OLD SEBIES, VOL. LXXVIII.
€ hanicle &
0
TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION.
DAILY.
One month $ I
Three month* 2 50
One year -- 10 00
XBI-WEE&L.Y.
One year $ 0 00
Hi i moutba S 50
Three month - 2 00
WEEKLY.
Three months . t 1 00
Mix months 1 50
One year 8 00
WED SKSD4 y MORNING, JUNE 21.
ANOTHER NJ£W DKPAKTVSK.
The Philadelphia Press, of 7th June,
makes the following annoancement, be
yond doubt official, althongh It bears
neither the imprimatur of President
Grant nor Winchester Rifle Scott, general
commanding Grant’s picket post in South
Carolina; nor of Belknap, Secretary of
War; nor of General Dent, Lord High
Chamberlain :
“ For the purpose of more thorough or
ganization and united effort, au address
has been issued to the colored citizens of
the States of Alabama, Arkansas, Dela
ware, Florida, Georgia. Kentucky, Louisi
ana, Tennessee, Maryland, Mississippi,
Missouri, North Carolina, South Carolina,
Texas, Virginia, West Virginia, and the
Territory of Columbia, inviting them to
send delegates—one from each Congres
sional District—to meet in convention at
Columbus, (Columbia?) South Carolina,
on the 18th of next October. ”
Now, we rather like this idea ; and for
the purpose of seeing fair play suggest
Christmas as the appropriate day for the
conventions so as to give “ all hands aud
the cook” an opportunity of being present.
An earlier day than Christmas may sub
serve the interests of a few “ loyal” well
paid city loafers and hangers-on who have
had already their share of the spoils, and
the attendance of a few figure heads of
the revenue and post office department
ami defunct scalawag legislatures, who
have never kupwn a day’s work since
“ mancipation,” but it would be unjust to
the honest worker of the corn and cotton
fields. To these industrious, honest plow
holders, the selection of an earlier day is
depriving them of their just rights and
privileges. It is time that they had some
share of the spoils which Bontwell and
Jay Cooke and all the rich Radicals are
disbursing. Turn about is fair play. It
i» true that some sops should be placed
within reach of honest hands —and they
should receive nine dollars a day with all
expenses paid. Therefore 18th October is
u fraud upon them, because it is the very
time when the harvest is upon them.
They, therefore, cannot leave homo upon
the 18th of October, and this the
“ suckers’’ knew when they and the
Philadelphia Prm selected that time.
Forney, the editor of the Prm , is an old
politician now holding an office worth
tens of thousands a year to him. It is
very natural that he should like to retain
his “ tit,” hut it is also time that the roast
beef should be evenly divided.
rilK NMV VI)Ilk TRIBUNE'S COBRKS
I’OMH.M K FROM AUUCBTA.
Wo republish, in this issue, two letters
iroin Augusta to the New Y ora Tribune.
Mr. E. D. Smalley, the accomplished
correspondent, dagucrrotypes tbo various
views of the different individuals whom
ho met, and gives his own deductions of
oourse, being the Vribmes oorrospondeot,
the Tribune's line. He oould not do
otherwise. Nevertheless wo think ho failed
to ke*. t> * n view, or rather his letters as
they appear, fail to give due prominence
to the well known, and we believo the only
sound political axiom, the centie of indi
vidual interests is the oontre of political
. fluonce. But the Tribune and their
correspondent may rely upon it that that
which the Tribune has labored for so many
long years, so unremittingly ond so as
siduously —“ the dostruotion of Southern
chivalry”—has been accomplished, and
that if there is one disposition that pre
lofninatos more than another at the South,
it is that which leads to tho adoption of
the traditional policy of the Government
of Russia—to regard none as friends ex
cept those identified by interest. Com
menting upon this correspondence, the
•editor of the Tribune says:
“ Our correspondent’s letters from Geor
gia, published this morning, do not furn
ish a very encouraging view of the con
dition of things in that State. What with
she weeding-out processes of tho Ku-Klux
aud dissensions among tho Republicans
themselves, our friends do not possess a
very cheerful outlook. The evidence that
a system of moral terrorism does exist in
Georgia, to the severe suppression of the
negro vote, is too oouvincing to permit ot
giuoh discussion now- A vigorous ap
plication of the Ku-Klux law will ma
terially mend matters; and there have
been some indications of late that a iittlo
practical wisdom will be infused into the
management of Georgia Republican poli-
(108-
Wo are utterly at loss to roach tho deduc
tion which is hero made that a system
ut "moral terrorism" (what ever that
may bo, and however it may affect the
African pereanium) rxists in Georgia.
We have, however, this ‘‘moral’’ advan
ce or influence with the colored troop*,
wo have never deceived them—never
afraid to lead where we ask them to follow;
uover have made them promises on the
stump which have been falsified in the
legislative Hal!*, in the Court House
and io private life—never have held out
golden promises and afterward* sapped
their private individual internets. And
while we have never exalted them as ito
salt of the earth, we have never depre
ciated their true merits, and .give them
credit for seeing tueir interests when
they come to buy whiskey, salt, iroo,
calico, quinine and a hundred other
articles, they contrast the prices of
Democratic rule with Radical adminis-.
(ration. But we would ask. how it is that
the Tribune, in oue breath advocates
Peaoe and Universal Amnesty and in the
D«xt a rigorous execution of the Ku-
Klux Outrage Bill? Hoes the Tribune
desire a Seminole war, or a Spanish guer
rilawarf
.Major General Hancock. The
f r i em .'s of this distinguished Federal Gen
eral not more distinguished as a soldier
in the titoo of war than as a bold, fearless
officer who icoogniied his obligations to
civil liberty at the end of war-are taking
steps to bring bis name prominently before
the people as a Democratic candidate for
the Presidential chair. We acknowledge
the receipt of a copy of a pamphlet enti
tled "The Civil Record of Major General
Winfield S. Hancock, during b» Admin
•Utration ia Louisiana and Texas,
record, made up irons the letters and mil
itary orders of Genera! Hancock, wriUea
in that dark period of military role im
mediately succeeding the termination of
the war, i*. one which General Hancock
»Dd his friends may feel more proud of
than his military record, however brilliant.
The following extract from General Han
cock’s orders, November 29,1867, written
in the midst of this era, is a fair exponent
and illustrates the lofty cliaraoter and pur
poses of the soldier who did not forget
that he was a citizen: "The right of trial
by jury, the habeas corpus, the liberty of
the press, the freedom of speech, the nat
ural rights of persons and property, must
be preserved."
THE COMMUNE’S PYKE.
FULL DETAILS OF TIIE HORRIBLE
SCENES IN PARIS.
A WEEK OF BLOOD AND FIRE.
Graphic Description of Events that
Will Live in History.
The Communists Hunted Down.
Destruction of the Tuileries. the Hotel de
VUle, Palais Royal, Aiotrs Dame ,
Sainte Chapelie. Ministry of Finance .
Council of Stale, the Luxembourg and
SorlAenne— Intensely Dramatic Inci
dents, dec-, <tc.
[ Concluded ]
arrest of women.
Friday Morning. —The barricade fight
ing has by no means been so awfnl a thing
as we have been led to expeot, for windows
have not been used to &Dy great extent to
fire from, and a bigh wall of sandbags is
ample protection for a dosen men. On
my return homewards I met many parties
of prisoners being conducted to prison—a
great many of them well dressed men, with
silver-headed walking-aticks and patent
leather boots. There was one group de
filing down the Rue de la Paix that was of
peculiar interest, calling down even a
greater number of curses and biases than
usually accompanies their progress. It
consisted of some twenty or thirty girls,
well dressed and pretty, shop-women of a
Sewing machine establishment, who were
accused of having inveigled a company of
soldiers within their doors, and, after dal
lying with them like Judiths, of having
poisoned them all in wine. The youßg
ladies tripped along, surrounded by a
cordon of guards, smiling ou the crowd
that was execrating them, and matching
gaily to the Plaoe Vendome, where they
probably were shot. The women of Paris
have appeared late upon the scene, but
their appearance was inevitable. Many
have been killed on barricades, some in
open street combats, but their special work
has been the organization of the system of
fires, which has, unfortunately, answered
but too well. Throe hundred women dress
ed in National Guard uniform have been
taken down the Seine in boats, and, it is
said, that many of the sham sailors who
defended the Rue Royale so bravely were
women in disguise. Near the Paro Mon
eeau a melancholy episode occurred. A
husband and wife were seized and ordered
to mareb towards tbe Plaoe Vendome, a
distance of a mile and a half. They were
both of them invalids, and unable to walk
so far. The woman sat down on the curb
stone and declined to move a step, in spite
of her husband’s entreaties that she would
try. She persisted in her refusal, and
they both knelt down together, begging
the gendarmes who accompanied them to
shoot them at once, if shot they wero to be.
