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About Weekly chronicle & sentinel. (Augusta, Ga.) 1866-1877 | View Entire Issue (July 5, 1871)
OLD SERIES—VOL. LXXVIII. CjjMitle & TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION. daily. On* month - ® Three month* *" One year —• 10 w TBI-WEEKLY. One year - •*““* £l® Six month* * ;** Three month..... w WEEKLY. Three month*.. •—$ | j® Six month* * J One year 3 00 WmifAl MOK'I.No, Jl'Ll I.KASK OFIHK MAOON AND WKSfKBBi RAILROAD BI'LLOCK’4 IHTItBFKB- K9CS- A few weeks since it wai announced through the pres* of the State that the Directory of the Macon aDd Western Rail road had leased their roa4 to the Central Railroad and Banking Company. The public generally felt little or no interest in this transaction. It was not doubted that the management of the Macon and West ern, under the control jf the Central Road, would be as good as it ever was. No one felt apprehensive that the lessees would dismantle the road, or that, under their control, it would be less valuable to the general public. On the contrary, it was universally admitted that the lessees would make and keep the Macon and Western a first clast road in every particular, and that the change o 1 proprietorship would work no harm to the public. It is true that certain local influences were brought in opposition to the lease. So far as we know, this opposition was confined mainly to Macon and Atlanta. But the right of the Macon and Western to lease, and the right of the Central to become lessees, was not seriously ques tioned. This is shown from the fact that Maoon and Atlanta interests were, at the time the lease was made to the Central, actively engaged in efforts to secure a lease of the road to tho Macon and Brunswick Road. If the Maoon and Western Com pany had tho right, under their charter’ to loase to tb' Maoon and Brunswick Road, a fortiori they had the right to loaso to the Central. If the Macon and Brunswiok Road had, under its charter, the right to become lessees of the Macon and Western, then tho Central Road had also the right to beoorne lessees, for there is no essential difference in their charters in regard to their powers in this particular. Tho opposition, then, to tho Central lease is not that tho contracting parties did not have the legal right to contract, but, as we understand, upon tbo ground that tho President and Directors of the Maoon and Western Road acted in had faith to the shareholders in leasing their property to tho Central at a less prioo than had been offered by tbo Maoon and Brunswick Road. If this bo true, wo prosume that the stock holders will rofuso to ratify the aotion of the Directory, and there the matter will rest. We learn that a hill has been filed at the instance of some of the stockholders of the Macon and Western Road, praying that the consummation of the lease may be enjoined on the ground just stated. It seems that Judge Cole granted the injunc tion, and that a few days since, daring his absence from the State, argument was heard before Judge Alexander, of the Southern Circuit, on a motion to dissolve the injunction. The only parties interest ed in that proceeding W6re the two cor porations—the Macon and Western and the Central Railroads. The State had no interest whatever. The pendency of this litigation was a God-aend to Bullock. He saw in it an other chance to rob the treasury, and at the same time strengthen hit own position. He, virtuous and honest Executive as he is ! feared lest the State might suffer unless he secured the services of able lawyers to represent her interest in the litigation. He was not willing to leave the case in the hands of the lawyers of the complainants, though the general opinion among mem bers of the bar is that they are as able, astute and intelligent as any in tbo pro fession. Ho therefore calls to the aid of the State—not the Attorney General, who receives a large «lary for such services— four lawyers for, we suppose, big fees, to aid the complainants in their effort to en join the lease. Id makiog these selections it must ho confessed that Bullock exhibited his usual cunning. Onn of*tho ohosen is a Demo cratic Stato Senator, and that body is so no*r equally divided that tho effect of one vote may save the Bullock’s head Irom tho November slaughter. Another of the select is a Democrat contesting the soat of a negro who ha? the oertifioate of eleotion to the next House of Representa tives. Another is a mouther of the State Democratic Executive Committee, and still another is *a leading and influential Democrat in the Cherokee country. All good lawyers we admit, all honest and cooseienoious gentlemen, who oould not be pursuaded to do a mean or dishonest aot. Yet all are mere men—liable robe insensi bly influenced by their feelings or pre judices. We know that each and every one of them woald scorn the imputation of an improper aot. I\ edo not believe that they considered the motives whioh prompt ed Bulk ck to select them as attorneys in this case. Nevertheless, we believe, and the public will believe, that they were seleoted by Bullock, not for the good that might accrue to the State from their services, but because he w shed to put them under obligations to Liu-—such ob hgations aa he thought mijht influence them in their future conduct as members of the Democratic party, and as members of the Legislature. The preten e lor this array of State counsel is that Bullock fears that the Cen tral, and Macon & Western Railroads are violating their charters. If this pre tense was well founded, the reply is con clusive. That is one of the questions raised by the complainants bill, and the alleged injury resulting from the pretended violation of tlicix charters by these reads, is not to the people of the State in the aggregate, but to a few individuals who claim a special interest in the subject matter of the controversy. The State, as we have said, is not interest ,<1 in the suit. Leases of like character have been made before, apd at times when good men and able lawyer* were in the Executive chair. No dejections were raised by the State to the lease of the Au gruta and Waynesboro road some years before the war—to the lease of the Wash ington road—the lease of the Southwest ern road, and others which have been heretofore made. Why, and in what par ticular, is this Maeoa and \V estern lease more objectionable than those we have mentioned ? Every candid mind in the State will conclude that this interference by Bullock is improper, uncalled for, and highly pre- judicial to the host interests of the State. ! That he has been influenced in Lis action in this matter by a desire to strengthen himself in the approaching Legislature, when he expects action which will involve his further continuanoe in office. We desire to say that we neither ap prove or condemn this lease. We believe, that Augusta interests will be affected by it, yet wo have no right to complain. We do not question the right of the Central to make the lease, and we applaud the ac tion of Mr. Wadley in thus securing for his shareholders the use of a valuable property, the oontrol of which will largely increase his semi-annual dividends. If ail railroad presidents in the State were as active, intelligent, and energetic in the management of the property under their control, as Mr. Wadley has time and again shown himself to be, the Central would not be the only road in the State whose Block is twenty percent, above par. Some roads that we heve in our mind’s eye might, instead of grumbling at the Cen tral, profit by imitating her example. [COMMUNICATED. J Editors Chronicle dc Sentinel: Please publish the annexed circular and oblige, A Stockholder. Office of M. K. Jesup k Cos., 1 59 Liberty Street, N. Y., \ June 1, 1871. ) To the Directors of the Charlotte, Colum bia and Augusta Railroad Company : The undersigned, having seeo a state ment of the proceedings of a meeting of the stockholders of your company, as published in the Columbia newspapers of May 11th, in which allusion is made by the President of the Company to some business transactions with our firm, desire to lay before you the following facts: Shortly after the close of the war, Mr. Johnston, your Pre-ideqt, came to New York to purchase rails, and on his applica tion we sold him rails on a credit,"for the Columbia and Augusta Railroad Com pany. Subsequently we negotiated a por tion of the bonds ot the Company, and agreed with him that for our services, we should make the not unusual charge of 2 i per cent, commission, with the under standing that we should return H per cent. Having sold $200,000 bonds, the proceeds were placed to the credit of the Columbia and Augusta Railroad Company, and od the 7th of August, 1868, we paid to Mr. Johnston our oheck (at his request drawn to bearer), No. 14279 on the Union N;itioDal Bank tor $2,500, being half the amount of commission on sale of bonds. We have never had any business transac tions with Mr- Johnston, except in his official capacity, either before or since the consolidation of the Charlotte and South Carolina Railroad Company with the Columbia and Augusta Railroad Com pany. We beg reference to the following affi davit of our Cashier, who gave the check, mentioned above, to Mr. Johnston : Statu of New Yoke, 1 > M. City and County of New York.) Abraham J. F. Vandeventer, being duly sworn, deposes and says, I am, and for the past eleven > ears have been, Cashier for Mr. M. K. Jesup, and his firm of M. K. Jesup & Company, of the city of New York. In August, 1868, that firm