts ; I thou tried to reason with ihem ; they would not stop to hear me ; one said to the other, "there stands the rascal, take him good;” by that time the voters standing outside became very uneasy; they said to me you had better have nothing to do rear the polls, they are trying to raise a row with you; I went off then from the polls and stopped there and talked with several of the voters; I could see the Democrats around ; they were dreadfully mad with me ; I then went on the leit sid; ot tbe Ciurt House where there was less crowd ; the color’d men continued to come to me begging me to leave as it was dangerous to be there ; a short while af ter that I came upon tbe platform aud stated to them I was going to dinner ; they asked me when I was coming back ; I told them in about twenty minutes ; that seemed to draw the attention of a great many when I said that I was going off; I then immediately left the Court House to parts unxnown to them ; I|have not been to the Court House since ; this was about three or four o’clock tho first day ; I know one prevented from voting for non-payment of taxes; I do not know his name ; I have forgotten ; they may have let him vote afterwards ; I should think the Republicans did hear the threats, and it completly de moralized them ; those whom I thought to b . Republicans did not take any part in the election while I was there, George Holt and Bradly E’oley were a good dis tance from the Court House, very much disheartened; about half-past eight or nine o’clock in the morning, I bad a good laugh at them, when they stated about the notes being sent them about having noth ing do with the cl'ction; I told them I would do everything I could to encourage Republicans to come to the polls, it was only done to frighten them ; George Holt said then be was frightened, said he to me, “Batty, I can’t have anything to do with it ;” I did not see either of them during the day within fifty yard* of the polls ; do not know of any ono to whom any threats was made, none but myself that I heard ; I intended to stay until tbe close of the election ; 1 heard that they prayed for me, and I then thought the thing was getting serious; l left 011 the first day of the election for I thought somoono would pitch into me; I think I would have been hurt if I had remaired, from threats I heard there ; after I left there 1 came out about two miles from Manson’s Branch, about three miles from Louisville, and staid thore all night; I did not know of any armed bands of men being out that night of my own knowledge; of my own knowledge, I know of nothing else being done in Jefferson county to intimidate voters; I oonversed with colored voters a great deal; I can’t exactly s-ay how many I conversed with ; I suppose it was at least two hundred ; L can’t say how many more ; from all that I have heard I believe they intended to vote the Republican ticket; I saw one old man who intended to vote the Democratic ticket. Robert Battey, cross-examined—l was paid for my set vices ia going to Jefferson county in the iate eleotiou iu December ; I don’t remembjr exactly how much I got ; enough was 1 aid me to pay any board while there and my expemes on the cars ; 1 did not get any money for testi fying in this case ; it is not understood that I am to be the next candidate for Legislature in my party ; 1 told tho col ored people in Jefferson couniy that if I understood it rightly the poll taxes were all taken tff ; I will swear that I used the words “poll lax” all the time in talking to the colored people ol Jefferson county ; Id and not see with my own eyes or know of my own knowledge any voter who was shot, beat or cut or maltreated and pre vented from voting except myself, who I think was maltreated ; I don’t know what is meant ly maltreatment, but I think I was maltreated when thev told me that I had no business there, I had lived there eightecu years, and thought I had businesss there ; I don’t know who it was that said "damn you we’ll fix you •to-night can’t state the name of a single person that said an unkind word to me during said election ; I saw one qualified voter that was not allowed to vote on account of not having paid his taxes ; I saw his vote rejected at that time; can’t say he did not vote daring the day ; can’t remember his name ; I know that he was old enough to vote, but don’t know any further as regards his qualifications for voting under tho laws of tho State of Georgia ; I did "ot see a drop of blood shed at the election ; I did not see any fighting ; I did not see violence of any kind ; I did not see any voter compelleJ to vote for 8. A. Corker against his will ; I lett the Court House for parts unknown both on account of threats heard myself and also on account of threats that were said to have been made against me; the threats I heard were made by a man who shook his finger at me, cursed me and said “damn, you vre will fix you