Twenty revolvers were fired, but they still
breathe!, and it was only at the second
discharge that they finally sank down dead.
The gendarmes then rode away, leaving
tbe bodies as they bad fallen. Tbe streets
on the other side of the river present even
a more piteous spectacle than those of the
Quartier Rivoli. The fine publio buildings
along the quays are still smoking, while
tho Rue du Bao and the greater portion of
the Quartier Bt. Germain are-a mere heap
of ashes. Bodies lie in dozenß along the
river bank, where they will eventually be
buried, and more bodies oooupy a space in
front of the Eoole Militaire, among guns
and caissons and baggage wagons-
DEATH STALKS EVERYWHERE,
and it is impossible almost to make a step
without coming upon traocs of popular
revenge- It appears that it was discussed
by the members of the Communo whether
it were preferable to burn or to blow up
Paris. Meroifully, tho former pled was
chosen, but mines have been discovered
leading from the Hotel do Ville to the
Louvre, whioh seem to point to an idea of
finally concluding their reign with an ex
plosion as soon as their great stronghold
should become untenable. Plans too
aye been discovered among their papers
for Lying wires in the sewers, which
should by a complicated arrangement of
galvanic batteries oommunic&tc with de
pots of piorate of potass and blow up tbe
whole of the great city at the same in
stant. People have long said that there
was a presentiment of danger in the air,
but it remained for the members of the
Commune to show us how vast and diabo
lioal a scheme of destruction they were
capable cf inventing, but, fortunately, not
putting into execution.
THE BOULEVARDS.
The aspect of the boulevards is the
strangest sight imaginable. I followed
them from tho Porte St. Martin to the
Rue ds la Paix. They were fighting at
the Chateau a’Eau, and without either a
pass or ambulanee brassard a nearer ap
proach to tbe soene of aotion was unde
sirable ; indoed, until reoently the shells
had been bursting here in every direction,
and their holes might be seon in the centre
of those pavements heretofore saored to
the flaneurs ot Paris. Strewn oyer tne
streets were branohes of trees ; and frag
ments of masonry that had been knocked
from the houses, bricks and mortar, torn
proclamations, shreds of clothing half con
cealing blood stains, were now tho inter
esting and leading features of that fash
ionable resort; foot passeugers were few
and far betweon, the shops and cates
hermetically sealed, excepting where bul
lets had made air holes, aod during my
whole afternoon’s promenade I only met
three other oirriages beside my own- ’I bo
Place de l’Opera was a camping ground of
artillery, the Plaoe Vendome a oonfusion
of barricades, guarded by sentries, and
the Rue Royale a mas; of debris. Look
ed at from tbe Madeleine tbe desolation
aod ruin of that handsome street were
lamentable to behold. The Plaoe de la
Conoorde was a desert, and in the midst
of it lay tho statue of Lille with the head
off. The list time that I looked on that
fair faoe it was covered with crape, in
mourning for the entry of the Prussians.
Near the bridge were twenty-four corpses
of insurgents, laid out in a row, waiting
to be buried under the neighboring paving
stones. To the right the skeleton of the
Tnileries reared its gaunt shell, the frame
work of the lofty wing next the Seine
still standing; but the whole of the roof
of the oentral building was gone, and day
light visible through all the windows
right into the Place de Carrousel. Gen.
McMahon’s headquarters were at the
Affaires Etrangere*, which were intact.
After a visit there, I passed the Corps
Legislatif also uninjured by fire, but much
marked by shot and shell, and so along
the qnais the whole way to the Mint, at
which point Gen. Vinoy had established
his headquarters. At the corner of the
Rue de Bac the destruction was someth
ing appalling. The Rue de Bac is an
impassable mound of ruins, lifteeu or
twenty feet high, completely across the
street as far as I could see. The Legion
d’Honneur, the Gours dee Comptes, and
Conseil d’Etat were still smoking, but
there was nothing left of them but the
blackened sheila of their noble facades to
show how handsome they had once been.
At this point, in whichever direction one
looked, the same awful devastation met
the eye—to the left the smoulderidg Tuil
eriee, to the right the long line of ruin
where the fire had swept through the
magnificent palaces on the quai, and
overhead again to-day a clond of smoke,
more black and abundant even than yes- j
terday, incessantly rolling its dense voi- j
umes from behind Notre Dames, whose
two towers were happily standing unin- j
jured. This fire issued from the Grenier
d’Abondance and other buildings in the j
neighborhood of the Jardjp des Plantes.
In another direction the arsenal was also
burning. One marked result of a high j
state of civilization is that it has furnished
improved facilities for incendiarism, which
seem to have been developed even more j
completely than the means of counteract- -
ing them.
DETAILS OF THE FIGHTING IK THE CITY.
Versailles, Tuesday, May 23—2:15 r- ;
m. —It may be desirable that I should add j
some particulars to the account I have al- |
ready given in the way in which the troops
moved from the enciente to the different
positions they occupied in Paris last night.
The first column, proceeding between the
railway and the fortifications, made its way
from Autenil to La Muette; the second,
starting from Auteui l , threw down a bar
ricade which had been erected behind the
railway arch, and, taking the Rne Ray-
Dooaid and the Rue Franklin, proceed'd
by the high groand to the Trocadero. This
march was not a rapid one, because at
every step precautions had to be taken
against snares that might have been laid
by the insurgents. The artillerymen and
the engineers
ENTERED the houses on the terraces,
and examined the powder stores in the
Rue Beethoven, in order to ensure the
column against an explosion. The thud
1 column, setting out from the Point da
Jour, marohea along the quays to the
Bridge of Jena. At this point there was
a junction of the three columns, ana a line
ot occupation from Passy to the river side
at that bridge was established. The fourth
column crossed the river at the Point du
Jour, and marched along the quay of Gre
nclle. Upoi entering the Champs de
Mars they found that tho insurgents were
encamped in considerable force there.
Skirmishers were thrown out, and opening
fire they drove out the enemy without any
serious difficulty, although tbe latter had
a park of artillery.' The insurgents show
ed fight for some time, and'a struggle was
maintained on the right of
THE CHAMPS DE MARS,
1 where the temporary wooden barracks
have been erected. The insurgents form
ed in a soxt of hollow square at the four
sides of the portion of the gronnd which
for some time has been covered with ar
tillery caissons, and responded (o the at
tack upon them by a vigorous fire, but be
ing opposed on two sides by an overwhelm
ing force, they gave way, without any very
great loss on either side. The tri-color was
planted on the Pavilion d’Ecole,
IN THE CHAMPS ELYSKES.
From the Arc de Tricmpbe there was no
lighting down the Champs Eiysees, but
theTC was a struggle at the Palais de
before the troops obtained
possession of that building. Under the
orders of certain members of the Com
mune, the insurgents resisted with a mus
ketry tire. Montmartre kept firing in the
direction of the l'rocadero throughout tbe
day. Its fire did not kill or wound many
men, but it retarded tho advance of the
troops towards the heart of the city.
The fire which I mentioned in one of
my dispatches yesterday, as having been
seen by me from the Viaduct of the Point
du Jour ? was caused by the blowing up
of the riding-school of the Eoole d’Etat
Major, which was filled with cartridges.
SURROUNDING MONTMARTRE.
7:45 P. M. —Immediately on the dis
patch of my last telegram I went into
Patis, where for some hours I witnessed
tjie fighting. I found that early this
morning all tbe important positions of
Montmartre bad been taken by tbo two
corps d’armeeof Generals Douai and Lad
marault. Tho latter General had occupied
tho station of Sf. Onen and the Place of
Clichy, and be had advanced to Mont
martre by an external movement, keeping
for some distance outside the ramparts.
At the same time General Douai made a
direct movement from inside the city by
the Parc do Monceaux. In this manner
Montmartre had been almost entirely sur
rounded. There was a hard contest but
the troops succeeded in entering tho
Buttes. A large number of the insur
gents were killed in the action, and about
tour thousand were made prisoners. Tho
number of cannon and mitrailleuses taken
was very considerable, amounting to some
hundreds. All the time I was in the city
severe fighting was going on
ACROSS THE PLACE* DE LA CONCORDE
between the insurgents occupying the man
sion of the Ministry of Marine, at the
corner of the Rue Royale, and the troops
on the other side of the river in the Pal
ace ol tho Corps A gunboat
which the insurgents had under the Pont
Royal, close io the Tuileries, was firing
constantly. The insurgents in the Rue de
Voli and the Garden of the Tuileries were
using mitrailleuses and rifles, and the
troops along the boulevard at the edge of
the Plaoe des Invalides, cl ise to the river,
were attacking them with four-pounder
guns- FoitVanves was firing on tbe in
surgent positions in the neighborhood of
Montrouge and the Faubourg St. Germam,
and tbo federalists were shelling Vanvos
from Forts Montrouge aud Bioerre. There
was musketry skirmishing at various points
in the Faubourg St. Germain. The in
surgents occupy houses, from which they
keep up a rap’d fire to impede the rnaroh
of General Cissey’s troops. Among the
prisoners taken tc-day many have been
recognized as old Rods who were actively
engaged in the insurrectiou of June, 1848.