sold two hundred thousand dollars of the first mortgage bonds of the Columbia and Augusta Railroad Company, at seventy five per cent., as follows: August 6th, 1868 SIOO,OOO “ 7th, 1868 SIOO,OOO These bond* were sold under an arrange ment made between Mr. Jesup and Mr. William Johnston. President of the Com pany, that M. K. Jesup & Cos. should charge a commission of two and a half per cent, on the par of the bonds, and that one half of the commission should be re turned to Mr. Johnston. We did charge a commission of two and a half percent, of which, on August 7th, 1868, we paid Mr. Johnston the- one-half ($2,500), retaining ourselves the other half. The $2,500 paid Mr. Johnston was, at his request, in a oheck, payable to bearer instead of a check to his order, as I proposed to draw it. Any statement that M. K. Jesup & Cos. received directly, or indirectly, more than $2,500, or that Mr. Johnston did not re ocive $2,500, is absolutely and unquali fiedly untrue. (Signed) A. J. F. Vandeventer. Sworn before me, this 28th day of April, 1871. Edward S. Clinch, Notary Public. Under datoof Nov. 14th, 1868, we sold Mr. JohnstoD, for the Columbia aDd Au gusta Railroad Company, a parcel of Eng lish rails, of the usual quality, at a prico in gold, on a credit of six months from date of delivery at Charleston, the dtafts of the Columbia and Augusta Railroad Company, accepted by the Charlotte and South Carolina Railroad Company, being taken in payment, for an amount in cur rency equivalent to gold at 140 percent., at which rate the drafts were to be re-con verted into gold at maturity and so paid. When the drafts matured (in Septem ber, 1869), the premium on gold had a strong downward tendency. Mr. John ston was at that time in New York, tut he paid no attention to the fact that the acceptances were due, and allowed both companies to be discredited by their pro test. It became necessary, therefore, to take legal steps, whioh wo did, by attach ing the money in tho ticket office of the oompany’s agents, and thus compelled the payment of our debt, in February, 1870. We had previously sold Mr. Johnston rails (always on credit) for the Columbia and Augusta Railroad Company, under dates of March 30th, 1867, and August Gth, 1868. aDd up to February, 1870, no complaint had beco made of the quality of iron furnished under any of our con tracts —on the oontrary, in a report to his company he called special attention to the superior quality of the rails furnished under contract of November 14th, 1868, but immediately upon the compulsory payment of the amount due us under this contract he commenced a suit tor damages for the delivery under our ootrtract of March 30th, 1867, of alleged inferior rails which, whon brouyht to trial, was dis missed by the Judge on tho plaintiff’s own case. Subsequently Mr. Johnston bought a paroel of rails of the same general charac ter from other parties, one ot whom was a partner in our firm at the time of the sale last lef erred to above, and was a defend ant in the suit. We present those facts, all or which are susceptible of proof. Very respectfully, M. K- Jesup & Comp’y. Burning of the doolie Ship Don Juan. THE DETAILS OF THE OCCORENCE. Statements of Survivors —Horrible Scenes pn Board the Vessel. An account has already been given of the burning of the ship Don Jnan at sea, with 650 coolies on board, most of whom perished in the slimes. The following statement of one of the survivors is found in tbe Overland China Mail , of May 12, and gives not only a graphic account of tbe terrible accident, but also throws light on tbe manner in which these poor wretches are kidnapped and taken away from their oountry: THE WAV IN WHICH THEY ARE HIRED. Leung Ashew said t. I am a native of Sunning. lam twenty years old. I have no employment. Af ;w days ago a cousin of mine took me to Macao to get me em ployment. His name was LeuDg Achcung. I have no parents. I aocepted job work at Sunning. I have some relations at Sunning. My cousin told me that he would take me to a place to get work. He mentioned no parrioular place. Be took me to Macoa and lodged ©s in a foreigner’s bouse. I stayed three days in this house. I was then taken to a barra ooon, whets I stopped two days, l was then taken before an offioer. An inter preter told me that I was to go to Peru ! to work for $4 a month. Be told rue that i it I was not willing to go, I was to be sent to tbe chain gang for six years, and thereafter to be put into a dungeon tor i two years. I had no option but to put my name to a printed form, which had Chinese and European writing on it. A ; seal was theD placed on it. I was paid in silver ; I was also given two suits of clothes, a wadded jacket, and a pair of shoes. No bedding of whatever kind was given me, not ejen a mat. I was then marched into a boat with several hundred others. There were several boats. Some foreigners guarded us. They gamed mus kets and drawn swords—about ona to every ten men. HOW THEY ARB STOWED. We ware all put into a large hold. The grating of the hatch was always down. There were two hatchways, and each had an iron grating. I cannot tell the date the ship sailed, but I believe it was either the 11th or 15th. Before the ship sailed we were allowed on dehk two by two each i time. But after the ship sailed we were ! not allowed on deck at any time, not even i tor necessary purposes. We had buckets lin the hold for this purpose. Twel*>men were tolled off to aot as cooks. They were allowed on deck. The hatch gra tings were only opened to lower down our meals. Nobody was allowed to smoke. We bad five lights in the hold all night long. There were about tec foreigners acting as sentries in the hold. They had swords and rattans. I have not seen them use the rattans. They were on duty night and day. They were relieved at intervals. the FIRE. On the third day after we sailed, shortly after onr breakfast, there was a fire on board. The fire occurred in the aft part, in a room adjoining our hold. The smoke came In onr hold in a great volnme; it had a strong smell of gunpowder; I heard no explosion whatever before the alarm of fire; there was no foreigner in the hold at the time; no foreigner came ontinto our hold during the fire ; the hatch gra ting was never opened all the while; the smoke came in very thick, and a great many were suffocated; more than one hour after the smoke first came into our hold, the hatch grating was torn off by somebody—by one of the cooks, I believe. A STRUGGLE FOR LIFE. Wc ail made a rush for the hatchway. I was partially suffocated wb.n I got to the hatchway, and I could not climb up the hatchway. Some Chinaman pulled me up. The fire had then reached the hatchway. My face was severely burnt in my attempt to get up Che hatch (the whole of the left side of this man’s lace presents a mass of roasted flesh, besides several burns about the arms and hands!. When I came up the whole ship from the mainmast to the stern was a mass oi flames. The foremast had Dot caught fire then. About twenty men cluDg to the rigging, and there were more than ten others holding to the bowsprit. I was holding on to the anchor chain. The anchor was dangling at the side of the ship in the bow. I seated myself on the anchor and my hands were holding to the ehain. In this position I watched the progress of the fire. When the fire reached the wood-work whioh held the anchor chain, I was tumbled into the sea with the anchor. I could swim a little, and I swam to a burnt spar which was floating on the water. There were three or four others besides me holding to this spar. It was a small spar. When I fell into the water it was about one hour after I came out of the hold. When I came on deck I could not see any foreigners, nor did 1 see any boats; I was very much confused, and was partly insensible from the effects of my burns. There was a larger spar floating on the water, and more than ten men were holding on to it.’ I could not say what had beoorne of the men that clung to this larger spar. I and the others that held to the smaller spar were carried away by the cuirent, and it was because of this that I did not see what had become of the larger spar and its men. We were carried away much faster by the current, as we had fewer meo, and .our spar was much smaller. 