to-nightl did not use any offensive word or remark to any white or colored man while at the election ; I carried no pistol in Louisville while attending the election, and advised every one else to leave theirs at their home; f can’t say positively there were any prevented from voting by the threats made against myself; I did not see any masked or disguised men while in Jeffer son county; I was in Louisville only in the day; I stayed Monday night before the election (Tuesday) near Manson’s branch; I don’t know who owns the h m-e; I suppose Mr. Denny owns the piece; I ate breakfast Tuesday morning at Mr Berry Mnllen’a colored man; I think 1 saw a white woman near Manson’s branch Monday; did not talk with her; I’ did not see or talk with any white person' on this side of Mansou’s branch between 12 o’clock Tuesday and 3 o’clock Wednes day of tbe election ; I don’t think I tiad any conversation with white persons near the branch during time aforesaid ; I think I saw Mr. Denny there; was shown no violence while there; think f am now about through. Re-direct—Wbat I received over my expenses to Jefferson county during the late election was about the same as my regular daily wages when I worked at my trade ; I think it was dark about 6 o’clock p. m. during the election ; I suppose it would take me about an hour to walk from Louisville to the place where I stopped at night; the threa's that caused mi to leave were those used all throngh the day, aDd the cursing and saying “dam’n you, we will fix you to-night,” and also the people who came to me and told me of the threats used agaiD3t me ; _ my reasons for slating that the Republican party were demoralized alter the threats used were that the people said to me, “Battey. what shall we do, you oan't s;ay here, and we shall do nothing after you leave;” but I said, “O, I think not; but my cpinion was that the thing was gone up when I left there; I mean by this that the Democrats would carry the elec tion. Re-cross-examined—All 1 testily to, in this case, excoot the damn you, wo will get you tc-night, and others made to me, were merely founded upon heresay and opinion save what 1 saw. [continued on second PAGE. I [communicated. I A Good Joke. A planter of Wilkes county, who, for the past three years, has been us'mg Mathewsons Soluble Faaific Guano, very recently attonded church, and listeued to an eloquent discourse by a missionary. After this discourse was over, a collection was taken up for mis sionary purposes ; and upon approaching the planter above mentioned, his reply was: that he did not know anything about missionary, but that Solly Pacific was good enough for him. On another oc casion this same planter was visited by the agent of the Christian Index, and his reply was ; that he did not know anything about Christian Index, but Solly Pacific was good enough for anybody. NETW SERIES, VOL. XXIV. NO. 7. Making. We kavo lately had the odoriferous pleasure of inspecting the extensive build ings and valuable machinery established by the Dickson Fertilizer Company cf this city, for the manufacture of their wdl known Dickson’s Compound and other preparations of like nature. This com pany is the pioneer manufacturing con cern of this section, and has grown in three years from a modest start in the hands of the firm of Shivers & Alexan der, to be the most comilete and thor ough and extensive establishment of the kind in Georgia ; now in the hands of tho Dickson Fertilizer Company, a joint stock organization, of which Mr. James T. Gardiner is the President. The enterprise originated, and business established by the first firm, by open and fair dealing, and honest preparation of a good manure, though the past seasons have grown to be great, and cow stand at the head of the trade ia fertilizers in Georgis. On account of t’ae low price of cotton and the want of means and credit, plan ters are generally indisposed to the use of guaucs the present year. List year there was a mania on the subject, aud there was not enough in all the market to supply the exorbitant demand. The Dickson Company last year sold out an extensive stock before tho season was half over, and was quite unable, with all its appliances, to meet the wants of its cut torn ers. The fertilizers generally were good, and the seasous auspicious and the gathering season was late and fair. The consequence is, there is too much cotton made, supply exceeds demand and priees arc low. For this state of affairs many persons utterly d—n guano, whereas, in truth, tho only difficulty is, they bought and used too much and too good guano. There is, however, a steady and relia ble custom for fertilizers among a large class of experienced planters, who have many seasons past from which to draw their experience, and who do uot so un reasonably curse guano for making much cotton. These are bnying and will buy as usual, to the extent of their means and wants. How many