DYING AGONY OF THE COM
MUNE.
The Climax of Fraternal Hate—Accounts
by Correspondents with Each Side—
Desperate Resistance of the Federals —
Burning of the Tuileries, the Louvre,
and the Hotel de Ville.
Paris, May 22 —Night.—During the
night the rapel has been beating, the toc
sin sounding. The inhabitants looked
timidly through their windows from be
hind the closed shutters. All who oould
avoid turning out were anxious to do so.
As brilliantly rose the sun —it was a warm
May morning—an omnibus packed with
dead passed my house. I mounted beside
the driver. Heavy fighting, I was told,
was going on. \ vague report was our
ront that the Versatliais had entered by
four gate o . La Muette, St. Cloud, Maillot,
and Lcs Ternes. National Guards declar
ed that six men alone remained at the gate
Li Muette filing through loopholes.
It was still early when I left my home.
Omnibuses aud cabs had been stopped ;
the shops wore closed. Iu all directions
scared inhabitants, in various stages of
nudity, were at their windows peering
anxiously forth and talking across the
streets.
The French certainly are an extraordi
nary people, for even in the midst of shells
and bloodshed cocottes are at a premium,
and out at an early hour : with bouquets
in their hands they were smiling in ex
pectation of returning customers. As I
neared the Place de l’Opera the cannons’
roar became more distinct, and at the side
of the streets and boulevards knots of peo
ple were getting under shelter, peeping
round the corners in the direction of Ver
sailles.
1 made my way towards the Place des
Victoires, and met several battalions, with
their drums beating, bugles sounding, and
flags flying, marching to the front, headed
by vivandieres, with rifles slung on their
shoulders. Further on, in spite of falling
shells, an old woman was crying crabs and
shrimps for sale. The Hailes Centralles
were crowded with market people and
purchasers of meat, vegetables, fruit, cher
ries, green gooseberries, fresh tisli, and
flowers, in profusion. More battalions
were just then passing to the front, many
aged men being in the ranks, shouting
“ Vive la Commune /” with, however, but
little response from the crowd. Barri
cades were being erected everywhere. In
the Boulevard Sabastopol and adjacent
streets, bill-stickers were posting placards
from the Committee of Public Safety, as
follows :
“ Let all good citizens arise. To the
barricades! The enemy is within our
walls; no hesitation! Forward for the
republic! for the Commune, to arms! ”
Traversing the Boulevard Sebastopol I
found the precincts of the Hotel de Ville
surrounded with National Guards. At
every outlet barricades were being con
structed with paving stones and earth dug
from gardens ; round the Tour St. Jacques
men, women, and children were working
willingly or forced to do 60 by National
Guards; everybody was stopped and made
to bear a hand. Thanks to ray green
card, hearing the stamp of the Committee
of Public Safety, War Office, Prefecture
of Police, Ac. I penetrated without diffi
culty to the Place de l’Hotel de \ ille,
which was crowded with troops. On the
Place a large pool of blood marked the
spot where a Versaillais, taken prisoner,
was shot this morning for having killed
two National Guards on the Champ de
Mars. ,
There was great animation on the Place.
Workmen, assisted by National Guards,
were completing the demolition of the
statne of Henri Quatre, in front of the
Hotel de Ville. A deputation of women
arrived at the Committee of Public Safety,
advocating resistance to the last. Mount
ing the staircase to the throne room, I
found it crowded with National Guards,
women making innumerable demands—
lan clamoring for admittance to the eom-
Felix Pyat passed through, looking firm
| and determined. Somebody asked tor
! pews. Pyat answered, “Alas . what can
isay?” In the committee rooms j»li was
j confusion. ..... • -ui
; At the Hotel de V ille it was impossible
■to obtain information. All were taking
iat ocoe. Outside the people were work
! ing hard at the barricades. I saw several
persons arrested and forced to work. They
were digging and wheeling earth at the
i corners of the Rue Rambuteau and Rue
St. Manic. Wine barrels were taken
forcibly from some of the shops and filled
with stones to make barricades. At Forte
] St, Martin enormous barricades were form-
ing.
The Versailles came in by the Porte
d’Autenil this morning at 1 a. n>- Th g
Forty-third Regiment of the Line was the
first that tntered, then another regiment,
followed by gendarmes. The Oae Hun
dred and Sixth Battalion of the National
Guard, left to defemd the gate, abandoned
it through treason or fear. Ac officer of
Bergeret’s staff declares that the same
battalion fired on him at 10 a. ro. from
houses near the Boulevard Malesherbes.
The battalion is supposed to be reactiona
3. Wheu the Versailles troops entered
ontretout was still firing.
AUGUSTA, GA., WEDNESDAY MORNING, JUNE 21,1871.
DOMBROWSKI,
who was sleeping at the Chateau de la
Muette, was warned of their approach by
J the sound of firing. He was nearly sur
rounded in the Chaussee de la Mnette,
j leading from the Chateau to the Trooa
dero, which was already occupied. Dom
browski and his staff abandoned their
horses, burned all their papers, descended
into tbe cutting of toe Chemin de Fer de
! Ceinture, about twenty feet deep, went to
wards the Maillot Gate some distance,
then dimed out, passed through gardens,
and escaped to the Place Veodome, where
they arrived af 3:3U, a. m. The Versailles
troops occupied the whole of the upper
part of tbe city to the Arc de Triompbe,
and sholled the Place de la Concorde.
The Corps Legislatif which is riddled,
and also the Eooie Militaire, are on fire, as
well as tbe Mmisiere de Finance; both
still burning. The Rue de Rivoli is fall of
debris of houses smashed by shells. Dr.
Ramsay, of the American ambulance, was
killed in the Roe de Rivoli. Throughout
the day the barricade at the corner of the
Rue de Rivoli and Place de la Concorde
was shelling the Trocadero. At noon Ber
geret took command of the ’J uileries and
the barricade ia tbe Rue de Rivoli. His
headquarters are in the Emperor’s eld
apartment?. He had been driven out of
tbe Corps Legislatif, where his head
quarters were, by tho Versailles shells.
THE GRAND FINALE.
List if the Prominent Dead—List of
Buildings Destroyed—How Thiers Might
Have Averted All This.
[From the World's Correspondent .]
Paris, May 26. —And now I must re
cord an event which will not be forgotten
when M. Thiers comes to settle his ac
count with France, with the world, and
with God. Up to this moment the loss
of life and property had been small, and
had the struggle been now ended all wouls
have, been comparatively well. It had
transpired that M. Thiers had offered to
him the option, on Tuesday night, of end
ing the. conflict without the loss of another
life. Qa this night Delescluza, .who has
been the leading spirit in the whole of the
horrible scenes ot this memorable week,
contrived to send a message to Marshal
McMahon and M. Thiers, offering to sur
render on condition that the lives of all
his colleagues and followers should be
spared. J. confess that it was a difficult
point to decide, and that it is easy to be
wise after tho event; but in the light of
what has happened it is clear that it would
have been well to have closed with this
offer. It was, however, refused with dis
dain and contempt. M. Thiers, McMahon,
and all tho generals believed that in a vety
few hours more their troops would be able
to carry all the positious held by the in
surgents, and tho thirst of vengeance was
strong within them. So they refused to
listen to any proposals, and went on with
their preparations to shut up the insur
gents as in a trap, and to catch every one
with them. It was a dangerous thing to
do; it is always dangerous to drive a man
into a corner ; the gieatest coward when
driven to desperation will do desperate
things. And as the result has proved,
this decision was more than dangerous—it
was fatal.