1 was carried so far away from the burning ship that I could hardly see her. THE RESCUE. I was picked up by a fishing junk that passed in the evening of the same day the fire occurred. The junkmen wanted us to give them money before they would pick us up. I had some money with me, five dollars, the balance of my advance of eight dollars at the barraoooo. I paid them five dollars, and the junkmen picked me up. The junkmen refused to take in uiy companions, four in number, because they had no money to pay them. These four men wanted to got into this junk, but the junkmen pushed them back, and they ha to remain on tho spar. Ido not know the number of the junk. When I was picked up, I could see that there were over ten others floating on a spar a long way off. The junk took me to Hong Kong. My treatment on board the fishing junk was very good, but I could not eat, as my pain is very great. I oould not tell how the fire originated. On our way here in that fishing junk we saw many persons on the water, but the junk people would not receive them, a3 they had no money. Be - I left the burning wreck 1 saw blood ooze out from the sides of the vessel, from the hold where the coolies were lodged. SHOOTING THE DROWNING COOLIES. Another survivor, Hu Aful, in the course of his statement says: When I came on deck the boat was about a cheung (about thirteen feet) from the ship. A great many Chinese .wanted to swim to the boat. A mast was floating on the water, and a great many were clinging to it. The boat was close to the mast, and I was standing at the side of the burning ship,intending to jump into the water to get hold of the spar. The Europeans in the boats warned us not to go near with swords, and one of them, a short man, had a pistol in his hand. He fired at me, and shot me on the leg. The bullet is not ex tracted yet; it is a small bullet. I fell down and became insensible. My friend, Ashea, let me down to the mast by a rope fastened around my body. The men clung to the mast, and we all called out for help. A fishing junk was attracted to us. The junkmen picked us all up. The fire at this time had reached to the copper sheathing close to the water’s edge. The junkmen treated us very well. They gave us clothes to change, and covered ns up with mats. A large fire was lit to dry ourselves and our clothes. They boiled congee for us at once. The treatment we received from their hands was very good. Very few had clothing with us, as we took our clothes off before swimming, and the clothes of others were burnt off their backs. The treatment on board ship was very fair, but rather severe, because we were whipped very often by the sentries. I believe the fire occurred through the explosion of gunpowder. We had no light of any kind in the hold. We were not allowed to -smoke in the hold, but could do so on deck. TUB SHOOTING CORROBORATED. Another of the passengers, Chu Akwai, said : When I came on deck the whole ship was on fire. There was a great smoke. It was very thick. I could not see through it. I clung to the rigging of the foremast. When the mast was burned it fell into the water. I fell with into the water, but, as I could swim, I managed to swim to the spar. My leg was bruised by the tall. When I came on deck I could not see any foreigners, or any boats, as the smoke was very thick. I remained on the spar till daybreak. A fishing junk caine and took us up. The ship was still burning at the time ; all the woodwork of the ship had burnt, leaving only the iron sheathing of the hull. I heard a discharge of firearms previous to the fire. When the fire occur red no European was in the hold. I could not say why the firearms were discharged. I heard no explosion whatever. No Eu ropean came iuto the hold with a hose. We had no quarrel or fight in the hold. STATEMENT OP TOE SEAMEN. About 9 a. m. on Saturday—so runs the seamen’s story—the Chinese mu tinied, revolted, showed signs of taking possession. They tore up their berths and the woodwork about their bunks, and usiDg the planks as a battering-ram they broke down the bulkhead and got iuto the lazarette, which was direct aft. This was when about a hundred miles from land, steerjog east. Having got through the bulkhead and into the lazarette the coolies piled up tne lumber thus tojp up, and set fire to the ship by its means When those on deck saw what the “passengers” had done, a hose was got down into the hold ; qut the coolies de iberately threw it over board through pne of the side-lights. Tbe fire was apparently lighted aft, with the purpose of forcing all those jivingf over head to go forward and thns simplify tbe capture ot the vessel. It is even said that, on being asked through the grating what they wanted, the coolies declared their in tention of taking the ship. However im probable this may appear, it is alleged the coolies openly stated their purpose- It is presumed that they expected the fire would be easily extinguished, an. 4 that they never anticipated the horrible death in store for them. A Mad Judge.— A Judge out in Wes tern Pennsylvania went into the river to bathe the other morning, and, while he was swimming about, seme abandoned scoundrel stole all his clothes, except his high hat and umbrella. We won’t under take to explain how mad the Judge was, because, although the English language is copious, its most efficient and vigorous adjectives are entirely uneqna! to the ex pression of certain degrees of emotion. But he stsypd in the water about four hours experimenting w;:h the different kinds of imprecations, and endeavoring to select two or three of the sturdiest objur gations for application to the thief. At last he came out, and, after mounting the high hat, he opened the umbrella and tried to cover his retreat up the street to ward his house. It appeared to the Judge that all the female pupils of the boarding schools, and the members of the Dorcas societies, and one Woman’s Rights Con vention, were out promenading that day • and the Judee had an awful time going through the Zouave drill with that um brella. When he reached home he heard the thief had been captured. The Judge is now engaged in writing out his charge to the jury in advance of the trial. Those who have seen the rough draft say it is the most picturesque law paper ever drawn up in that country. A writer oh school discipline says: “Without a liberal use of the rod, it is im possible to make boys smart,” AUGUSTA, GA., WEDNESDAY MORNING, JULY 5, 1871. General L.ee's Views- What the Leader of the Confederate Ar mies Thought About “ Accepting the Situation. ” [From the Richmond IKspatch.) General Lee viewed the situation in a military sense. He considered his coun trymen of the South and himself as cap tives and prisoners. His high sense of honor and personal dignity would not per mit him to rail at those who held him in custody. He truly considered that un manly and peevish. To indulge the lan guage of exasperation, or the wail of la mentation, was equally abhorrent to his ideas of true manhood. He, therefore, bore himself like a man with a conscience void of offense, knowing that he was at the mercy of his captors, and submitting himself to their power. Nothing gave General Lee so much con cern as the haste with whioh the press and public men at the South rushed into the political canvass, deluded by the ignis fatuus set up by President Johnson alter his infamous $20,000 amnesty proclama tion. He did not think it wise or becom ing. Adhering to his idea of what should be the conduct of captives, he feared, and justly feared, that while this was unbe coming in the South, it would exasperate those whoheltP us at their mercy, and increase the severity of the sufferings of his own people. He was not anxious for himself. As late as a month prior to his death he held to his opinions on this point. The writer of this then met him, and beginning with the assurance that he was no inter viewer, as the General knew, and would make no improper uso of any remark he might make, asked him how he felt about the political condition of the country. He replied that he thought there was some improvement, but still there was a great deal to deplore in regard to the temper of the discussion North and South —that they opposed a great obstacle to the res toration of peace. He alluded particu larly to the tone of the Southern press, and said that though greatly improved, there was still room for improvement. We put in a plea tor the press in respect to its promptness in vindicating the South from false accusations, and as an illustration referred to the article in this paper com menting upon the surprise expressed by a Northern journal that General Lee could possibly have fought with the South, as he was opposed to slavery. In that comment wc assumed that the opposition to slavery was not rare in the South — that Virginia had been very near abolish ing slavery in ’3O, and that many promi nent Southern men, adopting Mr. Jeffer son’s views, favored abolition at the best for the wellfare of the Southern people ; and that these men had a higher motive than-the defense of slavery-in their taking up the cause of the South. The Genctal replied that controversy did no good—that the Northern journal should have known* bis opinions loDg ago*— that he expressed them before the Recon struction Committee, in answer to their questions—that his father before him was ooposed to slavery as a public evil in Virgicia. All this ought to be known, and his motives in standing by his native State ought to be known everywhere- But controversy is unavailing, said he; it does no good, and only protracts the day of peace and national harmony. In this spirit he conversed awhile, and then changed the topic of conversation. General Lee was more anxious for his countrymen, especially for Virginia, than he was for himself. He yearned for quiet an! order for the country, and for the subside Doe of bitter sectional animosity. If anything hastened his death it was the disturbed state of his country and the mad passions which delayed the restora tion of good feelipg aod general peaoe. [From the Cincinnati Gazette.'] McMahon. THE GREAT MAN WHO DIED TWO DAYS BE FORE THE DEATH OF VALLANDIGHAM. The Hon. John Van Lear McMahon, who died at Cumberland, Md., on tho 15th inst,—two days before his brother-in law, Mr. Vallandigham—was formerly at the head of the Maryland bar. In old Whig times he was one of the most elo quent of political orators, and President Harrison is said to have offered him the choice of any office in bis gift, save one. The Baltimore American says of him : There was a depth and power in his voice that” but few speakers have evor possessed. Addressing an audienoe of ten thousand people in the open air, every sentenoe that fell from his lips could be distinctly heard. Possessing enthusiasm and humor, and