kinds of guano there are and the merits of them, we eonld not be gin to tell. In our advertising columns will he found the names of nearly every commission house in this city, each repe senting some standard manure, most of them long and successfully used, and all ot them good and worth their prices, as the results of using them on the past crop abundantly shows. There also is found the name of the Dickson Company with the well-known trade mark of the sweep. Asa home company, composed ot onr own people and dealing with our own people, we have taken much satisfaction in going over their establishment and seeing into the process of guano making. The superphosphating department is the first place in order, being on the canal aud accessible by the street cars. Here are three bone mills, and a magnificent ma chine for mixing with acid, all arranged with as much system and after the same style with a first-class flour mill. The first mill is a rough and powerful crusher which takes the raw bone in its first State, and of any size, and brings it down to scraps and slags. The grinding sur faces are of a peculiar character, patent ed, and as hard as metal can he made, even in these days of advanced mechani cal skill. But so heavy is the work they do, that these faces require to he renewed after six to ten tons of bone have passed through. . The scrap or slag bone, coming from this crasher, is next fed into a smaller mill, ot anew and different pattern, and is thence taken by elevators to the third story of the bu lline, where it passes through a fine wire bolter (No. 21). The remnant which is still tqo coarse to pass through so fine a bolter is now shed off, and passes dowD a feed pipe into an im mense pair of fine burr stones, which finally reduce it all to powder. A farmer’s eyes would water to see the finely prepared stock of bone as it oomos through this bolter, lyiDg, as wo saw it, in a bulk .of many tons, fine as the very dust, and ready for the application of the acid. As an evidence of the great labor and expense of reducing raw bone to this state, we may say, that the average daily result from all this machinery is but two tons of bone flour. On a floor just half a story below the bolter, is geared up the mixer, a huge re volving iron tub, capable of holding sev eral thousand pounds of bone flour, and within whieb are four large steel turning plows, whioh also revolve upon an axle, mixing the bone and acid together, as the tub goes round. The acid is weighed out and placed in a lead-lined trough near at hand, and flows thence by a pipe directly into tbe mixer. When this process is going on the fumes from the decomposing bone fill the room with a dense vapor so severe upon the lungs that we, like all others not some what accustomed to breathe it, had to withdraw a few paces. B / a conv niently arranged trap-door, in the bottom of the ouxir, the bone, now converted into the pure-t and richest soluble phosphate, is dropped steaming hot upon the floor btfow, where it is quickly banked up and let to lie far the benefits of tha continued action of the acid This hulk will retain its heat and acrid smell for many weeks, and the longer it lies so the more thorough the decompori tion that ensues. We say, without hesitation, we know of no place where «o pure and thorough a work is done in this line as here. Any one who examines tbe material used, an! the process it goes through, must concede that no improvement in the way of purity can be made; Toe piles of'old bone, as it accumulates in the bone shed at this work, is a matteJ of some curiosity. The company buys them from ail quarters, and still wants more, and yet it is surprising that such quantities can be so readily accumulated. Tho products of this supernhosuhating establishment are all used in the manipu lation of Dickson’s Gonpnund, and this is done at the lower mj! of the company, which is run by s'cam power. This mill is located on the line of the Central Rail road, just outride 'ho city limits ami fronting on South Bounduy street. It is a much more rx'onsive establishment than the bone mill above described, con sisting of two main buildings, rarallelto each other, 140 and 200 feet long respec tively, and 40 feet wide, besides the engine room and two smaller out-buddings. These were all erected in 1869 by tbe Dickson Company, the lot of five acres of land having been bought for the purpo-e- Throngh the lot run two railroad tracks, also built by the Dickson Company, one connecting with the brick yard, formerly DeLaigle’s, now Hallahan’s, and used by agreement for either party, the other leading directly between the two long main buildings, where all the outgoing and in coming freights of the Dickson Company are shipped or received immediately on or from the trains, on platforms constructed od a level with the ears. These railroad tracks connect by a switch at South Boundary street with the