The artillery firing through tbe streets
continued after dark, aud in fact all night
long. But between 9 and 10 o’clock the
Communists abandoned their great barri
cade at the head of the Plaoe de la Con
corde, and fell back to tbe Tuileries. Tbe
troops did not follow them immediately,
but shortly before 11 o’clock their sen
tries saw a tongue of flame spring from
one of the windows ot the southwest
wing of the Tuileries. In a very few mo
ments tlie whole of the upper portion of
this wing of the palace was in a blaze,
and it became but too evident that the
Communists, having resolved to abandon
this position also, had at the same time re
solved to destroy it. I regret to be com
pelled to say that this act was one of pure
malice. The evacuation of tbe Tuileries
by tbe Communists was a military ne
cessity at least, they deemed their posi
tion there too dangerous to be longer
maintained. But they had also resolved
to fall back to the Hotel de Ville, and the
Tuileries was not a fort whose guns could
be turned upon the Hotel de Ville to ren
der their position there untenable. Nev
ertheless, upon its destruction they were
bent, and they accomplished it. The
palace had been somewhat injured by tbe
shells of tbe Versailles during the night,
and it was at first thought that these shells
had caused tbe conflagration which now
began to rage. It has been ascertained
that this was not the case. The Com
munists who held the Tuileries were com
manded by Bergeret, and, to his eternal
infamy, it was by his orders that the
destruction of the palace was accomplish -
ed. As if in anticipation of what now
was done, a great quantity of petroleum
had been brought to the palace and to the
other buildings occupied by tho Com
munists. Bundles of hay, saturated with
this petroleum, were placed all over the
palace ; the floors Were covered with the
fluid ; and then, as I have said, shortly
before 11 o’olock, the torch was applied.
The fire was then in the southwest wing
of the palaoe ; it rapidly made its way
northward, and at 2 o’clock, the whole
grand edifice was a mass of flame. Never
have 1 seen such a spectacle as this.
Heaven grant that I may never see such a
one again. I cannot write of it, even to
think of it terrifies me. The voice of the
flames was audible above the roar of ar
tillery and the rattle of musketry ; they
swept through the saloons, up the stair
ways, along that facade oi a thousand feet,
with a roar that could be heard a mile
away. Those who know what the Tuile
ries was can imagine what the sight of its
destruction must have beeD. To those
who do not know no words of mine can
convey an idea of the immeasurable awful
ness and pitifulness of the sight. At
about two o’olock —that is, when the fire’
had raged for three hours—the clock tow
er fell, and at daylight there was nothing
left of the palace but the blackened walls.
May 27. —Up to this time it has alto
been impossible to ascertain what has been
the fate of all the leaders of tho Com
mune. Some of them are still fighting at
the posts still held ; but many of the
more noted ones have been either arrested
or killed. The following is the most per
iect list l have been able to obtain ; *
Vicard, arrested in the Rue de l’Uni
versite.
Gustave Courbet, the artist who pro
jected the idea of destroying the oolumn
Vendome, died of poison after being ar
rested at Satory.
Raoul Rigault, Prooureur of the Com
mune, shot.
Napoleon Gaillard, Director of Barri
cades, shot after being arrested.
Cluseret, arrested and shot.
Amouroux, arrested.
Clement, arrested,
Gambon, arrested aud shot.
Jules Falles, arrested and shot,
Delescluze, arrested at Villers de Be!.
General Eudee, arrested.
Ranvier, arrested.
Pyat, arrested and shot. He was dis
guised as a beggar.
Brunei, shot.
Parisel, shot. *
Dombrowski, shot.
Lafrancais, arrested and shot.
Bousquet, arrested and shot.
Rochefort, arrested and in prison at
Versatile*.
Assi, arrested and in prison at Ver
sailles.
Vermorei, arrested.
Vermersch, editor of Pert Duchesne,
arrested,
Daraissiere, commander of the Com
mune gunboats, arrested-
Okolowiob, one of its Generals, arrested
and badly wounded.
C iptain Maljournal, arrested.
Megy, the assassic,-arrested.
Besides these, the troops have captured
up to thL time nearly 15,000 soldiers of
the Commune, and not less than three
hundred or three hundred and fifty wo
men, who were fighting by the sides of
their husbands or lovers.
I have also made out the following list
of the public buildings which have been
destroyed, and those which have been par
tially or entirely saved:
The Tuileries, wholly destroyed as far as
the Pavilion de Flore—all of the old buil
ding.
Toe Hotel do Ville, wholly destroyed
The Sainte Chapelle, saved.
The Palais de Justice, saved, partially.
The Bank of France, saved.
The Palais Royal, destroyed, partially.
TheTneatre Lyrique, destroyed.
The Theatre du Chatelet, destroyed.
The Theatre Porte St. Martin, destroy
ed.
The Louvre, nearly all saved; the hora
ry burned.
The Ga3 Works at Aubervilliers, de
stroyed.
The Hotel de Justice, destroyed.
The Church ot Bt. Eustache, partially
destroyed.
The Ministry of Finance, destroyed.
The Palais d’Orsay, destroyed.
The Cour des Comptes, destroyed.
Half the building on the Quai d’Oraay,
destroyed.
The Bibliotbeqne Nation ale, saved.
The Grand Livre, saved.
The Mont de Piete, Rue Blancs Man
teanx, partially destroyed.
The Madeleine, saved, but the columns
sadly defaced.
The Prefecture of, Police, destroyed.
The Grenier d’Abondanoe, destroyed.
The Entrepot des Vins, * Qnai St. Ber
nard, partially destroyed.
The Odeon Theatre, partially destroyed.
The Conciergerie, one tower destroyed.
The Pantheon, saved.
The Caisse des Depots Graineterie, de
stroyed.
The Garde Menble, destroyed.
As the conflagrations continue at the
present moment,; this list may still have
many sad additions. I am completely
worn out and must now try to sleep. If
my account of these six awfnl days seems
dull and tame, pray remember that there
are horrors which stun rather than excite,
and snob horrors are these which I have
witnessed.
[communicated. |
Georgia Ball road Policy—The Report of
May, 1871.
Editors Chronicle & Sentinel:
The main features of this report are :
Ist. It invites the attention of the Con
vention to a proposed increase of the capi
tal stock to $5,000,000.
2d. It refers to the loose of the State
Road, and _the action of this and other
Companies in relation thereto,
3d. It exhibits (in addition to the or
dinary coudcnsed statement) a revised
statement showing the present aotual
value of assets.
The object of tho proposed increase of
capital stock was to raise a fund for bank
ing purposes. A well considered oommu
munication in the Chronicle & Senti
nel advocated a stock dividend before tbe
introduction of new stockholders to share
in the large surplas fund of tbe Company.
In the Convention itself, in consideration,
of4 ho fact exhibited by tbe report that a
balance of $127,000 was added last year to
the surplus fund, already large, it was
proposed that it should not be farther in
creased out of tbe carnmgs of the road,
but that such earnings (after payment of
all expenses ordinary and extraordinary)
sflould be deolared in dividends, and not
added to the surplus fund.
' These topics involved the interest and
policy of the Company in a very funda
mental way, but the discission ot the en
dorsement of the State Road leaso was so
protracted and exhaustive as to over
shadow its own immediate policy, although
really more vital to the interest ot the
stockholders than any other subjeot pre
sented for their consideration.
Had the by-law of the company requir
ing the publication of the report and its
distribution among the stockholders in
advance of their meeting, boeb oomplied
with, valuable ends would thereby have
been subserved. This standing rule, how
ever, seems to meet with stand’ng non
compliance. Adherence to it would enable
the stockholders to understand their busi
ness and interests to much better advan
tage, and would prevent much crudo and
desultory discussiog. The mo?t important
topics would not be forced upon tho re
luctant and fatigued attention of the Con
ven i ion too late for full consideration and
patient thought. It is much to be hoped
that the rule will be observed hereafter
unless repealed. All the reasons for its
passage remain in full force —and were
strongly and even painfully exemplified
in the last Convention. Not only were
the important topics just named slighted
and passed over with little consideration,
but the important relations of the Com
pany to the Augusta and Macon and to
the Port Royal Railroad Companies were
hurried through in[ a perfectly hap-hazird
way—entirely unworthy of the occasion,
and their fate cot at all dependent either
on their own merits or any consideration of
the stockholders. Snoh chanoe judgments
and action would not occur were the rule
complied with, but timely discussion
through the press would enlighten the
stockholders in advance, and subjects
would assume something of their relative
importance when they met in convention.
The condensed statement of the condi
tion of the Company (not carried into full
details) would net as follows, in round
numbers;
The Road and outfit, with real estate and
Banking House $4,305,000
Materials, expenses, interest,&c. 170,000
Stocks.,. 948,000
Bonds 5b,000
Notes and Accounts 126,000
Cash and Gold 120,000
$5,719.000
Capital Stock $4,201,000
Surplus Fund, 626,000
Bonds 681,000
Floating Debt 120,000
Circulation 91,000
$5,719,000
The surplus fund, as stated above, is a
real surplus above all liabilities. After
payment of the bonds of the Company, its
floating debt and circulation, there is a
net surplus fund, at present actual valua
tion, of $626,000.