wonderful versatility of manner and felicity of expression, his campaign speeches were the ablest and most effective ever delivered. He con tributed more than any other man to build up the Jackson party in Maryland. aDd when he left the party upog the United States Bank question, he dealt it many telling blows. In the campaign of 1840 he took a most conspicuous part. He presided at the great ratification meeting held on the Canton race-course, when Clay and Webster and Preston made speeches. It was upon this occasion that Mr. Mc- Mahon began his speech with the famous sentence : “ Every valley has its rill, every mountain its stream, and lo ! the ava lanche of tho people is here 1” He was the author of a history of Mary land, of whioh only one volume was pub lished. From 1827 to 1863 he practiced law in Baltimore, but, being afflicted with partial loss of sight, returned to Cumber land, his native plaoe, in which and Day ton he spent the remainder of his days. Had ho lived ho would have completed his seventy-first year the 18th of August next. He was never married. The Baltimore Sun relates the following inci dent illustrating his popularity ; “He was, about twent-five years ago, called upon by a lady of Charles county, in this State, to draw her will, which he did, at her request leaving a blank for the name of the devisee. He was greatly astonished at the death of the lady, not loDg after, to learn that his name had been inserted iu the blank places in the will, and that, iu admiration of his talents, she had bequeathed him her property, valued at over $25,000.” This man was an intimate friend and great admirer of John C. Calhoun. His relatious with Reverdy Johnson were con fidential and friendly. Over the conven tion which nominated General W. H. Harrison for President he presided. It was in Baltimore, Maryland. The crowd in attendance was immense. In calling the convention to order he used the memorable words, “ The nation will come to order.” The Immigration Scheme. A LETTER FROM GENERAL M. C. BUTLER, TO THE EDITOR OF THE NEWS. Having received a number of letters from friends in different parts of the ooun try making inquiries into the details and objects of our scheme in aid of immigra tion into South Carolina, 1 propose, with your permission, as briefly as possible, to answer them through the medium of your columns. In the first place, experience has shown that, individuals bays not succeeded in bringing in immigrants to any extent In the second place, efforts have teen hither to directed to procuring mere laborers, and cot to introducing actual settlers to become owners of the soil. _ Our purpose is, by mean? of an association thoroughly organized and well managed, to obtain large tracts of land and establish at least four colonies’© the eastern, western, mid die and northern portions of the State, respectively. Our effort will be—by locating these colonies in healthy districts, by sell ing small farms to actual settlers at low prices, and on long credits, and by using our personal influence to have the colo nists assisted and kindly treatel by their neighbors—to make these settlements the nucleus of a prosperous and ever increa:- ire immigrant population, who ip their turn wdl add to the wealth and secure the nrosperity of tbe State. If we can suc ceed iu tnir, It: * >r °Llem of increasing; the population of South Carolina, ID- "meed of the whole South to any extent, is solved. We have vast areas of land capable of very high and remunerative cultivation that are now lying waste, and I are but so much dead capital. Tney need i to be divided, and diversified industry ' should be substituted for the destructive ! system of the last few years. We need a I more intelligent, self-reliant, thrifty l&bor | ing population, who will produce more of the necessaries of life, and less of tbe staple crops. Cotton is the best market crop that we can ever have, but should only be made after au ample supply ot provisions for home consumption. But, to return from this digression. To accomplish our ends, as above set forth, we must have capital. To make anything like a beginning from which practical re sults oan b€ hoped for will require $200,- 003. This amount we hope to realize from this scheme. It may be asked, «• How ?” I will indicate. We propose to sell 15,000 tickets at $5 each, making $750,000. Os this amount we will give in prizes $500,000. in manner set Forth in the list, the prizes being 2,405 in number, to be drawn for in the usual way. Os tbe remaining $250,000, after the expenses are deducted, we are pledged to give $lO,- 000 to the State Agricultural and Me chanical Society, under whose auspices we are proceeding, and every cent of the Balance to tho introduction of immigrants- This is the whole story. It is proper for me to add that Mr. Chadwick has, with great liberality, placed the “Academy of Music” at the disposal of the Association at what the building has cost him. I am perfectly free to admit tbst tbe means adopted to raise the necessary funds are extraordinary, but so is the occasion. This is not a lottery, as some appear to think,' partaking though it does somewhat of its features ; but a project gotten up and conducted for a specific purpose—a purpose which we regard as of the very last consequence to the best interest of the State, ana there to end. If, our enterprise is successful, as there is no loDger any reason to doubt that it will be, backed as it is by men of the high est social ana business standing, North as well as South, and cordially supported by the people wherever an office has been opened, we can introduce into South Caro lina in the course of twelve or eighteen months, several large colonies of actual set tlers, place the State on the read to pros perity aod material development, and ultimately, with her prosperity, reap for ourselves a handsome reward, pecuniary and otherwise, for our time and labo'r. We are now having prepared, at great trouble and expense, a patophlet with illus trations and maps, setting forth the ad vantages of South Carolina, her agricul tural and mineral resources, her incompa rable water power, her geiial climate, valuable products, &c., &o.; n short, all such information as will le required by the immigrant. This bock will be distributed throughout tkose por tions of the North and Europofrom which we are likely to obtain immijrants, and will of itself bo worth to the Sttte of South Carolina more than the amount of money which our people are likely t<j invest in our scheme. This much, Mr. Editor, I have thought due to ourselves and to those who have made inquires as to our intentions, as these matters could not well be set foith in an advertisement. If persons should desire anything farther, we stall bo most happy to give them any information in our power. Regretting that I have beca compelled to trespass so much upon yotr space, but hoping that the matter of thiscommunica tion will not be without intirest to your readers, I remain yours, very respectfully, M. 0. Butler. New York, June 17th, 1871. General Forrest on Hu-Klux. * His Emphatic Belief that No Such Or ganization Exists in the South. [Special Telegraphic Correspondence of the Courier-Journal] GEN. FORREST BEFORE TEE KU-KLUX COMMITTEE. Washington, June 22.—GeD. N. B. Forrest is here to testify before the Ka- Klux Committee, but, a3 the committee does not want him until Monday, he left for New York to-night. Gan. Forrest is a man about the avorago height, of light though wiry frame; his eye, a small gray, bordering on blue, denotes activity and nervousness; in his manner he is cordial and courteous ; he talks distinctly, but slowly, and seemingly studies in his mind the propriety of giving replies to inter rogatories without proper reflection. He is neat in his attire, and is just such a man as one would never think could be Gen. N. B. Forrest, of Confederate fame. gen. forrest’s opinion of the ku- KLUX KLAN. In conversation to-day, the General was asked about the Ku-Klux Klin, and he said he was charged as being the organizer and leader of that organization, but as yet he had failed to ascertain that any such klan exists, except in the imagination of those who, for political purposes, probably would like to see such a body in the Souih: His opportunities, ho said, were very great, and if such a band as tho Ku-Klux existed he would know it. He did not believe in its existence. General Forrest was then asked the question, “What, then, in your opinion, is the oause of so many acts of violenoe being re ported and telegraphed North as Ku- Klux outrages ?” To this, he replied, as follows; “it may arise from various causes ; my theory, however, is that a class of men who have not the welfare of the South at heart came from the North, and, knowing that the political rights of many of the Southern people are. denied them, they operato with the negroes to secure their votes to elevate them to positious of trust and responsibility. Secret leagues are formed, incendiary speeches, calculated to do irreparable injury, are made, tl e employer is denied the services of his paid laborers as they flock to these leagues and are taught insubordination. The result is that among the substantial citizens of the section of country wherein these men operate they are regarded with distrust and socially ostracised. They secure lucrative offices, defraud the people, and in all their acts seemingly endeavor to exoite public opinion against them. As a natural consequence, at intervals, the indignation probably of an individual may be aroused and an individual assault ,made, which is soon magnified into a Ku- Klux outrage. Now, Ido not pretend to deny that in some instances men have been killed ; net, however, indiscrimi nately slaughtered. The same motive that impels a man to kill his brother in New York, Massachusetts, or Maine, applies as well in Alabama, North Carolina or Tennessee, the difference being that in the latter States the victim by his oouduct tends to aggravate the murderer to such bloody Ifcork. The cases are few, but of course are credited as being the work of the Ku-Klux, and hence, public opinion North is directed against the whole South as a blood-thirsty people. Again, bad men come South with no fixed purpose in view. They seem to float along, and like Mr. Macawber ‘wait for something to turn up.’ In their idleness they operate among the negroes, excite their superstitutious feelings against their employers and cause a general stagnation in agricultural pur suits. When remonstrated with for such oonduct, instead of allowing the planter to peacefully pursue the even tenor of his way, they attempt to revive old sores and make assertions calculated to excite auger and bad feeling. The result may be that such men are ordered to leave or pursue some avocation, just the same as a vagrant may be locked up in Washington or a suspicious character ordered out of it. This, I presume, is at once called a Ku-Klux outrage.” General Forrest added: “No Northern man settling in the South with a fixed pur pose of developing its resources would be molested, even though he entertained strong Radical opinions. On the contra ly, he would be welcomed. Let the peo ple know that he comes to be one of them, to live among them, and by his labor or means tend to build up the waste places, I care not what his political faith may be, he would be gladly recetved and even as sisted by the Southern people. ” He said he believed he was charged with organizing bands of Kr-Klux among the men em ployed in tire construction of a railroad from Selma, Alabama, to Memphis, Ten nessee, and for which he had been sum moned to answer before the Outrage Committee. “But,” said the General, “the charge is so absurd that I often wonder who could have furnished such information, oh whose brain could have conceived it.. I am constructing road from Selma to Memphis, and employ a large number of laborers, Upon assum ing the work I gave special instruc tions to those under me in authority, who ever were charged with obtaining me chanics, workmen, under no consider ation to allow politics to be a barrier to the employment of any man; on the con trary, to secure good workmen, be they white or black. As to the forming of bands of Ku-Elnx among them, it is too ridiculous to entertain £ moment. Why, I really believe that, were a vote taken to day among those working under me in the construction of that enterprise, there would be found three Republican votes to one Democratic. accepting tub situation. The people of tire South, he said, had accepted the situation, and were as orderly and law-abiding a people as can be fonnd in any section of the country. Under the reconstruction acts outrages were com mitted not by Kn-Klux but sinee 1868. Other than individual troubles, arising between man and man, are liable to arise in any place. They have demeaned them selves with becoming propriety, and yield a hearty obedience to the laws. In an swer to a second question, whether he doubted the existence of the Ku-Klux, Gen. Forrest sa>d very emphatically j “ I do ; lhy facilities for observation particu larly lead me so speak knowingly of Ala- bama and Tennessee. I have visited eve ry town along the line of the projected road from Memphis to Selma, making speeches in the interest of the road. I have endeavored among the people to ar rive at the truth as to its organization, and have as yet failed to find any individual who knew of any such organization, and j I have no hesitancy in asserting that, did ! it exist, the inhabitants with whom I came ! in contact would have appysed me of the fact. I have also travelled extensively through all portions of the South, and as far as my judgment aad observation lead me to believe, I can safely assert no such band has an existence in any of the South ern States. I have myself been personally abused as being the leader of the Klan. I have willingly borne this vituperation heaped upon me because I did not desire to appear prominently befere the public in print, and knowing my denial would entangle me into a controversy which 1 did not court. Hence, I remained silent. I propose to continue on with my work in the South, building railroads and machine shops, and if thereby I can give employ ment <o the many who need it, I shall consider I have done a good work in re lieving the distress of the widows and orphans whom the vicissitudes of war have made and bronght to misery. I no ambition for political honors, and choose rather to pursue my calling as a civil engineer, and do what I ean to re lieve the Southern people in an unosten tatious way.’’ [From the Buffalo Advertiser.\ Stranded on Rock Island. Wall street experienced one of its pe riodical sensations yesterday. The ex citement was just as contagious apparently, and the consternation just as uncontrolla ble, as if the cause was a wholly un paralled if not a hitherto unheard of event. And yet nothing is more certain to happen, and therelore '>ne would think nothing would be less likely to cause hmazement an 1 despair, than such a visitation as that which threw Wall street off its balance yesterday. We are astonished as we read the details ; not so much that experienced men could be foolish enough to get caught in suoh a well-worn trap, as that they should hot endure the usual and expected punishment with undisturbed philosophy. Enough of moralizing, however ; let us come to the facts. Our stock quotations yesterday showed that “ Rock Island” sold lor 130 at 10 a. m., for 129$ at 11 a. m., for 114} at 12 m., and for 110$ at 12:30 p. in. ; by 2 o’clock p. m. the stook had rallied to 112$, and fell eff a trifle— to 112|—by 4:20 p. m., ourfclast report. There were many grave faces in these streets, on the reception of this news, for “Rock Island” is a favorite stock with Buffalo operators. Our dispatches from New York this morning say that the ex citement on the Stock Exchange yes terday fully equalled that of the fa mous Black Friday. It appears that on or about the first of April (a good day to set a fool-trap) a combination was formed to force up the price of Rock Island stock and get the “ bears” in a “cprnor.” The principal men in the clique were Wm. S. Woodward and J. F. Tracy. The latter is President of Chicago, Rock Island & Pa cific Railroad, the stock of which is called “Rock Island” on the street. Starting with the price at 112, they gradually bought up the stock till yesterday morn ing it sold at 130. Now the capital stook of the company amounts to $17,000,000, in 170,000 shares of SIOO each. Og Tues day afternoon Woodward had all his ar rangements completed for making an enor mous sum of money. He and his clique had actually bought 273,000 shares, or 103,000 more than had ever been issued I The situation is seen at a glance. The “ bears” had not only sold what they had not, but what they could not get. Had all gone right the dealers who sold short would hake been at the me'roy of the buy ers, and would have been compelled to submit to any terms they choose to offer. But there is many a slip ’twixt cup and lip, as Woodward fjund to his cost. All day Tuesday he had taken every share that was offered. Toward afternoon he be came a little suspicious of the sellers. He was under engagement to put up a large amount of margin yesterday morning. The clique were to furnish him with a million dollars to pay this margin. On Tuesday evening, in company with liis brokers, Messrs. Scott & Strong, he visited some of the leaders of the clique, when'he found to his horror that the expected mil lion would not be duly forthcoming in the morning. So little was this result antici pated that at the opening of the Exchange yesterday morning, Rook Island stock was quoted at 130$. As soon as the trouble was known, indescribable confusion en sued. Inevitable ruin stared dozens of men in the face. Many others had to con template heavy losses and to get out of the mess as best they could. The shouting, yelling and rushing about Was more char acteristic of lunatics than of staid business men. Soon after the board was called several members officially informed the presiding officer that they mast fail, and desired that their stock might be sold out nnder the rule. Aboat.three millions of stock was sold out in this way, lowering the market price from 130$ to 110 in less than two hours. Nine of the dealers, ex clusive of Woodward, were publicly an nounced as failed. Woodward will un doubtedly fail. In fact, he has virtually failed, for one of the firms already declared failed informed the vice-president of the board that they were unable to fulfill their engagements in consequence of his default. It appears that Messrs. Scott & Strong, however, Woodward’s brokers, are not af fected by the catastrophe. Such is the story of the latest Wall street sensation. The operation has hurt, if not crippled, some of our local speculators. The scheme of the “bulls” was a nice one, but it lacked the essential element of pru dence. It was carried too far. The buy ers of Rock Island did notknow just where to stop. They overlooked the contingen cy of failure on the part of those who were selling what they did not own. The tables were turned on them. Some of the “bears” who sold at prices ranging from 120 to 130 must have made a nice thing out of the “bulls,” who had bought at those prices vastly more shares than existed, in the expectation that the rash sellers would be obliged to pay any price they choose to exact, and finally had to sell out at 110 to 112. The prices this morning ranged from 111 to 112$, jast what the stock sold at before the operation began, and probably just about what it is really worth. Hyacinthe and the Pope.