main line of the Central Road, and thence by the tracks of the Street Railroad Com pany, with all the depots in the city. All the transportation of fertilizers for the Dickson works, except what goes or comes on the Central Road, is done by the en gines of the Street Road, under contract. Without this facility, it would be difficult to secure the means of moviog the vast amounts of freight this company furnishe«. Within the two main'buildings of the Dickson Company above referred to, is conducted the whole process of manipula tion, by which is made the justly cele brated brands of guano, known as Dick son’s Compound, Diamond A Compound, and as well, also, many other formulas made up to order at request of customers, who desire special preparations, varying from the ordinary process. The machinery to be seen here, while, from unavoidable reasons, it has been adapted to the building, rather than the building to it, is still excellently arranged, thoroughly efficient, and for simplicity and economy in the plan and convenience to the work to he done, is a credit to our friend, Major Jas. A. Shivers, who, as we are informed, devised it. Ttie principal machine in this work s the large disintegrating and mixing mill, the construction of which it is diffi cult to explain in detail; out briefly, it may he said to he four wheels revolving one within the other, in opposite direc tions, by means of a series of hollow shafts, the surface of these wheels being of the toughest iron, and the outer circles or peripheries of wrought inch steel bars, the whole being cased underneath in a close iron hopper, from the bottom of which the elevators conduct, the pulverized guano to the bolter on the loft floor. When it is stated that this mill, or the four wheels that do the work, tly around at a speed of 000 revolutions per minute, in opposite directions, it w ill be readily perceived it is a powerful and efficient pul verizer. The hardest green flint rock, such as is often found in Peruvian Guano, is beaten to fragments, and passes up l>y the elevators, and is shed off as refuse from the bolter. Asa mixer, too, it is no less thorough than as a pulverizer and disintegrator. The capacity of this mill as it now runs is fully nine tons per hour, and with additional sets of elevators to keep the box clear. Major Shivers has no doubt the machine itself will carry through 200 tons in a fair day's work. To (secure uniformity of quality in all their preparations, the Dickson Company uses especial care to have all the material go into the mill in proper proportion. To this end, as we observid carefully in the process of manufacture, the ingredients for each bed are first carefully weighed out, and then spread in alternate layers over the floor, and bed placed on bed as last as it can bo weighed out and packages opeuod, and all flaa'ly shoveled up from the botton and harrowed or thrown to the mill. By this means ‘be several elements of the (Jompound-Pe ruvian Guano, plaster, dissolved bone, potash, salt, Ac., Ate., go in in proper degree. As they come from the mil! after passing through the bolter on the loft floor, and down, the spout and hopper arranged to receive it, the whole mass is thoroughly incorporated, of a uniform rich brown color, strong in all the ele ments of vegetable life and fine and diy, ready to pass easily through any guano drill or be spread by the hand. The bolter cleans out all the rock, and drops into the hopper only the pure dry ma terial for the planters’ use. The process is finished now by tho saokers, who draw the prepared com pound from the hopper directiy into the new strong bags, placed already on tha scales, filling each bag to the uniform weight of two hundred pounds and sew ing up with strong twine. Then, when or ders are in, aud oars at hand, thp bags are trucked on board immediately ana ship ped in fresh prime order, or else arc slow'd away in piles for shipment as occasions demand. The machinery for this manufacture is located in the lower ana smaller of the two main buildings. The upper and larger is the store house in which are kept the stock of material to be manufactured. The railroad track lies between the two buildings, affording equal facilities for loading and unloading from either plat form. The whole arrangement of the buildings and machinery shows an equal regard to both economy of .expenditure aud couveniency of work. There is noth ing for show, but everything neces sary to prompt and efficient accomplish ment of business. We find the store house of tho company contains a very moderate quantity of material in proportion to that of last year. The present restriction upon the trade was foreseen to be a certain result of the low ruling rates of cotton, and the Dickson Company have provided only lor very limited sales. Last year nearly six thou sand tons of their various brands of fertili zers were shipped from this esrab