The item of circulation stands nominal
ly at $91,000, hut probably not 10,000 or
$15,000 of it will ever be called for. If this
be correct (and ils strong probability caD
be established by the diminished rate of
call for it, and by the experience of other
banks),the liabilities would be $75,000 less,
and the virtual surplus fund that much
greater —making in round numbers $700,-
000.
Another form of presenting the report,
showing the relation ot the Company to
its stockholders, debtors and creditors,
would boas follows:
Road, &c 4,305,000
Material, &c 170,000
Stock and Bonds 998,000
Cash and Notes 246.000
5,719,000
Capital stock—repre-
sented 4,200,000
Surplus, unrepresent
ed.... 700,000
Total due stock hold
er 4,900,000
Bonds i 681,000
Floating debt 138,000
Due creditors... 819
5,719,000
It will be observed that I rectify the
item of circulation according to the proba
ble fact of the case.
In revising the list of assets, one im
mense and overshadowing item was left
unrevised —still standing at what it stood
upon the book?. I allude to tho first and
great item of all, viz : The road and its
outfit, of which the nominal value is set
down at $4,156,000, and the real value at
the same. Is that sum the real value of
the road, correctly representing it or Dot i
Ido not propose going fully into the esti
mate, but am inclined to believe that ia
aDy viow of the case it is too low. W heth
er we consider what it actually cost (inclu
ding the so-called extraordinary expenses,
cairied into it from year to year, for de
pots, bridges, new aod larger stock of en
gines, cars, &c.,) as a criterion of
value, or whether what it would now
cost to build it, or what sum it could
pay interest on (regarding it as worth
what it could pay, say eight per cent.); in
either view it would be worth more.
If not worth but SIOO,OOO more than it
is set down at, the amount due stockhold
ers to be raised would be $5,000,000.
The amount of their property repre
sented by script is $4,200,000. This capital
stock does not fully represent the one item
of the road, and its outfit at actual value.
It does not so much as pretend to repre
sent the interest and profit of the stock
holders in the other assets of the Com
pany or surplus fund. The proposition for
a stock dividend is merely this : that the
certificate ot ownership should correspond
with the facts of the case. The stock
holders jnst as much own their respective
interests in the surplus fund as in the road
itself. It is their property, only their title
or certificate of ownership does not cover
it in such plain and clear terms as to make
it obvious to the reader or purchaser.
The proprietor of 42 shares of the stock
really holds property worth more than his
certificate shows. Now, to liquidate this —
for the Company to acknowledge its debt
to the stockholder —for the public to re
cognize and be informed of it in express
terms, and for the purchaser to know that
he buys 50 shares in value instead of 42,
is the object of representing the facts on
the certificate which purports to represent
them correctly, but in reality is mislead
ing, and misrepresents the truth of the
case.
It is obvious that such a correct repre
sentation would be of decisive and most
practical importance in the information it
[ gives both to the stockholder himself—to
the officers and agents of the road, and to
tbe public.
If tbe revised statement—with the recti
fications suggested— is correct, then every
holder of forty-two shares really owns
eight more shares on a eorreot representa
tion of his property.
His certificate reads substantially thus :
“A- B. is the proprietor of forty-two
shares of stock, in whioh SIOO per share
has been paid in;” whereas, the fact is
that A. B. 19 the proprietor of fifty
shares, on which SIOO per share has been
paid ; or else of forty-two shares, on whioh
sllß per share has been paid in.”
This payment by the stockholder has
been made by the reservation of prefits
from time to time.
The proposition to capitalize the surpltts
fund is no new thing in tbe history of
railroads, ot of the Georgia Road itself.
It is based on the most common sense
principles. The surplas is property. Tbe
fact that it is the result of gradual accu
mulation does not, impair its value. Whv
is the original certificate of stock givei ?
To inform 'all patties concerned of the
amount and value of the investment made
by the stockholder. If that investment
hta grown larger, the same reason applies
for enlarging the faoe of the eertifioate. It
is said that the effcot is substantially the
same, if loft unrepresented, because the
public can ascertain tbe real value, and
that the stock will rise in proper propor
tion per share. Practically this view is
not correct. But if it were, what harm
would there be in representing the real
state of the oase by the 'eertifioate whioh
purports .to represent it ? But the unrep
resented part of the stock is always under
suspicion, and justly so.
To illustrate: Suppose my neighbor,
A. B, owes me SI,OOO on an exact settle
ment, and I propose to get it cashed. I
go to a bank or to a broker, or money
lender, and propose to dispose ol this debt
ou A. B. On inquiry the lender ascer
tains that theaceouat between me and A. B.
is not liquidated, that I have not his note;
that in reality I have an account against
him for $1,500 and ho an account against
me for SSOO, and that tho SI,OOO I wish
to negotiate a loan for is tho balance be
tween us. I should be advised to effect
an exaot Settlement and get a note from A.
B. acknowledging, under his own hand,
what ho owes me—in a word “to get a
showing from A. B.” The public, espe
cially in this part of the country, which
does not deal largely in stock, is not com
posed of experts. A comparatively small
nutnbe. of persons can analyze a report
arid understand it thoroughly. But let
the Company itself, after such analysis,
acknowledge its obligation to the
stockholders in its certificate of stock, aod
it is all cleared up, and the negotiations
for a sale proceeds wich everything under
stood. This is what has occurred again
and again in Georgia and elsewhere in the
history of railroads, and of the Georgia
Railroad itself, and it is founded on good
sense and practical necessity. The term
“watering stock” has no application to
such a ease. In some Northern roads, the
stock certificates have been increased when
there had been no increase in assets.
This was a fraudulent misrepresentation.
What this Georgia Railroad did years ago,
and what is now proposed, is simply to
make the representation and the facts cor
respond, in order to avoid false and erro
neous impressions.
The eertifioate, as it now stands, does in
justice and represents falsely the value of
the stockholder’s interest. It should be
kept in substantial correspondence with
tbe facts.
What good consequences would flow
from the proposed correct representation
of the value ot the stook ? Tho following,
amongst others: An improvement iu the
convertible value of the stock, because of
tbo acknowledged and liquidated character
of the obligation: An improvement in the
management, because of the more fully
recognized and obvious amount of capital
on which to pay dividends, thereby an im
provement in the dividends themselves.
The public woulj have good and substan
tial reasons for a higher appreciation of
the stock, for it would really and practic
ally be worth more and pay more. Every
legitimate consequence of trath telliDg
would follow, and the evils of false repre
sentation be cured.
Let the stockholder consider these ques
tions ; What have I invested in actual
value 1
What, is script?
Does the real value correspond with the
represented value?
What does the road make in net profits?
What do I get in dividends ?
Onght the surplus fund to be further in
creased ?
Onght it to remain unrepresented ?
If unrepresented still, ought I not, at all
events, to get interest upon it ?
Would not the whole matter be better
understood by all parties if my script cor
responded with my property ?
Wcmld not the effort to pay dividends
on tbe actual value be greater, if the nom
inal value corresponded with the actual ?
I desired to go into a fall discussion of
the reDorts of several years past, and to
show the condition of the road and its
property thereby, but must reserve this for
a future occasion, Tbe report of 1871
shows that the extraordinary expenses will
herealter be less. Tho amount of new
iroD reported as needed for this year is
less than last. The stock ol new engines
is said to bo complete and satisfactory,
and this year will complete the payment
for them. The stock of cars is reported
large and adequate. New bridges aod
depots have been constructed. In a word,
tbe condition of the road and its outfit is
such as to involve less extraordinary ex
pense for the future than in the past.
Yet, after the payment last year of all ex
penses— ordinary and extraordinary, and
of- the dividend actually declared —the
surplus fund was increased by about three
per cent, of the capital stock.
It is to be hoped that this piling up of
unrepresented capital will cease, and that
either by an increased rate of dividend up
to tbe amouDt of actual Det profits, or
by the truthful representation of their
actual property’ and the payment of
dividends, as its actual instead of its nom
inal value, tho stockholders will realize
what their property is well able to pay
them. A Small Stockholder.
[communicated.]
The Tribune’s Letter.
Editors Chronicle & Sentinel ■
As to the letter of the correspondent of
the New York Tribune, published yester
day, it is proper to say that it is true iD
the main, but that much was said which
is not related. I excuse him, however, as
he may not have yet leaned the principle
that "suppressio veri e»t suggestio falsi."
There is one statement I, however,
feel it my duty to correct, and it is the
connection of the Hon. Alexander H.