—Asking a Private Audience op the Holy Fa ther—Refused by Mgr. Merode.— Father Hyacinthe addressed the following letter to Mgr. de Merode, the Papal Min ister of War, a few days after his arrival in Rome, asking to be admitted into the presence of the Holy Father: To Mgr. de Merode , at the Vatican: Monseigneur— The recollection of the benevolence you once manifested towards me, when placed under different circum stanoes, enoourages me to hope that you will render me the important service I am about to ask. I desire to have a private audience with the Holy Father in order to open my utmost soul to him. This soul of mine, which has suffered so much, be longs to the fold that has been confided to the charge of the Pope as supreme pastor. This tact alone entitles me to an interview with his Holiness. Beyond doubt, the line of conduct I have thought best to pursue amid the present crisis of the Church must have grieved the Holy Father, but it could not have taken away from him all solicitude for a man whom lie formerly honored with many proofs of his benevolence, and whom, I hope, he stilt regards as a son. Excuse the liberty I take, Monseigneur, &0. Hyacinthe. fjpon receiving the refasal of Monseig neur de Merode, Father Hyacinthe penned the following lines in reply: Formerly the good shepherd ran after the strayed sheep and brought it back, tenderly placed upon his shoulders. To day the strayed sheep (since you reject me as such) seeks the shepherd, and he rejects it. What a difference between the Gospel and the Vatican.' Hyacinthe. TOOMB3 and Smalley.— The Wash ington Gazette, printed in General Toombs’town, has this in regard to his recent joust with a Tribune correspon dent : What he says of Gen. Toombs is, per haps, in the main, true, but he by mo means tells the whole truth. We only wish he had-we would be delighted to see the whole conversation published just as it occurred, word for word. He would have given to the world an instance of submission to such a terrible but brilliant rasping, at this generation has nevei known. He would, besides, have given General Toombs’ sound and logioal reasons for the opinions he‘holds, and would have published to the Radical readers and the public, an article in favor of the South, which he does not wish them to hear. South Carolina. The Journal of Commerce Commissioner at the South. letter no. 10. [Correspondence of the Journal of Com merce.] Columbia, June 17, 1871. A GLANCE AT THE LAW MAKERS AND POLITICIANS OF SOUTH CAROLINA. Before the war it was considered a high honor to be a member of the South Caro lina Legislature. Soma of tho ablest men in the state were sent to Columbia to rep resent their sections. The Legislature was then a dignified body of intelligent men. The salary of members was $3 per day each. Members had no pages, ex cept their own servants, to follow them around and wait upon them. The body usually sat three weeks in each year. How changed the scene ! Now men of standing in the community would not suffer thfcir names to be used in connection with the nomination to the Legislature. It is ocm posed mostly of ignorant ne groes who cannot read and write, and un scrupulous white men, though it is just possible that there may be a very few honest persons among them. They meet at Columbia and remain in session several months in the year at a salary of $6 per day each, and mileage to and from their respective homes. They adjourn over all holidays and re-assemble in order to secure the mileage fees. There are*l24 members of tbe lower house. These have mote than 125 men to wait upon them, nearly all oolored, for whom tbe State has no sort of use or employment. They lounge around committee rooms, clear the glasses and pitchers and keep the whisky and brandy bottles in good supply. Every committee room is elaborately furnished for the reception of negro guests. The little matters—such as brandy, whisky, wine, segars, etc., are called “contingent expenses,” and paid for by tho State. Though the Capitol is a very large build ing and ought to accommodate several suoh 'bodies at the present Legislature, yet when they are in session they rent houses' and rooms throughout Columbia for oom mittee rooms. These places are furnished and supplied at the expense of the State, aod arc said to be the headquarters of corruption and debauchery during the session. Instead of refleotiDg upon the impoverished condition of the State and exercising eoonomy, they furnished, to be gin with, the House of Representatives, at a cost of $93,000. Now when it is con sidered that the room of the Speaker of the House at Washington, whioh is about half as large as the House of Representa tives here, cost, with its magnifioent trim mings, less than $4,000 to furnish, the ex travagance hero may bo imagined. Each window is drapod with the finest and heaviest brocade silk, and charged at the rate of $2,000 and $3,000 per window. Even the spittoons are gorgeous affairs, made of fino porcelain, ornamented, and cost fabulous prioes. They arc so liberally supplied that the clumsy negro legislators tall over and break them to the average number of one or more each day. The men who presented the bills for furniture say that when they were filed in the Com mittee of Ways and Means for examina tion they amounted to about $41,000, but when the committee roported them to the House tho same bills amounted to $93,- 000. They say they thought the first amount would oover all reasonable steal ings, but the members of tbe oommittee and the House made them feel ashamed of themselves for attempting to steal so little. The furniture supplied is valued, upon the fairest and most liberal estimate, at about $35,000. Even that is much more than has been spent for furnishing the Senate Chamber, House of Represen tatives, President, Vice-President and Speaker’s room and all the committee and reception rooms in the Capitol at Wash ington, in any one year sinoe the founda tion of the government. In 1869 the Legislature of South Caro lina created a Land Commission, for the purpose of seouring, as they said, at a moderate price, lands in the State for sale to actural settlers in small quantities for cultivation. That sounds like a first class object. But the Commission, pre sided over by a member of the Senate, met and bought lands for whioh they paid $700,000 of the people’s money. It is charged that in almost every instance where purchases are made the seller was paid double his price on condition that he would sigareoeipts in full for four times the t price demanded by him. That no man who was not in “tho ring” oould dis pose of lands to the Commission. That theso now lie uncultivated, unsalable and not worth SIOO,OOO. The chairman, when an investigation was talked of, deliberate ly rose in his plaoe and defied the Senate, telling them that if an investigation was made he would drag half the Senate to the Penitentiary with him. No investigation was attempted, and the tax-payers’ con vention endorsed this swindle solely be cause they did not desire to destroy confi dence in their intention to pay their pub lic debt. DIVIDING THE SPOILS. It frequently occurs now that shortly after the tax collections “the ring” claims are paid, and if aDy respectable citizen here, without regard to his polities, pre sents a claim, he is told “wc have no money to pay your certificate, but I know where you can got it shaved for a reason able discount,” whioh means say 20 to 50, or even 75, per cent, of the amount, There are about 300 CONVICTS IN THE PENITENTIARY. They are sent out to work in the Gov ernor’s garden or on his farm, to do his chores and marketing, in their checkered suits. The keeper of the penitentiary is said to be interested in a brier wd. The conviots are sent there to work, at srr.all wages, looked after by penitentiary guards. It sometimes happens that some of t hese fellows escape, and if they are the 1 ight kind of voters they are never found. But let a citizen apply for convict labor in scarce times, and though thers is plenty to spare be cannot Lire it at any price. A NEW WAY TO MAKE VOTERS. Negroes and other Radicals have been convicted of crimes by their own jaries. The law of the State provides that no man who has served a term of sentence in the penitentiary shall be eligible as a voter. The Radical convicts are saved to their party by being released before the expiration of their terms, or at once, if their services are needed to secure votes. But a Democrat always serves his full term. OFFICES FOR THE MILLION. Before the war all county officers were houorary appointees, or elected to these offices without pay, as a matter of com pliment. It was considered an honor to hold one of them. Now the “trial jus tice ” system, and the creation of thou sands of local offices, all paid from the State or county treasury, have prostituted the J udiciary and offices of trust to the base purposes of vile and ignorant men, few of whom can