ishment, almost all of which was placed in Middle and Lower Georgia, aud Upper South Carolina, though some extensive ship ments were made to North Carolina and Virginia, and at many points in the West and Southwest, several car loads be ing sold in Louisiana. The returns from these thousands of tons have been as satis factory, we venture to say, as could occur in any business. Hundreds of letters, from every State betwoen Virginia and Texas, are fded in the company’s office, all testifying to the best results oil corn, cot ton, grain aud tobacco, from the applica tion of these fertilizers. Tho cases of failure are also reported, and can be more than counted on the lingers of one hand, and all fairly attributable to a definite local cause. The officers of this company have never solicited, and do not publish any certificates from planters; yet, they have reports for their own information from nearly all their customers and from every section,* and note as well the very rare complaints that reach them as they do the reports of successes. Certificates in the original they have, and will take pleasure in showing, but it is not thought any advantage to publish them, as lew persons are influenced in this way. Plant ers are invited to visit and inspect their works, and see the material used and process of manufacture of their fertilizers, and those who will do so, seeing as wo have seen, wall need no proof of the fact that their guanos are pure, aud must re sult well. The trade in guano will probably never again reach the extent that it did last year, unless unusual stimulus should occur in the way of high prices for cotton. While the staple rules at from 14 to 20c., probably this season’s business wiil indicate nearly the average extent of guano sales for years to come. The excite rnent has passed away, the relapse and piostration are now upon us, and the present bitter experience will remain to counteract future tendencies to over-cropping in Fertilizers will be always wanted, by a majority of planters, but each will use in moderation, and with reference to his ability to pay. The purposes of the President of the Dickson Fertiliz r Company anticipate a steady and reasonable demand in ‘he future for good fertilizers as for inner standard wares and merchandise, and the business contemplated bv him is not. tran sient but permLnent. Therefore, iiy care ful attention to the purity and excel once of his manufactures, it is proposed to establish and maintain a character and influence in the trade that will secure a reliable and safe business in the future. Dicksons Compound and the trade mark: of the company are not patented for any temporary purposes of sadden and great profits, but will be permanent features in the trade, and the value and significance of the brand will be maintained with the same jealous care that in years betore the war placed Mr. Gardiner iu such promi nent and enviable position in connection with the cotton-commission business in Augusta. We take pleasure in commending the Dickson Company, after an elaborate m vestigation of its system of business trod its manufactures, feeling assured, from what we know and have seen, that there is no attempt or wish to do anything less than a fair and legitimate busine- . in which their customers will lose nothing. Our own citizens own and control the whole affair, and the addition it makes to the trade of the city of Augusta is very considerable. It is no small guarantee of safety to the planter to buy of our own borne people, woo have character aid busi ness to maintain, aril who are on hand al ways to be held to account when any one inadvertently suffers at their hand-. Agencies lcr the sale of these fertilizers are established at most of the towns and cities in Georgia, and are thoroughly ad vertised in our country exchange?. Circular pamphlets arc mailed gratis oa application to any part of the country, containing full accounts of the company’s manufactures, methods of using guanoe, valuable tables of measurement of laud, length and width of rows, &e., for uje it; a ( plying fertilizers, tables of freights by railroad to all points on fertilizers, &c., &c. Fit nters from any Bection visiiiiig our city are invited to call at the office of the Company, at No. 4 Warren Block. The New Delaware Senator.— There were many remarkable circum stanoes in connection with the Senatorial election in Delaware. Although every member of the Legislature i.-> a Democrat, a Democratic caucus was held, and strange to say, the three candidates before it were all Sauisburys, and brothers. All the members of the Legislature were present. The following table shows theresu-t of the four ballotiDgs, the fourth and final one electing Eli over Gove by a vote o; 16 to 14: Fir it. Second. Third. Fourth Willard Saulsbury... 13 i3 14 0 Gove Saulsbury 14 14 15 14 J?li Saulsbury 33 1 16 The bombardment of Belfort continues.