Stephens with the sc-oalled irreconcilables.
The Judge, alluded to as making remarks
in this connection, made no reference to
Mr. Stephens further than to say that his
history of the war between the Statfes was
a true exposition of the nature ot our
Government, as originally founded, and of
the causes which led to the war. Further
than this no mention was made of Mr.
Stephens, flis is a name too saored with
Georgians to be referred to ever so slightly
in terms of condemnation, even by those
who may differ with him politically ever so
far. *
Postponfment. —The following letter
from Commissioners McCullough and
Castle, and Trustee Negley, will explain
the postponement of the drawing of the
Grand Gift Concert, to the 27th of July
next, and also afford additional evidenoe of
a determination to manage the concern
fairly:
Washington Crrr, June 1, 1871.
In consequence of the brief period be
tween the date of obtaining the permit
from the Commissioner of Internal Reve
nue (28th April, 1871,) and the day ad
vertised for holding the Concert, (7th
Jane, 1871,) the undersigned, Commis
siocers and Trustee, find it necessary to
postpone the Concert and distribution of
Gilts until the 27th of July next, as it
was impossible in so short a time to es
tablish agencies and complete the sale of
the advertised number of tickets.
Ia making this announcement, we are
pleased to state that the rapid sale of
tickets up to this date demonstrates the
publio confidence, and gives assurance that
there will be no need of further postpoue*
ment. The extension now made will, in
our judgment, be ample for the disposal of
the balance of tickets yet on band.
We will simply add, in conclusion, that
the proceeds are under the control of the
Commissioners, for the securiety of all
ticket holders. In all other respects the
published notices in relation to this Con
cert and Distribution will be carried out.
H. McCullough,
Geo. T. Castle, Commissioners.
Jas. 8. Negley, Trustee.
Home-made sewing silk is one of the
products of Harris county.
Columbus papers report eleven suooes
siye days of raitt
| From the New York Tril>une, June 9.]
In Georgia.
The Cotton Country—Low Prices of Land
Cotton Manufacturing m Augusta —
Northern Capital Desired.
[FROM OUR SPECIAL CORRESPONDENT ]
Augusta, Ga., June I.—The railroad
from Columbia to Aueusta, like ali other
railroads on which I travelled in
South Carolina, passes through a mo
notonous, sparsely settled country. Not
one acre in forty seen from the car windows
is under cultivation. For the fust thirty
miles one sees nothing but woods of
starveling pines, and the occasional cabins
and meager eorn-patehes of the low-down
people called “sand-hillers,” who, like the
trees, are stunted and scraggy. Their
faoe? are of the color of the yellowish sand,
from whioh they seem to have sprouted.
Further on, the country improves, and
there is an hoar’s stretch of well-tilled
farms, with large, comfortable farm
houses and numerous negro cabins. Tbe
soil is sandy, but when liberally fertilized
it produces fair crops of ootton. The few
fields of wheat and oats that I saw scarcely
promised to return the seed sown. Tho
cotton at this season is three or four inches
high, and all hands are busy hoeing and
plowing between the rows. I observed
fully as many negro women as men at work
in the fields, who guided tho shovel
nlows with tucked-up-skirts, showing their
bare, black loot and legs, or who swung
the heavy, clumsy hoes side by side with
their male-companions. Rartly were any
irhrre mgß -*o he SMB-at work about W
farms. I inquired the value of land of a
farmer who got on at one of tho stations.
He said that he had a little place of gne
hundred acres that we had just passed,
lying on the railroad a mile from the de
pot, that he wanted to sell at $lO an
aore. It was fair cotton land, was well
tenoed, and bad “ a right peart frame
house” on it, and a negro house, carriage
house, kitchen building, milk house and
other buildings. He said he owned more
than 5,000 acres of land. He had a place
six miles from the railroad of 2,800 acres,
with two good mill-sites, plenty of good
pine timber and considerable cleared land
that would make gaod cotton, whioh he
would sell for $2 an aore. He had lost
nearly $4,000 in his cottop crop last year
by agreeing in advance to pay his hands
22 cents a pound for their share of the
crop, which be was able to sell for only. 16
cents. All the planting in his neighbor
hood was done on shares, he said, and
none of the planters had made anything
last year.
At the station a blustering fellow, with
a- big revolver hung about his waist, strode
up and down tho platform, asserting with
proper oaths that no white man could be
a Radical, and it he said he was, he was a
d—d liar. " And no nigger is a Demo
crat,” he added. “I don’t care what he
says ; if’ h 8 calls himsclt a Democrat, he’s
a d—d liar. No white man would want
to eat, and sleep with such fellows as
those,” pointing to three negroes who
had just finished unloading Some freight,
“ and that’s why I say no white man can
be a Radical; and if he says be is, he
lies. There’s that gentleman,” indicating
me, “ he’s no Radical: and if ho says so,
he’s a liar.” The fellow’s political har
angue was here the whistle
of the locomotive, aud I was not sorry to
leave him to finish it to the three negroes,
who appeared to be attentive, though not
admiring auditors. For the last two
hours of the journey woods and swamps
predominated, and cultivated fields were
rarely seen. Eleven miles from' Augusta
we made a long halt at the only village we
had seen thus far, a place called Granite
ville, where there is a large cotton faotory,
employing nearly ali Hie inhabitants of
the village. A few miles further on there
is a handsome paper mill, and a compact
hamlet of 49 or 50 houses, all just alike,
inhabited by tho operatives. Augusta is
an old and quiet little city, stretching for
two miles along the bank of the Savannah
river, having some wholesale trado, a large
cotton shipping business, and an extensive
retail trade. A mile of solidly built
stores line the broad main street on either
side. The streets on whioh the best dwell
ings stand are laid out after the manner of
Unter den Linden, in Berlin, two rows of
fino trees skirting a iittlo grass plat iu the
center, with carriage ways on both sides,
separated from the sidewalks by other
rows of trees. Trio effect of these long
vistas of shade is very fine.
The city has always eDjoyed a steady,
slow, and sure sort of prosperity, aud be
fore the war possessed much accumulated
wealth. The path of destruction which
Sherman’s army made through Georgia
did not touch Auguita, and no blue-ooated
soldier visited it until after the peace.—
The citizens hope for great things from
tho development of the magnificent water
power furnished by the rapids of . the
Savannah River. Some use is now made
of this, by means of a canal construotcd
by tho city before tho war. This canal
runs a distance of seven miles, and affords
power enough to run two or three flour
mills aud a large cotton faotory; but the
power is scarcely suffisient for these, und
might be increased more than ten-fold.
This factory is the pride of tho city. It
has proved a notable financial suooess,
having paid a dividend of 20 per cent,
every year since the war, and be°idoe, ac
cumulated a surplus fund of $233,000,
which will bo devoted to enlarging its
capacity as soon as more water can be
obtained. The faotory contains 508 looms.
The number of hands employed is 489,
and tbe aggregate annual sales produce
over $1,000,000, the number of yards ot
cloth manufactured exceeding 8,000,000.
I visited the factory yesterday, and found
that for order, system, and comfort of
operatives, it oomparcs favorably with the
New England cotton mills. The opera
tives are nearly all women and girls, be
longing to the class of poor whites known
as “orackers,” the same raoe that inhabits
the sandy pine belt of country stretching
from North (Carolina to Mississ ; ppi.—
These were by no means handsome, but it
was plain that their factory life bad
brightened them into and elevated them
not a little in intelligence above their kin
dred in the "piney wood 0 .” The girls
ware neatly dressed in calioo, and each
one, bad taken off her shoes and set them
beside her loom, goiug barefooted for
greater comfort. A gentleman whom I
iound in the office told me that the rows
of comfortable two-story brick houses near
the factory were owned by the oompany
and rented to the operatives, and that
where a whole *amily worked in the mill,
a house was furnished them rent free. He
said the loom-girls,were paid by the piece,
and earned from $4 to $6 a week. Eleven
hours constituted a day's work. The
factory stock was worth 165, and was
nearly all owned in the oily,
The great success ot this enterprise is
stimulating others of like character, and a
company is now forming to put up a fac
tory with accommodations for 1,000 looms,
But the first thing to be done is to in* r
crease the water power, aod this the oity
proposes to do by enlarging the canal.