read or write, and have degraded the old positions of honor to a standard of irresponsibility and corrup tion that is disgnsting, and no honest or respectable man can be found to fill them. Even with a change of politics it is doubt ful whether, unless the system be changed, any white man but the “low down” Claes and the “ aand-hillers ” would be willing to accept any of them. To this condition have the proud Sooth Caroli nians come at last. With paid negro offi cers enough to influence any election . against them, and corruption and immor alities} practiced openly before their eyes, and boasted of, they find themselves with out redress. There is a point beyond which human nature cannot be trifled with. When a man is ground to the earth by the heels of oppression, he is apt to hate and resist the oppressor. In the depths of misfortune the people discovered that they were being robbed by their op pressors of what little they had left from the wreok of war, and they were ready to adopt any remedy. Can we wonder, then, that a few of the more zealous young men should become turbulent, and that the dis orderly spirits should join the oiitjaws in opposition to the powers that be ? I do not attempt to defend the Ku-Klnx, be cause 1 think they are among the meanest and most cowardly set of men on the face of the earth. There is nothing noble in any of their doings. They profess to TAKE THE LAW IN THEIR OWN HANDS and see to its enforcement, while there is no excuse for the acts they have commit ted ; yet, when we contemplate the oor rnptions detailed in part above, and the cold-blooded murders perpetrated by ne groes, who, grown suddenly rich by steal ing the people’s money, flannt their ill gotten gains in the faces of the oppressed; when a murder like that of Mr, Stevens, at Union Court House, follows a long list of crimes and corruptions, it is not won derful—in fact, it is natural—to expect the formation of vigilance committees and regulators of the public peace and morals. These effects would follow in equally rapid succession to the causes named in any Northern State. I have not mention ed half the causes. Their details are sick ening to the enlightened mind, I think NEW SERIES—YOL. XXIY. NO. 27. that while we recognize the existence of a mob-rule on one aide that steals, and robs, and barns, and murders, and a mob-rule on the other that murders, and whips, and applies the torch, we should not denounce one wholly at the expense of the other, bnt both should he condemed and both corrected, and hereafter be prevented. HOW PREVENTED? Tho ballot box will purify one element. But, with a majority of 30,000 negro votos in the State, they say it is impossi ble. I differ with them on that point. It is possible, aDd at tbe next eleetion, if the intelligent men cf South Carolina will seize the opportunity. There are plenty of honest men among the carpet-baggers. There are plenty of honest and intelligent negroes. These meu all hate the present State Government because of its corrup tion, practiced all the way from the Gov ernor to the trial jastioe. Numbers of them have frankly told mo that the Re publican party in South Carolina is no place for them. Native and Northern Republicans, men of oharaotcr, say they vote against their best interests and those of the State every timo they deposit a Republican ballot in South Carolina. “Why, then, do you not vote the Demo cratic tioket ?’’ “Simply because Ku-Klux organiza tions and the general treatmeut of thieves and honest Republicans alike are barriers between them and me that I cannot sur mount.” WHAT A “RELIABLE CONTRABAND” SAYS. I asked a oolored mao of intelligence, evidently a leader here, who was with sev eral others of his color, “ Why do you not out. loose from these thieves and vote whero your interest lie ? Your old mas ters do not really dislike you, but you will make them bate you if you eontinue keep ing tho Stato iu tho hands ot robbers. Your interests and those of the men who emply you are exactly tho same. Why do you not help them, as the oolored men in Georgia did, to got good, honest local governments ? Then everybody would prosper, and you would have plenty of work and bo kindly treated.” “Well,” said he, ‘‘l toll them that. They know it, too. Wo have seen how it works in Georgia. But my friend prom ises me to vote for a good government, and the next thing some scoundrel white man comes along and promises him an office for his vote, and be gets it. Prob ably the same offioe (and offioes are thick as blackberries) is promised to five men, one of whom gets it. Probably ten othors are half promised, and they all vote for the carpet-baggers in hopes of getting that one offioe. At tbe last Presidential elec tion each colored man was promised a forty-acre plantation and mule. Os oourse you know there was no authority for such promise. The land and mules were never distributed. Tbe nekt election was car ried through prejudice, because the white men who have done all the stealing sinoe told us if we did not vote the Radi cal ticket our dd masters would get control and put us back into slavery. I did not believe them, bat a nine-tenths majority of the oolored people did. You have seen the result. Now they want to use us again. I believe now, however, that the oolored people are beginning to appreciate their real condition, and if the corruptionists get 5,000 majority next fall they will do well. But tho great draw back js the Ku-Klux. The oolored poople are superstitious and too easily led by be ing ‘Tightened into a thing. The Radicals say the Ku-Klux aro established for the extermination of the negro race. That is certainly not true, for tho whites must havo our labor. One old oolored woman up in Union swears she saw the Ku-Klux oome out of a well near where she lives— mules first and men afterwards. She would not visit that well now on pain of threatened death, but oarries water from a spring about a quarter of a mile distant. So you see what an influence the Ku-Klux organizations hayo against efforts of such men as myself. They cause many oolored men to despise me.” That is the substance of the statement of the colored man'; and his companions, forming altogether the most intelligent party of colored men I have met, all agreed in support of his statement. The theory of the correction of political evils in South Carolina is verv clear in ray mind. No law can disband the Kn-Klnx, and no Ku-Klux can disbti’.d the robbers of the public Treasury. They rather strengthen the corruptionists, and tend to increase disorder and oause bloodshed. Let the intelligent people of South Caro lina advise, entreat and enforce the disso lution of these organizations, and use per suasion instead of powder, bullets and the whipping post. They and they alone can do it, and when they do it they will found a party of white and black men that will sweep the State of South Carolina like a whirlwind, and hurl from power the in grates and leeches that threaten to suck the life-blood from the body corporate of the State, The intelligent people say they are op posed to Ku-Klux organizations. Let them hold meetings, pass resolutions condemna tory of the proceedings of these midnight assassins, and as soon as the latter see the solid men of South Carolina demand the breaking up of their hands, there is not the least doubt that every Ku-Klux in South Carolina will disappear, W. P. O. Orders of the Commune. SEC FIRE TO ALL SUSPECTED HOUSES. The following order was found upon the body of Delesculze, shot behind a barri cade : Paris, 3 Prairial, An 79 (May 23, 1871.) Citizen Milliare, at the head of 150 fuscans, will set fire to all suspected and publio buildings on (he left bank of the Seine. Citizen with one hundred men of the same qorpj, is charged with the First and Seeped arrondissoments. Citizen Pil lioray, with a like number, will take the Ninth, Tenth and Twentieth arrondisse ments. Citizen Vesimer, with fifty men, is specially trusted with the same work on the Boulevards from Madeleino to the Bastille. Those citizens will oomc to an understanding with the chiefs of barri cades to assure the execution of these or ders, Delesoluzr, Vesinier, Kegere, Brunel, Ranyier, Dombboswski. Jouannard, relative to hostages. Paris, 2 Prairial. Citizen Raoul Rigault is charged con jointly with citizen Regere with the execu tion of the decree of the Communo of Paris relative to hostages, Delescluze. Pillioray. DELESCLUZE TO DOMBROWSKI BURN AND STEAL. The following curions little documents were found on the body of Dombrowski: To Citizen General Dombrowtki : I hear that the orders given for the de struction of the barricades are contradic tory. See that each mistakes should not happen again. Blow up and set fire to all the houses which interfere with your system of defease. The barricades shall not be attacked from the houses. The de fenders of the Commune shall lack noth ing. Give to the needy all the valuables that may be found in the houses which are to be demolished. Make, moreover, all the necessary requisitions. " Delesgluze, A. Pillioray. Paris, 2 Prairial, year 79. on the corpse of an insurgent. Set fire to the quarters of the Bourse. Fear nothing. Parent, Lieut. Colonel. This order bore also the seal of the mil itary commander of the Hotel de Ville. Found on the person of citizen Van der Hoover, chief of the barricades of the Faubourg Temple : The citizen commander of the barracks of Chateau d’Eau is entrusted to hand to bearer all the petroleum bombs whieh the citizen commander of the barricades of the Faubourg du Temple may need. Brunel, Chief of Legion. another order. Commune of Paris. Citizen Jacquct is authorized to enlist all the citizens and demand the delivery of all the objects that be may require for the construction of the barricades. Wines and liquors only are exempt from seizure. The citizen and oitizenesses who refuse their aid shall immediately be shot. Citi zen Jacquinet shall send detaohments to iospeot all auspicious looking The oelllars, in particular, shall be search ed. All lighta shall be extinguished in the quarters whioh may be attacked. Suspected houses shall be bnrned.