The Mayor, anxious that the people at
the North should know through the
Tribune something of the advantages for
manufactures possessed by Augusta, took
me up the canal in a boat, to-day, with a
party of a dezon prominent citizens, to
the rapids and dam from which the sup
ply of water is now obtained. At this
point the river is a quarter of a mile broad,
and falls nearly 40 leet in the distance of a
mile. The Mayor said that there was a
unanimous sentiment among the better
class of people in favor of the Northern
immigration. Especially did they want
men of capital to develop their manufac
turing resources. Most of the Northern
men who had thus far come to Georgia
had been penniless adventurers, whose
purpose was to enrich themselves at the
expense of the people, and leave with
their gains. The people wanted no more
of that kind, but they would cordially
welcome all respectable men who came to
make homes, and who brought something
with them. He said that, after the war,
there was naturally some bitterness of feel
ing against ail Northerners; but he be
lieved that had worn off, and that North
era people of good character would be
pleasantly treated, not only in business
relations, but also socially. The rest of
the party endorsed these views, and I did
not care to disturb the harmony of opin
ion by asking if a Northern man could re
tain his Republican politics and be active
in promoting the success of his party,
and at the same time enjoy social ameni
ties and business patronage. Inquiries I
bad made the day before had convinced
me that public opinion has not yet reached
this point,
We had a pic-nic at the Rapids, and the
editor of one of the city dailies, in propos
ing a toast to the Tribune as the great
organ of Northern opinion, made a little
speech in favor of fraternization between
the North and South. Running into
politics at the close, he said that if the
“New Departure’’ platform should be
adopted by the National Democratic
party, as he believed it would bo, all the
questions growing out of the war would
then be settled, and the South would
have no reason for supporting that party
more than the other. In such a case, he
thought, the Southern people should
NEW SERIES, VOL. XXIV. NO. 25.
identify themselves with neither until they
saw which would offer to do the most to
advance their industrial interests. That
party they should join, whatever its name.
The party that could givo the South ma
terial prosperity was the ono he should
vote with, whatever might be its antece
dents. This seemed to be pretty strong
doctrine for most of tho company, but no
body dissented from it.
A gentleman, wbo is one of the chief
organizers of tbe new factor; enterprise,
read a letter from a prominent New Eng
land manufacturer, who had lately visited
Augusta, offering to take $50,000 stock in
the new company, and to induce bis friends
to subscribe. In explanation of tho reason
why the great success of the old factory
had not sooner stimulated othpr enter
prises, one gentleman said thSf the recon
struction laws had taketi all' courage from
tho people for tho time. They did not
know what would become of the South.
Property fell, and the future looked so
dark that many people believed there
would be nothing left for white men to do
but loave the country.' Now there was a
more hopeful feeling, he Said, because it
was seen that the intelligence end prop
erty of the State corild control publio
affairs, and that the carpet-baggers and
scalawags oould not keep tbe npgroes with
them. A fter returning from the cxcuf-l
sion, I saw the President of the Augusta
Cotton Factory, who said there was an
advantage of ten per cent, over New Eng
land in the manufacture of cotton here.
The South afforded a market for a large
share of the cloth made at his mill, and
oould ship to Ncw’York almost as cheap
goods »B--riveee-tr»«w-*htt_Laweli mills, HLa
had no doubt that when it came to bo
known in tbo North that a factory in Au
gusta paid, year after ye:ir, 20 per cent,
dividend On its stock, capitalists would
come down and invest their money in new
mills.
THE POLITICAL SITUATION.
The Ku-Klux—Feeling Towards Northei-n
Scttlns —Probable Division in the Demo
cratic Party.
[FROM OUR SPECIAL CORRESPONDENT. |
Augusta, Ga., Juno 2.— ln South
Carolina people speak of Georgia as being
iu tbo best condition of any Southern
State. So often liad I hoard the peace
ful and orderly condition of the State
praised that it was with no little surprise
that I read in tho first paper I saw after
arriving here, a long proclamation of the
Governor, offering large rowards for the
arrest of certain persons unknown who, in
masks and other disguises, had perpe
trated murderous outrages. The list of
outrages enumerated nine oases of brutal
whipping, ono of murder, three of assault
with firo-arOiS, one of jail-delivery, ono of
rapo, three of house-burning, ono of
wounding with gun-shot, two of destruc
tion of sehool-hopsos, and two of driving
men away from thoir homes with throats
of death if they returned—a catalogue of
Ku-Klux performances between the mid
dle of February and the 12th of May, a
period of entire freedom from political ex
citement. All of the victim l were colored
people exaept one. The fact that at tho
last election the Democrats elected a ma
jority of both branches of tho Legislature,
and also the county offioers in nearly ali
the counties, and in all in which these
orirncs wore committed, and the further
fact, that more than a year will intervene
before the beginning of another political
canvass, make these outrages seem re
markable. I sought yesterday an explana
tion, going first to two or three leading
Democrats, who all agreed ip denouncing
the Governor’s proclamation as a lie, got
up for the purpose of convincing the
Presidont of the Dcoessily of putting tho
Ku-Klux law in operation in this State.
These Democrats insisted that no Ku-
Klux organization ever existed, and that
there was nothing of the kind in Georgia
at the last cleotinn, whioh they declared
had been carried by tho Democrats by
peaoeful means. 1 asked how it oamc
about that, in counties where the negroes
outnumbered the white men by two or
threo to one, the ltnpublioan nominees
had been beaten last Fall by large majori
ties. They replied that if was owing to tbe
moral influence tho white men exerted
over the nogroes.
Last evening a Superior Court Judge
oalled on me, in company with a Demo
cratic editor aud an ex-rebel Colonel, now
a member of the Legislature. The Judge,
who is a Republican and a native of
Georgia, gave a plausible, and, I am dis
posed to think, a correct explanation of
these recent Ku-Klux outrages. The per
petrators, lie said, were low whites, who
always had an antipathy to the negroes,
which is intensified now that the latter
come in competition with the former as
laborers. These whites are generally
young men of ruffianly character, who
would be glad to run the negroes out of
their neighborhoods if they, could, and
who take a cruel pleasure in abusing help
less persons. Iu some counties they had
established such a terrorism that no wit
nesses would testify against them. Iu
other counties in his Judicial Circuit the
Judge said the land owners had organized
to put down these gangs and protect the
negro laborers, and we r e successful. He
believed the juries would convict the Ku-
Klux in any county where he held court, if
evidence could be obtained, but the ne
groes were afraid to testify. There was,
he said, another class of Ku-Klux out
rages, where a few men ’would take it
upon themselves to improve the morals of
their communities, and would go in dis
guise and whip negroes suspected of steal
ing, and white men who were living with
negro women, lie knew of a oase where
an old man of 00, who had never been
married, but had lived with a negro mis
tress for thirty years and raised seveial
children, was whipped nearly to death by
these social regulators. The Judge thought
that the receut Ku-Klux doings had no
thing whatever to do with politics, but
he believed that iu the next Presidential
election the Klan would ho a powerful en
gine for influencing the negro vote by in
timidation.
The Judge gave his views at leDgl.h upon
the oondition of polities'! parties in Georgia.
He said that the Republican party in tho
State was hopelessly ruined. It was di
vided into two factions, one led by Bullock
and Blodgett, and the other by Senator
Joshua Hill and Attorney Qen, Akerman.
The quarrel between these two factions,
although enough itself to destroy the par
ty, was not the only trouble. The bad
appointments made by tho Dr ‘sideDt had
arrayed all the wealth'and intelligence of
the State against tho Republicans, and
had driven it all into tho Democratio party.
Most of the appointees were worthless
fellows, who had been sloughed off the ar
my at the end of the war, am) who had
been selected in preference to men of char
acter, who would haveaccoptcd the offices.
( He declared that there were now no white
‘Republicans in the State except office
holders, As to thß negroes, their sympa
thies were naturally with tho Republicans.
But any man who thought he could build
up a party of negroes would be greatly mis
taken. They were, ho said, quite untrust
worthy, and could be oasily influanoedby
their employers, frightene'd by the Ku-
Klux, or induced tosell their votes for any
small sum. tic knew of instances where
intelligent negroes, who had been aelp/e
as Republican politicians, had lieeq tired
for a few dollars a day to take a horse and
buggy and go electioneering lor the
Democrats. At tho Degt election lie be
lieved thfcre would be no effeolwe Repub
lican organization in Georgia, but he was
confident that the Democrats would split
into two parties, one of progressive men,
accepting the Pennsylvania and Ohio
platforms, and the other of the reaction
ists or Bourbons, led by A, H. Stephens
and Robert Toombs, who were determined
to keep up the old fight against the con
stitutional amendments and »he validity
of the reconstruction acts. The Colonel
said that he thought the best thing for the
people of Georgia to do was to send no
delegates to either of the National Con
ventions, but to wait until both parties
had made their nominations, and then de
cide which it would bo for thoir interest to
join. The Georgians, bo said, bad no in
terest in national politics, and would sup
port either party with equal icadiness if
they thought they could benefit their
State by so doing.
A gentleman, who has been an active
Repuolican politician sinoe the beginning
of reconstruction, and who impressed me
as an honest aDd sinoere maD, gave me an
account to-day of the way this Congres
sional Distriot —which went Republican
in 1868 by 8,000 majority—was Ku-Kluxed
last fall into electing a Democrat to Con
gress by 6,000 majority, notwithstanding
the fact that the Republicans had As their
candidate an old citizen of wealth, char
acter, and political experience. He said
that the tactics of tho Ku-Klux were
entirely changed at the last election. In
1868, there was much whipping and mal
treating of negroes by masked gangs dur
ing the whole oampai'gn, but iu 1870 all
this oeased, and, except in two counties,
there was no parading of disguised Ku-
Klux to intimidate the negroes. But at
the election armed men appeared at every!
polling-place in all the oounties but three, I
and quietly warned tho few intelligent
negroes, who were party leaders, to keep
away from the polls, and take no part in
the election on pain of death. When the
ignorant negroes came in from the planta
tions they did not find tho men they looked
to as leaders, and they were eitheir per
suaded to vote the Demooratio ticket or
went homo without voting at all, atraid to
offend the few determined white men who
watched the ballot-boxes. This new plan
had been carried out with a perfect sys
tem, and showed that it was the result of a
thorough organization among the white
men. My informant said that only in tho
Augusta district had this plan boon inaugu
rated, but it had proven so suooesstul here
that he had no doubt it would bo tried all
over the State at tho next election. As an
illustration of the difl'eroncc between the
vote of a district when well Ku-Kluxedand
when a fair electron is hold,, ho said that
in tho southwestern district of Georgia in
18C8, a time of violcnoc and intimidation,
the Democratic candidate had 3,000 ma
jority; while in 1870, when tho election
was acknowledged by all to have been fair,
a Republican was chosen by a small ma
e. He thought that tho days of vio
for political effect woro over, and
t,hat tho new system, called by the Demo
crat's “moral influence,” would hereafter
prevail, The only hope in the future for
tho sueecss of the Republican party lay, in
his opinion, in tho division of tho white
men, and this he believed would speedily
take place if the Demodrats, as a National
party, adopted tho " Now Departure”
platform. In such a case, ho was oonfi
dent a large number of white men of in
fluenoo would bcoomo Republicans- The
division would first occur on local ques
done, suoh as railroad matters, which are
already creating much exoitemont and
difference of opinion.
A gentleman'from Morgan county told
mo to-day that his was one of the three
oounties ia this Congressional District
where the election had been perfectly fair,
and that it was owing in a great measure
to the influence of Northern men, who, to
the number of forty or fifty, had settled
in the county since the war, with their
families. They had brought property with
them to the amount of over $300,000, and
were substantial people, who could not be
stigmatized as carpet-baggers and adven
turers ; this, however, was an exceptional
case. He did not believe there was a
single white Republican in the adjoining
county of Warren. In nearly ail the
counties in this part of «,he State tho feel
ing against Northern people was still so
hostile that it would be disagreeable for a
Northern man to attempt to live in them.
He did not believe that any violence would
now be attempted against settlers from
tli9 North, but they would have to live in
complete isolation. Nobody would speak
to them or transact any business with
them. In the towns lie said it was not
quite so bad, but even in Augusta the few
Republicans who were in business kept
their political opinions to themselves for
fear of losing their customers. He could
observe, however, a marked improvement
in the feelings of the people from year to
year, and he hoped in a few years to see
the animosties of the war die out.
From these and several other oonversa
tions that I have had during the past two
day*, 1 am inolincd to believe that tho
Ku-Klux havo no present organized ox
istenoo in this part of Georgia as a politi
cal association, and that tho outrages oc
casionally committed in tho night time by
disguised men are duo' to other motives
than political animosity. Sometimes it is
a convenient way of administering lynoh
law upon real or supposed offenders, with
out fear of eonsequenoos, and oftener a
way of wreaking personal malioc with im
punity. It will no doubt require years to
eradicate tho evil effect of tho Ivu Klux
operations, which taught the daDgorous
classos a safe way of oommittiog crimes
without soar of the law. It also appears
that tho Demoorats havo discovered a
more effective way of carrying elections
than by using violence, and that is to
frighten the few negroes who havo brains
enough to bo leaders, or purohaso their
Influence, after which thoro is no difficulty
in controlling tho ignorant mass of the
negro voters.
Crop Letter from Beaurort. 8. C.
Beaufort, Juno 10, 1871.
Editors Chronicle Sentinel:
The crops of cotton in tljo uppor part
of this county are about as fair as they
wero at this tirno last year, and equal to
tho average of formor years. Tho cool
weathor in the first two weeks of May did
not do any damago certainly to my orop,
and I think gave strength to. the stalk of
the young plants. We aro liaviug a plenty
of rain, but tho woathcr is cxaotly like
what it was at this time last year, and thou
no harm followed; and now if wo havo
dry and warm weather after tho first of'
July, the rain now will not do any harm,
and I, therefore, think the genoral cry of
rain ruining the crops is gonoral nonsense.
It has not hurt mine. There is not so
much land in cotton here as last, year, but
now all of our best lands aro in cotton,
and wo havo plenty of corn planted. lam
not afraid oi giving a truthful and also a
favorable report of the crop of oottou, for
I believe wc will get good prices for it next
winter, even if a large crop is mado. The
negroes are all working’wall, and, taking
all things into consideration, our prospeets
here, generally, are cheerful. ***
Andrew Johnson.
WHAT HE THINKS OF SHEB.MAN AND
GRANT.
L Correspondence Cincinnati Commercial. |
Knoxvim.e, May 28, 1871.—1 coked
Mr. Johnson what ho thought of General
Sherman as a Democratic nominee for tho
Presidency.
“ Sherman,” said ho, “ is a smart man
and a shrewd man. There is no doubt but
what he is looking forward to tho Presi
dency, and if ho can’t get it .from ono
party he intends to from tho other- Ho
is not very particular about parties. In
course of time he expects to bo Prosidont,
but he is in no particular hurry about it.
His ohief aim now is not to lose his popu
larity, and to bo ready when ihe golden
moment comes. He is a military man,
and don’t oarc muoh about parties. He is
a good deal liko Grant was after tho olose
of tho war. That little follow had quite
a notion of going with-the Democracy for
a while.”
“ He was formerly a Dcmoorat, was he
not?”
“ No, ho wasn’t anything. He didn’t
Lave sense enough. He has got no head
of his own. Sherman is as much smart
er man than he as you can imagine. Fre
quently they have both como in to see mo
od business. Grant always stood back and
let Sherman do the talking. Tho little
fellow felt his inferiority, took a back seat,
and let .Sherman transaot the business.
Sherman is while Grant is nothing.
Yes, sir, he is just nothing.”
“ But tho Republicans will be apt to
renominate him, don’t you think ?”
“ Appearances indieato that they will.”
“ They have got him and seera inclined
to hold on to him.”
“ No,” replied Mr. Johnson ; “ho has
sot them. They oan’t get rid of hun.
[e is in and intends to remain in. He
has got the patronage and that infamous
Ku-Klux hill to aid him. That Ku-Klux
law is a damnable infamy. TwoDty years
ago it woqld have shooked tho American
people like electrioity. ”
Don’t Recognize Him.— The Wash
ington Sunday Herald communicates this
mournful intelligence :
“ Foster Blodgett, of Georgia, is send
ing documents through tho mails bearing
his frank as United States Senator. The
Pobt Office Department evidently does not
put faith in Mr. Blodgett’s pretensions,
for on one of these documents, shown to
us, postage was charged and collected. If
every man who wanted to be a United
States Senator, without undergoing the
formalities of a legal election, should bo
permitted to send matter through the
mails, it strikes us there would be quite a
heavy balsnqe on the wrong side ot Mr.
Crcswoll’s ledger. • Blodgott must bo badly
off for stamps.”
Tins Premium List for the October
Exhibition of the Cotton States Mechan
ics and Agricultural Fair Association is in
the hands of the Chronicle & Sentinel
Publishing Company. Much care was
bestowed in its preparation, and it is be
lieved that it will, as far as possible, con
form to the views of those interested.
A distinctive feature of the present list,
as compared with last year’s, is that
medals—gold, silver and bronze, witli
diplomas—will be awarded to manufac
turers, instead of plate, as heretofore.
The number of gold medals to be award
ed will be between thirty and forty, and
of silver somewhere in the neighborhood
of three hundred.
The book will soon be ready for distri
bution. —Farmer & Gardener.
Columbus estimates her drayago at
SIOO,OOO a year.