^^ Accommodating a Creditor. “ How often must l climb three pair of stairs before I get the amount of this little ac count?” Debtor—“Do you think I am going to rent a place on the first floor to accommodate my creditors?” Narrow Gauge Railroads-Some Inter esting ana Valuable Information. The following article, from the Chicago Tribune, satisfactorily answers a number of questions which have also been pro pounded to us, and which, from the want of the proper engineering knowledge, we were unable to answer ourselves. The narrow gauge railroad is exciting much interest throughout the country, and the explanation of the Tribune serves to throw muoh light on a subject now imperfectly understood: We are asked the question, how can a three-foot gauge railway, be'constructed for $4,000 per mile, when it costs $15,000 per mile to build a four-foot ten inch gauge track on the best located routes. The cost of building and equipping a nar row gange in the proportion of its cube root to that of a wide gauge. The cube of three feet is twenty-seven. The cube of four feet eight and a halt inohes, which is the narrowest of existing gauges, equals one hundred and four, and In this propor tion does the cost of building and equip ping roads of these respective tracts dif fer ; $2,700 wii! build as much three-foot road as $10,400 will construct of four feet eight and a half-inches track. To' illustrate this principle: A man twice the height of a boy will weigh eight times as much. If the boy is three teet. high, and weighs, say forty and a half pounds, a man five feet eight and a half inches, built in the same proportion, will weigh one hundred and fifty-six poi uds, although he is only two leet eight and a half inches taller than the boy. A com mon freight car weighs eight to ton tons, and carries a burden of ten tons. A freight locomotive ■ weighs about thirty tons. On a three-foot track it has been found that iron-made freight cars need weigh but 1,000 pounds, and are amply strong enough to carry threo tons of freight. In this oase the car oan carry four times its own weight, whereas oil the wide track it can bear a load only, or slightly exceeding its weight. Twelve narrow gauge iron cars only weigh as much as an ordinary wood and iron freight truck, but they will co.ivey thirty six tons of freight, whereas the big track can safely move under only one-fourth as muoh freight. An empty freight train ot one looometive, tender, and twenty trucks will weigh over two hundred tons, and, when fully loaded, as much more, or four hundred tons. One-half of the power of the locomotive is, therefore consumed in moving dead weight, and the othqr half in moving burden. A locolhotive, as we said, weighs thirty tons; its tender, with ooal and water, weighs seventeen tons, and the two to gether forty-seven tons; so that the dead weight of the engino and tender is twenty four per oent. on the empty train. The weight on each driving-wheel of a loco motive is between five and six tons. The injury sustained by the track, under this enormous pressure on a single point of rail, must be obvious at a glance. One lo comotive, exerting a pressure’of six tons on each of its driving-wheels, will do the rails more harm thac a hundred loornno tives running at the same speed whose wheels press the rail with but one ton and a half of pressure. In the one case the iron is pressed beyond its resisting power ; its fibre is strained and crushed, and the rails soon wear out under such excessive weight. But to obtain the necessary ad hesive power to move the train and ‘ its load up grades, locomotives must be built enormously heavy, which speedily dete riorates and destroys the rails; and tllere is no help for it on a wide track except by steel rails, and they are liable to snap like pipe-stems under the influence of frost and the weight of the locomotive. On the narrow gauge track the looomo tivo may be a tank engine, and carry its own ooal and water and dispeoso with a tender. It need not way but six or eight tons with its supply of luel and water. The pressure of its wheels will, therefore, be but one and a half to two tons oaob. A pony looomotivo, weighing six to&p, with a ton and a half pressure on tho rails from oaoh wheel, will draw at the H amo speed more than ono quarter as muoh load as a thirty-ton looomotivo, bccauso a part of the weight of the latter has to be thrown on tho guiding wheels, which sub tracts rather than adds to tho power of tho maohiuo. Four suoh poDy engines will do the work of a big odc with case. Togothor they will weigh, with their fuel and water, about thirty tons ; whereas the big looomotivr and its tondor weighs forty seven tons. The former will movo throo tons of freight for oaoh ton of “dead weightthe latter willaoarocly movo but one ton of freight to ono of dead-woight. In passenger looQmotivos and cars, the relative superiority ot tho narrow ovor the wide track, in an economical point of View, is ovon greater than in freight trains, as oan easily bo demonstrated by analysis of tho respective cost of operating oaoh style of road. Something About the State Bonds. Augusta, (4a., June 24,1871. N. L. Angier, Treasurer : Du ai! Sib— l have State bonds duo Ist July, proximo. Will they be paid at the Treasury or in New York 1 Excuse this trouble. Yours, etc., Jno. P. Kino. Stats Trkasukeu’s Office, ) Atlanta, Ga., Jane 25, 1871. j -Hbtt. John P. King : Dear Sir —ln answer to your note of yesterday, I can only state that this office lias no fnnds for the purposo mentioned in your letter, and I have no assuranoe that there will be any on the first of July next. Executive warrants for claims against the Western and Atlantio Railroad absorb eve rything. I have paid over $400,000 on account of said claims,’ since January last, and still they como. lam of the opinion that your bonds, that mature on the first of next month, will be paid at Henry Clews & 00., 22 Wall street, New York. Every attempt lias been made to keep this office in tho dark as regards State financial transactions, and I regret my inability to answer positively your inquiries. Very respectfully, Your obedient servant, N. L. Angier, Treasurer. Crops in Hart. Bowersvili.e, Hart County, Ga., ) • June 24, 1871. j Editors Chronicle & Sentinel : Farmers in Hart are very backward with their work. The grass lias got the start so far that some farmers are turning out portions of their bottom lands. We had fifteen days’ rain here, and then the wheat harvest came on, which put the work on farms so far back that it will he impossible for some even to catch nj» with their work, unless the weather should be very favorable. The oat crop has the rust. I hardly think that even late sowing will hold out. On some lands cotton is very late and small, with a fair portion of grass mixed with it—still we are having very heavy rains, and the ground is very wet and heavy. Yours, &0., B. D. J. The Triple Tragedy—The Final and Saddest Scene.— The story of' tho “ Connolly tragedy ” is familiar to every body, and its terrible oiroumstauoes filled every breast with distress and horror. But the most heart-rendering phase of lino calamitous event was probably that wit nessed to-day in the French church in West Twenty-third street. It was tho funeral of tho three. Seldom, perhaps, has any incident transpirsd in the neigh borhood of West 11th acreot whioh brought together so many people. Curiosity is a powerful motive power. Those who were badly able to bo out at all found means and strength enough to carry thorn to the house whence the oortegc started at 11 o’olook this morning, and to acoompany it on its routo to the oburoh. There were three hearses employed, ard as they ap proached tho religious edifice tho crowd became so dense that it took tho utmost efforts of a large pohoe foroe to keep tho way clear and make a passago to the ecu tre aisle. Ad entrance once effected, the funeral prooossion took the following order to the chanool: First came a rose wood, silver-mounted coffin, containing tho remains of tho fathor, and after it, two smaller white oaskets, gold-mounted, with the bodies of the little ones. The widow, supported by several of her friends, followed the sad relies of her earthly hap piness, and when quiet reigned in the densely packed builaiDg, Father Lo Font began the services. At the conclusion of the requiem high mass, Mrs. Connolly and hex brother received the Holy Com munion, and, leaving the rails, had to pass b 7 the biers. It were useless to at tempt to describe the expression of the grief-stricken oouoteoanoe of the lady as she glanoed at the oaskets, so with her we, too, must, drop the veil upon it- Thoro were few dry eyes in that building during that part of the oeremonies. When they were over, the lady fainted and was taken to her home in a carriage, and her loved ones to their “long homes” in Cavalry. The pall-bearers were Drs. Finnell, Boden and Sheraux, and Judge Quinn. — Neui York Express.
